课件54张PPT。Module 5Cloning【文章导语】 The cloning technology develops so quickly that many impossible things become true;Dolly the sheep is an example.
克隆技术发展如此迅速使许多不可能的事成为现实;绵羊多莉就是一个例子。Dolly the sheep was the first mammal cloned using DNA taken from an adult cell.Previously,animals were only cloned using embryo cells which already had the potential to become a complete embryo in its own right.Some early evidence suggests that clones may have health problems and that they may age prematurely.Could a human clone be born?In the UK,human cloning is already banned by law.Some measures have also been taken to establish international agreements banning human clones.If human cloning is permitted,there is no guarantee that all the results will be controllable.Human cloning can possibly damage the future of humankind.During the process of cloning,many embryos are killed and scientists are not certain that the surviving embryos will develop normally.In human cloning all human beings would be identical,which means everyone would be at a risk of getting infected by diseases.
Do you enjoy reading science fiction?If so,have you ever read Frankenstein?How much do you know about it?Now let’s study it together.译文
绵羊多莉是第一个用从成熟细胞提取的DNA克隆出来的哺乳动物。以前动物只是使用已经有潜力靠自身努力成为一个完整胚胎的胚胎细胞被克隆。一些早期的证据表明克隆体可能会有健康问题并且可能会过早衰老。
克隆人会诞生吗?在英国,法律已经禁止人类克隆。也已采取一些措施制定国际协议来禁止克隆人类。如果
人类克隆是被允许的,不能保证所有结果都会可控。克隆人类可能会破坏人类的未来。在克隆的过程中,许多胚胎死亡,科学家也不确定幸存的胚胎会正常发展。在人类克隆领域,所有人将是相同的,这意味着每个人都将面临感染疾病的危险。
你喜欢读科幻小说吗?如果喜欢,那你读过《弗兰肯斯坦》吗?对于它你知道多少呢?现在让我们一起学习一下吧。典句欣赏
1.If human cloning is permitted,there is no guarantee that all the results will be controllable.
如果人类克隆是被允许的,不能保证所有结果都会可控。
2.Science is unpredictable.If I had known it,I would have found it before.
—Stephen Hawking
科学是不可预测的,如果我要是知道的话,我早就把它做出来了。
——斯蒂芬·霍金理解诱思
1.What is mentioned in this passage?
A.The cloning of a human is permitted in many countries.
B.There will be many advantages of the cloning of a human.
C.There are many uncertainties in the process of the cloning of a human.
D.People are in favour of the cloning of a human.
答案:C
2.The cloning of Dolly the sheep attracted public’s attention but arose a storm of objections.What’s your personal opinion about it?
答案:略Section Ⅰ Introduction,Vocabulary & Reading一二三一、词义匹配
A B
1.clone a.to kill sb.deliberately and illegally
2.terrify b.a strong human feeling such as love,hate or anger
3.chase c.to make sb.feel almost sick because of sth.unpleasant
4.disgust d.to produce an exact copy of an animal or a plant from its cell
5.emotion e.to quickly follow sth.or sb.in order to catch them
6.murder f.to make sb.feel extremely frightened
答案:1.—d,2.—f,3.—e,4.—c,5.—b,6.—a四五一二三二、猜词拼写
1. to say you won’t do sth.that you’re asked to do?
2. to compare two things in order to show the differences between them?
3. to move very quickly?
4. a very frightening dream?
5. unbelievable,hard to believe?refuse contrast rush nightmare incredible四五一二三三、词汇拓展
1.refuse→ n.拒绝?
2.gene→ adj. 基因的?
3.beneficial→ n./v.受益,好处?
4.breathe→ n. 呼吸?
5.imagine→ adj.虚构的?refusal genetic benefit breath imaginary 四五一二三四五四、阅读课文Frankenstein’s Monster,回答下列问题
1.Why does the scientist chase the creature to the Arctic?
A.Because the monster murdered the scientist’s three loved people.
B.Because the monster frightened many people to death.
C.Because the monster wanted to kill the scientist.
D.Because the scientist wanted to die with the monster.
2.Which word can be used to describe the scientist’s feeling after seeing the monster?
A.Excited. B.Regretful.
C.Satisfied. D.Astonished.答案:A答案:B一二三四五3.Why did Frankenstein wake shaking with fear?
A.Because he had terrible dreams.
B.Because the monster kept touching him.
C.Because the monster kept talking to him.
D.because he saw his dead wife.
4.Frankenstein wished he had not created the monster because he thought .?
A.the monster would kill him
B.he would bring people nightmares
C.he would bring the world disaster
D.the monster looked very ugly答案:A答案:D一二三四五五、完成下面的课文缩写
Frankenstein is a young scientist from Geneva,in Switzerland.While 1. at university,he discovers the secret of how to 2.____ life.Using bones from dead bodies,he creates a creature that 3._______ a human being and gives it life.The creature,which is very large and strong,and is also 4. ugly,5. anyone who sees it.He wishes he had not created this creature,and he wishes he could disappear!?studying create resembles extremely terrifies 一二三四五The monster was the ugliest thing that Frankenstein had ever seen! The beauty of the dream 6. ,and horror and 7._______ filled his heart.When the monster turned to look at Frankenstein,he felt unable to stay in the same room as him.He 8. out and for a long time he walked up and down his bedroom.At last he 9._______ himself on the bed in his clothes.When he woke,Frankenstein found the monster 10. by his bed.He ran out of the room,hid in the garden and stayed there till morning.He wished he had not done the terrible thing.But it was too late.?vanished disgust rushed threw standing 12345678910The creature,which is very large and strong,and is also extremely ugly,terrifies anyone who sees it.(教材第58页)
那个怪物非常高大、强壮,并且极其丑陋,所有的人见了它都感到害怕。
★考点 terrify v. 使惊恐,使受惊吓
①The thunderstorm terrified the child.
雷雨把那个小孩吓坏了。
②The animals were terrified by the storm.
动物被暴风雨吓坏了。12345678910考点延伸?
(1)阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的词性及含义
①They were terrified when they heard that the lion had got out of its cage.
词性 形容词 含义 感到害怕的
②This movie is,by turns,terrifying and very funny.
词性 形容词 含义 令人害怕的
③The terrorist demanded money from the child’s parents.
词性 名词 含义 恐怖分子
温馨提示表情绪变化的动词的-ed结构,常修饰人或者有人所发出的动作、表情、声音等,意为“感到……”;而-ing结构常修饰事物,意为“令人……”。有这类用法的词还有:surprise,excite,interest,appoint,astonish,tire,relax,bore等。12345678910(2)阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的搭配及意义
①She was terrified of snakes.
搭配 be terrified of 意义 害怕……?
②He terrified the boy into telling a lie.
搭配 terrify sb. into doing sth. 意义 威胁某人做某事?
③The girl was terrified out of her wits.
搭配 be terrified out of one’s wits 意义 吓得魂不附体?12345678910(4)People are often terrify by the noise.
答案:(1)were terrified (2)terrifying;with (3)terrified→terrifying (4)terrify→terrified12345678910When Frankenstein refuses to create a wife for him,the monster murders Frankenstein’s brother,his best friend Clerval,and finally,Frankenstein’s new wife Elizabeth.(教材第58页)
当弗兰肯斯坦拒绝为他造一个妻子后,怪物杀害了弗兰肯斯坦的兄弟和他最好的朋友克莱瓦尔,最后,还杀死了弗兰肯斯坦的新婚妻子伊丽莎白。
★考点 refuse v.拒绝
①He offered to help me,but I refused his kindness.
他主动提出要帮我,但我拒绝了他的好意。
②She refuses to watch such a terrifying TV play.
她拒绝看如此恐怖的电视剧。12345678910考点延伸?
辨析:refuse,decline,object与reject
refuse指坚决、果断或坦率地“拒绝”。
decline指比较正式地、有礼貌地“谢绝”。
object“反对(某人或某事)”,本身为不及物动词,后接介词to,后面可以接名词或动词-ing形式。12345678910reject以否定、敌对的态度“当面拒绝”。
①The hospital refused to offer medical help to the homeless.
医院拒绝向无家可归的人提供医疗救助。
②We declined their invitation.
我们婉言谢绝了他们的邀请。
③I don’t object to the children going with us.
我不反对孩子们和我们一起去。
④The request of being equally paid by the workers has been rejected by the managers.
工人提出的同工同酬的要求遭到了管理者的拒绝。12345678910单句改错
(4)He refused going there.
?
答案:(1)declined (2)object (3)can’t refuse (4)going→to go12345678910The scientist chases the creature to the Arctic in order to destroy him,but he dies there.(教材第58页)
这个科学家(弗兰肯斯坦)追赶这个怪物到北极,希望杀死他,但他本人却死在了那儿。
★考点 chase vt.追逐,追赶,追踪
Dogs like to chase rabbits.
狗喜欢追赶兔子。12345678910考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的搭配及意义
①I’ve been chasing around town all morning looking for a present for Sharon.
搭配 chase around 意义 急奔,急赶?
②The huntsmen rode fast,chasing after the fox.
搭配 chase after 意义 追捕,跑步追上?
③The dog ran into the garden and chased the birds away.
搭配 chase...away 意义 把……赶走;驱逐
④She chased the children out of the kitchen.
搭配 chase...out of 意义 将……从……赶出去?
⑤The police have been trying to chase up the dead man’s sister,but they have no idea where she lives.
搭配 chase up 意义 追寻,追查?1234567891012345678910My candle was almost burnt out...(教材第59页)
我的蜡烛几乎燃尽了……
★考点 burn out(火)燃尽,烧完自灭
That fire had burnt out before the fire engines arrived.
消防车到达之前火就熄灭了。12345678910考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的搭配及意义
①The skin on his foot was burnt away.
搭配 burn away 意义 烧掉?
②The building was burnt down.
搭配 burn down 意义 把……焚为平地?
③Put more wood on the fire to make it burn up.
搭配 burn up 意义 烧得更旺?
④Her words made his heart burn with frustration.
搭配 burn with 意义 被……充满?
⑤He has been burning for a chance to visit Beijing.
搭配 burn for 意义 希望获得;渴望?1234567891012345678910It breathed hard,and moved its arms and legs.(教材第59页)
它喘着粗气,扭动着四肢。
★考点 breathe v. 呼吸
It’s healthy to breathe deeply.
深呼吸有益于健康。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的搭配及意义
①The doctor told me to breathe in and then breathe out slowly.
搭配 breathe in 意义 吸气?
搭配 breathe out 意义 呼气?
②Reaching the top of the tower,he was out of breath.
搭配 out of breath 意义 气喘吁吁;上气不接下气?12345678910③We held our breath in excitement.
搭配 hold one’s breath 意义 屏住呼吸?
④The beautiful view from the top of the mountain took my breath away.
搭配 take one’s breath away 意义 使某人目瞪口呆;使大吃一惊?
breathe in/out 吸气/呼气
out of breath 气喘吁吁
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
take one’s breath away 使某人目瞪口呆1234567891012345678910His hair was black and his teeth were white.But these things contrasted horribly with his yellow eyes,his wrinkled yellow skin and black lips.(教材第59页)
他的头发是黑色的,牙齿是白色的,但这些却与他的黄眼睛、黑嘴唇以及皱巴巴的黄色皮肤形成了骇人的对比。
★考点 contrast v.&n.对照
The writer contrasts good with evil.
作家使美好与邪恶形成对照。12345678910考点延伸?
(1)阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的搭配及意义
①Her actions contrasted sharply with her promises.
搭配 contrast with 意义 与……相比?
②Black is a contrast to/with white.
搭配 be a contrast to/with 意义 和……成对比?
③The private sector,by contrast,has plenty of money to spend.
搭配 by contrast 意义 相比之下?
④In contrast with her sister,she is very tall.
搭配 in contrast with 意义 与……相比?12345678910(2)辨析:compare与contrast
compare常指为了找出两种事物或现象的异同点而进行比较,compare...to...“把……比作……”。
contrast指两者之间的“对照,对比”,着重指通过两种事物或现象的对比,突出地指出它们的不同。
①It is interesting to compare their situations and ours.
把他们的状况与我们的相比很有意思。
②Her actions and her promises contrasted sharply.
她的行动与她的诺言相差甚远。123456789101234567891012345678910But now I had finished,the beauty of the dream vanished,and horror and disgust filled my heart.(教材第59页)
现在我已经完成了创作,但梦想中的美丽已荡然无存,恐怖和厌恶充斥着我的心灵。
★考点 disgust v. 使觉得恶心;使厌烦
①The smell of the fish disgusted me.
鱼腥味使我觉得恶心。
②His crudeness disgusted her.
他的粗野令她厌烦。12345678910考点延伸?
(1)阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的词性及含义
①The smell filled me with disgust.
词性 名词 含义 厌恶,反感
②The bad fish had a disgusting smell.
词性 形容词 含义 令人作呕的
③I’m sickened and disgusted.
词性 形容词 含义 厌恶的,厌烦的
(2)阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的搭配及意义
①To my disgust,they refused to help.
搭配 to one’s disgust 意义 令某人反感的是?
②He returned downstairs in disgust.
搭配 in/with disgust 意义 厌恶地?
③I’m disgusted with what she said.
搭配 be disgusted with/at 意义 对……感到恶心?1234567891012345678910At last I threw myself on the bed in my clothes,trying to find a few moments of sleep.(教材第59页)
最后,我和衣倒在床上,试图睡一会儿。
★考点 throw oneself on 扑倒在……上
He tried to catch the butterfly,but threw himself on the ground.
他想抓住那只蝴蝶,但扑倒在地上了。12345678910考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的搭配及意义
①You can never throw yourself on that fellow.
搭配 throw oneself on 意义 依赖,将自己托付给?
②Don’t throw waste paper about.
搭配 throw about 意义 到处扔?
③The child threw all the old toys aside.
搭配 throw aside 意义 把……扔在一边?
④Don’t throw those magazines away.I haven’t read them yet.
搭配 throw away 意义 丢弃?1234567891012345678910I woke,shaking with fear.At that same moment,I saw the creature that I had created.(教材第59页)
我浑身战栗着吓醒了。就在那一刻,我看见了我创造出来的怪物。
★考点 fear n.害怕,恐惧 v.害怕,畏惧
①Her heart was filled with fear when she heard of it.
她听到这件事时,心里充满了恐惧。
②She fears to speak in public.
她害怕在公众场合讲话。12345678910考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的搭配及意义
①All mothers fear for their children when they travel far.
搭配 fear for 意义 担心……的安全?
②The thief passed the day in fear of discovery.
搭配 in fear of 意义 怕……,为……提心吊胆?
③For fear of disturbing others she spoke in a low voice.
搭配 for fear of 意义 为了避免,害怕?
④We spoke in whispers for fear that we might wake the baby.
搭配 for fear that 意义 唯恐,生怕?12345678910(2)海伦不想起床,生怕吵醒她的丈夫。
Helen didn’t want to get out of bed, waking her husband.?
(3)小男孩害怕晚上单独外出。
Little boys alone at night.?
答案:(1)full of fear (2)for fear of (3)fear to go out12345678910I hid in the garden and stayed there till morning,terrified by what I had done.Again and again I thought,“I wish I had not done this terrible thing,I wish I was dead!” (教材第59页)
由于为我做过的事情感到害怕,我藏在花园,一直待到天亮。我一遍又一遍地想:“但愿我没有做这可怕的事,但愿我死了!”
剖析(1)terrified by what I had done为过去分词短语作原因状语。what引导一个宾语从句。
(2)I wish I had not done this terrible thing,I wish I was dead运用了虚拟语气,表达与过去事实相反的愿望,从句中用过去完成时。
★考点 again and again一再,屡次
Don’t make the same mistake again and again.
不要一次次犯相同的错误。12345678910考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,体会黑体部分的意义
①Once again,the car refused to start.
意义 再一次
②The engineer explained the main points of the technical problem (all) over again.
意义 再一次,重新,重复
③The couple quarrelled now and again.
意义 常常,不时地
④I’ve warned you over and over again not to do that.
意义 一再,多次,反复12345678910答案:(1)again and again
(2)The teacher put stress on the importance of the exam again and again.
(3)How I wish I had taken my parents’ advice when I was young!一二三一、写作词汇检测
用所学的单词完成或翻译下列句子。
1.terrify
(1)The thought of flying him so much that he decided to go by ship.?
(2)她的突然出现吓了我们一跳。
答案:(1)terrified (2)We were terrified at her sudden appearance.
2.disgust
(1)I’m totally with the way you treat your parents.?
(2)令我恶心的是,不时地有苍蝇落在饭菜上。
答案:(1)disgusted (2)To my disgust,there are flies landing on the dishes occasionally.一二三3.contrast
(1)It’s interesting to the British legal system with the American one.?
(2)相比之下,我们的系统显得过时了。
答案:(1)contrast (2)Our system seems old-fashioned by contrast.
用所学短语造句。
4.burn out
答案:If you don’t stop working so hard,you’ll burn yourself out.(你要是继续这样拼命工作,会累垮的。)一二三5.be beneficial to
答案:Taking proper exercise is beneficial to our health.(适当的锻炼对我们的身体健康有利。)
6.cure sb.of...
答案:Nothing cured him of his nervousness.(什么也不能治愈他的紧张。)一二三二、阅读词汇检测
阅读下列句子,说出黑体词的含义。
1.His wrinkled yellow skin is terrifying.
含义 ?
答案:布满皱纹的
2.The ugly monster should have human emotions.
含义 ?
答案:感情
3.The whole nightmare made me upset.
含义 ?
答案:噩梦一二三4.He murdered his fiancée after a quarrel.
含义 ; ?
答案:谋杀;未婚妻
5.They are twins,so they are almost identical in every way.
含义 ?
答案:和……一样一二三三、用介词填空
1.Have you got any money you??
答案:on
2.Tom must have taken your dictionary mistake.?
答案:by
3.The cure stress lies in relaxation.?
答案:for
4.Teachers,like a candle,burn themselves to give light to others.?
答案:out
5.The snow is icy and white,contrasting the brilliant blue sky.?
答案:with课件28张PPT。Section Ⅱ Grammar一二三一、观察下列句子并填空
(1)I wish I could fly.
(2)They wish they would travel in a spaceship.
(3)I wish I had not created this creature.
剖析以上三个句子wish的宾语从句中都用了虚拟语气。其中,第一句中宾语从句的谓语动词为 ,是对 不可能实现的愿望的虚拟;第二句中宾语从句的谓语动词为 ,是对 不可能实现的愿望的虚拟;第三句中宾语从句的谓语动词为 ,是对 不可能实现的愿望的虚拟。?could fly 目前would travel将来had not created过去一二三二、翻译下列句子,判断黑体部分的构成
1.If all places were same,there would be little need for geographers.
翻译: 。?
主句谓语构成 ,从句谓语构成 ?
2.Even if I had the money,I wouldn’t buy it.
翻译: 。?
主句谓语构成 ,从句谓语构成 ?
答案:如果所有地方都一样,就不需要地理学家了;would be;were 答案:即使我有钱也不会买它;wouldn’t buy;had 一二三3.If the teacher knew it,he would be angry.
翻译: 。?
主句谓语构成 ,从句谓语构成 ?
4.I wouldn’t lose courage even if I should fail again.
翻译: 。?
主句谓语构成 ,从句谓语构成 ?答案:万一老师知道了这事,他会生气的;would be;knew 答案:即使再次失败我也不会气馁;wouldn’t lose;should fail 一二三三、语法填空(用动词的适当形式填空)
1.She feels very lonely in that school.If she (make)more friends,she (not be) so lonely.?
2.I didn’t think about it carefully enough.I wish I _______________ (think) more carefully.?
3.He murdered the people I love most.I wish he_________________ (not kill) them.?
4.He looks so ugly.I wish he (not be) ugly.?
5.She looks as if she (be) ten years younger.?made would not be had thought had not killed were not were12In Sentence A,“I’d” means...(教材第62页)
在句A中“I’d”的意思是……
★考点 mean v.意思是
“Quake” means “to shake”.
“Quake”的意思是“震动”。12考点延伸?
(1)阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的词性及含义
①What does “evidence” mean?
词性 动词 含义 意思是
②I mean to call on you tomorrow.
词性 动词 含义 打算
③Becoming a millionaire didn’t mean an end to his money worries.
词性 动词 含义 意味着
④That was a mean trick!
词性 形容词 含义 卑劣的12(2)means为mean的第三人称单数形式,同时means也可作名词,意为“手段,方法,财产”
①Television is an effective means of communication.
电视是一种有效的通信手段。
②He got rich by devious means.他不择手段大发横财。
③He did not have the means to compensate her.
他没有钱来补偿她。
归纳 类似means这种单复数同形的词还有:sheep(绵羊);deer(鹿); Chinese(中国人);Japanese(日本人); Swiss(瑞士人);aircraft(飞行器);series(系列);works(著作);crossroads(十字路口);species(种类)。12(3)阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的搭配及意义
①Success means working hard.
搭配 mean doing 意义 意味着?
②What do you mean to do with it?
搭配 mean to do 意义 打算做某事?
③We express our thoughts by means of words.
搭配 by means of 意义 依靠,通过?
④This plan must be realized by all means.
搭配 by all means 意义 无论如何,千方百计地?
⑤I’m by no means happy about his work.
搭配 by no means 意义 绝不,一点也不?1212Grammar:Subjunctive(1)
★考点一 在动词wish后的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气,表示不可能实现的愿望。
①I wish I were as tall as you.我希望和你一样高。
②I wish it would rain tomorrow.
我希望明天下雨就好了。
考点延伸?
(1)表示目前不可能实现的愿望时,从句中的谓语动词用过去式(be动词常用were)
①I wish I were not so busy.但愿我不这么忙碌。
②I wish it were spring all year round.
我希望四季如春。
③I wish I knew what was going to happen.
我希望我知道要发生什么事。12(2)表示过去不可能实现的愿望时,从句中谓语动词用had+动词的过去分词
①She wished she had stayed at home.
她当时要是待在家里就好了。
②I wish I hadn’t spent so much money.
我要是那时没有花掉那么多钱就好了。
(3)表示将来不可能实现的愿望时,从句中谓语动词用would/could+动词原形
①I wish you wouldn’t smoke any more.
我希望你不要再抽烟了。
②I wish that someday I could live on the moon.
我希望以后有一天能住到月球上。12(4)注意:①wish后的宾语从句的时态只与从句所指的时间有关,而与wish的时态无关。
②有时为了强调现在状态下能发生某种情况或进行某个动作,从句中的动词也可用过去进行时。
I wish it wasn’t raining.
要是天不下雨就好了。1212★考点二 非真实条件句中的虚拟语气
【高考典句】(2016·全国高考乙)If it weren’t for Rachel Carson,the environmental movement might not exist today.
要不是Rachel Carson,环保运动今天可能就不复存在了。
考点延伸?
(1)表示与现在事实相反的情况时,主句构成:主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形;从句构成:If+主语+动词的过去式(be动词常用were)
①If she knew English,she would not ask me for help.
如果她懂英语的话,她不会找我帮忙的。
②I am sorry I am very busy now.If I had time,I would certainly come to see you.
很抱歉,我现在很忙。如果有时间,我一定去看你了。12③If it weren’t for their support,we would be in a difficult situation now.
要不是有他们的支持,我们现在的处境会很困难。
(2)表示与将来事实相反的情况时,主句构成:主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形
从句构成有三种形式,分别是:
If+主语+动词的过去式;
If+主语+were to+动词原形;
If+主语+should+动词原形。12①If you came/should come/were to come tomorrow,we would have the meeting.
如果你明天来,我们就举行会议。
② If the teacher knew/should know/were to know it,he would be angry.
如果老师知道了这事,他会生气的。
③If you were to succeed,everything would be all right.
如果你成功的话,一切都会好起来的。1212★考点三 虚拟语气的其他常见用法
①The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.
老师建议我们下课后把黑板擦了。
②It’s natural that she (should) do so.她这样做是很自然的。
考点延伸?
(1)当主句的谓语动词为表示命令、建议、要求的动词,如insist,order,demand,suggest,advise,propose,recommend,demand,require,request,desire等时,其后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气,谓语动词为“(should+)动词原形”12①I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
我建议下周我们开会。
②They insisted that the boy (should) go with them.
他们坚决要求这个男孩和他们一起去。
③He ordered that all (should) take part in the work.
他下令所有的人都要参与这项工作。
(2)“It is desired/suggested/proposed/necessary/important/strange/natural/a pity...+that...”中的从句谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”
①It was necessary that we (should) make everything ready ahead of time.
我们有必要提前做好一切准备。
②It’s important that we (should) take good care of the patient.
重要的是我们要照顾好病人。12(3)在advice,suggestion,proposal,order,idea,request等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气,其构成是“(should+)动词原形”
①His advice is that we (should) leave at once.
他的建议是我们应马上离开。
②I make a proposal that we (should) go out for a walk this afternoon.
我建议我们下午出去散步。
(4)在句型“It is (high) time+(that)从句”中,从句中要用虚拟语气。从句谓语动词用过去式,表示“现在该做某事了”
①It is high time that the children went to bed.
到了孩子们睡觉的时间了。
②It is high time that we put an end to this discussion.
现在是我们结束讲座的时候了。12(5)would rather后接的从句用虚拟语气叙述现在或将来的事情时,从句谓语动词用过去式;叙述过去的事情,表达实际上并未发生的愿望时,从句用过去完成时
①I’d rather you went home now.
我宁愿让你现在就回家。
②I would rather he had come yesterday.
我宁愿他昨天来过。
(6)由as if和as though等引导的状语从句表示方式时,意思是“好像”,这时从句中常用虚拟语气。其从句的谓语动词用过去式(be用were的形式)表示所说的与现在的事实相反,用过去完成时表示所说的与过去的事实相反①The teacher treats the pupil as if he were her own child.
那位老师对待那个学生就像对待自己的孩子一样。
②I felt as though we had known each other for years.
我感觉我们好像认识多年了。
注意:如果说话人讲的事与事实相符,as if引导的从句中用陈述语气。
It looks as if it’s going to rain.看起来要下雨了。
(7)If only...表示“要是……就好了”。表示对现在或将来的愿望经常用过去式;表示与过去事实相反的愿望用过去完成时;表示与将来事实相反的愿望用would do
①If only I had taken her advice last week.
如果上星期我听从她的建议就好了。
②If only you were here tonight.如果今晚你在这里就好了。
③If only I would go swimming tomorrow with you.
要是明天我能跟你去游泳就好了。121212(11)George is going to talk about the geography of his country,but I’d rather he (focus) more on its culture.?12答案:(1)had not been (2)wouldn’t have fallen (3)would have been injured (4)would be (5)Were (6)had been (7)stayed (8)had caught (9)(should) eat (10)(should)be (11)focused一二一、单句改错
1.If he had taken your advice,he would pass the driving test.
答案:pass→have passed
2.Without electricity,we would have lived a hard life.
答案:have lived→live
3.I wish I am ten years younger.
答案:am→were
4.Were it to rain,he will call off the trip.
答案:will→would一二二、词义匹配
A B
1.on the contrary a.clearly
2.That’s all right. b.to keep existing or happening without stopping
3.incredible c.to say it in another way
4.continue d.unbelievable
5.obviously e.quite the opposite
6.in other words f.ideas,statements or beliefs that you think are ridiculous or not true
7.nonsense g.Never mind.
答案:1.—e,2.—g,3.—d,4.—b,5.—a,6.—c,7.—f课件33张PPT。Section Ⅲ Integrating Skills一二三四五一、单词识记
1. v. to travel or go somewhere with sb.?
2. v. to take in liquid,gas,or other substance from the surface or space around?
3. n. a small amount or example of sth.that can be looked at to see what it is like?
4. adj. not broken,damaged,or spoiled?
5. v. to happen;to start to exist?
6. n. behaviour that is intended to hurt other people physically?accompany absorb sample intact arise violence 一二三四五7. v. to force an amount of liquid out of one’s mouth?
8. n. a person who the police think may be guilty of a crime?
9. v. to refuse to accept sth. and try to stop it from happening?
10. adj. an object or material can be bent easily without breaking?spit suspect resist flexible 一二三四五二、短语互译
A.温故:从课文中找出与下列短语相对应的英文。
1.处于压力下 ?
2.与……相矛盾 ?
3.依靠,依赖 ?
4.据我们所知 ?
5.切断 ?
6.取代,代替 ?under the pressure be contradictory to rely on as far as we knowcut out instead of一二三四五B.知新:从课文中找出下列短语,并写出它们的汉语意思。
1.recover from ?
2.treat...as... ?
3.a sequence of ?
4.(be)accompanied by ?
5.as follows ?
6.knock out ?
7.get out of control ?
8.break down ?从……康复过来把……当成……对待一系列的在……陪同下如下摧毁摆脱控制分解一二三四五三、阅读课文Cloning and DNA,判断正(T)误(F)
1.The science of genetics and cloning is recent.( )
2.Cloning can make a new individual out of a single cell.( )
3.A clone has its advantages and disadvantages.( )
4.Stem sells can be used to solve crimes.( )
5.To rely on a few cloned animals or crops would enrich the biodiversity of the breed.( )F TTF F 一二三四五四、阅读课文Jurassic Park—Scientific Fact or Hollywood Fiction?,判断正(T)误(F)
1.The dinosaurs died out before the mosquitoes.( )
2.Jurassic Park is only fiction.( )
3.There are still proper conditions for dinosaurs to exist today.( )
4.Cloning dinosaurs is possible.( )TTF F 一二三四五五、阅读课文Brave New World,回答下列各题
1.In Brave New World,which of the following types of clones are leaders of society?
A.Betas. B.Epsilons.
C.Alphas. D.Alphas and Betas.
2.It seems that people in Brave New World .?
A.love their nation very much
B.hate their nation very much
C.don’t have any feelings
D.are satisfied with their own positions答案:C答案:D一二三四五3.How does the government control the society?
A.By teaching them what to like or dislike and giving them drugs to make them happy.
B.By dividing the whole society into five classes.
C.By giving equal rights to the five types of people.
D.By strong and cruel methods.
答案:A12345We could use cloning to cure illnesses.(教材第61页)
我们也许能够利用克隆来治病。
★考点 cure v. 治愈
①I hope this kind of medicine could cure your headache.
我希望这种药能治你的头痛。
②The fresh air of the countryside cured him of his illness.
乡下的新鲜空气治好了他的病。12345考点延伸?
(1)阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的搭配及意义
The doctor said he could cure you of your illness.
搭配 cure sb.of... 意义 治愈某人……?
归纳 动词与of的搭配结构:
suspect sb.of (doing)sth.怀疑某人(做过)某事
accuse sb.of sth.指控某人某事
rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物
inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事
warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事
remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事12345(2)辨析:cure,treat与heal
cure v.治愈,消除(疾病等)。强调结果,主语可以是医生,也可以是某种药。cure n.治愈,治疗;药(剂)。
treat v.治疗,对待,款待。强调过程,指通过药物,特别的食品或运动治疗病人或治病,不强调结果。treatment n.治疗,对待,待遇
heal v.可以作及物和不及物动词。作及物动词的意思是“治愈,使恢复健康”,作不及物动词的意思是“伤口愈合或者复原”,主要指医疗外伤,也可用于比喻,指矛盾、分歧等。healing n.康复,痊愈。
①This new medicine soon cured my cold.
这种新药很快治好了我的感冒。
②Which doctor is going to treat him for his illness?
哪个医生将给他治疗?
③This will help to heal your cuts and scratches.
这个会有助于治好你的割伤和擦伤。1234512345But an Einstein clone might choose a path in life which is contradictory to the one the original Einstein chose.(教材第64页)
但是克隆出来的爱因斯坦或许会选择一条与“原版”爱因斯坦截然相反的生活道路。
★考点 contradictory adj.互相矛盾的,相反的,对立的
We must avoid contradictory arguments between our consciences and rules that demand us to act ethically.
我们必须避免我们的良心和要求我们按伦理行事的规则之间的矛盾冲突。12345考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的词性及含义
①As contradictory as this sounds,I have first-hand experience of its truth.
词性 形容词 含义 互相矛盾的
②She dared not contradict him.
词性 动词 含义 反驳
③He laid special stress on analyzing the particularity of the contradiction.
词性 名词 含义 矛盾1234512345A fourth reason for cloning is that some scientists and farmers think it would be handy to clone,for example,a prize cow which can resist bacteria or disease,or to sow a cloned crop which can resist rot or pests.(教材第65页)
进行克隆的第四个原因是,有些科学家和农场主认为,克隆非常方便实惠,比如:克隆能够抵御细菌或疾病的优选奶牛,种植能够抵抗枯病或虫害的克隆作物。
★考点 resist v. 抵抗;对抗;耐得住,忍耐
The small nation was unable to resist the invasion.
小国无力抵抗侵略。12345考点延伸?
(1)阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的词性及含义
①I couldn’t resist playing a trick on Tom.
词性 动词 含义 耐得住
②Where there is oppression there is resistance.
词性 名词 含义 反抗
③Some people are very resistant to the exercise.
词性 形容词 含义 抵触的
(2)阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的搭配及意义
①He found it hard to resist buying these books.
搭配 resist doing... 意义 抵制做某事……?
②There has been a lot of resistance to this new law.
搭配 resistance to... 意义 反对,抵制?1234512345Thirdly,dinosaur DNA would not be intact after the long period of time since their extinction.When life ends,DNA breaks down and does not repair itself.(教材第67页)
第三,恐龙的DNA自从它们灭绝以来的很长一段时间都不是完整的。当生命结束后,DNA分解并且不能自我修复。
★考点 break down分解
Sugar and starch are broken down in the stomach.
糖与淀粉在胃中被分解。12345考点延伸?
(1)阅读下列句子,体会黑体部分的意义
①Our truck broke down outside town.
意义 (机器或车辆)出故障
②Her health broke down under the pressure of work.
意义 被搞垮
③He broke down and wept when he heard the news.
意义 情不自禁哭起来
④Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.
意义 使分解(为)12345(2)阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的搭配及意义
①Last night a thief broke in and stole away his camera.
搭配 break in 意义 破门而入 ?
②Hearing the sad news,the old woman broke into tears.
搭配 break into 意义 突然开始?
③When did the war break out?
搭配 break out 意义 爆发?
④You’d better break away from the habit of smoking.
搭配 break away from 意义 放弃?
⑤Civil war would come if the country broke up.
搭配 break up 意义 分裂?1234512345Many questions also arise in the cloning of dinosaurs.(教材第67页)
克隆恐龙的过程中也会产生许多问题。
★考点 arise v.(问题、困难等)发生,出现
Accidents often arise from carelessness.
事故往往起因于粗心。12345考点延伸?
辨析:arise,rise,raise与arouse
arise不及物动词,过去式arose,过去分词arisen。没有“上升”之意,多指“产生,发生和出现”,常用于抽象事物。
rise不及物动词,过去式rose,过去分词risen。使用范围广,既用于具体事物的“上升,增长”,又用于抽象事物的“上涨”。
raise及物动词,过去式raised,过去分词raised。与以上两词不同的是,此词是及物动词,表示把某具体事物抬起或提高某抽象事物,词义有“提高;举起;提出;筹款;抚养;饲养等”。
arouse不及物动词,过去式aroused,过去分词aroused。意为“激起,唤醒;使……奋发”,可用于被动语态。12345①The sun rises in the east.
太阳从东方升起。
②The river has risen by several meters.
河水上涨了好几米。
③Problems arose from the outset.
一开始就产生了很多问题。
④The boss promised to raise her salary.
老板答应要给她加薪水。
⑤He was aroused from his sleep by the doorbell.
门铃声把他从睡眠中唤醒了。12345(2)His salary was to 2,000 dollars a year.?
(3)House prices have sharply in recent years.?
(4)The lecture my interest.?
答案:(1)arisen (2)raised (3)risen (4)aroused一二三一、写作词汇检测
用所学的单词完成或翻译下列句子。
1.accompany
(1)Visitors must be by club members during their visit.?
(2)她陪同朋友去听了音乐会。
答案:(1)accompanied
(2)She accompanied her friends to the concert.
2.obsorb
(1)The student in the games didn’t notice his teacher behind him.?
(2)一下子很难吸收这么多信息。
答案:(1)absorbed
(2)It’s hard to absorb so much information at once.一二三3.arise
(1)The meeting will discuss any matters from the recent change in the law.?
(2)夜间暴风雨大作。
答案:(1)arising
(2)A storm arose during the night.
用所学短语造句。
4.resist doing
答案:She can’t resist buying new clothes.(她抵挡不住买新衣服的诱惑。)一二三5.break down
答案:Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.(人体中的化学物质把食物分解成有用的物质。)
6.bring...back to life
答案:It was the doctor who brought the unconscious patient back to life.(是这位医生让那个无知觉的病人复活了。)一二三二、阅读词汇检测
阅读下列句子,说出黑体词的含义。
1.Your working hours are flexible.
含义 ?
答案:灵活的
2.The contract you’ve signed is valid.
含义 ?
答案:有效的
3.The traffic regulations are strict.
含义 ?
答案:规则一二三4.Let’s analyse the reason why the bridge fell down.
含义 ?
答案:分析
5.He was suspected of a theft.
含义 ?
答案:怀疑
6.These summer courses are optional,not compulsory.
含义 ; ?
答案:可选择的;强制的
7.Honesty is a virtue we should stick to.
含义 ?
答案:美德,善行一二三三、用适当的介词填空
1.These days we rely heavily computers to organize our work.?
答案:on
2.Talks with business leaders broke last night.?
答案:down
3.I decided to treat his remark a joke.?
答案:as
4.When she told me the real truth,it just totally knocked me .?
答案:out课件7张PPT。Section Ⅳ — Writing写作指导常用句式针对训练素材积累模板填空如何写观点对比类议论文
对同一件事情,人们常有不同的看法,即正反两种观点。在写作时,常使用一般现在时。写作格式一般是:提出问题→两种不同的观点→对两种观点的论据(理由)逐项作对比→结论。有时题目会要求说出自己的观点,可在结尾段加上自己的观点并简要说明理由,最好不要重复前面已谈到的理由。一般可用“三段式”来写作。第一段写赞成的理由;第二段写反对的理由;第三段阐明自己的观点。写作指导常用句式针对训练素材积累模板填空1.正文的开头语:
I’m writing to tell you about a discussion we have had about whether students should be allowed to...
We’ve had a survey on whether students should be allowed to...
2.常见过渡词:
Opinions are mainly divided into two groups.
Different people,however,have different opinions on this matter.
What’s more,we can...as well as...
On one hand...On the other hand...of the students think...
3.常见总结语:
In short,no agreement has been reached yet.
In short,the students have not arrived at any agreement yet.写作指导常用句式针对训练素材积累模板填空请你根据以下表格,给你校的英文报投一篇稿件,说说你们班同学对克隆的不同观点,并表达自己的看法。词数:100左右。写作指导常用句式针对训练素材积累模板填空将下列短语进行英汉互译
1.激烈的讨论 ?
2.处于危险中 ?
3.充分利用 ?
4.the sick ?
5.transplant...into ?
6.speed up ?a heated debate in danger make full use of 生病的人 移植到…… 加速 写作指导常用句式针对训练素材积累模板填空Recently in my class 1.___________________________________
(对于是否克隆展开了激烈的讨论).The students for cloning say that cloning can help the wildlife in danger,and we can have more and more wildlife in the world.It can also help the old and the sick.For example,2._____________________________________
(许多被克隆的器官可以被移植到体内).? there is a heated debate about “to clone or not to clone” some cloned organs can be transplanted into their bodies 写作指导常用句式针对训练素材积累模板填空However,3._____________________________________________
(反对克隆的学生说克隆会加速衰老和死亡).What’s worse,cloning can make our society confused.There would be two or more of you,two or more of your parents and so on.?
In my opinion,cloning is a new technology,4.__________________
(因此科学家应尽力地充分利用克隆技术来造福于人类),and avoid the bad things it may bring.? the students against it say that cloning can speed up the rate of growing old and death so scientists should do their best to make full use of it to help human beings 课件29张PPT。模块重点小结重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读1. vt.使惊恐 n.恐怖?
be terrified to do sth.害怕做某事 be terrified at因……而害怕 be terrified of doing sth.害怕(做)……
例如:The child was terrified (被训斥).?
2.disgust n./vt. ?
to one’s disgust 令某人厌恶的是 with disgust 反感地 be disgusted at/by/with...对……作呕
例如:She turned away (厌恶地).?
3. vt. 拒绝 n.拒绝?
refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事
refuse sb.sth.拒绝给予某人所需之物
例如:The United States has (拒发给他签证).?terrify terrorof being scolded 厌恶 with disgust refuse refusalrefused him a visa 重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读4.chase v. ?
chase after 追赶,追逐 chase...away/off 驱逐
例如:He (追赶) the thief but couldn’t catch him.?
5. v.& n.对照?
contrast with与……形成对照
contrast A with/and B 把A和B进行对比
in contrast to/with 与……形成对比
by contrast 对比起来,相比之下
例如: (与……不同) his brother,he was always considerate towards others.?追赶 chased after contrastIn contrast with 重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读6.beneficial adj. n.好处,益处?
be beneficial to...对……有益的 be of(great) benefit to 有好处 benefit from/by 从……受益 for the benefit of 为了……的利益
例如:We can benefit (从读书中).?
7.cure n./vt. ?
cure sb.of...治愈某人的…… a cure for... ……的治疗方法
例如:The doctor (治好了她的癌症).?
8. vt.抗拒,忍耐 adj.抵制的,反抗的?
can’t resist doing 禁不住做某事 be resistant to对……有抵抗力
例如:He couldn’t (忍不住炫耀) his new car.?有益的 benefitfrom reading books 治疗cured her of cancer resistresistantresist showing off 重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读9.accompany v. ?
accompany sb.to sp.陪某人去某地
accompany sb.to do sth.陪同某人做某事
be accompanied by 由……陪伴
例如: (在子女的陪伴下),the old man went to see the doctor.?
10. vt.吸收,理解,使专心?
absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力
be absorbed in 专心致力于
例如: (专注于) painting,John didn’t notice evening approaching.?陪伴 Accompanied by his children absorb Absorbed in 重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读11.get out of control ?
be in control of...为……所控制……
beyond one’s control (某人)无法控制
lose control of失去对……的控制
be under control 得到控制
例如:She (失去了控制) her car on the ice.?
12.break 分解,出故障;(和谈)破裂,(身体)垮掉?
break out爆发 break into闯入 break up分手,放假,结束 break through突破 break away from脱离
例如:The conference (破裂) without reaching any agreement.?摆脱控制 lost control of down broke down 重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读1....and it generally it is one of the best science fiction stories .?
……而且它被一致认为是写得最好的科幻小说之一。
2.Boris Karloff played the monster in the 1931 film Frankenstein,
in the picture.?
鲍里斯·卡洛夫在电影《弗兰肯斯坦》中扮演这个图片中所看到的怪物。
3. ,he discovers the secret of how to create life.?
还在上大学时,他就发现了怎样创造生命的秘密。is agreed that ever written as shown While studying at university 重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读4. a cold November night __________ I saw my creation for the first time.?
我是在11月一个寒冷的晚上首次看到我的作品的。
5.I wish I this creature,I wish I______ on the other side of the world,I wish I !?
但愿我没有制造出那个家伙,但愿我身处世界的另一边,但愿我可以消失得无影无踪!It was on that had not created was could disappear 重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读Subjunctive(1)虚拟语气
1.If I (be)fly tomorrow,I would get up at five in the early morning.?
2.If it (not be)fine tomorrow,we _________________ (not go)climbing.?
3.I didn’t think about it carefully enough.I wish I _____________ (think)more carefully.?
4.I suggest that he (not send)to Tibet.?
5.If it were to snow tomorrow,they (not go)out.?were to were not would not go had thought (should) not be sent would not go 重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读Talking about past and present regrets 讨论过去与现在的遗憾
I wish I had (not) done...真希望我(没有)做了……
I wish I could do...真希望能……
I wish I was...真希望我……重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读高效解题方法(二)
模型2 寻找暗示信息,重视语境意义
为何用语境分析法?在完形填空选项的设置上多考查考生通过上下文语境的前后提示和暗示对整体文意进行把握的能力。
如何用语境分析法?做题时要有全局观念,进行连贯性思维,要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解,进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。开头的题目需要从下文查找信息;中间的题目需要从上下文查找信息;最后的题目需要从上文查找信息。信息常见的有单个的词、短语、句子,但有时候是隐藏的信息暗示。重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读【例2】试着用语境分析法选出题目答案。
(2015·全国高考甲)
Where do you go when you want to learn something?School?A friend?A tutor?These are all 1.traditional places of learning.But it may well be that the learning you really want 2.lies somewhere else instead.I had the 3.chance of seeing this first hand on a 4 .?
My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team.They did very well this season and so 5.entered a tournament,which normally was only for more skilled club teams.This led to some 6 experiences on Saturday as they played against teams 7 trained.Through the first two games,her 8.team did not get one serious shot on goal.As a parent,I 9 seeing my daughter playing her best,10.but still defeated.?重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读It seemed that something clicked with the 11.girls between Saturday and Sunday.When they 12.showed up for their Sunday game,they were 13 different.They had begun to integrate(融合) the kinds of play and teamwork they had 14.seen the day before into their 15 .They played aggressively and 16.even scored a goal.?
It 17.struck me that playing against the other team was a great 18.learning moment for all the girls on the team.I think it is a general principle.19.Experience is the best teacher.The lessons they learned may not be 20.different from what they would have gotten in school,but are certainly more personal and meaningful,because they had to work them out on their own.?重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读4.A.trip B.holiday
C.weekend D.square
【点拨】运用语境分析法。根据下文中的Saturday和between Saturday and Sunday这些信息可知,她们踢球的时候是周末(weekend)。trip旅游,holiday假日,square广场,均不能在文中找到与之相关的信息。故选C项。
6.A.painful B.strange
C.common D.practical
【点拨】运用语境分析法。结合上下文可知,她们周末对抗的球队是一些受过更好训练的强队,因此这给她们带来的肯定是一些痛苦的(painful)经历。strange奇怪的,common普通的,practical实际的,均与语境不符。故选A项。重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读7.A.less B.poorly
C.newly D.better
【点拨】运用语境分析法。根据上文提到的more skilled club teams可知,这些参加锦标赛的球队都是经过更好(better)训练的球队。less更少,poorly糟糕地,二者意思与语境相反;newly最近,新近,与语境不符。故选D项。
9.A.imagined B.hated
C.avoided D.missed
【点拨】运用语境分析法。根据下文的playing her best...still defeated可知,作者不愿意(hated)看到女儿尽力踢球但却仍然被打败的情景。hate doing sth.厌恶做某事。imagine想象,avoid避免,miss错过,均与语境不符。故选B项。重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读13.A.slightly B.hardly
C.basically D.completely
【点拨】运用语境分析法。结合语境,尤其是上文中的...something clicked with the...可知,好像这些女孩子们突然领悟到了什么,这次露面时,她们完全(completely)不一样了。slightly稍微,hardly几乎不,basically基本地,均与语境不符。故选D项。
15.A.styles B.training
C.game D.rules
【点拨】运用语境分析法。根据上文提到的their Sunday game我们知道,她们把从对方那里学到的打法和团队合作精神融合到今天的比赛(game)中来。style风格,training训练,rule规则。故选C项。重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读模型3 运用词汇复现,寻找相关词语
为何用词汇复现法?在完形填空选项的设置上,命题人往往会通过同义、反义重复已经出现的词汇或创设一种必须用特定词汇的语境来考查学生对词汇在具体语境中的运用能力。
如何用词汇复现法?在做题时要注意上下文中出现的词汇与选项中的词汇是否一样;从上下文分析是否有该词使用的语境;一般规律为上文出现的词从下文找,反之亦然。重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读【例3】试着用词汇复现法选出题目答案。
(2016·四川高考)
Lainey finished third grade.She had good grades and could read 1.above grade level,but she did not like to read.On a family car trip,her Aunt Dede pulled out a copy of Harry Potter,as a surprise for her 2.niece.But Lainey took one look at it,3.rolled her eyes,and said,“Borrrring!”
Aunt Dede,a teacher,had read the book to her students,and they loved it.4.Even the youngest children in the class were 5 by the story.They 6 with great interest,and then 7.enthusiastically joined in grand conversations about Harry’s adventures.?
“How can you say it’s 8 ?Have you read it? ” asked Aunt Dede.?重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读“No,it’s too long and it doesn’t have any 9 ,” complained Lainey.?
“Oh,that’s where you are 10.wrong;there are lots of pictures.Every page is full of pictures;you just have to read the words to 11.see them.It’s like magic.”
“Nice try,Aunt Dede,”Lainey replied 12.sourly from the back seat.
Another 13.try was in order.“Well,if you don’t want to read it,give it 14 .Maybe your mom would 15.enjoy hearing the story.” The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began to read it aloud.By the end of the first chapter,16.requests were coming from the back seat:“Please read a little 17 .”?重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读Lainey is an example of an 18 reader.As shown here,Lainey can become 19.excited about reading when 20.presented with literature on topics that interest her,and when the people around her model involvement in the reading process.?
5.A.surprised B.annoyed C.puzzled D.attracted
6.A.read B.told C.listened D.wrote
8.A.amazing B.boring C.ridiculous D.humorous
9.A.pictures B.stories C.adventures D.conversations
14.A.away B.out C.in D.back
17.A.more clearly B.longer C.louder D.more carefully
18.A.unpleasant B.innocent C.unwilling D.independent重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读【文章导语】 As for the idea of cloning,the famous writer,Wu Cheng’en has given a vivid description of it in his novel Journey to the West.Where Monkey King often pulls some monkey hair and a group of monkeys will appear at critical moments.Of course,it is a myth.But with the advanced technology today,can we realize the dream?Now let’s have a look at the road of “cloning”.
关于克隆的设想,中国著名作家吴承恩在《西游记》中已有生动的描述——孙悟空经常在紧要关头拔一把猴毛变出一大群猴子,这当然是神话,但用今天的科学技术,能否实现这一梦想呢?让我们一起来看看科学家的“克隆”之路吧!重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读The term cloning describes a number of different processes that can be used to produce genetically identical copies of a biological entity1.The copied material,which has the same genetic make-up as the original,is referred to as a clone.
Researchers have cloned a wide range of biological materials,including genes,cells,tissues and even entire organisms,such as a sheep.重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读Over the last 50 years,scientists have conducted cloning experiments in a wide range of animals using a variety of techniques.In 1979,researchers produced the first genetically identical mice by splitting mouse embryos in the test tube and then implanting the resulting embryos into the wombs of adult female mice.Shortly after that,researchers produced the first genetically identical cows,sheep and chickens by transferring the nucleus of a cell taken from an early embryo into an egg that had been emptied of its nucleus2.重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读It was not until 1996,however,that researchers succeeded in cloning the first mammal from a mature (somatic)cell taken from an adult animal.After 276 attempts,Scottish researchers finally produced Dolly,the lamb from the udder cell of a 6-year-old sheep.Two years later,researchers in Japan cloned eight calves from a single cow,but only four survived.
Besides cattle and sheep,other mammals that have been cloned from somatic3 cells include:cat,deer,dog,horse,mule,ox,rabbit and rat.In addition,a rhesus monkey has been cloned by embryo splitting.重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读译文
术语克隆描述了许多不同的过程,该过程被用来生产生物实体在基因上完全相同的复制品。被复制的材料,与原件的构成基因相同,被称之为克隆。
研究者已经克隆了许多生物材料,包括基因、细胞组织甚至整个生物体。例如:绵羊。
近50年来,科学家们用各种各样的技巧对许多动物进行了克隆试验。在1979年,研究者通过在试管中分离小鼠胚胎,然后植入胚胎到成年雌性老鼠的子宫里。不久后,研究者通过将一个早期胚胎细胞的细胞核移植到一个被除掉细胞核的卵子中制作了第一个基因完全相同的奶牛、绵羊和小鸡。重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读然而,直到1996年,研究者才从成年动物的成熟细胞中成功克隆出第一个哺乳动物。经过276次尝试,英格兰研究者最后复制出多莉,是从一只6岁羊的乳腺细胞中提取的小羔羊。两年以后,日本的研究者从一个奶牛上克隆了8头小牛,但只有4头活了下来。
除了牛和羊之外,其他一些哺乳动物如:猫、鹿、狗、骡子、公牛、兔子和田鼠通过体细胞被克隆。另外,一只恒河猴通过胚胎分裂被克隆。重点词汇重点句型重点语法功能走近高考拓展阅读词海拾贝
1.entity /?ent?tI/ n.独立存在物,实体
2.nucleus /?nju?klI?s/ n.细胞核
3.somatic /s???m?tIk/ adj.肉体的,躯体的
理解诱思
1.Which of the following animals hasn’t been cloned?
A.Cat. B.Donkey.
C.Sheep. D.OX.
答案:B
2.It is said that the term clone was invented by J.B.S.Haldane and derived from a Ancient Greek Word,what is it?
答案:略
