外研版七年级上册基础知识点导图归纳全册学案

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名称 外研版七年级上册基础知识点导图归纳全册学案
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更新时间 2017-09-24 08:06:04

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MODULE
1
一、同义句
My
name's
Daming.
=
I'm
Daming.
I'm
from
England.
=
I
come
from
England.
3.Are
you
a
new
student.?=
Are
you
new
4.Nice
to
meet
you.
=
Nice
to
see
you.
=Glade
to
meet
you.
=
Glade
to
see
you.
5.What's
your
name.
=
May
I
have
your
name?
6.Welcome
to
+地点
二、用法集萃
—What's
your
name.
—How
old
are
you
—My
name
is
....
(
七年级上
)
(
12
)

Where
do
you
come
from
—I
come
from...
—I'm
twelve
years
old.
—I’m
12.
—Where
are
you
from
—What
class
are
you
in
—I'm
from...
—I'm
in
Class
One,
Grade
One.
—What
about
...
—What
about
doing
... =How
about
doing
...
With

and
Jim
and
Lily
go
to
the
bank.(and
表并列)
Jim
with
Lily
goes
to
the
bank.(with
是介词,和...一起,动词的形式
要与
with
前面的主语一致)

语法专项。
Be
动词用法口诀
我用
am
你用
are,is
跟着他,她,它.
单数名词用
is,复数名词全用
are.
变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。
变否定,更容易,be

not
莫忘记。
否定疑问任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。
MODULE
2
一、短语。
basketball
football
ride
a
bike\horse
play
tennis
table
tennis
the
piano
speak
English\Japanese\Chinese
sing
(a
song)
swim
a
photo\picture
of
my
family
a
university
an
office
二.
句子(询问职业)
two
factories
cities
universities
secretaries
What
does
your
...
do =What
is\are
you
...'s
job =What
is
your
...
He\She
is
a
...
They're
...
三.语法
感叹句
1.What
引导的感叹句(修饰名词):What
+(a\an)+形容词+名词+(主语+谓语)!
What
a
big
school
it
is
!
好大的学校啊

What
a
tall
boy
he
is
!
他好高啊!
What
heavy
rain!好大的雨!
2.How
引导的感叹句(修饰形容词或副词):How
+
形容词或副词
+
主语+谓语!
How
tall
he
is
!
他好高啊!
How
fast
he
runs!
他跑地好快!
代词(分类参照笔记)
人称代词:代指人或物名称的词。主格在句首主语,宾格在及物动词和介词之后做宾语。
He
is
a
teacher.
(主语)
We
like
him.(宾格)
Jim
is
next
to
me(宾格)
②物主代词
(
人称

形容性物主
代词
my
your
his
her
its

名词性物主代

mine
yours
his
hers
its

形容性物主
代词
our
your

名词性物主
代词
ours
yours
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
their
Theirs
)
形容词性物主代词:必须和名词在一起。My
father,
your
teacher...
物主代词
名词性物主代词:作用相当于形容词性物主代词+名词。
This
is
my
book.=This
book
is
mine.
指示代词:分类和用法参照课本第
78
页。
反身代词:...自己。常用于语及物动词和介词之后。
myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself
(单数)
Ourselves,
yourselves,themselves.(复数)
He
enjoys
himself
on
the
party.
他在聚会上很愉快。
They
enjoy
themselves
on
the
party.
他们在聚会上很愉快。
He
studies
English
by
himself.
他自学英语。

介词
over
MODULE
3
正上方
behind
在...后面
on
On
the
left
of...
在左边
At
the
back
of...
在...里面的后面(在后部)
In
the
front
of

里面的前面
under
(在前部)
next
to
紧挨着
near
附近
On
the
right
of...
在右边
in
front
of...在...前面
between
...and
...在两者之间
Lingling
sits
between
Tony
and
Daming.
玲玲坐在托尼和大明之间
among
在三者或三者以上之间
Miss
Li
is
among
lots
of
students.
李老师在许多同学之间
注意:介词短语常和
be
动词连用。
二、语法
There
be
句型(在某地有某物)用法参照笔记和课本第
79

1.there
is/are
+名词+
地点.
How
many
+“可复”+
are
there
+地点
How
much
+”不可数”+is
there+地点?
注意:1.就近原则:there
be
句型中
be
动词的形式和与它相邻的名词的数保持一致。
There
is
some
meat
and
two
apples
on
the
desk.
There
are
two
apples
and
meat
on
the
desk.
名词所有格:...的
分类:
‘s
所有格
Jim’s
book
Jim
的书
Lily
and
Lucy's
两人共有的
Lily
and
Lucy's
father.
Lily's
and
Lucy's
两人各有的
Lily's
and
Lucy's
rooms.
My
uncle’s
我叔叔家
Children’s
Day
儿童节
s’所有格
the
students’
books
学生们的书
Teachers’
Day
教师节
of
所有格
the
book
of
Jim
Jim
的书
(可以和’s
所有格互换)拥有者有生命时
the
legs
of
a
desk.
桌子的腿
(一般用于拥有者无生命时)
特殊形式:the
key
to
the
door.
门的钥匙
the
answer
to
the
question.
问题的答案
双重所有格:由‘s
所有格和
of
所有格或者由‘s
所有格和名词性物主代词构成。
意义:表示部分的概念。
‘s
所有格和
of
所有格
a
friend
of
my
father’s.
我父亲的一位朋友
(父亲众多朋友中的一个)
比较:
a
friend
of
my
father
我父亲的朋友(和父亲是朋友关系)
‘s
所有格和名词性物主代词
a
friend
of
mine.
我的一位朋友
一、单词和短语
MODULE
4
orange
橙汁
have
some
orange
[U]
橙色
the
oranges
are
orange
[C]
橙子This
is
an
orange
[C]
Kind
善良
He
is
very
kind.
种类=tyre
a
kind
/
type
of
fruit
two
kinds
/types
of
fruits
3.
gym:
不受天气影响的室内体育馆、健身房或运动馆
stadium:
周围有看台的露天大型运动场
keep/stay
healthy
be
in
poor/bad
health
in
good
health
be
unhealthy
be
bad
for
one’s
health
be
healthy
be
in
health
be
good
for
one’s
health
指数量(不可数)There
is
much
drink
in
the
fridge.
food,
fruit
,drink
冰箱里有许多饮料。
指种类(可数)
Water
and
milk
are
healthy
drinks.
牛奶和水是健康的饮品。
or
的用法:

或:
I
drink
water
or
cola.
我喝牛奶或水

并列
(否定句):
I
don't
like
swimming
or
dancing.
我不喜欢游泳和舞蹈。

语法
名词
一般规则:
(
条件
一般情况
单词以
s

x

ch

sh
结尾
以辅音字母
+y
结尾
以元音字母
+y
结尾
变化形式
+
-
s
+
-
es

y

i
+
-es
直接加
s
例词
shops
buses
city-cities
boys
单词以

o



以辅音字母
+o
+
-
es
tomatoes
photo
piano
除外
photos
pianos
zoos
kangaroos
knife-knives
Wolf-wolves

以元音字母
+o
+
-
s
一些以
‘f’

‘fe’
结尾的单词

’f‘

’fe‘
变成
’ves'
)
特殊变化:
元音字母交替
man-men
woman-women
foot-feet
tooth-teeth
mouse-mice
单复数同型
fish
deer(鹿)sheep
Chinese
Japanese
词尾变化
child-children
不可数名词
:(参照笔记不可数名词口诀)
a
cup
of
tea
a
glass
of
water
a
can
of
coke
a
bottle
of
juice
a
bowl
of
rice
a
piece
of
meat
two
cups
of
tea
two
glasses
of
water
two
cans
of
coke
two
bottles
of
juice
two
bowls
of
rice
two
pieces
of
meat
have
got
的用法
(参照笔记和课本
80
页)
have
got
人拥有...
He
has
got
a
brother.
比较
have
人有...He
has
a
brother.
物有...
The
dog
has
two
big
eyes.
some

any
的用法
参照笔记和课本第
81
页)
some

any
的其他用法
Some
用于表建议的疑问句
How
about
some
orange
juice

Would
you
like
some
...

any
用于肯定句表示任何一个...
Any
one
should
learn
English
well.
任何人都应该学好英语

单词和短语
MODULE
5
breakfast,lunch,dinner,supper
home
回家
a
break,a
rest
to
school
上学
have
English,Chinese
go
to
bed
上床睡觉
a
maths
lesson
to
sleep
入睡
a
drink
On
the
weekend
weekdays
在工作日
在周末
on
Sunday
在周日
At
weekends
Monday
morning/afternoon/evening
在周一上午/下午/晚上
half
past
nine
the
morning
at
noon/midday
in
the
afternoon
night
the
evening
to...和...说话
(一方说一方听)
talk
with...和...交谈(双方交谈)
about...和...谈论论关于...

语法
时间表达法(参照笔记)
What
time
is
it

几点钟
What’s
the
time

When
do
you
get
up
What
time
do
you
get
up
When
is
your
birthday
/
the
film (问日、月、年或某事何时发生)
一般现在时(I
)(参照笔记和课本第
82
页)
意义:人或物在日常生活中经常做的事情或经常处于某一状态。
一般现在时的功能:
.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。eg:The
sky
is
blue.
.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
eg:I
get
up
at
six
every
day.
3.表示客观现实。
eg:The
earth
goes
around
the
sun.
一般现在时的构成
1.
be
动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。eg:I
am
a
boy.
2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。
eg:We
study
English.
结构一:
I
We
You
+动词原形.(肯定句)
They
have
lunch.
The
boys
(名词复数)
I
We
You
+don’t
+
动词原形.(否定句)
They
don’t
have
lunch.
The
boys
(名词复数)
I
we
Yes,主语+do.
Do
+
You
+动词原形
?(一般疑问句)
回答
No,主语+don’t.
they
have
lunch

the
boys
(名词复数)

单词和短语

Names
of
the
animals
MODULE
6
camel
elephant
giraffe
kangaroo
monkey--monkeys
Snake
panda
lion
zebra
polar
bear
wolf--wolves

大洲及动物居住地
in
Asia
Africa
Europe
Oceania
America
North/South
America
the
desert
/
forest
/
grassland
/
jungle
/
sea
/
wild
my
grandparents
Visit
the
zoo
五千
5
thousand
thousands
of
students
everyone
/
everybody
+
动词单三形式
be
from...
=
come
from
...
15
kilos
of
bamboo
go
and
do
sth.
=
go
to
do
sth.
去做某事
go
and
see
the
panda
.
=
go
to
see
the
panda.
去看熊猫
Here
is
a/an
...
这有...
Here
are
..
全世界
all
over
the
world
around
the
world
语法
a
little
(用于不可数名词)
little
一些
(用于肯定句)
几乎没有(在肯定句中构成否定句)
a
few

用于可数名词复数)
few
There
is
a
little
milk
in
the
glass.
杯里有一些牛奶
There
is
little
milk
in
the
glass.
杯里几乎没有牛奶
There
are
a
few
apples
in
the
fridge.
冰箱里有一些苹果
There
few
apples
in
the
fridge.
冰箱里几乎没有苹果
一般现在时(Ⅱ)(参照笔记和课本第
83
页)
一般现在时中第三人称行为动词的变化规律
(
规则
一般动词后词加
s

s

x

ch

sh
结尾加
es
以辅音字母加
o



es
以辅音字母加
y
结尾去
y

ies
动词原形
p
l
a
y
guess
go
study
第三人称单数形式
plays
guesses
goes
studies
)
结构二
He
She
+
动词第三人称单数.(肯定句)
It
has
two
big
eyes.
Tony
(名词第三人称单数)
He
She
+
doesn’t
+
动词原形.(否定句)
It
doesn’t
have
two
big
eyes.
Tony
(名词第三人称单数)
he
she
Does
+
it
+
动词原形

(一般疑问句)
Tony
have
two
big
eyes

(名词第三人称单数)

单词和短语
MODULE
7
connect
...
to
...
把连接到
write
a
name
for
it
为它命名
on
the
computer/phone/television
通过电脑、电话、电视
save
the
document
保存文件
save
one's
life
拯救生命
do
one's
homework
做作业
go
online/on
the
Internet
上网
send
email
and
photos
发送邮件和照片
make
travel
plans
做旅行计划
check
the
train
timetable
查询列车时刻表
get
information(a
piece
of
information)
获得信息
(一条信息)
download
music
下载音乐
visit
one
website
访问网站
on
the
Internet
在网上
weekends
在周末
the
weekend
at/on
weekdays
在工作日
weekday
switch
on/off
...
开启电器
turn
on/off
...
关闭电器
mouse
mice
老鼠
mouses
鼠标
say
+内容
Say
goodbye!
说再见!
Speak
语言
Speak
English.说英语
to
sb.
Speak
to
mum.和妈妈说话
sb.
Sth
告诉某人某事
sth
to
sb.
把某事告诉某人
tell
sb.
(not)
to
do
sth.
告诉某人(不)做某事
a
story
Sometimes
有时
some
times
几次、几倍
Sometime
某一时间
Some
time
一段时间(表将来)
learn
to
do
sth.
学习做某事
plan
to
do
sth
.
计划做某事

语法
一般现在时(Ⅲ)(参考笔记和课本第
84
页)
结构三:
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+
一般疑问句

特殊疑问词总结:
What
什么(职业,姓名等)
when
什么时候

where
什么地方
who

Which
哪一个
why
为什么
How
怎么样
what
day
星期几
What
size
多大尺码
how
many
多少(提问可数名词数量)
多少(提问不可数名词数量)
How
much
多少钱(提问价格)
How
old
几岁(提问年龄)
多长(提问长度)
How
long
多长时间(时间持续多久)How
long
do
you
go
to
school

你去学校要多长时间?
How
often
多久(提问频率既单位时间发生多少次)
How
soon
(还要多久时间才能开始或结束)How
soon
will
he
come
back

How
far
(提问距离有多远)
他多久才能回来?
How
heavy
(提问有多重)
MODULE
8

单词和短语
(
七年级上
)
be
on
上映...节目
film
star
电影明星
football
matches

球比赛
stay
at
home
呆在家
the
party
在晚会上
at
the
stadium
体育馆
Cinema
在电影院
night
在晚上
the
photo
在照片里
in
the
fridge
在冰箱里
China
/
Beijing
2008
中国、北京、2008
see
a
film
/
see
films
=
go
to
the
cinema
watch
a
movie
/movies
看电影

句型
It’s
+
形容词
+
to
do
sth.做某事是...
on
sth.
人+spend(s)+时间/金钱
某人在...花钱/时间
in
doing
sth.
某人在做某事上花钱/时间
Would
you
like
sth?你想要...
to
do
sth?你愿意做...
Let's
do
sth.
让我们做...
What's
the
price
of......
...价格是多少
Best
wishes
to
sb.给...最美好的祝愿
for
teachers'
day
like
practice
Thank
you
for
Finish
+doing
sth
start
My
hobby
is...
favourite
sport
is...
(
I
have
no
time.
I
don't
have
time
.
)do
sth.
(

)我没有时间
watch
sb
看到某人做了...
doing
sth
看到某人正在做...
四、区别
want
would
like
ask/invite
sb.
Tell
sb
to
do
sth.
主语
+
please
let
would
could
can
must
do
(
13
)does
do
sth.
(
16
)
be
different
from
和...不同
ask
sb.
(not)
to
do
sth.
让某人(不)做某事
have
a
habit
of
ding
sth.有做...事的习惯
get
sth.
from
sb.
从某人那里得到...
a
box
of
candies/chocolates
一盒糖、巧克力糖
wear
silk
shirts
穿着丝绸
T-恤
a
pair
of
jeans/trainers/glasses/shoes
send/give
sth.
to
sb.
make/buy/choose
sth.
for
sb.
=send/give
sb.
sth.
=make/buy/choose
sb.
sth.
(当物为代词时,只能

to

for
的句型)
lots
of
a
lot
of
many
+【C】
+【C】或【U】肯定句
肯定或否定句
much
+【U】

语法
一般现在时(Ⅳ)
频度副词用法
(




)always
总是
usually
通常
often
经常
sometimes
有时
seldom
很少
never
从不
(在肯定句中构成否定句即表否定含义)
1.be
动词之后
Jim
is
late
for
school.
2.主语之后行为动词之前
He
always
goes
to
school
by
bike.
3.句首
Sometimes,I
go
to
school
by
bike.
4.助动词和情态动词之后
I
don’t
always
go
to
school
by
bike.
注意

在一般现在时中频度副词对行为动词的形式无影响。例如
2,4
.

单词和短语
MODULE
9
lie
in
the
sun
躺在阳光下
sth
to
sb.
stand
in
line
站成一排
send
把...发送给某人
take
photos
of
给...拍照
sb
sth.
wait
for...等待...
发送给某人...
the
Great
Wall
长城
a
lot=
very
much
非常
be
on
a
school
trip
进行学校旅行
go
back
to
回到...
right
now
立刻
get
on/off
上/下(bus/train...)
be
on
sale
出售(打折)
run
for...
追赶...
go
to
the
opera
去歌剧院(听歌剧)
enjoy
the
sun
享受阳光
have
a
drink
喝饮料

句型
enjoy
doing
sth
喜欢做某事
What
about
It’s
time
to
do
sth.到做某事的时间了
How
about
doing
sth

sth
做...怎么样
Thank
you
/Thanks
for
因为...感谢你
doing
sth.
Would
like
to
do
sth.
愿意做某事
因为做...感谢你

语法
现在进行时:
人或物现在或现阶段正在做的事情。
(具体内容参照课本第
85
页)
结构:
肯定句:
主语
+be
+现在分词(动词
ing).
We
are
having
a
school
trip
now.
否定句:
主语
+
be
not
+
现在分词
(动词
ing).
We
are
not
having
a
school
trip
now.
一般疑问句:Be
+
主语
+
现在分词(动词
ing)

Are
you
having
a
school
trip
now

特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词
+
一般疑问句

What
are
you
doing
now

注意:
1.如:come,go,leave,start,begin,finish,move
等动词的现在进行时表示动作将要发生而不是表
示动作正在进行。
例如:I
am
leaving
for
Beijing.
我将要动身前往北京。
2.常用语现在进行时的时间和单词。
now
,at
the
/this
moment
,look!Listen!
等。
一单词和短语
MODULE
10
at
Spring
Festival
在春节
Father
Christmas
圣诞老人
at
Christmas
Day
在圣诞节
cook
the
meal
做饭
make
lanterns
扎灯笼
be
at
work=be
working
在工作
learn
the
dragon
dance
学舞龙
hurry
up
赶快
sweep
the
floor
扫地
good/bad
luck
好运/晦气(坏运气)
get
ready
for...=be
ready
for...
为...做准备
have
a
look
看一看
Put
away...
把...收起来,放好
the
lion
dance
舞狮
sweep
away...
扫除
traditional
family
dinner
传统的家庭大餐
on
the
same
day
在同一天
on
Christmas
Eve
在圣诞节前夕

句型
with
sth
with
sth.
help
sb
帮助某人...事
be
busy
忙于...事
do
sth.
in
doing
sth.
帮助某人做某事
忙于做某事
sb
sth.
Give
给某人...
sth
to
sb.
把...给某人

语法
一般现在时和现在进行时的比较:
一、概念不同:
一般现在时说明人或物经常性和习惯性做的事情或存在的状态,也表示说话者的能力及自
然现象。而现在进行时表示说话时(瞬间)正在做的事情,也表示目前或现阶段一直在做的
事情。如:
She
often
does
her
homework
in
the
evening.
她经常在晚上做作业。
She
is
doing
her
homework
now.
现在她正在做作业。
二、在构成方式上的不同:
一般现在时中谓语动词的构成有以下三种情况:
①be
动词的一般现在时形式:am,is,are.
②动词
have
的一般现在时形式:have,has.
③其他行为动词的一般现在时形式有动词原形或第三人称单数形式。
而现在进行时中谓语动词的构成是:am/is/are+动词的-ing
形式(现在分词)。
三、时间状语不同:
一般现在时的时间状语主要有:always,usually,often,sometimes,never,every
day,
on
Sundays,in
the
morning/afternoon/evening
等;
现在进行时的时间状语主要有:now,these
days,this
week,at
the
moment
等,有
时句首有“Look!”、“Listen!”或“It’s+时刻”等词、句存在。如:
We
play
football
in
the
afternoon.我们在下午踢足球。(一般现在时)
My
mother
is
reading
a
newspaper
now.
我妈妈正在看报纸。(现在进行时)
四、感彩不同:
一般现在时往往不带任何感彩,语气比较肯定。现在进行时常带有一定的感彩,
(
18
)
并多与
always,
often
等副词连用。如:
Mr.
Li
works
hard
in
the
factory.
李先生在工厂工作努力。(说明事实,语气比较肯定)
Mr.
Li
is
always
working
hard
in
the
factory.李先生在工厂工作一直很努力。(表示赞
扬)
五、用语范围不同:
某种表示情感、意识(如
want,like,know
等);表示“有”的
have
等动词,一般不用于
现在进行时,但可用于一般现在时。如:
我现在就想回家。
误:I
am
wanting
to
go
home
now.
正:I
want
to
go
home
now.
他有一台电脑。
误:He
is
having
a
computer.
正:He
has
a
computer.
六、时间范围不同:
这两种时态所表示的时间范围都可能有“过去——现在——将来”的意味,但相对而言,一
般现在时持续的时间较长,甚至无限。而现在进行时持续的时间较短,可能片刻完成。如:
She
comes
from
Shanghai.
她是上海人。
She
is
coming
from
Shanghai.她正从(或即将从)上海来。