unit 1 friendship grammar

课件23张PPT。(1)John said,”I like reading novels.”
(2)John said that he liked reading novels.

直接引语:直接引述别人的话.
间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话.
它构成宾语从句.
Grammar:
Direct and Indirect Speech (1)转述他人的陈述→陈述句→ She asked me what I was doing.1) He said , “I’m going to Beijing.”→ He said that he was going to Beijing.2) He asked, “Are you a teacher?”→ He asked me if /whether I was a teacher.3) She said , “What are you doing?”2. 转述他人的疑问→一般疑问句3. 转述他人的问题→特殊疑问句 陈述句“I don’t like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friendsthat I don’t like computerssaiddidn’t likesheSarah said to her friends that she didn’t like computers.Sarah一般疑问句
Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?
( They asked him )They asked himwhether/ifit is easy to improve the condition of the soil.askedwasThey asked him whether/if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.选择疑问句 He asked, “Do you speak English or French?”
He asked mewhether/ifyou speak English or FrenchaskedspokeHe asked me whether I spoke English or French.meI特殊疑问句
When do you harvest the wheat ?
( They asked him )They asked himWhenyou harvest the wheat.heharvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化1. 注意时态的变化2. 注意人称变化3. 注意语序的变化4. 其他The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变The geography teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”Exercises:1. He said , “I m afraid I can’t finish this work.”2.Tom said “I will see you next week.”
3.He said , “I haven’t heard from him since May.”

He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish that work.He said that he hadn’t heard from him since May.Tom said that he would see me the next week. 直接引语 间接引语
指示代词 时 间 状 语 地点状语 方向性动词 this, that, these those
now, then, today that day
this week that week yesterday the day before
last week the week before
four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days before
tomorrow the next day
next month the next month
here there
come, go,bring take Answer keys for Ex on Page 5Anne said that she didn’t know the address of her new home.
Anne told her father that she had got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.
The girl said that she needed to pack up her things in the suitcase very quickly.
Her father asked her why she had chosen her diary and old letters.“Are you very hot with so many clothes on?” Mother asked.
6. “what else have you hidden under your overcoat?” Margot asked her.
7. “when shall we go back home?” Anne asked her father.
8. “Why did you talk so much to that boy?” Father asked Anne.Answer keys for Ex on Page 5The teacher said，“Don’t be late，Mary. ”
The teacher told ____.
? A. Mary not to be late
B. Mary to be not late??????
C. Mary are not late??
D. not to be late巩固提高2. He asked her，“Where are you going?”
He asked her ____.
A. where she were going????
B. where she was going to
C. where she was going??
D. where she is going3. The lady said，“I shall go there on time. ”
The lady said that ____.
????A. she would come there on time????
B. she would come here on time
????C. she would got here on time????
D. he would got here on time4. He said to me，“I wrote to my father
yesterday. ”
He told me he had written to his father ____.
???A. the yesterday???? B. before today????????
C. the day before D. the next day 5. The teacher asked，“Are you waiting
for the bus?”
The teacher asked ____ for the bus.
????A. if I was waiting?? B. was I waiting
C. you are waiting???????? D. I was waiting
6. The professor said that light ____ faster than sound.
????A. travels???? B. traveled????????
C. travel D. traveled7. My mother asked me to show my homework to her.
My mother said to me，“Show ____ homework. ”
????A. her my?????????? B. me your????????
C. her your??????? ? D. me his8．He said he________his old friends for a long time.
A．didn’t see B．wouldn’t see
C．hasn’t seen D．hadn’t seen
9．---Someone is ringing the door bell.
---- Go and see _____
who is he B. who he is
C. who is it D. who it is

10．Mother asked the youngest girl _____ with her toy car.
what the matter was
what was the matter
what the matter is
shat is the matter