2017-2018学年人教版高中英语必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes Section II 定语从句课件 （共39张PPT）
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| 名称 | 2017-2018学年人教版高中英语必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes Section II 定语从句课件 （共39张PPT） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2017-10-01 20:07:37 | ||
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课件39张PPT。1.Then, later that afternoon, another big quake _______________________________________shook Tangshan. 2.The army organized teams to dig out those ______________________________________.which was almost as strong as the first onewho were trapped and to bury the deadFind the attributive clauses in the text3.A huge crack____________________________ ___________________________________ cut across houses, roads and canals. that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide4.The number of people____________________
________________ reached more than 400,000. who were killed or
seriously injuredThe Attributive Clause定语从句I. 定语从句的相关概念1.定义：在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句2.先行词：被修饰的名词,代词或整句话There was an earthquake which happened
in Tangshan in 1976.关系代词3.引导定语从句的词关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that等关系副词：when, where, why等Ⅱ. 关系代词的基本用法
1. that/which:
(1)指人时that相当于who或者whom; 指物时相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或者宾语, 作宾语时可以省略。
(2)which用来指物, 在定语从句中作主语或者宾语, 作宾语时可以省略。①Mr. Wang is the teacher that cares about me most.
(关系代词that指代先行词__________, 并在定语从句中作主语。)
the teacher②This is the pen that/which I lost yesterday.
(关系代词that/which指代先行词_______, 并在定语从句中作______, 可以省略。)the pen宾语③The building ______ stands near the river is our school.
坐落在河边的那座建筑是我们的学校。
(关系代词在定语从句中作_____, 不可省略。)
④The film ______ I saw last night was very moving.
我昨天晚上看的那部电影很感人。
(关系代词在定语从句中作_____, 可以省略。)which 主语which宾语2. who/whom:
who用来指人, 在定语从句中作主语。作宾语时用whom。who在非正式语和口语中可以代替whom作宾语, 可以省略。
①The number of people who came to visit this city each year reached one million.
关系代词who指代先行词______, 并且在定语从句中作主语, 句意是: _________________________达一百万。people每年来参观这座城市的人数②The professor who/whom you are waiting for has come.
关系代词指代先行词____________, 并且在定语从句中作宾语, 所以用whom, 也可以用____, 并且可以省略。句意是: __________________已经来了。
The professorwho你正在等待的教授3. whose:
whose通常用来指人, 也可以指物, 在定语从句中作定语, 相当于my, his, her, its, their等。
①I have a friend. His father is a doctor.
→I have a friend ______ ______ is a doctor.
我有一位爸爸是医生的朋友。
(whose指人, 在定语从句中作father的定语, whose father在定语从句中作主语。)whosefather②This is the computer. I have just changed its CPU.
→This is the computer ______ _____ I have just changed.
这就是我刚换了CPU的那台电脑。
(whose指物, 在定语从句中作CPU的定语, whose CPU在定语从句中作changed的宾语)whoseCPU注意：
在语意理解上, whose相当于of whom/which。在语法结构上whose+名词= the +名词+ of whom/which
③I visited a scientist. The name of the scientist is John Smith.
→I visited a scientist the name of ______ is John Smith.
→I visited a scientist ______ name is John Smith.
我拜访了那位名叫约翰·史密斯的科学家。whomwhose④The classroom will soon be repaired. The doors and windows of the classroom are broken.
→The classroom the doors and windows __ ______ are broken will soon be repaired.
→The classroom ______ doors and windows are broken will soon be repaired.
门窗坏了的那个教室很快会被维修。ofwhichwhoseⅢ. that和which用法的区别1. 只能用that不能用which的情况
(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something,
anything, few, little, much 等不定代词时。
I am sure she has something _____ you can borrow.
Do you have anything _____ you don’t understand?
thatthat(2)先行词被all, any, each, few, every, no, some, little, much等修饰时。
I’ve read all the books ____ you lend me.
Please send us any information ____ you have about the subject.thatthat(3)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the first book ____ he has read.
It is the most beautiful city ____ I’ve ever seen.
(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。
This is the very book ____ belongs to him.
He is the only person _____ was present at the time.thatthatthatthat(5)先行词既有人又有物时。
The famous writer and his works ____ the radio has been broadcasting are popular with the students.
(6)当主句是以which或who 开头的特殊疑问句时。
Who is the girl _____ drove the car? thatthat2. 只用which不用that的情况
(1)关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）。
There are many trees ___________ they can have a rest.
This is the ring _________ she spent 1,000 dollars.
(2) 在非限制性定语从句中。 Football, _______ is a very popular game, is played all over the world.under whichon whichwhichⅣ.使用定语从句的注意事项
1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。“one of＋复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用复数形式；“the only one of＋复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用单数形式。
This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens.
这是查理斯·狄更斯所写的书中的其中一本。ⅣHe is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French.
他是我们班里唯一一个学过法语的男孩。
注意：which引导非限制性定语从句时，往往代表前面所说的整个情况。这时which被看作单数，其后的谓语动词应用单数形式。
He said he was a Frenchman，which was not true.
他说他是一个法国人，这不是真的。2.为避免关系词的重复，被关系代词所代替的成分不可在从句中重复出现。
This is the factory which we visited last Sunday.
(visited后不可加it)
这就是我们上星期天参观过的工厂。3.关系代词的省略。
(1)关系代词作主语时不能省略。
(2)作动词宾语的关系代词，可以省略；作介词宾语的关系代词，如果不直接位于介词后，可省略，如果直接作介词的宾语，不能省略。
(3)关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中不能省略。如何选用关系代词？
第一步：找准先行词，初步确定所用关系词。
第二步：正确分析先行词与定语从句中谓语动词的关系，从而验证所选关系词的正确性。如果发现先行词在从句中作状语，就应选用关系副词。
第三步：验证定语从句中的主谓一致性。关系代词作定语从句的主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致。例如：
He is the only one of the students who knows English.
(先行词是the only one, 后面定语从句谓语用knows)他是唯一懂英语的学生。
He is one of the students who know English.
(先行词是the students, 后面定语从句谓语用know)他是懂英语的学生之一。Language points It was a frightening night.拓展
(1)frightening adj.令人恐惧的
frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的
be frightened of (doing) sth.害怕(做)某事
be frightened to do sth.害怕/不敢做某事(2)frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬
frighten sb. into/out of (doing) sth.吓得某人做/不敢做某事
frighten sb./sth. away/off把……吓走/吓跑
用所给词的正确形式填空
(1)We could see that there was a
(frighten) expression on her face.
(2)It’s (frighten) for a little girl to stay at a big and empty hall alone.
(3)I am frightened (enter) the dark room at night.to enterfrightenedfrightening语法单句填空
1．John is the boy ________ legs were badly injured in the accident.答案：whose 考查定语从句。句意：那个在车祸中腿严重受伤的男孩是约翰。先行词the boy和legs是所属关系。whose在从句作legs的定语。2．You might search on the Internet for comments or news stories about this school ________ may interest you.答案：that/which 考查定语从句。句意：你可以在网上搜寻你感兴趣的关于这所学校的评论和新闻报道。分析从句成分可知关系代词在从句中作主语。3．The most interesting book ________ I want to read is Howl's moving castle.答案：that 考查定语从句。句意：我想读的最有趣的书是《哈尔的移动城堡》。先行词book被形容词的最高级修饰，应用关系代词that，而不用which。4．The engineer ________ my father works with is about 50 years old.答案：whom/who 考查定语从句。句意：和我父亲一起工作的那个工程师大约50岁了。分析从句成分可知，从句中缺少with的宾语，先行词为the engineer。5．Do you still remember the chicken farm ________ we visited three months ago?答案：that/which 考查定语从句。句意：你还记得我们三个月前参观过的养鸡场吗？先行词为the chicken farm，从句中visit缺宾语，故应用关系代词。6．Effective measures ________ will prevent the spread of the new disease should be taken in time.答案：that/which 考查定语从句。句意：应该及时采取有效的措施来阻止这种新疾病的蔓延。先行词为effective measures，从句中缺主语。7．They talked about their classmates and things ________ they still remembered in middle school.答案：that 考查定语从句。句意：他们谈论了他们依然记得的中学的同学和事情。先行词为classmates and things，先行词表示人和物，关系代词用that而不用which。8．The Sound of Music is the first English film ________ I have ever seen.答案：that 考查定语从句。句意：《音乐之声》是我看过的第一部英语电影。先行词是English film，前面有序数词the first修饰，故关系词用that而不用which。9．Women _______ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ________ don't.答案：who；who 考查定语从句。句意：一天喝两杯咖啡的妇女患心脏病的几率比不喝咖啡的妇女要高。此句中包含两个定语从句，且关系词在定语从句中都作主语，不能省略。
10．I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise． 答案：whose 考查定语从句。a couple是先行词，这对夫妻的孩子很吵，children和couple是所属关系，故用whose作定语，相当于the children of whom，故填whose。
________________ reached more than 400,000. who were killed or
seriously injuredThe Attributive Clause定语从句I. 定语从句的相关概念1.定义：在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句2.先行词：被修饰的名词,代词或整句话There was an earthquake which happened
in Tangshan in 1976.关系代词3.引导定语从句的词关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that等关系副词：when, where, why等Ⅱ. 关系代词的基本用法
1. that/which:
(1)指人时that相当于who或者whom; 指物时相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或者宾语, 作宾语时可以省略。
(2)which用来指物, 在定语从句中作主语或者宾语, 作宾语时可以省略。①Mr. Wang is the teacher that cares about me most.
(关系代词that指代先行词__________, 并在定语从句中作主语。)
the teacher②This is the pen that/which I lost yesterday.
(关系代词that/which指代先行词_______, 并在定语从句中作______, 可以省略。)the pen宾语③The building ______ stands near the river is our school.
坐落在河边的那座建筑是我们的学校。
(关系代词在定语从句中作_____, 不可省略。)
④The film ______ I saw last night was very moving.
我昨天晚上看的那部电影很感人。
(关系代词在定语从句中作_____, 可以省略。)which 主语which宾语2. who/whom:
who用来指人, 在定语从句中作主语。作宾语时用whom。who在非正式语和口语中可以代替whom作宾语, 可以省略。
①The number of people who came to visit this city each year reached one million.
关系代词who指代先行词______, 并且在定语从句中作主语, 句意是: _________________________达一百万。people每年来参观这座城市的人数②The professor who/whom you are waiting for has come.
关系代词指代先行词____________, 并且在定语从句中作宾语, 所以用whom, 也可以用____, 并且可以省略。句意是: __________________已经来了。
The professorwho你正在等待的教授3. whose:
whose通常用来指人, 也可以指物, 在定语从句中作定语, 相当于my, his, her, its, their等。
①I have a friend. His father is a doctor.
→I have a friend ______ ______ is a doctor.
我有一位爸爸是医生的朋友。
(whose指人, 在定语从句中作father的定语, whose father在定语从句中作主语。)whosefather②This is the computer. I have just changed its CPU.
→This is the computer ______ _____ I have just changed.
这就是我刚换了CPU的那台电脑。
(whose指物, 在定语从句中作CPU的定语, whose CPU在定语从句中作changed的宾语)whoseCPU注意：
在语意理解上, whose相当于of whom/which。在语法结构上whose+名词= the +名词+ of whom/which
③I visited a scientist. The name of the scientist is John Smith.
→I visited a scientist the name of ______ is John Smith.
→I visited a scientist ______ name is John Smith.
我拜访了那位名叫约翰·史密斯的科学家。whomwhose④The classroom will soon be repaired. The doors and windows of the classroom are broken.
→The classroom the doors and windows __ ______ are broken will soon be repaired.
→The classroom ______ doors and windows are broken will soon be repaired.
门窗坏了的那个教室很快会被维修。ofwhichwhoseⅢ. that和which用法的区别1. 只能用that不能用which的情况
(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something,
anything, few, little, much 等不定代词时。
I am sure she has something _____ you can borrow.
Do you have anything _____ you don’t understand?
thatthat(2)先行词被all, any, each, few, every, no, some, little, much等修饰时。
I’ve read all the books ____ you lend me.
Please send us any information ____ you have about the subject.thatthat(3)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the first book ____ he has read.
It is the most beautiful city ____ I’ve ever seen.
(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。
This is the very book ____ belongs to him.
He is the only person _____ was present at the time.thatthatthatthat(5)先行词既有人又有物时。
The famous writer and his works ____ the radio has been broadcasting are popular with the students.
(6)当主句是以which或who 开头的特殊疑问句时。
Who is the girl _____ drove the car? thatthat2. 只用which不用that的情况
(1)关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）。
There are many trees ___________ they can have a rest.
This is the ring _________ she spent 1,000 dollars.
(2) 在非限制性定语从句中。 Football, _______ is a very popular game, is played all over the world.under whichon whichwhichⅣ.使用定语从句的注意事项
1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。“one of＋复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用复数形式；“the only one of＋复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用单数形式。
This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens.
这是查理斯·狄更斯所写的书中的其中一本。ⅣHe is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French.
他是我们班里唯一一个学过法语的男孩。
注意：which引导非限制性定语从句时，往往代表前面所说的整个情况。这时which被看作单数，其后的谓语动词应用单数形式。
He said he was a Frenchman，which was not true.
他说他是一个法国人，这不是真的。2.为避免关系词的重复，被关系代词所代替的成分不可在从句中重复出现。
This is the factory which we visited last Sunday.
(visited后不可加it)
这就是我们上星期天参观过的工厂。3.关系代词的省略。
(1)关系代词作主语时不能省略。
(2)作动词宾语的关系代词，可以省略；作介词宾语的关系代词，如果不直接位于介词后，可省略，如果直接作介词的宾语，不能省略。
(3)关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中不能省略。如何选用关系代词？
第一步：找准先行词，初步确定所用关系词。
第二步：正确分析先行词与定语从句中谓语动词的关系，从而验证所选关系词的正确性。如果发现先行词在从句中作状语，就应选用关系副词。
第三步：验证定语从句中的主谓一致性。关系代词作定语从句的主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致。例如：
He is the only one of the students who knows English.
(先行词是the only one, 后面定语从句谓语用knows)他是唯一懂英语的学生。
He is one of the students who know English.
(先行词是the students, 后面定语从句谓语用know)他是懂英语的学生之一。Language points It was a frightening night.拓展
(1)frightening adj.令人恐惧的
frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的
be frightened of (doing) sth.害怕(做)某事
be frightened to do sth.害怕/不敢做某事(2)frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬
frighten sb. into/out of (doing) sth.吓得某人做/不敢做某事
frighten sb./sth. away/off把……吓走/吓跑
用所给词的正确形式填空
(1)We could see that there was a
(frighten) expression on her face.
(2)It’s (frighten) for a little girl to stay at a big and empty hall alone.
(3)I am frightened (enter) the dark room at night.to enterfrightenedfrightening语法单句填空
1．John is the boy ________ legs were badly injured in the accident.答案：whose 考查定语从句。句意：那个在车祸中腿严重受伤的男孩是约翰。先行词the boy和legs是所属关系。whose在从句作legs的定语。2．You might search on the Internet for comments or news stories about this school ________ may interest you.答案：that/which 考查定语从句。句意：你可以在网上搜寻你感兴趣的关于这所学校的评论和新闻报道。分析从句成分可知关系代词在从句中作主语。3．The most interesting book ________ I want to read is Howl's moving castle.答案：that 考查定语从句。句意：我想读的最有趣的书是《哈尔的移动城堡》。先行词book被形容词的最高级修饰，应用关系代词that，而不用which。4．The engineer ________ my father works with is about 50 years old.答案：whom/who 考查定语从句。句意：和我父亲一起工作的那个工程师大约50岁了。分析从句成分可知，从句中缺少with的宾语，先行词为the engineer。5．Do you still remember the chicken farm ________ we visited three months ago?答案：that/which 考查定语从句。句意：你还记得我们三个月前参观过的养鸡场吗？先行词为the chicken farm，从句中visit缺宾语，故应用关系代词。6．Effective measures ________ will prevent the spread of the new disease should be taken in time.答案：that/which 考查定语从句。句意：应该及时采取有效的措施来阻止这种新疾病的蔓延。先行词为effective measures，从句中缺主语。7．They talked about their classmates and things ________ they still remembered in middle school.答案：that 考查定语从句。句意：他们谈论了他们依然记得的中学的同学和事情。先行词为classmates and things，先行词表示人和物，关系代词用that而不用which。8．The Sound of Music is the first English film ________ I have ever seen.答案：that 考查定语从句。句意：《音乐之声》是我看过的第一部英语电影。先行词是English film，前面有序数词the first修饰，故关系词用that而不用which。9．Women _______ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ________ don't.答案：who；who 考查定语从句。句意：一天喝两杯咖啡的妇女患心脏病的几率比不喝咖啡的妇女要高。此句中包含两个定语从句，且关系词在定语从句中都作主语，不能省略。
10．I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise． 答案：whose 考查定语从句。a couple是先行词，这对夫妻的孩子很吵，children和couple是所属关系，故用whose作定语，相当于the children of whom，故填whose。