Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors Learning about language

课件31张PPT。Unit 5
Meeting your ancestorsLanguage pointsUseful phrasesregardless of
make a fire
layers of ash
keep out
at most
at least
cut up
an ample amount of不顾；不管生火 一层层灰烬不许入内，挡在外面 至多；最多至少切碎大量的；充足的1. Can you think of the alternatives we would use today?alternative n. 可能的选择；替换物, 取舍
If you don't like the school lunch, you have the alternative of bringing your own. What alternatives are there? They had no alternative in the matter. adj. 两者择一的; 供选择的
There was no alternative route open to her.
Have you got an alternative suggestion? alternative和choice
两词均可作名词或形容词。choice可指从
种事物中选择其一，而alternative一般指
两者中择一。choice指比较具体的选择的
作或结果，alternative指抽象的办法，不
具体事物。 choice 强调主观的挑选或
恶，alternative指客观存在的可供取舍的
径。如：
1. Her first choice is to become a musician.
2. These are choice silk goods from Suzhou.
3. He had the alternative of working and
being successful or not working hard
and being successful.
4. She had no other alternative but to
resign.
5. The phrase has alternative explanations.2. You must be aware that it’s here that
we found evidence of some of the earliest
people who lived in this part of the world.You must be aware that …主句后接由强调句和定语从句组成的宾语从句。it’s here that we found …是强调句； who lived in this part of the world是定语从句。aware adj. “意识到的；知道的”，通常用作表语
I am well aware that this is a tough job.
We are fully aware of the gravity of the situation. 3. I’m sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here?interrupt v. 打断；中断
Don't interrupt me, children.
He interrupted college to serve in the army.
Traffic was interrupted by a dense fog. 4. So we think it’s reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold.assume v. 假设；设想；装作；承担（责任）
I assume that is what you meant.
He assumed a look of surprise.
I made a mistake and I will assume responsibility for it. regardless of 不管；不顾
She is determined to do it regardless of all consequences. in spite of 指“除....外,不管”， regardless of更侧重表示“对....熟视无睹,置若罔闻”。5. It must have been very uncomfortable.must have + 过去分词：表示对过去发生的动作或存在的状态进行推测，只用于肯定的陈述句中(在否定句及疑问句中用can )，意思是“一定已经”。例如：
If he had really been there, I must have seen him.英语中，常用情态动词must, may, might, can, could, should, ought to, would等＋have＋过去分词表示对过去发生事情的推测。一般来说，说话人的语气或推测的把握程度不同，使用的情态动词也不同。 can／could＋have＋过去分词：表示对过去某种行为或存在的状态的怀疑或不肯定推测。can常用于否定句和疑问句；could除用于否定句及疑问句外,还可用于肯定句。例如：Don't worry-they could have just forgotten to phone.may／might＋have＋过去分词：表示对过去发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测，即说话人认为过去某事发生的可能性或某状态存在的可能性一般。可用于肯定句和否定句；might的语气没有may那么肯定。例如：
He might not have got your letter.should／ought to＋have＋过去分词：肯定式表示"过去本应做某事(但没做)"；否定式表示"过去不该做某事(但做了)"。该句式含有不满或责备之意。例如：
You're right. I should have been more careful.would＋have＋过去分词：表示过去本来要做某事却因某种原因未做，通常用来说明某种情况，但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。例如：
I would have written to you earlier but I have been ill.6. After that they would rub an ample amount of salt onto the skin to make it soft.
ample adj. 足够的；充足的
Ample sunshine and rainfall are bringing the crops on nicely.
This leaves her ample time to prepare three meals a day. enough, sufficient ＆ample
enough和sufficient都是“足够’的意思，但前者较通用，后者较正式、文字味重。
ample和enough的词义基本一致，但在程度上，ample超过enough，相当于greatly enough。例如：
There is ample space for a garage. Discovering useful structures---The Present Perfect Continuous 现在完成进行时
1. 结构：由“have/has been+动词的现在分词”构成
2. 现在完成进行时的用法
（1）表示从过去某时开始、一直持续到现在的动作，可能刚刚停止，也可能还在继续进行。 I have been learning English since three years ago.We have been waiting for you for half an hour.She has been saying that 20 times.
He has been calling on her several times this week.
We have been having a lot of rain recently. （2）有时现在完成进行时不是指某动作一直在不停的进行，而是表示一直到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作，常常带有感彩。 例如： 辨析： 现在完成时和现在完成进行时
现在完成时和现在完成进行时均可表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，有时两者可换用。这两种时态的主要区别有两个 ：
1）现在完成时表示动作已完成，着重结果；现在完成进行时表示动作的进行，强调动作的持续性 比较：
I have watered the flowers.
我已经给花浇过水了 （已完成：你不必浇了）
I have been watering the flowers.
我一直在给花浇水 （未完成：一直在浇）2）状态动词、知觉动词或情感动词如：see, feel, know, love 等，不可用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。例如：
I have known her for a long time.
我认识她已经很久了。
I haven’t seen him theses days.
这些日子我没有见过他。 【典型例题】
1. --- I ______ so busily recently that I _____ no time to help you with your math.
--- That’s OK. I can manage it by myself.
　 A. have been working; have
B. have worked; had
C. am working; will have
D. had been working; had had
【答案】A。 考查现在完成进行时的用法
【点拨】recently常与现在完成时或一般过去时连用，第二空应用一般现在时。 2. --- Have you finished the report?
--- No. I ______ it all this week.
A. will do B. had done C. have done D. have been doing
【答案】D 。考查现在完成进行时的用法
【点拨】现在完成进行时可用于表示动作或状态从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，有可能继续延续下去，也可能刚刚结束。本题使用现在完成进行时强调了动作的持续性和未完成性。1. We ___for the bus half an hour, but it has not come yet.
A. have been waiting B. have waited
C. are waiting D. have been waited
2. You are so late. We ________ you for a whole hour.
A. waited B. had waited
C. were waiting for
D. have been waiting for ADChoose the best answers.3. He _______articles for our wall-newspaper
the three years, and he ______about thirty
articles.
A. has written; has written
B. has been writing; wrote
C. is writing; has been writing
D. has been writing; has written
D4. It ______ for two days. The roads will be blocked if it _____ soon.
A. snowed; won’t
B. has been snowing; doesn’t stop
C. has snowed; won’t stop
D. snow; doesn’t stop
5. It ____ for two hours and the ground is too wet to play on, so the match _______.
A. has been raining; has put off
B. has rained; is put off
C. was raining; has been put off
D. has been raining; has been put offBD6. He wanted to know how this ____________.
A. had happened B. happened
C. has happened D. has been happening
7. China sent up Shenzhou VI manned spaceship into space successfully, which shows science and technology _____ rapidly in China.
A. has been developing B. develops
C. is developing D. has developedAA 8. Mrs. White became a teacher in 1985. She _____ for 20 years by next summer.
A. will teach B. would have taught
C. has been teaching
D. will have been teaching
9. ---Hi, Tracy, you look tired.
---I am tired. I _____ the living room all day.
A. painted B. had painted
C. have been painting D. have painted
10. Now that she is out of a job, Lucy ______
going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.
A. had considered B. has been considering
C. considered D. is going to considerDCBComplete the article in the correct form of the given words. The archaeological remains discovered at Sanxingdui ____________ (recognize) as one of the most important finds of the 20th century. They were first discovered by a farmer in 1929 while he ____________ (plough) his fields and excavation ____________ (continue) ever since. As the years have passed, this culture _________________ (uncover) gradually. It ___________ (amaze) archaeologists with its vast size and richness if its cultural finds.are recognizedwas ploughinghas continuedhas been uncoveredhas amazedThe Sanxingdui finds are exciting but they _______ (remain) enigmatic. No texts ______________ (find), nor is there any mention if this culture in the records of other countries, so further work needs ________ (do). An analysis of the lead and other elements in the bronzes ___________ (indicate) sources similar to those of other cultures. We ____ (hope) then that this unique culture will no longer remain a mystery and the people who ________ (produce) such wonderful artifacts __________ (become) more familiar to us.remainhave been foundto be donewill indicatehopeproducedwill become1. 我等了一个钟头，她还没来。
__________________________________
_________________.
2. 这些年来你一直在干什么？
__________________________________?
3. 我很累，我忙了一上午了。
__________________________________
__________.I have been waiting for an hour, but she hasn’t come yetWhat have you been doing these yearsI’m tired. I have been busy the whole morningPut the sentences into English.4. 我一整天一直在找我的狗，还没有找到。
___________________________________
___________________________.
5. 汤姆一直在花园挖土，我在帮他。
_________________________________
_______________________.
I have been looking for my dog the whole day, but haven’t found it yetTom has been digging in the garden all the time. I am helping him