北师大版 英语重难点讲解：八年级下unit 11 working with animals part 2

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Unit 11 Working with Animals
一. 教学内容：
Unit 11 Part 2
学会使用现在完成时描述经历及使用形容词最高级进行三者以上的比较

二. 本周教学重点：
1.形容词最高级的使用。
2. 冠词的使用。
3. 课文解析。

三. 具体内容：
（一）形容词比较级和最高级。
1. 大多数形容词都有三个等级的变化：原级，比较级和最高级。原级即原形；比较级表示“较……”或“更……一些”的意思；最高级表示“最……”的意思。21世纪教育网
2. 形容词比较级最高级构成的规则变化。
形容词最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或事物的比较，表示在一群人或事物中，其中一个“最……”。最高级前一般要用定冠词the,句中一般有一个表示比较范围的介词of或in短语，of 后面一般接表示一群人或事物的代词或名词，in 后面一般接表示一个单位或场所的名词。
构成法 原形 比较级21世纪教育网 最高级
一般单音节词和部分双音节词在词尾加-er/est tallgreatfastnear tallergreaterfasternearer tallestgreatestfastestnearest
以不发音的字母e结尾的单音节词只在词尾加-r/st nicelargelate nicerlargerlater[来源:21世纪教育网] nicestlargestlatest
“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词将词尾的y改为i，再加er/est easybusyearlyhappy easierbusierearlierhappier easiestbusiestearliesthappiest
重读闭音节词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母。再加er/est bighotthinfat biggerhotterthinnerfatter biggesthottestthinnestfattest
3. 形容词比较级构成的不规则变化。
原形 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad worse21世纪教育网 worst
many more most
far farther/further farthest/furthest
little less least
4. 多音节词和部分双音节词要在其前加more, most 变成比较级和最高级。
popular—more popular—the most popular
important—more important—the most important
serious—more serious—the most serious
outgoing—more outgoing –the most outgoing
5. 最高级的基本用法：
1）三者或三者以上相比较用“the+最高级+名词+范围”。
This is the cleanest place of the city.
Jack is the tallest boy in our class.
2）表示“最……之一”，用“one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词”
This is one of the most interesting books that I’ve ever read.
3）形容词的最高级前面必须加定冠词the,但当形容词最高级前面有物主代词修饰时，则不加the.
This is my the best friend.
This is my best friend.
Today is happiest day of my life.
Today is the happiest day of my life.

（二）冠词的用法：
不定冠词的用法：
1）用于第一次提到的单数可数名词前，表示类别，泛指某一类人或物。
He is a worker.
Give the child a pencil, please.
2）表示任何一类人或物中的任何一个。
A horse is a useful animal.
A worker works with his hands.
A ho rse is smaller than an elephant.
3）与序数词连用表示“再一，又一”。
I’ll stay here for a second week.
4）与某些表示数量的名词连用，构成某些习语。
quite a few, a little, a great deal of, a great number of, a great many, many a

定冠词的用法：
1）用于特指的事物或说话双方都清楚的事物名词前。
Who invited the computer
Please close the door.
2）用于第二次提到的人或事物前。
He planted a tree by the river last year. Now the tree grows well.
3）用于世界上独一无二的事物前。
The earth goes around the sun.
4）用于序数词前表示“第几”
He is always the first to come and the last to leave.
5）用于形容词最高级前。
He is the tallest boy in our class.
6）用于乐器前。
My aunt likes playing the violin.

（三）课文解析。
1) share with sb.
David shared his candies with me.
He has to share a bathroom with his roommate and he hates it.
2) a bit
I am a bit tired.
I am a bit sick about it.
I’m not a bit hungry somehow tonight.
He said he was not a bit cold.
3) look like
They look like the sticks and leaves.
4) start doing
They start taking photos of me.
5) protect animals
We should protect animals because they’re our friends.
6) train animals
I am a dolphin trainer. I like training them.

［课堂练习］
I. 用所给形容词或副词的适当形式填空
1. Which is (fast) a cheetah or a kangaroo
2. The country is getting and (rich).
3. Look at those little yellow flowers.
They are the (beautiful) flowers I have ever seen.
4. He broke his leg. The next morning he felt even (painful).
5. He raised his voice, trying to speak (clearly).
6. It is (warm) today than yesterday.
7. June is the (hot) month in a year.
8. The giraffe is the (tall) animal in the world.
9. The stick insect is the world’s (long) insect.
10. With the help of the new teacher, he felt (interested) in physics.

II. 单项填空
1. have you lived in Beijing
A. How long B. How often C. How much D. How soon
2. He’s been back home ,
A. isn’t he B. is he C. has he D. hasn’t he
3. They have stayed here last year .
A. for B. since C. from D. ever
4. Mary has Shanghai for six months .
A. come to B. arrived at C. left D stayed in
5. I don’t want you yourselves .
A. hurting B. hurt C. to hurt D. hurted
6. I have not seen her 1991.
A. for B. since C. in D. about
7. He the League for three years .
A. joined B. has joined C. is in D. has been in
8. He has had the bike two years ago .
A. for B. since C. about D. \
9. Have you ever _______ to America？
A. go B. gone C. been D. went
10. Everybody ________. He feels very lonely.
A. go B. has gone C. have gone D. goes

III. 用动词的正确形式填空。
see
1. Can you ______ the bird in the tree
2. My grandpa ______ a doctor when he is ill.
3. He _________ a doctor at the moment.
4. We ________ a movie last night.
5. _______ you ever _______ an ostrich
6. I hope ________ you soon.
7. I _____ him in the street yesterday.
8. I _____ just _____ him on the street.
9. The woman _____ a doctor three days ago.
10. The man ____________ (not see) a doctor for five years.
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