unit 2 witnessing time reading3

课件74张PPT。牛津高中英语第九模块Unit 2MarathonOlympic flagAthena
the Greek goddess Which country or city can you think of when seeing the pictures?
(Athens, the capital city of Greece)
Have you ever been there?
Then do you know what the greatest symbol of Athens is?
Let’s enjoy a section of video.The Acropolis nowFast reading: Go through the passage as quickly as possible and try to find answers to the three questions in part A. 1 When was the Acropolis built?
In the 5th century BC
2 What was the Acropolis made of ?
It was made of marble.
3 Who gave the Acropolis its World Heritage
listing?
UNESCO Careful reading: Let’s read the passage a second time and complete Parts C1 and C2 on page 20. C1
1. In philosophy, science, mathematics, art, architecture, theatre, politics and sport.
2. On the hill called the Sacred Rock in the centre of the city.
3. It was built there so that it was convenient for everyone to get to. Also because it was on the hill, the Acropolis could be seen from every part of the city.4.They have been damaged partly by natural things like earthquakes. And partly by man.5 The last major destruction occurred with the theft of many of the best sculptures in 1801, when an Englishman started to take them to London.
6 Its aim is to undertake the complete, professional restoration of the Acropolis.7 Because they believe that the prevention of damage from ignorance and from people not caring about protecting the monument is very important.
8 More important historic buildings would be damaged. C2 Listen to the tape and try to complete Part D and Part E: D
1 d 2 a 3 j 4 c 5 b
6 f 7 e 8 i 9 h 10 g
E (1) Athens (2) Athena
(3) people (4) plant
(5) government (6) undertake
(7) ignorance (8) conservation
(9) monument (10) sculptures Read the text again and choose the best answers according to the text:Which of the followings was not a Greek invention?
A. The Western alphabet.
B. Roman alphabet.
C. Architecture.
D. Marathon 2. Why was the Acropolis built on the hill
called the Sacred Rock in the centre of the city?
A. To associate ancient Greek civilization with the capital city of Athens.
B. It was constructed at a high altitude above the city in honour of Athens.
C. Because there are three main temples to Athens.
D. Because it was convenient for everyone to get to and could be seen from every past of the city.3. In which year did the Acropolis receive a World Heritage listing from UNESO?
A. 1835 B. 1975
C. 1987 D. 2004Post-reading: Please introduce the causes of the damage done to the Acropolis and the ways to protect it to other group members, with the help of the chart in Part C2Pair work:DiscussionWhy do you think it is necessary and important to preserve World Heritage sites ?… Language pointsNo one has had a greater impact on Western civilization than the ancient Greeks. (page 18, lines 1-3)
古希腊人对西方文明的影响无人可及。
impact n. [C usually singular; U]
影响，冲击
1.the force or action of one object hitting another:
The impact of the crash reduced the car to a third of its original length.The bullet explodes an impact (= when it hits another object).
2.a powerful effect that something, especially something new, has on a situation or person:
The anti-smoking campaign had had/made quite an impact on young people.
The new proposals were intended to soften the impact of the reformed tax system. impact v. 对...发生影响
to have an influence on something:
Falling export rates have impacted (on) the country's economy quite considerably.2. They were responsible for many advances in philosophy, science, mathematics, art, architecture, theatre, politics and sport.
古希腊人在哲学、科学、数学、艺术、建筑、戏剧、政治学和体育方面取得了很多进展。(page 18, lines 3-6)Responsible
1. responsible (BLAME) ?? adj. 有责任的，应负责任的
be responsible for sth/doing sth to be the person who caused something to happen, especially something bad:Who is responsible for this terrible mess?
Last month's bad weather was responsible
for the crop failure.responsibility ?? n. [U]
Terrorists have claimed responsibility for (= stated that they caused) yesterday's bomb attack.The minister took/accepted full responsibility for (= admitted that he
was to blame for) the disaster and resigned.2. responsible (DUTY) ? adj.
be responsible for sb/sth/doing sth to have control and authority over something or someone and the duty of taking care of it or them:Paul is directly responsible for the efficient running of the office.
Her department is responsible for overseeing the councils.
be responsible to sb/sth to be controlled by someone or something:
In Australia, the Prime Minister and the Cabinet of Ministers are responsible to the House of Representatives.responsibility ?? n. [C or U] 职责，义务
something that it is your job or duty to deal with:
[+ to infinitive] It's her responsibility to ensure the project finishes on time.
She takes her responsibilities as a nurse very seriously.
Who has responsibility here?
Jenny, you have responsibility for clearing up the room after the class.3. responsible (GOOD JUDGMENT) ?
adj. 可信赖的，（人）负责任的
having good judgment and the ability to act correctly and make decisions on your own:
a hardworking and responsible employee
Let's stay calm and try to behave like responsible adults.
Many big companies are now becoming
more responsible about the way they
operate.3.The Western or Roman alphabet is a Greek invention, as is the marathon, which is a long distance race named for a Greek messenger who ran from Marathon to Athens to report a victory at the battle of Marathon in 490 BC.
西方字母表或罗马字母表是希腊人的发明。 马拉松比赛也是，这种长跑是为纪念一位希腊信使而命名的.
(page18, lines 6-11)as (COMPARISON) adv.约如…，像…
used in comparisons to refer to the degree of something:She'll soon be as tall as her mother.I can't run as fast as you.skin as soft as a baby'sIt's not as good as it used to be.
as (FOR THIS PURPOSE) ??prep.. 担任…，作为；如同…
used to describe the purpose or quality of someone or something:She works as a waitress.It could be used as evidence against him.The news came as quite a shock to us.I meant it as a joke.as (BECAUSE) ?conj. 因为……,由于As it was getting late, I decided to book into a hotel.You can go first as you're the oldest
as (WHILE) ?? conj. 当……时候；一面……一面
while; during the time that:I saw him as I was coming into the building.He gets more attractive as he gets older
as (ALTHOUGH) ?? conj. 虽然，尽管
although:
Angry as he was, he couldn't help smiling
as (usu followed by be or do+subject通常后接be或do +主语) 也一样
she’s unusually tall, as are both her parents.
He’s a doctor, as was his wife before she
had children.1. (2006天津)
The Beatles, _____ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.
A. what????????B. that??????????C. how???????????D. as高考链接2. (2006广东)
Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada,?? ____ this was a? memory she especially treasured.）
A. as???????B. if????????C. when???? D. where
3.（2006浙江）
_______ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. A. As ?B. That? C. This D. It4.（2006江苏）
The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ______ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.
A. who B. that C. as D. which
5.（2006陕西）
His plan was such a good one ______
we all agreed to accept it.
A. as B. that C. so D. after whichIn particular, we associate ancient Greek civilization
with the capital city of Athens, the greatest symbol of
which is the Acropolis.
我们尤其将古希腊文明与其首都雅典城相联系，而雅典最伟大的标志就是雅典卫城.(page 18, lines 18-20）
1) in particular
particular (SPECIAL) ?? adj. [before noun] 特定的, 特别的,特殊的special, or this and not any other:
She wanted a particular type of cactus.
He wouldn't take just any book - he had to have this particular one!
"Why did you ask?" "Oh, no particular reason, just making conversation."particular (NOT EASILY SATISFIED) ?(喜好)很讲究的, 很挑剔的, 难以取悦的?
adj. [after verb]not easily satisfied and demanding that close attention should be given to every detail:
He's very particular about the kitchen - everything has to be perfectly clean and in its place.
She's very particular about what she eats.My brother likes eating very much but he isn’t very _____ about the food he eats.
A. special B. peculiar C. particular D. unusual
2. Margaret liked all her classes, but she liked sewing class _____.
A. above all?? B. in general??
C. after all?? D. in particular 相关考题 associate …with…
associate sth with sth phrasal verb 把(某事物与他事物)联想在一起
If problems or dangers are associated with a particular thing or action, they are caused by it:
The cancer risks associated with smoking have been well documented.
associate with sb phrasal verb 与……为友; 结交；交往to spend time with a group of people, especially people who are disapproved of:
I don't want my children associating with drug-addicts and alcoholics. The Acropolis was constructed in the 5th century BC at a high altitude above the city in honour of Athena, the goddess of Athens. 雅典卫城海拔高于雅典城，是为了纪念雅典女神雅典娜于公元前五世纪兴建的。(page 18, lines 20-24)
in honour of
为向…表示敬意,为纪念…, 为祝贺…
in order to celebrate or show great respect for someone or something:
a banquet in honour of the president 高考链接（06陕西）
My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was _______ it.
A. in honor of??? B. in memory of?
C. in favor of??? D. in search of It was convenient for everyone to get to, and because it was on the hill, the Acropolis could be seen from every part of the city.
它位于市中心的山上， 这样便于所有人参观，而且它在山顶，因此从城市的每一个角落都可以看到它。（page 18, lines 26-30）
convenient ?adjective
1 suitable for your purposes and needs and causing the least difficulty:方便的, 便利的
Our local shop has very convenient opening hours.A bike's a very convenient way of getting around.[+ that] It's very convenient that you live near
the office.
[+ to infinitive] I find it convenient to be able to do my banking by phone.
What time would it be convenient for me to come round?
NOTE: The opposite is inconvenient.
2 near or easy to get to or use: 近而方便的
a very convenient bus service
Our new flat is very convenient for (= near to)
the kids' school. However, throughout history, few ancient monuments have completely avoided damage. 但历史上几乎没有哪座古代纪念建筑能完好无损。(page 18, lines 45-46)
throughout ?preposition, adverbin every part, or during the whole period of time: 遍及于,到处; 整个…期间,从头到尾
People throughout the country are out of work.He yawned throughout the performance.The school has been repainted throughout. avoid
avoid ?? verb [T] 逃避…,避免…，回避…to stay away from someone or something, or prevent something from happening or not allow yourself to do something:
I try to avoid supermarkets on Saturdays - they're always so busy.[+ ing form of verb] I try to avoid going shopping on Saturdays.The report studiously avoided any mention of the controversial plan.The plane narrowly avoided disaster when one of the
engines cut out on take-off. There was a large box behind the door and Peter couldn’t _____ falling over it in the darkness.
A. help??? B. resist??? C. avoid??? D. prevent 相关考题In 1458, the Turks defeated the Greeks and seized
control of Athens.
1458年土耳其人打败了希腊人并夺取了雅典. (page 18, lines 52-53)
seize control of 夺取
control ?n. 控制,支配[C or U] when you control something or someone, or the power to do this:
She's got no control over that child - it's terrible.
He wants the government to impose strict controls on dog ownership.
The dictator took/seized control of the country in 1933.
He felt he was losing control of events.The last major destruction of this kind occurred with
the theft of many of the best sculptures in 1801, when an…
最近一次人为的重大破坏发生于1801年，许多最精美的雕像遭窃(page 18, lines 60-62)
occur (HAPPEN) ? v. [I] -rr-
(especially of accidents and other unexpected events) to happen: (意想不到的事情)发生
An accident involving over ten vehicles has occurred in the east-bound lane.
If any of these symptoms occur while you are
taking the medicine, consult your doctor immediately. occur (EXIST) ? v. [I + adverb or preposition] -rr- to exist or be present in, among, etc: 存在，出现Violence of some sort seems to occur in every society.Minerals occur naturally in the earth's crust.
occur to sb phrasal verb (想法、念头等)想起，浮现
If a thought or idea occurs to you, it comes into your mind:The thought did occur to me.[+ that] It never even occurred to us that he hadn't been invited.Does it never occur to you that I might like to be on my own occasionally?(2006年安徽高考)
I???　　　　along the street looking for a place to park when the accident????　　　．
A．went; was occurring??????????B．went; occurredC．was going; occurred??????????D．was going; had occurred　
高考链接In 1816, these sculptures were transferred to the British museum. They are still on display there under the title of ‘Elian Marble’, and this has caused some friction between Greece and Britain as the Greek government has never given up asking for the return of these marble statues.
1816年，这些雕塑又被转移到大英博物馆。如今它们仍然在那里展出，冠名为“埃尔金大理石雕塑”。这导致了希腊和英国之间的摩擦，因为希腊政府一直要求英国归还这些大理石雕像。(page 19, lines 65-73)transfer (MOVE) ?? v. -rr- 1 [T] to move someone or something from one place, vehicle, person or group to another:
　运送，转送，迁移；（使）（某人）换乘，改乘
He has been transferred to a psychiatric hospital.She transferred her gun from its shoulder holster to her handbag.We were transferred from one bus into another.Police are investigating how ￡20 million was illegally transferred from/out of the Trust's bank account.The aim is to transfer power/control/responsibility to self-governing regional councils.I'll be upstairs, so could you transfer my phone calls (= arrange that I can receive them) up there please?I or T; usually + adverb or preposition] to change to a different job, team, place of work, etc., or to make someone do this:　（使）（某人）转校／转学
After a year he transferred to University College, Dublin.Some very high-profile British players have transferred to clubs abroad.He threatened to give up football if his club didn't transfer him (= sell him to another team).
3 [T] to make something the legal property of another person:　让渡（权利、财产等）
She transferred the house to her daughter before she died.on display
display (SHOW) ? v. [T] 展示，表露或陈列某事物to show a feeling:The British traditionally tend not to display much emotion in public.
display ?n. [C or U]　展示，陈列，显示，显露There's never much (of a) display of affection between them.
on display being displayed 被展示，被陈列
A collection of photographs was display in the hall.
put sth on display 展出某物ask for请求，要求ask for sth (PRAISE) phrasal verb If you say you couldn't ask for someone or something better, you mean that that person or thing is the best of their kind:She's great to work for - I really couldn't ask for a better boss.
ask for sb (SPEAK TO) phrasal verbto say that you would like to see or speak to someone:A young man was here asking for you this morning. (05全国III 14)
1.Before building a house, you will have to _______ the government’s permission.
A. get from B. follow C. receive D. ask for
2. （辽宁）
－These? books are too heavy for me to carry.
－ _____ .
?A. You may ask for help? B. I will give you a hand
C. I will do you a favor?????D. I’d come to help高考链接In 1832, Greece was recognized as an independent country …1832年希腊获得独立。(page 19, lines 73-74)
recognize (KNOW), UK USUALLY
recognise ??v. [T] 认出（旧识），认识，识出，辩出
someone or something because you have seen, heard or experienced them before:I hadn't seen her for 20 years, but I recognized her immediately."Do you recognize this song?"Doctors are trained to recognize the symptoms of different diseases. Mann.recognise v.1 [T] to accept that something is legal, true or important:正式承认，认可
International community has refused to recognize (= officially accept the existence of) the newly independent nation state.[+ (that)] He sadly recognized (that) he would die childless.You must recognize the seriousness of the problems we are facing.
2 [T often passive] If a person's achievements are recognized, official appreciation is shown for them: 承认（功绩等），赏识；感谢
The Prime Minister recognized her services to her country by awarding her an MBE. —Oh, it's you! I _____ you.—I've just had my hair cut, and I'm wearing new glasses.
A. didn't recognize??????? B. hadn't recognized????? ?
C. haven't recognized??????D. don't recognize高考链接Unfortunately, some of the construction that
was carried out over the following 100 years
was not very successful. 遗憾的是，此后一百多年进行的一些修复工作并不是很成功。
carry out
carry sth out phrasal verb [M] 完成, 实现, 贯彻, 执行to do or complete something, especially that you have said you would do or that you have been told to do:Nigel is carrying out research on early Christian art.The hospital is carrying out tests to find out what's wrong with her. （NMET2000）
The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see______ the next year.?A. carry out 　　B. carrying out 　　　　
C. carried out 　 D. to carry out高考链接In a gesture to help preserve history, the Greek government established a committee in 1975 to undertake the complete, professional restoration of the Acropolis. 为保存历史，希腊政府于1975年成立了一个委员会来负责卫城全面、专业的修复。（page 19, lines 92-96）
undertake
undertake (DO) ??
verb [T] undertook, undertaken SLIGHTLY FORMAL 承担（工作，责任），承办；着手，进行，企图to do or begin to do something, especially something that will take a long time or be difficult:Students are required to undertake simple experiments. After that, much progress was made in reconstruction
the monument, particularly with the large amount of
work in preparation for the 2004 Athens Olympic Games.
此后，遗址修复工作取得了很大的进展，尤其是为准备2004年雅典奥运会做大量工作。(page 19, lines 98-102)
1) make progress in
progress ?? n. [U] 前进，进行；进步上进，发展1 advancement to an improved or more developed state, or to a forward position:Technological progress has been so rapid over the last few years.I'm not making much progress with my Spanish.The doctor said that she was making good progress (= getting better after a medical operation or illness).in progress happening or being done now: 进行中Repair work is in progress on the south-bound lane of the motorway and will continue until June. progress ?? v. [I] 1 to improve or develop in skills, knowledge, etc:
提高，进步My Spanish never really progressed beyond the stage of being able to order drinks at the bar.2 to continue gradually: 前进，进行As the war progressed more and more countries became involved.We started off talking about the weather and gradually the conversation progressed to politics.(2007上海) ----David has made great progress recently.---- ________, and _____________. A. So he has; so you have B. So he has; so have you C. So has he; so have you D. So has he; so you have
2．Only in the way ____________ progress in your studies.A. can make B. you may C. can you make D. will make
高考链接in preparation of
preparation ?? n. [U] 准备，预备the things that you do or the time that you spend preparing for something:The teacher didn't seem to have done much preparation for the class.The team blamed injuries and lack of preparation for their failure to win.Yasmin assisted in the preparation of this article. preparations ?? plural noun (具体的)准备plans or arrangements that you make to prepare for something:[+ to infinitive] We are making preparations to fly Mr Goodall to the nearest hospital.Preparations for the opening ceremony are well under way.prepare ?v. [I or T] 准备…, 预备… , (为…) 做准备1 to make or get something or someone ready for something that will happen in the future:Have you prepared for your interview?She'll prepare the food ahead of time and freeze it.This course aims to prepare students for middle and senior managerial positions.[+ object + to infinitive] Are the players mentally and physically prepared to play a tough game?The meal took two hours to prepare. 2 to expect that something will happen and to be ready for it: 使(某人)做心理准备，(某人)做好准备[+ to infinitive] It almost seems as if she is preparing to die.[R] You need to prepare yourself for a long wait. prepared ?? adj. 有准备的,准备好的; 乐意1 ready to deal with a situation:When she called on me, I wasn't prepared.They were prepared for the worst. 2 made earlier:The spokesperson read a prepared statement. 3 be prepared to do sth to be willing, or happy to agree to do something:Would you be prepared to help me get things ready for the party?People are not really prepared to talk about these kinds of personal problems.A steady cleaning programme must follow in order to protect the marble from air pollution, as well as from natural things such as plant roots and bird droppings.
接下来必须稳步进行清洁工作，保护大理石不受空气污染及自然物（如植物根系和鸟类排泄物）的破坏。（page 19, lines 107-112）
1) in order to
order (PURPOSE) ?? n.in order to/in order for/in order that with the aim of achieving something: 为了He came home early in order to see the children before they went to bed.I agreed to her suggestion in order not to upset her. （2005辽宁）
All these gifts must be mailed immediately _______ in time for Christmas.
A．in order to have received?????????
? B．in order to receive
C．so as to be received?????????????????
D．so as to be receiving高考链接protect… from…
protect ?? v.1 [I or T] to keep someone or something safe from injury, damage or loss: 防御，保护clothing that protects you against the coldIt's important to protect your skin from the harmful effects of the sun.Surely the fun_ction of the law is to protect everyone's rights.Of course the company will act to protect its financial interests in the country if war begins.Patients' names have been changed to protect their privacy.Public pressure to protect the environment is strong and growing.Vitamin C may help protect against cancer. Homework
Read the text again and again.
Try to memorize the language points.Bye - bye!