牛津译林版高中英语必修1 模块1 Unit 2 Growing pains Welcome to the unit Reading 课件（共142张PPT） (1)
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| 名称 | 牛津译林版高中英语必修1 模块1 Unit 2 Growing pains Welcome to the unit Reading 课件（共142张PPT） (1) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2017-10-01 21:15:16 | ||
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课件142张PPT。Unit 2 Growing pains
Welcome to the unit & Reading1. 根据音标和词义写出下列单词。
(1) _____(vi. )弯腰, 屈身 (vt. )(使)弯曲
(2) ______(vi. )挨饿; 饿死 (vt. )使挨饿
(3) ____(n. )水池, 水槽; 洗碗池 (vi. )下沉, 沉没
(4) _______(vt. )容许; 承认; 忍受; 容忍
(5) ________(n. )(13～19岁的)青少年bendstarvesinktolerateteenager(6) _____(n. )过错, 错误
(7) _____(n. )(戏剧的)一场; 场面; 景色
(8) _____(adj. )不高兴的, 失望的
(vt. )使不高兴, 使失望
(9) _______(adv. )反正; 尽管如此
(10) _______(vt. )值得; 应得; 应受faultsceneupsetanyhowdeserve2. 用所给单词的不同形式填空。
(1)She was too _________ to move when seeing the __________
scene. (frighten)
(2)Some people are ________ to death and many of them have
died of _________ since the beginning of the year. (starve)
(3)He didn’t _______ himself at the party yesterday, so his
father told him to mind his ________. (behave)
(4)He tried to ______ himself at the court while the other side
showed some evidence in _______ of themselves. (defend)
(5)The question is beyond ___________. Though I _________ to
him many times, he still couldn’t understand it. (explain)frightenedfrighteningstarvingstarvationbehavebehaviordefenddefenceexplanationexplained3. 根据语境猜测黑体短语的含义。
(1)I can’t wait to know the results of the test.
( )
(2)You were supposed to have finished your homework by 5
o’clock yesterday. ( )
(3)You shouldn’t be too hard on him. After all, he is only a
child. ( )
(4)Now that you are given the chance, why not make good use
of it? ( )
(5)I’d like to speak to whoever is in charge. ( )迫不及待地做某事应该……, 应当……对……苛刻, 对……严厉既然负责, 主管4. 根据汉语提示写出相应的短语。
(1)He __________his parents, which astonished all the people
present. (对……无礼, 对……粗鲁)
(2)He promised to help me but didn’t _______. (出现)
(3)When I got home, I found my house ________. (一团糟)
(4)The light ________suddenly and I didn’t know why.
(灯熄灭)
(5)No one knows for sure what to _______this tough problem.
(处理)was rude toturn upin a messwent outdo with1. 速读文章并选出最佳答案。
(1)The passage is mainly about ______ .
A. how the family manage to be on good terms
B. why the room is in a mess
C. why there is a misunderstanding between the parents and sons
D. what happens to Daniel and Eric after their parents get home(2)Which of the following is the cause of the quarrel?
A. Spot was seriously ill.
B. The couple return earlier than expected.
C. The boys play football all day long.
D. The brothers’ laziness(懒惰). (3)Eric says hello to his parents in a frightened voice because ______ .
A. Dad often punishes him
B. he is afraid that Dad will see the messy room and punish him
C. Dad will beat him and his brother
D. he is always timid(胆小的)(4)From the passage, we can infer(推断)that ______ .
A. children often hate their parents
B. parents often hate their parents
C. children and parents often hate each other
D. parents and children should explain to each other when some misunderstanding(误解)occurs(5)What would probably happen in the following act?
A. Dad and Daniel will quarrel again.
B. Mom and Eric will help Dad and Daniel to get rid of the misunderstanding.
C. Eric will not play football any longer.
D. Daniel will desert(抛弃)the dog. 2. 细读文章并完成空格。
Home aloneScenelivingSceneexpectedmesstiredshoutstolerateshutsexplaindeserve3. 复读文章回答问题。
If you are being misunderstood by your parents, what should
you do?
____________________________________________________
________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
____________I’ll forgive my parents and tell them what has happened andsurely they will understand me. Do remembercommunicating is the best way to strengthen our relationshipwith parents.1. can’t wait to do something 迫不及待地做某事
【语境领悟】
*Yes, I can’t wait to surprise the boys!
是的, 我迫不及待地想给孩子们一个惊喜!
*I can’t wait to tell him the good news.
我迫不及待地告诉他那个好消息。
*The old man can’t wait to build a new house.
这位老人迫不及待地建一座新房子。【归纳拓展】
can’t wait for sth. 对某事迫不及待
can’t wait for sb. to do sth. 迫不及待某人做某事
*The teenagers can’t wait for the coming soccer match.
这些青少年们对于即将到来的足球比赛迫不及待。
*I can’t wait for my daughter to come back from abroad.
我迫不及待地盼女儿回国。【即学活用】完成句子。
①我迫不及待地想和你分享这次令人愉快的经历。
I ________________ the enjoyable experience with you.
②观众对黄渤的演出迫不及待。
The audience ____________ Huang Bo’s performance.
③我女儿迫不及待地等我给她买生日礼物。
My daughter _____________________ her a birthday gift. can’t wait to sharecan’t wait forcan’t wait for me to buy【思维延伸】
When they knew there was a panda in the zoo, the children could ______ wait to see it.
A. almost B. nearly C. hard D. hardly
【解析】选D。句意: 当孩子们知道动物园里有只熊猫时, 他们迫不及待地想去看看。can hardly wait to do sth. =can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事。2. frightened adj. 受惊的; 害怕的
【语境领悟】
*He sounded frightened when hearing his parents enter the house. 听到父母进了家门, 他听起来很害怕。
*She is frightened of flying, so she was frightened to go on board the plane just now.
她害怕坐飞机, 因此, 她刚才不敢登机。
*She was frightened to death when seeing the terrible accident.
看到那可怕的事故场面, 她吓得要死。【归纳拓展】
(1)be frightened of doing sth. 害怕做某事(表示习惯)
be frightened to do sth. 不敢去做某事
be frightened to death 吓得要死
be frightened that. . . 害怕……
(2)frighten vt. 使惊吓; 使惊恐
frightening adj. 令人害怕的*She was frightened that the plane would crash.
她害怕飞机会坠毁。
*It’s frightening to think it could happen again.
想到此事可能再发生就使人不寒而栗。【名师点津】
frightened修饰人、人的声音、表情等; frightening修饰物, 指“令人害怕的……”。【巧学助记】 勿“害怕”frightened
The boy was frightened to death at the frightening fish. (The frightening fish almost frightened the boy. )
看到这条吓人的鱼, 这个男孩吓得要死。【即学活用】用frighten的正确形式填空。
①He was _________ at the __________ news.
②What _________ us was that two of our students were lost
in the forest.
③From her _________ voice, we know she must be _________
by the __________ fire. frightenedfrighteningfrightenedfrightenedfrightenedfrightening④(2014·石家庄高一检测)When he heard the ______ newsthat an earthquake occurred in Sichuan again, he felt very ______ .
A. frightened; frightened
B. frightened; frightening
C. frightening; frightening
D. frightening; frightened
【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。句意: 当听到四川又发生地震的令人害怕的消息时, 他觉得非常害怕。第一个空修饰news要用frightening, 指“令人害怕的消息”, 而第二个空修饰主语he, 要用frightened, 指“(人)害怕的”, 故D项正确。【思维延伸】
—You frighten the baby when you make that noise. Don’t do that!
—She’s not ______ . She knows I am playing with her.
A. frightening B. frightened
C. frighten D. fright
【解析】选B。句意: ——你弄出那些噪音会吓到宝宝的。别那样了! ——她没害怕。她知道我在逗她。frightening令人害怕的, 多用来修饰物; frightened害怕的, 用以说明人的感受, 符合句意。frighten是及物动词, 意为“使害怕”; fright是名词, 意为“害怕”。B项正确。3. be supposed to应该……, 应当……
【语境领悟】
*You weren’t supposed to come home until tomorrow!
你们应该明天才回家!
*What time will we be supposed to arrive there?
我们应该什么时候到达那里? 【名师点津】“应该”特殊用法
(1)be supposed to do sth. 表示按照约定、规则或义务“应当、理应”做某事, 相当于ought to或should。
(2)be supposed to have done sth. 本应该做某事(而实际上未做, 含有责备的语气)。
(3)be supposed to be被看作……*You were supposed to have informed him of the time for the meeting yesterday.
你本应该昨天就告诉他开会时间的。
*Mo Yan is supposed to be one of the greatest writers in the world.
莫言被看作是全世界最出名的作家之一。【即学活用】
①(2011·辽宁高考)What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You’re ______ to be asleep.
A. supposed B. known
C. thought D. considered
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析和固定搭配。句意: 汤姆, 你不在床上, 在做什么? 你早应该睡着了。be supposed to do sth. “被期望或被要求(按规则、惯例等)做某事”。B项“知道, 了解”; C项“认为”; D项“认为, 考虑”, 均不符合句意。②(2014·开封高一检测)—Why is the librarian looking so hard at me?
—You ______ to read aloud in the reading room.
A. are not supposed B. don’t suppose
C. haven’t supposed D. were not supposed
【解析】选A。考查动词的时态和语态。句意: ——图书管理员为什么那么严厉地看着我? ——你不应该在阅览室大声读书。be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事; 再由语境可知, 此处要用一般现在时态, 故A项正确。【思维延伸】
(2014·鹤岗高一检测)The train ______ arrive at 11: 30, but was an hour late.
A. was about to B. was likely to
C. was supposed to D. was certain to
【解析】选C。句意: 这列火车应该11: 30到站, 但是晚点一小时。be about to即将; be likely to可能; be supposed to do sth. 应该干某事; be certain to一定。4. bend vi. 弯腰, 屈身 vt. (使)弯曲
【语境领悟】
*The branch bent but didn’t break when the boy climbed along it. 那个男孩爬上树枝时, 树枝弯曲了, 但是没有折断。
*She bent down to pick up the wallet on the floor.
她弯腰捡起地上的钱包。【归纳拓展】
(1)bend over/down 弯腰; 屈身
(2)bent adj. 弯曲的
(3)bend还可以意为“屈从于; 致力于”, 常用结构为:
bend to 弯向; 屈从于
bend one’s attention on/be bent on 专心于; 致力于*The trees were all bent from the wind.
树全被风吹弯了。
*We refused to bend to his unreasonable demands.
我们拒绝屈从于他的无理要求。
*The little girl bends her attention on painting.
→The little girl is bent on painting.
那个小女孩专心画画。【巧学助记】 看“bend”如何“弯曲”【即学活用】完成句子。
①The road ________________(转向右方)after a few yards.
②He _________(致力于)studying literature.
③Most people _______(屈从于)fate, but I don’t. bends to the rightis bent onbend to5. starve vi. 挨饿; 饿死 vt. 使挨饿
【语境领悟】
*The money for dog food is gone, but Spot looks like he is starving!
用来买狗食的钱不见了, 可是小斑点看上去都饿坏了!
*The little girl saved the poor cat which was starving to death.
那个小女孩救了那只快要饿死的可怜的猫咪。
*The left-behind children starve for parents’ love.
留守儿童渴望父母的关爱。【归纳拓展】
(1)starve to death 饿死
starve for sth. 渴望得到某物
(2)starvation n. 挨饿; 饥饿
*After three days without food, the men were close to starvation. 三天没吃东西, 这些人都快饿死了。【思维延伸】表示“渴望”的结构还有:
be dying to do; be dying for; desire to do; have a desire to do; long for; long to do; hunger for; have a thirst for【即学活用】完成句子。
①Every Chinese ____________(渴望)realizing their China
Dream.
②It is shocking that the old lady with three sons ___________
______________(竟然饿死). is starving forshould havestarved to death③They would ______ if food was difficult to find, so they celebrated when they had food.
A. kill B. disappear
C. starve D. start
【解析】选C。句意: 如果食物难以找到的话他们就会挨饿, 因此有食物时他们就会庆祝。kill杀死; disappear消失; starve饿死; start开始。显然C项符合题意。6. tolerate vt. 容忍; 允许
【语境领悟】
*We won’t tolerate such behavior in our house!
在我们的家里不允许有这样的行为!
*He can’t tolerate washing dishes after every meal.
他受不了每顿饭后洗碗。
*No one can tolerate being treated like that.
没人能忍受受到那样的对待。【归纳拓展】
(1)tolerate doing sth. /being done 容忍做某事/被……
(2)表示“容忍, 忍受”的词(短语)还有: stand, bear, put up with等。
*I can’t tolerate/stand/bear/put up with such a rude person.
我受不了这么粗鲁的人。【即学活用】用所给单词的正确形式填空。
①She can’t tolerate ____________(laugh)at in public.
②He can’t tolerate _____ (do)the same work every day.
③Does the school tolerate ______ late very often?
A. their pupils to come
B. their pupils’coming
C. their pupils come
D. their pupils can come
【解析】选B。句意: 学校容许学生经常迟到吗? 根据“tolerate(one’s)doing sth. 容许(某人)做某事”可知B项正确。being laugheddoing【思维延伸】
(2014·宿迁高一检测)You should ______ on the road when you’re driving, or you will ask for trouble.
A. defend B. tolerate
C. concentrate D. struggle
【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意: 开车时你要把注意力集中在路上, 要不然你会遇到麻烦的。defend防御; tolerate忍受; concentrate集中(注意力); struggle努力。由句意可知C项正确。7. fault n. 过错, 错误
【语境领悟】
*Why is everything always my fault?
为什么凡事都是我的错?
*She is always finding fault with what I have done, which I can’t tolerate.
她总是对我所做的事吹毛求疵, 对此我无法忍受。
*Neither you nor your brother is at fault.
你和你的兄弟都没有错。
*It is your own fault to forget to attend the meeting.
忘了去开会是你自己的过错。【归纳拓展】
find fault with 挑……的毛病, 对……吹毛求疵
at fault 有责任, 出毛病
it is one’s own fault 那是某人自己的错【易混辨析】【即学活用】用fault, mistake或error填空。
①Please don’t be angry with me. It wasn’t my _____.
②This book contains a lot of printer’s ______.
③He took your bike by _______. faulterrorsmistake④(2014·株洲高一检测)He said that ______ was his fault to shout at me in the classroom.
A. there B. this C. that D. it
【解析】选D。考查固定句式。句意: 他说在教室里朝我大声吼是他的过错。it is one’s fault to do sth. 为固定句式, 意为“干某事是某人的过错”, it作形式主语, 真正的主语为后面的动词不定式, 故D项正确。【思维延伸】
①—I’m so sorry to have come late for the meeting.
— ______ With a rush-hour traffic and a heavy rain, it’s no wonder you were late.
A. What a pity! B. Turn to me for help.
C. Cheer up! D. It’s not your fault.
【解析】选D。句意: ——很抱歉我开会迟到了。——那不是你的错。遇到交通高峰时间又下大雨, 难怪你迟到了。What a pity! 真遗憾! Turn to me for help. 向我求助。Cheer up! 振作起来! It’s not your fault. 那不是你的错。显然D项符合题意。②(2014·淮安高一检测)I don’t understand why he ______ fault with me. I’ve done my best.
A. finds B. found
C. is always finding D. will find
【解析】选C。考查动词时态。句意: 我不理解他为什么老是挑我毛病。我已经尽力了。find fault with sb. 挑某人毛病, 对某人吹毛求疵, 为固定搭配; 并且此处是跟always连用, 用于进行时态, 表示不满、赞扬等语气, 此处是不满, 故C项正确。8. scene n. (戏剧的)一场; 场面; 景色
【语境领悟】
*I have watched Scene 5 of Home alone.
我看过《小鬼当家》的第五场。
*The scene of Wei Wei kissed the floor of the stage was very moving.
韦唯亲吻舞台地板的场景很感人。*Last weekend we went on an outing and enjoyed a wonderful countryside scene.
上周末我们去远足了, 领略了赏心悦目的乡村风光。
*I happened on the scene when the accident occurred.
事故发生时, 我碰巧在现场。【归纳拓展】
on the scene 在现场, 当场
behind the scenes 在幕后, 不公开地
*The meeting was held behind the scenes.
会议是秘密召开的。【易混辨析】【巧学助记】 赏析不同的“风景”【即学活用】用scene, sight或view填空。
①Seeing the happy _____ of some elderly dancing in the park,
I’m happy from the bottom of my heart.
②Seat yourself near the window and you will get a better
____ on the way.
③I watched until the train was out of _____. sceneviewsight④(2014·恩施高一检测)The happy ______ of children playing in the garden disappeared, and it was quiet again.
A. scene B. sign C. sight D. view
【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意: 孩子们在花园里玩的场面消失了, 它又归于平静。scene表示“有人活动的场面”, 符合句意。【思维延伸】
(2014·绍兴高一检测)There was a good ______ of the countryside from the front of the bus.
A. sight B. view
C. scene D. sign
【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意: 坐在公交车前面可以看到乡下的美景。前三个选项均表示“景色”, 但是由语境可知, 此处表示“从某一角度看到的景色”, 用view。sign意为“记号, 符号”。故B项正确。9. upset adj. 不高兴的, 失望的 vt. 使不高兴, 使失望; 打乱, 打翻
【语境领悟】
*She was upset about the news that she failed in the driving test again.
→She was upset that she failed in the driving test again.
→She was upset to hear that she failed in the driving test again.
→It upset her that she failed in the driving test again.
→It upset her to hear that she failed in the driving test again.
得知驾驶测试又没过关, 她很心烦。*You are not still upset with me, are you?
你不再生我的气了, 对吧?
*He upset the bottle of milk on the table.
他打翻了桌子上的牛奶瓶。
*The heavy rain upset our plan of the picnic.
大雨打乱了我们要野餐的计划。【归纳拓展】
(1)be/get upset about/at/over sth. 为某事难过/不高兴
be upset with sb. 生某人的气
be upset that. . . 对……感到不高兴
(2)It upset(s)sb. that. . . 让某人心烦的是……
It upset(s)sb. to do sth. 做某事使某人不快【巧学助记】 “心烦的”upset【即学活用】
①She refused to offer any help, which quite ______ all the people present.
A. ignored B. settled
C. upset D. suffered
【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意: 她拒绝提供任何帮助, 这令在场的所有人都很心烦。upset使心烦。ignore忽视, 不理睬; settle安定; suffer遭受。由句意可知C项正确。②Don’t ______ yourself about it—let’s just forget it ever happened.
A. respect B. upset
C. devote D. tolerate
【解析】选B。句意: 别为这事不高兴了——咱们就只当它没发生过。upset使不高兴, 符合句意。respect尊敬; devote致力于; tolerate忍受。【思维延伸】
—What’s the matter with Rod?
—I think he’s ______ that he couldn’t go to town with his dad.
A. excited B. loose
C. upset D. glad
【解析】选C。句意: ——Rod怎么了? ——我认为他是因为没能和他爸爸一起进城而不高兴。be upset that. . . 因……而不高兴。10. defend vt. 辩解, 辩白; 防御, 保护
【语境领悟】
*They never even gave me a chance to defend myself.
他们甚至从未给我辩解的机会。
*We will do all we can to defend our motherland from/against any possible enemy.
我们要尽全力保卫祖国, 防御任何进犯之敌。【归纳拓展】
(1)defend oneself 为自己辩护
defend. . . from/against. . . 保卫……免受……之苦
defend one’s deeds 为某人的行为辩解
(2)defence/defense n. 防御; 防卫; 辩护; 防御措施; 国防
in defence of 为了保卫……; 为……辩护
in one’s defence 为某人辩解*He stood up in defence of his own deeds.
他站起来为自己的行为辩解。
*The government has reduced its expense on defence.
政府已经减少了国防开支。【易混辨析】【思维延伸】
*It is impossible to defend against an all-out attack.
防御全面进攻是不可能的。
*All our officers are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks.
我们所有的警察都接受过自卫训练, 能够对付持刀袭击。
*We all respect the soldiers who died in defence of their country.
我们都敬重那些为保卫祖国而献身的战士。
*I have to say in her defence that she knew nothing about it.
我得为她说句话, 她并不知道此事。【即学活用】用defend, guard或protect的正确形式填空。
①You should first learn to _______ yourself when travelling in
the forest.
②The dog ________ the house and no one except its owner
could get in.
③Whenever at fault, she is always _________ herself, which
makes her schoolmates upset.
④We should wear sunglasses to _______ our eyes from being
harmed.
⑤How can you ______ such behavior? protectguardeddefendingprotectdefend11. anyhow adv. 反正; 尽管如此
【语境领悟】
*Anyhow, they didn’t trust me.
反正他们不信任我。
*Anyhow, let’s forget about that for the moment.
无论如何咱们暂时不要提那件事。
*They met with a series of difficulties on the way, but arrived on time, anyhow. 他们在途中遭遇了一系列的困难, 但是, 尽管如此, 他们还是按时到达了。【易混辨析】【即学活用】
①(2013·江西高考)What a terrible experience! ______ , you’re safe now—that’s the main thing.
A. Anyway B. Besides
C. Otherwise D. Therefore
【解析】选A。考查副词辨析。句意: 一次多么可怕的经历啊! 无论如何, 你现在安全了——那才是主要的事情。A项意为“无论如何, 不管怎么说”; B项意为“除此之外, 另外”; C项意为“否则, 要不然”; D项意为“因此”。②(2014·绍兴高一检测)—Timmy, it is raining hard. Shall we stop here?
— ______ , we must finish this work today.
A. However B. Therefore
C. Anyhow D. Besides
【解析】选C。考查副词词义辨析。句意: ——蒂米, 下大雨了。咱们就到这儿吧? ——无论如何我们今天都要完成这项工作。however然而; therefore因此; anyhow无论如何, 不管怎样; besides除此之外。由句意可知C项正确。【思维延伸】
用anyhow/anyway, somehow或者somewhat填空。
①Mary said that they had a feeling ________ that she would
lose the game.
②Sorry, I am afraid we have arrived _________ late.
③It may rain, but I shall go out ______________. somehowsomewhatanyhow/anyway12. deserve vt. 值得; 应得; 应受
【语境领悟】
*They don’t deserve an explanation.
他们不配得到解释。
*His suggestion deserves careful consideration.
他的建议值得仔细考虑。
*She deserved to get the prize.
她应该得到这个奖励。【归纳拓展】
deserve +n. 值得……; 该受……
deserve to do sth. 值得做某事; 应该做某事
deserve doing/to be done 值得被……【名师点津】
deserve doing=deserve to be done, 主动形式表示被动意义, 类似的还有: need doing=need to be done
require doing=require to be done
want doing=want to be done
*The house requires repairing/to be repaired.
这房子需要修了。【即学活用】完成句子。
①The athlete _____________(应该赢得)the game, for he has
been practising very much.
②He _______________________________(值得奖励)for what
he has done. deserves to windeserves rewarding/to be rewarded③(2014·绍兴高一检测)We all agree that the young boy’s brave act ______ the highest praise.
A. reserves B. deserves
C. survives D. serves
【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意: 我们都认为这个年轻男孩的英勇行为该受到高度赞扬。reserve保留, 预订; deserve应得, 应受; survive幸免于难; serve服务。由句意可知B项正确。④(2014·南昌高一检测)—The film deserves ______ a second time.
—Sorry, I can’t follow you clearly.
—I said that the film was worth ______ again.
A. seeing; seeing B. seeing; of being seen
C. to be seen; being seen D. to be seen; to be seen
【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意: ——这部电影值得再看一次。——抱歉, 我没听清你说的。——我说这部电影值得再看一次。deserve doing值得被……, be worth doing值得被……, 均为主动形式表示被动意义, 故A项正确。13. be hard on 对……苛刻, 对……严厉
【语境领悟】
*Do you think we were too hard on Daniel?
你觉不觉得我们对丹尼尔太苛刻了呢?
*You shouldn’t have been so hard on your daughter.
你不应该对你女儿这么严厉。【归纳拓展】
be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格
push sb. hard 对某人要求高
*Our English teacher is strict with us in our study.
我们的英语老师对我们的学习要求严格。
*We should not push our students too hard.
我们不应对学生要求过高。【即学活用】完成句子。
①My parents ______________(对……太严厉)me.
②Our manager ________________________(在我们的工作中
对我们要求严格).
③Don’t _______________(对我要求太高). I just want to be
myself. are too hard onis strict with us in our workpush me too hard14. now that既然; 由于
【语境领悟】
*Now that you are given such a good chance, you should make good use of it. 既然被给予这么好的机会, 你应该好好利用。
*Now (that) I’ve got a lot of things to deal with, can you take my place at the meeting?
我有许多事情得处理, 你能代替我参加会议吗? 【名师点津】
now that“既然”, 引导原因状语从句, 同since, 但语气较弱, 强调人们已知的事实, 有时that可以省略。【思维延伸】
引导原因状语从句的连词
引导原因状语从句的连词除了now that之外还有: because, since, as, in that, for等。其中for为并列连词, 连接并列句, 表示推断的原因, 或对前一分句补充说明理由, 不能放于句首。
*It must be morning for the birds are singing.
一定是清晨了, 因为鸟儿在叫。
*Since/Now that/As you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.
既然你回答不出这个问题, 我就问别人了。【即学活用】
①(2014·宿迁高一检测) ______ you have finished your work, you ought to have a good rest.
A. For B. What if
C. Even when D. Now that
【解析】选D。考查连词。句意: 既然你已经完成工作了, 你就应该好好休息一下。now that既然, 符合句意。②(2014·贵阳高一检测) ______ you are alone at home, why don’t you go with us to the party?
A. Even though B. As though
C. So that D. Now that
【解析】选D。考查连词。句意: 既然你自己在家, 为什么不跟我们一起去参加宴会呢? even though“即使”, 引导让步状语从句; as though“好像, 仿佛”, 引导方式状语从句; so that“结果”, 引导目的或者结果状语从句; now that“既然”, 引导原因状语从句。由语境可知D项正确。15. Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier than expected.
爸爸妈妈外出度假, 比预计的时间提前一天回到家中。
【句式分析】
本句为一个复合句。than expected为状语从句的省略, 其完整的形式为than they were expected。
*The English exam is more difficult than it was expected.
英语考试比预料的要难。
*She has completed her composition earlier than (she was) expected. 她比预料的提前完成了作文。【名师点津】详析状语从句的省略
含有when, while, if, unless, though, once, than等引导的时间、条件、让步以及比较状语从句的复合句中, 若主从句主语一致(或者从句主语是it), 且从句谓语含有be动词时, 可以将从句主语和be动词一起省略, 从而构成句式: 连词(when, while, if, unless, though, once, than. . . )+非谓语动词。
*You should defend yourself if (you are) attacked.
当受到攻击时你应该自卫。
*You can’t be too careful when (you are) crossing the street.
你过马路时一定要小心。【即学活用】
①(2013·江西高考)If ______ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
A. asked B. to ask
C. asking D. having asked
【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意: 如果你被要求照看别人的行李, 立刻通知警察。后面的主句是祈使句, 句首省略了you, 主语you和ask存在被动关系; 从句的if后面省略了you are。②(2013·浙江高考)There are some health problems that, when ______ in time, can become bigger ones later on.
A. not treated B. not being treated
C. not to be treated D. not having been treated
【解析】选A。考查状语从句的省略。句意: 有些健康问题, 如果不及时治疗, 日后会变成大问题。that引导problems的定语从句; when引导定语从句中的时间状语从句, 补全为when they are not treated in time, 定语从句的主语that代指problems, 与when从句的主语相同, 符合状语从句省略的条件, 所以省略了主语they与助动词are。故选A。【思维延伸】
(2013·福建高考)Anyone, once ______ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.
A. to be tested B. being tested
C. tested D. to test
【解析】选C。考查状语从句的省略。句意: 任何一个人一旦被检测到携带阳性H7N9流感病毒, 将会接受来自我们政府的免费治疗。若主句主语与状语从句的主语一致, 状语从句中又含有系动词be, 则可省略状语从句的主语和系动词, 该从句补充完整为once anyone is tested. . . , 故选C。16. Eric runs in after it, followed by a big dog, walking very slowly.
埃里克跑进起居室追足球, 身后跟着一条大狗, 走路慢吞吞地。
【句式分析】
(1)这是一个简单句, 其中followed by是过去分词短语作状语, 表示伴随情况, 过去分词followed表明主语Eric与follow之间为被动关系。(2)walking very slowly为现在分词短语作定语, 修饰a big dog, a big dog是walk这个动作的执行者。
*The class teacher walked into the lecture hall, followed by his students.
班主任走进报告厅, 后面跟着他的学生。【名师点津】用doing还是done作状语?
分词作状语时, 用现在分词还是过去分词, 关键看主句的主语和分词之间的逻辑关系。如果分词的动作是主句的主语发出, 就用现在分词; 如果主句的主语是作分词的宾语, 则用过去分词。
*Seen from the top of the hill, the village is very small.
从山的顶部看, 村庄很小。
*Seeing from the top of the hill, we can see a beautiful lake.
从山的顶部看, 我们可以看见一个漂亮的湖。【即学活用】
①The film star hurried up to her car, ______ by her fans.
A. to follow B. follow
C. followed D. following
【解析】选C。句意: 那个电影明星匆忙走向自己的车, 后面跟着她的粉丝。明星是“被跟”, 所以应该用过去分词作伴随状语。②He glanced over at her, ______ that though she was very angry, she forced a smile.
A. noting B. noted
C. to note D. having noted
【解析】选A。句意: 他瞟了她一眼, 发现她尽管很生气却勉强地笑了笑。因为he与note是主谓关系, 且note与谓语动词glanced的动作同时发生, 所以用现在分词的一般式作伴随状语。17. The room is in a mess, with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.
房间一片杂乱, 地上有比萨盒, 洗碗池里有脏盘子。
【句式分析】
本句为一个简单句。with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink为“with+宾语+介词短语”构成的with复合结构, 在句中作状语。
*Our teacher came in with a big smile on his face.
我们老师面带着大大的微笑走了进来。
*He left the room with the light on.
他开着灯离开了房间。*She likes to sleep with the windows closed.
她喜欢关着窗户睡觉。
*We found the house easily with the little boy leading the way.
有这个小男孩带路, 我们很容易就找到了房子。
*With so many problems to settle, the manager seems to be worried. 有这么多问题要处理, 经理看起来很着急。【名师点津】with复合结构的注意事项
(1)with复合结构中, 宾语补足语为形容词、副词和介词短语时, 通常表示宾语的特征、性质等;
(2)宾语补足语为现在分词时, 表示宾语与宾语补足语所表示的动作之间为主动关系;
(3)宾语补足语为过去分词时, 表示宾语与宾语补足语所表示的动作之间为动宾关系;
(4)宾语补足语为不定式时, 往往表示动作还没有发生。【即学活用】完成句子。
①诗人的房间里一片凌乱, 地上有许多书, 椅子上有些脏衣
服。
The poet’s room was in a mess, _________________________
______________________________.
②随着岁月的流逝, 你会变老, 变得睿智。
_________________, you will get old and wise. with many books on the floorand some dirty clothes on the chairWith time going on③(2014·福州高一检测)It is impolite to sit there with your feet ______ at somebody.
A. pointing B. pointed
C. being pointed D. point
【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意: 坐在那里用脚指着别人是不礼貌的。分析句子结构可知, 此处是with复合结构, 宾语your feet与point之间为主谓关系, 故要用现在分词作宾语补足语, A项正确。【思维延伸】
Alex was listening carefully to the lecture given by Professor Smith, with all his attention ______ it.
A. fixing on B. fixed on
C. to fix on D. fix on
【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意: Alex正认真地听着史密斯教授的演讲, 他所有的注意力都集中于此。fix. . . on. . . 把……固定于……上。在with复合结构中, 宾语all his attention与动词短语fix. . . on有逻辑上的动宾关系, 故选B项。18. Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset. 丹尼尔双臂交叉, 看上去不高兴。
【句式分析】
(1)本句为一个简单句, and连接并列谓语动词。
(2)has his arms crossed为“have+宾语+过去分词”构成的复合结构, 宾语his arms与cross之间为动宾关系。
*You’d better have the old furniture moved out of the room.
你最好把这些旧家具从房间里搬出去。
*I’ll have my bike repaired tomorrow. 明天我要请人修自行车。【归纳拓展】
(1)have sth. done使宾语被……; 主语蒙受……损失(宾语与宾语补足语之间为动宾关系)
(2)have sb. do sth. 让某人干某事(宾语与宾语补足语之间为主谓关系)(3)have sb. doing sth. 让某人一直干某事; 听任某人干某事(宾语与宾语补足语之间为主谓关系)
*He has his wallet stolen on the bus yesterday.
他昨天在公交车上钱包被偷了。
*I’d like to have my son go camping with me this weekend.
本周末我想要儿子和我一起去野营。
*I won’t have you getting away with cheating people like that.
我不会听任你欺骗了人而不受惩罚的。【名师点津】
have常作“有”讲, 用于结构: have sth. to do, 动词不定式作定语。
*We have a lot of things to tolerate in our daily life.
我们在日常生活中有许多必须要忍受的事。【即学活用】用所给动词的适当形式填空。
①Who would you rather have ______ (repair)your computer?
②She was disappointed to see the computer she had just got
________ (repair)went wrong again.
③I’ve got nobody ______(help)me. Can you lend me a hand? repairrepairedto help④You’d better have your room ______ . It’s in a mess.
A. clean B. cleaned C. to clean D. cleaning
【解析】选B。考查have的用法。句意: 你最好打扫一下你的房间。房间里乱七八糟的。clean与room为动宾关系, 故用have sth. done结构。have your room cleaned表示“打扫房间”。【思维延伸】
(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)They might just have a place ______ on the writing course—why don’t you give it a try?
A. leave B. left
C. leaving D. to leave
【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意: 他们写作课上可能只剩下一个名额, 你为什么不去碰碰运气呢? leave在此处表示“剩下”, 和被修饰词place之间是被动关系, 所以用过去分词。left经常作后置定语, 表示“剩下的”。【要点拾遗】
1. act n. (戏剧的)一幕; 行为; 举动 v. 演出, 扮演, 表现
【语境领悟】
*I saw Act 1, Scene 1 of Growing Pains last night, which is very interesting.
昨天晚上我看了《成长的烦恼》第一幕的第一场, 很有趣。
*On seeing his funny acts, I couldn’t help laughing.
看到他滑稽的举动, 我禁不住笑了起来。*She acts as manager of the sales department.
她担任销售部经理。
*Can you act out the feeling of sorrow in body language?
你能用体态语言把痛苦的感觉表现出来吗? 【归纳拓展】
(1)act as 充当; 担任
act out 演出来
(2)action n. 行动
take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事
(3)active adj. 积极的
be active in(doing)sth. 积极做某事
(4)actor n. 男演员
actress n. 女演员*The firefighters took action immediately to stop the fire from spreading. 消防队员立即采取了行动制止大火的蔓延。
*As a young man, he was active in politics in his spare time.
年轻时, 他业余时间里积极参加政治活动。 【即学活用】用act的正确形式填空。
①Have you seen the film“Titanic”, whose leading
___________ is world-famous?
②I insist that you should take immediate ______ to solve the problem.
③Mary Lennon, a 90-year-old silent movie ______, won an
award in the 1930s. She said she was glad to make progress in
______ movies.
④Mr. Li, ______ as headmaster of our school, is respected by all of us.
⑤She takes an ______ part in school life. actor/actressactionactressactingactingactive2. sink n. 水池, 水槽, 洗碗池 vi. (sank, sunk)下沉, 沉没
【语境领悟】
*The bathroom is furnished with 2 toilets, 2 showers, and 2 sinks. 卫生间里装了两个抽水马桶、两个淋浴器和两个洗脸盆。
*The sun sinks in the west. 太阳西下。
*The scene in which the ship sank was very horrible.
船只沉没的那一幕很恐怖。
*When hearing the bad news, his heart sank suddenly.
听到那个坏消息, 他的心突地一沉。【巧学助记】 载有“水槽”的大船“下沉”了【即学活用】完成句子。
①众所周知, 木头在水中不下沉, 而是漂浮在水中。
As is known to all, wood ____________________ in the water.
②水槽里堆满了脏盘子。
__________________________
③他们注视着太阳西沉。
They watched _____________ in the west. does not sink but floatsThe sink is full of dirty dishes.the sun sinking3. explanation n. 解释, 说明
【语境领悟】
*She gave a full explanation for her being late this morning.
她详细解释了她今天上午迟到的理由。
*I can’t think of any possible explanation for his absence.
我想不出他缺席的任何可能的理由。
*What did Jack say in explanation of his lateness?
对他的迟到杰克说了什么辩解的话? 【归纳拓展】
(1)explanation for(doing)sth. (做)某事的理由、原因
in explanation of 解释; 辩解
(2)explain v. 解释; 说明
explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事
explain oneself 为自己的行为解释, 把自己的意思解释清楚
explain(to sb. )that. . . (向某人)解释……*They sent us a letter to explain the delay.
他们给我们写了一封信解释为什么耽搁了。
*Can you explain why to do it like that?
你能解释为什么那样做吗?
*She explained to us that the reason why she was hard on her son was that he formed some bad habits. 她向我们解释她对儿子严格要求的原因是他养成了一些坏习惯。【即学活用】完成句子。
①你有什么话要为自己的行为辩解吗?
Do you have anything to say _______________your act?
②当被问及为什么没出席会议时, 他做不出令人满意的解
释。
When asked why he was absent from the meeting, he couldn’t
come up with _____________________. in explanation ofa satisfying explanation③He has explained ______ us the reason ______ being late.
A. /; for B. /; of C. to; for D. to; of
【解析】选C。考查explain的用法。句意: 他已经向我们解释了他迟到的原因。“向某人解释某事”用explain sth. to sb. 或explain to sb. sth. 表达; “……的原因”用the reason for sth. 表达。【思维延伸】
①(2014·厦门高一检测)—The girl caught a bad cold yesterday.
—Does that ______ her being late for school?
A. account for B. deal with
C. explain to D. care for
【解析】选A。考查动词短语。句意: ——昨天那个女孩得了重感冒。——那是她上学迟到的原因吗? account for解释……的原因; deal with处理; explain to向……解释; care for喜欢, 关爱。由句意可知A项正确。②(2014·大庆高一检测)Please read the ______ on the bottle and take the right amount of medicine.
A. explanations B. introductions
C. instructions D. descriptions
【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意: 请阅读瓶子上的使用说明, 并服用正确的剂量。A解释; B介绍; C使用说明; D描述; 名词instruction的复数形式instructions表示“使用说明”; 故C项正确。4. do with处理, 处置
【语境领悟】
*Can you tell me what to do with the present situation?
你能告诉我怎样处理目前的形势吗?
*What did the boy do with the money he discovered in the street? 那个小男孩是如何处理他在街上捡的钱的? 【归纳拓展】
do without. . . 没有……也行, 对付过去
deal with 处理, 应付, 涉及
*If they can’t get it to us in time, we’ll just have to do without. 如果他们不能及时给我们拿来, 我们就只好将就了。
*She is used to dealing with all kinds of people in her job.
她已习惯于在工作中与各种各样的人打交道。【易混辨析】*What did you do with yourself during the summer holidays?
暑假你是怎样度过的?
*I don’t know how to deal with the problem.
我不知道怎样处理这个问题。【即学活用】用do或deal的正确形式填空。
①I was wondering what the police ___ with the little girl who
stole money.
②You should learn how to ____ with this kind of person. diddeal③He isn’t a man who knows ______ to deal with people properly, but he does know ______ to do with all kinds of papers in front of him.
A. what; what B. what; how
C. how; what D. how; how
【解析】选C。句意: 他不是一个知道该如何跟人融洽相处的人, 但他却确实知道该怎样处理他面前的各种各样的文件。do with与what连用, 而deal with与how连用, 故C项正确。Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. The first _____ (场景)of the play is the king’s palace.
2. The poor boy is ________ (渴望)for knowledge.
3. We are supposed to ______ (防卫)ourselves whenever there
is danger.
4. When hearing the knock at the door at midnight, he was
too _________ (害怕的)to open it.
5. His rudeness and coldness is hard to _______ (容忍, 忍受). scenestarvingdefendfrightenedtolerate6. He is too particular about food and always finding _____ (毛
病)with his wife’s cooking.
7. His bad ________ (行为, 举止)at the party last night made
his father disappointed.
8. We deserve a full ___________ (解释)for your being absent.
9. What _____ (使烦恼)us was that the sports meeting was
called off.
10. It rained heavily and our car broke down half, but we
arrived there ______________ (无论如何, 不管怎样). faultbehaviorexplanationupsetanyhow/anywayⅡ. 选词填空
be supposed to; can’t wait to; be hard on; be rude to; do with;
in defence of; in a mess; find fault with; now that; on the
scene
1. We ___________ know the news who won the game.
2. You can hardly imagine such a gentleman should ___ so
_______ a lady.
3. I’m at a loss what _________ the goods.
4. The lawyer showed some evidence ___________ the girl.
5. As a teacher, I must __________ the students when they
break the rules. can’t wait toberude toto do within defence ofbe hard on6. You should find the persons ___________for more
information.
7. The girl is attractive, but her room is ________.
8. You _______________ have handed in your composition
yesterday.
9. You should not always _____________people around you.
10. ________ everyone is here, we can start our party. on the scenein a messwere supposed tofind fault withNow that
Welcome to the unit & Reading1. 根据音标和词义写出下列单词。
(1) _____(vi. )弯腰, 屈身 (vt. )(使)弯曲
(2) ______(vi. )挨饿; 饿死 (vt. )使挨饿
(3) ____(n. )水池, 水槽; 洗碗池 (vi. )下沉, 沉没
(4) _______(vt. )容许; 承认; 忍受; 容忍
(5) ________(n. )(13～19岁的)青少年bendstarvesinktolerateteenager(6) _____(n. )过错, 错误
(7) _____(n. )(戏剧的)一场; 场面; 景色
(8) _____(adj. )不高兴的, 失望的
(vt. )使不高兴, 使失望
(9) _______(adv. )反正; 尽管如此
(10) _______(vt. )值得; 应得; 应受faultsceneupsetanyhowdeserve2. 用所给单词的不同形式填空。
(1)She was too _________ to move when seeing the __________
scene. (frighten)
(2)Some people are ________ to death and many of them have
died of _________ since the beginning of the year. (starve)
(3)He didn’t _______ himself at the party yesterday, so his
father told him to mind his ________. (behave)
(4)He tried to ______ himself at the court while the other side
showed some evidence in _______ of themselves. (defend)
(5)The question is beyond ___________. Though I _________ to
him many times, he still couldn’t understand it. (explain)frightenedfrighteningstarvingstarvationbehavebehaviordefenddefenceexplanationexplained3. 根据语境猜测黑体短语的含义。
(1)I can’t wait to know the results of the test.
( )
(2)You were supposed to have finished your homework by 5
o’clock yesterday. ( )
(3)You shouldn’t be too hard on him. After all, he is only a
child. ( )
(4)Now that you are given the chance, why not make good use
of it? ( )
(5)I’d like to speak to whoever is in charge. ( )迫不及待地做某事应该……, 应当……对……苛刻, 对……严厉既然负责, 主管4. 根据汉语提示写出相应的短语。
(1)He __________his parents, which astonished all the people
present. (对……无礼, 对……粗鲁)
(2)He promised to help me but didn’t _______. (出现)
(3)When I got home, I found my house ________. (一团糟)
(4)The light ________suddenly and I didn’t know why.
(灯熄灭)
(5)No one knows for sure what to _______this tough problem.
(处理)was rude toturn upin a messwent outdo with1. 速读文章并选出最佳答案。
(1)The passage is mainly about ______ .
A. how the family manage to be on good terms
B. why the room is in a mess
C. why there is a misunderstanding between the parents and sons
D. what happens to Daniel and Eric after their parents get home(2)Which of the following is the cause of the quarrel?
A. Spot was seriously ill.
B. The couple return earlier than expected.
C. The boys play football all day long.
D. The brothers’ laziness(懒惰). (3)Eric says hello to his parents in a frightened voice because ______ .
A. Dad often punishes him
B. he is afraid that Dad will see the messy room and punish him
C. Dad will beat him and his brother
D. he is always timid(胆小的)(4)From the passage, we can infer(推断)that ______ .
A. children often hate their parents
B. parents often hate their parents
C. children and parents often hate each other
D. parents and children should explain to each other when some misunderstanding(误解)occurs(5)What would probably happen in the following act?
A. Dad and Daniel will quarrel again.
B. Mom and Eric will help Dad and Daniel to get rid of the misunderstanding.
C. Eric will not play football any longer.
D. Daniel will desert(抛弃)the dog. 2. 细读文章并完成空格。
Home aloneScenelivingSceneexpectedmesstiredshoutstolerateshutsexplaindeserve3. 复读文章回答问题。
If you are being misunderstood by your parents, what should
you do?
____________________________________________________
________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
____________I’ll forgive my parents and tell them what has happened andsurely they will understand me. Do remembercommunicating is the best way to strengthen our relationshipwith parents.1. can’t wait to do something 迫不及待地做某事
【语境领悟】
*Yes, I can’t wait to surprise the boys!
是的, 我迫不及待地想给孩子们一个惊喜!
*I can’t wait to tell him the good news.
我迫不及待地告诉他那个好消息。
*The old man can’t wait to build a new house.
这位老人迫不及待地建一座新房子。【归纳拓展】
can’t wait for sth. 对某事迫不及待
can’t wait for sb. to do sth. 迫不及待某人做某事
*The teenagers can’t wait for the coming soccer match.
这些青少年们对于即将到来的足球比赛迫不及待。
*I can’t wait for my daughter to come back from abroad.
我迫不及待地盼女儿回国。【即学活用】完成句子。
①我迫不及待地想和你分享这次令人愉快的经历。
I ________________ the enjoyable experience with you.
②观众对黄渤的演出迫不及待。
The audience ____________ Huang Bo’s performance.
③我女儿迫不及待地等我给她买生日礼物。
My daughter _____________________ her a birthday gift. can’t wait to sharecan’t wait forcan’t wait for me to buy【思维延伸】
When they knew there was a panda in the zoo, the children could ______ wait to see it.
A. almost B. nearly C. hard D. hardly
【解析】选D。句意: 当孩子们知道动物园里有只熊猫时, 他们迫不及待地想去看看。can hardly wait to do sth. =can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事。2. frightened adj. 受惊的; 害怕的
【语境领悟】
*He sounded frightened when hearing his parents enter the house. 听到父母进了家门, 他听起来很害怕。
*She is frightened of flying, so she was frightened to go on board the plane just now.
她害怕坐飞机, 因此, 她刚才不敢登机。
*She was frightened to death when seeing the terrible accident.
看到那可怕的事故场面, 她吓得要死。【归纳拓展】
(1)be frightened of doing sth. 害怕做某事(表示习惯)
be frightened to do sth. 不敢去做某事
be frightened to death 吓得要死
be frightened that. . . 害怕……
(2)frighten vt. 使惊吓; 使惊恐
frightening adj. 令人害怕的*She was frightened that the plane would crash.
她害怕飞机会坠毁。
*It’s frightening to think it could happen again.
想到此事可能再发生就使人不寒而栗。【名师点津】
frightened修饰人、人的声音、表情等; frightening修饰物, 指“令人害怕的……”。【巧学助记】 勿“害怕”frightened
The boy was frightened to death at the frightening fish. (The frightening fish almost frightened the boy. )
看到这条吓人的鱼, 这个男孩吓得要死。【即学活用】用frighten的正确形式填空。
①He was _________ at the __________ news.
②What _________ us was that two of our students were lost
in the forest.
③From her _________ voice, we know she must be _________
by the __________ fire. frightenedfrighteningfrightenedfrightenedfrightenedfrightening④(2014·石家庄高一检测)When he heard the ______ newsthat an earthquake occurred in Sichuan again, he felt very ______ .
A. frightened; frightened
B. frightened; frightening
C. frightening; frightening
D. frightening; frightened
【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。句意: 当听到四川又发生地震的令人害怕的消息时, 他觉得非常害怕。第一个空修饰news要用frightening, 指“令人害怕的消息”, 而第二个空修饰主语he, 要用frightened, 指“(人)害怕的”, 故D项正确。【思维延伸】
—You frighten the baby when you make that noise. Don’t do that!
—She’s not ______ . She knows I am playing with her.
A. frightening B. frightened
C. frighten D. fright
【解析】选B。句意: ——你弄出那些噪音会吓到宝宝的。别那样了! ——她没害怕。她知道我在逗她。frightening令人害怕的, 多用来修饰物; frightened害怕的, 用以说明人的感受, 符合句意。frighten是及物动词, 意为“使害怕”; fright是名词, 意为“害怕”。B项正确。3. be supposed to应该……, 应当……
【语境领悟】
*You weren’t supposed to come home until tomorrow!
你们应该明天才回家!
*What time will we be supposed to arrive there?
我们应该什么时候到达那里? 【名师点津】“应该”特殊用法
(1)be supposed to do sth. 表示按照约定、规则或义务“应当、理应”做某事, 相当于ought to或should。
(2)be supposed to have done sth. 本应该做某事(而实际上未做, 含有责备的语气)。
(3)be supposed to be被看作……*You were supposed to have informed him of the time for the meeting yesterday.
你本应该昨天就告诉他开会时间的。
*Mo Yan is supposed to be one of the greatest writers in the world.
莫言被看作是全世界最出名的作家之一。【即学活用】
①(2011·辽宁高考)What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You’re ______ to be asleep.
A. supposed B. known
C. thought D. considered
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析和固定搭配。句意: 汤姆, 你不在床上, 在做什么? 你早应该睡着了。be supposed to do sth. “被期望或被要求(按规则、惯例等)做某事”。B项“知道, 了解”; C项“认为”; D项“认为, 考虑”, 均不符合句意。②(2014·开封高一检测)—Why is the librarian looking so hard at me?
—You ______ to read aloud in the reading room.
A. are not supposed B. don’t suppose
C. haven’t supposed D. were not supposed
【解析】选A。考查动词的时态和语态。句意: ——图书管理员为什么那么严厉地看着我? ——你不应该在阅览室大声读书。be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事; 再由语境可知, 此处要用一般现在时态, 故A项正确。【思维延伸】
(2014·鹤岗高一检测)The train ______ arrive at 11: 30, but was an hour late.
A. was about to B. was likely to
C. was supposed to D. was certain to
【解析】选C。句意: 这列火车应该11: 30到站, 但是晚点一小时。be about to即将; be likely to可能; be supposed to do sth. 应该干某事; be certain to一定。4. bend vi. 弯腰, 屈身 vt. (使)弯曲
【语境领悟】
*The branch bent but didn’t break when the boy climbed along it. 那个男孩爬上树枝时, 树枝弯曲了, 但是没有折断。
*She bent down to pick up the wallet on the floor.
她弯腰捡起地上的钱包。【归纳拓展】
(1)bend over/down 弯腰; 屈身
(2)bent adj. 弯曲的
(3)bend还可以意为“屈从于; 致力于”, 常用结构为:
bend to 弯向; 屈从于
bend one’s attention on/be bent on 专心于; 致力于*The trees were all bent from the wind.
树全被风吹弯了。
*We refused to bend to his unreasonable demands.
我们拒绝屈从于他的无理要求。
*The little girl bends her attention on painting.
→The little girl is bent on painting.
那个小女孩专心画画。【巧学助记】 看“bend”如何“弯曲”【即学活用】完成句子。
①The road ________________(转向右方)after a few yards.
②He _________(致力于)studying literature.
③Most people _______(屈从于)fate, but I don’t. bends to the rightis bent onbend to5. starve vi. 挨饿; 饿死 vt. 使挨饿
【语境领悟】
*The money for dog food is gone, but Spot looks like he is starving!
用来买狗食的钱不见了, 可是小斑点看上去都饿坏了!
*The little girl saved the poor cat which was starving to death.
那个小女孩救了那只快要饿死的可怜的猫咪。
*The left-behind children starve for parents’ love.
留守儿童渴望父母的关爱。【归纳拓展】
(1)starve to death 饿死
starve for sth. 渴望得到某物
(2)starvation n. 挨饿; 饥饿
*After three days without food, the men were close to starvation. 三天没吃东西, 这些人都快饿死了。【思维延伸】表示“渴望”的结构还有:
be dying to do; be dying for; desire to do; have a desire to do; long for; long to do; hunger for; have a thirst for【即学活用】完成句子。
①Every Chinese ____________(渴望)realizing their China
Dream.
②It is shocking that the old lady with three sons ___________
______________(竟然饿死). is starving forshould havestarved to death③They would ______ if food was difficult to find, so they celebrated when they had food.
A. kill B. disappear
C. starve D. start
【解析】选C。句意: 如果食物难以找到的话他们就会挨饿, 因此有食物时他们就会庆祝。kill杀死; disappear消失; starve饿死; start开始。显然C项符合题意。6. tolerate vt. 容忍; 允许
【语境领悟】
*We won’t tolerate such behavior in our house!
在我们的家里不允许有这样的行为!
*He can’t tolerate washing dishes after every meal.
他受不了每顿饭后洗碗。
*No one can tolerate being treated like that.
没人能忍受受到那样的对待。【归纳拓展】
(1)tolerate doing sth. /being done 容忍做某事/被……
(2)表示“容忍, 忍受”的词(短语)还有: stand, bear, put up with等。
*I can’t tolerate/stand/bear/put up with such a rude person.
我受不了这么粗鲁的人。【即学活用】用所给单词的正确形式填空。
①She can’t tolerate ____________(laugh)at in public.
②He can’t tolerate _____ (do)the same work every day.
③Does the school tolerate ______ late very often?
A. their pupils to come
B. their pupils’coming
C. their pupils come
D. their pupils can come
【解析】选B。句意: 学校容许学生经常迟到吗? 根据“tolerate(one’s)doing sth. 容许(某人)做某事”可知B项正确。being laugheddoing【思维延伸】
(2014·宿迁高一检测)You should ______ on the road when you’re driving, or you will ask for trouble.
A. defend B. tolerate
C. concentrate D. struggle
【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意: 开车时你要把注意力集中在路上, 要不然你会遇到麻烦的。defend防御; tolerate忍受; concentrate集中(注意力); struggle努力。由句意可知C项正确。7. fault n. 过错, 错误
【语境领悟】
*Why is everything always my fault?
为什么凡事都是我的错?
*She is always finding fault with what I have done, which I can’t tolerate.
她总是对我所做的事吹毛求疵, 对此我无法忍受。
*Neither you nor your brother is at fault.
你和你的兄弟都没有错。
*It is your own fault to forget to attend the meeting.
忘了去开会是你自己的过错。【归纳拓展】
find fault with 挑……的毛病, 对……吹毛求疵
at fault 有责任, 出毛病
it is one’s own fault 那是某人自己的错【易混辨析】【即学活用】用fault, mistake或error填空。
①Please don’t be angry with me. It wasn’t my _____.
②This book contains a lot of printer’s ______.
③He took your bike by _______. faulterrorsmistake④(2014·株洲高一检测)He said that ______ was his fault to shout at me in the classroom.
A. there B. this C. that D. it
【解析】选D。考查固定句式。句意: 他说在教室里朝我大声吼是他的过错。it is one’s fault to do sth. 为固定句式, 意为“干某事是某人的过错”, it作形式主语, 真正的主语为后面的动词不定式, 故D项正确。【思维延伸】
①—I’m so sorry to have come late for the meeting.
— ______ With a rush-hour traffic and a heavy rain, it’s no wonder you were late.
A. What a pity! B. Turn to me for help.
C. Cheer up! D. It’s not your fault.
【解析】选D。句意: ——很抱歉我开会迟到了。——那不是你的错。遇到交通高峰时间又下大雨, 难怪你迟到了。What a pity! 真遗憾! Turn to me for help. 向我求助。Cheer up! 振作起来! It’s not your fault. 那不是你的错。显然D项符合题意。②(2014·淮安高一检测)I don’t understand why he ______ fault with me. I’ve done my best.
A. finds B. found
C. is always finding D. will find
【解析】选C。考查动词时态。句意: 我不理解他为什么老是挑我毛病。我已经尽力了。find fault with sb. 挑某人毛病, 对某人吹毛求疵, 为固定搭配; 并且此处是跟always连用, 用于进行时态, 表示不满、赞扬等语气, 此处是不满, 故C项正确。8. scene n. (戏剧的)一场; 场面; 景色
【语境领悟】
*I have watched Scene 5 of Home alone.
我看过《小鬼当家》的第五场。
*The scene of Wei Wei kissed the floor of the stage was very moving.
韦唯亲吻舞台地板的场景很感人。*Last weekend we went on an outing and enjoyed a wonderful countryside scene.
上周末我们去远足了, 领略了赏心悦目的乡村风光。
*I happened on the scene when the accident occurred.
事故发生时, 我碰巧在现场。【归纳拓展】
on the scene 在现场, 当场
behind the scenes 在幕后, 不公开地
*The meeting was held behind the scenes.
会议是秘密召开的。【易混辨析】【巧学助记】 赏析不同的“风景”【即学活用】用scene, sight或view填空。
①Seeing the happy _____ of some elderly dancing in the park,
I’m happy from the bottom of my heart.
②Seat yourself near the window and you will get a better
____ on the way.
③I watched until the train was out of _____. sceneviewsight④(2014·恩施高一检测)The happy ______ of children playing in the garden disappeared, and it was quiet again.
A. scene B. sign C. sight D. view
【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意: 孩子们在花园里玩的场面消失了, 它又归于平静。scene表示“有人活动的场面”, 符合句意。【思维延伸】
(2014·绍兴高一检测)There was a good ______ of the countryside from the front of the bus.
A. sight B. view
C. scene D. sign
【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意: 坐在公交车前面可以看到乡下的美景。前三个选项均表示“景色”, 但是由语境可知, 此处表示“从某一角度看到的景色”, 用view。sign意为“记号, 符号”。故B项正确。9. upset adj. 不高兴的, 失望的 vt. 使不高兴, 使失望; 打乱, 打翻
【语境领悟】
*She was upset about the news that she failed in the driving test again.
→She was upset that she failed in the driving test again.
→She was upset to hear that she failed in the driving test again.
→It upset her that she failed in the driving test again.
→It upset her to hear that she failed in the driving test again.
得知驾驶测试又没过关, 她很心烦。*You are not still upset with me, are you?
你不再生我的气了, 对吧?
*He upset the bottle of milk on the table.
他打翻了桌子上的牛奶瓶。
*The heavy rain upset our plan of the picnic.
大雨打乱了我们要野餐的计划。【归纳拓展】
(1)be/get upset about/at/over sth. 为某事难过/不高兴
be upset with sb. 生某人的气
be upset that. . . 对……感到不高兴
(2)It upset(s)sb. that. . . 让某人心烦的是……
It upset(s)sb. to do sth. 做某事使某人不快【巧学助记】 “心烦的”upset【即学活用】
①She refused to offer any help, which quite ______ all the people present.
A. ignored B. settled
C. upset D. suffered
【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意: 她拒绝提供任何帮助, 这令在场的所有人都很心烦。upset使心烦。ignore忽视, 不理睬; settle安定; suffer遭受。由句意可知C项正确。②Don’t ______ yourself about it—let’s just forget it ever happened.
A. respect B. upset
C. devote D. tolerate
【解析】选B。句意: 别为这事不高兴了——咱们就只当它没发生过。upset使不高兴, 符合句意。respect尊敬; devote致力于; tolerate忍受。【思维延伸】
—What’s the matter with Rod?
—I think he’s ______ that he couldn’t go to town with his dad.
A. excited B. loose
C. upset D. glad
【解析】选C。句意: ——Rod怎么了? ——我认为他是因为没能和他爸爸一起进城而不高兴。be upset that. . . 因……而不高兴。10. defend vt. 辩解, 辩白; 防御, 保护
【语境领悟】
*They never even gave me a chance to defend myself.
他们甚至从未给我辩解的机会。
*We will do all we can to defend our motherland from/against any possible enemy.
我们要尽全力保卫祖国, 防御任何进犯之敌。【归纳拓展】
(1)defend oneself 为自己辩护
defend. . . from/against. . . 保卫……免受……之苦
defend one’s deeds 为某人的行为辩解
(2)defence/defense n. 防御; 防卫; 辩护; 防御措施; 国防
in defence of 为了保卫……; 为……辩护
in one’s defence 为某人辩解*He stood up in defence of his own deeds.
他站起来为自己的行为辩解。
*The government has reduced its expense on defence.
政府已经减少了国防开支。【易混辨析】【思维延伸】
*It is impossible to defend against an all-out attack.
防御全面进攻是不可能的。
*All our officers are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks.
我们所有的警察都接受过自卫训练, 能够对付持刀袭击。
*We all respect the soldiers who died in defence of their country.
我们都敬重那些为保卫祖国而献身的战士。
*I have to say in her defence that she knew nothing about it.
我得为她说句话, 她并不知道此事。【即学活用】用defend, guard或protect的正确形式填空。
①You should first learn to _______ yourself when travelling in
the forest.
②The dog ________ the house and no one except its owner
could get in.
③Whenever at fault, she is always _________ herself, which
makes her schoolmates upset.
④We should wear sunglasses to _______ our eyes from being
harmed.
⑤How can you ______ such behavior? protectguardeddefendingprotectdefend11. anyhow adv. 反正; 尽管如此
【语境领悟】
*Anyhow, they didn’t trust me.
反正他们不信任我。
*Anyhow, let’s forget about that for the moment.
无论如何咱们暂时不要提那件事。
*They met with a series of difficulties on the way, but arrived on time, anyhow. 他们在途中遭遇了一系列的困难, 但是, 尽管如此, 他们还是按时到达了。【易混辨析】【即学活用】
①(2013·江西高考)What a terrible experience! ______ , you’re safe now—that’s the main thing.
A. Anyway B. Besides
C. Otherwise D. Therefore
【解析】选A。考查副词辨析。句意: 一次多么可怕的经历啊! 无论如何, 你现在安全了——那才是主要的事情。A项意为“无论如何, 不管怎么说”; B项意为“除此之外, 另外”; C项意为“否则, 要不然”; D项意为“因此”。②(2014·绍兴高一检测)—Timmy, it is raining hard. Shall we stop here?
— ______ , we must finish this work today.
A. However B. Therefore
C. Anyhow D. Besides
【解析】选C。考查副词词义辨析。句意: ——蒂米, 下大雨了。咱们就到这儿吧? ——无论如何我们今天都要完成这项工作。however然而; therefore因此; anyhow无论如何, 不管怎样; besides除此之外。由句意可知C项正确。【思维延伸】
用anyhow/anyway, somehow或者somewhat填空。
①Mary said that they had a feeling ________ that she would
lose the game.
②Sorry, I am afraid we have arrived _________ late.
③It may rain, but I shall go out ______________. somehowsomewhatanyhow/anyway12. deserve vt. 值得; 应得; 应受
【语境领悟】
*They don’t deserve an explanation.
他们不配得到解释。
*His suggestion deserves careful consideration.
他的建议值得仔细考虑。
*She deserved to get the prize.
她应该得到这个奖励。【归纳拓展】
deserve +n. 值得……; 该受……
deserve to do sth. 值得做某事; 应该做某事
deserve doing/to be done 值得被……【名师点津】
deserve doing=deserve to be done, 主动形式表示被动意义, 类似的还有: need doing=need to be done
require doing=require to be done
want doing=want to be done
*The house requires repairing/to be repaired.
这房子需要修了。【即学活用】完成句子。
①The athlete _____________(应该赢得)the game, for he has
been practising very much.
②He _______________________________(值得奖励)for what
he has done. deserves to windeserves rewarding/to be rewarded③(2014·绍兴高一检测)We all agree that the young boy’s brave act ______ the highest praise.
A. reserves B. deserves
C. survives D. serves
【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意: 我们都认为这个年轻男孩的英勇行为该受到高度赞扬。reserve保留, 预订; deserve应得, 应受; survive幸免于难; serve服务。由句意可知B项正确。④(2014·南昌高一检测)—The film deserves ______ a second time.
—Sorry, I can’t follow you clearly.
—I said that the film was worth ______ again.
A. seeing; seeing B. seeing; of being seen
C. to be seen; being seen D. to be seen; to be seen
【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意: ——这部电影值得再看一次。——抱歉, 我没听清你说的。——我说这部电影值得再看一次。deserve doing值得被……, be worth doing值得被……, 均为主动形式表示被动意义, 故A项正确。13. be hard on 对……苛刻, 对……严厉
【语境领悟】
*Do you think we were too hard on Daniel?
你觉不觉得我们对丹尼尔太苛刻了呢?
*You shouldn’t have been so hard on your daughter.
你不应该对你女儿这么严厉。【归纳拓展】
be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格
push sb. hard 对某人要求高
*Our English teacher is strict with us in our study.
我们的英语老师对我们的学习要求严格。
*We should not push our students too hard.
我们不应对学生要求过高。【即学活用】完成句子。
①My parents ______________(对……太严厉)me.
②Our manager ________________________(在我们的工作中
对我们要求严格).
③Don’t _______________(对我要求太高). I just want to be
myself. are too hard onis strict with us in our workpush me too hard14. now that既然; 由于
【语境领悟】
*Now that you are given such a good chance, you should make good use of it. 既然被给予这么好的机会, 你应该好好利用。
*Now (that) I’ve got a lot of things to deal with, can you take my place at the meeting?
我有许多事情得处理, 你能代替我参加会议吗? 【名师点津】
now that“既然”, 引导原因状语从句, 同since, 但语气较弱, 强调人们已知的事实, 有时that可以省略。【思维延伸】
引导原因状语从句的连词
引导原因状语从句的连词除了now that之外还有: because, since, as, in that, for等。其中for为并列连词, 连接并列句, 表示推断的原因, 或对前一分句补充说明理由, 不能放于句首。
*It must be morning for the birds are singing.
一定是清晨了, 因为鸟儿在叫。
*Since/Now that/As you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.
既然你回答不出这个问题, 我就问别人了。【即学活用】
①(2014·宿迁高一检测) ______ you have finished your work, you ought to have a good rest.
A. For B. What if
C. Even when D. Now that
【解析】选D。考查连词。句意: 既然你已经完成工作了, 你就应该好好休息一下。now that既然, 符合句意。②(2014·贵阳高一检测) ______ you are alone at home, why don’t you go with us to the party?
A. Even though B. As though
C. So that D. Now that
【解析】选D。考查连词。句意: 既然你自己在家, 为什么不跟我们一起去参加宴会呢? even though“即使”, 引导让步状语从句; as though“好像, 仿佛”, 引导方式状语从句; so that“结果”, 引导目的或者结果状语从句; now that“既然”, 引导原因状语从句。由语境可知D项正确。15. Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier than expected.
爸爸妈妈外出度假, 比预计的时间提前一天回到家中。
【句式分析】
本句为一个复合句。than expected为状语从句的省略, 其完整的形式为than they were expected。
*The English exam is more difficult than it was expected.
英语考试比预料的要难。
*She has completed her composition earlier than (she was) expected. 她比预料的提前完成了作文。【名师点津】详析状语从句的省略
含有when, while, if, unless, though, once, than等引导的时间、条件、让步以及比较状语从句的复合句中, 若主从句主语一致(或者从句主语是it), 且从句谓语含有be动词时, 可以将从句主语和be动词一起省略, 从而构成句式: 连词(when, while, if, unless, though, once, than. . . )+非谓语动词。
*You should defend yourself if (you are) attacked.
当受到攻击时你应该自卫。
*You can’t be too careful when (you are) crossing the street.
你过马路时一定要小心。【即学活用】
①(2013·江西高考)If ______ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
A. asked B. to ask
C. asking D. having asked
【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意: 如果你被要求照看别人的行李, 立刻通知警察。后面的主句是祈使句, 句首省略了you, 主语you和ask存在被动关系; 从句的if后面省略了you are。②(2013·浙江高考)There are some health problems that, when ______ in time, can become bigger ones later on.
A. not treated B. not being treated
C. not to be treated D. not having been treated
【解析】选A。考查状语从句的省略。句意: 有些健康问题, 如果不及时治疗, 日后会变成大问题。that引导problems的定语从句; when引导定语从句中的时间状语从句, 补全为when they are not treated in time, 定语从句的主语that代指problems, 与when从句的主语相同, 符合状语从句省略的条件, 所以省略了主语they与助动词are。故选A。【思维延伸】
(2013·福建高考)Anyone, once ______ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.
A. to be tested B. being tested
C. tested D. to test
【解析】选C。考查状语从句的省略。句意: 任何一个人一旦被检测到携带阳性H7N9流感病毒, 将会接受来自我们政府的免费治疗。若主句主语与状语从句的主语一致, 状语从句中又含有系动词be, 则可省略状语从句的主语和系动词, 该从句补充完整为once anyone is tested. . . , 故选C。16. Eric runs in after it, followed by a big dog, walking very slowly.
埃里克跑进起居室追足球, 身后跟着一条大狗, 走路慢吞吞地。
【句式分析】
(1)这是一个简单句, 其中followed by是过去分词短语作状语, 表示伴随情况, 过去分词followed表明主语Eric与follow之间为被动关系。(2)walking very slowly为现在分词短语作定语, 修饰a big dog, a big dog是walk这个动作的执行者。
*The class teacher walked into the lecture hall, followed by his students.
班主任走进报告厅, 后面跟着他的学生。【名师点津】用doing还是done作状语?
分词作状语时, 用现在分词还是过去分词, 关键看主句的主语和分词之间的逻辑关系。如果分词的动作是主句的主语发出, 就用现在分词; 如果主句的主语是作分词的宾语, 则用过去分词。
*Seen from the top of the hill, the village is very small.
从山的顶部看, 村庄很小。
*Seeing from the top of the hill, we can see a beautiful lake.
从山的顶部看, 我们可以看见一个漂亮的湖。【即学活用】
①The film star hurried up to her car, ______ by her fans.
A. to follow B. follow
C. followed D. following
【解析】选C。句意: 那个电影明星匆忙走向自己的车, 后面跟着她的粉丝。明星是“被跟”, 所以应该用过去分词作伴随状语。②He glanced over at her, ______ that though she was very angry, she forced a smile.
A. noting B. noted
C. to note D. having noted
【解析】选A。句意: 他瞟了她一眼, 发现她尽管很生气却勉强地笑了笑。因为he与note是主谓关系, 且note与谓语动词glanced的动作同时发生, 所以用现在分词的一般式作伴随状语。17. The room is in a mess, with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.
房间一片杂乱, 地上有比萨盒, 洗碗池里有脏盘子。
【句式分析】
本句为一个简单句。with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink为“with+宾语+介词短语”构成的with复合结构, 在句中作状语。
*Our teacher came in with a big smile on his face.
我们老师面带着大大的微笑走了进来。
*He left the room with the light on.
他开着灯离开了房间。*She likes to sleep with the windows closed.
她喜欢关着窗户睡觉。
*We found the house easily with the little boy leading the way.
有这个小男孩带路, 我们很容易就找到了房子。
*With so many problems to settle, the manager seems to be worried. 有这么多问题要处理, 经理看起来很着急。【名师点津】with复合结构的注意事项
(1)with复合结构中, 宾语补足语为形容词、副词和介词短语时, 通常表示宾语的特征、性质等;
(2)宾语补足语为现在分词时, 表示宾语与宾语补足语所表示的动作之间为主动关系;
(3)宾语补足语为过去分词时, 表示宾语与宾语补足语所表示的动作之间为动宾关系;
(4)宾语补足语为不定式时, 往往表示动作还没有发生。【即学活用】完成句子。
①诗人的房间里一片凌乱, 地上有许多书, 椅子上有些脏衣
服。
The poet’s room was in a mess, _________________________
______________________________.
②随着岁月的流逝, 你会变老, 变得睿智。
_________________, you will get old and wise. with many books on the floorand some dirty clothes on the chairWith time going on③(2014·福州高一检测)It is impolite to sit there with your feet ______ at somebody.
A. pointing B. pointed
C. being pointed D. point
【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意: 坐在那里用脚指着别人是不礼貌的。分析句子结构可知, 此处是with复合结构, 宾语your feet与point之间为主谓关系, 故要用现在分词作宾语补足语, A项正确。【思维延伸】
Alex was listening carefully to the lecture given by Professor Smith, with all his attention ______ it.
A. fixing on B. fixed on
C. to fix on D. fix on
【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意: Alex正认真地听着史密斯教授的演讲, 他所有的注意力都集中于此。fix. . . on. . . 把……固定于……上。在with复合结构中, 宾语all his attention与动词短语fix. . . on有逻辑上的动宾关系, 故选B项。18. Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset. 丹尼尔双臂交叉, 看上去不高兴。
【句式分析】
(1)本句为一个简单句, and连接并列谓语动词。
(2)has his arms crossed为“have+宾语+过去分词”构成的复合结构, 宾语his arms与cross之间为动宾关系。
*You’d better have the old furniture moved out of the room.
你最好把这些旧家具从房间里搬出去。
*I’ll have my bike repaired tomorrow. 明天我要请人修自行车。【归纳拓展】
(1)have sth. done使宾语被……; 主语蒙受……损失(宾语与宾语补足语之间为动宾关系)
(2)have sb. do sth. 让某人干某事(宾语与宾语补足语之间为主谓关系)(3)have sb. doing sth. 让某人一直干某事; 听任某人干某事(宾语与宾语补足语之间为主谓关系)
*He has his wallet stolen on the bus yesterday.
他昨天在公交车上钱包被偷了。
*I’d like to have my son go camping with me this weekend.
本周末我想要儿子和我一起去野营。
*I won’t have you getting away with cheating people like that.
我不会听任你欺骗了人而不受惩罚的。【名师点津】
have常作“有”讲, 用于结构: have sth. to do, 动词不定式作定语。
*We have a lot of things to tolerate in our daily life.
我们在日常生活中有许多必须要忍受的事。【即学活用】用所给动词的适当形式填空。
①Who would you rather have ______ (repair)your computer?
②She was disappointed to see the computer she had just got
________ (repair)went wrong again.
③I’ve got nobody ______(help)me. Can you lend me a hand? repairrepairedto help④You’d better have your room ______ . It’s in a mess.
A. clean B. cleaned C. to clean D. cleaning
【解析】选B。考查have的用法。句意: 你最好打扫一下你的房间。房间里乱七八糟的。clean与room为动宾关系, 故用have sth. done结构。have your room cleaned表示“打扫房间”。【思维延伸】
(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)They might just have a place ______ on the writing course—why don’t you give it a try?
A. leave B. left
C. leaving D. to leave
【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意: 他们写作课上可能只剩下一个名额, 你为什么不去碰碰运气呢? leave在此处表示“剩下”, 和被修饰词place之间是被动关系, 所以用过去分词。left经常作后置定语, 表示“剩下的”。【要点拾遗】
1. act n. (戏剧的)一幕; 行为; 举动 v. 演出, 扮演, 表现
【语境领悟】
*I saw Act 1, Scene 1 of Growing Pains last night, which is very interesting.
昨天晚上我看了《成长的烦恼》第一幕的第一场, 很有趣。
*On seeing his funny acts, I couldn’t help laughing.
看到他滑稽的举动, 我禁不住笑了起来。*She acts as manager of the sales department.
她担任销售部经理。
*Can you act out the feeling of sorrow in body language?
你能用体态语言把痛苦的感觉表现出来吗? 【归纳拓展】
(1)act as 充当; 担任
act out 演出来
(2)action n. 行动
take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事
(3)active adj. 积极的
be active in(doing)sth. 积极做某事
(4)actor n. 男演员
actress n. 女演员*The firefighters took action immediately to stop the fire from spreading. 消防队员立即采取了行动制止大火的蔓延。
*As a young man, he was active in politics in his spare time.
年轻时, 他业余时间里积极参加政治活动。 【即学活用】用act的正确形式填空。
①Have you seen the film“Titanic”, whose leading
___________ is world-famous?
②I insist that you should take immediate ______ to solve the problem.
③Mary Lennon, a 90-year-old silent movie ______, won an
award in the 1930s. She said she was glad to make progress in
______ movies.
④Mr. Li, ______ as headmaster of our school, is respected by all of us.
⑤She takes an ______ part in school life. actor/actressactionactressactingactingactive2. sink n. 水池, 水槽, 洗碗池 vi. (sank, sunk)下沉, 沉没
【语境领悟】
*The bathroom is furnished with 2 toilets, 2 showers, and 2 sinks. 卫生间里装了两个抽水马桶、两个淋浴器和两个洗脸盆。
*The sun sinks in the west. 太阳西下。
*The scene in which the ship sank was very horrible.
船只沉没的那一幕很恐怖。
*When hearing the bad news, his heart sank suddenly.
听到那个坏消息, 他的心突地一沉。【巧学助记】 载有“水槽”的大船“下沉”了【即学活用】完成句子。
①众所周知, 木头在水中不下沉, 而是漂浮在水中。
As is known to all, wood ____________________ in the water.
②水槽里堆满了脏盘子。
__________________________
③他们注视着太阳西沉。
They watched _____________ in the west. does not sink but floatsThe sink is full of dirty dishes.the sun sinking3. explanation n. 解释, 说明
【语境领悟】
*She gave a full explanation for her being late this morning.
她详细解释了她今天上午迟到的理由。
*I can’t think of any possible explanation for his absence.
我想不出他缺席的任何可能的理由。
*What did Jack say in explanation of his lateness?
对他的迟到杰克说了什么辩解的话? 【归纳拓展】
(1)explanation for(doing)sth. (做)某事的理由、原因
in explanation of 解释; 辩解
(2)explain v. 解释; 说明
explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事
explain oneself 为自己的行为解释, 把自己的意思解释清楚
explain(to sb. )that. . . (向某人)解释……*They sent us a letter to explain the delay.
他们给我们写了一封信解释为什么耽搁了。
*Can you explain why to do it like that?
你能解释为什么那样做吗?
*She explained to us that the reason why she was hard on her son was that he formed some bad habits. 她向我们解释她对儿子严格要求的原因是他养成了一些坏习惯。【即学活用】完成句子。
①你有什么话要为自己的行为辩解吗?
Do you have anything to say _______________your act?
②当被问及为什么没出席会议时, 他做不出令人满意的解
释。
When asked why he was absent from the meeting, he couldn’t
come up with _____________________. in explanation ofa satisfying explanation③He has explained ______ us the reason ______ being late.
A. /; for B. /; of C. to; for D. to; of
【解析】选C。考查explain的用法。句意: 他已经向我们解释了他迟到的原因。“向某人解释某事”用explain sth. to sb. 或explain to sb. sth. 表达; “……的原因”用the reason for sth. 表达。【思维延伸】
①(2014·厦门高一检测)—The girl caught a bad cold yesterday.
—Does that ______ her being late for school?
A. account for B. deal with
C. explain to D. care for
【解析】选A。考查动词短语。句意: ——昨天那个女孩得了重感冒。——那是她上学迟到的原因吗? account for解释……的原因; deal with处理; explain to向……解释; care for喜欢, 关爱。由句意可知A项正确。②(2014·大庆高一检测)Please read the ______ on the bottle and take the right amount of medicine.
A. explanations B. introductions
C. instructions D. descriptions
【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意: 请阅读瓶子上的使用说明, 并服用正确的剂量。A解释; B介绍; C使用说明; D描述; 名词instruction的复数形式instructions表示“使用说明”; 故C项正确。4. do with处理, 处置
【语境领悟】
*Can you tell me what to do with the present situation?
你能告诉我怎样处理目前的形势吗?
*What did the boy do with the money he discovered in the street? 那个小男孩是如何处理他在街上捡的钱的? 【归纳拓展】
do without. . . 没有……也行, 对付过去
deal with 处理, 应付, 涉及
*If they can’t get it to us in time, we’ll just have to do without. 如果他们不能及时给我们拿来, 我们就只好将就了。
*She is used to dealing with all kinds of people in her job.
她已习惯于在工作中与各种各样的人打交道。【易混辨析】*What did you do with yourself during the summer holidays?
暑假你是怎样度过的?
*I don’t know how to deal with the problem.
我不知道怎样处理这个问题。【即学活用】用do或deal的正确形式填空。
①I was wondering what the police ___ with the little girl who
stole money.
②You should learn how to ____ with this kind of person. diddeal③He isn’t a man who knows ______ to deal with people properly, but he does know ______ to do with all kinds of papers in front of him.
A. what; what B. what; how
C. how; what D. how; how
【解析】选C。句意: 他不是一个知道该如何跟人融洽相处的人, 但他却确实知道该怎样处理他面前的各种各样的文件。do with与what连用, 而deal with与how连用, 故C项正确。Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. The first _____ (场景)of the play is the king’s palace.
2. The poor boy is ________ (渴望)for knowledge.
3. We are supposed to ______ (防卫)ourselves whenever there
is danger.
4. When hearing the knock at the door at midnight, he was
too _________ (害怕的)to open it.
5. His rudeness and coldness is hard to _______ (容忍, 忍受). scenestarvingdefendfrightenedtolerate6. He is too particular about food and always finding _____ (毛
病)with his wife’s cooking.
7. His bad ________ (行为, 举止)at the party last night made
his father disappointed.
8. We deserve a full ___________ (解释)for your being absent.
9. What _____ (使烦恼)us was that the sports meeting was
called off.
10. It rained heavily and our car broke down half, but we
arrived there ______________ (无论如何, 不管怎样). faultbehaviorexplanationupsetanyhow/anywayⅡ. 选词填空
be supposed to; can’t wait to; be hard on; be rude to; do with;
in defence of; in a mess; find fault with; now that; on the
scene
1. We ___________ know the news who won the game.
2. You can hardly imagine such a gentleman should ___ so
_______ a lady.
3. I’m at a loss what _________ the goods.
4. The lawyer showed some evidence ___________ the girl.
5. As a teacher, I must __________ the students when they
break the rules. can’t wait toberude toto do within defence ofbe hard on6. You should find the persons ___________for more
information.
7. The girl is attractive, but her room is ________.
8. You _______________ have handed in your composition
yesterday.
9. You should not always _____________people around you.
10. ________ everyone is here, we can start our party. on the scenein a messwere supposed tofind fault withNow that