2010高考英语语法复习课件-it的六大考点

课件66张PPT。高考常考的IT的六大考点It常考的六大考点考查it做代词
考查it做形式主语
考查it做形式宾语
考查it的强调句型
考查it的几个常用句型
考查it的固定用法考查it做代词 一、代替整个句子
二、表示不确定指代
三、考查在性别不明时指人或小孩
四、指上文或者下文出现的物或事
五、指天气、时间、距离等
六、考查和one,ones,that和those的区别 (2005, 全国Ⅲ) The doctor advised Vesa strongly that she should take a holiday, but __ didn’t help.
A. it B. she C. which D. he
正确答案：A。根据句意：医生的建议未起作用。it代替整个句子。
一、代替整个句子二、表示不确定指代(2004,全国Ⅲ) -Do you like__here?
-Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is nice.
A. this B. these C. that D. It
? 正确答案：D。根据下文，提问者不能确定被问者喜欢什么，it用于不确定指代或模糊指代。
三、考查在性别不明时指人或小孩(2000,上海) Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see__.
A. who is he B. who he is
C. who is it D. who it is
正确答案：D。说话时，不知道对方的性别。注意在宾语从句中需用陈述语序。

? The child smiled when it saw its mother.
小孩见到母亲就笑了。
四、指代上文或者下文出现的物或事 (2007, 全国Ⅰ)–Have you heard the latest news?
–No, what __?
A. is it B. is there C. are they D. are those
正确答案：A。it指代上文提及的latest news。

(2006,全国Ⅰ) If I can help __, I don’t like working late into the night.
A. so B. that C. it D. them
正确答案：C。help是“阻止、避免”的意思，it指代下文的事情。 五、指天气、时间、距离等 1. (2002,北京) -He was nearly drowned once.
-When was _?
-__ was in 1998 when he was in Middle School.
A. that, It B. this, This C. this, It D. that, This
正确答案：A。it指时间。
2. It was fine yesterday.
昨天天气好。(it指天气)
3. It’s one hundred meters from my home to the school.
我家离学校一百米。 (it指距离)六、考查和one,ones,that,those的区别 It特指上文提及的名词，而one, ones, that, those只可以指代前面名词的名称，不可以指代前面的名词。使用one和ones时后面没有介词短语做后置定语；使用that 和those后面通常有介词短语做定语。that可与the one互换，those可以与the ones互换。例如： (2005，浙江) We’ve been looking at the houses but haven’t found __ we like yet.
A. one B. ones C. it D.them
正确答案：A。表示任意一幢房子。（2005，江苏）I’m moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than __ in the city.
A. ones B. one C. that D. those
正确答案：C。分析语境和逻辑关系可以知道：该空指代the air，且有in the city后置定语修饰。考查it做形式主语 主要用于以下结构 ：
一、 It + be + adj./n./done + clause
二、 It + be + adj. of/for sb to do sth
三、 It’s no use/good doing sth
一、It + be + adj./n./done + that… 　 在此结构中，若done为required，suggested，demanded，recommended等时，从句必须用should + 动词原形，should可以省略。 高考真题(2004,北京) The Foreign Minister said, “__ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.
A、This is B、There is
C、That is D、It is
正确答案：D。 由句意易知：that从句是真正的主语，it为形式主语。
?
(2005,上海)____in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.
A. What is required B. What requires
C. It is required D. It requires
正确答案：C 。it为形式主语，在此结构中done为required/suggested/demanded/recommended等时，从句必须用should + 动词原形，且should可以省略。
二、It + be + adj. of/for sb to do sth 此句型重点是考查何时用of何时用for。如果句型中的形容词是用来描述sb的特征（如kind/rude/cruel/polite/right/wrong/foolish/silly/stupid/wise等），则用of，此时句式可以换成sb + be + adj. + to do sth；若句型中形容词是用来描述不定式性质的（如important/necessary/hard/difficult/easy/natural/common等），则用for。例：
高考真题1、(2004,上海春) It was foolish of him to __ his notes during that important test, and as a result, he got punished.
A. stick to B. refer to
C. keep to D. point to
正确答案：B。短语辨析题，refer to有“参考”的意思，符合句意。
2、It’s very important for one to learn a foreign language. 三、It’s no use/good doing sth此句型表示：做……是无用的/不好的
1、(2006,全国Ⅱ) It is no __ arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.
A. use B. help C. time D. way
分析：正确答案：A。为固定结构。
2、It’s no good trying to open the box.
考查it做形式宾语 　主要用于以下三个结构 ：
一、考查sb think/find/consider/make it + adj./n./doing+ to do/clause
二、考查sb like/love/enjoy/hate/appreciate it +when/if…
三、考查 sb depend(rely) on it/see to it/take it for granted that…等结构
一、sb think/find/consider/make it + adj./n./doing+ to do/clause (2007,天津)He didn’t make __ clear when and where the meeting would be held.
A. this B. that C. it D. these
正确答案：C。it为形式宾语，clear后的从句为真正的宾语。 (2006,湖南)As the busiest woman in Norton, she made __ her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town.
A. this B. that C. one D. it
正确答案：D。真正宾语为不定式。 (2005,江苏)–Don’t you think it necessary that he __ to Miami but to New York?
– I agree, but the problem is __ he has refused to.
will not be sent; that
not be sent; that
C. should not be sent; what
D. should not send; what
正确答案：B。表示“理应如此”需用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。在做it形式宾语和形式主语的复合句中如果从句表示的是“惊奇、惋惜或者理应如此”等含义时，需用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。二、sb like/love/enjoy/hate/appreciate it +when/if… 在这一结构中，应注意like/love/enjoy/hate/appreciate后不直接跟宾语从句，常用it代替后面句子所表示的意义。 高考真题1、(2004,全国Ⅰ) I like __ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
A、this B、that C、it D、one
正确答案：C。love/enjoy/hate和like的用法相同，后接宾语从句时需用it作形式宾语，宾语从句后置。
2、(2003,上海) I would appreciate it __ you call back this afternoon for the doctor’s appointment.
A、until B、if C、when D、that
正确答案：B。三、考查 sb depend(rely) on it/see to it/take it for granted that…等结构 (1998，上海) Don’t __ that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.
A. take as granted B. take this for granted
C. take that for granted D. take it for granted
正确答案：D。take it for granted that …意为：想当然的认为某事。it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为that从句。另外我们也应该注意：depend(rely) on it（相信某事）和see to it（负责某事）的用法。 You may relay on it that he will come here on time.
你要相信他会准时到的。
I’ll see to it that all is ready.
我会负责把一切都准备好的。考查it的强调句型一、考查强调句型的一般式
二、强调句型的一般疑问句式
三、考查强调句型的特殊疑问句形式.
四、考查和 not until 连用
五、考查it强调句型的省略形式.
六、考查和定语从句连用
七、考查和状语从句连用
八、考查和名词性从句连用
九、强调句型中be的改变一、强调句型的一般式 被强调部分是除谓语动词以外的主语、宾语、表语和状语等，只有强调部分为人时，才可以用who。例如：
(2008,全国Ⅱ) It was in New Zealand __ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.
A. that B. how C. which D. when
正确答案：A。将it was去掉句子结构完整，易知是考查it的强调句型。 (2004,福建) It was with great joy __ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.
A. because B. which C. since D. that
正确答案：D。 二、一般疑问句式 即it强调句型的一般疑问句形式：Is/Was it + 被强调部分+that/who…例如：
1. (1997,全国) Was it __ that I saw last night at the concert?
A. you B. not you C. yourself D. that yourself
正确答案：A。强调句型的一般疑问式的基本结构为：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that…将该句恢复为陈述语序，去掉It is/was…that结构，易判断是强调you的强调句型。
2. Is __student __was caught smoking in the classroom?
A. it that, that B. that it, it
C. it it, that D. it which, that
正确答案：A。 三、特殊疑问句式 IT强调句型的特殊疑问句形式：wh-+is/was it that+其它部分。例如：
1. (2004,上海) Why! I have nothing to confess. __ you want me to say?
A. What is it that B. What it is that
C. How is it that D. How it is that
正确答案：A。强调句型的特殊疑问式的基本结构为：wh- +is/was it that +其它成分，故选B。
2. (2005,山东)-__ that he managed to get the information?
-Oh, a friend of his helped him.
A. Where was it 　B. What was it
C. How was it 　D. Why was it
正确答案：C。 四、和not until连用 这是not until的强调形式。需要注意的是：在此句型中主句不再用部分倒装。 高考真题1. (2007,浙江) It __ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks __ I found we had a lot in common.
A. was; when B. was that; that
C. wasn’t until; when D. wasn’t until; that
正确答案：D。易判断这是考查not until的强调形式。
2. (2008，重庆) It was not until midnight __ they reached the camp site.
A. that B. when C. while D. as
正确答案：A。
五、考查it强调句型的省略形式 注意在此考点中被强调部分一般为时间状语、地点状语 或主语。(1). (2007,山东)–Where did you get to know her?
–It was on the farm _we worked.
A. that B. there C. which D. where
正确答案：D。答句完整形式应为：It was on the farm where we worked that I got to know her.
2. -Who made such a stupid mistake?
-__Tom.
A. It was B. He was C. That was D. There was
正确答案：A。答句完整形式应为：It was Tom who made such a stupid mistake.
六、考查和定语从句连用 It was the university __ he was teaching __ sent him to America.
A. which; that B. where; that
C. that; which D. that; had
正确答案：B。本题是考查：it was +university + 引导的定语从句+ that…。 七、和状语从句连用 (2006,辽宁) It was after he got what he had desired __ he realized it was not so important.
A. that B. when C. since D. as
正确答案：A。本题是考查强调句型和状语从句连用。
八、和名词性从句连用 (2007,陕西) It is not who is right but what is right __ is of importance.
A. which B. it C. that D. this
正确答案：C。本题是考查强调句型和名词性从句连用。九、强调句型中be的改变，一般都是变为相关情态动词 It might have been Tom __ bought John a new pen yesterday.
A. what B. since C. that D. then
正确答案：C。去掉It might have been…that句子仍然是完整的，所以选C。 考查it的几个经典句型一、考查It be + 时间 + before …
二、考查It be + 时间 + since …
三、考查It’s (high)time that…
四、考查It’s up to sb to do sth
五、考查It happens/appears/seems that …
六、考查It + be the first/second time that…
七、考查It takes sth. to do sth. Else
八、考查It is no wonder that …
一、It be + 时间 + before … 此句型表示：过了一段时间,才……否定表示：没多久,就…… 1、(2008, 北京) I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long, but it’ll still be some time __ Brian gets back.
A. before B. since C. till D. after
正确答案：A。It be + 时间 + before …表示过了一段时间才……
2. (2006,福建) –How long do you think it will be __ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon?
-Perhaps two or three years.
A. when B. until C. that D. before
正确答案：D
3、It was not long before he left.
没多久他就离开了。
二、It be + 时间 + since … 　　在此句型中若从句中谓语动词为短暂性动词，则句型意为：自从（短暂性动词表示的动作开始）以来，已经……时间了；若从句中谓语动词为延续性动词，则句意为：自从（延续性动词表示的动作结束）以来，已经……时间了。 1、(2005,安徽) That was really a splendid evening. It’s years __ I enjoyed myself so much.
A. when B. that C. before D. since
正确答案：D。
2、(2006,四川) –It’s thirty years since we last met.
-But I still remember the story, believe it or not, __ we got lost on a rainy night.
A. which B. that C. what D. when
正确答案：B。 易判断本题是考查同位语从句。
三、考查It’s (high)time that…　 此句型表示：该是……的时候了，that可以省去。使用该句型时，that从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时，也可以用should+动词原形，但是should 不可以省略。 (2006,重庆) Isn’t it time you got down to __ the papers?
mark B. be marked
C. being marked D. marking
正确答案：D。got down to是“开始从事”的意思，to不是不定式符号，而是介词后跟名词或者-ing形式。四、考查It’s up to sb to do sth　 此句型意为：由某人决定做某事。在此句型中，口语中常用It’s (all) up to you或up to you表示“由你决定”。 高考真题 1、(2005,安徽) -Shall we go to the art exhibition right away?
-__.
A. It’s your opinion B. I don’t mind
C. It’ all up to you D. That’s your decision
2、It’s up to you to decide where to go.
由你来决定我们去哪里。
五、考查It happens/appears/seems that … 此句型意为：碰巧……好象……似乎……
It happened that I was watching TV when he came to see me.
他来看我时碰巧我在看电视。
It appeared that the little girl would probably never walk.
这个小女孩似乎不可能会走了。
It seems that he is always true.
似乎他总是正确的。
六、考查It + be the first/second time that… 　 此句型表示：是某人第几次做……当主句be用is时，从句谓语动词用现在完成时；当主句be用was时，从句谓语动词用过去完成时。it也可以用this或that；另外句中that也可以省略。例句It (This) is the second time (that) he has come to visit the city.
这是他第二次来这座城市。
It (That) was the first time (that) I had visited the Great Wall.
　那是我第一次参观长城。 七、考查It takes sth. to do sth. else此句型意为：做某事需要……例如：
It will take two more hours to finish the work.
完成这项工作还需要两个小时。
It take two to make a quarrel.
一个巴掌拍不响。
八、It is no wonder that … 本句型意为：难怪，不足为奇。例如：

He is so diligent that it is no wonder that he is always getting a high remark.
他勤勤恳恳，所以经常得到很高的评价是不足为奇的。
六、在一些固定用法中考查常见的固定用法有:
make it 成功，安排在或定在某时间
forget it 别提了，忘了它吧
Don’t mention it 别提了，表示不用谢
It doesn’t matter 没关系
It(That) depends 视情况而定
You guessed it 你猜着了
It’s hard to say 很难说 1、(2006,湖北) –You know who came yesterday?
-Yao Ming? We had s basketball match.
-__ He came and watched the game.
A. You guessed it! B. How did you know that?
C. Well done! D. That was good news!
正确答案：A。由具体语境易做出正确选择。
2. (2008,天津) –How much do I own you for lunch?
-__. It’s nothing.
A. You’re welcome B. Forget it
C. With pleasure D. That’s all right
正确答案：B 。Practice 1. The boy became fatter and fatter each day and ＿made his parents sad. A.which B.what C.he D.it
2. In fact, ＿is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. A.this B.that C.there D.it
DD 3. Does＿matter whether he can finish the job on time? A.this B.that C.he D.it

4. ＿used to be thought that the earth was square.
A.He B.What C.It D.That
DC5. I took ＿for granted that he would believe in us.A.that B.the thing C.it D.this
6.＿＿four years since I joined the army.A.There was B.There is C.It was D.It isCD 7. Our classroom is very clean. Do you know who＿cleaned it?
A.was it that B.it was that
C.was it who D.he was

8. It’s the third time ＿arrived here this month.
A.that you B.when you
C.that you’ve D.when you’ve
BC? 9. -Few children are as bright as he is, and also, he works very hard. -It’s no ＿＿that he always gets the first place in any examination.
A. question B. doubt C. problem D. wonder
10. ＿the people have become the master of their own country＿science can really serve the people.
A.It is only then, that? B.It was that, when
C.It is only when,that D.It was when, then
DCSummary Today we mainly revised how to use “it” by doing some college entrance examination questions. Meanwhile, we also did some exercises to consolidate what we have learned today. I hope through this all of you can have a better and deeper understanding of “it”. Homework1、Review what we learned today.
2、Try to use them in your daily life.

Thanks for Your Listening!