从高考题看“动词 + through”短语的用法
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| 名称 | 从高考题看“动词 + through”短语的用法 |  | |
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从高考题看“动词 + through”短语的用法
动词短语是英语动词的一个重要内容，也是学生学习中的一个难点，同时还是高考的一个常考点。本文拟从几道高考题对该类动词短语的考查形式，结合其在高中英语教材中出现的原句，谈谈“动词 + through”短语的用法，以帮助学生归纳，积累，以达到灵活运用英语的能力培养的实现。
一、历年全国高考各地试题对这一内容的的考查（现摘录2005-2009年全国高考各地部份试题如下）
09 四川 5. —Have you __________ —No. I had the wrong number.
A. got in B. got away C. got off D. got through
09全国 II 27. I tried phoning her office, but I couldn't
A. get along B. get on C. get to D. get through
这两道题都是对get短语的考查，要求考生能区分相关短语的用法。09 四川 5：根据答语：“没有，我把号码弄错了。”可知，问句中应是“你打通电话了吗？”故，答案为D。09全国 II 27：根据题意：“我试着给她办公室打电话，但没打通。”故，答案为D。
2007全国 II，13. I have _____ all my papers but I still can’t find my notes.
A. looked through B. looked for C. looked after D. looked out
“我翻遍了所有的文件，可还是找不到我的笔记。”根据题意，空格处应是“快速浏览，快速查阅”之意。故，答案为A。
2007天津， 5. Hardly could he ______ this amount of work in such a short time.
A. get through B. get off C. get into D. get down
“他几乎没能在如此短时间内完成这些工作。”答案：A. “get through” — come successfully to the end （成功，通过，完成）
2006全国II，18. There were a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldn’t get _______.
A. between B. through C. across D. beyond
“门口站着很多人，因此那小女孩走不过去。”故，答案为B。
2006四川，25. — The boss said we had only three days to finish the work.
—Don’t worry. We have already _____ two thirds of it.
A. got down B. got through C. give in D. given away
“— 老板说了我们只有三天的时间来完成工作。— 别担心，我们已经完成了三分之二的工作。”故，答案为B。
2005浙江，19. I couldn’t ______. The line was busy.
A. go by B. go ground C. get in D. get through
“我没能打通电话，总是占线。”故，答案为D。
二、高中英语（人教版，全日制普通高级中学教科书（必修）·英语，2003年审查通过）课文中涉及到的“动词 + through”的原句
1. A terrible noise went through the house. (SEFC SB 1A, Unit 4 The Rescue)
一种可怕的声音回荡在屋子里。
2. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. (SEFC SB 1B, Unit 21 Body Language)
一个微笑可以帮助我们渡过难关，并且在陌生的世界中找到朋友。
3. Will she live through this (SEFC SB 2A, Unit 10 Typhoon)
这船能渡过这个难关吗？
4. Which hardships did the people have to live through (SEFC SB 3, Unit 6 Going West --- Post-reading)
人们必须经受哪些苦难？
三、常见“动词+through”短语的用法
（一） go through
1.指法律、合同等正式通过，接受或达成
eg. 1)The deal did not go through. 这笔交易未谈成。
2. go through sth.
(1)仔细察看某事物；检查某事物；审查某事物；
eg. 1) I always start the day by going through my mail. 我每天总是先看邮件。
2) She went through the company’s accounts, looking evidence of fraud.
她仔细审查公司的帐目，寻找诈骗的证据。
(2)（尤指反复地）详细研究，仔细琢磨
eg. 1）Let’s go through the arguments again.
咱们再仔细研究一下这些证据吧。
2）Could we go through (= practice) Act 2 once more
我们把第2幕再串一次好吗？
(3) 执行某行动；实行某方法；履行某程序
eg. 1) Certain formalities have to be gone through before you can emigrate.
必须办理一定的手续方能移居他国。
(4) 经历；遭受
eg. 1) She has been going through a pad patch recently. 她最近很不走运。
2) He’s amazingly cheerful considering all he’s had to go through.
经历了种种磨难，他还那么乐观，令人惊叹。
(5)用完；耗尽
eg. 1) The boys went through two whole loaves of bread.
这些男孩把整整两条长面包都吃得精光。
3. go through with sth: 完成（或做完）很难（或令人不快）的事
1) She decided not to go through with (=not to have ) the operation.
她决定不动手术了。
(二) get through
1. get through sth. :
(1) 消耗掉；用完；耗尽
eg. 1) We got through a fortune while we were in New York.
我们在纽约时花掉了一大笔钱。
(2)（设法）处理，完成
1) Let’s start – there’s a lot to get through. 咱们开始吧—有很多事要处理呢。
2.（1） get through (sth): BrE.顺利通过（考试等）
（2）get sb through sth: 帮助某人顺利通过考试
eg. 1) She got all her students through the exam. 她帮助她所有的学生顺利通过了考试。
（3）get through (sth) / get sth through (sth) : （使）正式通过，获得采纳
eg. 1) They got the bill through Congress. 他们使此议案在国会获得通过。
3. get through (to sb):
(1) to reach sb. 到达（某人处）
eg. 1) Thousands of refugees will die if these supplies don’t get through to them.如果这些生活用品运不到，数以千计的难民就会死掉。
(2) to make contact with sb by telephone（用电话）接通，打通，联系上
eg. 1) I tried calling you several times but I couldn’t get through.
我试着给你打了几次电话，但都没打通。
4. get through (to sth): （指选手或队）进入（下阶段比赛）
eg. 1）Moya has got through to the final. 莫亚进入决赛。
5. get through to sb: （尤指在努力帮助某人时）使某人理解，使某人接受（所讲的话）
eg. 1) I find it impossible to get through to her.我发觉根本无法让她听懂。
6．get through with sth: 结束；完成
eg. 1) Let’s get through with our work as soon as possible. 咱们尽早完成工作吧。
(三) read sth through: 认真通读；仔细核对
eg. 1) Do read your answers through before you hand in your test paper. 交卷前务必仔细核对一下你的答案。
（四）put through
1. put sth through: 完成；达成；使成功
eg. 1) We managed to put the deal through.我们设法做成了这笔生意。
2. put sb. through sth.:
(1)使经受（磨练、痛苦）；折磨
eg. 1) You have put your family through a lot recently. 最近你使你的家人受苦了。
(2)安排某人上（学）；供某人上（学）
eg. 1) He put all his children through college. 他把子女都送进了大学。
3. put sb/ sth through (to sb/…):给…接通（电话）；把…接到
eg. 1) Could you put me through to the manager, please 请帮我找经理接一下电话好吗？
（五）come through
1. (消息或信息)（用电话、无线电等或官方机构）传来
eg. 1) A message is just coming through.有消息刚传来。
2．come through (sth):（重病后）康复；避免受严重伤害
eg. 1) With such a weak heart she was lucky to come through the operation.她的心脏很弱，手术后能活下来真是幸运。
3．come through (with sth):（成功地）履行诺言，实现诺言
eg. 1) We were worried she wouldn’t be able to handle it, but she came through in the end.我们担心她没有能力处理那件事，然而她最终说到做到了。
2) The bank finally came through with the money.这家很行终于兑现了那笔钱。
（六）look through
1. look through sb.: [不用于被动语态] 佯装没有看见而不理会某人
eg. 1）She just looked straight through me. 他竟然假装没看见我。
2. look through sth: [不用于被动语态] 快速查看；浏览
eg. 1) She looked through her notes before the exam.她考试前匆匆看了一下笔记。
（七）live through sth: [不用于被动语态] 经历（灾难或其他困境）而幸存
eg. 1) He has lived through two world wars.他经历了两次世界。
（八）search through：搜寻
eg. 1) Do you spend much time searching through dictionaries for words to use
（九）think sth. through 认真地考虑（某事可能出现的结果）
eg. 1) You should seriously think it through before you get married.你在结婚之前应该认真地考虑一番。
（十）talk sth / sb through
1. talk sth. through：彻底说清楚（某事）
eg. 1) The course teaches couples to talk their problems through. 这门课程教夫妻们敞开心扉把问题说出来。
2. talk sb through sth: 给（某人）指点迷津
eg. 1) Get a specialist to talk you through the installation of the software.找一位专业人士给你指点一下如何安装这套软件。
（十一）pull through
1. pull sb through (sth)：（从重病或重伤中）恢复健康；帮助（某人）康复；协助…完成（十分困难的事）
eg. 1) We’re all praying that he’ll pull through. 我们都祈求他能康复。
2) I relied on my instincts to pull me through. 我全靠本能闯了过来。
2. pull through / pull through sth 完成，做成（十分困难的事）
eg. The city managed to pull through its financial crisis. 这个城市成功地渡过了财政危机。
（十二）bring sb. through (sth)：使脱离（险境）；使渡过难关
eg. 1) My friends helped bring me through the divorce. 朋友们帮我捱过了离婚的那段日子。
（十三）sail through：顺利通过（考试等）
eg. 1) The Paperwork Reduction Act sailed through Congress without much opposition. “简化文书工作法案”在国会没有遭到很多人反对，顺利通过。
（十四）see through
1. see through sth：看透，看穿，识破（骗局等）
eg. 1) Sloper saw right through Morris’ intentions toward his daughter. 斯洛珀一眼就看穿了莫里斯在他女儿身上打的主意。
2. see through sb.：看透（某人，尤指其恶劣品质）
eg. 1) I’m no good at bluffing – she’ll see right through me. 我根本不善于吓唬人— 她会把我一眼看穿的。
3. see sth. through：将（某事、尤指困难或不喜欢的事）进行到底
eg. 1) Martin made it clear that he intends to see the project through. 马丁明确表示，他准备将这个项目进行到底。
4. see sb through sth: 帮助（支持）（某人）渡过难关
eg. 1) She had enough money saved to see her through about six months of unemployment.她积蓄的钱足够让她渡过大约6个月的失业期。
综上，“动词 + through”短语的形式多样，用法繁多。就是同一个动词短语在不同的语言环境中也有不同的意义，因此，同学们在归纳总结该内短语的用法时，不能只拘于其简单的字面意思，而应结合语境进行。
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从高考题看“动词 + through”短语的用法
动词短语是英语动词的一个重要内容，也是学生学习中的一个难点，同时还是高考的一个常考点。本文拟从几道高考题对该类动词短语的考查形式，结合其在高中英语教材中出现的原句，谈谈“动词 + through”短语的用法，以帮助学生归纳，积累，以达到灵活运用英语的能力培养的实现。
一、历年全国高考各地试题对这一内容的的考查（现摘录2005-2009年全国高考各地部份试题如下）
09 四川 5. —Have you __________ —No. I had the wrong number.
A. got in B. got away C. got off D. got through
09全国 II 27. I tried phoning her office, but I couldn't
A. get along B. get on C. get to D. get through
这两道题都是对get短语的考查，要求考生能区分相关短语的用法。09 四川 5：根据答语：“没有，我把号码弄错了。”可知，问句中应是“你打通电话了吗？”故，答案为D。09全国 II 27：根据题意：“我试着给她办公室打电话，但没打通。”故，答案为D。
2007全国 II，13. I have _____ all my papers but I still can’t find my notes.
A. looked through B. looked for C. looked after D. looked out
“我翻遍了所有的文件，可还是找不到我的笔记。”根据题意，空格处应是“快速浏览，快速查阅”之意。故，答案为A。
2007天津， 5. Hardly could he ______ this amount of work in such a short time.
A. get through B. get off C. get into D. get down
“他几乎没能在如此短时间内完成这些工作。”答案：A. “get through” — come successfully to the end （成功，通过，完成）
2006全国II，18. There were a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldn’t get _______.
A. between B. through C. across D. beyond
“门口站着很多人，因此那小女孩走不过去。”故，答案为B。
2006四川，25. — The boss said we had only three days to finish the work.
—Don’t worry. We have already _____ two thirds of it.
A. got down B. got through C. give in D. given away
“— 老板说了我们只有三天的时间来完成工作。— 别担心，我们已经完成了三分之二的工作。”故，答案为B。
2005浙江，19. I couldn’t ______. The line was busy.
A. go by B. go ground C. get in D. get through
“我没能打通电话，总是占线。”故，答案为D。
二、高中英语（人教版，全日制普通高级中学教科书（必修）·英语，2003年审查通过）课文中涉及到的“动词 + through”的原句
1. A terrible noise went through the house. (SEFC SB 1A, Unit 4 The Rescue)
一种可怕的声音回荡在屋子里。
2. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. (SEFC SB 1B, Unit 21 Body Language)
一个微笑可以帮助我们渡过难关，并且在陌生的世界中找到朋友。
3. Will she live through this (SEFC SB 2A, Unit 10 Typhoon)
这船能渡过这个难关吗？
4. Which hardships did the people have to live through (SEFC SB 3, Unit 6 Going West --- Post-reading)
人们必须经受哪些苦难？
三、常见“动词+through”短语的用法
（一） go through
1.指法律、合同等正式通过，接受或达成
eg. 1)The deal did not go through. 这笔交易未谈成。
2. go through sth.
(1)仔细察看某事物；检查某事物；审查某事物；
eg. 1) I always start the day by going through my mail. 我每天总是先看邮件。
2) She went through the company’s accounts, looking evidence of fraud.
她仔细审查公司的帐目，寻找诈骗的证据。
(2)（尤指反复地）详细研究，仔细琢磨
eg. 1）Let’s go through the arguments again.
咱们再仔细研究一下这些证据吧。
2）Could we go through (= practice) Act 2 once more
我们把第2幕再串一次好吗？
(3) 执行某行动；实行某方法；履行某程序
eg. 1) Certain formalities have to be gone through before you can emigrate.
必须办理一定的手续方能移居他国。
(4) 经历；遭受
eg. 1) She has been going through a pad patch recently. 她最近很不走运。
2) He’s amazingly cheerful considering all he’s had to go through.
经历了种种磨难，他还那么乐观，令人惊叹。
(5)用完；耗尽
eg. 1) The boys went through two whole loaves of bread.
这些男孩把整整两条长面包都吃得精光。
3. go through with sth: 完成（或做完）很难（或令人不快）的事
1) She decided not to go through with (=not to have ) the operation.
她决定不动手术了。
(二) get through
1. get through sth. :
(1) 消耗掉；用完；耗尽
eg. 1) We got through a fortune while we were in New York.
我们在纽约时花掉了一大笔钱。
(2)（设法）处理，完成
1) Let’s start – there’s a lot to get through. 咱们开始吧—有很多事要处理呢。
2.（1） get through (sth): BrE.顺利通过（考试等）
（2）get sb through sth: 帮助某人顺利通过考试
eg. 1) She got all her students through the exam. 她帮助她所有的学生顺利通过了考试。
（3）get through (sth) / get sth through (sth) : （使）正式通过，获得采纳
eg. 1) They got the bill through Congress. 他们使此议案在国会获得通过。
3. get through (to sb):
(1) to reach sb. 到达（某人处）
eg. 1) Thousands of refugees will die if these supplies don’t get through to them.如果这些生活用品运不到，数以千计的难民就会死掉。
(2) to make contact with sb by telephone（用电话）接通，打通，联系上
eg. 1) I tried calling you several times but I couldn’t get through.
我试着给你打了几次电话，但都没打通。
4. get through (to sth): （指选手或队）进入（下阶段比赛）
eg. 1）Moya has got through to the final. 莫亚进入决赛。
5. get through to sb: （尤指在努力帮助某人时）使某人理解，使某人接受（所讲的话）
eg. 1) I find it impossible to get through to her.我发觉根本无法让她听懂。
6．get through with sth: 结束；完成
eg. 1) Let’s get through with our work as soon as possible. 咱们尽早完成工作吧。
(三) read sth through: 认真通读；仔细核对
eg. 1) Do read your answers through before you hand in your test paper. 交卷前务必仔细核对一下你的答案。
（四）put through
1. put sth through: 完成；达成；使成功
eg. 1) We managed to put the deal through.我们设法做成了这笔生意。
2. put sb. through sth.:
(1)使经受（磨练、痛苦）；折磨
eg. 1) You have put your family through a lot recently. 最近你使你的家人受苦了。
(2)安排某人上（学）；供某人上（学）
eg. 1) He put all his children through college. 他把子女都送进了大学。
3. put sb/ sth through (to sb/…):给…接通（电话）；把…接到
eg. 1) Could you put me through to the manager, please 请帮我找经理接一下电话好吗？
（五）come through
1. (消息或信息)（用电话、无线电等或官方机构）传来
eg. 1) A message is just coming through.有消息刚传来。
2．come through (sth):（重病后）康复；避免受严重伤害
eg. 1) With such a weak heart she was lucky to come through the operation.她的心脏很弱，手术后能活下来真是幸运。
3．come through (with sth):（成功地）履行诺言，实现诺言
eg. 1) We were worried she wouldn’t be able to handle it, but she came through in the end.我们担心她没有能力处理那件事，然而她最终说到做到了。
2) The bank finally came through with the money.这家很行终于兑现了那笔钱。
（六）look through
1. look through sb.: [不用于被动语态] 佯装没有看见而不理会某人
eg. 1）She just looked straight through me. 他竟然假装没看见我。
2. look through sth: [不用于被动语态] 快速查看；浏览
eg. 1) She looked through her notes before the exam.她考试前匆匆看了一下笔记。
（七）live through sth: [不用于被动语态] 经历（灾难或其他困境）而幸存
eg. 1) He has lived through two world wars.他经历了两次世界。
（八）search through：搜寻
eg. 1) Do you spend much time searching through dictionaries for words to use
（九）think sth. through 认真地考虑（某事可能出现的结果）
eg. 1) You should seriously think it through before you get married.你在结婚之前应该认真地考虑一番。
（十）talk sth / sb through
1. talk sth. through：彻底说清楚（某事）
eg. 1) The course teaches couples to talk their problems through. 这门课程教夫妻们敞开心扉把问题说出来。
2. talk sb through sth: 给（某人）指点迷津
eg. 1) Get a specialist to talk you through the installation of the software.找一位专业人士给你指点一下如何安装这套软件。
（十一）pull through
1. pull sb through (sth)：（从重病或重伤中）恢复健康；帮助（某人）康复；协助…完成（十分困难的事）
eg. 1) We’re all praying that he’ll pull through. 我们都祈求他能康复。
2) I relied on my instincts to pull me through. 我全靠本能闯了过来。
2. pull through / pull through sth 完成，做成（十分困难的事）
eg. The city managed to pull through its financial crisis. 这个城市成功地渡过了财政危机。
（十二）bring sb. through (sth)：使脱离（险境）；使渡过难关
eg. 1) My friends helped bring me through the divorce. 朋友们帮我捱过了离婚的那段日子。
（十三）sail through：顺利通过（考试等）
eg. 1) The Paperwork Reduction Act sailed through Congress without much opposition. “简化文书工作法案”在国会没有遭到很多人反对，顺利通过。
（十四）see through
1. see through sth：看透，看穿，识破（骗局等）
eg. 1) Sloper saw right through Morris’ intentions toward his daughter. 斯洛珀一眼就看穿了莫里斯在他女儿身上打的主意。
2. see through sb.：看透（某人，尤指其恶劣品质）
eg. 1) I’m no good at bluffing – she’ll see right through me. 我根本不善于吓唬人— 她会把我一眼看穿的。
3. see sth. through：将（某事、尤指困难或不喜欢的事）进行到底
eg. 1) Martin made it clear that he intends to see the project through. 马丁明确表示，他准备将这个项目进行到底。
4. see sb through sth: 帮助（支持）（某人）渡过难关
eg. 1) She had enough money saved to see her through about six months of unemployment.她积蓄的钱足够让她渡过大约6个月的失业期。
综上，“动词 + through”短语的形式多样，用法繁多。就是同一个动词短语在不同的语言环境中也有不同的意义，因此，同学们在归纳总结该内短语的用法时，不能只拘于其简单的字面意思，而应结合语境进行。
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