Unit 6 Design lesson 1 & 2 同步学案

【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
Unit 6 of Module Ⅱ Design Period One Lesson 1 & 2

二. 本课教学目标与要求：
1、掌握重点单词及词组的用法
词 汇 相关提示
1. abstract adj. 抽象的，深奥的 2. straight adj. 直的， adv. 成直线地，径直 3. pain n.肉体上,感情上、精神上的疼，痛 4. shade n .阴影，阴暗处 5.fix one’s eyes on 注视，凝视 6.feature n . 特征，特色 7.ruin vt . 使毁坏，使毁灭 辨析 ache 和pain 对比复习与eye有关的短语和用法 辨析break, damage, destroy和 ruin
2、重点句式分析讲解
三. 重难点词汇讲解：
1. abstract adj. 抽象的，深奥的
hard to understand because not based on one’s experience of the world
Fear is abstract but a knife is not.
恐惧是抽象的，但一把刀却是具体的。
We may talk of beautiful things, but beauty itself is abstract.
我们尽可谈论美的事物，然而美本身却是抽象的。
1）abstract 还可作名词，意思为“摘要，摘录”；作动词，意思为“提取，摘要”。
Make an abstract of the speech, please.
请将演说的要点摘录下来。
2）派生词：abstraction n . 抽象概念，“提取”。
3）常用短语：in the abstract 抽象地，在观念上，在理论上
make an abstract of 把……的要点摘录下来
Consider the problem in the abstract.
从理论上考虑一下这个问题。
2. straight 1） adj. 直的，不弯曲的not bent or curved;
Try to keep your legs straight.
First, draw two straight lines across the page using a ruler.
Draw a straight line here.
2）adv. 成直线地，径直directly
If you look straight ahead, you’ll see the church in the distance.
如果径直往前看，你会看到远处的教堂。
She was looking straight at me. 她直盯着我。
I got home and went straight to bed.
3. wavy adj. 波状的 having regular waves
The boat is moving slowly in the wavy sea.
英语中某些名词加上y 可以构成形容词，比如：
sun—sunny wind—windy cloud— cloudy
wave n. 波,波浪,波动 v. 波动,挥动,起伏
名词:waver 动词过去式:waved 过去分词:waved 现在分词:waving 第三人称单数:waves
She has a natural wave in her hair. 她的头发自然卷曲。
The flag waved in the wind. 旗帜在风中飘扬。
4. imagine vt. 想象to form a picture or idea in your mind about what something could be like
Can you imagine life without hot water
你能想象没有热水的生活吗？
Just imagine what our life is going to be like in 50 years’ time.
想象一下50年后我们的生活会是什么样。
It’s hard to imagine working in a place like that.
imagination n .想象，想象力 sth.that is imagined and not real;the ability to imagine
You don’t have to use your imagination when you’re watching television.
看电视时，不需要运用想像力。
Reading is a good way to develop a child’s imagination at an early age.
His writing lacks imagination.
5. pain 1） n.（肉体上的）疼，痛the feeling you have when part of your body hurts
She felt a sharp pain in her stomach.
她感到肚子剧烈的疼痛。
He has pains in the arm.他的手臂疼。
If you suffer from back pain , consult your doctor before attempting this exercise.
如果你背疼的话，在尝试进行这项运动前要征求一下医生的意见。
2） n.感情或精神上的痛苦the feeling of unhappiness you have when you are sad, upset, etc.
The old man told us his life with pleasure and pain.
这位老人向我们讲述了他充满欢乐和痛苦的人生。
She hated to say the words, for fear of causing pain.
她不愿说那些话，怕勾起伤心事。
派生词：painful adj . 令人痛苦的；painless adj . 无痛的
辨析: ache 和pain
ache 指一种持续时间较长的痛，常和表示身体某部分的词组成复合词，如：headache;
pain 指“痛，痛苦”，既可指内心，又可指身体的痛苦。如：
His harsh words caused her much pain. 他说话很刺耳，她听了很不舒服。
6. exhibition n . 展览会 a public display of objects
They’ve got a special exhibition on this month.
他们这个月有一个特别展览。
1）派生词：exhibit v.展出；exhibitor n .参展者
2）常用短语：on exhibition 展出
put/place sth. on exhibition 展出某物
7. admission n. 允许进入（加入）permission given to someone to enter a building or place, or to become a member of a school, club etc.
No admission after 10 pm. 十点钟后不得进入。
The young men tried to enter a nightclub but were refused admission .
这些年轻人想进入夜总会，结果被拒绝进入。
Women gained admission to the club only recently.
8. shade n .阴影，阴暗处 dark parts of sth.
There is a good contrast of light and shade in this painting.
这幅画明暗对比鲜明。
1）常用短语：in the shade在树阴下；在暗处
put sb./ sth. in the shade 使某人/某物相形失色
I thought I did well, but your painting puts mine in the shade.
2） shade 也可以作动词，
常用于短语shade sb./ sth. from, 意思是“给某人某物遮住光线，给某人/某物荫凉”。如：
She put her hands over her eyes to shade them from the bright sun.
3） shade 和shadow
这两个词非同义词，有时却容易混淆。前者是作“荫”讲，而后者是作“影”讲。如：
We took a nap in the shade of a large tree.
We took a nap in the shadow of a large tree.
9. sweat n .汗 liquids given out through skin
After performing the Peking Opera, he was covered with sweat.
1）近义词：perspiration n . 汗水
Genius is one per cent inspiration and ninety- nine per cent perspiration.
天才的百分之一是灵感，百分之九十九是血汗。
She burst out in perspiration. 她突然出了一身汗。
2）习惯用语：All of a sweat before the exam. 临考前我急得不得了。
10. youth n .青春；年轻人 the state of being young, young persons
Youth look forward and age backward.
1） 常见短语：cherish /destroy/ waste one’s youth 珍惜/毁灭/浪费青春
keep/maintain/retain youth保持青春 renew one’s youth 返老还童
2） 辨析young, youth和youthful
young adj.意为“年轻的，年幼的”，指年龄上的年轻。
youth意为“小伙子，青春”，前面加the 作为年轻人的总称，
谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复数形式。
youthful adj.“年少的，年轻而活跃的”，通常用来表达富有青春活力，精力充沛的。
11. fix one’s eyes on 注视，凝视to look attentively
The police fixed their eyes on every suspect.
1）含有eye 的词组：catch sb.’s eye 引人注目
keep an eye on sb./sth.留意/照料某人/某物 in sb.’s eyes/in the eyes of… 依某人看来
fix one’s mind /attention/ eyes on sb. or sth. 把思想、注意力、双眼集中在……
She fixed her eyes on Mr Brown’s face and waited for his answer.
Jack tried to fix his mind on the job at hand.
12. creature n .动物，人 a living being, esp. an animal
Her daughter is a beautiful little creature.
辨析: animal, beast和creature
animal 用来指动物时没有感彩，指人时含有贬义，强调残暴；
beast是野兽，用于指凶猛动物；
creature可以指一切生物，指人和动物，没有感彩。
13. valuable
1） adj.贵重的，值钱的 worth a lot of money
This is a very valuable painting.
Don’t lose this ring -- it’s very valuable.
2） 有价值的，有用的be of great importance, valuable help, advice, information etc. is very useful because it helps you to do something
Joyce gave us a lot of valuable advice when we first started the company.
Muriel has made a valuable contribution to our company’s success.
莫里尔为我们公司的成功做出了非常重要的贡献。
While it is valuable for children to have individual responsibilities, it is also good to share jobs with them.
让孩子们负起个人的责任固然重要，而和他们共同完成任务也很好。
Our readers give us a lot of valuable advice.我们的读者给了我们很多宝贵建议。
3）invaluable 不是valuable的反义词，invaluable 表示“非常宝贵的，无价的”，
表示“毫无价值”有worthless.
4）-able是形容词后缀，含有这个词缀的词还有movable, acceptable, countable等。
14. typical adj.典型的having the qualities of a particular type
The typical baby begins to speak at about one year old.婴儿一般一岁左右开始讲话。
1）固定句式：It is typical +of sb. +to do sth. 做……是某人的特征。
It is typical of him to forget his umbrella.忘记带雨伞是他的特征。
2）-ical是形容词后缀，含有这个词缀的词还有economical （经济的），historical（历史的），political（政治的）等。
3） typically: adv. 代表性地, 作为特色地
He is typically American. 他是典型的美国人。
Typically, he would come in late and then say that he had to go early.
他一向是来得很晚，然后又总说他得早走。
15. elegant adj. 优雅的,精美的,俊美的refined and tasteful in appearance or behavior or style suggesting taste, ease, and wealth
The lady wears an elegant dark suit. 那位女士穿着雅致的深色套装。
I like my clothes to be simple but elegant. 我喜欢朴素但漂亮雅致的衣服。
elegantly adv.优美地 charmingly and gracefully
She wears elegantly.她服饰优雅。
16. emphasise vt.强调to say that sth. is very important
He emphasized the importance of careful driving/that careful driving was important.
他强调小心驾驶的重要性[小心驾驶很重要]。
Which word should I emphasize
我应该重读哪个词
17. detail n.细节，详情 a small particular fact or item
I checked very detail of her work.
1）派生词：detailed adj.详情的，详尽的
2）常用短语：in detail 详细地；go into details 详细叙述
3）detail 也可以用作动词，意思为“详述某事”。如：
I detailed our plans to her.我向她详细讲述了我们的计划。
18. feature n . 特征，特色 a typical quality or an important part of something
The beautiful weather was a feature of our holiday.天气好是我们假期中的一大特点。
1）feature作“面容”讲时，单数表示面容的一部分。如：
Her eyes were her best feature.她的眼睛是她容貌中最漂亮的部分。
2）feature作复数时，意为“面貌，相貌；特征；特色；特写，特辑”。如：
The software has no particular distinguishing features.这个软件没有什么突出的特色。
3）派生词：featureless adj .无特色的
4）feature可以作动词，意思为“给……以显著地位；由某人主演”。如：
This film features a new French actress.这部电影由一个法国新女星主演。
19. roof n .房顶the surface or covering on the top of a building
We live under the same roof.我们住在一起。
roof的复数形式是roofs，以f结尾的词变为复数时只加“s”的词还有gulf（海湾），chief （首长）,proof （证据）。巧记：海湾的首长到屋顶上找证据。
辨析: ceiling, roof和top
ceiling指天花板；roof指房顶；top指事物的最高点，可以指任何具体或抽象的事物。
20. angel n .天使a good spiritual creature in stories or some religions, usually represented as a human with wings; or someone who is very good, helpful or kind
Doctors are usually called angels in white.医生被人称为白衣天使。
1）习惯用语：ministering angel救死扶伤的天使 angel’s visit不常有的事
2）派生词：angelic adj.天使般的
21. ruin vt . 使毁坏，使毁灭
to cause something to be destroyed or lost , to destroy sth./to damage sth. beyond repair
The storm ruined the crops.暴风雨毁了庄稼。
The terrible weather ruined my holiday.
Several villages were ruined during earthquake.
几个村庄在这次地震中被毁。
n. broken remains 废墟
They explored several Roman ruins.
他们探寻了几个古罗马遗迹。
固定搭配：in ruins 成为废墟，遭到严重破坏
辨析: break, damage, destroy和 ruin
break指“弄坏、损坏”，程度比较轻，其宾语也往往并非是很庞大的东西。
destroy常指彻底的或很难修复的“破坏”“毁坏”，程度颇深。
damage“破坏”“毁坏”的程度没那么深，且常常在一定程度上可以修复。
ruin 指“毁灭、崩溃”，在这几个词中破坏程度最严重，且破坏后不可修复。
22. sort of 有几分地, 有点儿，in some way or degree , more than a little but not very
This place is sort of strange. 这地方有点怪。
It was sort of odd that he didn’t come.
他没有来，真是有点儿奇怪。
翻译：I suppose we shall be having some sort of celebration for the bride.
What sort of qualifications do you need for the job
What sort of book do you want
That sort of music is rubbish.
23. date back to追溯到to have lasted since
This church dates back to 1173.这座教堂建于1173年。
the date of birth 出生日期；out of date 过时的；up to date最新的
24. religious adj.宗教的，虔诚的having to do with religion
Many people keep their religious beliefs private.
许多人对自己的宗教信仰保密。

四. 重难点句式讲解：
1. Across this painting, named RacingHorse, we can see a horse running at high speed like a missile across the sky. 通过名为《奔马》的这幅画，我们可以看到一匹快速奔跑的马像导弹穿跃天空。
named Racing Horse 是过去分词短语作定语，修饰painting;
running at high speed 是现在分词短语作宾语补语。“以……的速度”用介词at 。
比较：across和through
两个词均有“穿过”的意思，across是从表面通过，through强调从空间穿过。如：
The passenger got off the bus and hurried across the street.
The stream runs through the forest.这条小溪穿过森林。
2. On the left and right side of the painting, Xu cleverly drew in blacking and to show the moving hair on the horse’s mane and tail. 在画的左右两侧，徐悲鸿很巧妙地着上黑墨来反映飘动的马鬃和马尾。
to show the moving hair on the horse’s mane and tail 是动词不定式短语作目的状语，
其中moving 是现在分词作定语修饰hair。
1）on the left （right）意为“在左（右）侧”，介词用on 。
2）draw in black ink 泼上黑墨，介词in 有“用……（颜色）”的意思。如：
She is in red .她身穿红衣服。
3. His interest changed later to simple pictures from everyday life, such as vegetables, flowers, birds and insects .后来他的兴趣转到了一些反映日常生活的蔬菜、花卉、虫、鸟等图画上。
介词短语from everyday life 作定语，修饰pictures。such as 用于表示列举。
比较：every day 和everyday
分写every day 意为“每天”，在句中作状语。
合写everyday意为“日常的”，是形容词，作定语。如：
We get up at six every day.我们每天六点起床。
everyday English日常英语
everyday life 日常生活
4. Its black eyes, which are fixed on the cabbage , show the creature’s interest in the vegetable.盯着白菜的黑眼睛表明了小动物对白菜的兴趣。
which are fixed on the cabbage 是非限制性定语从句，修饰black eyes。
“眼睛盯着…….”或“盯着…….”要用被动，即eyes are fixed on…如：
His eyes are fixed on the paper bag.
他盯着文件袋。
5. Qi Baishi’s style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use their imagination. 齐白石的绘画风格常常给观赏者留下猜想空间,使他们充分发挥想象。
这是一个简单句，谓语动词是leaves 和makes ,
guessing 和use their imagination 分别接在谓语动词后作宾语补足语。
在使役动词make, have, let 后作宾语补足语的不定式常省去to 。如：
Let me have a try. 我试一下。
They make me clean the big room once a week.
6. In the painting ,a young woman sits alone and is deep in thought .
画面中，一个少妇独自坐着，陷入沉思。
这是一个简单句，主语是a young woman ,谓语是sits 和is 。
deep in thought 习惯搭配，意为“沉思”。
比较：alone 和lonely
alone 多指客观上是独自的，孤单的，没有感彩，只能作后置定语；
lonely 多指主观上感到孤独，带有感彩，可作前置定语。
alone 和lonely从汉语的角度看，alone表示“单独”lonely表示“孤独”。

【模拟试题】
1. 词汇练习
1）We may talk of beautiful things, but beauty itself is （抽象的）.
2）I would like to （强调） that we are ready to meet you at any time.
3）There will be an （展览）of the development of car industry in our country next week.
4）The heavy rain （毁损）my painting last month.
5）Her mouth is her best （特征）.
6）The s of Jefferson was big as life.
7）He has poor e ，the house is near, but he can’t see .
8）He told us the accident in d .
9）I f the letter and put it in my pocket.
10）You didn’t really see a ghost, it’s only i .
2、综合阅读
All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy, happy and help them to live longer.
Sports change with the season. People play different games in winter and summer.
Games and sports often grow out of people’s work and everyday activities. The Arabs use horses or camels in much of their everyday life; they use them in their sports, too.
Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere go in for them. Football, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers.
Some sports or games go back to thousands of years, like running or jumping. Chinese boxing, for example, has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is a hundred years old yet. People are inventing new sports or games all the time.
People from different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game they often become good friends. Sports help to train a person’s character （性格）. One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace （体面）
1. According to this passage we know that _____.
A. people began to play about one hundred years ago
B. about 100 years ago people ran or jumped when they played
C. basketball has a longer history than volleyball
D. not all the games have a long history
2. The writer didn’t tell us in this passage that _____.
A. basketball was invented in America
B. sports change with the season
C. games and sports often grow out of people’s work and everyday activities
D. football is played all over the world
3. People all over the world enjoy sports because _____.
A. sports are interesting
B. sports help to keep people healthy , happy and to live longer
C. sports help to train one’s character
D. all of the above
4. From this passage we can see that_____.
A. sports and games are unimportant things that people do
B. sports and games should be treated（对待）only as amusement（娱乐活动）
C. sports and games are only useful to the old
D. none of the above is true
5. What’s the writer’s attitude of the sports
A. positive B. negative
C. neutral D. We have no idea.
【试题答案】
1、词汇练习
1）abstract 2）emphasize 3）exhibition 4）ruined 5）feature.
6）statue 7）eyesight 8）detail. 9）folded 10）imagination.
2、综合阅读
1）D 2）A 3）D 4）D 5）A