Unit 3 A healthy life grammar

课件30张PPT。Check your homework(Workbook, page 56)Answer key for exercise 1: ashamed of sth / sb / oneself
embarrassed about sth
disappointed with sth/sb
grateful to sb for sth
angry with sb about / for sth
delighted with/by sth
nervous about sth
upset (with sb) about/by sth
bored with sb / sth
shocked at/by sthMake sentences on your own.Suggested answers to exercise 2: I felt awkward hearing my uncle praise smoking and hoped that others would make their own judgment and not follow his example.
The boy felt ashamed of his behaviour. He fainted when the doctor put a needle in his arm and took out some blood.
When Jack threw away his last packet of cigarettes, he immediately began to feel like a non-smoker.
The specialists are considering a proposal to ban the sale of alcohol and cigarettes to adolescents.In spite of the cold, he jumped into the river and pulled the fallen boy out of the water. He took a great risk but the survival of the boy made him feel extremely happy.
It is illegal for parents to decide to have an abortion because they do not like the sex of their unborn baby. I am so angry that this prejudice against female children continues even today.
Due to the sponsor of CHARTS ( China AIDS Roadmap Tactical Support) project, many famous people like Pu Cunxin has been active in the campaign against HIV/AIDS.
Some sentences in the texts which cause students’ comprehension difficulties are further explained in the notes of the appendix at the end of the textbook.Suggested answers to exercise 3 Suggested answers to exercise 4 un fair-unfair; necessary – unnecessary
dis able – disable; honest – dishonest
ir regular – irregular; rational – irrational
il legal – illegal; considered – ill-considered
im possible – impossible; patient – impatient
in active- inactive; accurate - inaccurateDiscovering useful structuresUnit 3 It rains heavily.
2. It is 20 kilometers from Granddad's house to James’.
3. It is November 11, 2005.
4. It is 9 o’clock at night.
5.It'll be lovely in the garden tonight．
6. It is bad to smoke.
7. It is likely that he will succeed.天气距离日期时间形式主语环境形式主语Discovering “It”“It” is a very useful word in English and can be used in many ways. “It” can be used in the subject or object position to stand for an infinitive, -ing form or a clause.For example:
1. It is amazing that at my age I am still fit.
2. It is easier to fall than to rise.
3. I think it best that you should do more
exercise.
4. It is no good crying over spilt milk.
5. He found it difficult to accustom himself to
getting up early.1. it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事
物，以避免重复。
Xi’an is?a?beautiful?city, isn’t?it?
2. 也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子)。
Is this your dog？No, it isn’t.一、it 作人称代词Summary it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、
日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等，称
为非人称的it：
指天气：It is a lovely day, isn’t?it?
It is a bit windy. 指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came
back.
指环境: It was very quiet in?the?café.
指距离：It is half an hour’s?walk?to the city
centre from my home.二、it作非人称代词 指日期： -- What's the date today?
-- It's May 1, 2007.
指季节：It is summer now.
指度量：It is about 5 kilograms.
指价值：--- What's the cost of the T-shirt?
--- It is 150 yuan.替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。三、it用作形式主语（1）It be adj.（for sb.）to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy，difficult，hard，necessary，unnecessary，possible，impossible，likely，unlikely，right，wrong，important，unimportant，legal，illegal，well-mannered，ill-mannered，polite，impolite，clear，obvious，certain，suitable，proper, useful，useless,dangerous…
It is illegal（for a teenager）to drive a car without a license.
　　1. 代作主语的动词不定式（2）It be + adj. of sb. to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind，unkind，nice，rude，cruel，considerate，thoughtful，thoughtless，careful，careless，silly，foolish，stupid，clever，wise，crazy.
It’s kind of you to help me with the problem.It's no good/use doing…
It's（well）worth doing…
It's（well）worth one's while doing/to do…
It's（well）worth while doing/ to do
It's no use crying over spilt milk.(3) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型2. it作形式主语, 替代主语从句 It is clear ( obvious，true，possible, certain …) that ...
该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为“…清楚（显然, 真的……）”, 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。例如：
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. ①It is + adj. +clause It is said (reported/ learned/believed
/thought/known/told/hoped.....) that ...
该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句；该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉…）”。
It is said that he has come to Beijing.
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.② It is v-ed that…③ It is + noun +从句 It is a pity (a shame /an honor /a good thing/a
fact /a surprise/... ) that ...
该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去，表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。例如：
It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.
这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！
It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！四、it作形式宾语 当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it 作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。
该句型中的it 作形式宾语，常用的动词有think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。 I think it no use arguing with him.
我认为和他争吵没有用。
I found it very interesting to study English.
我发现学英语非常有趣。
He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.
他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。Practice Rewrite the sentences using an “it” structure.Giving up smoking is difficult.

2. Some young people think they look attractive when they smoke.
It is difficult to give up smoking.It seems that some young people think they look attractive when they smoke.3. Most people believe smoking causes cancer.
4. Don’t try to quit on a stressful day.

5. China produces one third of the world’s cigarettes.It is believed that smoking causes cancer.It is no use trying to quit on a stressful day.It is astonishing that China produces one-third of the world’s cigarettes.You are not allowed to advertise cigarettes in this country.
My father ahs quit smoking at last.
The night was dark and stormy when the old man started his journey.It is illegal to advertise cigarettes in this country.It is wonderful that my father has quit smoking at last.It was a dark and stormy night when the old man started his journey.9. You could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.

10. You have to take pills to control your blood pressure.It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.It is necessary for you to take pills to control your blood pressure.More Exercises:
1. I hate ______ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C. these D. them
2. In which play is ______ your brother will appear?
A. that where B. this when
C. it that D. it where
3. ______ the harder you work, the better result you’ll get.
A. It’s believed that B. What we believed that
C. It’s fact D. What the fact is
4. Nothing can stop us , _______?
A. can’t it B. can it C. can’t we D. can weACAB5. ---Can you tell us how the war was won in the
end ?
--- I don’t know. ________.
A. It’s hard to say B. It doesn’t matter
C. It’s no use saying D. It depends on the work
6. Does ______ matter a lot whether she will come here by bus or by taxi?
A. The thing B. that C. it D. her mother
7. ---Listen! Someone is unlocking the goods.
--- _____ must be your father coming back from Beijing.
A. It B. There C. That D. ThisACA8. ---Have you written a letter to her ?
--- No , but I’m going to write _____ tonight.
A. it B. that C. those D. one
9. --- Are they coming to the meeting ?
--- ________.
I know so B. I am sure so
C. I am sure of it D. I question it
10. _______ now pretty late, we took candles and went upstairs.
A. Being B. For C. For being D. It being
11.Our food and service are better than _____ used to be.
A. It B. we C. they D. themDADC12. The teacher told the students _______.
A. why to learn English important
B. why was it important to learn English
C. why it important to learn English
D. why it was important to learn English
13. The TV sets made in China are much better than ______ in Japan.
A. that B. those C. them D. it
14. ---I’m looking for a flat.
---Would you like _______ with _____ garden?
A. it; the B. it; a C. one ; a D. one ;the
15. _______ four years since I joined the Army.
A. It was B. It is C. There is D. There wasDBCBHomework Remember the grammar focus and finish exercises 1-3 on pages 57-58.
Preview the reading passage on page 22.