History
of
the
Olympic
Games
Pindar,
the
Greek
poet
wrote
in
the
5th
century
BC:"As
in
the
daytime
there
is
no
star
in
the
sky
warmer
and
brighter
than
the
sun,
likewise
there
is
no
competition
greater
than
the
Olympic
Games.
According
to
historic
records,
the
first
ancient
Olympic
Games
can
be
traced
back
to
776
BC.
They
were
dedicated
to
the
Olympian
Gods and
were
staged
on
the
ancient
plains
of
Olympia.
Initially
they
had
a
religious
character
and
combined
a
number
of
ancient
sporting
events,
many
of
which
were
based
on
ancient
Greek
myths.
The
ancient
Games
actually
occupied
an
important
position
in
the
life
of the
Greek
ancestors.
An
Olympiad
was
a
time
unit,
measuring
the four-year
interval
between
two
Games.
Participants
came
to
compete
from
every
corner
of
the
Greek
world
aiming
at
the
ultimate
prize:
an
olive
wreath
and
a
"heroic"
return
to
their
city-states.
But
apart
from
the
glorious
victory,
it
was
the
Olympic
values
themselves
which
accorded
special
meaning
to
the
Games:
noble
competition
and
the
effort
to
combine
body,
will,
and
mind
in
a
balanced
whole.
As
the
Games
developed,
so
did
a
set
of
procedures
such
as
a
standardized
schedule
of
events
and
the
practice
of
the Olympic
Truce.
They
continued
for
nearly
12
centuries,
until
Emperor
Theodosius
decreed,
in
393
AD,
that
all
such
'pagan
cults'
be
banned.
He
asserted
that
the
Games
placed
an
excessive
public
focus
on
athletic
and
spiritual
affairs.
The
games
were
abolished
until
the
19th
Century.
Intellectuals
such
as
Evangelos
Zappas
and
Demetrios
Vikelas
who
believed
in
the
spirit
of
noble
contests
and
the
Olympic
ideals,
lent
their
voices
and
efforts
to
the
revival
of
the
Olympic
Games.
However,
it
was
French
Baron
Pierre
de
Coubertin
who
orchestrated
the
re-establishment
of
the
Games,
by
advocating
the
marriage
of
sports
and
Greek
classicism,
leading
the
way
to
the
first
Modern
Olympic
Games
in
1896.
The
Greek
public
embraced
the
revival,
and
joined
the
efforts
to
organize
the
Games.
Any
financial
difficulties
faced
by
the
Greek
state
at
the
time,
were
met
through
the
mobilization
of
people
and
benefactors
alike.
The
marble
renovation
of
the
ancient
Panathinaikon
Stadium
that
hosted
the
first
modern
Games
was
financed
by
George
Averoff,
a
Greek
benefactor
from
Northern
Greece.
With
the
revival
of
the
Olympic
Games,
a
number
of
symbolic
Olympic
Traditions
were
also
developed
and
established
(i.e.
the
Olympic
Anthem,
the
Olympic
Creed,
the
Olympic
Flag,
the
Olympic
Flame
and
Torch).
Over
the
years,
the
Olympic
Games
traveled
to
different
countries
and
continents,
and
now
finally
in
2004,
they
returned
to
the
country
of
their
birth
and
the
city
of
their
revival
for
the
hosting
of
the
XXVIII
Modern
Olympic
Games.
公元前五世纪的希腊抒情诗人品达曾写道：“正如在白天天空中没有星星比太阳更温暖，更明亮，同样，没有比奥运会更激烈的比赛。
据历史记载，第一届古代奥运会可以追溯到公元前776年，为纪念奥林匹亚神在奥林匹亚的古代平原上举行。起初他们信仰宗教并综合了许多古代运动项目，其中很多都源于古希腊神话。
古代奥运会在古希腊人的生活中占据了很重要的地位。奥运会每四年举行一届，来自希腊各地的参赛者参与角逐，目标就是最终奖赏：一个橄榄花圈和“英雄”般的返乡。除去胜利的光荣，奥林匹克价值本身赋予了奥运会特殊的意义：高尚竞争，把身体、意志和精神平衡的结合于一体。
随着奥运会的发展，一系列程序，如标准化的项目时间表和奥林匹克休战的实践也在完善。这样持续了近
12个世纪，直到西奥多斯大帝在公元393年颁布法令，取缔所有“异教徒”。他宣称，奥运会使公众过于注意运动及精神。
18世纪，奥运会被废止。知识分子们，如塞帕斯和维克拉斯，坚信高尚比赛的精神和奥林匹克理想，为复兴奥运会而努力奔波。
法国人顾拜旦通过提倡运动和希腊古典主义的结合，使奥运会复兴起来，为1896年第一届现代奥运会的举行铺平了道路。
希腊民众迎接了奥运会的复兴，并努力组织起了这次奥运会。当时希腊政府所面临的资金难题，都被人民和捐助者所解决。举行第一届现代奥运会的古潘那斯那康体育场，其大理石更新便是由来自希腊北部的捐助者艾沃奥夫资助的。
随着奥运会的复兴，形成了很多具有象征意义的奥运会传统，如奥林匹克
会歌、奥林匹克格言、奥林匹克旗、奥林匹克火焰和火炬。
经过许多年，奥运会旅行了许多不同的大陆和国家，今年，也就是2004年，她回到了自己的出生地，回到了当年复兴的城市，举行第
28届现代奥运会。Unit
3
Language
in
use
Class
Type
Revision
and
application
Objectives
To
summarize
and
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )onsolidate
the
use
of
the
past
simple
passive
voice;To
do
a
class
sports
survey.
Difficulties
To
use
the
past
simple
passive
voice.
Period
2
Procedure
Lead-in
Review:
Ask
Ss
to
write
out
the
past
participles
of
some
verbs.Read
some
sentences
with
the
passive
voice.
Step
1
Explain
the
use
of
the
past
simple
passive
voice.
Step
2
Ask
Ss
to
finish
so
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me
exercise
related
to
the
past
simple
passive
voice.
Step
3
Summarize
the
form
of
the
past
simple
passive
voice.
Step
4
Finish
Activity
3.
Step
5
More
exercise
related
to
the
basic
tenses.
Step
6
Exercise
from
Senior
High
School
Entrance
Examination.
Step
7
Listening
and
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )around
the
world
Before
doing
Activity
6,
talk
about
taekwondo
and
introduce
Chen
Zhong,
a
taekwondo
competitor.
Step
8
Listen
and
complete
Activity
6.
Step
9
Listen
again
and
complete
Activity
7.
Step
10
Listen
for
a
third
time
and
answer
some
questions.
Step
11
Free
talkWhat
do
you
think
about
the
success
of
sports
stars Is
it
easy
for
them
to
achieve
success What
can
you
learn
from
them
Step
12
Complete
Activity
8
Step
13
Introduce
the
Paralympics
Step
14
Enjoy
the
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me
song
of
the
2008
Summer
Paralympic
Games,
Flying
with
the
Dream.
Step
15
Read
the
passage
in
Around
the
world
and
answer
some
questions.
Step
16
Module
taskDo
a
class
sports
survey.Write
the
results
of
your
survey.
Step
17
Writing
Write
about
sports.(共30张PPT)
动
词
过去分词
have
give
sell
write
go
get
come
had
given
sold
written
gone
got
come
Revision
写出下列动词的过去分词。
动词
过去分词
fly
see
do
take
send
eat
find
be
break
flown
seen
done
taken
sent
eaten
found
been
broken
Read
the
sentences
with
the
passive
voice.
Daming
wasn’t
chosen
for
the
team
last
time.
He
was
invited
to
competitions
around
the
world.
Liu
was
encouraged
to
train
for
the
high
jump.
Liu
Xiang’s
ability
in
hurdling
was
noticed
by
Sun
Haiping.
In
2001,
a
special
programme
was
set
up
to
help
…
His
races
were
recorded,
and
he
was
compared
with
the
world’s
best
sports
stars.
我们学习了一般现在时的被动语态，但是如果要表达发生在过去的事情或行为，被动语态又该如何使用呢？
被动语态的谓语部分为“be+动词的过去分词”，其中be
为助动词，有形式的变化。以动词do
为例，根据时态变化规则，一般过去时的被动语态形式如下：
时态
主动语态
被动语态
一般
现在时
一般
过去时
do
/
does
is
/
am
/
are
+
done
did
was
/
were
+
done
下面让我们来看一下被动语态的疑问和否定形式该如何表达。
时态
肯定形式
否定形式
疑问形式
一般
现在时
S
+am
/
is
/
are
+
done
S
+
am
/
is
/
are
+
not
+
done
Am
/
Is
/
Are
+
S
+
done
时态
肯定形式
否定形式
疑问形式
一般
过去
时
S
+
was
/
were
+
done
S
+
was
/
were
+
not
+
done
Was
/
Were
+
S
+
done
Practice
I.
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
My
computer
____________
(repair)
by
my
cousin
yesterday.
2.
My
father
_________
(tell)
to
take
the
medicine
three
times
a
day.
3.
We
_____________
(not
allow)
to
read
in
bed,
because
it
is
bad
for
our
eyes.
4.
A
new
library
____________
(build)
in
our
school
last
year.
was
repaired
was
told
are
not
allowed
was
built
II.
将下列句子转换成被动语态。
1.
The
girls
often
sing
English
songs.
____________________________________
2.
He
didn’t
show
his
photos
to
me.
____________________________________
3.
He
asked
me
to
help
him
with
his
maths.
____________________________________
English
songs
are
often
sung
by
the
girls.
His
photos
were
not
shown
to
me.
I
was
asked
to
help
him
with
his
maths.
4.
My
cousin
bought
a
color
TV
set.
______________________________________
______________________________________
5.
Mother
made
a
big
cake
for
us
yesterday.
______________________________________
______________________________________
6.
John
didn’t
answer
all
the
phones.
______________________________________
______________________________________
A
big
cake
was
made
for
us
by
Mother
yesterday.
A
color
TV
set
was
bought
by
my
cousin.
All
the
phones
were
not
answered
by
John.
结论:
一般过去时的被动语态的构成是:
主语+
was
(单数)
/
were
(复数)
+
done
(+
by
...)
否定形式是:
主语+
was
(单数)
/
were
(复数)
+
not
+
done
(+
by
...)
一般疑问句形式是:
Was
(单数)
/
Were
(复数)
+
主语+
done
(+
by
...)
1
Complete
the
conversation
with
the
correct
form
of
the
words
in
the
box.
You
need
to
use
some
words
more
than
once.
1.were;
held
2.
were
held
3.
did;
win
4.
were
won
5.
did;
win
6.
was
chosen
choose
hold
win
2
Complete
the
passage
with
the
correct
form
of
the
words
in
brackets.
Millions
of
people
across
the
world
(1)________
(watch)
the
2008
Beijing
Olympic
Games.
The
excellent
results
at
the
Games
were
the
products
of
many
years
of
hard
work.
Young
Olympic
players
(2)____________
(train)
by
their
coaches.
watched
were
trained
Their
training
(3)____________
(record)
and
(4)_________
(compare)
with
those
of
the
world’s
best
players.
The
information
(5)________
(use)
to
make
training
methods
better.
Hard
training
and
proper
methods
helped
many
players
become
successful
at
the
2008
Beijing
Olympic
Games.
was
recorded
compared
was
used
—
Was
the
cup
broken
by
Tom
—
Yes,
it
was.
/
No,
it
wasn’t.
break
—
Were
you
invited
to
Betty’s
party
—
Yes,
she
invites
all
of
our
classmates.
invite
Practice
用括号中所给动词的正确时态、语态填空。
1.
He
had
a
lot
of
works,
but
few
people
today
still
________
(read)
them.
2.
Last
year
the
editor
_______
(send)
the
postcard
to
the
writer.
It
is
still
put
on
the
desk
in
her
bedroom.
3.
Many
trees
in
the
mountain
near
my
house
_____________
(destroy)
every
year.
4.
My
mobile
phone
_____________
(steal)
on
a
bus
last
week.
read
sent
are
destroyed
was
stolen
5.
The
farmers
________
(grow)
rice
in
spring.
They
are
busy
at
that
time.
6.
—When
______
the
bridge
________
(build)
—In
2005.
7.
Daming
____________
(finish)
the
work
on
time
if
he
has
enough
time.
8.
The
broken
bikes
______________
(repair)
last
weekend.
We
will
ride
the
bikes
to
go
out
tomorrow.
grow
was
built
will
finish
were
repaired
3
Look
at
the
pictures
and
tell
the
story
with
the
help
of
the
words
and
expressions
under
the
pictures.
There
is
one
possible
answer.
An
Italian
marathon
runner,
Dorando
Pietri,
entered
the
stadium
and
took
a
wrong
turn
during
the
race.
He
fell
down.
He
was
treated
by
a
doctor
and
he
was
helped
across
the
finishing
line.
At
first,
he
was
given
the
first
place,
and
the
American
runner
Johnny
Hayes
was
given
the
second
place.
But
after
a
discussion,
the
American
runner
was
given
the
first
place.
4
Complete
the
sentences
with
the
correct
form
of
the
words
in
the
box.
1.
methods
2.
decision
3.
seats;
race
4.
pride;
neck
5.
Asian
6.
ability
ability
Asian
decision
method
neck
pride
race
seat
将下列句子的主动语态变为被动语态。
1.
Lu
Xun
wrote
the
novel
at
the
age
of
thirty.
The
novel
______________
by
Lu
Xun
at
the
age
of
thirty.
2.
Our
teacher
often
asks
us
to
go
home
on
time.
We
_______________
to
go
home
on
time
by
our
teacher.
was
written
are
often
asked
3.
Did
Mike
break
the
glass
___________________
by
Mike
4.
Did
Daming
win
the
first
prize
in
the
school
composition
competition
__________
the
first
prize
_________
by
Daming
in
the
school
composition
competition
5.
He
didn’t
see
the
man
in
the
street
yesterday.
The
man
___________________
in
the
street
yesterday.
Was
the
glass
broken
Was
won
wasn’t
seen
by
him
6.
Do
the
students
speak
English
at
the
English
corner
_________
English
_________
by
the
students
at
the
English
corner
7.
My
uncle
used
up
all
of
his
money.
All
of
his
money
_____________
by
my
uncle.
Is
spoken
was
used
up
(2016湖南株洲)
Artemisinin
____
by
Tu
Youyou,
a
great
Chinese
scientist.
A.
was
invented
B.
invented
C.
has
invented
A
真题链接
(2016天津)
Paper
_____first
_____
about
2,000
years
ago
in
China.
A.
is,
creating
B.
is
created
C.
has,
created
D.
was
created
D
(2016重庆B卷)
---
Mom,
where
is
my
model
plane
---
Oh,
it
______
to
Jenny
yesterday.
A.
is
lent
B.
lends
C.
was
lent
D.
lent
C
(2016安徽)
When
the
baby
dog
_____,
it
was
very
hungry.
So
we
gave
it
some
food.
A.
is
found
B.
was
found
C.
has
been
found
D.
will
be
found
B
Many
houses
_____
by
the
earthquake
and
thousands
of
people
were
left
homeless.（2015广州）
A.
damaged
B.
were
damaged
C.
were
damaging
D.
are
damaged
B
UNICEF（联合国儿童基金会）was
_____
in
1946.
It
works
to
help
children
live
a
better
life.
（2015三亚）
A.
picked
up
B.
put
C.
set
up
C
(2014河南)
When
Tim
_______
why
he
was
late
for
school,
he
just
kept
silent.
A.
was
asked
B.
asked
C.
was
asking
D.
is
asking
A
(2014广州)
He
is
very
surprised
that
all
the
houses
in
the
village
______
white.
A.
paint
B.
painted
C.
are
painting
D.
are
painted
C
Many
houses
______
in
the
earthquake
of
April
20,
2013
in
Ya’an.
(2013广西玉林)
A.
is
destroyed
B.
are
destroyed
C
was
destroyed
D.
were
destroyed
D
Han
Han’s
books
are
popular.
They
______
by
many
teenagers.
(2013广西南宁)
A.
is
read
B.
was
read
C.
are
read
D.
were
read
C
