主语从句
高考频度：★★★★★
难易程度：★★★★☆
1.
（2017·北京卷·单项填空）Every
year,
______
makes
the
most
beautiful
kite
will
win
a
prize
in
the
Kite
Festival.
A.
whatever
B.
whoever
C.
whomever
D.
whichever
【答案】B
2.（2016·江苏卷·单项填空）It
is
often
the
case
____________
anything
is
possible
for
those
who
hang
on
to
hope.
A.
why
B.
what
C.
as
D.
that
【答案】D
【解析】考查主语从句。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是连接词that引导的主语从句，连接词that在本句中不充当任何成分，只是一个引导词而已，不能省略。连接副词why要在句中作状语，连接代词what通常在句中作主语、宾语或表语等；as通常不引导名词性从句。句意：对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。故D正确。
【应试必备】引导主语从句的连接词主要有三类：连接词：that，whether连接代词：what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等连接副词：when，where，why，how1.
连接词that，whether引导That
the
college
will
take
in
more
new
students
this
year
is
true.
今年这所大学将招收更多新生是真的。Whether
he
can
finish
his
task
on
time
is
of
great
importance.
他是否能按时完成任务非常重要。注意：（1）if不能引导主语从句。（2）形式主语it替代主语从句。常见的it替代主语从句的句式主要有以下几种：①
It+系动词+形容词+that从句。It
is
quite
clear
that
the
whole
project
is
doomed
to
failure.
很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。It’s
clear
that
they
badly
need
help.
很明显，他们急需援助。It’s
possible
that
we
can
carry
out
the
project
at
last.
最终我们能完成这项工程是有可能的。②
It+系动词+名词+that从句。常用于这种句型的名词（词组）有：fact，good
idea，pity，hour，shame，no
wonder，good
news
etc.It
is
our
hope
that
the
two
sides
will
work
towards
peace.
我们的希望是双方能朝着和平的方向发展。―Tom
has
a
bad
cold.
汤姆患了重感冒。―It
is
no
wonder
that
he
looks
pale.
难怪他看起来脸色苍白。It’s
a
pity
that
you
missed
the
film.
你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。③
It+be+过去分词+that从句。过去分词表示：建议，命令，愿望如suggested，ordered，
requested等词时，从句需用虚拟语气，即should
＋动词原形。It
is
announced
that
the
plan
has
been
successfully
carried
out.
据宣布计划已经顺利实施。It
is
well-known
that
the
earth
moves
around
the
sun.
众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。2.
连接代词引导3.
连接副词引导How
acupuncture
reduces
and
relieves
pain
is
unclear.
针灸是如何减轻和解除疼痛的还不清楚。Why
dinosaurs
suddenly
disappeared
still
remains
a
mystery.
恐龙为什么突然消失了还是个谜。4.
主语从句的特殊用法（1）主语从句与定语从句的转换What
is
needed
has
been
bought.
All
that
is
needed
has
been
bought.
所有需要的都被买了。（2）几个特殊句型之间的转换It
is
known
to
all
that
China
has
joined
the
WTO.As
is
known
to
all,
China
has
joined
the
WTO.What
is
known
to
all
is
that
China
has
joined
the
WTO.众所周知，中国已加入WTO。
1.（2016·北京卷·单项填空）Your
support
is
important
to
our
work.
______________
you
can
do
helps.
A.
However
B.
Whoever
C.
Whatever
D.
Wherever
2.
______________
bothers
me
is
that
the
young
man
seems
to
know
a
bit
too
much.
A.Whether
B.What
C.Which
D.That
3.
Top
players
must
have
excellent
ball
control,
but
it
is
not
just
______________
they
do
with
their
feet
______________
counts.
A.how；that
B.that；what
C.whether；what
D.what；that
4.
______________
Tom
will
win
the
computer
competition
remains
a
secret
till
next
Monday.
A.When
B.That
C.What
D.Whether
5.
______________
that
the
Chinese
government
plans
to
end
its
one-child
policy
and
instead
let
families
have
two
children.
A.It
was
reported
B.What
was
reported
C.It
has
reported
D.As
was
reported
参考答案
1.C
【解析】考查主语从句。helps是谓语，＂______________
you
can
do＂是主语部分，即主语从句，在主语从句中，do后缺少宾语，表示＂任何事情＂，因此用whatever引导，故选C。
2.
B
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：让我烦的是这个年轻人知道的似乎有点太多了。根据句意可知，此处为主语从句，连词在从句中充当主语。whether是否；which哪个；that在名词性从句中不充当句子成分。故选B。
进步，在于总结。我在这，总结在哪儿？
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________同位语从句和定语从句的区别
高考频度：★★★★☆
难易程度：★★★★☆
—Is
it
true
that
Mike
refused
an
offer
from
Yale
University
yesterday
—Yeah,
but
I
have
no
idea
____________
he
did
it;
that’s
one
of
his
favorite
universities.
A.
when
B.
why
C.
that
D.
how
【答案】B
【解析】此处____________
he
did
it对名词idea解释说明，是同位语从句。答句句意：我不知道Mike为什么放弃了耶鲁大学，那是他最喜欢的大学之一。A项表＂时间＂，D项表＂方式＂，均不合题意。have
no
idea
=
do
not
know，后面的从句应该表示＂疑问＂，排除表＂确定事实＂的C项。故本题选择B项。why表示＂原因＂。
【应试必备】
如何区别定语从句与同位语从句 同位语从句和定语从句从表面来看十分相似，但实质上是截然不同的两种从句： （3）引导词that在同位语从句中不作句子成分；而在定语从句中必作句子成分，是从句所修饰的词的替代词。试比较： The fact that the Chinese people invented the compass is known to all.中国人发明指南针这个事实是众所周知的。（同位语从句） The fact that we talked about is very important.我们谈论的这个事实很重要。（定语从句） 如何区别同位语从句和定语从句 同位语从句和定语从句在形式上基本相同，都是跟在名词或代词之后，且又常由that引导。但它们的句法功能却是不同的，我们可以从三个方面来加以区别。 （1）根据that来区别。引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除了起连接主句和从句的作用外，还代替先行词在从句中充当一个成分。而且这个that还常可以用which来代替。引导同位语从句的that是个连词，只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，也不能用which来代替。例如： The fact that（which） we talked about is very important.我们所谈论的那个事实很重要。（that在从句中作about的宾语） The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody.他实验成功这个事实使我们大家很高兴。（that只起连接作用） Here comes the news that some tourists from America will come to our village.消息传来，说一些美国旅游者要来我们村。（that只起连接作用） （2）根据先行词来区别。 体内容） （3）根据引导词来区别。 如果引导从句的词为when，where，why或者how，而其前面的名词又分别表示时间、地点、原因或方式方法等意义，则它们为关系副词，引导的是定语从句。例如： I’ll never forget the day when I saw the Great Wall.我永远不会忘记我见到长城的那一天。 This is the room where Lu Xun once lived.这是鲁迅曾住过的屋子。 而这些连接副词与前面的名词意义不相关时，这些词便是连接副词，引导同位语从句前面的名词往往也是idea，truth，news等。如： The question when we will start the work is not decided.我们何时开始工作的问题尚未决定。 You have no idea how worried I was.你不知道我是多么担心。
1.The
belief,as
is
a
commonly
accepted
saying
___________
practice
makes
perfect
fails
to
work
wonders
if
repeated
without
action.
A.what
B.which
C.that
D.where
2.It
is
the
promise
_______
the
government
will
ban
students
from
using
mobile
phones
at
school
_______
excites
the
teachers
and
parents.
A.that,
that
B.which,
that
C.不填
;
that
D.that,
which
3.The
information
sent
by
the
robots
from
Mars
has
offered
a
scientific
proof
_______
there
existed
water
on
Mars.
A.if
B.whether
C.where
D.that
4.The
news
spread
quickly
through
the
village___________the
war
had
ended,
___________made
villagers
wild
with
joy.
A.which;
that
B.that;
what
C.that;
which
D.what;
which
5.There
is
hard
evidence___________George
has
something
to
do
with
the
murder.
A.which
B.what
C.why
D.that
参考答案
该从句内容和结构完整，应该用that引导；第二空应用that与It
is构成强调句It
is…that
…，强调部分为句子的主语the
promise。
进步，在于总结。我在这，总结在哪儿？
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________宾语从句
高考频度：★★★★★
难易程度：★★★★☆
1.
（2017·北京卷·单项填空）Jane
moved
aimlessly
down
the
tree-lined
street,
not
knowing
______she
was
heading.
A.
why
B.
where
C.
how
D.
when
【答案】B
2.
（2017·江苏卷·单项填空）We
choose
this
hotel
because
the
price
for
a
night
here
is
down
to
20,
half
of
____________
it
used
to
charge.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
what
D.
how
【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句。＂half
of
_________
it
used
to
charge＂是20的同位语，即原来价格的一半是现在的20；另外，of后跟名词或名词短语构成介宾短语，所以，这里是宾语从句；宾语从句中的charge后面缺少宾语，所以用what来引导宾语从句，并充当宾语从句的宾语，故选C。
【名师点睛】
这里容易误判为定语从句的＂介词+关系代词＂结构，需要注意的是，half
of后面的价格是以前的价格。如果是定语从句，那么half
of后面的价格则是20的一半，即10，再结合＂down
to＂可知，原来的价格高于20，因此不是定语从句。介词of后跟宾语，因此这里是宾语从句，通过分析句子成分可知，宾语从句缺少宾语，因此用what引导。
【应试必备】引导宾语从句的连接词主要有：连接词：that，whether，if等连接代词：what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等连接副词：when，where，why，how等1.
连接词that，whether，if引导I
think
(that)
you
should
turn
to
the
teacher
for
help.
我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。I
don’t
know
if/whether
he
still
lives
here
after
so
many
years.
我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。注意：whether/if都意为＂是否＂。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。（1）与or
not紧接连用时。Let
me
know
whether
or
not
you
can
come.
请让我知道你是否能来。（2）作介词的宾语从句时。We
are
interested
in
whether
you
will
attend
the
meeting.
我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。4.
宾语从句的语序在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。He
asked
me
when
we
could
set
out
the
next
day.
他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。Did
you
find
out
where
she
lost
her
car
你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗 5.
宾语从句的时态（1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。She
says
(that)
she
works
from
Monday
to
Friday.
她说她周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)she
says
(that)
she
will
leave
a
message
on
his
desk.
她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)She
says
(that)
she
has
never
been
to
Mount
Emei.
她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)（2）当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。He
said
there
were
no
classes
yesterday
afternoon.
他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)He
said
that
he
was
going
to
take
care
of
the
baby.
他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)He
said
that
they
were
having
a
meeting
at
that
time.
他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)（3）当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。The
teacher
told
us
that
nothing
is
difficult
if
we
put
our
hearts
into
it.
老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。He
said
that
light
travels
much
faster
than
sound.
他说光比声音传播得快。注意：在使用宾语从句时需要注意下面几点：①动词find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose，assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置。I
think
it
necessary
that
we
take
plenty
of
boiled
water
every
day.
我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。I
have
made
it
a
rule
that
I
keep
diaries.
我每天写日记成了惯例。②hate，like，take，owe，have，take
for
granted等表示＂喜欢；痛恨；认为＂的动词或动词短语和see
1.
（2017·天津卷·单项填空）
She
asked
me
___________
I
had
returned
the
books
to
the
library,
and
I
admitted
that
I
hadn’t.
A.
when
B.
where
C.
whether
D.
what
2.（2016·全国新课标卷I·短文改错）My
uncle
is
the
owner
of
a
restaurant
close
to
that
I
live.
3.I
truly
believe
______________
beauty
comes
from
within.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
what
D.
why
4.
He
asked
______________.
A.how
much
did
the
iPhone
7
cost
B.how
much
the
iPhone
7
costs
C.what
was
the
price
of
the
iPhone
7
D.what
the
price
of
iPhone
7
was
5.
People
are
now
eager
to
find
out
______________
the
little
boy
survived
the
terrible
disaster.
A.how
is
it
that
B.that
it
is
how
C.that
is
it
how
D.how
it
is
that
参考答案
进步，在于总结。我在这，总结在哪儿？
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________每周一测
Ⅰ.
单项填空
1.It
is
said
_________
the
picture
shows
a
Chinese
girl
standing
by
the
river
under
a
tree,
seemingly
listening
to
a
bird
singing.
A.
which
B.as
C.
what
D.
that
2.It
is
natural
__________
children
are
curious
about
the
world
around
them.
A.
that
B.
whether
C.
what
D.
How
3.________in
the
library
regulations
that
any
book
borrowed
be
returned
by
due
time,
or
the
borrower
will
be
fined.
A.
What
is
required
B.
It
is
required
C.As
is
required
D.
Which
is
required
4.The
question
we’ll
invite
Ann
to
the
gathering
really
beats
me,
and
I
want
your
suggestion.
A.
that
B.
whether
C.
who
D.
which
5.
It
doesn’t
matter
_________
you
turn
right
or
left
at
the
crossing
—
both
roads
lead
to
the
park.
A.
whether
B.
how
C.
if
D.
when
6.Gao
Lin
finally
got
to
know
the
fact
only
determination
can
decide
the
true
champion
when
the
team
won
the
championship
of
the
2015
Chinese
Super
League.
A.
that
B.
why
C.
what
D.
how
7.It
was
the
fact
______
he
had
to
find
another
job
______
made
him
worried
much.
A.
which;
that
B.
which;
which
C.
that;
which
D.
that;
that
8.
We
must
find
out
____
Karl
is
coming,
so
we
can
book
a
room
for
him.
A.
when
B.
how
C.
where
D.
why
9.A
ship
in
harbor
is
safe,
but
that’s
not
______
ships
are
built
for.
A.
what
B.
whom
C.
why
D.
when
10.The
exhibition
tells
us
we
should
do
something
to
stop
air
pollution.
A.
where
B.
why
C.
what
D.
which
II.阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Standing
desks.
Love
them
or
hate
them,
there
are
plenty
of
articles
to
back
up
whatever
opinion
you
have.
On
the
one
hand,
studies
have
shown
that
standing
desks
could
help
reduce
your
risk
of
obesity
(肥胖)
and
diabetes
(糖尿病).
On
the
other,
experts
have
said
standing
desks
don’t
help
with
weight
loss
and
could
give
you
back
problems.
Now,
another
study
has
come
out,
this
one
in
favor
of
standing
desks.
Researchers
at
the
Texas
AM
Health
Science
Center
found
that
standing
desks
helped
employees
get
more
done
during
the
day.
Though
the
results
might
not
translate
for
all
types
of
work
environments,
they
should
give
standing
desk
supporters
a
reason
to
be
pleased.
Published
last
week
in
the
journal
IIE
Transactions
on
Occupational
Ergonomics
and
Human
Factors,
the
study
followed
167
employees
in
a
call
center
over
six
months.
Seventy-four
of
them
used
standing
desks,
and
researchers
found
that
they
were
46
percent
more
productive
than
those
who
sat
at
their
desks.
The
participants’
employer,
a
health
services
company
that’s
not
named
in
the
paper,
sponsored
the
study
to
better
understand
the
returns
on
the
standing
desks
it
had
bought
for
the
office.
Productivity
was
determined
by
the
number
of
successful
calls
to
clients
that
the
health
and
clinical
advisors
made
per
hour.
The
company
earned
money
for
each
successful
call,
during
which
an
advisor
checked
in
on
a
client’s
progress
in
an
exercise
program,
for
example,
or
checked
to
see
that
a
client
was
taking
proper
medication.
Employees
typically
made
between
400
and
500
calls
a
month,
and
the
company
wanted
them
to
average
around
two
successful
calls
each
hour.
Those
who
had
standing
desks
met
that
quota,
while
those
who
remained
seated
averaged
1.5
successful
calls
per
hour,
Gregory
Garrett,
a
public
health
doctoral
student
and
lead
author
on
the
study,
told
The
Huffington
Post.
If
an
advisor
was
unable
to
reach
a
client
over
the
phone,
that
was
counted
as
an
unsuccessful
call.
Interestingly,
the
people
who
stood
actually
made
more
phone
calls
than
the
ones
who
sat,
Garrett
said.
The
results
almost
seem
too
good
to
be
true
—
after
all,
who
wouldn’t
want
a
nearly
50
percent
boost
in
productivity
just
from
using
a
standing
desk
＂How
do
you
prove
‘this
desk
makes
me
feel
happier,
and
I
feel
better’
That’s
not
going
to
pay
the
bills,＂
Garrett
said.
But,
he
continued,
the
study
shows
that
standing
desks
can
in
fact
＂affect
a
company’s
performance.
That’s
really
significant.＂
1.
According
to
the
passage,
standing
desks
could
result
in
______________.
A.obesity
B.back
problems
C.diabetes
D.medication
problems
2.
What
does
the
underlined
phrase
＂that
quota＂
in
Paragraph
7
refer
to
A.400
and
500
calls
a
month.
B.2
successful
calls
each
hour.
C.1.5
successful
calls
every
hour.
D.The
average
number
of
calls
per
day.
3.
It
can
be
concluded
from
the
passage
that
standing
desks
______________.
A.are
worthy
of
much
further
research
B.can
be
used
in
all
work
environments
C.can
help
create
a
boost
in
productivity
D.are
more
comfortable
than
normal
desks
4.
What
is
the
writer’s
attitude
towards
standing
desks
A.Objective.
B.Subjective.
C.Positive.
D.Negative.
B
Security
guard,
truck
driver,
salesperson
—
year
after
year,
these
jobs
appear
on
lists
of
the
unhappiest
careers.
Although
many
factors
can
make
a
job
unhappy,
unusual
hours,
low
pay,
no
chance
for
advancement
—
these
three
gigs
stand
out
for
another
reason:
a
lack
of
small
talk.
Psychologists
have
long
said
that
connecting
with
others
is
central
to
well-being,
but
just
how
much
conversation
we
require
is
under
investigation.
In
one
study,
researchers
eavesdropped(窃听)
on
undergraduates
for
four
days,
then
cataloged
each
overheard
conversation
as
either
small
talk
(What
do
you
have
there
Popcorn
(
Yummy!
)
or
serious
(
So
did
they
get
divorced
soon
after
).
They
found
that
the
second
type
related
with
happiness
—
the
happiest
students
had
roughly
twice
as
many
serious
talks
as
the
unhappiest
ones.
Small
talk,
meanwhile,
made
up
only
10
percent
of
their
conversation,
versus
almost
30
percent
of
conversation
among
the
least
content
students.
However,
don’t
just
consider
chat
worthless
yet.
Scientists
believe
that
small
talk
could
promote
linking.
Chatting
with
strangers
could
brighten
your
morning.
In
a
series
of
experiments,
psychologists
gave
Chicago
travelers
varying
directions
about
whether
to
talk
with
fellow
train
passengers
something
they
typically
avoided.
Those
told
to
chat
with
others
reported
a
more
pleasant
journey
than
those
told
to
enjoy
your
being
alone
or
to
do
whatever
they
normally
would.
None
of
the
chatters
reported
being
rejected.
And
the
results
held
for
introverts（内向者）and
extroverts（外向者）
alike
which
makes
sense,
since
acting
extroverted
has
a
positive
effect
on
introverts.
Small
talk
can
also
help
us
feel
connected
to
our
surroundings.
People
who
smiled
at,
made
eye
contact
with,
and
briefly
spoke
with
their
Starbucks
reported
a
greater
sense
of
belonging
than
those
who
rushed
through
the
business.
Similarly,
one
not
yet
published
paper
found
that
when
volunteers
broke
the
silence
of
the
Tate
Modern
to
chat
with
gallery
goers,
the
visitors
felt
happier
and
more
connected
to
the
exhibit
than
those
who
were
not
approached.
So
go
ahead,
pry.
Chitchat
needn’t
be
idle.
And
nosiness
isn’t
all
bad.
5.
The
author
attributes
the
unhappiness
felt
by
security
guards,
truck
drivers
and
sales
people
to
______________.
A.
unusual
hours
and
low
pay
B.
a
lack
of
small
talk
C.
no
chance
for
advancement
D.
an
absence
of
serious
conversation
6.
What
was
the
conclusion
of
the
study
mentioned
in
the
second
paragraph
A.
Connecting
with
others
is
central
to
our
well-being.
B.
We
require
30
minutes
of
conversation
every
day
to
be
happy.
C.
Serious
conversation
is
linked
to
happiness.
D.
Small
talk
cannot
help
make
us
feel
happy.
7.
The
author
used
the
Tate
Modern
example
to
demonstrate
that
______________.
A.connecting
with
others
is
key
to
our
happiness
B.unserious
conversation
could
promote
bonding
C.small
talk
can
help
us
feel
connected
to
our
surroundings
D.smiling
can
help
people
gain
a
great
sense
of
belonging
8.
Which
of
the
following
shows
the
development
of
ideas
in
this
passage
III.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入
1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The
traditional
Chinese
lunar
calendar
1
(divide)
the
year
into
24
solar
terms.
Cold
Dew,
the
17th
solar
term
of
the
year
begins
this
year
on
Oct.8,
2
(last)
16
days,
during
which
time
temperatures
are
lower
than
in
White
Dew
in
most
areas
of
China.
The
dew(露水)
is
greater
and
colder
and
there
will
be
3
(little)
rain.
Autumn
crops
will
be
ripe.
Here
are
several
things
you
should
know
about
Cold
Dew.
1
Foggy
autumn
Temperatures
drop
4
(significance)
in
October.
When
the
cold
air
meets
autumn
rain,
the
water
vapor
in
the
air
soon
reaches
saturation(饱和),
and
then
it
turns
into
rain
or
fog.
2
Season
for
fishing
People
always
say
that
fishing
in
shallow
water
in
autumn
5
(do)
make
sense.
That’s
6
during
the
Cold
Dew
period,
temperatures
decrease
quickly
and
sunshine
cannot
reach
the
deep
water
thoroughly.
Fishes
all
swim
to
shallow
water
areas
7
the
water
temperature
is
relatively
high.
3
A
great
time
for
hiking
During
Cold
Dew,
North
China
takes
8
a
look
of
late
autumn.
On
the
day
of
the
Double
Ninth
Festival,
people
often
climb
hills
with
cornels.
This
custom
aims
9
(drive)
away
evils,
and
10
(originate)
in
the
Eastern
Han
Dynasty
(AD25－220).
I.单项填空
内容。
5.
A
【解析】It为形式主语，whether引导的从句为真正的主语，if引导主语从句时不与or连用whether…or…＂是……还是……,
不管……还是……＂。
6.A
【解析】句意：在球队获得了2015年中超联赛冠军的时候，郜林终于明白了只有决心才能决定真正的冠军这一事实。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处引导同位语从句，从句句意和成分完整，故用that来引导，选A项。
7.D
【解析】考查名词性从句和强调句。句意：就是他不得不再找一个工作的事实让他非常担心。第一空说明fact的内容，引导同位语从句，填that，that在从句中不作成分，起到引导的作用，第二空填that，构成强调句，结构是＂It
is/was+强调部分+that+其余部分＂。故选D。
II.阅读理解
A
【文章大意】站立式办公桌长久以来一直是人们讨论的话题，一项新的研究表明站立式办公桌可以让员工效率更高。
1.
B
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的＂On
the
other,
experts
have
said
standing
desks
don’t
help
with
weight
loss
and
could
give
you
back
problems.＂可知，站立式办公桌会导致背部问题。故选B。
2.
B
【解析】词义猜测题。根据文章第七段的＂the
company
wanted
them
to
average
around
two
successful
calls
each
hour＂可知，that
quota指的是＂每小时两个电话＂。故选B。
3.
C
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段的＂The
results
almost
seem
too
good
to
be
true
—
after
all,
who
wouldn’t
want
a
nearly
50
percent
boost
in
productivity
just
from
using
a
standing
desk ＂可知，站立式办公桌可以提高生产力。故选C。
4.
A
【解析】观点态度题。根据文章第一段的＂Standing
desks.
Love
them
or
hate
them,
there
are
plenty
of
articles
to
back
up
whatever
opinion
you
have.＂可知，人们对于站立式办公桌的态度有赞同，有反对，作者也是列举不同的观点，所以作者对站立式办公桌的态度是客观的。故选A。
B
【文章大意】本文主要讲述了当保安、开卡车、做营业员这些职业之所以幸福指数最低，主要原因是从事这些职业的人都不怎么与他人。同时介绍了对闲聊这一话题的研究数据；还讲述了闲聊的好处；最后给出了结论：所以大家不妨大胆八卦吧！闲聊并非是漫无目的、空耗时间的无聊之举，好打听事儿也无妨！
5.
B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的＂Security
guard,
truck
driver,
salesperson
—
year
after
year,
these
jobs
appear
on
lists
of
the
unhappiest
careers.
Although
many
factors
can
make
a
job
unhappy,
unusual
hours,
low
pay,
no
chance
for
advancement
—
these
three
gigs
stand
out
for
another
reason:
a
lack
of
small
talk.
＂可知作者把保安人员、卡车司机和推销员所感觉出的不幸福都归因于缺乏闲谈。所以B项符合原文之意，故选B。
6.
C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的描述可以推断出第二段所提到的研究的结论是：严肃的谈话与幸福有关。所以C项是研究所得出的结论。故选C。
III.语法填空
【文章大意】本文介绍了中国二十四节气中的寒露以及与其相关的内容。
1.
divides
【解析】考查时态。divide是单数名词calendar的谓语动词，且两者是主动关系，句子叙述一般情况，故用一般现在时，填divides。
2.
lasting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。动词last位于主句之后，应用其非谓语动词形式作状语，该动词与句子主语是主动关系，故用lasting。
3.
less
【解析】考查形容词。由前半句＂The
dew
is
greater
and
colder＂可知，此处表示＂雨水比以前少了＂，故用little的比较级less。
4.
significantly
【解析】考查副词。修饰动词drop应用副词，significance的副词形式是significantly。
5.
does
【解析】考查动词。该空后的动词短语make
sense说明此处的do是助动词，用来强调谓语动词；且该句表示一般情况，应用一般现在时；主语是fishing，故填does。
6.
because
【解析】考查表语从句。由该句结构可知，该空是表语从句的引导词，表示原因，应用because引导。
7.
where
【解析】考查定语从句。由该句结构可知，该空是定语从句的引导词，该引导词指代先行词shallow
water
areas在从句中作地点状语，故用where。
这周坚持得不错，奖励一下自己哦！同位语从句
高考频度：★★★☆☆
难易程度：★★★★☆
1.An
increasing
number
of
learners
are
buying
online
courses
in
the
belief
________
they
are
much
convenient
and
cheaper.
A.
which
B.
if
C.
whether
D.
that
【答案】D
【解析】考查同位语从句。that引导的同位语从句是对前面的抽象名词进行解释说明。此句中横线后的句子便是对前面抽象名词belief的解释说明也不缺成分。故选D。
2.News
came
from
the
school
office
______
Wang
Lin
had
been
admitted
to
Peking
University.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
where
【答案】B
【应试必备】一、同位语从句的基本用法：1.
同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步解释、说明该名词的具体内容。同位语从句常跟在名词idea,
fact,
news,
hope,
thought,
suggestion等抽象名词之后；二、分割式同位语从句及其他情况
1.The
manager
put
forward
a
suggestion_________
we
should
have
an
assistant.
There
is
too
much
work
to
do.
A.whether
B.that
C.which
D.what
2.
_________difficult
the
task
may
be,
we
must
finish
it
on
time,
because
there
is
a
possibility_________
we’ll
be
fired
if
we
can’t.
A.Whatever;
that
B.However;
that
C.Whatever;
which
D.However;
as
3.Modern
science
has
given
evidence
_________
smoking
can
lead
to
many
diseases.
A.what
B.which
C.that
D.where
4.They
are
faced
with
the
hard
choice_________
they
should
stay
for
another
day
or
return
home
at
once.
A.what
B.which
C.that
D.whether
5.
_________he
told
Tom’s
parents
was
the
news
_________Tom
had
been
admitted
to
a
key
university,
_________,
of
course,
made
them
feel
very
excited.
A.What;
which;
which
B.That;
that;
which
C.What;
that;
which
D.That;
that;
what
6.A
warm
thought
suddenly
came
to
me_________I
might
use
the
pocket
money
to
buy
some
food
for
someone
in
need.
A.that
B.when
C.if
D.which
参考答案
1.B
【解析】考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导同位语从句，解释说明suggestion的具体内容，且从句句意和句子成分完整，故用that。
【知识归纳】that引导名词性从句时在句中不作成分，没有意义，只起连接词的作用；引导宾语从句可以省略that；引导定语从句时that既可以指人，也可以指物，在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语，有时还可以代替关系副词when，
where，
why在句中作状语。
2.B
【解析】考查混合复合句。句意：无论那项任务可能有多难，我们必须按时完成它，因为如果我们不能按时完成它，我们就有被解雇的可能。分析句子结构可知，第一空考查的是让步状语从句，又结合句意可知，用However引导；第二空考查的是同位语从句，用that引导。故B项正确。
3.C
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：现代科学已经给出了证据，吸烟能导致许多疾病。分析句子结构可知，句中横线后面的内容主要说明evidence的具体内容，所以是同位语从句，又因为从句成分完整，根据句意可知，应选C。
进步，在于总结。我在这，总结在哪儿？
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________表语从句
高考频度：★★★☆☆
难易程度：★★★★☆
1.（2016·北京卷·单项填空）The
most
pleasant
thing
of
the
rainy
season
is
______________
one
can
be
entirely
free
from
dust.
A.
what
B.
that
C.
whether
D.
why
【答案】B
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：雨季最令人愉悦的就是人们可以完全不再受到沙尘的困扰。is后跟从句作表语，即表语从句，表语从句中不缺少主语、谓语和宾语，因此用that，that只起连接作用，故选B。
2.As
John
Lennon
once
said,
life
is
________
happens
to
you
while
you
are
busy
making
other
plans.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
where
【答案】C
【应试必备】引导表语从句的连接词主要有：连接词：that，whether连接代词：who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever
whomever，whichever，whatever连接副词：when，where，how，why
1.
连接词引导The
reason
for
his
absence
is
that
he
hasn’t
been
informed.
他缺席的原因就是他没接到通知。The
question
remains
whether
they
will
be
able
to
help
us.
问题还是他们能否帮我们。2.
连接代词和连接副词引导The
problem
is
who
will
take
charge
of
this
shop.
问题是谁将接管这家店铺。That
is
when
I
realized
the
importance
of
journalism.
那时我才意识到新闻工作的重要性。注意：（1）as/as
if/as
though引导的表语从句常跟在特定动词后面，如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，
1.
We
were
both
travelling
across
Europe,
and
that’s
______________
we
first
met.
A.which
B.whether
C.when
D.whom
2.
The
great
thing
about
music
is
______________
it
can
bring
people
of
different
cultural
backgrounds
together.
A.which
B.what
C.that
D.whether
3.
—Are
you
a
native
of
this
town
—I
was
born
in
New
York,
but
this
is
______________
I
grew
up.
A.that
B.what
C.when
D.where
4.
Richard
swims
three
times
a
week
after
work.
This
is
______________
he
keeps
fit.
A.what
B.That
C.how
D.where
5.
Home
is
______________
we
complain
the
most,
but
are
often
treated
the
best.
A.which
B.where
C.that
D.how
参考答案
1.
C
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：我们都正在进行欧洲游，那是我们第一次见面的时候。is后面是表语从句，根据语境可知用when引导。故选C。
2.
C
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：关于音乐的好处是它能将不同文化背景的人聚集在一起。is后面是表语从句，表语从句的内容和成分都是完整的，用that引导。故选C。
3.
D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：我出生在纽约，但是这（城镇）是我生长的地方。根据句意，此处为表语从句，从句中缺少地点状语。故选D。
进步，在于总结。我在这，总结在哪儿？
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
He
sets
the
fox
to
keep
the
geese.
引狼入室。If
you
make
yourself
an
ass,
don’t
complain
if
people
ride
you.
人善被人欺，马善被人骑。It
takes
three
generations
to
make
a
gentleman.
十年树木，百年树人。Justice
has
long
arms.
天网恢恢，疏而不漏。周末培优
高考频度：★★★★☆
难易程度：★★★☆☆
Maybe
it
is
time
for
the
rest
of
society
to
get
used
to
the
fact
_________
I
may
not
be
able
to
walk,
there
are
many
other
great
things
I
can
do.
A.
that
B
.whether
C.
although
D.
that
while
【答案】
D
【解析】句意：或许对于这个社会的其他人来说应该习惯这个事实，那就是尽管我可能不会走路了，但是我可以做其他很多伟大的事情。分析句子结构可知，that引导的是fact的同位语从句，在这个同位语从句中
while引导了一个让步状语从句。
【应试必备】名词性从句中that不宜省略的几种情况宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略，但在以下情况时，that不宜省略。
一、当动词后带有两个并列的宾语从句时，引入第二个从句的连词that不可省略。如：
The
teacher
told
the
students
(that)
they
should
hand
in
their
homework
the
next
day
and
that
the
homework
must
be
signed
names
by
their
parents.
老师告诉学生他们要在第二天交上作业，并且作业必须由家长签名。
二、当that前面有插入语时，that不宜省略。如：
Little
Alice
didn't
know,
I'm
sure,
that
her
sister
was
going
to
America.
我确信，小艾丽斯不知道她的姐姐很快就要去美国了。
三、省略答语中，that宾语从句单独出现时，that不可省略。如：
—What
did
he
say
他说了什么
—That
he
would
visit
the
Great
Wall.
(他说)他将会参观长城。
四、当主句的状语部分位于that
宾语从句之前时，that不宜省略。如：
Jane
realized
at
once
that
she
must
do
with
it
herself.
珍立刻意识到她必须亲自处理那件事。(如省略that，at
once也可能修饰从句，是表示＂立刻意识到……＂，还是表示＂立刻去处理……＂，较为含糊)
五、
当that
宾语从句中的状语部分位于从句的前部时，that不宜省略。如：
六、当that
宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that一般不宜省略。如：
I
will
never
tell
anyone
that
you
have
ever
been
there.
我绝对不会告诉别人你曾经去过那儿。
七、当为了强调而把that引导的主语从句位于句首时，that不可省略。如：
That
they
would
take
the
risk
was
very
clear.
他们将要冒这个险是很清楚的了。
八、当主句中的谓语动词是固定词组时，其宾语that从句中的
that
不宜省略。如：
Mary
has
made
up
her
mind
that
she
will
study
hard
for
the
scholarship,
so
she
can
have
the
chance
to
go
abroad
for
further
study.
玛丽下定决心努力学习以获得奖学金资格，这样她就有机会出国深造了。
九、当that
宾语从句前有
it作其形式宾语时，that不可省略。如：
We
think
it
important
that
college
students
should
master
at
least
one
foreign
language.我们认为大学生至少掌握一门外语是很重要的。
十、当引导同位语从句时，that一般不可省略，尤其当that与先行词处于分割情况时。如：
He
heard
the
news
that
his
team
had
won.
他听到了他的队获胜的消息。
There
is
a
feeling
in
me
that
they
are
cheating
me.
我有一种感觉他们在骗我。
十一、当that
宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或是主语从句时，that不可省略。如：
The
doctor
said
that
taking
exercise
was
the
best
way
of
losing
weight.
医生说运动是最好的减肥方式。
I．单项填空
1.Everyone
could
see
what
was
happening
and
_________
poor
Mary
was
nearly
frightened.
A.
that
B.
whether
C./
D.
what
2.We
don’t
doubt,
in
any
case,
_________
_he
keeps
his
word.
A.
/
B.
that
C.
what
D.
which
3.One
of
the
men
held
the
view
_________
the
book
said
was
right.
A.
what
that
B.
that
which
C.
that
what
D.
which
that
4.
He
made
a
promise
_________
anyone
set
him
free
he
would
make
him
very
rich.
A.
that
B.
if
C.
what
D.
that
if
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.After
looking
at
the
toy
for
some
time，he
turned
around
and
found
where
his
parents
were
missing.
2.Whoever
was
responsible
for
the
accident
is
not
yet
clear.
3.We
never
doubt
whether
he
is
honest.
4.If
she
comes
or
not
doesn’t
concern
me.
5.I
feel
it
a
terrible
thing
which
my
mother
should
have
to
toil
so
endlessly.
6.The
fact
is
what
he
didn’t
notice
the
car
until
too
late.
7.The
reason
why
he
was
late
was
because
he
didn’t
catch
the
early
bus.
8.Your
brother’s
health
is
not
which
it
used
to
be.
9.Obviously
there
was
little
probability
which
they
would
succeed，but
they
didn’t
mind.
10.The
proposal
has
been
put
forward
what
the
flight
should
be
cancelled.
参考答案
I．单项填空
Ⅱ.单句改错
进步，在于总结。我在这，总结在哪儿？
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
