unit 1 nothing ventrued-nothing gained教案
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Unit 1 Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained
第一课时Warming Up
Do you know “不入虎穴，焉得虎子” in Chinese
How can we say the same meaning in English
Nothing brave, nothing have.
Nothing seek, nothing find.
Nothing stake, nothing draw.
Nothing venture, nothing win (or have or gain).
Nothing crave, nothing have.
Sow nothing, reap nothing.
He who risks nothing, gains nothing.
He who risks nothing gains nothing.
If you venture nothing, you will have nothing.
Tasks:
Read and listen to the three stories on P1. And try to think out the characters they have in common. What do you think helped them out and achieved success in life
King Bruce is watching the spider weaving its web.
Robert Bruce, leader of the Scots in the 13th century, was hiding in a hole on a hill from the English. He watched a spider (蜘蛛) making a web. Bruce is said to have got confidence from this and to have gone on to beat the English.
Anne Sullivan is teaching Helen Keller by feeling or touching.
Helen Keller, born a normal little girl, but at the age of 19 months became iii and lost her hearing and her sight. She and her family was in despair until they met Anne Sullivan. Her work with Helen was very successful. After college, Helen gave lecture tours speaking about her experiences and her beliefs. They worked very hard to raise money, to encourage people to educate blind and deaf children.
Gou Jian is sleeping on brushwood and tasting gall.
Gou Jian was the ruler of the kingdom of Yue, conquered by the neighboring kingdom of Wu. He was made a slave and suff-ered many hardships. But his tolerance earned the trust of the King of Wu and eventually he was set free. But he never forgot his suffering, slept on firewood and straw every night, and tasted bitter gall-bladder until his kingdom was strong enough and he attacked the King of Wu and killed him.
Something in common:
make up one’s mind,
be determined to do sth,
persevere with,
stick at, persist in,
not give up, not be discouraged by,
keep going, keep trying, keep positive, etc.
Positive adj.
patient,
resilient, persevering, resourceful, focused,
serious, determined, strong-willed
Negative adj.
obstinate, stubborn,
pig-headed
Discussion
1. What conclusion can we draw from the three stories
2. By what did they achieve their success
3. How do you regard the behaviour of Gou Jian
4. What can we learn from them
Reading comprehension
The “spider-story” is often told as an example of this. Robert Bruce, leader of the Scots in the 13th century, was hiding in a hole on a hill from the English. He watched a spider (蜘蛛) making a web. Bruce is said to have got confidence from this and to have gone on to beat the English. Edison, too, the inventor of the light bulb (电灯泡), made hundreds of models that failed before he found the right way to make one.
So what First, always think about your failure. What caused it Were you in high spirit then What can you change so that things will go right the next time
Second, is the goal (目标) you are trying to reach the right one Try to do some thinking about what your real goals may be. Think about this question: “If I am successful in this, where will it get me ” This may help to prevent failure in the things you shouldn’t be doing anyway.
The third thing to remember about failure is that it’s a part of life. Learn to “live with yourself” even though you may have failed. Remember, “You can’t win them all.”
1. Robert Bruce was mentioned in the passage to show that______.
A. people who fail are not lonely
B. animals can help people sometimes
C. nature will help us if we are hard-working
D. confidence is important for one to be successful
2. Edison’s example shows us that______.
A. he liked to do other kinds of work
B. he invented many kinds of light bulbs
C. failure may be a way towards success
D. he was a man of many important inventions
3. If you are not sure about what success will get you, you’d better .
A. change your goal
B. go on with your goal C. not care for that
D. work even harder on your goal
4. It can be learned from the passage that .
A. one should try not to fail
B. one’s failure is another’s success
C. one should take failure seriously
D. one should learn lessons from failure
5. This passage is mainly about .
A. two great men B. two sides of failure
C. the right attitude (态度) towards failure
D. ways to keep away from failure
Keys: DCBAC
HOMEWORK
1. Learn the new words and expressions of this unit.
2. Preview Reading part
Unit 1
Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained
第二课时READING
A Successful Failure
Lead in
Have you ever had a hardest experience or faced a greatest challenge
What is it
How did you go through it
What lessons have you learned from it
venture
seasickness
Scottish
suffering
strengthen
endurance
hut
stove
unbearable
cosy
breathless
Circumstance
blacken
rotten
blast
hoarse
bless
selfish
hook
aboard
web
anyhow
冒险
晕船
苏格兰的
痛苦,艰难
力量
忍受,持久
小屋
火炉
不能承受的
舒适的
呼吸困难的
情况
变黑
腐烂的
一阵风
嘶哑的
保佑
自私的
钓钩,上钩
到/在船上
网格
不管怎样
steward
crush
mourn
urgent
bedding
vital
cheerful
faith
rank
morale
select
persevere
perseverance
framework
booming
swear
advocate
block out
give way to
give off
管事,服务员
破碎,压破
哀悼,惋惜
紧急
卧具
生命的
欢乐的
信仰
等级
道德
精选
坚持
框架
咆哮的
发誓
提倡
遮盖
退出;屈服
发生;释放
Try to skim through the passage and get the main plot of the story.
The main plot of the story
This is the true story of one young man, Perce Blackborow, who hid aboard the ship that took Ernest Shackleton's expedition to the South Pole. He was accepted by him, once he was found, and became a steward and cook for the rest of the expedition.
When the ship was crushed by ice, Perce was one of those left behind on Elephant Island to wait for rescue. Shackleton and a few others set out through very dangerous seas to South Georgia Island to get help so that they could all be saved.
The conditions for those left on Elephant Island were very bad. They had little food, other than penguin or seal, problems keep-ing warm, problems melting the ice for water and protecting their fingers and toes from frostbite. Perce had to have his toes removed because they bad become affected by the cold.
Nevertheless the small group remained loyal to their captain's instructions: to remain cheerful and optimistic despite all difficulties. Above all they worked to stay alive till Shackleton returned to rescue them.
Answer some questions:
1. Where is the reading passage set
2. Why is the title of the passage “A successful failure” Was the expedition a failure Was it a success
3. Who does Perce admire and why
Words and expressions explained
1 ... almost blocking out the memories of happier times.
The expression to block out here is used in an idiomatic way. The verb literally means to stop light reaching a place but it is used in this context to mean to stop remembering things.
2 Just as I am about to become self-pitying, the door to our shelter opens and a blast of cold air tears through the hut.
This is a compound word that means to feel sorry for oneself and in the story Perce is about to feel very sorry for himself because of the desperate situation they are in.
3 I believe Shackleton must have mourned this unexpected end to his expedition, but he did not waste time on regrets.
To mourn for someone or something means that you are very sad that a person has died or a thing has ended.
Ideas understood
1. Why were Perce and his colleagues left on Elephant Island
2. Why did Perce not apply for the expedition like everyone else
3. Why is he unable to think of happier times as he lies inside his sleeping bag
4. What are his problems
5. Do you think he has a sensible approach to his situation Why
Discussion of ideas
1. Which is more valuable: a man's life or visiting a previously unvisited spot
2. What precautions should have been taken before the expedition in case of emergency
3. Do you think Perce and his companions had any alternative to eating seals and penguins What would you have done
4. Are there any circumstances under which you would eat seals or penguins Give your reasons.
Choose the correct answer to each question.
1. Why did Blackborow think that being "young, fit and energetic" would encourage Shackleton to take him on the trip
A Shackleton liked young people who were fit and energetic.
B It would be cold and Shackleton would need young, energetic people to do difficult jobs
C Shackleton wanted people who were fit but not trained in useful skills.
D Blackborow would not have gone unless he was young and energetic.
2. Why did Shackleton accept Perce when he found him hiding in the ship after the voyage had started
A He didn't have time to turn round and take him back to England.
B He admired his courage and encouraged him to stay.
C He felt angry but could not show it so he accepted the boy.
D He made the best of the situation.
3. Why did Shackleton not show how disappointed he was when the ship sank
A He thought he could always organize another expedition.
B He knew it would be easier to cross Antarctica without the ship.
C He felt the men would need encouraging after this disaster.
D He had already taken all necessary supplies from the ship.
When the ship sank, Shackleton encouraged each sailor to collect three personal things (camera, banjo, diary, family album, etc) to take with him. Try to make a dialogue between Shackleton and three of his men about what to leave, what to take and why.
What Sailor 1 keep any why What Sailor 2 keep any why What Sailor 3 keep any why
123 123 123
Hints:
….want to take something to read
… take my "gameboy" with me to play with.
… need a battery … cannot buy batteries at the South Pole!
… choose a pack of cards… play with that.
… take my diary… write about how it feels and what happens to us every day
… taking a bar of soap … try and keep clean…
those are good choices and reasons.
What qualities do you think Shackleton and Perce show Find some examples to support your ideas.
Name Qualities Examples
Shackleton 1Perseverance,unselfishness,calmness2 Concern and responsibility for others
Blackborrow 1determined,adventurous2 Cheerful, hard-working
Shackleton:
never gave way to disappointment with ship sank and expedition failed;
was always honest with his men;
no differences in rank or in social status;
a fair division of food as well as work
planned a rescue plan as soon as the ship sank
Blackborrow:
when he thought he could not go he did aboard the ship;
served 28 meals three times a day despite problems with food
HOMEWORK
1. Review the passage and do some exercises on Workbook.
2. Try to grasp the words and expressions in the passage.
Unit 1
Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained
第三课时Listening
I. Listen to the tape on page 7.
Listening material
THE RESCUE
1 Read these questions and listen to the tape for the first time.
Why did Shackleton have to attempt the journey to South Georgia
There were two reasons: he felt his men were too weak to last very long without rescue; no ships passed that way. So Shackleton knew he would have to go for help himself.
Do you think there was any alternative
2 Listen to the tape again. Write down the problems that Shackleton faced on the rescue attempt and how he overcame them.
Shackleton’s problem How he overcame them
1 To make sure that the group left behind had the best chance of survival
2 How to arrive safely on South Georgia the navigator
3 He arrived on the wrong side of South Georgia.
1 The choice of his party: He took the best navigator and the most difficult crew members so that he left the optimistic and most co-operative people behind.
2 The quality of the navigation: Despite terrible seas checked the ship's position only three .times but managed to arrive safely.
3 The perseverance of the party: They crossed the mountains sometimes sliding on their bottoms and arrived safely.
ll. Listen to the tape on page 51 on Workbook.
LISTENING TEXT
WHERE DID HUMANS COME FROM
Ex,1. Questions before listening:
1.What theories on the origin of species existed before Darwin's idea
2.What is Darwin's idea
3.What was the public reaction to his idea
4.Does everyone believe in his idea now
5.What do you think of his idea
Ex. 3 Fill in the information in the chart.
Old theory New theory
Who made the different animals and plants God The theory of evolution that animals developed from earlier species
How do you know From the Bible By collecting evidence
How long did it take Six days Millions of years
Where did people come from God made them. Developed from monkeys
Ex. 4 Answer these questions
1 What made Charles Darwin change his mind and explain his new theory
1 After twenty years Charles Darwin changed his mind and explained his new theory because another biologist also had the same idea. The two of them worked together.
2 What was the public reaction to his book The Origin of Species
2 The public reaction to the new theory was very fierce. (Everybody was forced to take sides in the debate between the biologists and the Christian Church. Even the Prime Minister of the day, Benjamin Disraeli, was asked his opinion. He said "Is man an ape or an angel Now I am on the side of the angels.")
3 Who did he upset Why did he upset them
3 He particularly upset all the followers of the Christian church who believed that the Bible came directly from God and therefore every word must be true.
4 How did he handle the criticism
4 He handled the criticism with tact and patience.
Unit 1
Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained
第四课时LEARDING ABOUT LANGUAGE
Ex 1, p 5
April 16th, 1916
Moving to Elephant Island was a dangerous under-taking, but it was not our first. We had __________ onto the ice to make camp when the Endurance was stuck. The ice constantly broke up at night because of the warmth of our bodies and we often dropped into the freezing water while sleeping. Though we were in an __________ situation, we tried to make our daily life___________ with singing and making fun of each other. Our______________ improved when we saw the solid land of Elephant Island appear on the horizon. Shackleton gave us no time to ___________ the failure of our expedition. He encouraged us all with advice to prevent ___________ . Without his___________ that we would indeed survive, we might all___________ to despair. ___________ we prepared to follow his advice and on this day climbed into the three small open boats ready for the journey.
EX. 2, p 6
Gou Jian, King of Yue, was captured by his enemy, Fu Chai, the King of Wu. His __________ lasted for three__________ years, which to him seemed like a lifetime. One day the King of Wu fell ill. After tasting the King‘s stool(大便), Gou Jian announced that Fu Chai would soon_______. Fu Chai was moved by his act and he let him return to Yue.
Remembering how ____________ his life as a slave had been, Gou Jian took no interest in ___________ and continued to live in the same way as he did in Wu. He wanted to___________ his lost land. But he also knew it was _________ to___________ the chance with care. So first he introduced the King of Wu to a beauty called Xi Shi. While Fu Chai was trying to entertain Xi Shi, Gou Jian attacked and defeated him.
Ex. 3, p 6, creating a word web of adjectives to describe peoples’ characters
Useful structures--attributes: Ex. 1, p 6
warm and dry clothes,
a cosy bedroom,
sunny days,
my mother’s face and
tire celebration we will
get when we return
….
Ex. 2, p 7
freezing
who liked to visit sites of historic places
landing
where they had struggled to land
soft-eyed
which looked grey and forbidding
that surrounded the camp on two sides
unfair coldest, most unfriendly
to eat of men
like a baby rescue
Ex. 3, p 7
A Tile tall girl who had long, black hair carried a large handbag.
B The girl carrying an empty handbag did not look rich enough to buy a necklace.
C Her green coat was too thin for the cold weather.
D The girl wearing glasses looked carefully round the shop.
E She looked at the necklace given by the assistant.
F The assistant turned back and the necklace that had been on the counter was gone.
G The girl who left the shop in a hurry said she must catch a train.
Workbook, p 52, Ex 1
Odysseus is a literary figure in the Odyssey written by Homer. He rejected the______ life of a Greek king and made a ___________to help another Greek leader, Menelaus, get his wife back. But the war dragged on and on and he was away from his family for ten years. During this time the fortunes of the war were so__________ that no one could predict who would win. Odysseus became tired of the war and the __________ in Troy. He __________ wanted to return home, so when the Greek kings had their __________ weekly meet-ing he suggested that they __________an opportunity to trick the Trojans.
The Greeks built a giant wooden horse so that men could hide inside it. The Greeks then pretended to leave __________ their ships as if they were __________ by the length of the war. The Trojans__________ their Gods for their good fortune and prepared to celebrate.
That night the men climbed out of the horse and opened
the city gates to the Greek army. The Trojans awoke to the _______ of their warn- ing bell announcing a Greek victory. So the war ended but the ____________ of the Trojan people was only just beginning.
Ex 2 Find the words in the text that have these meanings.
Definition Word Meaning
1 A to show fondness for someoneB to make something holy
2 A the quality of being very carefulB an official warning
3 A continuously movingB full of energy and new ideasC a force or power that causes movement
EX 3 Translate these sentences into English, using the words in brackets.
1 我建议你做出这个决定，因为这是合法的。(advocate)
I would advocate that you make this decision because it is legal.
2 在电影放映过程中他感到极端无聊，因为那部电影是那么愚蠢可笑。(bored)
He was extremely bored during the film show because it was so silly.
3 那块肉散发出一股臭味，因为它变质了。(give off)
That meat is giving off a bad smell because it is bad / rotten.
4 她是一位值得尊敬的人，她总是把别人的需求放在第一位。(admirable)
She is an admirable person who always puts other people's needs first.
5 如果你说那件事是真的，你得发誓保证你是在说实话。(swear)
If you say it is true, you must swear you are telling the truth.
Ex 4 Replace the underlined phrases with words similar in meaning from this unit.
1 My failure in that exam was so painful that I stopped myself from remembering it until many years later when I could consider it more rationally.
2 This is an ancient kind of camp fire for cooking.
3 That kind of behaviour is not considerate and makes me feel upset.
4 The water in my bath is extremely cold so it is uncomfortable for me to get into it.
Listing structures workbook p 54
1 Underline the attributes.
2 Join these sentences together into one
1 Toad had many accidents in cars. They were caused by his careless driving.
2 The girl is called Mary. She is going to play the piano in the concert.
A
B
3 He was sent to a prison. It was well-designed to prevent escapes.
4 The thief stole a painting. He sold it to a foreign artist.
5 She has got the license. She can drive now.
Unit 1
Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained
第五课时Talking
Workbook, p 51
Now you are expected to tell a story using one of these four pictures. In your plan you should include three parts:
The beginning should include the names and relationship of all the characters. It should also explain where the story starts and what the problem is. The middle should set out the ways in which the main character deals with ail tile problems that he / she meets. The end resolves the situations and ensures a happy end to the story.
After planning the story but before telling it students can make a collection of useful and powerful verbs that are alternatives for more ordinary over-used ones.
Below are some alternatives:
Instead of "said" Instead of "went" Instead of "felt unhappy"
shouted answered
replied whispered
asked called
mentioned
suggested
skipped ran
walked cycled
hurried jumped
wandered
climbed
scared terrified
frightened sad
worried
concerned
felt bored / lonely
IT'S NOW OR NEVER!
Sam was very tired but he could see the top of the mountain ahead. It had been two days since they began the climb to the top. At first he had felt excited and full of anticipation at the thought of climbing such a high mountain but now he just felt tired and weary. He was in his sixties. He wanted to stop climbing, he down and go to sleep. As he staggered slowly at the back of the group he heard his brother, Fred, calling to him.
"It's not far now! Come on, Sam. You don't want to come so far and not succeed. What will you tell your grand- children " Sam smiled and lifted his head. The top of the mountain appeared closer now. Perhaps he could make it if he only kept going. It was now or never to the top!
WILL SHE ARRIVE IN TIME
Meimei put down the telephone, picked up her bag and rushed down the street. She had to get the afternoon bus to go and see her mother. It was terrible news to hear that her mother was so ill again. As she rushed towards the bus stop she could see the people picking up their bags. That must mean that the bus was coming. Meimei took her wallet from her bag. She stood there help-lessly as she saw there was no money in her wallet. She was not going to get there in time and she would miss her mother who was eager to see her Meimei began to cry as the bus started and moved away towards the city.
What was she going to do Just then a motorbike drew up beside hen It was her neighbour, Wang Yi. "What's the matter, Melmei " she tusked. When Meimei told her, Wang Yi moved fast. "Get on," she said. "FII take you home." They drove fast along the road, passing the bus as it slowly climbed up the hill and arrived at her home ahead of it. "How can I ever thank you " whispered Meimei gratefully. "It's my pleasure," said Wang Yi. "Give lny love to your mother and tell her that 1 hope I'll have a wonderful daughter like you one day." Maimei smiled for the first time that afternoon. "I certainly will," she said. "I shall be in plenty of time now."
HOMEWORK
Unit 1
Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained
第六课时Speaking
Students’ book, p 8, Ex 3
Imagine that you have been asked by Shackleton to choose two sailors for his rescue team from the list below. Discuss who you think are the most suitable.
Who should join the rescue team
Name skills Qualities
These expressions may help you.
I'm not sure that ....
He is unable to ....
It's clear that ....
I think ..,
is better because ....
There's no doubt that ....
I hate to have to say this but ....
It's hard to say.
I don't mind if ....
Which qualities do you think ...
What do you mean ..,
Reading and Writing
Optimism helped us persevere
1 Answer these questions after reading the passage.
1 What kind of problems did the men have to face on Elephant Island
1. They had to face two kinds of problems: one was psychological and the other physical. The psychological one was to stay cheerful and not give way to despair. The physical problem was to stay fit despite a diet consisting only of meat. This meant that there were not enough vitamins or minerals and the food was the same day after day.
2 What do you think was their greatest worry How do you think they overcame this difficulty
2. I think their greatest worry was not being rescued. They dealt with this by remaining cheerful, having musical evenings singing to the banjo and holding celebrations.
3 What did Shackleton encourage them to have celebrations How do you think the celebrations helped
3. Celebrations give people something to look forward to, create good relationships between the people who are celebrating and make everyone feel more cheerful. That is why Shackleton encouraged them.
Writing
Homework
2 Write a review of Perce Blackborow's story for a newspaper. In a review you should:
Unit 1
Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained
第七课时READING TASK
Workbook, p 55
A Good Master Remembered
Read the passage and discuss the questions:
1 In what ways does the servant admire Beethoven
1 He admires his persistence in composing and the way be included his feelings about his deafness into his music.
2 Give two examples of how Beethoven's deafness affected him.
2 Beethoven's deafness affected him personally because he had to stop being a concert pianist and concentrate on composing music. It affected him musically because he was able to use his emotions in his music and write even greater music.
3 What might Beethoven have done if he had net gone deaf
3 If he had not gone deaf. Beethoven would still have been famous as a great pianist.
4 What would you concentrate on if you were to go deaf
5 His moods were changeable and could grow wild and angry. He sometimes appeared like a wild man. In addition he was often so involved in his music that he forgot to brush his hair or wear appropriate clothes.
5 Many people were frightened when they first met Beethoven. Why
Listening Task
Workbook, p 56
1 Read these phrases before listening to the tape for the first time. Tick them if you hear them mentioned.
_______Fifth Symphony, First Movement _______"Choral" Symphony
_______Ninth Symphony
_______"Pastoral" Symphony
_______"Fate" Symphony
_______Sunlight Sonata
_______Moonlight Sonata
_______Fifth Symphony, Third Movement
2 Listen a second time and fill in the chart.
Symphony number Nickname What it is about
Listening material: HOW BEETHOVEN USED HIS DEAFNESS TO MAKE GREAT MUSIC
SPEAKING TASK
Many people think that Beethoven was always a genius. Other people think he would never have been such a great composer but for his deafness.
Step 1: In pairs discuss:
whether you think a genius is born or is
made by circumstances;
whether you think adversity makes one
wise or not.
Step 2: Have a class debate. Use the ideas and examples you have connected to help you with your arguments.
Beethoven's life
Born: 1770 Died:1827
Career:
1795: already an important pianist, teacher
of music, composer, and giver of concerts
1798: deafness began to interfere
1802: concentrated only on composing
1817: totally deaf
1823: last symphony composed
Sample discussion
WRITING TASK
Write a newspaper article putting forward your point of view about Beethoven. Remember to:
* begin by describing your idea of a genius;
* collect your ideas about whether Beethoven fits this description or whether he became a genius as a response to disaster in his life. Make each idea a new paragraph and set out a reason for each;
* finish by repeating what you said in the first paragraph. Make it clear whether you believe Beethoven showed perseverance to become a genius in the face of terrible difficulties or whether he was a born genius.
Some useful words and expressions
Describing the effect of deafness Describing the effect of composing
Sample writing
WHAT MAKES BEETHOVEN A GENIUS
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Unit 1 Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained
第一课时Warming Up
Do you know “不入虎穴，焉得虎子” in Chinese
How can we say the same meaning in English
Nothing brave, nothing have.
Nothing seek, nothing find.
Nothing stake, nothing draw.
Nothing venture, nothing win (or have or gain).
Nothing crave, nothing have.
Sow nothing, reap nothing.
He who risks nothing, gains nothing.
He who risks nothing gains nothing.
If you venture nothing, you will have nothing.
Tasks:
Read and listen to the three stories on P1. And try to think out the characters they have in common. What do you think helped them out and achieved success in life
King Bruce is watching the spider weaving its web.
Robert Bruce, leader of the Scots in the 13th century, was hiding in a hole on a hill from the English. He watched a spider (蜘蛛) making a web. Bruce is said to have got confidence from this and to have gone on to beat the English.
Anne Sullivan is teaching Helen Keller by feeling or touching.
Helen Keller, born a normal little girl, but at the age of 19 months became iii and lost her hearing and her sight. She and her family was in despair until they met Anne Sullivan. Her work with Helen was very successful. After college, Helen gave lecture tours speaking about her experiences and her beliefs. They worked very hard to raise money, to encourage people to educate blind and deaf children.
Gou Jian is sleeping on brushwood and tasting gall.
Gou Jian was the ruler of the kingdom of Yue, conquered by the neighboring kingdom of Wu. He was made a slave and suff-ered many hardships. But his tolerance earned the trust of the King of Wu and eventually he was set free. But he never forgot his suffering, slept on firewood and straw every night, and tasted bitter gall-bladder until his kingdom was strong enough and he attacked the King of Wu and killed him.
Something in common:
make up one’s mind,
be determined to do sth,
persevere with,
stick at, persist in,
not give up, not be discouraged by,
keep going, keep trying, keep positive, etc.
Positive adj.
patient,
resilient, persevering, resourceful, focused,
serious, determined, strong-willed
Negative adj.
obstinate, stubborn,
pig-headed
Discussion
1. What conclusion can we draw from the three stories
2. By what did they achieve their success
3. How do you regard the behaviour of Gou Jian
4. What can we learn from them
Reading comprehension
The “spider-story” is often told as an example of this. Robert Bruce, leader of the Scots in the 13th century, was hiding in a hole on a hill from the English. He watched a spider (蜘蛛) making a web. Bruce is said to have got confidence from this and to have gone on to beat the English. Edison, too, the inventor of the light bulb (电灯泡), made hundreds of models that failed before he found the right way to make one.
So what First, always think about your failure. What caused it Were you in high spirit then What can you change so that things will go right the next time
Second, is the goal (目标) you are trying to reach the right one Try to do some thinking about what your real goals may be. Think about this question: “If I am successful in this, where will it get me ” This may help to prevent failure in the things you shouldn’t be doing anyway.
The third thing to remember about failure is that it’s a part of life. Learn to “live with yourself” even though you may have failed. Remember, “You can’t win them all.”
1. Robert Bruce was mentioned in the passage to show that______.
A. people who fail are not lonely
B. animals can help people sometimes
C. nature will help us if we are hard-working
D. confidence is important for one to be successful
2. Edison’s example shows us that______.
A. he liked to do other kinds of work
B. he invented many kinds of light bulbs
C. failure may be a way towards success
D. he was a man of many important inventions
3. If you are not sure about what success will get you, you’d better .
A. change your goal
B. go on with your goal C. not care for that
D. work even harder on your goal
4. It can be learned from the passage that .
A. one should try not to fail
B. one’s failure is another’s success
C. one should take failure seriously
D. one should learn lessons from failure
5. This passage is mainly about .
A. two great men B. two sides of failure
C. the right attitude (态度) towards failure
D. ways to keep away from failure
Keys: DCBAC
HOMEWORK
1. Learn the new words and expressions of this unit.
2. Preview Reading part
Unit 1
Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained
第二课时READING
A Successful Failure
Lead in
Have you ever had a hardest experience or faced a greatest challenge
What is it
How did you go through it
What lessons have you learned from it
venture
seasickness
Scottish
suffering
strengthen
endurance
hut
stove
unbearable
cosy
breathless
Circumstance
blacken
rotten
blast
hoarse
bless
selfish
hook
aboard
web
anyhow
冒险
晕船
苏格兰的
痛苦,艰难
力量
忍受,持久
小屋
火炉
不能承受的
舒适的
呼吸困难的
情况
变黑
腐烂的
一阵风
嘶哑的
保佑
自私的
钓钩,上钩
到/在船上
网格
不管怎样
steward
crush
mourn
urgent
bedding
vital
cheerful
faith
rank
morale
select
persevere
perseverance
framework
booming
swear
advocate
block out
give way to
give off
管事,服务员
破碎,压破
哀悼,惋惜
紧急
卧具
生命的
欢乐的
信仰
等级
道德
精选
坚持
框架
咆哮的
发誓
提倡
遮盖
退出;屈服
发生;释放
Try to skim through the passage and get the main plot of the story.
The main plot of the story
This is the true story of one young man, Perce Blackborow, who hid aboard the ship that took Ernest Shackleton's expedition to the South Pole. He was accepted by him, once he was found, and became a steward and cook for the rest of the expedition.
When the ship was crushed by ice, Perce was one of those left behind on Elephant Island to wait for rescue. Shackleton and a few others set out through very dangerous seas to South Georgia Island to get help so that they could all be saved.
The conditions for those left on Elephant Island were very bad. They had little food, other than penguin or seal, problems keep-ing warm, problems melting the ice for water and protecting their fingers and toes from frostbite. Perce had to have his toes removed because they bad become affected by the cold.
Nevertheless the small group remained loyal to their captain's instructions: to remain cheerful and optimistic despite all difficulties. Above all they worked to stay alive till Shackleton returned to rescue them.
Answer some questions:
1. Where is the reading passage set
2. Why is the title of the passage “A successful failure” Was the expedition a failure Was it a success
3. Who does Perce admire and why
Words and expressions explained
1 ... almost blocking out the memories of happier times.
The expression to block out here is used in an idiomatic way. The verb literally means to stop light reaching a place but it is used in this context to mean to stop remembering things.
2 Just as I am about to become self-pitying, the door to our shelter opens and a blast of cold air tears through the hut.
This is a compound word that means to feel sorry for oneself and in the story Perce is about to feel very sorry for himself because of the desperate situation they are in.
3 I believe Shackleton must have mourned this unexpected end to his expedition, but he did not waste time on regrets.
To mourn for someone or something means that you are very sad that a person has died or a thing has ended.
Ideas understood
1. Why were Perce and his colleagues left on Elephant Island
2. Why did Perce not apply for the expedition like everyone else
3. Why is he unable to think of happier times as he lies inside his sleeping bag
4. What are his problems
5. Do you think he has a sensible approach to his situation Why
Discussion of ideas
1. Which is more valuable: a man's life or visiting a previously unvisited spot
2. What precautions should have been taken before the expedition in case of emergency
3. Do you think Perce and his companions had any alternative to eating seals and penguins What would you have done
4. Are there any circumstances under which you would eat seals or penguins Give your reasons.
Choose the correct answer to each question.
1. Why did Blackborow think that being "young, fit and energetic" would encourage Shackleton to take him on the trip
A Shackleton liked young people who were fit and energetic.
B It would be cold and Shackleton would need young, energetic people to do difficult jobs
C Shackleton wanted people who were fit but not trained in useful skills.
D Blackborow would not have gone unless he was young and energetic.
2. Why did Shackleton accept Perce when he found him hiding in the ship after the voyage had started
A He didn't have time to turn round and take him back to England.
B He admired his courage and encouraged him to stay.
C He felt angry but could not show it so he accepted the boy.
D He made the best of the situation.
3. Why did Shackleton not show how disappointed he was when the ship sank
A He thought he could always organize another expedition.
B He knew it would be easier to cross Antarctica without the ship.
C He felt the men would need encouraging after this disaster.
D He had already taken all necessary supplies from the ship.
When the ship sank, Shackleton encouraged each sailor to collect three personal things (camera, banjo, diary, family album, etc) to take with him. Try to make a dialogue between Shackleton and three of his men about what to leave, what to take and why.
What Sailor 1 keep any why What Sailor 2 keep any why What Sailor 3 keep any why
123 123 123
Hints:
….want to take something to read
… take my "gameboy" with me to play with.
… need a battery … cannot buy batteries at the South Pole!
… choose a pack of cards… play with that.
… take my diary… write about how it feels and what happens to us every day
… taking a bar of soap … try and keep clean…
those are good choices and reasons.
What qualities do you think Shackleton and Perce show Find some examples to support your ideas.
Name Qualities Examples
Shackleton 1Perseverance,unselfishness,calmness2 Concern and responsibility for others
Blackborrow 1determined,adventurous2 Cheerful, hard-working
Shackleton:
never gave way to disappointment with ship sank and expedition failed;
was always honest with his men;
no differences in rank or in social status;
a fair division of food as well as work
planned a rescue plan as soon as the ship sank
Blackborrow:
when he thought he could not go he did aboard the ship;
served 28 meals three times a day despite problems with food
HOMEWORK
1. Review the passage and do some exercises on Workbook.
2. Try to grasp the words and expressions in the passage.
Unit 1
Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained
第三课时Listening
I. Listen to the tape on page 7.
Listening material
THE RESCUE
1 Read these questions and listen to the tape for the first time.
Why did Shackleton have to attempt the journey to South Georgia
There were two reasons: he felt his men were too weak to last very long without rescue; no ships passed that way. So Shackleton knew he would have to go for help himself.
Do you think there was any alternative
2 Listen to the tape again. Write down the problems that Shackleton faced on the rescue attempt and how he overcame them.
Shackleton’s problem How he overcame them
1 To make sure that the group left behind had the best chance of survival
2 How to arrive safely on South Georgia the navigator
3 He arrived on the wrong side of South Georgia.
1 The choice of his party: He took the best navigator and the most difficult crew members so that he left the optimistic and most co-operative people behind.
2 The quality of the navigation: Despite terrible seas checked the ship's position only three .times but managed to arrive safely.
3 The perseverance of the party: They crossed the mountains sometimes sliding on their bottoms and arrived safely.
ll. Listen to the tape on page 51 on Workbook.
LISTENING TEXT
WHERE DID HUMANS COME FROM
Ex,1. Questions before listening:
1.What theories on the origin of species existed before Darwin's idea
2.What is Darwin's idea
3.What was the public reaction to his idea
4.Does everyone believe in his idea now
5.What do you think of his idea
Ex. 3 Fill in the information in the chart.
Old theory New theory
Who made the different animals and plants God The theory of evolution that animals developed from earlier species
How do you know From the Bible By collecting evidence
How long did it take Six days Millions of years
Where did people come from God made them. Developed from monkeys
Ex. 4 Answer these questions
1 What made Charles Darwin change his mind and explain his new theory
1 After twenty years Charles Darwin changed his mind and explained his new theory because another biologist also had the same idea. The two of them worked together.
2 What was the public reaction to his book The Origin of Species
2 The public reaction to the new theory was very fierce. (Everybody was forced to take sides in the debate between the biologists and the Christian Church. Even the Prime Minister of the day, Benjamin Disraeli, was asked his opinion. He said "Is man an ape or an angel Now I am on the side of the angels.")
3 Who did he upset Why did he upset them
3 He particularly upset all the followers of the Christian church who believed that the Bible came directly from God and therefore every word must be true.
4 How did he handle the criticism
4 He handled the criticism with tact and patience.
Unit 1
Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained
第四课时LEARDING ABOUT LANGUAGE
Ex 1, p 5
April 16th, 1916
Moving to Elephant Island was a dangerous under-taking, but it was not our first. We had __________ onto the ice to make camp when the Endurance was stuck. The ice constantly broke up at night because of the warmth of our bodies and we often dropped into the freezing water while sleeping. Though we were in an __________ situation, we tried to make our daily life___________ with singing and making fun of each other. Our______________ improved when we saw the solid land of Elephant Island appear on the horizon. Shackleton gave us no time to ___________ the failure of our expedition. He encouraged us all with advice to prevent ___________ . Without his___________ that we would indeed survive, we might all___________ to despair. ___________ we prepared to follow his advice and on this day climbed into the three small open boats ready for the journey.
EX. 2, p 6
Gou Jian, King of Yue, was captured by his enemy, Fu Chai, the King of Wu. His __________ lasted for three__________ years, which to him seemed like a lifetime. One day the King of Wu fell ill. After tasting the King‘s stool(大便), Gou Jian announced that Fu Chai would soon_______. Fu Chai was moved by his act and he let him return to Yue.
Remembering how ____________ his life as a slave had been, Gou Jian took no interest in ___________ and continued to live in the same way as he did in Wu. He wanted to___________ his lost land. But he also knew it was _________ to___________ the chance with care. So first he introduced the King of Wu to a beauty called Xi Shi. While Fu Chai was trying to entertain Xi Shi, Gou Jian attacked and defeated him.
Ex. 3, p 6, creating a word web of adjectives to describe peoples’ characters
Useful structures--attributes: Ex. 1, p 6
warm and dry clothes,
a cosy bedroom,
sunny days,
my mother’s face and
tire celebration we will
get when we return
….
Ex. 2, p 7
freezing
who liked to visit sites of historic places
landing
where they had struggled to land
soft-eyed
which looked grey and forbidding
that surrounded the camp on two sides
unfair coldest, most unfriendly
to eat of men
like a baby rescue
Ex. 3, p 7
A Tile tall girl who had long, black hair carried a large handbag.
B The girl carrying an empty handbag did not look rich enough to buy a necklace.
C Her green coat was too thin for the cold weather.
D The girl wearing glasses looked carefully round the shop.
E She looked at the necklace given by the assistant.
F The assistant turned back and the necklace that had been on the counter was gone.
G The girl who left the shop in a hurry said she must catch a train.
Workbook, p 52, Ex 1
Odysseus is a literary figure in the Odyssey written by Homer. He rejected the______ life of a Greek king and made a ___________to help another Greek leader, Menelaus, get his wife back. But the war dragged on and on and he was away from his family for ten years. During this time the fortunes of the war were so__________ that no one could predict who would win. Odysseus became tired of the war and the __________ in Troy. He __________ wanted to return home, so when the Greek kings had their __________ weekly meet-ing he suggested that they __________an opportunity to trick the Trojans.
The Greeks built a giant wooden horse so that men could hide inside it. The Greeks then pretended to leave __________ their ships as if they were __________ by the length of the war. The Trojans__________ their Gods for their good fortune and prepared to celebrate.
That night the men climbed out of the horse and opened
the city gates to the Greek army. The Trojans awoke to the _______ of their warn- ing bell announcing a Greek victory. So the war ended but the ____________ of the Trojan people was only just beginning.
Ex 2 Find the words in the text that have these meanings.
Definition Word Meaning
1 A to show fondness for someoneB to make something holy
2 A the quality of being very carefulB an official warning
3 A continuously movingB full of energy and new ideasC a force or power that causes movement
EX 3 Translate these sentences into English, using the words in brackets.
1 我建议你做出这个决定，因为这是合法的。(advocate)
I would advocate that you make this decision because it is legal.
2 在电影放映过程中他感到极端无聊，因为那部电影是那么愚蠢可笑。(bored)
He was extremely bored during the film show because it was so silly.
3 那块肉散发出一股臭味，因为它变质了。(give off)
That meat is giving off a bad smell because it is bad / rotten.
4 她是一位值得尊敬的人，她总是把别人的需求放在第一位。(admirable)
She is an admirable person who always puts other people's needs first.
5 如果你说那件事是真的，你得发誓保证你是在说实话。(swear)
If you say it is true, you must swear you are telling the truth.
Ex 4 Replace the underlined phrases with words similar in meaning from this unit.
1 My failure in that exam was so painful that I stopped myself from remembering it until many years later when I could consider it more rationally.
2 This is an ancient kind of camp fire for cooking.
3 That kind of behaviour is not considerate and makes me feel upset.
4 The water in my bath is extremely cold so it is uncomfortable for me to get into it.
Listing structures workbook p 54
1 Underline the attributes.
2 Join these sentences together into one
1 Toad had many accidents in cars. They were caused by his careless driving.
2 The girl is called Mary. She is going to play the piano in the concert.
A
B
3 He was sent to a prison. It was well-designed to prevent escapes.
4 The thief stole a painting. He sold it to a foreign artist.
5 She has got the license. She can drive now.
Unit 1
Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained
第五课时Talking
Workbook, p 51
Now you are expected to tell a story using one of these four pictures. In your plan you should include three parts:
The beginning should include the names and relationship of all the characters. It should also explain where the story starts and what the problem is. The middle should set out the ways in which the main character deals with ail tile problems that he / she meets. The end resolves the situations and ensures a happy end to the story.
After planning the story but before telling it students can make a collection of useful and powerful verbs that are alternatives for more ordinary over-used ones.
Below are some alternatives:
Instead of "said" Instead of "went" Instead of "felt unhappy"
shouted answered
replied whispered
asked called
mentioned
suggested
skipped ran
walked cycled
hurried jumped
wandered
climbed
scared terrified
frightened sad
worried
concerned
felt bored / lonely
IT'S NOW OR NEVER!
Sam was very tired but he could see the top of the mountain ahead. It had been two days since they began the climb to the top. At first he had felt excited and full of anticipation at the thought of climbing such a high mountain but now he just felt tired and weary. He was in his sixties. He wanted to stop climbing, he down and go to sleep. As he staggered slowly at the back of the group he heard his brother, Fred, calling to him.
"It's not far now! Come on, Sam. You don't want to come so far and not succeed. What will you tell your grand- children " Sam smiled and lifted his head. The top of the mountain appeared closer now. Perhaps he could make it if he only kept going. It was now or never to the top!
WILL SHE ARRIVE IN TIME
Meimei put down the telephone, picked up her bag and rushed down the street. She had to get the afternoon bus to go and see her mother. It was terrible news to hear that her mother was so ill again. As she rushed towards the bus stop she could see the people picking up their bags. That must mean that the bus was coming. Meimei took her wallet from her bag. She stood there help-lessly as she saw there was no money in her wallet. She was not going to get there in time and she would miss her mother who was eager to see her Meimei began to cry as the bus started and moved away towards the city.
What was she going to do Just then a motorbike drew up beside hen It was her neighbour, Wang Yi. "What's the matter, Melmei " she tusked. When Meimei told her, Wang Yi moved fast. "Get on," she said. "FII take you home." They drove fast along the road, passing the bus as it slowly climbed up the hill and arrived at her home ahead of it. "How can I ever thank you " whispered Meimei gratefully. "It's my pleasure," said Wang Yi. "Give lny love to your mother and tell her that 1 hope I'll have a wonderful daughter like you one day." Maimei smiled for the first time that afternoon. "I certainly will," she said. "I shall be in plenty of time now."
HOMEWORK
Unit 1
Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained
第六课时Speaking
Students’ book, p 8, Ex 3
Imagine that you have been asked by Shackleton to choose two sailors for his rescue team from the list below. Discuss who you think are the most suitable.
Who should join the rescue team
Name skills Qualities
These expressions may help you.
I'm not sure that ....
He is unable to ....
It's clear that ....
I think ..,
is better because ....
There's no doubt that ....
I hate to have to say this but ....
It's hard to say.
I don't mind if ....
Which qualities do you think ...
What do you mean ..,
Reading and Writing
Optimism helped us persevere
1 Answer these questions after reading the passage.
1 What kind of problems did the men have to face on Elephant Island
1. They had to face two kinds of problems: one was psychological and the other physical. The psychological one was to stay cheerful and not give way to despair. The physical problem was to stay fit despite a diet consisting only of meat. This meant that there were not enough vitamins or minerals and the food was the same day after day.
2 What do you think was their greatest worry How do you think they overcame this difficulty
2. I think their greatest worry was not being rescued. They dealt with this by remaining cheerful, having musical evenings singing to the banjo and holding celebrations.
3 What did Shackleton encourage them to have celebrations How do you think the celebrations helped
3. Celebrations give people something to look forward to, create good relationships between the people who are celebrating and make everyone feel more cheerful. That is why Shackleton encouraged them.
Writing
Homework
2 Write a review of Perce Blackborow's story for a newspaper. In a review you should:
Unit 1
Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained
第七课时READING TASK
Workbook, p 55
A Good Master Remembered
Read the passage and discuss the questions:
1 In what ways does the servant admire Beethoven
1 He admires his persistence in composing and the way be included his feelings about his deafness into his music.
2 Give two examples of how Beethoven's deafness affected him.
2 Beethoven's deafness affected him personally because he had to stop being a concert pianist and concentrate on composing music. It affected him musically because he was able to use his emotions in his music and write even greater music.
3 What might Beethoven have done if he had net gone deaf
3 If he had not gone deaf. Beethoven would still have been famous as a great pianist.
4 What would you concentrate on if you were to go deaf
5 His moods were changeable and could grow wild and angry. He sometimes appeared like a wild man. In addition he was often so involved in his music that he forgot to brush his hair or wear appropriate clothes.
5 Many people were frightened when they first met Beethoven. Why
Listening Task
Workbook, p 56
1 Read these phrases before listening to the tape for the first time. Tick them if you hear them mentioned.
_______Fifth Symphony, First Movement _______"Choral" Symphony
_______Ninth Symphony
_______"Pastoral" Symphony
_______"Fate" Symphony
_______Sunlight Sonata
_______Moonlight Sonata
_______Fifth Symphony, Third Movement
2 Listen a second time and fill in the chart.
Symphony number Nickname What it is about
Listening material: HOW BEETHOVEN USED HIS DEAFNESS TO MAKE GREAT MUSIC
SPEAKING TASK
Many people think that Beethoven was always a genius. Other people think he would never have been such a great composer but for his deafness.
Step 1: In pairs discuss:
whether you think a genius is born or is
made by circumstances;
whether you think adversity makes one
wise or not.
Step 2: Have a class debate. Use the ideas and examples you have connected to help you with your arguments.
Beethoven's life
Born: 1770 Died:1827
Career:
1795: already an important pianist, teacher
of music, composer, and giver of concerts
1798: deafness began to interfere
1802: concentrated only on composing
1817: totally deaf
1823: last symphony composed
Sample discussion
WRITING TASK
Write a newspaper article putting forward your point of view about Beethoven. Remember to:
* begin by describing your idea of a genius;
* collect your ideas about whether Beethoven fits this description or whether he became a genius as a response to disaster in his life. Make each idea a new paragraph and set out a reason for each;
* finish by repeating what you said in the first paragraph. Make it clear whether you believe Beethoven showed perseverance to become a genius in the face of terrible difficulties or whether he was a born genius.
Some useful words and expressions
Describing the effect of deafness Describing the effect of composing
Sample writing
WHAT MAKES BEETHOVEN A GENIUS
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