Unit
5
Canada—“The
True
North”
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Canada’s
geography
features加拿大的地理特点
1.
座落于美国的北部，是仅次于俄罗斯的世界第二大国。
Lies
to
the
north
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
US;
the
world’s
second
largest
country
after
Russia.
2.
地形十分复杂：东部山区沿海省份沿劳伦
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )斯湾和大西洋形成不规则的海岸；西部，太平洋沿岸地区被南北走向的山脉分离，其中包括落基山脉；中部是一个大平原。
It
has
an
extremely
v
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aried
topography:
The
east
part
is
mountainous,
maritime
provinces
have
an
irregular
coastline
on
the
Gulf
of
St.
Lawrence
and
the
Atlantic;
in
the
west
part,
the
Pacific
border
is
separated
from
the
rest
of
the
country
by
mountain
ranges
from
north
to
south
including
the
Rockies;
the
central
part
is
a
vast
plain.
3.
气候不甚宜人，大部分地区冬季既漫长又寒冷，积雪深厚。所以，大多数人都居住在南部边境地区。
The
climate
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
unfavorable,
much
of
Canada
has
long
and
cold
winters
with
deep
snow.
So,
a
major
part
of
the
population
lives
along
the
southern
border.
4.
最高峰是落根峰，主要的两大河流是马更些河与圣劳伦斯河。大约80%的加拿大人住在临近美国边界的大城市中。多伦多是加拿大最大的城市。
The
highest
peak
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Mount
Logan.
The
two
principal
river
systems
are
the
Mackenzie
River
and
the
St.
Lawrence
River.
Nearly
80%
of
Canadians
live
in
large
cities
near
the
border
with
the
United
States.
And
Toronto
is
Canada’s
largest
city.
Geographical
regions
and
their
characteristics地理区域及其特点
1.
大西洋沿岸诸省区：Atlantic
Provinces
该地区盛产土豆。旅游业是该地区经济的重要部分。
Potatoes
grow
wel
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l
there.
The
tourist
trade
is
an
important
part
of
the
region’s
economy.
纽芬兰省东部附近的大浅滩是世界上的大渔场之一。哈利法克斯市拥有一个长年不冻的天然良港。
Off
the
eastern
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hore
of
Newfoundland
forms
one
of
the
world’s
great
fishing
grounds.
Halifax
has
a
good
natural
harbor
that
is
ice-free.
2.
圣劳伦斯及五大湖省区St.
Lawrence-Great
Lakes
Provinces
这是加拿大最发达的地区。这个地区因均靠近圣劳伦斯河和五大湖区而获益匪浅。
This
is
the
most
highl
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y
developed
part
of
Canada.
The
region
benefits
a
lot
from
being
near
the
St.
Lawrence
River
and
the
Great
Lakes.
目前它是加拿大人口密度最大
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的地区，也是工业化程度最高的地区。魁北克省是加拿大两个最重要的省份之一。法国文化的巨大影响使它与其他省区有所不同。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
This
area
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
today
the
most
densely
populated
and
industrialized
part
of
Canada.
Quebec
is
one
of
Canada’s
two
most
important
provinces.
It
differs
from
the
other
provinces
of
Canada
because
it
has
a
strong
French
culture.
渥太华，加拿大的首都，也位于安大略省。在首都，一半人说法语，一半人说英语。
Ottawa,
the
capital
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
of
Canada,
is
in
the
province
of
Ontario.
Half
of
the
population
of
the
capital
city
are
French-speaking
and
half
are
English-speaking.
3.
加拿大地盾区the
Canadian
Shield
几乎半个加拿大被加拿大地盾所覆盖，对居民没有什么吸引力，但却蕴藏着丰富的矿产资源、水力资源和大片的森林。
Almost
half
of
Cana
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )da
is
covered
by
the
Canadian
Shield.
The
Shield,
although
uninviting
to
settlement,
contains
a
wealth
of
minerals,
much
water
power
and
great
forests.
4.
大草原诸省区Prairie
provinces
它很适于种植小麦。
It
is
ideal
for
growing
wheat.
5.
不列颠哥伦比亚区British
Columbia
最重要的山脉是落基山脉和海岸山脉，它们贯穿全省。
The
most
importan
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
mountain
ranges
are
the
Rocky
Mountains
and
the
Coast
Mountains,
which
extend
the
length
of
the
province.
6.
北部诸省及地区Northern
provinces
and
territories
光秃秃的、人烟稀少的加拿大北部地区占整个国土的4/5。尽管该地区气候恶劣，但成千上万公顷的森林、丰富的矿产资源和许多水资源都正在被开发。
The
bare,
thinly
set
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tled
region
of
northern
Canada
takes
up
four
fifth
of
the
country.
In
spite
of
its
severe
climate,
thousands
of
hectares
of
forest
land,
rich
mineral
deposits,
and
many
sources
of
water
are
being
developed.Unit5
Canada—＂The
True
North＂
单元检测卷
第一部分
听力（满分30分）（略）
第二部分
阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节
(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Leeds
Library
Calendar
Monday
10
April
18:00-20:00
Leeds
Centre
for
Vict
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orian
Studies
—
The
Gott
collection
and
the
Yorkshire
Landscape.
Nicole
Harding
talks
about
the
Gott
collection.
Admission:
FREE
Saturday
6
May
13:00-15:30
Members’
Film
Club:
The
Best
Actor
and
Actress
Season
There
Will
Be
Blood(15)
158
mins.
Daniel
Plainview
(Day
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Lewis)
is
a
down-and-out
silver
miner
who
strikes
it
rich
and
becomes
an
oil
tycoon.
When
he
learns
of
a
small
oil-rich
town
in
California,
he
moves
there
with
his
adopted
son.
Using
his
son
to
project
the
image
of
a
caring
family
man,
Plainview
gains
the
cooperation
of
almost
all
the
locals
in
the
town,
with
promises
to
help
develop
their
community
but
over
time,
Plainview’s
gradual
accumulation
of
wealth
and
power
causes
his
true
self
to
surface.
Admission:
?3(including
a
glass
of
wine).
To
book
please
click
here.
Wednesday
17
May
18:00-20:00
Member’s
Film
Club:
The
Best
Actor
and
Actress
Season
Born
Yesterday
(PG)
116
mins.
Judy
Holliday
plays
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Billie
Dawn,
the
dumb
blonde
girlfriend
of
Harry
Brook
(Broderick
Crawford),
a
corrupt
millionaire
junk
dealer.
Brock,
a
man
with
social
ambitions,
is
embarrassed
by
Billie’s
rube
behavior,
so
he
arranges
for
her
to
take
a
crash
course
in
culture
from
a
handsome,
young
journalist
(Willian
Holden).
Billie
learns
really
quickly
under
his
kind
guide
and
becomes
increasingly
aware
of
her
role
in
Brock’s
business
deals.
Admission:
?3(including
a
glass
of
wine).
To
book
please
click
here.
Thursday
8
June
18:00-20:30
Big
Book
End
Ev
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent:
In
Conversation
With
Candace
Robb
and
Chris
Nickson
Historian
and
his
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )torical
crime
fiction
author,
Candace
Robb
will
be
in
conversation
with
historical
crime
fiction
author,
Chris
Nickson
on
Thurs
8
June,
7
p.m.
at
the
Leeds
Library.
Admission:
?3
To
book
please
click
here.
1.What
film
will
be
shown
on
6th
May
A.
Judy
Holliday.
B.
A
Glass
of
Wine.
C.
There
Will
Be
Blood.
D.
Born
Yesterday.
2.What
do
we
know
about
Billie
Dawn
from
Born
Yesterday
A.
She
is
embarrassed
by
her
bad
manners.
B.
She
realizes
what
to
be
expected
of
her.
C.
She
contributes
to
her
family
business.
D.
She
admires
her
course
teacher.
3.Who
will
attend
Big
Book
End
Event
at
the
Leeds
Library
A.
Candace
Robb.
B.
William
Holden.
C.
Daniel
Plainview.
D.
Broderick
Crawford.
B
When
the
dog
named
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Judy
spotted
the
first
sheep
in
her
life,
she
did
what
comes
naturally.
The
four-year-old
dog
set
off
racing
after
the
sheep
across
several
fields
and,
being
a
city
animal,
lost
both
her
sheep
and
her
sense
of
direction.
Then
she
ran
along
the
edge
of
a
cliff(悬崖)
and
fell
100
feet,
bouncing
off
a
rock
into
the
sea.
Her
owner
Mike
Holden
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )panicked
and
called
the
coastguard
of
Cornwall,
who
turned
up
in
seconds.
Six
volunteers
slid
down
the
cliff
with
the
help
of
a
rope
but
gave
up
all
hope
of
finding
her
alive
after
a
90-minute
search.
Three
days
later,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
a
hurricane
hit
the
coast
near
Cornwall.
Mr.
Holden
returned
home
from
his
holiday
upset
and
convinced
his
pet
was
dead.
He
comforted
himself
with
the
thought
she
had
died
in
the
most
beautiful
part
of
the
country.
For
the
next
tw
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
weeks,
the
Holdens
were
heartbroken.
Then,
one
day,
the
phone
rang
and
Steve
Tregear,
the
coastguard
of
Cornwall,
asked
Holden
if
he
would
like
his
dog
back.
A
birdwatcher,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
armed
with
a
telescope,
found
the
pet
sitting
desperately
on
a
rock.
While
he
sounded
the
alarm,
a
student
from
Leeds
climbed
down
the
cliff
to
collect
Judy.
The
dog
had
initially
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )been
knocked
unconscious(失去知觉的)
but
had
survived
by
drinking
water
from
a
fresh
stream
at
the
base
of
the
cliff.
She
may
have
fed
on
the
body
of
a
sheep
which
had
also
fallen
over
the
edge.
＂The
dog
was
very
thin
and
hungry,
＂Steve
Tregear
said.
＂It
was
a
very
lucky
dog.
She
survived
because
of
a
plentiful
supply
of
fresh
water,＂
he
added.
It
was,
as
Mr.
Holden
admitted,
＂a
minor
miracle(奇迹)＂.
4.The
dog
Judy
fell
down
the
cliff
when
she
was__________.
A.
rescuing
her
owner
B.
caught
in
a
hurricane
C.
blocked
by
a
rock
D.
running
after
a
sheep
5.Who
spotted
Judy
after
the
accident
A.A
birdwatcher.
B.A
student
from
Leeds.
C.
Six
volunteers.
D.
The
coastguard
of
Cornwall.
6.What
can
we
infer
from
the
text
A.
People
like
to
travel
with
their
pets.
B.
Judy
was
taken
to
the
fields
for
hunting.
C.
Luck
plays
a
vital
role
in
Judy’s
survival.
D.
Holden
cared
little
where
Judy
was
buried.
7.Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text
A.
Miracle
of
the
Coastguard.
B.
Surviving
a
Hurricane.
C.
Dangers
in
the
Wild.
D.
Coming
Back
from
the
Dead.
C
Standing
in
line
at
p
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )assport
control
isn’t
the
most
relaxing
experience.
The
officer
looks
at
your
passport…
at
you
…
back
at
your
passport…
back
at
you.
Kind
of
nerve
annoying.
But
put
yourself
in
their
shoes
They’re
trying
to
figure
out
if
your
face
actually
matches
the
image
on
the
page.
Not
the
easiest
task.
＂People
are
oft
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en
surprised
at
how
poor
they
are.＂
Said
David
White,
a
psychologist
at
the
University
of
New
South
Wales
in
Australia.
He’s
even
tested
Australian
passport
agents
at
the
task.
＂Their
performance
was
no
better
than
group
of
untrained
university
students.＂
In
his
latest
study
Wh
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ite
and
his
colleagues
studied
how
poor
sleep
–
less
than
six
and
a
half
hours
a
night
–
might
affect
facial
recognition.
It
turned
out
that
bad
sleep
did
lead
to
more
wrong
answers
on
a
face-matching
task.
And
officers
in
the
study
suffering
from
insomnia(失眠),
meaning
poor
sleep
plus
other
symptoms
like
anxiety,
scored
badly,
too,
compared
to
well-rested
ones..
But
here’s
the
twist:
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )＂When
they
made
errors,
people
in
this
insomnia
group
actually
had
higher
levels
of
confidence.
They
were
more
sure
of
their
wrong
answers.＂
The
results
are
in
Royal
Society
Open
Science.
To
avoid
thes
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
kinds
of
errors,
White
suggests
security
organizations
pay
more
attention
to
which
employees
may
be
sleeping
poorly.
＂That’s
more
a
sort
of
everyday
occurrence,
certainly
for
new
parents
or
people
that
may
have
their
sleep
affected
by
shift
work,
which
is
very
common
in
these
security
settings.＂
And
he
also
suggests
that
they
screen
their
employees
for
signs
of
insomnia
and
consider
assigning
those
officers
to
different
jobs,
which
don’t
involve
recognizing
faces
all
day.
8.What
can
be
concluded
from
the
first
paragraph
A.
Customs
officers’
work
is
demanding.
B.
Customs
officers
are
really
annoying.
C.
The
image
in
the
passport
is
easily
identified.
D.
Passing
through
customs
is
a
pleasant
experience.
9.What
are
officers
with
poor
sleep
confident
about？
A.
The
types
of
mistakes
they
made.
B.
Their
teamwork
in
the
working
area.
C.
The
causes
of
their
poor
performance.
D.
Their
wrong
response
in
facial
recognition.
10.What
people
may
suffer
from
poor
sleep
according
to
the
passage
A.
People
standing
in
line.
B.
Parents
raising
new
babies.
C.
Parents
doing
secur
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ity
work.
D.
People
working
during
the
day.
11.What
is
mainly
talked
about
in
the
passage
A.
Customs
Office
and
passports.
B.
Customs
Office
and
employees.
C.
Sleep
quality
and
facial
recognition.
D.
Sleep
quality
and
self-confidence.
D
One
of
the
main
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reators
of
the
World
Wide
Web
Sir
Tim
Berners-Lee
has
warned
that
the
fast
growth
of
the
Internet
is
also
creating
serious
problems.
He
especially
warns
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
of
false
information
being
easily
spread
around
the
Internet,
＂A
great
danger
is
that
it
becomes
a
place
where
untruths
start
to
spread
more
than
truths,
or
it
becomes
a
place
which
becomes
increasingly
unfair
in
some
way.
＂
In
particular
he
mentions
the
phenomena
of
blogging.
Blogging
enables
friends
and
contacts
to
easily
spread
information
However
he
argues
that
people
may
too
easily
trust
information
mentioned
in
a
blog.
This
inaccurate
information
can
then
easily
become
an
accepted
truth
on
the
Internet.
He
suggests
that
the
m
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ost
important
development
of
the
Internet
will
be
in
creating
ways
of
allowing
people
to
check
the
correctness
of
information
by
providing
original
sources.
Sir
Tim
admits
that
this
is
an
important
challenge.
It’s
interesting
to
note
that
Wikipedia(维基百科)has
had
to
take
steps
to
prevent
false
information
being
added
to
the
biographies
of
living
people.
It’s
easy
for
anybody
to
edit
the
open
source.
However,
some
people
have
pointed
out
that
it
has
been
used
to
spread
false
materials.
In
seeking
to
raise
standards,
Wikipedia
has
sought
to
stop
publishing
the
false
material.
At
the
same
time
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere
is
a
growing
view
that
the
Internet
has
had
a
great
effect
on
the
way
millions
of
people
work.
The
last
two
years
has
seen
a
big
growth
in
the
use
of
the
Internet.
There
appears
no
slow-down
in
the
growth
of
the
Internet
with
increasing
access
in
the
developing
countries.
Sir
Tim
says
another
major
challenge
will
be
to
provide
free
Internet
for
everybody.
Sir
Tim
was
recently
launching
a
new
joint
initiative(倡议)between
Southampton
University
and
the
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology
to
create
the
first
degree
in
web
science.
The
two
schools
hope
to
raise
the
standards
of
web
content.
12.What
is
an
especially
serious
problem
that
Sir
Tim
refers
to
A.
The
growth
of
the
Internet
is
too
fast.
B.
The
Internet
has
a
side
effect
on
young
children.
C.
The
false
information
spreads
rapidly
on
the
Internet.
D.
The
Internet
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
companies
compete
against
each
other
in
an
unfair
way.
13.What
causes
the
biographies
to
have
false
information
A.
The
Internet
users
refuses
users
to
correct
it.
B.
Wikipedia
doesn’t
take
any
steps.
C.
Anybody
can
easily
edit
the
biographies.
D.
Wikipedia
attempts
to
publish
false
materials.
14.According
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
the
last
paragraph,
the
purpose
of
the
joint
initiative
is
to
.
A.
enlarge
the
use
of
the
Internet
B.
improve
the
reliability
of
online
content
C.
provide
free
Internet
access
to
the
poor
countries
D.
create
the
first
degree
in
science
and
technology
15.We
can
learn
from
the
text
that
_______.
A.
Sir
Tim
has
built
two
schools
recently
B.
the
Internet
is
harmful
to
the
people’s
health
C.
Sir
Tim
hopes
everyone
can
use
the
Internet
for
free
D.
the
Internet
develops
slowly
in
the
developing
countries
第二节
(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Shortness
of
breath
h
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as
many
different
causes,
and
the
treatment
of
it
is
specific
for
each
cause.
16 There
are,
however,
some
following
first
aid
steps
you
can
use
to
treat
it,
at
least
until
the
ambulance
arrives
or
you’re
able
to
get
the
victim
to
a
hospital.
17
The
more
ene
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rgy
you
spend,
the
more
oxygen
you
use
and
the
more
short
of
breath
you
feel.
Think
about
a
good
workout
at
the
gym.
Exercise
hard
enough
and
you
will
feel
short
of
breath.
The
cure
Take
a
break.
Let
the
victim
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sit,
stand
or
lie
where’s
the
most
comfortable.
There’re
lots
of
myths
about
how
some
body
positions
supposedly
provide
more
airflow.
Coaches
regularly
tell
players
to
hold
their
arms
above
their
heads
to
maximize
chest
expansion.
Nursing
staff
assume
the
＂tripod
position＂
is
the
best
position.
18
Use
oxygen.
This
is
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
special
case
used
only
for
folks
with
chronic
lung
problems.
If
the
victim
has
oxygen
available,
this
is
what
it’s
for.
19
The
victim
may
have
been
told
by
his
or
her
doctor
that
too
much
oxygen
for
too
long
might
cause
more
problems.
Assure
the
victim
that
sudden
increases
in
shortness
of
breath
are
the
instances
in
which
oxygen
is
needed
most.
Treat
the
cau
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se
of
shortness
of
breath.
20
Asthma
patients,
for
example,
often
have
multiple
tools
and
drugs
to
fix
sudden
shortness
of
breath.
Victims
of
lung
infections
may
need
to
see
a
doctor
and
heart
attack
victims
may
need
an
ambulance.
A.
Have
the
victim
rest.
B.
Take
more
exercise
at
the
gym.
C.
The
victim
should
use
his
or
her
oxygen
as
directed
by
a
doctor.
D.
There’re
many
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )causes
of
shortness
of
breath
and
many
of
them
are
treatable.
E.
The
victim
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an
try
to
avoid
making
use
of
his
or
her
oxygen
whenever
possible.
F.
Every
person
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
different,
however,
so
let
the
victim
decide
what
position
feels
most
comfortable.
G.
In
many
cases,
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )only
way
to
treat
shortness
of
breath
is
to
call
911
or
take
the
victim
to
a
doctor.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节
完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I
was
surpris
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed
when
I
received
a
short
message
from
my
father
wishing
me
a
happy
birthday.
I
had
21 to
hear
f
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rom
my
mother,
my
grandmother
and
my
other
relatives
22 never
from
my
father.
Lying
in
bed,
23 of
my
father
flooded
back.
When
I
was
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )little
boy,
I
regarded
my
father
as
a
(n)
24 able
to
do
anything.
25 ,
things
slowly
began
to
26 .
The
more
I
learned,
the
more
I
doubted
what
he
said.
The
gap
between
us
grew
and,
at
last,
I
didn’t
27 want
to
communicate
with
him.
My
father,
in
my
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mind,
had
no
28 in
talking
with
me.
Dinner
was
the
only
time
we
were
together.
He
had
no
time
to
watch
TV
with
me.
He
would
tell
me
to
ask
my
mother
29 I
needed
something.
He
even
refused
to
answer
my
30 when
I
phoned
from
school.
I
31 the
changes.
I
thought
that
perhaps
my
father
no
longer
32 me
any
more.
Over
time,
however,
I
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
began
to
wonder
whether
my
33 was
right.
One
day,
my
mother
told
me
that
each
time
I
called,
father
was
34 listening
beside
her.
Suddenly,
I
hated
myself
for
my
35 behavior
toward
him.
I
planned
thousa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nds
of
times
to
36 my
father.
In
the
end,
however,
I
was
always
too
embarrassed
about
what
I
had
done.
But
that
Saturday,
I
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
was
so
37 by
his
short
message.
I
realized
then
that
my
father’s
love
for
me
had
never
disappeared.
I
decided
to
send
a
38 :
＂Thank
you,
my
dear
father.＂.
Two
days
later,
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hen
I
returned
home,
my
mother
told
me
that
my
father
had
been
so
39 when
he
received
my
reply.
She
said
he
had
40 from
morning
till
night.
At
that
moment,
I
felt
truly
happy.
21.A.expected
B.
intended
C.
planned
D.
wanted
22.A.and
B.so
C.
but
D.
or
23.A.opinions
B.
memories
C.
thoughts
D.
responses
24.A.angel
B.
teacher
C.
hero
D.
friend
25.A.However
B.
Otherwise
C.
Therefore
D.
Besides
26.A.improve
B.
change
C.
develop
D.
appear
27.A.still
B.
ever
C.
yet
D.
even
28.A.interest
B.
trouble
C.
chance
D.
courage
29.A.although
B.
if
C.
even
if
D.
after
30.A.letters
B.
e-mails
C.
questions
D.
calls
31.A.got
fond
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
got
sick
of
C.
got
familiar
with
D.
got
accustomed
to
32.A.helped
B.
supported
C.
loved
D.
missed
33.A.behavior
B.
words
C.
manner
D.
action
34.A.often
B.
always
C.
seldom
D.
never
35.A.casual
B.
violent
C.
cold
D.
cruel
36.A.apologize
to
B.
write
to
C.
talk
with
D.
consult
with
37.A.bored
B.
confused
C.
touched
D.
pleased
38.A.message
B.
card
C.
gift
D.
reply
39.A.upset
B.
happy
C.
sad
D.
nervous
40.A.waited
B.
signed
C.
hesitated
D.
smiled
第二节
(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入
1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Someone
asks
me
what
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
earth
happiness
means
I
can’t
give
you
the
exact
definition
of
it,
but
I’m
sure
if
you
love
and
help
others,
you’ll
get
it.
I’ll
never
forget
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
an
old
lady
41 lives
in
a
small
house
alone.
It’s
said
that
her
husband
and
her
son
42 (die)
in
a
traffic
accident.
How
bitter
her
life
is!
But
the
old
lady
often
helps
others
43 a
smile.
Whenever
it
snows,
she
is
always
the
first
44 (clean
)the
paths.
She
looks
after
several
children
living
nearby.
I
am
one
of
them.
I
often
remember
the
stories
she
told
us
and
her
kind
smile.
Perhaps
she
is
unlucky,
45 I
think
she
is
a
happy
person.
Her
life
is
full
of
laughter
and
love.
But
I’m
sad
to
see
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
some
people
getting
their
happiness
in
bad
ways.
They
speak
loudly
in
cinemas
and
meeting
rooms;
they
destroy
trees
to
enjoy
46 (they)
and
they
laugh
at
others’
47 (shortcoming).
Perhaps
they
feel
happy
at
that
time,
but
they
will
never
get
happiness
48 (true)
because
they
have
lost
their
personalities.
Now
I
know
49 happiness
is.
It
means
kindness,
love
and
unselfishness.
Above
all,
only
50 (bring)
happiness
to
others
can
make
you
get
it.
第四部分
写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节
短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
One
day,
lit
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tle
Tony
went
to
a
shopping
center
with
his
parent.
It
was
very
crowded.
Tony
saw
a
toy
on
a
shop
window.
He
liked
it
so
very
much
that
he
quickly
walked
into
the
shop.
After
looks
at
the
toy
for
some
time,
he
turned
around
and
found
where
his
parents
were
missing.
Tony
was
scared
and
begun
to
cry.
A
woman
saw
him
crying
and
telling
him
to
wait
outside
a
shop.
Five
minutes
later,
Tony
saw
parents.
Mom
said,
＂How
nice
to
see
you
again!
Dad
and
I
were
terrible
worried.＂
Tony
promised
her
that
this
would
never
happen
again.
第二节
书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华，作为交换生正在英国学校学习
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。为了推广中国文化，学生会将于2017年6月20
日在学校报告厅举办＂中国诗词大会＂(Chinese
poetry
Conference
)，请你用英语写一则通知告知该校同学有关参赛事宜。
要点：
1.
报名时间、地点；
2.比赛内容：中国诗词，以唐诗为主；
3.奖品：
《唐诗三百首》
；
4.联系人及方式：李华
。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
第二部分
阅读理解
第一节
A
【文章大意】本文为一则广告，介绍了四月份到六月份在Leeds
Library要进行的四个活动。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )B
【文章大意】文章主要叙述了一只幸运的狗Judy在恶劣的环境下顽强生存下来的故事
4.D
【解析】考查细节理解
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。根据文章中的＂The
four-year-old
dog
set
off
racing
after
the
sheep
across
several
fields...＂可知答案为D。
5.A
【解析】考查细节理解。根据文章中的＂
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )A
birdwatcher,
armed
with
a
telescope,
found
the
pet
sitting
desperately
on
a
rock＂可知，一位观鸟者用他的望远镜发现了绝望地蹲在岩石上的Judy。故答案为A。
6.C
【解析】考查推理判断。根据文章中的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )＂...had
survived
by
drinking
water
from
a
fresh
stream＂以及＂It
was
a
very
lucky
dog＂可知答案为C。
7.D
【解析】考查主旨大意。文章主要叙述了一只幸运的狗Judy在恶劣的环境下顽强生存下来的故事，所以选项D＂起死回生＂是文章的最佳标题。
C
【文章大意】本文为说明文，通过海关官员的例子来说明缺乏睡眠会影响人的面部识别能力。
8.A
【解析】推理判断题。根据
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第一段最后一句话可知海关官员的工作要求高而不是他们令人生气，故A项正确、B项错误；根据第一段第二句话和第四句话可知护照上的图像需要经过多次比对才能确认，故C项错误；根据第一段第三句话可知通过海关不是令人愉快的经历，故D项错误。故选A。
9.D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第一、二句话和第四段可知失眠的海关官员对他们在面部识别的错误答案很自信，故选D。
10.B
【解析】细节理
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )解题。根据第五段第二句话中的certainly
for
new
parents
or
people
that
may
have
their
sleep
affected
by
shift
work可知B项正确。
11.C
【解析】主旨大意题。纵观全文可知本文讲的是缺乏睡眠会影响人的面部识别能力，故选C。
D
【文章大意】本文为说明文。讲述的是互联网的创始人之一Sir
Tim之处因特网导致的几个严重问题和因特网对人们的影响。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第二节
【文章大意】本文为说明文，介绍了呼吸急促的几种急救措施。
16.G
【解析】根据上下文可知此处表示＂在许多情况下，呼吸急促的唯一治疗方法就是拨打911或带病人去看医生＂，故选G。
17.A
【解析】根据本段内容可知本段要提出的建议是让呼吸急促的病人休息一下，故选A。
18.F
【解析】根据上文内容可知此处讲的是每个人都不同，所以应该让病人自己选择最舒服的姿势，故选F。
19.C
【解析】根据下文内容可知病人应该按照医生指导使用氧气，故选C。
20.D
【解析】根据Treat
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
cause
of
shortness
of
breath.和下文内容可知此处表示呼吸急促的原因很多，其中许多是可以治疗的，故选D。
第三部分 语言知识运用
完形填空
【文章大意】本文为记叙文。讲述的是作者小
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )时候崇拜父亲，但随着长大，他与父亲的代沟逐渐加深，他觉得父亲不再爱他。当有一年生日时收到父亲的祝福短信使他很吃惊。他反思后最终意识到父亲对他的爱从未消失，于是他给父亲回了短信感谢父亲。这令他的父亲很高兴。
21.A
【解析】考查动词。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )expected期待，料想；intended打算；planned计划；wanted想要。句意：我曾经期待收到我的母亲、祖母和其他亲属的信，但从未期待收到父亲的信。根据句意可知应选A。
22.C
【解析】考查连词。and并且；so因此，所以；but但是；or或者，否则。根据句意可知应选C。
23.B
【解析】考查名词。opinions
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )观点；memories记忆；thoughts想法；responses答复。句意：躺在床上，关于父亲的记忆涌了回来。根据句意可知应选B。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
27.D
【解析】考查副词。st
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ill仍然；ever曾经；yet然而；even甚至。句意：我们之间的代沟慢慢加深，最后，我甚至都不想跟他交流。根据句意可知应选D。
28.A
【解析】考查名词。inte
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rest兴趣；trouble麻烦，困难；chance机会；courage勇气。句意：在我的心目中，父亲没有跟我交谈的兴趣。根据句意可知应选A。
29.B
【解析】考查连
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词。although尽管，虽然；if如果；even
if即使；after在……之后。句意：他总是会告诉我如果我需要什么就告诉妈妈。根据句意可知应选B。
30.D【解析】考查名词。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )letters信；e-mails电子邮件；questions问题；calls电话。句意：当我从学校打电话时，他甚至拒绝接我的电话。根据句意可知应选D。
31.D
【解析】考查动词短语。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )got
fond
of喜欢，爱好；got
sick
of讨厌；got
familiar
with熟悉；got
accustomed
to习惯于。句意：我习惯了这种变化。根据句意可知应选D。
32.C
【解析】考查动词。helped
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )帮助；supported支持；loved爱；missed错过，想念。句意：我想或许我的父亲不再爱我了。根据句意可知应选C。
33.A
【解析】考查名词。behav
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ior行为；words语言；manner方式；action行动。句意：然而，随着时间的流逝，我开始想知道我的行为是否正确。根据句意可知应选A。
34.B
【解析】考查副词。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )often经常；always总是，一直；seldom很少；never从不。句意：一天，妈妈告诉我，每次我打电话时父亲总是在她旁边听着。根据句意可知应选B。
35.C
【解析】考查形容词。c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )asual随意的；violent猛烈的，暴力的；cold冷的，冷漠的；
cruel残忍的。句意：突然，我为我对他的冷漠行为而憎恨我自己。根据句意可知应选C。
36.A
【解析】考查动词短语。apol
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ogize
to向……道歉；write
to给……写信；talk
with与……交谈；consult
with与……商量。句意：我上千次计划向父亲道歉。根据句意可知应选A。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
40.D
【解析】考查动词。wa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ited等待；signed签字，打手势；hesitated犹豫；smiled微笑。句意：她说他从早到晚一直在微笑。根据句意可知应选D。
第二节
【文章大意】本文为议论文。讲述的是快乐的意义就是如果你乐于助人，你就会得到真正的快乐。
41.who/that
【解析】考查定语从句。定语从句缺少主语，应用关系代词who或that引导定语从句修饰先行词an
old
lady。
42.died
【解析】考查时态语态。句意：
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )据说，她的丈夫和儿子在一起交通事故中死亡。根据句意可知die与主语之间为主动关系，且为一般过去时，故用died。
43.with
【解析】考查介词。句意：但是这位老太太经常面带微笑帮助别人。介词with表示＂带着＂。
44.to
clean
【解析】考查非谓语动词。＂the+序数词+不定式＂为固定结构，表示＂第……个做……的＂。故用to
clean。
45.but
【解析】考查连词。句意：或许她很不幸，但是我认为她是一个快乐的人。根据句意可知此处应用转折连词but。
46.themselves
【解析】考查代词。句意：为了玩得
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )开心，他们破坏树木，他们嘲笑别人的缺点。根据句意可知应用themselves构成固定短语enjoy
oneself，表示＂玩得开心＂。
47.shortcomings
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )从句。
50.bringing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：最重要的是，仅仅带给别人快乐就会使你得到快乐。根据句意可知应用bringing在句中作主语。
第四部分
写作
第一节
短文改错
One
day,
little
Tony
went
to
a
shopping
center
with
his
.
It
was
very
crowded.
Tony
saw
a
toy
a
shop
window.
He
liked
it
so
very
much
that
he
quickly
walked
into
the
shop.
After
at
the
toy
for
some
time,
he
turned
around
and
found
his
parents
were
missing.
Tony
was
scared
and
to
cry.
A
woman
saw
him
crying
and
him
to
wait
outside
shop.
Five
minutes
later,
Tony
saw
parents.
Mom
said,
＂How
nice
to
see
you
again!
Dad
and
I
were
worried.＂
Tony
promised
her
that
this
would
never
happen
again.
第一处：parent→parents。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )结合下文的＂his
parents
were
missing＂可知托尼是和爸爸妈妈一起去购物的，因此应用复数形式parents。
第二处：on→in。结合生活常识可知，这里表示在商店橱窗里摆放着一个玩具，故应用in。
第三处：去掉very。这里
so...that...引导结果状语从句，表示＂如此……以至于……＂，因此very应去掉。
第四处：looks→looking。结合语境这里应用动名词作介词After的宾语，故应把looks改为looking。
第五处：where→that或者去掉wh
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere。本句中连词that引导的从句充当动词found的宾语，that不作句子成分只起连接作用，同时宾语从句又可以省略掉连词that。
第六处：begun→began。这里是对过去发生的事情的客观叙述，应用一般过去时，故应把begun改为began。
第七处：telling→told。此处and连接的两个先后发生的动作在时态上应保持一致，故应把telling改为told。
第八处：a→the。结合语境可知，同一名词第二次提到应表示特指，故应把shop前的a改为the。
第九处：parents前加his。结合语境可知,这里parents并不是表示泛指而是指托尼的爸爸妈妈，故应在parents前加his。
第十处：terrible→terribly。修饰形容词应用副词,故用terribly。
第二节
书面表达
【参考范文】
NOTICE
In
order
to
pro
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mote
Chinese
culture,
our
school
will
hold
a
Chinese
Poetry
Conference.
I’d
like
to
inform
you
of
some
details
as
follows.zx
xk
As
scheduled,
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
competition
is
to
be
held
in
the
school
lecture
hall
at
7:00
p.m.
on
April
20,before
which
you
are
supposed
to
get
adequately
prepared.
Therefore,
it’s
strongly
recommended
that
you
recite
enough
classical
poetry
and
focus
on
the
poems
of
the
Tang
Dynasty.
The
appealing
prize
Three
Hundred
Tang
Poems
is
waiting
for
you.
Whoever
wants
to
participate,
please
sign
up
in
the
Student’s
Union
office
before
March
31.
For
any
question,
plea
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se
e-mail
Li
Hua
at
.
You’re
bound
to
benefit
a
lot
from
it.
Students’
UnionUnit
5
Canada—“The
True
North”
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
I.
单词拼写
1.The
Trade
(部长)
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )from
most
Asian
countries
will
discuss
this
problem
during
the
seven-day
meeting.
2.Can
you
help
me
My
__________(行李)is
too
heavy.
3.To
avoid
the
coming
storm,
the
ship
drove
into
the
nearest
h .
4.There
is
(广泛的)
support
for
the
government’s
policy.
5.I’m
very
p
with
the
home
cooking.
It
tastes
delicious.
6.He
________
(测量)
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
length
of
the
room,
which
is
seven
metres
long.
7.In
Britain,
it
is
a
t
to
give
children
Easter
eggs
at
Easter.
8.My
kids
spen
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
hours
__________
(聊天)
on
the
Internet
with
their
friends.
9.Qingdao
is
an
important
__________
(港口)
of
Shandong.
10.The
man
m
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ade
a
face
and
t
the
little
girl
into
crying
loudly
just
now.
II.
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.China
is
a
most
__________
country
in
natural
resources.
(wealth)
2.The
beach
is
within
walking
__________
of
my
house.
(distant)
3.They
were
__________
at
what
their
son
had
done.
(please)
4.His
new
play
is
a
__________
of
sadness
and
humour.
(mix)
5.I
have
only
__________
memories
of
my
early
childhood.
(mist)
6.The
journey
took
__________
two
weeks.
(approximate)
7.There
is
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
desk
one
metre
__________
in
his
office,
on
which
there
are
many
books
helping
to
__________
his
knowledge.
(broad)
8.It
is
a
__________
that
women
get
married
in
red,
and
it
is
also
__________
to
leave
their
own
families
after
marriage
in
China.
(tradition)
9.The
suspect
tried
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
__________
people
with
__________
action,
which
didn’t
really
make
people
__________
.(terrify)
10.The
speaker
_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_________
the
audience
with
his
__________
lecture.
(impress)
III.
用适当的引导词填空
1.The
news________our
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
schoolmates
had
won
the
game
soon
spread
over
the
whole
school.
2.Along
with
the
let
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ter
was
his
promise________he
would
visit
me
this
morning.
3.There
is
great
doubt________he
is
the
man
who
killed
that
girl.
4.Danny
left
word
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ith
my
secretary________he
would
call
again
in
the
afternoon.
5.News
hasn't
been
known________those
graduates
should
leave
school.
6.The
question________
you
didn't
continue
your
study
made
us
puzzled.
7.We
received
an
order________the
work
should
be
finished
by
Sunday.
8.I
have
no
idea________the
salesman
comes
from.
9.He
didn't
answer
the
question________he
got
the
money.
10.There
is
no
doubt________
he
is
not
fit
for
the
job.
IV.完成句子
1.凯特让孩子们安静下来，以便她能在电话中听到她丈夫所说的话。
Kate
asked
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )kids
to
so
that
she
could
hear
what
her
husband
said
on
the
phone.
(settle)
2.
比尔·盖茨的微软使他成为商界的一个杰出人物。
Bill
Gates’
Micr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )osoft
_____________________________
in
the
business
world.
3.别把那些文件搞乱了，否则我们永远找不到所需要的文件。
Don’t
those
pa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pers,
otherwise
we’ll
never
find
the
ones
we
need.
(mix)
4.
她提出这个问题：我们到哪儿去搞这笔资金？
She
raised
the
question
__________
the
fund.
(get)
5.
我从王先生那边得知一个消息,
他说他今天下午不能来看你了。
I’ve
come
from
Mr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Wang
with
a
message
__________
this
afternoon.
(see)
6.我的问题是,你能否给我一些关于如何与人交流的建议。
My
question
is
how
to
communicate
with
others.(give
advice
on)
7.格林女士的女儿对写作有天赋,最近她在一次比赛中获得了一等奖。
Mrs
Green’s
daughter
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) writing
and
she
has
won
the
first
prize
in
a
competition
recently.
(gift)
8.他一路冲往车站，但是却发现火车已经走了。
He
rushed
to
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
station,
only
to
find
the
train
had
gone.
(way)
9.
她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。
The
thought
came
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her
that
maybe
she
__________
when
she
left
home.
(leave)
10.能进入一所重点大学是我的梦想。
a
key
university
is
my
dream.(enter)
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
I.
单词拼写
1.ministers
2.baggage
3.harbour/harbor
4.broad
5.pleased
6.measured
7.tradition
8.chatting
9.harbour
10.terrified
II.
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.
wealthy
2.
distance
3.
pleased
4.
mixture
5.
misty
6.
approximately
7.
broad;
broaden
8.
tradition;
traditional
9.
terrify;
terrifying;
terrified
10.
impressed;
impressive
III.
用适当的引导词填空
1.
that
2.
that
3.
whether
4.
that
5.
when
6.
why
7.
that
8.
where
9.
how
10.
that
IV.完成句子
1.settle
down
2.makes
him
a
phenomenon
3.mix
up
4.where
we
could
get
5.that
he
won't
be
able
to
see
you
6.whether
you
can
give
me
some
advice
on
7.has
a
gift
for
8.all
the
way
9.had
left
the
door
open
10.That
I
can
enterUnit
5
Canada—“The
True
North”
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
高考试题一
题型
体裁
题材
词数
难度
语法填空
说明文
筷子
196
★★★☆☆
(2016·新课标全国卷III语法填空)In
much
of
Asia,
especially
the
so-called
＂rice
bowl＂
cultures
of
China,
Japan,
Korea,
62
Vietnam,
food
is
usually
eaten
with
chopsticks.
Chopsticks
are
usua
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lly
two
long,
thin
pieces
of
wood
or
bamboo.
They
can
also
be
made
of
plastic,
animal
bone
or
metal.
Sometimes
chopsticks
are
quite
artistic.
Truly
elegant
chopsticks
might
62
(make)
of
gold
and
silver
with
Chinese
characters.
Skilled
workers
also
combine
various
hardwoods
and
metal
63
(create)
special
designs.
The
Chinese
have
use
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
chopsticks
for
five
thousand
years.
People
probably
cooked
their
food
in
large
pots,
___64___
(use)
twigs(树枝)
to
remove
it.
Over
time,
65
the
population
grew,
people
began
cutting
food
into
small
pieces
so
it
would
cook
more
quickly.
Food
in
small
pieces
could
be
eaten
easily
with
twigs
which
___66___
(gradual)
turned
into
chopsticks.
Some
people
think
that
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
great
Chinese
scholar
Confucius,
67
lived
from
roughly
551
to
479
B.C.,
influenced
the
68
(develop)
of
chopsticks.
Confucius
believed
knives
would
remind
people
of
killings
and
___69___
(be)
too
violent
for
use
at
the
table.
Chopsticks
are
not
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
used
everywhere
in
Asia.
In
India,
for
example,
most
people
traditionally
eat
___70___
their
hands.
61.
and
这里列举了一些亚洲的国家，它们是并列关系，故填and。
62.
be
made
精美的筷子可
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )能是由刻有汉字的金或银制成的。sth
be
made
of…某物由……制成，情态动词后跟动词原形，故填be
made。
63.
to
create
技术娴熟的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )工人会把各种各样的硬质木材和金属结合起来，以制造出特殊风格的筷子。这里用不定式表目的，故填to
create。
64.
using
人们可能使用
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )大锅煮食物，用树枝搅拌食物，use的逻辑主语是People，两者之间是主动关系，用现在分词表示伴随状况，故填using。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
人，故填who。
68.
development
the＋名词＋of…意为＂……的……＂，这里指＂筷子的发展＂，故填development。
69.
were
根据句意可知，这
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )里指的是刀子因太暴力而不适合在餐桌上使用，believed后跟一个宾语从句，and连接了两个并列的谓语，主语knives是复数形式，根据时态和主谓一致的原则，这里应用were。
70.
with
句意：在印度，大部分人还是用传统的吃饭方法——用手抓，表示＂用……方式/工具＂，应填with。
【试题分析】
本题主要考查词法和句法知识，集中考查了词性转换、并列句、定语从句、状语从句和非谓语动词等语法知识。
高考试题二
题型
体裁
题材
词数
难度
阅读理解
说明文
沉默在不同文化中的含义
328
★★☆☆☆
(2016·新课标全国卷I阅读理解D篇
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))The
meaning
of
silence
varies
among
cultural
groups.
Silences
may
be
thoughtful,
or
they
may
be
empty
when
a
person
has
nothing
to
say.
A
silence
in
a
conversation
may
also
show
stubbornness,
uneasiness,
or
worry.
Silence
may
be
viewed
by
some
cultural
groups
as
extremely
uncomfortable;
therefore
attempts
may
be
made
to
fill
every
gap(间隙)
with
conversation.
Persons
in
other
cultural
groups
value
silence
and
view
it
as
necessary
for
understanding
a
person’s
needs.
Many
Native
Am
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ericans
value
silence
and
feel
it
is
a
basic
part
of
communicating
among
people,
just
as
some
traditional
Chinese
and
Thai
persons
do.
Therefore,
when
a
person
from
one
of
these
cultures
is
speaking
and
suddenly stops, what may
be implied(暗示) is that the person
wants
the
listener
to
consider
what
has
been
said
before
continuing.
In
these
cultures,
silence
is
a
call
for
reflection.
Other
culture
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
may
use
silence
in
other
ways,
particularly
when
dealing
with
conflicts
among
people
or
in
relationships
of
people
with
different
amounts
of
power.
For
example,
Russian,
French,
and
Spanish
persons
may
use
silence
to
show
agreement
between
parties
about
the
topic
under
discussion.
However,
Mexicans
may
use
silence
when
instructions
are
given
by
a
person
in
authority
rather
than
be
rude
to
that
person
by
arguing
with
him
or
her.
In
still
another
use,
persons
in
Asian
cultures
may
view
silence
as
a
sign
of
respect,
particularly
to
an
elder
or
a
person
in
authority.
Nurses
and
other
care
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )-givers
need
to
be
aware
of
the
possible
meanings
of
silence
when
they
come
across
the
personal
anxiety
their
patients
may
be
experiencing.
Nurses
should
recognize
their
own
personal
and
cultural
construction
of
silence
so
that
a
patient’s
silence
is
not
interrupted
too
early
or
allowed
to
go
on
unnecessarily.
A
nurse
who
understands
the
healing(治愈)
value
of
silence
can
use
this
understanding
to
assist
in
the
care
of
patients
from
their
own
and
from
other
cultures.
What
does
the
author
say
about
silence
in
conversations
A.
It
implies
anger.
B.
It
promotes
friendship.
C.
It
is
culture-specific.
D.
It
is
content-based.
Which
of
the
following
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
people
might
regard
silence
as
a
call
for
careful
thought
A.
The
Chinese.
B.
The
French.
C.
The
Mexicans.
D.
The
Russians.
What
does
the
author
advise
nurses
to
do
about
silence
A.
Let
it
continue
as
the
patient
pleases.
B.
Break
it
while
treating
patients.
C.
Evaluate
its
harm
to
patients.
D.
Make
use
of
its
healing
effects.
What
may
be
the
best
title
for
the
text
A.
Sound
and
Silence
B.
What
It
Means
to
Be
Silent
C.
Silence
to
Native
Americans
D.
Speech
Is
Silver;
Silence
Is
Gold
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了沉默在不同文化背景下的不同内涵。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )【试题分析】
很多时候，人们信奉＂沉默是金＂。在日常生活中
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，沉默大家用得不少。那么在不同国家中，沉默代表什么意思呢？本试题中的文章给出了不同文化背景下，沉默的不同内涵。在跨文化交际中，要特别注意。Unit
5
Canada—“The
True
North”
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
1.★rather
than
与其，不愿。常见用法：
do
A
rather
than
do
B
=
rather
than
do
B,
sb
does
A
某人不做B却做A
A
rather
than
B
是A而不是B
would
rather
do
A
than
do
B
=
would
do
A
rather
than
do
B
宁可做A而不做B
prefer
to
do
A
rather
than
do
B
最喜欢做A而不做B
would
rather
sb
did/had
done
sth
宁愿某人做某事
She’d
rather
die
than
lose
the
children.
她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。
You
rather
than
I
are
going
to
go
camping.
是你而不是我要去要野营。
She
enjoys
singing
rather
than
dancing.
她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。
【特别注意】
1.
rather
than
后接
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to，如上句。但rather
than位于句首时，则只能接不带to
的不定式。
2.
rather
than连接
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、动名词、分词、不定式及动词等。rather
than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather
than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
Rather
than
all
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ow
the
vegetables
to
go
bad,
he
sold
them
at
half
price.
他唯恐蔬菜烂掉，把它们以半价卖掉了。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
完成句子
1.
She
enjoys
singing
rather
than
________
(dance).
她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。
2.
You
rather
than
I
________
(be)going
to
go
camping.
是你而不是我要去野营。
3.
I
would
rather
(that)
you
________
that
thing.
我宁愿你没做那件事。
4.
I
____________________
and
give
up.
我宁愿死也不会去抱怨并放弃。
【答案】
1.
dancing
2.
are
3.
hadn’t
done
4.would
rathe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r
die
than
complain/would
die
rather
than
complain/prefer
to
die
rather
than
complain
2.
★surround
vt.
包围；围绕。常见用法：
surround
sb/sth
(with
sb/sth)(使某人/物)包围某人/物
be
surrounded
by/with
被……环绕着
The
police
surrounded
the
house.
警察包围了这幢房子。
They
have
surrounded
the
town
with
troops.
他们出动军队包围了该城。
She
was
surrounded
by
reporters.
她被记者包围住了。
【拓展延伸】
surrounding
adj.
周围的，附近的(常置于名词前作定语)surroundings
n.
环境；周围的事物
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
用surround的适当形式填空
1.
We
could
see
the
buildings
___________by
trees.
2.
More
and
mor
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
people
from
___________
cities
come
to
visit
the
town
surrounded
by
the
beautiful
mountains.
3.
Many
visitors
like
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
___________
in
the
town
so
much
that
they’d
like
to
live
there
for
life.
4.
___________
by
Europe,
the
Swiss
can
feel
secure.
【答案】
1.
surrounded
2.
surrounding
3.
surroundings
4.
Surrounded
3.
★measure
vt.
&
vi.
测量；衡量；判定 n.
计量制；计量单位；措施。常见用法：
measure…against…
以……量……；比较……
measure…by…
用……衡量……
take
measures
to
do
sth
采取措施做某事
beyond
measure
非常；极其
made
to
measure
量身定做的(衣服等)
The
pond
measures
about
20
meters
across.
这个池塘宽约20米。
We
must
tak
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
more
preventive
measures
to
reduce
crime
in
this
area.
我们必须采取更多预防措施来减少这个地区的犯罪。
【拓展延伸】
measurement
n.
尺寸；度量；(衡)量
measured
adj.
量过的；慎重的measurable
adj.
可测量的
【特别提醒】
1.
measure作＂措施＂解时，常用其复数形式。
2.
measure表示＂有……长(宽、高等时)＂，可看成系动词，后跟量的结果，不用被动语态及进行时态。
3.
measure作及物动词时，其后接人或物，意为＂量……＂；作不及物动词时，其后一般接尺寸、面积等，意为＂尺寸/面积是……＂。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
1.
语法填空
①You
should
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )take
effective
____________
(measure)
to
improve
your
working
conditions.
②Please
make
a
suit
to
my
____________
(measure).
③Urgent
measures
_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )___________
(take)
to
prevent
car
emission.
Even
so,
its
influence
is
still
great
enough
to
cause
smog
and
acid
rain.
④It’s
hard
____________
(measure)
his
performances
since
we
haven’t
seen
his
work.
2.
单句改错
①In
my
opinion,
our
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )government
should
take
timely
and
effective
measure
to
prevent
further
pollution
of
this
river.
②The
classroom
meas
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ured
30
feet
long
and
20
feet
wide
is
used
as
a
shelter
for
the
survivors.
【答案】
1.
①measures
②measure
③have
been
taken
④to
measure
2.
①measure改为measures
②measured→measuring
4.
★settle
down
定居；平静下来；专心于，着手……
常见用法：
settle
down
to
(doing)
sth
开始专心于(工作、活动等)，认真地着手去做某事，全身心地去做某事
How
long
did
it
take
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you
to
settle
down
in
this
country
你过了多久才在这个国家安顿下来
I
have
to
sett
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le
down
to
finishing
my
report.
Tomorrow
is
the
deadline.
我得安下心来写报告了。明天是截止日期。
【拓展延伸】
1.
settle
on/upon
同意；决定
settle
in
安顿下来settle
to
do
sth
决定做某事2.
settlement
n.
解决；安置；定居；殖民地reach/arrive
at
a
settlement达成协议3.
settler
n.
移民；殖民者
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
用settle短语完成句子
1.
孩子们，安静下来，别到处乱跑了。
______________________,
children.
Stop
running
anywhere.
2.
从国外回来后，他们现在定居在北京。
After
returning
from
abroad,
they
______________________Beijing
now.
3.
他回来以后就安下心来学习。
He
______________________
his
studies
after
he
came
back.
4.
既然会议地址已经选定了，我们可以讨论一下安排吗
Now
that
the
meet
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing
place
has
been______________________,
can
we
talk
about
the
arrangement
5.
这位老人希望他的儿子尽快结婚,安定下来。
The
old
man
ho
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ped
his
son
would
marry
soon
and
______________________.
【答案】
1.
Settle
down
2.
settle
in
3.
settled
down
to
4.
settled
on
5.
settle
down
5.
★manage
to
do
设法做。
He
managed
to
finish
the
task
on
time.
他设法及时完成了那项任务。
【拓展延伸】
manage
sth
经营/管理某事物manage
with…用……对付过去manage
it
能做到manager
n.
经理；管理人员；经济人management
n.
管理；经营手段；管理部门
Come
to
my
house
as
soon
as
you
can
manage
it.
设法赶快来我家里。
We’ll
manage
with
what
tools
we
have.
我们将用现有的这些工具来设法应付过去。
【易混辨析】manage
to
do
/try
to
do
manage
to
do
sth
表示＂设法成功地做了某事＂，强调结果，相当于succeed
in
doing
sth。
try
to
do
sth
表示＂设法/努力去做某事＂，强调目的，不定式的动作或状态不一定能实现。
He
worked
hard
and
managed
to
pass
the
exam.
他努力学习并顺利通过了考试。
If
our
parents
don’t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
encourage
us
to
do
anything
on
our
own
we
will
never
manage
to
be
successful.
如果父母不鼓励我们独立做事，我们永远也不会获得成功。
Please
try
to
finish
this
work
in
thirty
minutes.
请尽量在30分钟内完成这项工作。
He
tried
to
pass
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )exam,but
failed
because
of
laziness.
他试图想通过考试，但是由于懒惰失败了。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
1.
单句语法填空
①He
managed
______________
(get)
the
work
finished
with
little
money.
②The
failure
of
the
scheme
was
due
to
bad
______________
(manage).
③The
______________
(mange)
decided
to
choose
a
responsible
person
to
perform
the
task.
④How
do
you
manage
______________
(stay)
so
slim
⑤Come
to
my
home
as
soon
as
you
can
manage______________.
2.
一句多译
他设法从监狱里逃了出来。
①________________________________________________________________________________
②________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
1.
①to
get
②management
③manager
④to
stay
⑤it
2.
①He
managed
to
escape
from
the
prison.
②He
succeeded
in
escaping
from
the
prison.
6.★catch
sight
of
看见；瞥见。
I
caught
sight
of
m
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y
former
teacher
just
now,
but
he
turned
a
corner
and
I
lost
sight
of
him.
我刚刚看到我以前的老师了。但他转弯后，我就看不到他了。
【拓展延伸】
in/within
sight
看得见；在视线范围内out
of
sight
看不到；在视野之外lose
sight
of
看不见；忽略；忘记lose
one’s
sight
失明keep
sight
of能看得见；了解到at
first
sight
乍一看at
the
sight
of一看到……
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
1.
单句语法填空
①Don’t
let
me
cat
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ch
sight
of
you
____________
(do)such
kind
of
foolish
things
again!
②My
father
waved
until
we
were
out
____________
sight.
2.
短语填空
catch
sight
of
be
out
of
sight
lose
sight
of
lose
one’s
sight
at
first
sight
①He
____________
in
a
traffic
accident.
②At
the
railwa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y
station,
the
mother
waved
goodbye
to
her
daughter
till
the
train
____________.
③____________,
it
seems
a
silly
question.
④I
saw
Lily
just
now,
but
she
ran
away
and
I
____________
her.
【答案】
1.
①doing
②of
2.
①lost
his
sight
②was
out
of
sight
③At
first
sight
④caught
sight
of;
lost
sight
of
7.
★have
a
gift
for
在……方面有天赋。
You
have
a
gift
for
teaching.
你有教书的天赋。
Caroline
doesn’
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
have
a
gift
for
music,
but
she
makes
up
for
it
with
hard
work.
卡罗琳没有音乐天赋，但是她用努力工作来弥补。
【拓展延伸】
1.
gifted
(＝talented)
adj.
有天分的；有天赋的have
a
gift
for＝have
a
talent
for
对……有天赋have
the
gift/talent
to
do
sth
有做某事的天赋be
gifted
in
对……有天赋2.
have
a
good
nose
for
对……敏感；很善于发现……have
a
taste
for
喜欢；对……感兴趣have
an
eye
for
对……有鉴赏眼光；很能鉴赏(或判断、辨别)；善于识别
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
用gift的相关短语完成句子
1.
她学语言有天赋。
She
_____________________________
learning
languages.
2.
据说那个年轻人有唱歌天赋。
It
is
said
that
the
young
man
_____________________________
singing.
【答案】
1.
is
gifted
in/has
a
gift
for
2.
is
gifted
in/has
a
gift
for
7.★mix
vt.&
v.
混合；调配；混淆，弄乱；n.
结合；混合；混合料。常见用法：
mix
A
and/with
B
把甲与乙混合起来
mix
sth
up
把某物混合；混淆某物
mix
sth
in/into
把某物掺进去
be/get
mixed
up
with
sth/sb
与某事有关；与某人混在一起
Oil
and
water
don’t
mix.
油和水不能混合。
The
chemist
mixed
up
some
medicine
for
me.
药剂师给我配了些药。
Oil
won’t
mix
with
water.
油不能和水混合。
【拓展延伸】
mixed
adj.
混合的，混合物mixture
n.
混合(物)；混合状态
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
1.
用mix的正确形式填空
①The
city
is
a
_____________
of
old
and
new
buildings.
②I
don’t
want
_____________
up
in
such
a
business.
③This
_____________
drink
tastes
tasty.
④Don’t
get
them
_____________,
or
it
will
be
terrible.
⑤With
_____________
feelings
on
mind,
she
doesn’t
know
what
to
do
next.
2.
完成句子
Miss
Xu
made
an
error
and
________________
someone
else’s!
徐老师出了差错，把我的成绩和别人的弄混了。
【答案】
1.
①mixture
②to
be
mixed
③mixed
④mixed
⑤mixed
2.
mixed
up
my
results
with
8.★confirm
vt.
(尤指通过提供证据)证实；证明；确定，确认；批准。常见用法：
confirm
sb
in
sth
使某人确信某事
confirm
sth/that...
证实……
confirm
whether...确认是否……
It
has
been
confirmed
that...已经确认……，已经证实……
Please
confirm
your
reservation.请确认您的预订。
This
confirm
her
in
her
dream.这坚定了她的梦想。
It
has
been
confi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rmed
that
all
had
passed
the
math
exam.已经证实所有的人数学考试都及格了。
【拓展延伸】
confirmed
adj.
确认的；惯常的confirmation
n.
证实，证明，确认
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
1.
单句填空
①Has
everyone
_____________
(confirm)
whether
they’re
coming
②It
has
_____________
that
we’ll
have
a
sports
meeting
next
week.
③Your
news
was
really
_____________
(confirm)
for
my
beliefs.
2.
完成句子
①The
latest
evidence
confirmed
me
_____________________
his
honesty.
最新的证据让我坚信他是诚实的。
②My
younger
broth
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er
will
confirm
______________________
I
have
told
you.
我弟弟将证实我跟你说过的话。
③________________________
the
meeting
will
take
place
next
week.
已经确定会议于下周召开。
【答案】
1.
①confirmed
②been
confirmed
③confirmation
2.
①in
②what
③It
has
been
confirmed
that
3.★distance
n.
距离；远方
v.
拉开距离；与……疏远。常见用法：
in
the
distance
在远方
at
a
distance
of…
在……远的地方
at/from
a
distance
离一段距离；遥远地；久远地
within
walking
distance
很近；几步之遥
keep
sb
at
a
distance
对某人冷淡；与某人疏远
keep
a/one’s
distance
from…
离……较远；对……冷淡
distance
oneself
from…
不介入……；与……疏远
It’s
not
always
e
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )asy
for
nurses
to
distance
themselves
emotionally.
对护士来说，使自己不动感情并非总是很容易。
The
time
we
spen
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
together
is
now
a
distant
memory.
我们一起度过的时光现已成为久远的记忆。
The
picture
looks
better
at
a
distance.
这幅画远距离看更好。
The
pigeon
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are
flying
home
from
a
distance
of
100
miles.
鸽子从100英里以外返回鸟巢。
【特别提醒】
＂a
distance
of+数字＂表示＂……的距离＂。
【拓展延伸】
distant
adj.
遥远的；疏远的，冷漠的be
distant
towards
sb对某人冷淡a
distant
relative
远房亲戚
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
1.
单句填空
①We
only
know
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
his
hometown
is
________________here,
but
don’t
know
the
exact
________________
(distant).
②Seen
________________,the
mountain
looks
like
a
huge
elephant.
③The
faces
of
fo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur
famous
American
presidents
on
Mount
Rushmore
can
be
seen
________________60
miles.
④Joey
often
dream
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
of
running
away
to
___________
(distance)
countries,
seeking
various
challenges
and
adventures.
2.
完成句子
①That
afternoon
we
saw
land
________
a
distance
of
10
miles
from
us.
那个下午我们看见了陆地，它离我们有10英里远。
②Do
you
tend
to
________________？
你倾向于与人保持距离吗？
【答案】
1.
①distant
from;
distance
②from
the
distance
③from
a
distance
of
④distant
2.
①at
②keep
people
at
a
distance
4.★impress
vt.
使印象深刻；使铭记。常见用法：
impress
sb
with…
使某人钦佩……；给某人留下深刻印象
be
impressed
with/by/at
对……留下深刻印象
impress
sth
on/upon
sb
使某人铭记某事
it
impresses
sb
that…
令人佩服的是……
My
father
impress
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed
on
me
the
importance
of
hard
work.
我父亲使我明白了努力工作的重要性。
His
parents
trie
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
to
impress
on
him
that
it
is
necessary
to
be
honest.
他父母尽力让他牢记诚实的必要性。
This
lesson
is
impressed
on
my
mind.
这个教训深印在我的脑海中。
I
was
greatly
impressed
by/with
the
headmaster’s
speech.
我铭记校长的话。
She
was
deeply
imp
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ressed
by/with
the
scenery
in
Guilin.
桂林的景色给她留下了深刻的印象。
【拓展延伸】
1.
impressio
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
n.
印象；感想make/leave/give
an
impression
on/upon
sb(给某人)留下好印象make/give/create
an
impression
on/upon…
给……制造一种印象have/get
the
impression
that…
有……的印象under
the
impression
that…
有……的印象2.
impressive
adj.
感人的；给人以深刻印象的 When
it
comes
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
job
interview,
first
impression
is
important.
当谈及求职面试时，第一印象很重要。 Her
elegant
appearance
made
an
impression
on
all
the
guests
from
different
countries.
她优雅的外表给来自各国的客人们留下了深刻印象。
【巧学妙记】
The
city
of
Hangzhou
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
is
really
an
impressive
place.
Especially,
the
famous
West
Lake
always
leaves
quite
an
impression
on
the
visitors.
I
was
strongly
impressed
by
its
beauty
the
first
time
I
saw
it.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
1.
单句语法填空
①The
film’s
special
effects
are
particularly
(impress).
②I
was
very
(impress)
by
the
efficiency
of
the
staff.
③The
book
left
a
deep
(impress)
on
him.
④I
think
it’s
im
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )portant
for
us
to
impress
visitors
a
nice- looking
office.
⑤The
design
was
impressed
the
cloth.
2.
完成句子
①我总是让孩子们铭记努力工作就会成功。
I
always
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the
children
that
if
they
worked
hard
they
would
succeed.
(impress)
②在非洲旅行期间，给我印象最深刻的是那里的野生动物。
mos
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
was
the
wildlife
there
while
I
was
visiting
Africa.
(impress)
③他们面对灾难的乐观态度给我留下了深刻的印象。
I
was
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )heir
optimistic
attitude
towards
the
disaster.(impress)
z
x.x.k
④这位新老师给学生留下了深刻的印象。
The
new
teacher
the
students.(impression)
⑤我还以为已经完工了呢。
I
was
that
the
work
had
already
been
completed.
(impression)
【答案】
1.
①impressive
②impressed
③impression
④with
⑤on
2.
①impressed
upon/on
②What
impressed
me
③deeply
impressed
by/with
④made/left
a
deep
impression
on
⑤under
the
impression
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
1.
★独立主格结构
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )It
is
so
wet
there
that
the
trees
are
extremely
tall,
some
measuring
over
90
metres.
那里气候非常湿润，所以树木长得非常高，有些高达90多米。(教材P34)
【句式分析】
some
measuring
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )over
90
metres是独立主格结构，作状语，进一步说明上文内容，相当于some
of
which
measure
over
90
metres或并列句and
some
of
them
measure
over
90
metres。
【语法重点】
独立主格结构
一、独立主格结构的概念
独立主格结构（Absolute
S
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tructure）是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主动、被动关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系，它的位置相当灵活，可置于句前、句末或句中，常由逗号将其与句子其他成分分开。需特别注意的是，独立主格结构与句子之间不能使用任何连接词。
二、独立主格结构基本构成形式
名词(代词)+现在分词（过去分词；形容词；副词；不定式；名词；介词短语）
1.
名词(代词)+现在分词(表示主动或正在进行)
There
being
no
bus,
we
had
to
walk
home.
由于没有公共汽车，我们只好走回家。
Leaves
falling
here
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
and
there,
I
suddenly
notice
autumn
is
drawing
upon.
树叶到处飘着，我一下子意识到秋天来临了。
2.
名词(代词)+过去分词(表示被动或已完成)
He
was
listenin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g
attentively
in
class,
his
eyes
fixed
on
the
blackboard.
他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。
His
dinner
eaten
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lone，Philip
walked
straight
into
the
library.
独自一个人吃完饭后，菲利普径直走进图书馆。
3.
名词(代词)+不定式(表示将要发生的动作)
在＂名词/代词+动词不定式＂结构中，动词
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )不定式和它前面的名词或代词如果存在着逻辑上的主动关系，动词不定式则用主动的形式；如果是被动关系，则用被动形式。
The
four
of
u
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
agreed
on
a
division
of
labor,
each
to
translate
a
quarter
of
the
book.
我们四人同意分工干，每人翻译全书的四分之一。
Many
trees,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
flowers,
and
grass
to
be
planted,
our
newly-built
school
will
look
even
more
beautiful.
种上许多的树、花和草后，我们新建的学校看上去将更美。
4.
名词(代词)+形容词(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)
Computers
very
small,
we
can
use
them
widely.
电脑虽小，我们却能广泛地利用它们。
5.
名词(代词)+副词(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)
The
lights
off,
we
could
not
go
on
with
the
work.
灯熄了，我们不能继续工作了。
6.
名词(代词)+名词(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)
Two
hundred
people
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )died
in
the
accident,
many
of
them
children.
两百人死于该事故，其中有许多儿童。
7.
名词(代词)
+介词短语(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)
Every
afternoon
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )very
old
woman
hobbled
past
the
old
house,
a
vast
load
of
firewood
on
her
back.
每天下午，一个背着一大捆柴禾的老妇人都会从那间破旧的房屋前蹒跚着走过。
【拓展延伸】
独立主格结构在语法上是一个独立的短语，
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )不是句子，相当于状语从句，可表示时间、原因、条件、行为、方式或伴随情况。其构成：名词(代词)
+
现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语。1.
作时间状语
The
meeting
over,
they
left
the
hall.2.
作原因状语
My
watch
having
been
lost,
I
didn’t
know
what
time
it
was.3.
作条件状语
Time
permitting,
I
shall
go
to
the
cinema
with
you.4.
描述伴随行为或补充说明
Mary
entered
the
room,
his
hands
in
his
pockets.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
用独立主格结构改写下列句子
1.
Because
he
is
ill,
we’ll
have
to
do
his
work.
___________________________________________________________________________________
2.
After
the
ceremony
was
over,
we
went
home
directly.
___________________________________________________________________________________
3.
When
George
yawned,
the
conversation
dropped.
___________________________________________________________________________________
4.
His
first
shot
was
a
failure
and
Dyke
fired
again.
___________________________________________________________________________________
5.
After
the
lectur
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
was
given,
a
lively
question-and-answer
session
followed.
___________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
1.
He
being
ill,
we’ll
have
to
do
his
work.
2.
The
ceremony
over,
we
went
home
directly.
3.
George
yawning,
the
conversation
dropped.
4.
His
first
shot
a
failure,
Dyke
fired
again.
5.
The
lectu
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re
having
been
given,
a
lively
question-and-answer
session
followed.
2.
★more…than
any
other
…
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Because
of
the
Great
Lakes,
they
learned,
Canada
has
more
fresh
water
than
any
other
country
in
the
world.
她们了解到由于五大湖，加拿大的淡水比世界上任何一个国家的都要多。(教材P34)
【句式分析】
本句中的more
fresh
water
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )han
any
other
country
in
the
world
是比较级的一个基本句式。它虽然是比较级的形式，但是却表达最高级含义。
【语法重点】
(1)
不同范围内比较，常用＂主语+动词+比较+than
any+单数名词＂
(2)
用比较级表示最高级，同一范围内比较时，常用：
比较级+
than
+
【特别提醒】
如果比较的主体不属于同一范围，则不能用other，else，rest等表示排除关系的词。
(3)
否定词和比较级连用表示最高级含义
他是班里最高的。
He
is
taller
than
anyone
else
in
his
class.
=
He
is
taller
than
any
of
the
other
students
in
his
class.
=
He
is
taller
than
any
other
student
in
his
class.
He
is
taller
than
any
boy
in
my
class
.他比我班上的任何一个男孩子都高。
【拓展延伸】
其他比较级表示最高级：1.
never
+
a
+
比较级
+
单数名词2.
否定词
+
比较级(
+
than…) I
can’
t
agree
more.
我再同意不过了。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
1.
完成句子
①I
have
never
seen
a
________
(glorious)sunrise.
我从来没有看过比这更壮观的日出。
②Nothing
in
my
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )life
shook
me
so
deeply
________
the
first
visit
to
China.
在我一生中给我震撼最大的是第一次到中国旅行。
③Shanghai
is
larger
than
________________
in
China.zx
xk
上海比中国其他任何一个城市都大。
2.
—Are
you
satisfied
with
what
she
has
done
—Not
a
little.
It
can’t
be
____________.
A.
any
worse
B.
any
better
C.
so
well
D.
so
bad
【答案】
1.
①more
glorious
②as
③any
other
city/all
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )other
cities/any
of
the
other
cities/the
rest
of
the
cities
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
3.
★not…until
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
They
were
not
leaving
for
Montreal
until
later,
so
they
went
on
a
tour
of
the
city.
她们要晚些时候才动身去蒙特利尔，因此就在多伦多市游览了一番。(教材P38)
【句式分析】
not…until为固定句式，意
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为＂直到……才＂。句中were
not
leaving为进行时态表示将来。另外，come,
go,
arrive,
see等动词常有此用法。
【重点语法】
not
…until表示＂直到……才＂，其用法如下：
(1)until引导时间状
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语从句，如果主句的谓语动词是延续性的，那么这个主句需用肯定式。若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的，则主句常用否定式，构成not...until...结构。
(2)在not...until...句型结构中，可以把not
until提到句首，句子用倒装语序。
(3)not
until引导的时间状语从句位于句首时，主句部分用倒装语序。
(4)not...until...句型的强调句式为：It’s
not
until...that...。
(5)not
until引导的状语从句用于It
is/was…that…句式中被强调时，主句不再用倒装语序。
It
didn’t
stop
raining
until
the
end
of
last
month.
在上月底之前，雨从未停止。
It
was
not
until
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )1911
that
the
first
of
the
vitamins
was
identified.
直到1911年才发现了第一种维生素。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
完成句子
1.
You
____________________(才知道)what
you
can
achieve
___________________
(尝试后).
2.
It
was
______________________(直到昨天)that
I
noticed
it.
3.
You’ll
not
achieve
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
your
goal
________
you
really
____________________
to
make
it.
直到你真正下定决心去做成一件事时，你才会实现你的目标。
【答案】
1.
don’t
know;
until
you
try
2.
not
until
yesterday
3.
until;
decide/make
up
your
mind
4.
★as
far
as
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )It’s
too
bad
you
can’t
go
as
far
as
Ottawa,
Canada’s
capital.
很可惜你们不能走到加拿大的首都渥太华。(教材P38)
【句式分析】
It’s
too
bad
y
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou
can’t
go
as
far
as
Ottawa中bad后省略了主语从句的连接词that，that仅起连接作用；Canada’s
capital与Ottawa是同位关系。as
far
as...在此表示＂远至……＂。
【重点语法】
as
far
as
有两种含义：
1.
直到……远，远到……
常用于as
far
as
the
eye
can
see/reach＂就视力所能及＂等；
2.
(表示程度，范围)就……
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )；据……；至于……
常用于as
far
as
sb
know(s)/tell(s)＂据某人所知＂，as
far
as
sb
be
concerned
＂就某人而言＂等结构中。
The
desert
continues
as
far
as
the
eye
can
see.
沙漠一直伸展到视线的尽头。
As
far
as
I’m
concerned,the
whole
idea
is
crazy.
依我之见，这整个想法真是荒诞至极。
【拓展延伸】
as
long
as
和……一样长
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )；只要as
many/much/little/few
as
和……一样多/少as...as
possible
尽可能地…… This
line
is
four
times
as
long
as
that
one.
这条线是那条线的四倍长。 As
long
as
you
ar
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
happy,
I’ll
do
whatever
you
ask
me
to
(do).
只要你高兴，你要我做什么我都愿意。 We
will
check
up
as
soon
as
possible
and
let
you
know
the
result.
我们将尽快进行调查，并把结果通知你。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
根据括号中所给汉语意思完成句子
1.
_______
_______
_______
_______
_______
(据我所知),
he
knew
nothing
about
it.
2.
You’ll
be
sent
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
_______
_______
_______
(远到)
the
mountain
area,
then
you
must
find
your
own
way.
3.
I’ll
help
_______
_______
_______
_______
_______
(尽我所能),
but
there
is
a
limit
to
what
I
can
do.
4.
_______
_______
_______
_______
_______
(对我个人来说),
you
can
do
what
you
like.
5.
We’
ll
go
by
tr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ain
______
______
______
(直到)
London,
and
then
take
a
bus.
【答案】
1.
As
far
as
I
know
2.
as
far
as
3.
as
much
as
I
can
4.
As
far
as
I’
m
concerned
5.
as
far
as
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
同位语从句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
一、定义
在复合句中作名词的同位语的从句叫同位语从句。同位语从句一般放在某些抽象名词的后面，用以解释或说明名词所表示的具体内容。
二、同位语从句的引导词
功能
例词
从属连词
只起连接作用，不充当从句中的任何成分。
that,
whether
连接代词
既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分(主语、宾语、表语或定语)。
who,
what,
whose,
which,
whoever,
whatever,
whichever
连接副词
既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分(状语)。
when,
where,
why,
how,
whenever,
wherever,
however
The
idea
tha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
computers
can
recognize
human
voices
surprises
many
people.
很多人对于电脑能够识别人的声音感到非常吃惊。
The
question
who
shou
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld
go
abroad
required
consideration.谁出国这个问题还要考虑。
I’ve
got
a
pretty
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )good
idea
why
they
quarrel
every
day.我很了解他们为什么天天吵架。
There
is
no
doubt
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at
the
prices
of
computers
will
go
down.
毫无疑问电脑的价格会下降。
They
usually
write
ex
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )act
instructions
how
the
music
is
to
be
played.他们通常还要为如何演奏他们的音乐而写出精确的说明。
I
have
no
idea
which
one
is
the
best.
我不知道哪一个最好。
The
question
where
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
we
should
have
the
sports
meeting
has
not
been
discussed.还没有决定好我们在哪里召开会议。
【特别注意】
1.
如同位语从句意义、结构完整，应用that引导同位语从句。(即that不充当任何成分，只起连接作用)
2.
如同位语从句意义不完整，结构完整，需增加＂是否＂的含义，应用whether引导同位语从句。(if不能引导同位语从句)。
3.
如同位语从句意义不
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )完整，需增加＂什么时候＂、＂什么地点＂、＂什么方式＂等含义，应用连接副词when,
where,
how等引导同位语从句。
4.
为了保持句子平衡，同位语从句和名词有时候会被别的词分隔开。
5.
若被同位语说明的名词是表示建议(
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )如advice,
suggestion,
proposal)、要求(如demand,
request,
requirement)、命令(如order)时，同位语从句中的谓语用＂should+动词原型＂。
He
made
the
suggestion
that
we
(should)
start
at
once.
他建议我们立即开始做。
Soon
we
recei
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ved
the
order
that
we
(should
)stop
fighting
at
once.
不久我们接到命令说立刻停止争斗。
【拓展延伸】
1.
whether可以引导同位语从句，if
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )不能。 I
have
no
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dea
whether
they
will
give
us
enough
help.
我不知道他们能否给我们足够的帮助。2.what在同位语从句中要作主语或宾语等成分，that不作成分。 I
have
no
idea
what
he
will
give
me.
我不知道他要给我什么。3.
advice,
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uggestion,
proposal,
request,
requirement,
decision,
order等表示命令、建议和要求的词后的同位语从句的谓语用＂should+do＂，should可以省略。 The
commander
gave
an
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
order
that
the
troops
(should)
advance
10
miles.
司令官下达命令让军队前进10英里。4.名词doubt(怀疑)后的同位语从句用whether
引导；no
doubt(不怀疑)后的同位语从句用that
引导。 We
have
some
doubt
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
whether
they
can
complete
the
task
on
time.
我们怀疑他们是否能按时完成任务。 We
have
no
doubt
that
they
can
complete
the
task
on
time.
我们毫不怀疑他们能按时完成任务。
【易混辨析】同位语从句/定语从句
1.
从句所修饰词的不同：
同位语从句所修饰的词通常是
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )少数一些表示抽象意义的名词，如belief,
doubt,
fact,
hope,
idea,
news,
possibility,
thought,
order,
suggestion,
wish,
answer,
information,
conclusion,
decision,
discovery,
knowledge,
law,
opinion,
problem,
promise,
proof,
question,
report,
truth,
risk
等。
定语从句的先行词可以指人、物等。
2.
连接词的作用不同：
连接同位语从句的that只起连接作用，不在从句中担任任何句子成分。whether
和
how
可以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句。
定语从句中的that既代替
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )先行词，同时在从句中作某个成分(主语或宾语)，而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当从句中的任何成分。
3.
从句作用的不同：
定语从句具有形容词或副词的特点，对先行词起修饰、限定作用，描述先行词的性质或特征，与先行词之间是所属关系。
同位语从句具有名词的特点，对中心词作进一步补充、解释，是中心词的具体内容。
The
news
that
our
tea
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m
has
won
the
game
was
true.
我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。
(同位语从句,
补充说明news到底是一个什么消息；that不可代替，一般不省略)
The
news
that
had
sp
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )read
all
over
the
world
made
the
man
famous.那个已经传遍全世界的消息使得那个人出名了。(定语从句,
news在从句中作had
spread的主语；引导定语从句时，that很多时候可以用which
/
who/whom等来代替，作宾语时可省略)
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
地点介绍类作文
介绍地点的说明文，它的写作顺序建议如下：
一、应介绍这个地方的地(地理位置)、面(面积，人口)、气(气候状况)、城(两个著名城市)、著(与众不同之处)。
二、写说明文，时态以现在时为主，人称以第三人称为主。
地点表达的常用句型要记好。如：
1.
地点状语+主句
/(历史)
(分词结构作状语)
Located
in…,
…is
a
city…with
a
history
of…
...lies
nearbehindin
front
ofby
the
side
of...betweenamong...
With
sp.
on/to
the
ea
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st/west/north
…borders
…
to
the
south
westeastsouth…
e.g.
China,
located/
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lying
in
the
east
of
Asia,
is
one
of
largest
countries
in
the
world,
with/bordering
Japan
to
the
east
and
Russia
on
the
north.
2.
面积+人口(with结构作定语)
…covers/takes
up
a
total
area
of
…with
a
population
of
…
…
is
a
city
with
a
population
of…
e.g.
(1)
Beijing,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
capital
of
China,
is
a
large
city
with
a
population
of
over
12,000,000.
(2)
Our
school,
wh
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ich
takes
up
63
thousand
square
kilometers,
is
very
large
in
size.
3.
气候特征(注意表示天气变化的形容词)
It
is
warm
(
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dry,
cold,
sunny,
rainy…)
all
the
seasons.
四季温暖(干燥、寒冷、阳光明媚、阴雨绵绵……)。
It’s
like
spring
all
the
year
round.
四季如春。
People
in
sp.
can
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )enjoy
typical
tropical
climate(典型的热带气候),
which
is
so
pleasant
that
every
year,
many
tourists
come
here
to
enjoy
the
beautiful
scenery,
among
which…is
the
most
popular.
The
average
temperature
ranges
between
23℃
and
39℃.
4.
著名/特殊之处
The
special
character
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
of
…
is
attracting
more
and
more
tourists
from
all
over
the
world.
e.g.
Guangzhou
is
ric
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h
in
traveling
resources,
such
as
the
famous
＂eight
scenery
of
Yang
Cheng＂.
【应试技巧】
1.
首先要认真审题。读懂题目所给信息，初步确定要点内容，并可用序号标出以免遗忘。
2.
列提纲，使要点条理化，统筹安排布局。
3.
勿要直译，需意译。尤其对看图情景作文要构建完整的故事结构，不可逐句罗列了事。
4.
要刻意把好语言关。要用自己最熟悉的句型结构和词语，力求条理清晰，语言准确。没有把握的词句不要写，确有把握的可以锦上添花。
5.
遇到一时想不起的词语，需变通。可以用同义词、近义词代替，也可以用否定词加反义词来表达，亦可变换句式。不可钻牛角尖，更不能生造词语。
6.
注意文章的长度。看具体内容而定，如果内容多应多用复杂句式，如果内容不多，为了达到词数应多用简单句式，并适当增补合理内容。
7.
注意保持卷面整洁，书写工整、清楚，书写的好坏会直接影响阅卷老师的情绪。
8.
最后注意复查全文。看内容要点有无遗漏，标点、格式、大小写、汉语拼音是否规范，是否有语病等。
