课件34张PPT。语法专项讲练—形容词
和副词语法精讲一、形容词和副词比较级的用法
1.表示倍数的三种句型
(1)...times as+原级+as...
He can run three times as fast as John.
他跑得有约翰的三倍快。
语法精讲(2)...times the size/length/width/height etc.+of...
This table is three times the size of that one.
这张桌子是那张的三倍长。
(3)...times+比较级+than...
This table is three times bigger than that one.
这张桌子比那张大三倍。
语法精讲(2009年高考辽宁卷)Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s,but it cost________his.
A.as much twice as
B.twice as much as
C.much as twice as
D.as twice much as
语法精讲【解析】 考查倍数句型“倍数+as+原级+as...”。句意:彼得的夹克衫看起来与杰克的一样,但却是他的价钱的两倍。故选B。
【答案】 B
语法精讲2.同等程度的比较
用as...as,the same...as...,such...as引导。
He is a worker as good as Peter.(=He is as good a worker as Peter.)他和彼得一样是个好工人。
Linda is the same height as Jenny.
琳达和詹妮一样高。
Henry is such a good student as Peter.
亨利和彼得一样是个好学生。
语法精讲3.与比较级有关的结构及运用比较级的注意事项
(1)“比较级+than”表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况
You look much younger than I do.
你看上去比我年轻多了。
She doesn’t work harder than you(do).
她工作不如你努力。
语法精讲(2)“比较级+and+比较级”意为“越来越……”
As summer is coming,the day is becoming longer and longer.
随着夏季的到来,白天变得越来越长。
(3)“the+比较级……,the+比较级……”意为“越……就越……”。
The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you’ll make.
你越仔细,你出的错就越少。
语法精讲(4)“the+比较级+of the two+名词”表示“两者中较……的那个”。
The taller of the two boys is my brother.
两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。
语法精讲(1)Of the two coats,I’d choose the ________ one to spare some money for a book.
A.cheapest B.cheaper
C.more expensive D.most expensive
【解析】 根据to spare some money for a book可知,我想选更便宜点的,且在两本书中选择,因此应用比较级。故选B。
【答案】 B语法精讲(2)—Do you think the weather is good enough for an outing?
—Yes,you couldn’t hope for ________at this time of the month.
A.the nicest day B.the nicer day
C.a nicer day D.a nice day
语法精讲【解析】 通过题干得知,引题暗含着比较的意味。即:You couldn’t hope for a nicer day than this at this time of the month.比较级表达最高级含义,意为“没有更好的了”。故选C。
【答案】 C
语法精讲(3)—Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting?
—No.It couldn’t have been________.
A.worse B.better
C.so bad D.the worst
【解析】 用比较级worse,表达不能更糟糕的了,是最糟的,比较级形式表达最高级含义。故选A。
【答案】 A
语法精讲(5)比较级的修饰语:much,even,far,rather,still,any,no,a bit,a little,two metres,a great deal,a lot,by far等。
Are you feeling any better now?你现在感觉好了吗?
语法精讲(2009年高考全国卷Ⅰ)How much________she looked without her glasses!
A.well B.good
C.best D.better
【解析】 句意:她不戴眼镜看起来好得多!此句为感叹句,how可修饰形容词和副词,但此题还考查much修饰比较级,故选D。
【答案】 D
语法精讲二、形容词、副词最高级的用法
1.most前如没有定冠词the,就没有比较的意思,只是用来加强语气,有“很,非常”之意。
This is a most interesting story.
这是一个很有趣的故事。
语法精讲2.最高级可被序数词以及much,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not quite,not really,nothing like等词语所修饰。
Of all the students,Jack’s oral English is almost the best.
在所有的学生中,杰克的英语口语几乎是最好的。
语法精讲The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.
目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。
I’d like to buy the second most expensive camera.
我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。
语法精讲3.否定+比较级=最高级
There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.
为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。
He has never spent a more worrying day.
他过了最担心的一天。
—Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away?
你住的离这儿那么远,你搭我的车吧。
—Thank you.It couldn’t be better.谢谢,那再好不过了。
语法精讲三、形容词、副词的特殊用法
1.多个形容词修饰名词的排列顺序
限定词(these,those...)+描绘性形容词(表示人们观点的形容词,如beautiful,bad,cold等)+表示大小、长短、高低的形容词+表示形状的形容词(如round,square等)+表示年龄、新旧的形容词+表示颜色的形容词+表示国籍或地区的形容词+表示材料的形容词(如wooden)+表示用途、类别的形容词+被修饰的名词。
语法精讲a beautiful old brown French handmade desk
一张漂亮的褐色法国手工制作的旧桌子
all these last few days最近的这些日子
a light blue silk skirt一件浅蓝色丝裙
another three English books另外三本英语书
语法精讲some beautiful little red flowers一些美丽的小红花
a beautiful white Japanese military jeep
一辆漂亮的白色的日本军用吉普车
the first beautiful little white Chinese wooden bridge
第一座美丽的中国小白木桥
语法精讲(1)(2009年西城抽样)—Do you like the Chinese food served in American restaurants?
—It’s not bad but I prefer ________.
A.Chinese food really
B.Chinese real food
C.food Chinese real
D.real Chinese food
语法精讲【解析】 考查形容词排序。此处的中心词是名词food,应位于形容词的后面,结合题意可知强调的是“正宗的中国食物”。故选D。
【答案】 D
语法精讲(2)To all the famous artists’ surprise,the unknown woman’s two ________ paintings are also on show in the art exhibition.
A.little blue oil B.blue little oil
C.oil blue little D.little oil blue
语法精讲【解析】 本题考查多个形容词修饰名词时的排列顺序。此题中的little表大小,属于特征形容词;blue表颜色,属于颜色形容词;根据多个形容词修饰名词时的排列顺序可知正确的排序为“two little blue oil paintings”。故选A。
【答案】 A
语法精讲2.形容词作状语
形容词作状语表示伴随或结果,并不表达动作的方式。
He went to bed,cold and hungry.他又冷又饿地去睡觉了。
He lay in bed,wide awake.他躺在床上醒着。
He is standing there,full of fear.他非常担心地站在那里。
语法精讲(2008年高考北京卷)After the long journey,the three of them went back home,________.
A.hungry and tiredly
B.hungry and tired
C.hungrily and tiredly
D.hungrily and tired
语法精讲【解析】 句意为“长途旅行后他们三人回家了,又累又饿”。由句式结构看,空格处应作为状语使用,四个选项中均使用了并列连词and,故and前后的词类应该一致,且英语中形容词或形容词短语可作为状语使用,表示主语的状态,故应选择B项。
【答案】 B
语法精讲3.can not/never与enough或too连用表示“无论怎样都不过分;越……越好”。
You can not be careful enough/too careful to study.
在学习方面,你再细心也不过分。
—Mary,look,what did I find?玛丽,你看,我找到什么了?
语法精讲—Oh,my lost key?I can’t thank you too much.(=I can’t thank you much enough.)
噢,我丢失的钥匙?太感谢你了。
语法精讲—I was riding along the street and all of a sudden,a car cut in and knocked me down.
—You can never be________careful in the street.
A.much B.very
C.so D.too
【解析】 答语句意:在街道骑车时,你越小心越好。故选D。
【答案】 D
高考体验模拟演练
1.(2010年江西抚州一中期中测试)It is said that the ________ building was designed by a famous Frenchman,who has thousands of excellent works all over the world.
A.red stone beautiful B.stone beautiful red
C.beautiful stone red D.beautiful red stone
解析:选D。本题考查形容语排序。冠词、数词排最前,接下来是主观性的形容词,最靠近被修饰的名词是表客观性的形容词,如颜色、国籍和材料等。
2.(2010年山东淄博一中月考)Steve’s description of the place was so ________ that I could almost picture it in my mind.
A.bitter B.vivid
C.sensitive D.courageous
解析:选B。考查形容词辨析。句意:Steve把那个地方描述得如此生动以至于我差不多在脑海里把它想象出来了。注意picture在句中作动词,意为“想象”。bitter“有苦味的,辛酸的”;vivid“生动的,栩栩如生的”;sensitive“敏感的,灵敏的”;courageous“勇敢的”。根据语意可知B项正确。
3.(2010年重庆巴蜀中学月考)—Now that you like the personal computer very much,isn’t it a good idea to get one?
—Well,I’d like to but I can’t afford ________ computer at present.
A.that expensive a B.a such cheap
C.that an expensive D.so cheap
解析:选A。根据所给语境可知说话人目前买不起一台如此昂贵的电脑,此处的that是副词,相当于so。
4.(2010年黄冈中学期中测试)Authorities face a(n)________ task to persuade typhoon survivors to abandon their flood-stricken villages and relocate to lower and safer lands.
A.complex B.tough
C.easy D.sharp
解析:选B。考查形容词辨析。要说服那些台风中的幸存者离开被洪水袭击的村庄,搬到更低、更安全的地方,这个工作对政府当局来说很难。用tough表示“困难的”。A“复杂的”,C“容易的”,D“敏锐的”,都不符合语意。
5.(2010年江苏盐城中学一测)I’m not a little tired today after giving the room a thorough cleaning and I have never had ________ today.
A.as tiring a day as B.as a tiring day
C.tiring as a day as D.day as a tiring as
解析:选A。考查比较结构。在同级比较的结构中,第一个as是副词,在本句中修饰tiring,因此选择A。
6.(2010年福建部分重点中学联考)The situation of the global finance crisis was ________ worse than expected.
A.rather B.fairly
C.very D.any
解析:选A。考查副词。本题中所使用的副词必须能够修饰形容词的比较级,rather与any符合条件,但是any用于否定句或疑问句中,因此选rather。
7.(2010年江苏淮安月考)Rome was not built in a day.You should set ________ goals and work hard to achieve them.
A.alternative B.considerable
C.subjective D.realistic
解析:选D。考查形容词辨析。根据首句“罗马不是一天建成的”可以看出这里是说“制订可实现的目标”,因此选D。realistic明智的,能够实现的。
8.(2010年浙江嘉兴一中摸底测验)She devoted herself ________ to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field.
A.strongly B.extremely
C.entirely D.freely
解析:选C。考查副词。strongly“强烈地”;extremely“极其地”;entirely“完全地”;freely“自由地”。这里的意思为:她把自己完全投入到研究工作中……
9.(2010年浙江杭州高中月考)To our surprise,we got ________ people to attend the meeting as we expected.
A.as twice B.twice many
C.twice many as D.twice as many
解析:选D。考查倍数的表达法。其形式为:A+谓语+倍数+as+形容词或副词原级+as+B。故选D。
10.(2009年福建检测)This morning Mr.Smith didn’t drive to work.________,he rode his bicycle to his office as a way of exercising.
A.Otherwise B.Instead
C.Meanwhile D.Besides
解析:选B。考查副词。句意:作为一种锻炼方式,今天早上Mr.Smith没有开车上班,而是骑自行车上班。instead反而,代替,符合题意。
11.(2009年青岛一模)—Do you like the place of interest?
—On the contrary,it’s the________place that I want to visit.
A.worst B.last
C.best D.latest
解析:选B。该题考查形容词。根据答句中的“On the contrary”可知此处应用last。意为“这是我最不愿意去参观的地方”。
12.(2009年青岛一模)On Teachers’ Day,we all went to school________to see our teachers.
A.especially B.specially
C.particularly D.attentively
解析:选B。该题考查副词的用法。句意:教师节那天,我们专程到学校去看望我们的老师。specially特别地,专门地,强调为了某一目的,符合题意。
13.(2009年淄博检测)People with________sense know that smoking is harmful to our health.
A.common B.normal
C.general D.ordinary
解析:选A。考查形容词。common sense是常用搭配,表示“常识”。类似的还有common practice“常规,惯例”。
14.(2009年东城第一学期检测)After two years’ careful study,we now have a________better understanding of the cause of the problem.
A.very B.much
C.fairly D.quite
解析:选B。考查比较级的修饰语。题干中的better一词为比较级,在四个备选项中,只有much可以修饰比较级,所以选B。have a better understanding of...对……有更好的了解。
15.(2009年浙江金华8月)—I always look out when crossing the street.
—You’re right.You cannot be too________.
A.nervous B.careful
C.hurried D.careless
解析:选B。考查双重否定的用法。You can’t be too careful.意为:你怎么小心也不为过。can’t是否定,too+adj./adv.也有否定意义,所以用双重否定表肯定。
1.(2009年高考浙江卷)In the good care of the nurses,the boy is________recovering from his heart operation.
A.quietly B.actually
C.practically D.gradually
解析:选D。句意:在护士的悉心照料下,这个男孩心脏手术后正在逐渐恢复。gradually渐渐地,逐渐地。故选D。
2.(2009年高考辽宁卷)Usually John would be late for meetings.But this time,________to my surprise,he arrived on time.
A.little B.much
C.ever D.even
解析:选B。句意:约翰平时开会总是迟到。但是这次,令我特别惊讶的是他竟然准时到会了。much十分,非常,修饰介词短语to my surprise,在此表示程度,以加强语气。
3.(2009年高考天津卷)It was a nice house,but________too small for a family of five.
A.rarely B.fairly
C.rather D.pretty
解析:选C。句意:那是一套很不错的房子,可是对一个五口之家来说太小了。rather too太;rarely:not often,seldom不常,很少,频度副词;fairly相当地,适度地,表示程度的副词;pretty:adv.相当,颇,还。
4.(2009年高考天津卷)I’m not surprised that he became a writer.Even as a child he had a________imagination.
A.clear B.cautious
C.funny D.vivid
解析:选D。句意:他成了作家,我毫不惊讶。孩提时,他就有活跃的想象力。vivid生动的,逼真的,栩栩如生的;clear清晰的,清楚的,明白的;cautious小心的,谨慎的,慎重的;funny滑稽的,诙谐的。
5.(2009年高考全国卷Ⅱ)I’m sure that your letter will get________attention.They know you’re waiting for the reply.
A.continued B.immediate
C.careful D.general
解析:选B。句意:我肯定你的信会马上得到关注。他们知道你在等待回复。immediate立即的,即刻的。They know you’re waiting for the reply.提示我们选择immediate。
6.(2009年高考四川卷)My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours,but it is twice________expensive.
A.as B.so
C.too D.very
解析:选A。句意:我叔叔在闹市区的房子比我们(不在闹市区)的房子要小得多,但是它的价格却是我们的房子价格的两倍。考生要从句子结构和意思上看出本句所省略了的部分内容,本句使用了表达倍数的as...as...的结构。
7.(2009年高考福建卷)It seems that living green is________easy and affordable.A small step makes a big difference.
A.exactly B.fortunately
C.surprisingly D.hardly
解析:选C。句意:绿色生活方式似乎惊人地容易且廉价。迈开一小步,就会带来大不同。surprisingly:unusually or unexpectedly不寻常地,出乎意料地。
8.(2009年高考浙江卷)The incomes of skilled workers went up.________,unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.
A.Moreover B.Therefore
C.Meanwhile D.Otherwise
解析:选C。句意:有经验的工人的工资在上涨,但同时没经验的工人却看着他们的工资下降。根据句意是指有经验工人和非技术工人工资涨落的对比情况,meanwhile意为“同时”,故选C。
9.(2009年高考浙江卷)It took________building supplies to construct these energy?saving houses.It took brains,too.
A.other than B.more than
C.rather than D.less than
解析:选B。句意:建造这些节能住宅不仅仅需要建筑用品,还需要用脑。more than意为“不仅仅”。
10.(2009年高考浙江卷)John is very________—if he promises to do something he’ll do it.
A.independent B.confident
C.reliable D.flexible
解析:选C。句意:John是可以信赖的。如果他答应做某事,他一定会做的。根据后句:如果他答应做某事,就会去做。据此可得出他是个可信赖的人。故选C。