动词不定式
动词不定式的构成
形式 构成 例子
动词 肯定式 to(不定式符号)+动词原形 to speak
不 否定式 not+to+动词原形 not to speak
定式 疑问式 疑问词+to+动词原形 how to speak 21*cnjy*com
不 to+动词原形+宾语 to speak English
定 to+动词原形+状语 to speak loudly
式 to+动词原形+宾语+状语 to speak English loudly
短语 to+be+表语 to be a teacher
动词不定式的功能
功能 结构特点 例句2·1·c·n·j·y
主 a.常用it做形式主语，动词不定式做 It’s useful for us to learn English well
真正的主语，放在句子后面。基本结构是 学好英语对我们来说是很有用的。
语 It is/was +adj.(for/of sb.)+to do sth
b.常用It takes sb sometime to do sth.结构 It took me ten minutes to get there.
宾 a. 用在及物动词之后 I want to buy a computer.
b.常用it做形式宾语，动词不定式做真正的 I think it important to learn English well.
宾语，放在句子的后面。基本结构 我认为学好英语很重要。
语 是：主语+谓语动词+it+adj.+to do sth
表语 a.用在连系动词之后 my job is to feed animals.
定 a.动词不定式做定语时应后置，表示将要发生 I want to the first one to get to the top of the
语 的动作。被修饰语是不定式的逻辑主语或宾语。 mountain. 我想成为第一个到达山顶的人。
宾语 a.用在宾语之前，否定形式一般是在 The teacher told you not to talk in class.
补足语 不定式前加not
状语 a.表示目的 I usually go to see my grandparents.
b.表示原因 I’m glad to see you here.21世纪教育网版权所有
c.表示结果 the shoes are too small for me to wear.
d.表示程度 tom is old enough to go to school.
说明：为避免重复使用动词，常用to代替不定式短语。
--would you like to go swimming? --yes, I’d love to .
用法诀窍：to加动原是不定，非谓不做谓语用。有时有态无人称，功能如同名副形。可做宾状主表定，疑问副代可连用。宾补有to无to分两种，to前加not是否定。
用动词不定式作宾语的动词（短语）和跟双宾语的动词
用动词不定式作宾语的动词（短语）
动词（短语） 短语形式 例句 说明
Ask,decide,hope,want,agree +to do I agree to teach them English 这些动词只能接动词
choose,wish,would like 不定式作宾语
hate,like,love,prefer,begin,stare +to do sth/doing sth I like singing, but now I don’t like to sing. 差别意义不大
try，forget,remember,stop,go on +to do sth/doing sth please remember to lock the door 意义差别很大。
Help + to do sth /do sth kate usually helps to do some housework at home to可省略
Need +to do sth/doing sth you need to go home quickly,加动词不定式表示助动意义。
Your shoes need mending.加ing表示被动意义。
Ask, choose, decide, forget,
9 +疑问词+to do sth I don’t know how to answer this question. 疑问词why没有know, learn, see, show, teach , tell, understand, find out 次用法，不定式的逻辑主语常是句子的主语。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
跟双宾语的动词。
概述：有些及物动词可以接两个宾语，直接宾语和间接宾语，前者指物，表示动作的承受着或结果，后者常指人，表示动作的执行者或者对象。
结构：a.动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 +sb+sth please pass me the book
b.动词+直接宾语+介词（to/for）+间接宾语 +sth to/for+sb please pass the cheese to me
说明 1.当直接宾语为人称代词时，用结构b please pass it to me
2.当直接宾语比间接宾语短时，常用结构b lei feng always gave his seat to an old person or a person with a baby.
3.当强调间接宾语时，多用结构b。 dad bought the book doe me, not for you
4.在give, pass, show, hand. lend, return, sell. send, take, bring 等动词后，常用to表示给，强调动作的对象。
I’m sorry. I’ve lent the book to Kate.
5.在buy, get, make, choose, cook, do fingd, sing等动词之后常用for表示“为，替”强调动作的目的。
Please get two kilos of eggs for me.
一、作主语，可以用it代替，it叫形式主语，动词不定式放在后面叫真正主语
1．To learn a foreign language is not easy. It is not easy to learn a foreign language.2-1-c-n-j-y
2. It’s dangerous to drive very fast. 二、作表语My idea is to ring him up at once. 我的想法是马上给他打电话。 如果主语部分含实义动词do，且作表语的动词又是“do”的内容，这时表语不定式的“to”可以省略。如：
All I did was wait here.
我能做的就是在这里等。 三、常可接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree(同意), hope(希望), decide(决定), need(需要), mean(打算), wish(希望),
fail(失败), want(想要), begin(开始), would like(想要)等。
He has decided to go to the countryside.
他已决心去乡下。 四、“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构可以作动词know、think、find out等的宾语。
I don’t know who to ask. 我真不知道该问谁。
五、“疑问词 + 动词不定式”可以作动词show、teach、ask等后面的直接宾语。
She told me where to find the earphone.
她告诉我什么地方可以找到耳机。 六、如果宾语太长，可用it作形式宾语，构成“主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾语不足语(名词或形容词) + to do sth”结构，谓语动词常为find、think、feel等。【出处：21教育名师】
I found it difficult to stop him.
我发现拦截他很困难。 七、动词不定式可以作介词的宾语。 Autumn harvest is about to start.
秋收即将开始。
I’m worrying about what to do next.
我正愁下一步该怎么办。 八、作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。
I have a lot of books to read.
我有许多书要读。
此时，如果动词 定式动词为不及物动词，后面的介词绝对不能省略。
We had only a cold room to live in.
我们只有寒室一间。 九、作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词有主谓关系。
He is always the first to come and the last to leave.21·世纪*教育网
他总是第一个到，最后一个走。
十、作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词之间只有修饰关系。
We have no time to go to town today.
今天我们没有时间去城里。
十一、作状语的动词不定式常表示目的、原因、方向、结果等。
I’m glad to meet you.
见到你，我很高兴。
They ran over to welcome the foreign guests.
他们跑过来欢迎外宾。 十二、不定式复合结构“for sb to do sth”可用作主语、表语、定语、状语等。
It’s for her to decide.
这得由她来决定。（表语）
There are many books for you to read.
这有许多书供你阅读。（定语）
The book is too difficult for children to read.
这本书太难了，孩子们看
动词 不定式 afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake
2. 不带to的不定式结构 以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式： （1）在固定词组had better之后。注意：had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。如：
You had better go home now.
你最好现在回家。
It’s cold outside. You’d better not go out.
外面很冷，你最好不要出去。 （2）在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后，要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：
I made them give me the money back.
我迫使他们把钱还给我。
I didn’t see you come in.
我没看见你进来。 （3）在引导疑问句的why not之后。Why not+不带to的不定式是Why don’t you do的省略，可以用来提出建议或劝告。如：
Why not study with us？
为什么不和我们一起学呢？
Why not take a holiday?
=Why don’t you take a holiday？
为什么不休个假呢? （4）不定式动词在介词but, except, besides后面时，如这些介词前有实义动词do的各种形式，则后接不带to的不定式，否则带to。如：【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
I have no choice but to accept the fact.
除了接受这个事实我别无选择。
What do you like to do besides swim?
（5）为了避免重复，不定式可省去to。如：
I’m really puzzled what to think or say.
对于想什么或说什么，我真的很困惑。 二、 不定式的时态 不定式常用的时态有一般时、完成时、进行时和完成进行时四种，常用的为前三种。 1. 一般时动词不定式的一般式表示不定式的动作或状态与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或在之后发生。如： I plan to attend the meeting.
我计划参加这次会议。 2. 完成时不定式的完成式表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。如： I am sorry to have kept you waiting.
很抱歉让你久等了。 3. 进行时 不定式的进行式表示不定式的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。如：
They are said to be working hard.
据说他们工作得很努力。 4. 完成进行时不定式的完成进行式表示不定式的动作在谓语动词之前已经发生，并且一直进行着。如： He is said to have been working in that factory for twelve years. 据说他已在那家工厂工作12年了。 三、 动词不定式在句中的作用 1． 作主语To live is to work. 生活就是工作。To save time is to lengthen life. 节约时间就等于延长了人的生命。 不定式结构作主语时，现代英语倾向于采用it作形式主语，而把不定式结构后置的形式。如： It is important for students to study English. 学好英语对学生来说是很重要的。 2. 作定语
（1）不定式作定语，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词的后面。如：
I have nothing to say on this question.
对这个问题我无可奉告。
（2）如果不定式是不及物动词，后面就应有必要的介词。如：
Give me a piece of paper to write on.
给我一张纸写字。
（3）有些名词常可用不定式作定语。如：
Our teacher had no time to think about rest.
我们老师根本没时间考虑休息一下。 3. 作宾语
a．want，decide ，agree等动词后面跟并且只能跟不定式。如：
We agreed to start early．
She wants to be a doctor．
b．love，like ，begin，start，hate ，prefer等词后面可以接不定式。
点击规律：上述动词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思无很大区别。
提示板：like doing指经常性动作，而like to do指一次性的动作。如：
I like swimming，but I don't like to swim now
．我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。
c．stop，forget，remember，go on ，try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。
点击规律：上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。
提示板： 1）stop to do sth．：停止一件事，去做另一件事。 ? stop doing sth．：停止正在做的事。
例句：
When the teacher came in，the students stopped talking；when he came out，the students stopped to talk．
当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；当老师走出去时，学生们又开始说话。
2）思考：forget，remember，go on，try等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别？ 21cnjy.com
d．在find／feel＋it＋adj．＋to do sth．句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如：
The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep．21*cnjy*com
I feel it easy to recite the text．
点击规律：某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词作宾语，二者用法上的区别可以通过造句子加以区分，如上面stop例句。 I wish to be a college student.我希望成为一名大学生。有的及物动词要求跟复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)。如果其中的宾语是不定式短语，则必须将形式宾语it放在宾语的位置上，而将不定式短语(真正的宾语)放在宾语补足语之前。如： I find it useful to learn English well.
我发现学好英语很有用。 4. 作宾语补足语动词不定式作宾语补足语是动词不定式用法的一个重点，学习时要注意以下三种情况。 （1）作动词ask, like, tell等的宾语补足语时，动词不定式符号to不可以省略。如： He asked me to talk about English study.
他请我谈谈英语学习。 （2）作使役动词let, have, make以及感官动词feel, hear, see, watch等的宾语补足语时，动词不定式符号to要省略。如：
The teacher made him say the word like this.
老师让他像这样说这个单词。 （3）作动词help的宾语补足语时，动词不定式符号to可以带，也可以不带。如： Could you help me (to) carry the heavy box？
你能帮我搬这个重箱子吗？ 5. 作状语动词不定式及其短语具有副词的特性，可在句中作状语。 （1）作目的状语。如：
He stopped to have a rest. 他停下来休息。 （2）作结果状语。如：
He woke up to find everybody gone.他醒来发现大家都走了。 （3）在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后作原因状语。如：
I’m sorry to hear your grandma is ill.
听到你奶奶生病真遗憾。 （4）在带有enough或too的句子里作状语，表程度。如：
He is old enough to go to school.
他到了上学年龄了。 （5）强调动词不定式所表示的目的时，动词不定式可用in order to或so as to +动词原形，so as to不用于句首。如： The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers.
公共汽车停下来以便接乘客。
1. Don't forget _________ the letter.
A. to send B. send C. sending D. being sent 2. The chair looks very old, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___
A. sit B. sit on C. be sat D. be sat on 3. Is ______ necessary to return the book tomorrow?
A. this B. that C. it D. which 4. I'm afraid they would not allow him ________ here.
A. to smoke B. smoking C. smokes D. smoke 5. Mother told me ________ the water before I drank it.
A. boiling B. boiled C. boil D. to boil 6. On my way home, I stopped _______ some food.
A. buy B. to buy C. buying? D. bought 7. John was made _____ the car for a week as a punishment.
A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing 8. The sitting-room needs _______, but it'll have to wait until Saturday. A. be cleaning B. to be cleaned C. clean D. being cleaned 9. The first thing I want to do is __________. A. visit to him B. to visit him C. visiting him D. visited him 10. Li Yang advised me _________ too much, otherwise I would have been drunk. A. not to drink B. to drink C. not drinking D. drinking
参考答案 1. A. forget to do sth .? 忘记去做某事。forget doing sth .? 忘记做过某事。
2. B. sit on the chair, 其中on不能少。
3. C. it为形式主语。 4. A. allow sb to do
5. D. tell sb, to do
6. B.? stop to do 停下去做另一件事。stop doing停止做某事。
7. A. make sb do? 在被动语态中为be made to do .
8.B. need to be done与need doing皆为“需要被做”之意。
9. B.不定式结构作表语。
10. A.不定式的否定式：advise sb not to do
1. This company was the first ____ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world.
A. producing B. to produce C. having produced D. produced
2. The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, ____it more difficult.
A .not making B. not make C .not to make D. nor to make
3. Helen had to shout ______above the sound of the music .
A .making herself hear B. to make herself hear
C. making herself heard D .to make herself heard
4. I don’t know whether you happen_______ ,but I am going to study in the U.S.A this September.
A .to be heard. B. to be bearing C .to hear D .to have heard
5. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______the film stars had left.
A .to tell B .to be told C .telling D .told
6. You were silly not _______your car.
A. to lock B. to have locked C. locking D. having locked 【版权所有：21教育】
7. The teacher asked us ______so much noise.
A .don’t make B. not make C. not making D .not to make
8. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _____clear warnings before firing any shots.
A .to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued
9. I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than_______ a room with someone else.
A. to share B. to have shared C. share D. sharing
10. The bank is reported in the local newspaper_________ in broad daylight yesterday.
A. robbed B. to have been robbed C. being robbed D. having been robbed
11. A number of paintings in the castle are believed ________in a fire.
A. being destroyed B. having been destroyed
C. to be destroyed D. to have been destroyed
12. The meeting _______ next week is sure to be a great success.
A. to take place B. to be taken place C. to have taken place D. being taken place
13. As a result of my laziness, I failed ________ my work in time.
A. and finished B. to finish C. and finishing D. to finished
14. I am sorry ______ written you a letter at the time.
A. to have not B. to not have C. not to have D. not having
15. Will you lend him a magazine _________?
A. to be read B. for reading C. to read D. he read
16. He could do nothing but _______for the bus _________.
A. wait, to come B. wait; come C. waiting; coming D. waited; came
17 .It is a problem that doesn't need ________ right now.
A. to solve B. solving C. being solved D. to be solving
18. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _______ trouble.
A. making B. to make C. to have made D. having made
19. I remember _______him _______the bike needed __________.
A. hearing, saying, to repair B. to hear, say, to repair
C. hearing, say, repairing D. to hear, saying, to be repaired
20. --- You should have thanked her before you left.
--- I meant _________, but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.
A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing so
21. Robert is said to __________ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied B. to study B. to be studying D. to have been studying
22. I’m gong to Xi’an next week. Have you anything __________ to your parents?
A. to take B. to be taken C. to be bought to D. to buy
23. When are they __________ in their plan?
A. hand B. handed C. to hand D. give
24. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they _____________.
A. have survived B. are to survive C. would survived D. will survive
25. When we hurried to the station, there happened__ no bus at that time.
A. to have B. to be C. having D. being
26. I lost my way in complete darkness and, _________ matters worse, it began to rain.
A. made B. having made C. making D. to make
27. At ________ time does the salesgirl get up late in the morning, though she is always too busy _________ a good rest.
A. no, to take B. no, taking C. any, to take D. one, taking
28. --Are you a student?
--No, but I used _________.
A. to be B. to was C. to do D. to be a
29. I stopped to listen, and my son seemed _________ himself _________ in the living room.
A. to enjoy, to shut B. to be enjoying, shutting
C. to be enjoying, shut D. to have enjoyed, having shut
30. With a lot of difficult problems _________, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled
31. We’re leaving at six o’clock, and hope _________ most of the journey by lunch time.www.21-cn-jy.com
A. to do B. to have done C. to make D. to have made
32. The study of the wild world may help to make the world easier _________.
A. understood B. to be understood C. to understand D. understand
33. Who will you get __________ the project for us?
A. design B. to design C. designed D. designing
34. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government know __________.
A. it what to do with B. what to do it with C. what to do with it D. to do what with it
35. We are not allowed __________ outdoors with some other children.
A. playing B. to be playing C. to play D. be playing
36. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _________ to carry all the way home.21教育名师原创作品
A. much too heavy B. too much heavy C. heavy too much D. too heavy much
37. She feels so strongly that each of us should have a role __________in making the earth a better place to live in.
A. to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing
38. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person _________.
A. to send B. for sending it C. to send it to D. for sending it to
39. Do let your mother know all the truth, she appears _________ everything.
A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told
40. There are five pairs ___________, but I’m at a loss which to buy.
A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing
41. The problem is _________ difficult for us __________.
A. so; work out B. very too; to be worked out
C. rather too, to work out D. quite too, to work it out
42. ---Where should I _________ my application? ---The personnel office is the place __________.
A. send; to send it B. send for; to send it to C. send for; for sending it D. send; to send it to
43. I’ve worked with children before, so I know what ___________ in my new job.
A. expected B. to expect C. expects D. to be expecting
44. I feel it is your husband who ___________ for the spoiled child.
A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame
45. Can you imagine the questions I had __________ our teacher?
A. asked B. to ask C. asking D. ask
46. Who did you _________ the wall yesterday?
A. have painted B. have paint C. have to paint D. have painting
47. ---What’s the matter with John?
---He didn’t pass the test but he still ___________.
A. hopes so B. hopes to C. hope it D. hope that
48. Much attention should be paid ____________ people’s living conditions.
A. in improving B. to improve C. improving D. to improving
49. ___________ that evening was due to his ill health.
A. He failed to come B. That he failed to coming
C. His failure to come D. His failure in coming
50. I would love _______ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.
A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone
51. My family considers ________ a computer, which is considered ________ a great help in our work and study.
A. to buy; to be B. buying; being C. to buy; being D. buying; to be
52. With the plane _________ in ten minutes, all the passengers on board were asked to turn off their mobile phones.
A. taken off B. taking off C. to take off D. would take off
53. Thank you for all the trouble you’ve taken _________ me.
A. to help B. with to help C. in helping D. of helping
54. He is believed ________ the college exam, for he is now studying very hard now.
A. to pass B. to have passed C. pass D. that he can pass
55.--- Will you have anybody _________ the flowers?
---- Yes, I’ll have the flowers _________.
A. plant, planted B. to plant, planted
C. plant; to be planted D. to plant, plant
56. They are looking forward with hope________ from you soon.
A. to hearing B. of hearing C. hearing D. to hear
57. Busy translating a book, he couldn’t help _________ the article.
A. write B. writing C. wrote D. written
58. Zhou Lan doesn’t have to be made__________. She always studies very hard.
A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned
59. ________this cake, you’ll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar, and 175 g flour.
A. Having made, B, Make C. To make D. Making
60. I feel it an honour _________ to speak here.
A. to be asked B. to ask C. having asked D. asked
1---10 BCDDB BDACB 11---20 DABCC ABBCB 21---30 ABCBB DAACC
31-40 BCBCC ABCDB 41—50CDBAB BBDCB 51—60 DCAAA AABCA
1. Tell him ______ the light.
A. to turn B. not to turn on C. to not turn D. not to turn
2. It took us more than two hours _______ the dinner.
A. prepare B. preparing C. to prepare D. to be prepared
3. We felt the earth _______.
A. move B. moving C. to move D. be moved
4. The students were made ______ the text ten times.
A. read B. reading C. to read D. to be read
5. The chair looks rather hard _______, but in fact it is very comfortable.
A. to sit B. to sit on C. sitting D. sitwww-2-1-cnjy-com
6. Nobody knows __________next.
A. what to do B. to do what C. which to do D. how to do
7. It is very important ______ us ________these words.
A. to, to remember B. for, to remember
C. for, remember D. for, remembering
8. _______ English well, one must have a lot practice
A. For speaking B. Speaking C. To speak? D. Speak
9. I'm going to the library ______ the books.
A. return B. borrow C. to return D. to lend
10. We went to town _________ some shopping.
A. doing B. did C. to make D. to do
11. The funny story _______ me laugh.
A. make B. making C. to make D. made
12. After the final exam, I think all the students want _________.
A. stop to have a rest B. to stop having a rest
C. to stop to have a rest D. stopping to have a rest
13. It is very kind _______ you to help me with my housework. It is hard _____me to do all the work.
A. of, for B. for, of C. of, to D. to, for
14. Many people think it very difficult _______ English.
A. to say B. to learn C. speak D. for speaking
15. The teacher asked the students __________ her _______ the word again.
A. listen to; to read B. to hear; say
C. to listen to; speak D. to listen to; pronounce
16.Remember ______ the book here tomorrow.
A. bring B. to bring C. take D. to take
17. ---Let's have a rest, shall we?
--- Not now. I don't want to stop _______ the letter yet.
A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write
18. ---This physics problem is too difficult. Can you show me __________, Wang Lin?
--- Sure.
A. what to work it out B. what to work out it
C. how to work it out D. how to work out it
19.--- How can I improve my spoken English?
--- You have to practise ______ as much as you can.
A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak
20. --- How about going hiking this weekend? --- Sorry. I prefer _______ rather than _______.
A. to stay at home, go out B. to go out, stay at home
C. staying at home, go out D. going out, stay at home
1-5 BBACB 6-10 ABCCD? 11-15 DCABD 16-20 BCCBA
一、动词不定式作主语
1. It's our duty _________ the room every day.
A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. clean s (甘肃省) 2. It's hard for us _________ English well.21教育网
A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning (江西省) 3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。
It will _________ the workers over a year _________ _________ the flyover.(北京市海淀区)
4. It's very nice _________ you to get me two tickets _________ the World Cup.
A. for， of B. of， for C. to， for D. of， to (安徽省)
Keys： 1. A 2. C 3. take， to， build 4.D ［简析］动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。常见的句式有：
(1)It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth.
(2)It is +名词(for sb)to do sth.
(3)It takes sb some time to do sth.
(4)It is +形容词(for sb)to do sth.句式(1)中常用nice， kind， clever， good， right， wrong， foolish， careless等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质；句式(4)中常用hard， difficult， easy， important等形容词，与介词for搭配，表示不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。
二、动词不定式作宾语
1. He wants ______ some vegetables.
A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys (山西省) 2. Don't forget ______ your homework with you when you come to school.
A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking (福建)
3. He found it very difficult ______.
A. sleeping B. sleeps C. slept D. to fall asleep (湖南省) Keys： 1. C 2. A 3. D
［简析］在want， like， agree， hope， wish， learn， begin， start， seem， decide， hate， choose， forget， remember等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾语。如果其后接形容词补足语时，则可以用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面。
三、动词不定式作宾语补足语
1. Robert often asks us ______ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before. A. help him B. to help him with C. to help with D. helps him with (江苏省)
2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends ______ Chinese food.
A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked (甘肃省) Key： 1. B 2. C
［简析］不定式可以用作宾语补足语。后面可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask， teach， expect， tell， allow等。
四、动词不定式作状语 1. She went ______ her teacher.
A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing (江西省) 2. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best ______ English well.
A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns (四川省) Key： 1. A 2. C
［简析］go， come， try， do / try one's best等动词或短语动词作谓语时，其后常常可以接不定式作目的状语。
3. I'm sorry ______ that.
A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear (河北省) 4. I'm sorry ______ you.
A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. troubled (吉林省) 5. My mother was very glad ______ her old friend.
A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets (甘肃省) Keys： 3. D 4. B 5. A21·cn·jy·com
［简析］＂be +形容词+ to do sth＂结构中的不定式作状语，常表示原因或方式。 6. The panda is so fat that it can't go through the hole.(改为意思相同的句子) The hole ______ ______ ______ ______ such a fat panda to go through. (广东省) 7. The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldn't skate on it. (改为意思相同的句子) The ice on the lake wasn't ______ enough ______ people ______ ______ ______. (广东省) Keys： 6. is， too， small， for 7. thick， for， to， skate， on
［简析］在上述＂too +形容词/副词(for sb)to do…＂(太……而不能……)和＂enough (for sb) to do…＂(足以、足够……做……)结构中，不定式作结果状语。
五、动词不定式作定语
1. Would you like something ______?
A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks (湖北省) 2. I have a lot of homework ______.
A. do B. doing C. did D. to do (河南省) 3. He is not an easy man ______.
A. get on B. to get on C. get on with D. to get on with (山东省) Key： 1. C 2. D 3. D
［简析］不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰的词语之后，与被修饰的词语为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系；如果不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上必要的介词或副词，构成的短语动词相当于及物动词。
六、不带to的动词不定式
1. We saw him ______ the building and go upstairs.
A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered (河南省)
2. So much work usually makes them ______ very tired.
A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel (吉林省) 3. Your father is sleeping. You'd better ______.
A. not wake up him B. not to wake up him
C. not wake him up D. not to wake him up (陕西省)
4. I was made ______ my homework in the afternoon. A. do B. doing C. to do D. did (贵州省) Key： 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C
［简析］1.在see， watch， hear， feel等感官动词和make， have， let等使役动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式不带to.但是在被动语态中，作主语补足语的不定式要带to(let没有被动语态)。2.在＂had better＂后面接不带to的不定式。
七、动词不定式的否定形式
1. Mr Black asked the man ________ the queue.
A. not to jump B. to not jump C. didn't jump D. not jump (广西壮族
2. The old man told the child ______ noisy.
A. not be B. not to be C. to not be D. be not (湖北省)
3. There is going to ______ an important meeting tomorrow. Please try ______ late.
A. have， not to be B. have， not be C. be， not to be D. be， not be (内蒙古自治区)
Key： 1. A 2. B 3. C
简析］动词不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符号to的前面加上not，如果是不带to的不定式就直接在动词原形前面加上not.
八、某些动词后面接不定式和接动词-ing形式的区别 1. Please stop ______ a rest if you feel tired.
A. to have B. having C. have D. has (广西壮族自治区) 2. ——Why didn't you buy some bread on your way home?
——Sorry, I forgot ______ some money with me. A. take B. taking C. to take D. took (湖北省)
——Let's have a rest, shall we?
——Not now, I can't stop ______ the letters.
A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write (湖北省)
4. Jim was badly hurt, so he had to stop ______ (walk). (用所给单词的正确形式填空)(四川省) Key： 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. walking
简析］一些常见的动词后面接不定式和接动词的-ing形式的区别如下：＂stop to do sth＂意为＂停止正在做的事情去做另外一件事＂，＂stop doing sth＂意为＂停止正在做的事＂：＂remember to do sth＂意为＂记住去做某事＂(事还未做)，＂remember doing sth＂意为＂记得做过某事＂(事已做)：＂go on to do sth＂意为＂接着做某事＂(做完一事，接着做另一事)，＂go on doing sth＂意为＂继续做某事＂(一事未做完接着往下做)：＂forget to do sth＂意为＂忘了做某事＂(事还未做)，＂forget doing sth＂意为＂忘了曾做过某事＂(事已做)。 5. When I was walking in the street I saw a plane ______ over my head.
A. flies B. flying C. flew D. to fly (福建省) 6. A woman saw it ______ when she was walking past.
A. happen B. happens C. happening D. to happen (黑龙江省) Key： 5. B 6. A
［简析］在see， hear， watch， feel等感官动词后面可接不带to的不定式，也可接动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语，用不定式表示动作的全过程(动作已结束)，用动词的-ing形式表示动作正在进行(动作尚未结束)。
九、动词不定式的省略及其符号to的保留
1. Would you like to go to the cinema with us?
Yes, ______. What time are we going to meet?
A. I would B. I would like C. I like to D. I'd like to (浙江省)
2. Would you like to go for a picnic with us?
______. What time are we going to meet?
A. No, I can't B. Yes, I'm glad C. Yes, I'd love to D. I'd like (大连市) Keys： 1. D 2. C
简析］在口语中，动词不定式中的动词或短语动词在上下文中重复出现时，第二个动词不定式可以省略，但是to不可省略。这种用法常见于＂be glad to＂，＂would like (love) to＂，＂have to＂等结构中。
十、动词不定式的被动式和其他形式
The new hospital ______ is near the factory.
A. build B. builds C. to build D. to be built (青海省)
Key： D
［简析］当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者(宾语)时，用动词不定式的被动式，即：to be +过去分词；如果不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，不定式用完成式，即：to have +过去分词；如果不定式表示的动作和谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，用不定式的进行式，即：to be +现在分词
动词不定式作宾语及双宾语结构解析
1. 我们经常需要表达“同意做某事” 或 “决定做某事”等句子，这种一个句子连续出现两个动词的情况下，我们要用到动词不定式作宾语，即agree / decide to do sth.。初中阶段我们常见后接动词不定式作宾语的动词有： plan，decide，want, agree, try, wait, wish, hope等。例如： 21cnjy.com
I want to talk to Tom.
我想和汤姆谈话。
2. 双宾语就是有些动词后面跟直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物，间接宾语是指动词所涉及的人。例如: 21·cn·jy·com
They gave him a watch.
他们给了他一块手表。
这里的him是间接宾语，a watch是直接宾语，间接宾语和直接宾语同时出现时叫双宾语。
英语中，有许多及物动词后面能跟双宾语，如：give, bring, lend, pass, send, show, leave, buy, tell, teach, sell, write, buy, sing等。例如：www.21-cn-jy.com
He teaches us English.
他教我们英语。
The old man told us a story yesterday.
那位老人昨天给我们讲了一个故事。
★注意：“及物动词 ＋ 间接宾语 ＋ 直接宾语”的结构一般可以改写为“及物动词 ＋ 直接宾语 ＋ for / to sb.”的结构。例如： 2·1·c·n·j·y
She bought me some presents.
= She bought some presents for me.
她给我买了一些礼物。
Please show me your new book.
= Please show your new book to me.
请给我看看你的新书。
【跟踪练习】同义句改写，每空一词。
1. I hope I can get higher marks next time.
I hope_______________ higher marks next time.
2. He makes a plan to do some sightseeing this summer holiday.21世纪教育网版权所有
He _____________________ do some sightseeing this summer holiday.
3. You must bring me your homework tomorrow.
You must____________ your homework _____________ me tomorrow.
4. Please get me something to drink.
Please ____________ something ________________ me to drink.
5. She taught some new songs to us yesterday.
She _______________________ some new songs yesterday.21教育网
Key：
1. to get 2. plans to 3. bring; to 4. get; for 5. taught us
课件7张PPT。Grammar动词不定式和双宾语生活中我们经常遇到“我努力去理解”、
“决定留下来”等表达方式，其中连续出现了两个动词，这种情况下英语应该如何表达呢？首先请看下面的例句：
We decided to stay for a cup of tea.
我们决定留下来喝杯茶。
动词不定式置于谓语动词之后，作动词
的宾语，表明意图，希望或决定的内容。1. 动词不定式作宾语在英语中，并不是所有两个动词连用时
都采用动词+不定式的形式，一般来
说，用不定式时，所表示的多为将来的
行为。但是在具体使用中同学们还要注
意记忆，因为动词不同，对其后动词形
式的要求也就不同。常见的后面接“to + 动词原形”作宾语的动词有: plan, love, decide, hope, want, agree, offer, try, like。双宾语概念：英语中有些动词可以可以带两个宾语，这些动词大都有“给予”的含义。这两个宾语分别称为直接宾语（动作的结果）和间接宾语（动作的目标）。通常情况下，间接宾语位于直接宾语之前，如果间接宾语在在直接宾语之后，则间接宾语前必须加“to”（表示动作对什么人而做）或“for”（表示动作为什么人而做）。
He sent me a card. = He sent a card to me.
She gave me a book .= She gave a book to me.
She bought me a tie. = She bought a tie for me.
He made me a cake. = He made a cake for me.2. 双宾语有些动词可以接两个宾语，即指人的间
接宾语和指物的直接宾语，这两个宾语
称为“双宾语”。结构为“及物动词+间宾+直宾”。有时还可用“及物动词+直宾+to / for + 间宾” 结构来表达。
I passed him a bottle of apple juice.
= I passed a bottle of apple juice to him.
我递给他一瓶苹果汁。后接介词to 的动词有：give, show, pass,
lend, take, tell 等；后接介词for的动词
有：buy, make, cook, get, sing, read等。
一般来讲，for表示“为某人”，而to表示“给某人”，即表示某人接受或收到了某物。如：
give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.
bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb.
lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.hand sb. sth. = hand sth. to sb.
send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb.
show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.
leave sb. sth. = leave sth. to sb.
teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb.
buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.
cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb.
read sb. sth. = read sth. for sb.同步练习 1
I. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. There are many ______(audience) there.
2. So far, he ______(lose) five pens.
3. People call him _____(master) of music.
4. He worked as a ___(wait) in a restaurant.
5. Today is her ____(twenty) birthday.
II. 根据汉语提示完成英文句子。（每空一词）
1. 事故在哪发生的？
Where did the accident _________ _________?
2. 让我们热烈欢迎布莱克一家人。
Let's _________ ________ __________ ___________ to the Blacks.
3. 在全世界你都无法找到恐龙。
You can't find a dinosaur ________ ________ ________ __________.
4. 是跟你说再见的时候了。
It's time ______ ________ _________ __________ you. 21教育网
5. 妈妈叫汤姆打扫卫生。
Mum ________ Tom ________ ________ some cleaning. 21cnjy.com
III. 按要求完成句子。
1. He wants to see a film tomorrow evening. (对画线部分提问)21世纪教育网版权所有
_______ he _______ to do tomorrow evening?
2. Lily offered to take me to the cinema. (对画线部分提问)21·cn·jy·com
_________ Lily ________ to take you?
3. My brother hopes to go to the teahouse. (对画线部分提问)2·1·c·n·j·y
__________ your brother ___________________?
4. my / she / to / understand / words / tried / . (连词成句)【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
____________________________________
5. a / made / the / her/ for / grandma / girl / card / . (连词成句)
______________________________
6. to / supermarket / they / to / the / go / agreed / . (连词成句)
____________________________
7. Mum cooked me eggs. (改为同义句)
___________________
8. Please give him the book. (改为同义句)
__________________________
参考答案
I. 1. audience 2. lost 3. Master 4. waiter 5. twentieth www.21-cn-jy.com
II. 1. take place 2. give a wonderful / warm welcome 3. all over / around the world
4. to say goodbye to 5.asked / asks; to do
III. 1.What does; want
2. Where did; offer
3. What does; hope to do
4. She tried to understand my words.
5. The girl made a card for her grandma.
6. They agreed to go to the supermarket.
7. Mum cooked eggs for me.
8. Please give the book to him.
同步练习 2
I. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Mr Li decided _________ (be) a teacher when he was young.21cnjy.com
2. Can you _________ (give) her the pen?
3. His parents _________ (buy) an MP3 player for him www.21-cn-jy.com
4. We plan _________ (visit) Beijing next month.2·1·c·n·j·y
5. Miss Yu _________ (teach) us maths next term.
II. 从方框中选择合适的词，并用其适当形式填空，补全短文。
full; silver; twenty; wait; enjoy; performance; orange; watch
It's Lingling's 1. _______ birthday. The family is preparing a party for her. The room is 2 ._______ of flowers and presents from her friends. But what's her parents' present for her? It's in an 3. _______ box. What's in it? Oh, it's a 4.________ necklace.21世纪教育网版权所有
It's six o'clock in the evening. All of them haven't had supper yet because they need 5. _____ for some other of Lingling's friends. They are 6. ______ acrobatics shows on TV while waiting. The 7. _________ is very wonderful. At seven o'clock, all of her friends arrive. Then they begin to have a(n) 8. _________ party together.21教育网
参考答案
I. 1. to be 2. give 3. bought 4. to visit 5. will teach21·cn·jy·com
II. 1. thirteenth 2. full 3. orange 4. silver 5. to wait / wait
6. watching 7. performance 8. enjoyable
Module 5知识辅导和语法
offer
offer to do sth. 表示“主动提出做某事
offer to help sb. 表示愿意帮助某人
off sb. sth. 主动提供给某人某东西 例如：
He offered to help me. 他主动帮助我。
I offered her a beautiful dress. 我给了她一件漂亮的连衣裙。
offer 1.000 pounds for the house 出价一千镑买这所房子
be famous for
be famous for 以...著名
be famous as 作为...著名
Lao She is famous as a writer.
Coco is famous for her songs.
Coco is famous as a singer.
3. be named
Be named 意思是“被誉为, 被命名为”
He was named a Bill Gates in our school.
4. If you like Beijing Opera, …
注意里面的if从句: 如果… 例如：
If you come here earlier, you can see the pop star.21世纪教育网版权所有
5. Lao She’s Teahouse gives a wonderful welcome to everyone from all over the world.
give a wonderful/ warm welcome to sb.= give sb a wonderful/ warm welcome 意思是：热情欢迎21cnjy.com
give a cold welcome to sb. = give sb a cold welcome欢迎不热烈，比较冷淡。 例如：
We gave the pop star a warm welcome yesterday.
He didn’t know why his fans give him a cold welcome.www.21-cn-jy.com
语法：
I.用动词不定式作宾语的动词及结构
动词+带to不定式,即用动词不定式作宾语。 常见的有以下动词: expect，fail，agree，ask，hope，happen，decide, learn, try, want, choose…例如:21教育网
expect to see the pop star
fail to pass the test
agree to clean the floor
ask to see the manager
hope to get a few more
happen to meet
II.．双宾语
定义：当动词有2个宾语时，一般结构是：动词＋人＋物，我们把这种结构称作双宾语。其中人被称作间接宾语，物被称作直接宾语。2·1·c·n·j·y
句子结构是：主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物） 例如：
① Please show me the letter. ② Can you buy me a meal? ③ I will give you the latest news. ④ John has sent Betty the book.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
注意：
1、间接宾语可以改为由介词to或for引起的短语，放在直接宾语后面。如：
He gave her some chips. = He gave some chips to her. 21·世纪*教育网
2、以下几种情况通常要用介词to或for引起的短语：
1）当直接宾语是人称代词(it/them)时。如：
This book is Mr. Wang’s. Please give it to him.
2）当强调间接宾语时。如：
Mother cooks meals for us every day.
3）当间接宾语比直接宾语长一些时。如：
On the bus, she often gives her seat to the old person. 21·cn·jy·com
3、1）用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。由to引出间接宾语的动词有：bring, give, show, pass, lend, take, tell， hand, offer, pass, pay,等；例如：
He brings cookies to me every day.
2）用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。由for引出间接宾语的动词有：buy, make, cook, get, sing, read ，choose, draw, find, get,等。 例如：She made a beautiful dress for me.www-2-1-cnjy-com
复合宾语和双宾语
点击一：什么是双宾语？什么是复合宾语？ 1、英语中，有些及物动词可以接两个宾语，即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语，这两个宾语称为"双宾语"。句子结构为："主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语"。如： My parents bought me a computer.21cnjy.com
我父母给我买了一台电脑。 2、英语中有些及物动词接了宾语之后还需接宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的有关情况，否则句子意思就不完整。宾语和宾语补足语合称为"复合宾语"。句子结构为："主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语"。能作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、动词-ing形式、动词不定式、介词短语等。如：He?made?us?laugh.他使我们哈哈大笑。 点击二：双宾语用法要点 1、间接宾语可以改为由介词to或for引起的短语，放在直接宾语后面。如：
He gave her some chips.
= He gave some chips to her. 2、以下几种情况通常要用介词to或for引起的短语： 1)当直接宾语是人称代词(it/them)时。如：21世纪教育网版权所有
This book is Mr Wang's. Please give it to him. 2)当强调间接宾语时。如：21·cn·jy·com
Mother cooks meals for us every day. 3)当间接宾语比直接宾语长一些时。如： www.21-cn-jy.com
On the bus, she often gives her seat to the old person. 3、由to引出间接宾语的动词有：give, show, pass, lend, take, tell等；由for引出间接宾语的动词有：buy, make, cook, get, sing, read等。 点击三：复合宾语用法要点 1、常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep,?make,?find等。如：
We must keep our classroom clean. 2、常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有：call, name, make, think等。如：
We call them moon cakes. 3、常接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, find, keep等。如：
In the country, we can hear birds singing. 4、常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, find, leave等。如：
I left my pen on my desk at home. 5、常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask, tell, want, teach, wish等；接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, make, let等。如：
I often see him play football. She often asks me to help her.21教育网
注：help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。如：
I often help my mother(to) do some housework. 点击四：怎样区分"双宾语"和"复合宾语"？ 看宾语与其后面的成分之间的关系：如果宾语与其后成分之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系(或主表关系)，那么该动词所接的是复合宾语，否则就是双宾语。如：
Who kept you waiting so long?
(宾语you与waiting之间存在着主谓关系，因此you waiting是复合宾语。)
课件6张PPT。Direct and indirect objects（直接宾语和间接宾语）及物动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）。 He brings me cookies every day.
She made me a beautiful dress.但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for:He brings cookies to me every day.
She made a beautiful dress for me.及物动词+直接宾语（事物）+ to/ for+间接宾(人）。
双宾语用to侧重指动作的方向，
表示朝着，向着，对着某人。
用for侧重指动作的受益者，
表示为了某人，替某人。常跟双宾语的动词有：
（需借助to的）：bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, read, return, send, show, teach, tell, ask, leave, throw, take, write,等。
（需借助for的)：build, buy, call, change, cook, choose, do, draw, fetch, find, forgive, get, make, order, play(演奏), sing, save, win等。 带双宾语的及物动词,如果把直接宾语置于间接宾语之前, 必须在变换时加“to”或“for”。这11个及物动词可以概括为下边两句话, 读起来妙趣横生, 效果很好。
“七给” “一带”to不少,
“买”“画”“制作”for来了。 ①“七给”(give, pass, lend, write, show, send, hand)和“带”(bring)8个及物动词,在直接宾语前置时,必须在后面加上“to”。即“vt. + sth. + to + sb.”
He lent some money to me.巧记带双宾语的动词 ②“buy”(买);“draw”(画);“make”(制作)三个动词,在直接宾语前置时,则必须在后边加“for”,构成“vt. + sth. + for + sb.”。
Mother bought a new dress for me. Exercise
1.Can you explain _______?
A. this problem to me B. me this problem
C. to me problem D. me problem
2.He made a new dress_____ his wife and gave it _____ her on her birthday.
A. to; for B. for; to C. for; for D. to; toAB3.Mr. Smith apologized _____ the lady _____ what her son had done.
A. to; to B. to; for C. for; to D. for; for
4.Read the letter and ____ him.
A. pass it on to B. pass on it to
C. pass it for D. pass it onBA5.Which one is not right?
A. Will you do me a favour?
B. Will you do a favour for me?
C. Will you do a favour to me?
D. Will you do me the favour to help me with
my English?
6.The little boy wanted to have a book at his birthday present, but the cruel stepmother ____ him his request.
A. refused B. answered C. gave D. promisedCALao She’s Teahouse
This is one exciting cultural place at Qianmen off the main tourist itinerary. It is named after the drama Teahouse by Chinese author, Lao She. Although an attempt to give a taste of a Beijing tea-house during Lao She’s time, it has instead transformed into a wonderful entertainment house with short shows by comedians, singers, musicians, acrobats and opera performers. In short, one can have a kaleidoscopic view of Beijing culture while sipping tea with light refreshment. Dinner before the show is provided separately in another section of the building and the price of the food is reasonable. An adjacent room display paintings, art objects like paper cuttings, figurines, antiques, kites and jade carvings.21cnjy.com
Lao She (1899-1966), real name Shu Qingchun, was of Manchurian descent and the famous author of the book called “Camel Xiangzi” also known in the US as “Rickshaw”. It was a bestseller in the US where Lao She was a visiting professor. He also taught Chinese at the Oriental School of London University in his earlier days. His drama Teahouse displayed his linguistic talent of the Beijing dialect, depicting the customers with their bird cages and their pipes enjoying tea and gossip. Other famous works are Crescent Moon, City of Cats, The Yellow Storm and the Drum Singers. Unfortunately, despite his great love for China, he was hounded by the Gang of Four to suicide by drowning. He was posthumously rehabilitated in 1979 and his complete works were fully available. His wife, Hu Jieqing (1905-2001) a close friend of Prof. M.L. Pei, was an accomplished painter. 21世纪教育网版权所有
The owner of the Lao She Teahouse, Yin Shengxi, is a student of the son of Qi Baishi, one of China’s best contemporary painters. Hence, one can see the busts of both Lao She and Qi Baishi at the entrance to the Teahouse.21教育网
Lao She’s Teahouse
Founded in 1988, Lao She Teahouse is named after Mr. Lao She, a famous artist in China, and Tea House, one of the famous novels he wrote.? With service area of more than 2,600 square meters, the teahouse provides an antique-flavor, Beijing-styled environment, where you can watch wonderful performances by celebrities from folk arts and drama on any given day while enjoying famous teas, palace snacks as well as traditional Beijing flavor state, numerous celebrities and more than 2 million Chinese and foreign tourists have visited Lao She Teahouse since it was founded. It has been a window for exhibiting the national culture and bridge that connects China with the rest of the world.21世纪教育网版权所有
Qianmen Courtyard Teahouse is another entirely new offering the tea culture.? It is in the form of a courtyard house, a kind of ancient, classic traditional building in Beijing, with the tea art at its core. We’ve created a graceful, Beijing-unique tea art house that you can only dream about. Here you feel nothing but leisure, tranquility and ease. You may listen to melodious music from Chinese zither, watch wonderful tea art performances and sip fragrant tea and enjoy the leisure brought by tea.
Lao She
Lao Shê (1899-1966) - also Lao She - pseudonym of Shu Sheyou, original name Shu Qingchun【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
Chinese playwright and author of humorous, satiric novels and short stories. Lao Shê is perhaps best known for his story Lo-t'o Hsiang Tzu (1936, Rickshaw Boy), a twentieth-century classic. An unauthorized and bowdlerized English translation, Rickshaw Boy, with a happy ending, appeared in 1945 and became a U.S. bestseller.
"The person we want to introduce is Hsing Tzu, not Camel Hsiang Tzu, because "Camel is only a nickname. We'll just say Hsiang Tzu for now, having indicated that there is a connection between Camel and Hsiang Tzu." (from Rickshaw)www.21-cn-jy.com
Shu Qingchun (Lao Shê) was born Shu She-yü of Manchu descent in Beijing. His father, who was a guard soldier for the Quing emperor, died in a street battle during the 1900 Boxer uprising. To support her family and Lao Shê's private tutoring, his mother did laundry. "During my childhood," Lao Shê has later said, "I didn't need to hear stories about evil ogres eating children and so forth; the foreign devils my mother told me about were more barbaric and cruel than any fairy tale ogre with a huge mouth and great fangs. And fairy tales are only fairy tales, whereas my mother's stories were 100 percent factual, and they directly affected our whole family." (Lao Shê in Modern Chinese Writers, edited by Helmut Martin and Jeffrey Kinkley, 1992)
Fatherless since early childhood, Lao Shê worked his way through?Beijing Teacher's College. After graduation he supported himself and his mother through a series of teaching and administrative posts. He served as a principal of an elementary school at the age of 17, and later he was a district supervisor. Lao Shê spent the years from 1924 to 1929 in London, where he taught Chinese at the School of Oriental and African Studies. He also assisted Clement Egerton to thanslate the Chinese classis Chin Ping Mei (The Golden Lotus). By reading amongst other things the novels of Charles Dickens, Lao Shê improved his English, and decided to start his first novel. Before leaving England, Lao Shê?finished the novel?Erh Ma (1929, Ma and Son), which addressed the issue of national prejudices: "But pastor!" she took out a small handkerchief from her purse and wiped her mouth, although there was no need to do so at all, "you think that I can allow two Chinese to cook and eat rats in my house?" The central characters are Mr. Ma and his son Ma Wei, who come to London to take over a curio shop. 2-1-c-n-j-y
In 1930 Lao Shê returned to China and continued to write and teach Chinese at Qilu and Shadong Universities. While in Singapore he planned to write a Conran-like story. "Conrad sometimes depicts the Eastern Archipelago (Nan-yang) as poison for the white men, who cannot make nature submit to them and are swallowed by it," he explained. "I wanted to write exactly the opposite of this. . . ."?The manuscript of Ta-ming hu (1931, Lake Ta-ming), about?was lost in a fire when a Japanese bomb destroyed the printing press of publishing house, the Commercial Press in Shanghai in January 1932. Lao Shê abandoned the idea of rewriting the?novel but in a short novel, Yueyaer (1949, Cresent Moon), he returned to an incident used in the work.
Mao-ch'eng chi (1933, Cat Country) was a bitter satire about Chinese society. Written in first person, the narrator tells of his adventures in Mars, where he is captured by the lazy inhabitants, the Cat people. He discovers that the national food is made of "narcotic leaves" and sees the different sides?of the society: crowded? cities, the desperate position of concubines, the failures of educational programmes and the?corruption of the political system. After the country is invaded he?returns to China in the plane of a French explorer. Liu Hun (1933, The Quest for Love of Lao Lee) told of a dreamer and lover of books, who is married to a simple village girl and who sees in the attractive Mrs. Ma the woman of his life. Since 1949 the novel has been published several times. In a revised version certain passages have been omitted and the "Communist Party" had been replaced by "Disorder Party" of "Revolutionary Party." 21·cn·jy·com
In Niu T'ien-tz'u chuan (1934, Heavensent), partly modelled on Fielding's Tom Jones, Lao Shê turned again to humor. He reversed his early individualist theme and stressed the futility of the individual's struggle against society as a whole. In Rickshaw Boy Lao Shê traces the degradation and ruin of an industrious Peking rickshaw puller, Camel Xiangzi, a young peasant drawn to the city. To earn his living, he pulls a rented rickshaw from dawn till dark, and?enjoys briefly the status of owner-operator. After his wife?dies?in childbirth, Xiangzi gives up his ambitions and?finally dies on a snowy night. Evan King's translation published in 1945 invented new characters and changed the ending. The novel was first serialized in a magazine edited by Lin Yutang. 21cnjy.com
The outbreak of the second Sino-Japanese War (1937-45) radically altered Lao Shê's views. Between the years 1937 and 1945 he wrote a number of plays, worked as a propagandist, and headed the All-China Anti-Japanese Writers Federation. After World War II Lao Shê published a gigantic novel in three parts, Sishi tong tang (abridged translation The Yellow Storm). It dealt with life in Beijing during the Japanese occupation of Manchuria. The story focuses mainly on two families: the Qis, a traditional joint family,?while the Guans are ambitious, but the plans of Mrs Guan, called Big Red Pumpkin eventually collapse. Among the other characters is a poet, who becomes a leader of the underground movement against the puppet government. Lao Shê himself lived in Chongqing, not in Beijing, during the war.
Between the years 1946 and 1949 Lao She lived in the United States on a cultural grant at the invitation of the Department of State. When the People's Republic was established in 1949, Lao Shê returned to China. 2·1·c·n·j·y
Among Lao Shê's most famous stories is 'Crescent Moon', written in the early stage of his creative life. It depicts the miserable life of a mother and daughter and their deterioration into prostitution. "I used to picture an ideal life, and it would be like a dream," the daughter thinks. "But then, as cruel reality again closed in on me, the dream would quickly pass, and I would feel worse than ever. This world is no dream ? it's a living hell." (from 'Crescent Moon') www-2-1-cnjy-com
Lao Shê was a member of the Cultural and Educational Committee in the Government Administration Council, a deputy to the National People's Congress, a member of the Standing Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, vice-chairman of the All-China Federation of Literature and Art and vice-chairman of the Union of Chinese Writers as well as chairman of the Beijing Federation of Literature and Art. He was named a 'People's Artist' and a 'Great Master of Language'. His plays, such as Lung hsü kou (1951, Dragon Beard Ditch), became ideologically didactic, and did not reach the level of his former work. 21世纪教育网版权所有
Shen Yuan written in 1960, on the sixtieth anniversary of the Boxer uprising, was a four-act play about the Boxers. Lao Shê emphasized the anti-imperialistic zeal of the Boxers and the burning and killing carried out by the allied powers. During the Cultural Revolution, Lao Shê was publicly denounced and criticized as an active counterrevolutionary, and like a number of other writers and intellectuals, he was subjected to physical torture. At a struggle meeting, he was brutally beaten.
On October 24, 1966, Lao Shê was murdered or driven to suicide; he was found drowned in a Taiping Lake. When his body was cremated, his family was not allowed to retain his ashes. In the empty container, his family placed small items that had belonged to him ? a pair of glasses, a pen, a brush and also some jasmine tea-leaves. Lao She's last work, the unfinished autobiographical sketch The Drum Singers, was first published in English in the United States. 21·世纪*教育网
Since the fall of Chiang Ch'ing in 1971, a guiding hand of the Cultural Revolution, Lao Shê's works have been republished. He was posthumously "rehabilitated" in 1979 by the Communist Party. Lao Shê's son, the writer and?curator of Beijing Modern Art Museum Shu Yi, has written several books on his father.21教育网
Throughout decades, Lao Shê's stories have inspired filmmakers, including This Life of Mine (1950, dir. by Shi Hui), Dragon Beard Ditch (1952, dir. by Xian Qun), Rickshaw Boy (1982, dir. by Zifeng Ling), The Teahouse (1982, dir. by Xie Tian), The Crescent Moon (1986, dir. by Huo Zhuang), The Drum Singers (1987, dir. by Tian Zhuangzhuang), and The Divorce. Tian Zhuangzhuang's film version of The Drum Singers (1987) was mostly shot on location in Sichuan. 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Lao Shê's most frequently performed plays is?Cha Guan (Teahouse), which was written in 1957. The events are set in the Beijing teahouse of Wang Lifa during three different periods: 1898 under the empire, the 1910s under the warlords and around 1945 after WW II. "In the teahouses one could hear the most absurd stories," Lao Shê writes of the scene set in 1898, "such as how a in a certain place a huge spider had turned into a demon and was then struck by lightning. One could also come in contact with the strangest of views; for example, that foreign troops could be prevented from landing by building a Great Wall along the sea coast." Lao Shê follows the lives of Wang and his customers. Ambivalently Wang and his friends demonstate the failure of their lives towards the end by a mock funeral, welcoming the new society. The teahouse is requisitioned as a club and Wang is offered a job as doorman however, he has already hanged himself. Although the first performance was received with mixed criticism, it it now considered Lao Shê's best play. The Beijing People's Art Theatre performed it in 1980 in West Germany and France during the three-hundredth anniversary of the Comédie-Fran?aise. 21*cnjy*com
Teahouse By She Lao
This is one of the famous dramas by Lao She. The drama is set in a typical, old Beijing teahouse and follows the lives of the owner and his customers through three stages in modern Chinese history. The play spans fifty years and has a cast of over sixty characters drawn from all levels of society. Brought together in Yutai Teahouse, they reflect the changes that took place in Chinese society. The strength and appeal of the play lie in part in Lao She's masterful recreation of the characters and language of the streets of old Beijing, but the center of its strength is Lao She's vision, his unerring choice of significant detail, and his familiarity with the old society he is describing, with its strengths, weaknesses, and ironies. It is this which carries Teahouse beyond the borders of social criticism and makes it a complex and living work of art. Written in 1957, Teahouse bids an inspired, lingering farewell to old Beijing and the old society, despite their evils and ills, and extends a passionate welcome to the new society with its promise of freedom and equality of the people. Standing as it does between old and new China, and deeply rooted in both, Teahouse shimmers with a fine sense of ambivalence. True to its writer, to China, and to its time, it is a masterpiece of modern theater.21世纪教育网版权所有
老舍
人民艺术家,杰出的语言大师——老舍 老舍（1899.2.3－1966.8.24），现代作家，原名舒庆春，字舍予，满族正红旗人,北京人,父亲是一名满族的护军，阵亡在八国联军攻打北京城的时候。老舍是他在小说《老张的哲学》中使用的笔名。他的笔名还有絜青、絜予、非我、鸿来等。中国现代小说家、戏剧家、著名作家，曾任小学校长、中学教员、大学教授。 1918年老舍毕业于北京师范学校。1924年夏，赴伦敦大学东方学院任华语教员，并从事文学创作。1926年发表了第一部长篇小说《老张的哲学》，这标志着老舍文学创作道路的开端。接着，又发表了《赵子曰》、《二马》，从而奠定了他在现代文学史上的地位。 1929年，老舍取道新加坡回国。在新加坡写了中篇小说《小坡的生日》，这是一部儿童文学作品，描写了生活在新加坡的华侨少年与各被压迫民族的小伙伴一起，反对强权奴役的故事，体现了团结奋斗、强国救民的思想境界。 1930－1936年，老舍先后在山东济南齐鲁大学和青岛山东大学任教。此间，他看到第一次国内革命战争失败后日本帝国主义的肆意侵略和国民党反动派的卖国行径，创作了长篇小说《大明湖》，为济南人民以及所有蒙受侵略之苦的祖国人民抒发愤慨。在这部小说里，他第一次描写了共产党人的形象。此后四年，他先后创作了长篇小说《猫城记》、《离婚》、《牛天赐传》。还出版了包括《黑白李》、《微神》等15部短篇小说在内的短篇小说集《赶集》以及幽默诗文集《老舍幽默诗文集》。1936年老舍辞职，从事专业写作。在青岛工作和生活的这段时期，是他一生中创作的旺盛期之一。他先后编了两个短篇集《樱海集》、《蛤藻集》，收入中短篇小说17篇。创作了《选民》（后改题为《文博士》）、《我这一辈子》、《老牛破车》和中国现代文学史上的长篇杰作《骆驼祥子》。 《骆驼祥子》是以北平（今北京）一个人力车夫祥子的行踪为线索，向人们展示军阀混战、黑暗统治下的北京底层贫苦市民生活于痛苦深渊中的图景。从祥子力图通过个人奋斗摆脱悲惨生活命运，最后失败以至于坠落的故事，告诫人们，城市贫农要翻身做主人，单靠个人奋斗是不行的。 1937年“七七”卢沟桥事变爆发，老舍别妻抛子，只身前往武汉，投入到文艺界的抗日洪流之中。在1938年成立的“中华全国文艺界抗敌协会”中，老舍担任负责人――总务部主任。之后，又转到重庆，“文协”在艰难困苦中顽强坚持七年时间，直到抗日战争取得彻底胜利。老舍以满腔热情和耐心细致的工作，团结各个方面的文艺家，共同致力于推动抗战的文艺活动。并以笔为武器，进行多种文艺形式的创作。长诗《剑北篇》用大鼓体写成，《王家镇》、《忠烈图》用京剧形式写成，《残雾》、《归去来兮》、《面子问题》用话剧形式写成。先后出版了短篇集《火车集》、《贫血集》，长篇小说《火葬》，完成了长篇巨著《四世同堂》的前两部《偷生》和《惶惑》。同时，还撰写了大量杂文、散文、诗歌。 抗战胜利后，1946年，老舍和曹禺作为我国民间第一批文化人应邀赴美国访问和讲学。在美国，做了多次公开演讲，为增强大洋彼岸的人们了解中国人民和中国文学，发挥了积极的作用。并在此写成《四世同堂》第三部《饥荒》和另一部长篇小说《鼓书艺人》。还协助美国友人翻译他的一些作品。《四世同堂》是老舍完成的规模最宏大的作品，约一百万字。以北平一叫“小羊圈”胡同里多种人物，特别是以祁家祖孙四代为中心，展开错综复杂的画面与情节的描写，表现了沦陷区人民的苦难经历，以及他们在幻想破灭后，终于觉醒，坚决抗战的过程。揭露了日本侵略者的残暴和汉奸的无耻，也写出了知识分子的善良、懦弱和苦闷，以及下层市民坚强不屈的意志和决心。包含着老舍强烈的爱国主义精神，为中华民族全民抗战留下了一座伟岸的纪念碑。 1949年10月，老舍回到祖国。创作话剧《方珍珠》。1951年，又创作了歌颂人民政府为普通市民办实事的《龙须沟》。该剧上演后，老舍获得了北京市政府授予的“人民艺术家”荣誉称号。之后，他还创作了歌剧《消灭细菌》、《大家评理》，话剧《生日》、《春华秋实》等。 建国后，老舍政治热情十分高涨，他先后担任中国民间文艺研究会副理事长，北京市文联主席，华北行政委员会委员，全国文联主席团成员，中国作家协会副主席，北京市第一、二届人大代表，全国人民代表大会第一、二、三届主席团成员，全国政协三届会议常务委员等职。自1950年至1955年，老舍创作了大量的话剧、京剧、儿童剧。其中话剧《茶馆》把老舍的话剧艺术推向了高峰，成为我国戏剧艺术殿堂的一颗璀璨明珠。 1961年至1962年，老舍创作自传体小说《正红旗下》。遗憾的是未完成，就被迫停笔。 文革中，同许多老一辈爱国文艺家一样，老舍遭到了恶毒攻击和迫害。1966年，他被逼无奈，含冤自沉于北京太平湖，享年67岁。 21世纪教育网版权所有
茶馆
剧情梗概：
在满清王朝即将灭亡的年代，北京的裕泰茶馆却依然一派"繁荣"景象：提笼架鸟、算命卜卦、卖古玩玉器、玩蝈蝈蟋蟀者无所不有。 年轻精明的掌柜王利发，各方照顾，左右逢源。然而，在这个"繁荣"的背后隐藏着整个社会令人窒息的衰亡：洋货充斥市场、农村破产、太监买老婆、爱国者遭逮捕。 到了民国初年，连年不断的内战使百姓深受苦难，北京城里的大茶馆都关了门，唯有王掌柜改良经营，把茶馆后院辟成租给大学生的公寓，正厅里摆上了留声机。尽管如此，社会上的动乱仍波及茶馆：逃难的百姓堵在门口，大兵抢夺掌柜的钱，侦缉队员不时前来敲诈。 又过了三十年，已是风烛残年的王掌柜，仍在拼命支撑着茶馆。日本投降了，但国民党和美帝国主义又使人民陷入了内战的灾难。吉普车横冲直撞，爱国人士惨遭镇压，流氓特务要霸占王掌柜苦心经营了一辈子的茶馆。王利发绝望了。这时，恰巧来了两位五十年前结交的朋友，一位是曾被清廷逮捕过的正人君子常四爷，一位是办了半辈子实业结果彻底垮了台的秦二爷。三位老人撒着捡来的纸钱，凄惨地叫着、笑着。最后只剩下王利发一人，他拿起腰带，步入内室，仰望屋顶，寻找安然了结一生的地方。 剧情对于人艺的观众已经再熟悉不过了，因此，此次观众对复演的关注点便落在了演员的演技上，于是观众看得起劲，演员自然也演得卖力，尤其是梁冠华、濮存昕、杨立新从青年到老年的三次对手戏，是让观众看完戏后都值得细细品味。很多观众表示，看传统话剧非常过瘾，对于这次观演也非常地难忘，因为不知道这次《茶馆》演出之后的下一个复演又会是哪年。随着老北京街头的各种吆喝声响起，百年老店“禄泰大茶馆”再次开张。灯光亮起，梁冠华饰演的王利发一边吆喝一边应酬，忙得不亦乐乎。紧接着，饰演常四爷的濮存昕以及杨立新、吴刚、冯远征、饰演的各种性格的茶客弄鸟、吃茶、闲谈便在茶馆中相继上演，随着侦缉队的出现以及莫谈国事的纸条，一静一动，压抑的气氛随之产生…… 《茶馆》是老舍在1956年完成的作品，1958年由北京人民艺术剧院首排，此剧以茶馆作为社会缩影，透过半个世纪的世事变化，由70多个角色演出各阶层人民的生活层面。据了解，本次演出基本还是5年前第三版演出时的原班人马——由著名导演林兆华执导，著名话剧演员梁冠华、濮存昕、冯远征、杨立新、何冰、龚丽君、岳秀清等担纲主演，几乎是出动了人艺全部的中流砥柱，而部分群众角色也将由人艺的青年演员扮演。 21世纪教育网版权所有
