每周一测
Ⅰ.
单项填空
1.The
neighborhood
________
I
was
brought
up
is
now
a
business
center
in
which
I
fail
to
find
any
memory
of
my
childhood.
A.
when
B.
where
C.
what
D.
which
2.The
scientist
and
his
achievement
in
physics
________our
professor
told
us
about
are
greatly
admired
by
us
all.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
what
D.
as
3.I
bought
a
great
many
books,
________I
spent
all
my
money
that
I
saved.
A.
which
B.
what
C.
on
which
D.at
which
4.A
new
atmosphere
is
being
formed
among
us
this
year________
we
stress
effective
work
and
oppose
empty
talk.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
when
D.
which
5.
________many
of
you
know,
the
birthday
of
the
Communist
Party
of
China
is
on
the
first
of
July.
A.
Which
B.
That
C.
What
D.As
6.Actually,
there
are
grammatical
mistakes
many
students
make________
keep
them
from
writing
the
good
compositions.
A.
what
B.
that
C.
who
D.
whether
7.—Are
you
getting
on
well
with
your
partner
—Not
at
all.
We've
almost
come
to
the
point
________we
have
to
separate.
A.
why
B.
where
C.
which
D.as
8.We
have
a
learning
center
______
kids
do
independent
and
self-directed
learning
activities.
A.
which
B.
when
C.
where
D.
whose
9.We
are
living
in
an
age________
QR
codes(二维码)are
becoming
more
and
more
popular
in
our
daily
life.
A.
why
B.
that
C.
whose
D.
when
II.阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Best
comic
book
shops
for
NYC
kids
BLAM!
POW!
Festival
is
coming
to
town
(Jan.
9
and
10
at
the
69th
Regiment
Armory),
with
signings,
panels,
and
miles
and
miles
of
comic
books.
If
you’re
a
full-blown
comics
nerd(书呆子)
yourself,
a
trip
to
the
city’s
coolest
comic
book
stores
will
be
a
good
choice
as
you
count
down
to
the
big
day.
Bulletproof
Comics
and
GamesFans
will
find
everything
from
the
kid-friendly Tiny
Titans series
to
the
latest
issue
of X-Men.
On
weekends,
families
can
even
join
a
video
game
tournament
(all
ages
welcome).
2178
Nostrand
Ave,
Brooklyn
Forbidden
PlanetThis
store
packs
plenty
of
interstellar(星际的)
action: Star
Wars and Star
Trek action
figures,
vehicles
and
various
other
collectibles(收藏品)
compete
for
shelf
space
with
comic
books
and
insidery
trade
paperbacks.
Upstairs,
young
readers
can
browse
through
the
store’s
extensive
manga(漫画)
and
anime(动漫)
selection.
840
Broadway
at
13th
St
Jim
Hanley’s
UniverseBesides
the
galactic
array(银河阵列)
of
comic
books,
such
collectibles
as
Captain
America’s
shield
and
Iron
Man’s
helmet
attract
budding(初露头角的)
superheroes
(and
their
parents,
too).
4
W
33rd
St
between
Fifth
and
Sixth
Aves
Silver
Age
ComicsNestled
in
a
corner
of
the
Ditmars
Boulevard
subway
station,
this
store’s
unique
cool
location
is
extra-convenient
for
families
on
the
move.
Plus,
its
entire
collection
is
catalogued
online,
so
you’ll
know
if
that
rare
issue
of Doom
Patrol is
in
stock
before
you
head
out.
22-55
31st
St
between
Ditmars
Blvd
and
23rd
Ave,
Astoria,
Queens
Midtown
ComicsWant
to
find
the
best Spider-Man book
to
get
your
child
up
to
speed
Just
ask
one
of
the
knowledgeable,
blue
T-shirtclad
staffers(包层员工).
Limited-time
discounts
are
available,
among
them
an
Easter
Sunday
special:
20
percent
off
everything.
200
W
40th
St
between
Seventh
and
Eighth
Aves
(See
websites
for
other
locations.)
1.
In
which
comic
book
shop
can
you
save
money
A.
Midtown
Comics.
B.
Forbidden
Planet.
C.
Bulletproof
Comics
and
Games.
D.
Jim
Hanley’s
Universe.
2.
If
you’re
interested
in
collectibles
related
to
Captain
America,
you
may
go
to
_____________.
A.
840
Broadway
at
13th
St
B.
200
W
40th
St
between
Seventh
and
Eighth
Aves
C.
2178
Nostrand
Ave,
Brooklyn
D.
4
W
33rd
St
between
Fifth
and
Sixth
Aves
3.
What
is
the
difference
between
Silver
Age
Comics
and
the
other
comic
book
shops
A.
It
is
so
famous
for
its
cool
location
that
many
families
go
there
by
subway.
B.
It
holds
activities
for
families
to
join
a
video
game
tournament
on
weekends.
C.
You
can
get
information
about
the
book
you
want
online
before
going
there.
D.
You
can
find
other
locations
of
it
on
the
Internet
without
any
difficulty.
B
Everyone
makes
mistakes.
1
.
Making
a
mistake
at
work,
however,
can
be
more
serious.
It
may
cause
problems
for
your
employer
and
even
affect
the
company’s
bottom
line.
Evil
consequences
will
finally
come
down
to
you.
Simply
correcting
your
mistake
and
moving
on
may
not
be
an
option.
When
you
make
a
mistake
at
work
your
career
may
depend
on
what
you
do
next.
Admit
your
mistake.
Tell
your
boss
about
your
mistake
immediately.
The
only
exception
is
if
you
make
an
insignificant
error
that
will
not
affect
anyone.
Otherwise,
don’t
try
to
hide
your
mistake.
2
.
Present
your
boss
with
a
plan
to
fix
your
mistake.
When
you
go
to
your
boss
to
admit
your
mistake,
you
must
have
a
plan
for
correcting
it.
Present
your
plan
clearly.
Tell
your
boss
how
long
it
will
take
to
carry
out
your
plan
and
if
there
are
any
costs
involved.
Don’t
blame
anyone
else
for
your
mistake.
3
.
Encourage
those
who
may
share
responsibility
to
follow
your
lead
in
admitting
to
your
boss.
4
.
There’s
a
big
difference
between
admitting
your
mistake
and
beating
yourself
up
about
it.
Take
responsibility
but
don’t
blame
yourself
for
making
it,
especially
in
public.
Correct
your
mistake
on
your
own
time.
If
you
have
to
spend
extra
hours
at
work
to
correct
your
mistake,
don’t
expect
to
be
paid
for
that
time.
5
.
A.
Strengthen
your
friendship
with
your
boss
B.
You
will
look
terrible
if
someone
else
discovers
it
C.
You
can
use
your
lunch
hour
or
come
into
work
early
D.
Apologize
for
your
mistake
but
don’t
beat
yourself
up
E.
Pointing
fingers
won’t
help
you
if
you
make
a
mistake
F.
You’ll
feel
ashamed
if
your
colleague
takes
the
responsibility
for
you
G.
Usually
you
can
correct
your
error
or
just
forget
about
it
and
move
on
III.语法填空
Located
in
the
northwest
of
Hunan
Province,
about
300
kilometers
away
from
Changsha,
capital
of
Hunan.
Zhangjiajie,
1
covers
a
total
area
of
9,563
square
kilometers,
is
a
tourist
city
for
its
unique
natural
scenery
and
abundant
tourism
resources.
Zhangjiajie
2
(award)
the
title
of
＂World
Geological
Park＂
in
2004.
3
(actual),
Zhangjiajie,
honored
as
＂the
most
fantastic
mountain
under
heaven＂
and
＂a
walking
Chinese
landscape
painting＂,
is
also
widely
praised
as
＂
4
enlarged
potted
landscaping＂＂a
mini
fairyland＂
and
＂a
maze(迷宫)
of
nature＂,
attracting
a
growing
number
of
tourists
5
home
and
abroad.
Since
it
was
discovered
in
the
1980s,
tourism
industry
6
(become)
the
leading
industry
in
Zhangjiajie,
which
has
stimulated
the
development
of
other
industries
7
(relate)
to
tourism.
At
the
same
time,
eco-tourism
has
been
developed
rapidly
in
Zhangjiajie.
When
you
come
to
Zhangjiajie,
you
can
fully
appreciate
8
(it)
magnificent
natural
scenery
and
experience
appealing
folk
custom
as
well
as
other
thrilling
tourist
9
(activity),
and
you
will
be
deeply
impressed
by
10
is
performed
by
the
minorities
there.
It
must
be
an
exciting,
joyful
and
unforgettable
tour
to
Zhangjiajie.
I.单项填空
3.C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:我买了很多书，这些书花了我积攒的所有钱。此处为"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句，该题中介词的选择是依据固定搭配"spend
sth.
on
sth."的，故应用on
which来引导该定语从句。
4.B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：今年我们正在形成一种新的氛围，在这种氛围中，我们重视有效的工作，反对空谈。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中引导定语从句，先行词为A
new
atmosphere，为抽象的地点概念，故应用where来引导该定语从句。
5.D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：正如你们许多人所知，中国共产党的生日是7月1日。as用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，用于指代整个主句。位于句首只能用As。故选D。
II.阅读理解
A
【文章大意】本文是一则广告。介绍了几家针对纽约市的孩子们的销售喜剧书的书店。
1.
A
【解析】考查细节理解。根据Midtown
Comics部分第三句＂Limited-time
discounts
are
available,
among
them
an
Easter
Sunday
special:
20
percent
off
everything.＂可知，在这家书店的书籍有限时打折的活动，可以省钱。故选A。
2.
D
【解析】考查细节理解。根据Jim
Hanley’s
Universe提到的＂Besides
the
galactic
array(银河阵列)
of
comic
books,
such
collectibles
as
Captain
America’s
shield＂和＂4
W
33rd
St
between
Fifth
and
Sixth
Aves＂可知，如果你对与美国队长有关的收藏书感兴趣，可以去位于4
W
33rd
St
between
Fifth
and
Sixth
Aves的Jim
Hanley’s
Universe书店。故选D。
3.
C
【解析】考查细节理解，根据Silver
Age
Comics部分的第二句＂Plus,
its
entire
collection
is
catalogued
online,
so
you’ll
know
if
that
rare
issue
of Doom
Patrol is
in
stock
before
you
head
out.＂可知，这家书店与其他书店不同的是它有网上目录，在去书店之前你可以从网上得到你想要的书籍的信息。故选C。
B
【文章大意】每个人都会犯错，但是如果在工作的时候犯错后果会更严重，文章针对烦了错误之后该怎么做给出了一些建议。
1.
G
【解析】根据上文＂Everyone
makes
mistakes.＂每个人都会犯错，下文应该是：你可以纠正错误，或不管它，继续生活。故选G。
2.
B
【解析】根据上文＂Otherwise,
don’t
try
to
hide
your
mistake.＂不要隐藏错误，下文应该是：如果其他人发现了，你会看起来很糟糕。故选B。
III.语法填空
【文章大意】文章介绍张家界是湖南著名的旅游景点，它的美丽风景让游客着迷。
1.
which
【解析】这里是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Zhangjiajie，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，用which引导。故填which。
2.
was
awarded
【解析】Zhangjiajie和award是被动关系，而且时间是in
2004，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数。故填was
awarded。
3.
Actually
【解析】修饰整个句子要用副词。故填Actually。
4.
an
【解析】这里指＂一个大型的盆景＂，用不定冠词，enlarged是元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
5.
from/at
【解析】和home
and
abroad搭配可以用from或at。故填from/at。
6.
has
become
【解析】由时间状语Since
it
was
discovered
in
the
1980s可知要用现在完成时，主语是单数，故填has
become。
7.
related
【解析】这里要用非谓语动词作定语，other
industries和relate是被动关系。故填related。
8.
its
这周坚持得不错，奖励一下自己哦！
PAGE
-
2
-关系副词
高考频度：★★★★★
难易程度：★★★★☆
1.（2016·天津）We
will
put
off
the
picnic
in
the
park
until
next
week,
the
weather
may
be
better.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
which
D.
when
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。这是一个定语从句，先行词是next
week，定语从句缺少时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。故选D。
2.(2015·北京)Opposite
is
St.
Paul's
Church,
_________
you
can
hear
some
lovely
music.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
when
D.
where
【答案】D
关系副词引导的定语从句1.关系副词when，where，why的先行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为reason)的名词，在从句中作状语。有时可用＂介词＋which＂结构替换。 I
still
remember
the
day
when
I
first
came
to
Beijing.我还记得我第一次来北京的那天。2.当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，即使先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词仍用which/that。 Is
this
the
reason
(that)
he
explained
for
his
rudeness
at
the
meeting 这是他在会议上解释的无礼的原因吗？3.当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如：point，situation，case，stage等，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句；如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。 The
media
can
often
help
solve
problems
and
draw
attention
to
situations
where
help
is
needed.媒体经常能够帮助解决问题，把注意力吸引到需要帮助的情况。关系代词和关系副词的选择用法依据根据从句谓语动词若是及物动词，后面若无宾语，用关系代词；若是不及物动词则用关系副词。根据关系词在从句中作的成分把关系词放进定语从句中，若作主语或宾语用关系代词；作状语则用关系副词。
I.
用适当的关系词填空
1.
Do
you
remember
the
scene
________
Cao
Cao
and
Liu
Bei
were
drinking
2.
I
walked
up
to
the
top
of
the
hill
with
my
friends,
we
enjoyed
a
splendid
view
of
the
lake.
3.
I
will
never
forget
the
days
________
I
was
taken
good
care
of
in
that
village.
4.
Do
you
know
the
reason
John
is
so
angry
5.
None
of
us
know
the
reason
________
Tom
was
absent
from
the
meeting.
II.单项填空
1.Experiments
with
domestic
dogs,
one
animal
was
given
a
treat
and
another
denied,
have
shown
that
they
possess
a
sense
of
fairness
as
they
shared
their
treats.
A.
what
B.
where
C.
that
D.
which
2.Do
you
know
the
reason
Mary
is
crying
A.
when
B.
where
C.
why
D.
that
3.
As
the
smallest
child
of
his
family,
Alex
is
always
longing
for
the
time
__
he
should
be
able
to
be
independent.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
whom
D.
when
4.
I
don’t
become
a
serious
climber
until
the
fifth
grade,
______
I
went
up
to
rescue
a
kite
that
was
stuck
in
the
branches
of
a
tree.
A.
when
B.
where C.
which D.
why
参考答案
I.
用适当的关系词填空
1.
where
2.
where
3.
when
4.
why5.
why
II.单项填空
进步，在于总结。我在这，总结在哪儿？
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________考点
介词+关系代词
高考频度：★★★★★
难易程度：★★★★☆
1.(2017·江苏卷)
In
1963
the
UN
set
up
the
World
Food
Programme,
one
of
________
purposes
is
to
relieve
worldwide
starvation.
A.
which
B.
its
C.
whose
D.
whom
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，one
of
________
purposes
is
to
relieve
worldwide
starvation是非限制性定语从句，先行词是the
World
Food
Programme，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作定语，修饰名词purposes，所以用关系代词whose引导，故选C项。句意：1963年，联合国成立了世界粮食计划署，其目的之一就是缓解世界范围内的饥荒。
2.（2016
江苏卷）Many
young
people,
most
_________were
well-educated,
headed
for
remote
regions
to
chase
their
dreams.
A.
of
which
B.
of
them
C.
of
whom
D.
of
those
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是Many
young
people，关系代词whom指代先行词，在定语从句中作介词of的宾语。句意：很多年轻人都前往偏远地区追求它们的梦想，其中大部分人都受过良好教育。故C项正确。
【知识拓展】●＂介词＋关系代词＂的用法当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，我们通常用＂介词＋关系代词＂引导定语从句。如果指＂人＂，用＂介词＋whom＂；如果指＂物＂，用＂介词＋which＂。
●使用＂介词＋关系代词＂要注意以下几点：1.选用介词的依据：(1)
根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。(2)
根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。(3)
根据句子的意思来选择。(4)
表示＂所有＂关系或＂整体中的一部分＂时，通常用介词of。2.在定语从句中，含介词的短语动词不可拆开使用(短语拆开后含义发生变化)，如look
after,
look
for等。3.＂of
which
/
whom＂有时可以用＂whose＋名词＂结构来改写。4.当先行词为way并且定语从句中缺少状语时，通常用in
which或that引导定语从句(in
which或that可省略)；如果定语从句中不缺少状语，则用关系代词引导(that
或which
可省略)。
I.用适当的关系词填空
1.(2017·浙江)
Italy,
_________
has
a
much
weaker
tradition
of
immigration,
has
witnessed
a
sharp
increase
in
immigration
in
recent
years.
2.(2017·北京)
If
we
use,
to
achieve
our
purposes,
a
mechanical
agency
with
_________
operation
we
cannot
effectively
interfere(干预),
we
had
better
be
quite
sure
that
the
purpose
put
into
the
machine
is
the
purpose
which
we
really
desire.
3.
(2017·北京)This
is
called
“herd
immunity”,
________
protects
the
people
who
get
hurt
easily,
including
those
________
can’t
be
vaccinated
for
medical
reasons,
babies
too
young
to
get
vaccinated
and
people
on
________
the
vaccine
doesn’t
work.
4.Her
performances
on
the
stage
were
perfect，________
made
a
lot
of
people
admire
her.
II.单项填空
1.Human
facial
expressions
differ
from
those
of
animals
in
the
degree
________
they
can
be
controlled
on
purpose.
A.with
which
B.to
which
C.of
which
D.for
which
2.Gun
control
is
a
subject_________
Americans
have
argued
for
a
long
time.
A.of
which
B.with
which
C.about
which
D.into
which
3.Eric
received
training
in
computer
for
one
year,
___________
he
found
a
job
in
a
big
company.
A.after
that
B.after
which
C.after
it
D.after
this
4.True
friendship
is
like
health,
the
value___________is
seldom
known
until
it
is
lost.
A.of
it
B.on
which
C.of
whom
D.of
which
5.With
more
than
17
000
islands,
_________
_only
6
000
are
inhabited,
Indonesia
is
the
world’s
largest
archipelago
(群岛).
A.on
which
B.for
which
C.of
which
D.along
which
6.In
nature
some
animals
actively
defend
the
area_________
_
they
depend
for
the
resources.
A.in
which
B.on
which
C.which
D.where
参考答案
I.用适当的关系词填空
1.which
2.whose
3.which,
who,
whom
4.which
II.单项填空
1.B【解析】考查固定短语的用法。句意：人类的面部表情和动物的面部表情就可控制的程度来说是不一样的。本句是定语从句，先行词是the
degree，to
the
degree是固定短语，意为＂到……程度＂，关系词which在从句中作to的宾语，本句将从句中的介词to提至关系词which前面了。故选B。
2.C
【解析】考查动词短语的辨析。句意：对枪的控制是美国人一直争论的一个话题。argue
about意为＂争论＂；argue
with意为＂和……争论＂，所以此处应用介词about。故选C。
3.B
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句的用法。在这个非限制性定语从句中，先行词是＂Eric
received
training
in
computer
for
one
year＂这件事，关系词在从句中作介词after的宾语，所以关系词应用which。故选B。
4.D
【解析】考查＂介词+关系代词＂结构。句意：真正的友谊犹如健康，直到失去时才知其可贵。此处不能用＂介词+指示代词＂结构；先行词为friendship，指物，故不能用whom；此处表示所属关系，故介词只能用of，所以B项不符合句意。故选D。
【温馨提示】本题易误选A项或者C项。但是考生需要注意,用whom时先行词应指人；如选A,可在逗号后加上连词and。
5.C
【解析】考查＂介词+关系代词＂引导的定语从句。分析句子结构可知选C。of
which中的which指17
000
islands,17
000
islands为先行词。
6.B
【解析】考查＂介词+关系代词＂引导的定语从句。本题中介词的选择与定语从句中的动词有关，depend
on是固定搭配，所以选B。
进步，在于总结。我在这，总结在哪儿？
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________关系代词
高考频度：★★★★★
难易程度：★★★★☆
1.
(2017·新课标卷III·短文改错)Around
me
in
picture
are
the
things
they
were
very
important
in
my
life
at
that
time:
car
magazines
and
musical
instruments.
【参考答案】
they→that/which
【答案解析】考查定语从句。they不能引导定语从句，因为指代things，所以把they改为that或者which。
2.(2017·北京卷·单项填空）The
little
problems
________
we
meet
in
our
daily
lives
may
be
inspirations
for
great
inventions.
A.
that
B.
as
C.
where
D.
when
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是
the
little
problems,
在从句中作
meet的宾语，故选关系代词that。句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的那些小问题有可能会成为伟大发明的灵感。
3.Among
the
many
dangers__________
sailors
have
to
face,
probably
the
greatest
of
all
is
fog.
A.
which
B.
what
C.
where
D.
when
【答案】A
【考点解读】定语从句在高考的基础知识方面的考查主要体现在单选题，语法填空及短文改错中，在单项选择中主要考查定语从句的一些基本用法，如常见关系词的选择，在选择的过程中，一定要注意限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别，定语从句与名词性从句，及状语从句的引导词的区别等，有时也会与其他修饰性的句型结构之间进行误导性考查，如与强调句性等，所以重点掌握的是从高考题中总结规律，达到熟练应用。【应试必备】常见关系代词的基本用法1.
that可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。指人时，相当于who或
whom；指物时，相当于which。不能引导非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语。2.
which指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语。如：The
book
which/that
was
on
the
desk
was
bought
by
my
father.（主语）3.
who,
whom,
whose（1）who:
主格,
在从句中作主语，只可指人（2）whom:
宾格，在从句中只能作宾语;
只可指人（3）whose:
表所属关系，在从句中作定语。译为：某人的，某物的（4）whose
+
名词
=the
+
n.
+
of
which
(某物的)
=
he
+
n.
+
of
whom
(某人的)注意：①
关系代词作介词宾语
(在定语从句中，介词提前时，介词后：表人用
whom；表物用
which)②
关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时,
介词可放于从句之首,
也可放于从句之末.
但以放于句首较为正式.（介词前置，必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。关系代词who
和
that
用作介词宾语时,
介词必须放在句末。）
4.
asas
引导定语从句,
在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语（1）如为限制性的，多用于the
same
…as
;
the
same
as(与……相同)；such
…as
…（如此，这样）;
as
many/much
as（和……一样多）；so/as
…as（与……一样）等结构中。如：（2）如为非限制性的，as还可以单独引导一个定语从句，代替整个主句，这种定语从句可置于句首，句中或句尾，译为＂正如，这一点＂。（动词常为know,
see,
expect,
point
out,
etc.）As
we
all
know,
smoking
is
harmful
to
one's
health
.
(as
作宾语)众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
I.单句语法填空
1.Ellen
was
a
painter
of
birds
and
of
nature,
________,
for
some
reason,
had
withdrawn
from
all
human
society.
2.Care
of
the
soul
is
a
gradual
process
in
________
even
the
small
details
of
life
should
be
considered.
3.That
evening,
________
I
will
tell
you
more
about
later,
I
ended
up
working
very
late.
4.Happiness
and
success
often
come
to
those
________
are
good
at
recognizing
their
own
strengths.
5.Mo
Yan
was
awarded
the
Nobel
Prize
for
Literature
in
2012,
________
made
one
of
the
Chinese
people's
long-held
dreams
come
true.
II.单项填空
1.(2016·北京)I
live
next
door
to
a
couple
________
children
often
make
a
lot
of
noise.
A.
whose
B.
why
C.
where
D.
which
2.
(2016·浙江)
Scientists
have
advanced
many
theories
about
why
human
beings
cry
tears
,
none
of
______
has
been
proved.
A.
whom
B.
which
C.
what
D.
that
3.—Have
you
heard
any
news
about
Sarah
—Yes,
she
was
promoted
to
president
of
her
company,
__________surprised
everyone.
A.who
B.that
C.which
D.it
4.There
is
no
success
without
hard
work;
success
is
something
__________is
only
earned
after
much
labor.
A.which
B.that
C.what
D.不填
5.It
is
said
that
a
most
popular
emoji
(expression
of
emotion
on
the
Internet)
is
the
＂face
with
the
rolling
eyes＂,
______
is
used
in
14
percent
of
text
messages.
A.that
B.what
C.which
D.whose
参考答案
I.单句语法填空
1.
who
句意：埃伦是一个专画鸟类和自然风景的画家。由于某种原因，她远离了人类社会。此题考查非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Ellen。因为关系词指人并且在从句中作主语，所以只能用who。
4.
who
句意：幸福和成功经常青睐那些善于发现自身长处的人。先行词为those，将先行词代入非限制性定语从句后为：Those
are
good
at
recognizing
their
own
strengths.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作主语，且表示＂人＂，故用who。
5.
which句意：莫言被授予2012年诺贝尔文学奖，这使得中国人长久以来拥有的梦想之一变成了现实。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句。
II.单项填空
进步，在于总结。我在这，总结在哪儿？
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________限制性与非限制性定语从句
高考频度：★★★★★
难易程度：★★★★☆
1.（2017·新课标卷I·语法填空）Like
anything,
it
is
possible
to
have
too
much
of
both,
70
is
not
good
for
the
health.
【答案】
which
2.（2017·新课标卷II·短文改错）In
their
spare
time,
they
are
interesting（改为interested）
in
planting
vegetables
in
their
garden,
that
is
on
the
rooftop
of
their
house.
【答案】
which
【解析】非限制性定语从句需要用which引导，故将that改为which。
3.
（2017·新课标卷III·语法填空）But
Sarah,
64
has
taken
part
in
shows
along
with
top
models,
wants
to
prove
(prove)
that
she
has
brains
as
well
as
beauty.
【答案】
who
【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，
64
has
taken
part
in
shows
along
with
top
models是非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为Sarah，指人，要用who。
【应试必备】非限制性定语从句是对意义已经非常明确的先行词给予补充、说明，删去非限制性定语从句，主句的意思仍是概念清晰、结构完整的。非限制性定语从句的引导词有who，whom，which，whose，as，when，where等，that不可用于引导非限制性定语从句，从句之前要用逗号。先行词指人，则用who，whose，which等；先行词指物，要用which；先行词表时间或者地点，并在句中作时间状语或者地点状语时要用when或者where引导。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别1.
形式不同
限制性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中使用时也不停顿；而非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，口语中使用时有停顿。
2.
功能不同
限制性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清；而非限制性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。People
who
take
physical
exercise
live
longer.
进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义)
His
daughter,
who
is
in
Boston
now,
is
coming
home
next
week.
他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。(若把从句去掉，句子意义仍然完整)
3.
翻译不同
在翻译定语从句时，一般把限制性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，而把非限制性定语从句与主句分开。He
is
the
man
whose
car
was
stolen.
他就是汽车被窃的那个人。
I’ve
invited
Jim,
who
lives
in
the
next
flat.
我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。
4.
含义不同
比较下面的两个句子：
I
have
a
sister
who
is
a
doctor.
我有一个当医生的姐姐。(姐姐不止一个)
I
have
a
sister,
who
is
a
doctor.
我有一个姐姐，她是当医生的。(只有一个姐姐)
5.
先行词不同
限制性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子；另外，当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性的普通名词时，通常要用非限制性定语从句，而不用限制性定语从句。Peter
drove
too
fast,
which
was
dangerous.
彼得开车很快，这是很危险的。(which指drive
too
fast)
He
changed
his
mind,
which
made
me
very
angry.
他改变了主意，这使我很生气。(which指整个主句)Mr.
Smith,
who
is
our
boss,
will
leave
for
Japan
next
week.
我们的老板史密斯先生下周要去日本。(先行词为专有名词，要用非限制性定语从句修饰)
Her
father,
who
has
a
lot
of
money,
wishes
her
to
study
abroad.
她父亲很有钱，希望她出国学习。(先行词为表独一无二意义的普通名词，要用非限制性定语从句修饰)
6.
关系词不同
关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中，通常不用于非限制性定语从句；另外，在限制性定语从句中，关系词有时可以省略，而在非限制性定语从句中关系词一律不能省略。
1.(2017·天津卷·单项填空)My
eldest
son,
________
work
takes
him
all
over
the
world,
is
in
New
York
at
the
moment.
A.
that
B.
whose
C.
his
D.
who
2.（2016·天津卷·单项填空）We
will
put
off
the
picnic
in
the
park
until
next
week,
______________
the
weather
may
be
better.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
which
D.
when
3.（2016·全国新课标卷I·语法填空）But
my
connection
with
pandas
goes
back
64（to）
my
days
on
a
TV
show
in
the
mid-1980s,
65
I
was
the
first
Western
TV
reporter
66（permitted）
(permit)
to
film
a
special
unit
caring
for
pandas
rescued
from
starvation
in
the
wild.
4.
It
is
the
third
time
that
she
has
won
the
race,
______________
has
surprised
us
all.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
which
D.
what
5.
When
it
comes
to
the
majority
of
the
latest
technologies
in
the
next
20
years,
______________
has
greater
potential
than
the
technology
being
developed
in
these
young
people’s
company,
______________
in
my
eyes
will
lead
to
a
revolution.
A.
nothing；which
B.
none；where
C.
nothing；where
D.
none；which
参考答案
进步，在于总结。我在这，总结在哪儿？
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________as与which引导的定语从句
高考频度：★★★★★
难易程度：★★★★☆
1.The
number
of
smokers，________is
reported,
has
dropped
by
17
percent
in
just
one
year.
A.it
B.which
C.what
D.as
【答案】D
【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代的是整个主句的含义，故可排除A、C两项。as引导非限制性定语从句时，表示＂如同，正如＂，符合题干意思，故选D项。
2.
It
is
a
truly
delightful
place,
________
looks
the
same
as
it
must
have
done
100
years
ago
with
its
winding
streets
and
pretty
cottages..
A.
as
B.
where
C.
that
D.
which
【答案】D
as与which引导非限制性定语从句的比较一、相同点两者引导非限制性定语从句时，可指代主句中的部分或整个句子的内容，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，位于主句之后有时可互换。The
meeting
was
put
off,
as
/which
was
exactly
what
we
wanted.
会议被推迟了，这正是我们想要的。He
was
a
doctor,
as/which
I
knew
from
his
manner.
他是一名医生，我是从他的举止中知道的。二、不同点1.
as可以放在主句前后，也可插入主句之中；而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于主句之后。As
is
known
to
all,
fish
can’t
live
without
water.
众所周知，鱼离开水无法生存。Air,
as
we
know,
is
gas.
正如我们所知，空气是气体。2.
在非限制性定语从句中，which后的be动词不可省；而as后的be动词可以省略。She
told
me
she
won
the
match,
which
was
a
lie.
她告诉我们她赢得了比赛，这是一个谎言。The
material
is
elastic,
as
(was)
shown
in
the
figure.
这种材料是有弹性的，正如图中所示。3.
which在非限制性定语从句中作主语时可用各类动词作谓语；而as作主语时，谓语常用系动词，如be，seem，become等，一般不用其他行为动词。He
saw
the
girl,
which
delighted
him.
他看见了那个女孩，这让他很高兴。He
didn’t
say
anything
at
the
meeting,
as/which
seemed
very
strange.
他在会议上一言未发，这看起来非常奇怪。4.
as常用＂正如＂含义，常用的结构有as
we
know（众所周知）；as
often
happens（正如常发生的那样）；as
is
often
the
case（情况常常如此）；as
we
all
can
see（正如我们看到的）；be
announced
/
expected
/
known
/
imagined
/
mentioned
/
said
/
shown
/
reported等。这些结构常放句首，偶尔也可以放句中或句末。As
is
known
to
all,
China
is
a
developing
country.
众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。Kate
was
late
for
school,
as
often
happened.
凯特上学迟到了，正如常发生的那样。5.
在非限制性定语从句中，which可指代主句中的某一个单词，as不可以。My
brother
enjoyed
playing
basketball,
which
he
really
plays
well.
我哥哥喜欢打篮球，他打得非常好。Beijing,
which
he
was
born
in,
is
our
capital.
北京，他出生的地方，是我们的首都。6.
＂介词+关系代词（介宾代物）＂中关系代词只能用which。The
Travel
Agency,
with
which
our
company
has
been
dealing
for
several
years,
has
opened
for
new
branches.
那家与我们交易了好几年的旅行社又开了新的分店。Air
is
a
mixture
of
gases,
of
which
oxygen
forms
21
percent.
空气是一种气体的综合体，其中氧气占了21%。7.
从句中的谓语动词是否定形式时，常用which。
He
can
write
a
letter
in
English,
which
I
can
not.
他可以用英语写信，我不能。Metal
will
bear
beating
with
a
hammer,
which
a
stone
will
not.
金属能承受得住用锤子敲打，但是石头则不能。8.
非限制性定语从句中的关系代词代表前面主句中的宾语从句时，常用which。He
said
he
had
passed
the
exam,
which
was
untrue.
他说他通过了考试，这是假的。
1.
—Dad,
let’s
go
white-water
rafting!
—Ok.
But
equip
yourself
first.
It
is
not
such
an
easy
job
______________
it
looks.
A.as
B.which
C.that
D.what
2.
______________
is
often
the
case,
a
small
child
will
feel
unhappy
and
cry
a
lot
the
first
time
he
or
she
goes
to
kindergarten.
A.As
B.Which
C.That
D.What
3.
The
beginning
of
the
story
is
excellent,
______________
is
the
ending,
______________
leaves
us
much
to
think.
A.as；which
B.so；that
C.as；that
D.such；which
4.
A
Bridge
Too
Far
is
a
book
written
by
Cornelius
Ryan,
______________
was
made
into
a
film
in
1977.
A.that
B.which
C.what
D.it
5.
It
rained
very
hard
yesterday,
______________
prevented
me
from
going
to
the
school.
A.that
B.it
C.as
D.which
参考答案
引导。
3.
A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这个故事的开头很好，正如结尾一样，留给我们很多需要思考的东西。本句中前文＂The
beginning
of
the
story
is
excellent＂为下文＂is
the
ending＂的逻辑主语，用as引导定语从句时，先行词可以是一个词，也可以是一句话。so和such无此用法。第二空为非限定性定语从句，先行词＂The
beginning
of
the
story＂为下文定语从句的逻辑主语，指物，故关系词用which。选A。
4.
B
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：《遥远的桥》是Cornelius
Ryan所写的一本书，在1977年被拍成了电影。which引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。故选B项。
【易错提醒】本题易误选A项或者D项。that和which
均可引导定语从句，但是that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故可排除A项。由于空格前缺少连词，因此不能用it。
进步，在于总结。我在这，总结在哪儿？
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________周末培优
高考频度：★★★★☆
难易程度：★★★☆☆
1.
—He
wrote
a
lot
of
novels,
none
of
______________
were
popular.
—It’s
the
same
with
his
wife.
She
wrote
some
plays,
but
none
of
______________
was
a
success.
A.
these；them
B.
which；which
C.
those；which
D.
which；them
【答案】D
2.
After
the
war,
a
new
school
building
was
put
up
______________
there
had
once
been
a
theatre.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
which
D.
when
3.
After
living
in
Paris
for
fifty
years
he
returned
to
the
small
town
______________
he
grew
up
as
a
child.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
that
D.
when
【答案】2.
B
3.
B
【解析】定语从句中有表示地点的先行词，而地点状语从句中则没有；定语从句的关系词根据需要可用＂介词+which＂来代替where，而地点状语从句则通常只能由where引导。因此第2题中无表示地点的先行词，是表示地点的状语从句，故填where，第3题中the
small
town是先行词，为定语从句，故填where，也可用in
which替换。
【应试必备】定语从句与其他从句的区别一、限制性定语从句与同位语从句的区别关系副词引导限制性定语从句中的关系词有跟他们含义相应的先行词，而引导同位语从句时则没有与他们含义相应的先行词。Sorry,
I’ve
forgot
the
day
when
we
met
for
the
first
time.
抱歉，我记不起我们第一次见面的日子了。（定语从句，先行词the
day
与when含义相应）I’ve
no
idea
when
we
met
for
the
first
time.
我不知道我们第一次是什么时候见面的。（同位语从句，idea与when没有任何联系）
二、定语从句与时间状语从句的区别当定语从句的引导词与时间状语从句的连接词都是when时，定语从句修饰、限制、说明时间名词，只能放在先行词的后面；而时间状语从句说明动作发生的情况，并且可以放在主句的前面。Do
you
know
the
time
when
the
class
is
over
你知道下课的时间吗？（定语从句）It
was
already
five
o’clock
when
the
class
was
over.
=When
the
class
was
over,
it
was
already
five
o’clock.
当课结束时，已经是五点钟了。（时间状语从句）三、定语从句与地点状语从句的区别当定语从句的引导词与地点状语从句的连接词都是where时，定语从句修饰、限制、说明地点名词；而状语从句则说明动作发生的地点，where没有对应的地点名词或代词。This
is
the
place
where
we
used
to
live
a
few
years
ago.
这就是几年前我们常居住的地方。（定语从句）Let’s
go
where
we
can
find
a
better
job.
我们到我们能找到更好工作的地方去吧。（地点状语从句）四、定语从句与强调句型的区别定语从句对名词或代词的修饰和限制，关系词可能是that,
which,
as,
who,
but,
另一方面，句子中的It有所指；而强调句型是对某部分加强语气，强调语气的连接词只能是that,
who，并且句子中的It
没有任何意义；一般比较明显，而有时就难以区别，还需要根据上下文的语境来判断。It
is
a
book
that
he
wants.它究竟是强调句型还是定语从句，就要从语境上来考察。如果它是用来回答What
is
this
/
that
这样的问题，意思是：它是一本他想要的书。句子显然是定语从句。如果是用来回答What
does
he
want
这样的问题，那么意思是：他想要的是一本书。显然，句子是强调句型。五、定语从句与结果状语从句的区别定语从句中的关系词在从句中还要作某种成分，因而从句成分不完整；而结果状语从句中的连接词不作任何句子成分，因此句子成分完整。It
is
such
an
interesting
book
as
we
all
like.
它是我们大家都喜欢的如此有趣的书。（定语从句）It
is
such
an
interesting
book
that
we
all
like
it.
它是一本如此有趣的书，我么大家都喜欢它。（结果状语从句）比较：It
is
such
an
interesting
book
that
we
all
like.
强调句型。意思是：我们大家都喜欢的是一本如此有趣的书。六、定语从句与独立主格结构的区别定语从句一般有关系词、主谓结构完整；而独立主格结构没有关系词、也没有谓语动词。The
book
being
very
interesting,
we
all
like
it.
由于这本书有趣，我们大家都喜欢它。The
book
which
/
that
is
very
interesting
was
published
last
year.
这本有趣的书是去年出版的。
I.单项填空
1.
He
was
born
on
May
5,
and
______________
is
known
as
the
Dragon
Boat
Festival
in
China.
A.
as
B.
which
C.
it
D.
what
2.
All
the
dishes
in
this
menu,
______________
is
stated
above,
will
serve
two
to
three
people.
A.
as
B.
if
C.
though
D.
unless
3.
The
settlement
is
home
to
nearly
1,000
people
and
many
of
______________
left
their
hometowns
for
a
better
life
in
the
city.
A.
whom
B.
which
C.
them
D.
those
4.
Pointing
to
the
house
on
______________
roof
grew
lots
of
bushes,
the
old
man
told
me
that
was
______________
I
would
stay.
A.
its；what
B.
whose；what
C.
whose；where
D.
its；where
5.
Our
special
thanks
go
to
thousands
of
volunteers,
without
______________
tireless
work,
none
of
these
would
be
possible.
A.
which
B.
whom
C.
whose
D.
that
II.
语篇填空
Do
you
know
the
man
__1__wrote
this
book？He
was
Jason，one
of
the
engineers
__2__came
from
Russia
in
the
1950s.He
worked
in
the
same
factory
__3__my
father
once
worked.
When
he
came
to
China，the
first
thing
__4__
he
did
was
to
visit
the
factory
__5__did
research
on
trolleybuses
and
found
out
the
reason
__6__China
was
so
backward
in
it.
Then
he
spent
every
minute
__7__he
could
spare
to
help
China
develop
transportation.__8__is
mentioned
above，Jason
was
a
foreigner
__9__made
great
contributions
to
our
country
and
was
a
kind
man
to
__10__we
should
say
thanks.
III.
语法填空
When
you
decide
you’re
going
to
live
alone，you
get
upset.
This
is
__1__(nature).
But
there’s
no
need
to
get
__2__(worry).
Below
are
some
ideas
__3__
can
help
you
out.
Saving
money
is
__4__
you
need
to
start
several
months
before
you
move
out.
You
need
to
save
enough
money__5__(help)
you
survive
for
at
least
a
month
in
the
new
place.
The
__6__(easy)
of
all
ways
is
to
spend
less!
Search
for
a
place
to
live
in
before__7__(move)
out.
Make
sure
that
the
place
you
choose
is
in
a
good
location.
Besides，you
can
afford__8__.If
you’re
going
to
stay
in
an
expensive
city，find
a
roommate
so
that
you
can
share
the
expenses.
And
if
you
have
to
live__9__your
own
for
a
long
time，you’ll
have
to
look
for
a
part－time
job.
If
you’re__10__student，you
can
work
in
restaurants，theaters，etc.
And
don’t
spend
a
lot
of
money
in
a
wasteful
way!
Try
and
save
every
penny
of
what
you
earn.
参考答案
I.单项填空
II.
语篇填空
1.who/that
2.who/that
3.where
4.that
5.which/that
6.why
7.that
8.As
9.who/that
10.whom
III.
语法填空
1.natural 【解析】考查形容词。句意：当你决定单独生活时，你变得沮丧，这是自然的。分析句子成分可知，空处作表语，故此处需要用nature的形容词形式。
进步，在于总结。我在这，总结在哪儿？
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
