定语从句
定语从句与引导词
定语从句是在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫做选行词，
而引导定语从句的词叫引导词，有关系代词和关系副词两类。
懂得什么样的先行词后用什么样的引导词是学好定语从句的关键。
关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,在定语从句中作主语、宾语中表语，whose
作定语。代人的有：who,whom,whose,that；代物的有：that,which,whose.例如：
The man who helped you is Mr White.(who代人，在定语从句中作主语)
That is the person(whom/who/that) you want to see.(whom,who,that代人，在定
语从句中作宾语，可省略)
I(m not the fool(that) you thought me to be.(that代人，在定从中作表语)
A dictionary is a useful book which(＝that) tells us the meaning of words(which
或that代物，在定从中作主语)
关系副词有：when(指时间)，where(指地点),why(指原因)，在定语从句中作状语。
例如：Would you suggest a time(when) we can have a talk?(when可省略)
The house where they live is not very large./This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting.
注意：不是表时间的先行词都用when引导定从，不是表地点的先行词都用where引导定从。例如：We(ll visit the factory which(＝that) makes radios.
(which或that在定从中作主语，where不可用主语，故不可用)
They still remember the happy days(which/that) they spent in Beidaihe.
(which或that在定从中作spent的宾语，when不可作宾语，故不可用)
二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号分开，修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代
词；非限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句隔开，可以修饰主句中的某一个词，也可修饰整个句子。非限制性定语从句不能用that引导，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略。非限制性定语从句例：Li Ping(s father, who works in a factory, is an engineer./He tore up my photo, which made me very angry.(which指代主句内容，因前后两句是因果关系，此时which不可换为as。)
He is good at physics, as is known to us all.＝As is known to us all, he is good at physics.(as指代主句内容，在as is known/believed, as we all know/believe这类结构中as不可换为which)
只用that引导和不用that引导的场合
只用that引导和不用that引导的场合
当先行词既包括人又包括物时：He talked about the men and the books that attracted
him.
指物的先行词被any, every, only, very, all, no等修饰时：These are the very points that interest me./That(s the only watch that I like most.
指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时：The first step that we are to take is very difficult./This is the second card that he gave me.
先行词是指物的不定代词all,little,few,much,及everything,anything,nothing等时：There is still much that can be done about it./Have you got everything that you need?
先行词是who时：Who that have seen him does not like him?
不用that的场合如下：
1）非限制性定语从句中 Last night ,I saw a very good film,which was about the Long
March .
2）介词放在关系代词之前时 This is the man from whom I learnt the news
3）句中出现了that，或先行词是that时 I have found that which I was looking for.
四、“介词＋关系代词”用法
介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配，例如：Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands?(shake hands with…是习惯性搭配)
介词常受先行词的制约（即介词和先行词的搭配），例如：He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.(through which 即through the telescope)
当关系代词作“动词＋介词”固定短语的宾语时，此时因定短语中的介词不能拆开移到关系代词前。例如：This is the watch which you(re looking for./He is a kind of man whom you can safely depend on.
五、几个名词后的引导词
situation后常用where,in which引导定语从句：Can you imagine a situation where/in
which you can use the word?
way(方式，方法)后常用in which或that或how引导定语从句，也可省略：Do you know the way(in which/that/how) he worked out the problem?
“the same＋名词”，“such＋名词”，“as＋名词”后通常用as引导定语从句。
例如：I have the same dictionary as you(have)./Such a book as you bought is not worth buying.
定语从句考点分析
The best work ______ Luxun wrote and ______ I have read has been made into a film.
A.which;that B.that;× C.×;that D.×;×
析：如果两个定语从句并列，关系代词作宾语时前一句的可以省略，但后一句的不可省略，故应选C。
It was in 1969 ______ two Americans got to the moon by space ship.
It was 1969 ______ two Amerians got to the moon by space ship.
A.when B.which C.that D.×
析：第一句是强调时间in 1969,强调结构是“It was＋强调部分＋that句”，故应选C。第二句It是表时间的，先行词1969在从句中作状语，故选A。
Is this the house ______ Shakespeare was born?
A.at which B.which C.in which D.at where
析：观察题目，空白处只有填in which或where才能表达“这是莎士比亚出生的房子吗？”这一意思，故答案为C。
Is this house ______ Shakespeare was born?
A.where B.which C.in which D.at which
析：将此句变为陈述句；This house is ______ Shakespeare was born.显然is后是一表语从句，只有选where(＝the place where)才能表达“这是莎士比亚的出生地”这一意思，故答案为A。
In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person ______ she could turn for
help.
A.to whom B.of whom C.from whom D.that
析：“介词＋关系代词”要考虑短语搭配或与先行搭配，这道题短语turn to有关，故
应选A。
The two things ______ they felt very proud were Jim(s gold watch and Della(s
hair.
A．about which B.of which C.in which D.for which
析：涉及be/feel proud of短语，故答案为B。
Have you ever asked him the reason ______ may explain his being late.
A.why B.that C.for which D.what
析：此题易误选A、C，因为先行词是the reason,但细观察分析，定语从句缺少主语，所以答案是B。注意what不能引导定语从句。
Farming is difficult ______ there is no rain.
A.where B.in place C.that D.the place where
析：因为difficult是形容词，故其后不是定语从句。这儿的空白处应填引导状语从句where(＝in the place where),全句表达“在没有雨水的地方耕种困难”。这一意思，可见答案为A。
We need the same machine ______ in your factory.
A.which is being used B.as is being used
C.that is being used D.as it is being used
析：根据“the same＋先行词”后跟as引导定语从句的原则，可知答案为B。
10．______ the people,not things ______ are most important.
A.There are;who B.Those are;that C.It is;that D.It was;who
析：仔细观察分析题目，可知只有C构成强调句才有成立。当我们要检验视其为强调
句的判断是否正确时，只要将“It is (或was)…that”这三个词去掉，剩下部分读
起来正确无误，则证明判断是正确的，反之是错误的。此题如不填“It is…that”
三词，句子是The people,not things are most important.语义完整正确，说明选
C是对的。
课件23张PPT。 定语从句高考点例析Have a try指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：
1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang.
( )
2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( )
3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom.
( )
4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday.
( ) 主语
宾语
定语
宾语Have a try5. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone whose family was poor. ( )
6. I like the person to whom you just talked.
( )
7. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. ( )
8. We shall never the days when we lived together.
( )
定语
介宾
宾语
状语考点一：that和which以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。
1. 先行词为不定代词everything，little，much，all，anything，nothing。
e.g. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen.
2. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用that。
e.g. This is the best book (that) I’ve ever read.考点一：that和which3. 先行词被the only，the very，the last 修饰时，用that。
e.g. He is the only person that I want to see now.
4. 先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。
e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we saw then.
5. 定语从句内容为解释名词的性质、概念时，需用that。
e.g. A plane is a machine that can fly.考点二：连接词which的用法Which引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。
e.g. 1. She heard a terrible noise, ______
brought her heart into her mouth.
A. it B. which C. this D. that
2. The weather turned out to be good,
___ was more than we could expect.
A. what B. which C. that D. it
B
B Good!考点三：介词+关系代词**** “of + which/whom”可用来限定名词、代词、分数词、数词等。
e.g. 1. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____________ she could turn for help.
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
2. He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most of ________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
A. these B. those C. that D. which DD关系代词前介词的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：
e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?
2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：
e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which I’m sure.
3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：
e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.关系代词前介词的确定4.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词 + of + 关系代词”的结构，如：
e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two- thirds of whom have been to Beijing.
关系代词前的介词的确定5. Whose从句可转换为“ of +关系代词”型，如：
e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.
They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south.
They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.Can you work them out????????Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions:
1. The sun gives us heat and light, ________ which we can’t live.
2. The student ________ whom we were talking just now is the best student in our class.
3. I’ll never forget the day _____ which she said good-bye to me.
4. Who can give me the reason ______ which he hasn’t turned up yet?forabout
on
without
考点四:关系副词的运用在限定性和非限定性从句中，when的先行词是时间名词，where的先行词是地点名词，分别在定语从句中做状语。
e.g.1. After living in Paris for 50 years he returned to the small town ______ he grew up as a child.
A. which B. where C. that D. when
2. It was an exciting moment for these people this year, ______ for the first time their team won the World Cup.
A. that B. while C. which D. when B
D考点五：as与which引导的定语从句 两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用as。
1. 关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。
e.g. As we all know, the earth is round.
2. 当与such或the same连用时，一般用as。
e.g. Such books as you tell me are interesting.
I have the same plan as you.Go on Please!3. 当从句和主句语义一致时，用as，反之则用which。
e.g.
She has married again, as was expected.
She has married again, which was unexpected.
Go on please!4. as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如be known，be said，be reported等，如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用which作主语。
e.g. She has been late again, as was expected.
Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.Correct the sentences:1. I’m using the pen which he bought it yesterday.
2. Is that factory which your father once worked in?
3. The man whom I spoke is from Canada.
4. July 1,1999 is the day when we’ll never forget.
^^__(去掉)which____tothe oneCorrect the sentences:5. I still remember the holidays I stayed with them.
6. I’m going to work in the hospital where needs me.
7. Those that haven’t been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate.
8. I don’t like the way which you talked to your friend.
inwhen____who___(that/which)^^Correct the sentences:9.This is the last time when I’ve given you lessons.
10. Soon they came to a farm house,and in front of which sat a small boy.
11. We heard the news which our team won the game.
12. The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable.
____ that____ that ____whyit____Correct the sentences:13. Those at the desk want to buy tickets write down your names.
14. That was the reason because she looked old.
15. Miss Chen is the only one of the few teachers who give us wonderful English lessons in our school.
16. Taiwan, that we know, belongs to China.
aswho______________giveswhy^Correct the sentences:17. It is the one of the best films that have been shown recently.
18. The third place which we are going to visit is Hangzhou.
19. Which is known to all, many satellite are going around in the sky.
20. The students and things which you spoke of are known to us.
that_________hasAsthat________Correct the sentences:21.Einstein is such a great scientist that we must learn from.
22. The student who’s book I had borrowed didn’t come to school today.
23. Who is the worker who took some pictures of the factory.
24. The bike by which I travelled was his.as_____Whose____that___on____Homework:
1) Finish off the exercises.
2) Preview Lesson 89.THE END模拟练习
His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ____ family was poor.
A. of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose
She heard a terrible noise, _______ brought her heart into her mouth.
A. it B. which C. this D. that
3. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help.
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
4. The weather turned out to be very good, ____ was more than we could expect.
A. what B. which C. that D. it
5. After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child.
A. which B. where C. that D. when
6．Carol said the work would be done by October, ＿＿＿＿＿personally I doubt very much.
A. it B. that C. when D. which
7． He was hiding behind the door _________ he could see what was happening.
A. which B. from where C from which D. where
8. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _____ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose
9._____ has already been pointed out, grammar is not a set of dead rules.
A. As B. It C. That D. Which
10. He lived in London for 3 months, during ____ time he learned some English.
A. this B. which C. that D. same
11. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others , , of course , made the others envy him . A. who B. that C. what D. which
12. A story goes ______ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more that being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.
A. when B. where C. what D. that
13. The visitor asked the guide to take his picture _____ stands the famous tower.
A. that B. where C. which D. there
14.The boss ____ department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women.
A. in which B. in that C. in whose D. whose
15. I don’t like _____ you speak to her.
A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which
16. There are two buildings , stands nearly a hundred feet high .
A．the larger B．the larger of them C．the larger one that D．the larger of which
17. He made another wonderful discovery, ____ of great importance to science.
A. which I think is B. which I think it is
C. which I think it D.I think which is
18. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _____ they can talk frequently. A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom
19. George Orwell, _______ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.
A. the real name B. what his real name C. his real name D. whose real name
高考真题
1. There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had wiped her hands. (NMET 2004-2) A. where B. which C. when D. that 2. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _____ the sailing time was 226 days. (NMET2004-3) A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which 3. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, ______five are mine. (NMET2004-4)
A. on which B. in which C. of which D. from which
4. George Orwell, _______ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. (Beijing 2004)
A. the real name B. what his real name
C. his real name D. whose real name
5. ______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. (Beijing 2004) A. It B. As C. That D. What 6. Anyway, that evening, ____ I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at
Rachel’s place. (Zhejiang 2004)
A. when B. where C. what D. which
7. Luckily, we’d brought a road map without ______ we would have lost our way. (Beijing 2004 spring)
A. it B. that C. this D. which
8. If a shop has chairs ____ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. （Shanghai 2005）
A. that B. which C. when D. where
9. ______ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. (Jiangshu 2004)
A. Which B. When C. What D. As
10. I work in a business _________ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. (Hunan 2004)
A. how B. which C. where D. that
11. The place ____ the bridge is supposed to be built should be_____the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. (Jiangshu 2005)
A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which
12. I walked in our garden, ______ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. （Liaoning 2005）
A．which B．when C．where D．that
13. What surprised me was not what he said but he said it. (Hubei 2004)
A．the way B．in the way that C．in the way D．the way which
14. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% are sold abroad. (Liaoning 2004)
A．of which B．which of C．of them D．of that
15. The film brought back the hours to me _____ I was taken good care of in the far-away village. A. until B. that C. when D. where (NMET 2001)
16. Alec asked the policeman ________he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident. (2002Shanghai)
A. with him B. who C. with who D. whom
17. A fast food restaurant is the place _______, just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly. （Shanghai 05 spring）
A. which B. where C. there D. what
18. Along with the letter was his promise ________ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
19. Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’ Union. (NMET2005 Chongqing)
A．during which time B．for which time
C．during whose time D．by that time
20. I have many friends, _____ some are businessmen. (NMET2005-1)
A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom
1-5DBDBB 6-10DBBAB 11-15DDBCA 16-19DADD
1-40: AACDB DDDDC CCAAC CBBAD
课件18张PPT。定语从句1． This dictionary, the few pages ______ are missing, is of no use. A． among which B． of which
C． in which D． to which 2．______ is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China． A． As B． Which
C． That D．What BA3． I'll never forget the years ______ I lived in the country with the farmers, ______ has a great effect on my life. A． that, which B． when, which C． which, that D．when, who
4． I saw some trees ______ the leaves were black with disease. A． where B． of which
C． in which D．whose
5． The building ______ windows are bright is our school library. A． where B． of which
C． in which D．whose BBD6． Jack is the only one of the classmates who ______ invited. A． has B． have
C． is D．are
7． Is this book ______ I bought for you the day before yesterday? A． which B． that
C． × D．the oneCD8． The health club ______ I am a number meets once a week. A． which B． of which
C． that D．in which
9． I'll remember the time ______ we spent together in the country. A． that B． when
C． during which D． at which
BA10． The professor made his first speech ______ he talked about some subjects the students were interested. A． that B． which
C． in which D． of which
11. In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ______ she could turn for help. A． that B． who
C． whom D． to whom CD12． I don't believe the reason ______ he has given for his being late. A． why B． that C． how D．what
13． He arrived in New York in 1896, ______ , some time later, he became a writer. A． when B． where
C． that D． which BB14． By using both ears one can tell the direction ______ a sound comes. A． in which B． from which
C． with which D． through which
15． She has fallen in love with silly Jack, ______ I find hard to imagine. A． who B． whom
C． that D． which AD16． This textbook is used by students ______ native language is not English. A． which B． who
C． of whom D． whose
17． Please pass me the dictionary ______ cover is made of plastics. A． whose B． of which
C． that D．which DA18． Can you think out a situation ______ this idiom can be used? A． which B． that C． with which D．Where
19．Recently I bought an ancient vase, ___ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which
C. its price D. the price of those
20. The gentleman _______ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. A. who B. about whom
C. whom D. with whom DBB21. These houses are sold at such a low price _______ people expected. A. like B. as C. that D. which
?1.The?place?_______interested?me?most?was?the?Children's?Palace. ??????A.?Which????????B.?where ??????C.?what?????????D.?in?which
2.Do?you?know?the?man?_______? ??????A.?whom?I?spoke???B.?to?who?spoke ??????C.?I?spoke?to????? D.?that?I?spokeB AC?3.This?is?the?hotel?_______last?month. ??????A.?which?they?stayed ??????B.?at?that?they?stayed ??????C.?where?they?stayed?at ??????D.?where?they?stayed
4.Do?you?know?the?year?______the?Chinese?Communist?Party?was?founded? ??????A.?which?????????B.?that ??????C.?when??????????D.?on?which
?5.That?is?the?day?______I'll?never?forget. ??????A.?which?????????B.?on?which ??????C.?in?which??????D.?whenDCA?6.The?factory?______we'll?visit?next?week?is?not?far?from?here. ??????A.?where?????????B.?to?which ??????C.?which?????????D.?in?which
7.Great?changes?have?taken?place?since?then?in?the?factory?_______we?are???working. ??????A.?where?????????B.?that ??????C.?which?????????D.?there
?8.This?is?one?of?the?best?films?_______. ??????A.?that?have?been?shown?this?year ??????B.?that?have?shown ??????C.?that?has?been?shown?this?year ??????D.?that?you?talkedCAA9.Can?you?lend?me?the?book?______the?other?day? ??????A.?about?which?you?talked ??????B.?which?you?talked ??????C.?about?that?you?talked ? D.?that?you?talked
10.The?pen?______he?is?writing?is?mine. ??????A.?with?which?????B.?in?which ??????C.?on?which??????? D.?by?which
11.They?arrived?at?a?farmhouse,?in?front?of?_____sat?a?small?boy. ??????A.?whom???????????B.?who ??????C.?which?????????? D.?thatAAC12.The?engineer?______my?father?works?is?about?50?years?old. ??????A.?to?whom????????B.?on?whom ??????C.?with?which?????D.?with?whom
13.It?there?anyone?in?your?class?______family?is?in?the?country? ??????A.?who????????????B.?who's ??????C.?which??????????D.?whose
14.I'm?interested?in?______you?have?said. ??????A.?all?that???????B.?all?what ??????C.?that??????????? D .all?whichDDA17.He?is?good?at?English,?______we?all?
know. ??????A.?that???????????B.?as ??????C.?whom???????????D.?what
18.Li?Ming,?______to?the?concert?enjoyed?it?very?much. ?????? A.?I?went?with?????????
B.?with?whom?I?went ?????? C.?with?who?I?went?????
D.I?went?with?him B B
20.He?talked?a?lot?about?things?and ?persons?________they?remembered?in? the?school. ??????A.?which????????????B.?that ??????C.?whom?????????????D.?what
21.The?letter?is?from?my?sister,?_____is?working?in?Beijing. ??????A.?which??????????? B.?that ??????C.?whom????????????D.?who B D22.In?our?factory?there?are?2,000?workers,?two?thirds?of?____are?women. ??????A.?them????????????B.?which ??????C.?whom????????????D.?who
23.You're?the?only?person?______I've?ever?met?______could?do?it. ??????A.?who;/???????????B./;?whom ??????C.?whom;/??????????D./;?who?????? CD24.I?lost?a?book,?______I?can‘t?
remember?now?? A.?whose?title????????B.?its?title
C.?the?title?of?it???????D.?the?title?of?that
25.Last?summer?we?visited?the?West?
Lake______Hangzhou?is?famous?in?the?world.????
?A.?for?which??????????B.?for?that ??????C.?in?which???????????D.?what A A课件51张PPT。定语从句复习课件使用说明一．本课件最好在office 2002的环境下使用。否则，个别效果不能实现。
二．本课件对定语从句进行了系统的复习。复习的目录如下：
1.定语从句的分类
2.定语从句中的注意事项
3.关系词的实质和先行词之间的关系
4.关系代词和关系副词的用法及其容易混用的情况
5.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的比较
6.非限制性定语从句和单句的比较
7.as引导的两种定语从句
8.介词加关系代词的情况
9.只能用that 、which的情况
The Attributive Clause
定语从句复习惠安惠南中学 杨耿波高考总复习之定语从句复习定语从句The Restrictive Attributive Clause
限制性定语从句
The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause
非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句的构成The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.
You must do everything that I do.
I have found the book which I lost.
I visited the school where I studied.关系代词
关系副词注意事项:
1.从句的位置:
2.翻译方法:
3.构成：先行词 之后“….的”关系词定语从句后置The day came at last when I went to college.
He laughs best who laughs last.
He is the only one of the teachers who comes
from Qingdao.先行词和关系词的关系A plane is a machine that can fly.
The boy who broke the window is called Tom.
The boy whose parents are dead was brought up
by his grandfather.
The school where I study is far from my home.the machine = thatthe boy =whothe boy’s =whosein the school = where关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词Join the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
先行词和关系词的关系Join the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
A plane is can fly.
关系代词的实质the machinea machineJoin the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
A plane is can fly.
关系代词的实质a machinethat /which关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
herThe girl关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
herThe girl关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
herThe girl关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
herThe girl关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
herThe girl关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
herThe girl关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
The girl that / who we saw yesterday is Mary.
关系代词的用法关系代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？关系代词的用法√√√√√√√√√√√√× × × × 关系代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略关系代词的用法练习1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday.
2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night.
3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parent’s farm.
4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them.
5.I don’t like the people. They smoke a lot.
The eggs (that/which) I bought them were not fresh. The friend who/ that he came to supper last night was not hungry. .He prefers the cheese that / which it comes from his parent’s farm.The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious.I don’t like the people that / who they smoke a lot.关系副词和先行词的关系I still remember the day when I came here.
This is the house where I lived last year.
There are many reasons why people like traveling.
I don’t like the way that you speak.
on the day =whenin the house= wherefor the reasons =whyin the way =that关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词1.I’ll never forget the days______________ we worked together.
2.I’ll never forget the days ___________ we spent together.
3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago.
4.I went to the place _____________ I visited ten years ago.
5.This is the reason _____________________ he was late.
6.This is the reason _____________________ he gave.
when /in whichwhichwhere/ in whichwhichwhy/ for whichthat/which几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词难用的 whoseThe teacher praised the student. His English is the best in our class.The teacher praised the student whose English is
the best in our class.Join the following pair of sentences.whose =the student’s关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格难用的 whoseThe house is mine. The window of the house is broken.Join the following pair of sentences.The house whose window is broken is mine. whose=the house’s windowThe house is mine.the window of which is brokenof which the window is broken非限制性定语从句The town where I live is beautiful.
Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.
Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.Please compare:非限制性定语从句The town where I live is beautiful.
Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.
Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.Please compare:插入成分修饰限定补充解释能不能….的能否省略Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.
Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.分析两种定语从句省略后的结果The town where I live is beautiful.
Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.分析两种定语从句省略后的结果限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确，
所以不能省略非限制性定语从句和单句的比较2.He failed in the exam._______ made his parents angry.
3.He failed in the exam, _______made his parents angry.4.He has two sons. Both of ________ are teachers.
5.He has two sons, both of ________ are teachers.
Thiswhichwhomthem× that1.I am reading Harry Porter, _____is an interesting book.whichas 引导的非限制性定语从句The earth is round._____ is known to all.
The earth is round,_____ is known to all.
_____ is known to all, the earth is round
______ is known to all that the earth is round.Itwhich
/ as AsItas 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：
as you know/ as you see/as we planned/
as we expected定语从句在句首时只能用as,as 引导的非限制性定语从句 (1)This is the same pen as I lost.
This is the same pen that I lost.Please compare:这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。as 引导的限制性定语从句 (2)This is such an interesting book ____ we all like.
This is so interesting a book _____ we all like.
This is such an interesting book ____we all like it.
This is so interesting a book ____we all like it.asthatPlease complete the following sentences and compare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)介词+关系代词的情况 1The man whom you spoke was a scientist.
The city which she lives is far away.toin介词+关系代词的情况 2The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.
The city that/which she lives is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?介词+关系代词的情况 3The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.
The city that/which she lives is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?介词+关系代词的情况 3The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.
The city that/which she lives is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?介词+关系代词的情况 3The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.
The city that/which she lives is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?介词+关系代词的情况 3The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.
The city that/which she lives is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?介词+关系代词的情况 3The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.
The city that/which she lives is far away.toin× × Are these two sentences right?可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后 介词+关系代词的情况 4Is this the watch that you are looking for?
The old man whom I am looking after is better . 在固定短语中介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗?1.? Do you like the book she spent $10?
2.? Do you like the book she paid $10?
3.? Do you like the book she learned a lot?
4.? Do you like the book she often talks?
5.? He built a telescope he could study the skies.
6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher.
7.? China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _______
is the Yellow River.
8. The tower _______ people can have a good view
is on the hill.
9. The man ________ I spoke on the phone last night
is very good at wrestling.
10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows,
most ______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough whichunder whichof whichfrom whichto whomof which介词+关系代词的情况 练习1.He did all / everything _______he could to help me.
2.This is the very thing _______ I am after.
3.We talked about the men and the things _______
we remembered at school.
4.He is the only man _______ can do the work.
5.This is the first thing _______ I want to say.
6.He is the finest man _______ I have ever worked
with.
7.Who is the man _______ spoke to you at the gate.
8.Which is the star _______ is nearest to the earth.
that , which or who?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat , which ,whose, whom or who?9.Is there anything else _______ you want to say?
10.Any person _______ has the money can join the group.
11.He often speaks the role he played in the play,
_______ made others upset.
12.He opened the door, in front of _______ sat a boy.
13.The man to _______ I spoke is a famous scientist.
14.The boy _______ mother is dead was brought up
by his father.thatthatwhichwhich whomwhose当先行词是不定代词时,如:
All ,few, little, much, every, something,
anything, everything, 等只能用that 做关系代词的情况当先行词被the only, the very, the same,
little, few, no, any等修饰时只能用that 做关系代词的情况 当人和物合做先行词时只能用that 做关系代词的情况 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时只能用that 做关系代词的情况 在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中只能用that 做关系代词的情况 在非限制性定语从句中只能用which 做关系代词的情况 在介词后面只能用which 做关系代词的情况Thank you for your attendance.课件23张PPT。 定语从句高考点例析Have a try指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：
1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang.
( )
2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( )
3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom.
( )
4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday.
( ) 主语
宾语
定语
宾语Have a try5. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone whose family was poor. ( )
6. I like the person to whom you just talked.
( )
7. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. ( )
8. We shall never the days when we lived together.
( )
定语
介宾
宾语
状语考点一：that和which以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。
1. 先行词为不定代词everything，little，much，all，anything，nothing。
e.g. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen.
2. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用that。
e.g. This is the best book (that) I’ve ever read.考点一：that和which3. 先行词被the only，the very，the last 修饰时，用that。
e.g. He is the only person that I want to see now.
4. 先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。
e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we saw then.
5. 定语从句内容为解释名词的性质、概念时，需用that。
e.g. A plane is a machine that can fly.考点二：连接词which的用法Which引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。
e.g. 1. She heard a terrible noise, ______
brought her heart into her mouth.
A. it B. which C. this D. that
2. The weather turned out to be good,
___ was more than we could expect.
A. what B. which C. that D. it
B
B Good!考点三：介词+关系代词**** “of + which/whom”可用来限定名词、代词、分数词、数词等。
e.g. 1. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____________ she could turn for help.
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
2. He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most of ________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
A. these B. those C. that D. which DD关系代词前介词的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：
e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?
2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：
e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which I’m sure.
3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：
e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.关系代词前介词的确定4.非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词 + of + 关系代词”的结构，如：
e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two- thirds of whom have been to Beijing.
关系代词前的介词的确定5. Whose从句可转换为“ of +关系代词”型，如：
e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.
They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south.
They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.Can you work them out????????Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions:
1. The sun gives us heat and light, ________ which we can’t live.
2. The student ________ whom we were talking just now is the best student in our class.
3. I’ll never forget the day _____ which she said good-bye to me.
4. Who can give me the reason ______ which he hasn’t turned up yet?forabout
on
without
考点四:关系副词的运用在限定性和非限定性从句中，when的先行词是时间名词，where的先行词是地点名词，分别在定语从句中做状语。
e.g.1. After living in Paris for 50 years he returned to the small town ______ he grew up as a child.
A. which B. where C. that D. when
2. It was an exciting moment for these people this year, ______ for the first time their team won the World Cup.
A. that B. while C. which D. when B
D考点五：as与which引导的定语从句 两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用as。
1. 关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。
e.g. As we all know, the earth is round.
2. 当与such或the same连用时，一般用as。
e.g. Such books as you tell me are interesting.
I have the same plan as you.Go on Please!3. 当从句和主句语义一致时，用as，反之则用which。
e.g.
She has married again, as was expected.
She has married again, which was unexpected.
Go on please!4. as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如be known，be said，be reported等，如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用which作主语。
e.g. She has been late again, as was expected.
Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.Correct the sentences:1. I’m using the pen which he bought it yesterday.
2. Is that factory which your father once worked in?
3. The man whom I spoke is from Canada.
4. July 1,1999 is the day when we’ll never forget.
^^__(去掉)which____tothe oneCorrect the sentences:5. I still remember the holidays I stayed with them.
6. I’m going to work in the hospital where needs me.
7. Those that haven’t been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate.
8. I don’t like the way which you talked to your friend.
inwhen____who___(that/which)^^Correct the sentences:9.This is the last time when I’ve given you lessons.
10. Soon they came to a farm house,and in front of which sat a small boy.
11. We heard the news which our team won the game.
12. The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable.
____ that____ that ____whyit____Correct the sentences:13. Those at the desk want to buy tickets write down your names.
14. That was the reason because she looked old.
15. Miss Chen is the only one of the few teachers who give us wonderful English lessons in our school.
16. Taiwan, that we know, belongs to China.
aswho______________giveswhy^Correct the sentences:17. It is the one of the best films that have been shown recently.
18. The third place which we are going to visit is Hangzhou.
19. Which is known to all, many satellite are going around in the sky.
20. The students and things which you spoke of are known to us.
that_________hasAsthat________Correct the sentences:21.Einstein is such a great scientist that we must learn from.
22. The student who’s book I had borrowed didn’t come to school today.
23. Who is the worker who took some pictures of the factory.
24. The bike by which I travelled was his.as_____whose____that___on____Homework:
1) Finish off the exercises.
2) Preview Lesson 89.THE END
