Module 6
Unit 3 Understanding each other
Period 4 Grammar and usage Unreal conditionals
Teaching goal: To master the usage of unreal conditionals
Teaching objectives：
By the end of this period, Ss will be able to:
Language
1. use unreal conditionals to state an imaginary present condition, an imaginary past action and imaginary future situations.
master unreal conditionals without conjunction.
understand unreal conditionals of mixed time.
Skills & strategies
4. develop reading and thinking ability by using unreal conditionals.
5. develop their cognition in grammar, especially the verb forms such as tense, voice and mood (indicative mood, imperative mood, subjunctive mood)
Culture & morals
get interested in learning about the cultural differences in different ethnic groups by using subjunctive mood
Keys & puzzles
1. How to make Ss understand unreal conditionals of mixed time and the ones
without conjunction
2. How to make Ss learn when and how to use unreal conditionals.
Teaching approaches
1. Inductive and deductive methods
2. task-based approach
3. PPP
4. ST
Teaching aids
The multimedia and the blackboard
Teaching procedures
In general
This section Grammar and Usage deals with Subjunctive mood, Unreal conditionals. Not only are the Ss supposed to understand what an unreal conditional is, how subjunctive mood is used to state a present condition, a past action, future situation that is not real or is imaginary, but also learn how to take advantage of subjunctive mood to state conditional sentences of mixed time and unreal conditionals without conjunction if. In this period, Ss will focus their attention on the forms of unreal conditionals at present, past and future time, which are essentials of subjunctive mood. A good master of it will be of great help in learning other forms of subjunctive mood in different sentences. First, Ss show their summary for the rules and features of unreal conditionals based on their previewing homework. That’s a great job! Second, the teacher will give a general description about the three forms of predictive verbs: tense, voice, mood including indicative, imperative and subjunctive. Third, use inductive and deductive methods showing modals of unreal conditionals to state a present condition or situation, giving Ss more sentences to practice, then, exhibiting some situations related realistic life for pair-work to reinforce further. And in the same way fulfill the tasks at a past action and future situations. Fourth, come to the difficulties, sentences of mixed time, unreal conditionals without conjunction. In this part, the most important thing is Ss try to understand different situations and recognize the key words to show the situations. Finally, have a test which is specially designed with various situations mixed for testing Ss’ ability of integrated usage of language.
(学生通过预习归纳总结非真实条件句的法则与特征 老师讲解虚拟语气总的概念 归纳演绎并举展示与现在事实不符的虚拟语气，学生练习，小组巩固练习 以同样的方式展示与过去及将来事实不符的虚拟语气 学生通过练习学习无连词条件句 演绎法展示错综时间条件句 测试 布置作业）
In detail
Step 1 Presentation(5’)
A boy and a girl are to exhibit their summaries for the rules and features of unreal conditionals based on their previewing homework and the answers to exercises on page 40-41 through projector. No assessment is made. Perfect them by themselves during the following teaching procedure.
Step 2 Teaching and learning (25’)
1. Presentation (3’)
Ss are expected to give a general description about the three forms of predictive verbs: tense, voice, mood including indicative, imperative and subjunctive. SS’ interest is to be stimulated by showing the sentence: If there were no subjunctive mood, English would be much easier.
2. Practice (3’)
Ss are shown both classical sentences and ones that interest Ss, which are about unreal present condition or situations, such as,
We use unreal conditionals to state a present condition or situation that is not real or is imaginary.
If I got married in the UK, I would expect a present.
假如我有更多的时间，我就会学习德语。
If I had more time，I would study German.
要是我象你一样年轻,我就会找时间锻炼.
If I were/was young as you, I would find time to exercise.
If I weren’t addicted to QQ games, I would make greater progress in my studies.
3. Pair work (3’)
①. If we didn’t have classes on Sunday, …
② What would you do if you won the lottery? If I won the lottery, I would…
4. In the same way fulfill the tasks at a past action and future situations.(6’)
如果他抓紧时间，就有可能赶上了那趟火车。
If he had hurried, he could have caught the train.
如果你昨天告诉他，也许什么事也不会发生了。
If you had told him yesterday, nothing might have happened.
If I had not been_ busy last night, I would have gone_ to see the film with you.
If he _had driven more carefully, he _would not have had_ the car accident yesterday.
Pair work:
1. If you had taken my advice,…
2. If I had been in the Wenchuan Earthquake,…
We use unreal future conditionals to talk about imaginary future situations.
1) If I had time tomorrow, I would certainly help you.
2) If I were to fail my Maths test, I would have to take it again at the end of the term.
3) If he should come tomorrow, I would talk to him about it.
假如我要出国，我就会去法国。
If I were to go abroad, I would go to France.
万一明天下雨，我们的运动会就推迟。
If it should rain tomorrow, our sports meeting would be put off.
If you got /were to get /should get a full mark next time, I would treat you to a wonderful
performance.
Pair work:
If I should fail the college examination, …
5. come to the difficulties, sentences of mixed time, unreal conditionals without conjunction.
In this part, the most important thing is Ss try to understand different situations and recognize the key words to show the situations.(10’)
无连词条件句 Unreal conditionals without conjunction
If you should come to Brunei, you would have to take off your shoes...
Should you come to Brunei, you would have to take off your shoes...
If you had told me earlier, I would not have this problem now.
Had you told me earlier, I would not have this problem now.
If you were to take the train, you would be there much sooner.
Were you to take the train, you would be there much sooner.
注意: 如果无连词条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时,不能用动词的缩略形式.
我们可以说: Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now. 但是不能说: Weren’t it for …
____ she ____ yesterday, she would meet the famous singer today.
A. Hadn’t; left B. Had; not left C. If; didn’t leave D. Didn’t; leave
错综时间条件句 Unreal conditionals of mixed time
1. If the flower had been watered, it ______ now.
A. wouldn’t die B. is dead C. had been dead D. will not die
2. If his television set had not been stolen yesterday, he ______ TV now.
A. would watch B. would have watched
C. would be watching D. is watching
If you _had studied (study) hard before, you would be _ (be) a college student now and you _would graduate_(graduate) from a college in four years’ time.
Step 3 Consolidation(10’)
Take a test that is specially designed with various situations mixed for testing Ss’ ability of integrated usage of language.
1. Everything if Albert hadn’t called the fire brigade.
A. will be destroyed B. will have been destroyed
C. would be destroyed D. would have been destroyed
2. The business is risky. But, ______, we would be rich.
A. should we succeed B. we should succeed
C. might we succeed D. would we succeed
3. What would have happened, ________, as far as the river bank?
A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther
C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther
4. Supposing this ship ,do you think there would be enough life jackets for all the passengers?
were to sink B. has sunk C. was sinking D. sunk
5. I don’t think he’ll participate in the wedding, and ______ he participate in it, what would he wear?
A. were B. had C. did D. should
6、If he ____ in France ,what language____ he probably speak now?
A、were born, should B、had been born , would
C、was born , might D、would have been born, could
7、If Tom started this morning, he _______ everything ready last night.
A、would get B、should have got
C、will have tot D、got
8、If Bob you in trouble, he would have helped you.
A、had known, had been B、had known, were
C、know, had keen D、knew, were
9.——My boss often made me work day and night.
—— If I _____ you, I ______ the job.
A. am, will give up B. had been, would have given up
C. were, would give up D. had been, would give up
10. ----You can ask your brother for help.
----He isn’t at home. If he ______, I ______.
A. were, would B. is, would C. is, will D. were, will
11. —— Are you thinking about going to Zhangjiajie for the vacation?
—— No, but if I _____ time, I ————— very glad to go there.
12. ______ today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Was he leaving B. If he leaves
C. Were he to leave D. If he is leaving
13. I _____ you some money, but I hadn’t any on me then.
A. would lend B. would have lent
C. could lend D. may have lent
14. If you _______ George, would you please tell him to ring me?
saw B. were to see C. had seen D. see
15. ____ I ____ it with my own eyes, I would not have believed it.
A. Should, not see B. Weren’t, to see
C. Hadn’t, seen D. Had, not seen
Step 4 Discussion(5’)
If time pemmits, Ss are expected to have group work.
What would you do if you had a Magic Latern/ Magic Brush/ Magic Stick and Time Machine…?))
Discussion:
What would you do if you had a…?
Step 5 Homework
Finish Workbook exercises parts C1 and C2 on page 118
Complete the following as a self test
Complete the sentences and translate(40分)
① I would have written before but I ____________________ (be ill).
② If he _______ six more votes, he _______ (be) our chairman now.
③ If it _____ (not be) for the doctor’ care, I _____ (not speak) to you now.
Translate the following into English（30）
① 如果我是你，我会在房子周围种些树。
② 如果当时我们乘车去的话，我们就节省时间了。
③ 要是我来做这工作，我会是另一种做法。
Translate the following into Chinese（30分）
① Had you informed us earlier, we would have taken the necessary steps.
② If I had had any sense, I would have kept quiet about it.
③ I told Ally how to get there, but perhaps I should have written it out for her.
Feedback
Mine
It should have been a tough period for many Ss who are obviously lacking of grammatical knowledge. But Ss had done much previewing work before, summarizing the rules and features for unreal conditionals, fulfilling the exercises on page 40-41 all by themselves and having a good knowledge of unreal conditionals. And I designed my courseware as different colors and figures to attract Ss’ attention changing my simple style and also designed some situation questions which interest Ss, so in the whole grammar teaching period, almost all the Ss were actively thinking, initiatively practicing, making all the teaching aims better gained even including the keys and puzzles: unreal conditionals of mixed time and the ones without conjunction a bit out of my expectation. Of course, the real result will be got after checking their homework tomorrow. And I know some Ss need my help after class. I think, I must strength my belief of giving as many opportunities as possible to Ss for autonomous study. It’s expected to be very effective.
Yours
课件48张PPT。Unit 3 Understanding each otherGrammar and usageSubjunctive mood There are three grammatical forms for English predicative verbs.
They are:
tense
voice
mood在英语中随着说话人意图的不同，动词需用不同的形式，称为语气。英语语气有三种：语气(mood)是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。 Mood 是说话人为表达一种假设,或一种主观愿望,即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非真实或仅是主观设想时所用的动词形式.陈述语气
Indicative
mood用来叙述事实或提出疑问.广泛用于陈述句,疑问句,感叹句
E.g. : I will come tomorrow.2.祈使语气
Imperative
mood是说话人用来向对方下达命令、指示、提出要求、劝告等所用的动词形式.主要用于祈使句.
E.g. ; Don’t write in your book.3.虚拟语气
Subjunctive
mood 虚拟语气，作为日常交际应用中常常会出现的一种语言现象，一直是高考题几乎年年都要考到的一个热点。但对于中国学生来说，它又是一个难点。无怪乎许多学生学习虚拟语气时，常常会叹道：
If there were no subjunctive mood, English
______ much easier.
A. will be B. would have been
C. could have been D. would be 虚拟语气是说话人为表达一种假设,或一种主观愿望,即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非真实或仅是主观设想时所用的动词形式.虚拟语气的定义关键是什么与事实相反！考点与难点归纳1.非真实条件句中虚拟语气的用法
2.名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法
3.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法
4.一般条件句中虚拟语气的倒装
5. 与含蓄条件句
6.虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定考点难点错综时间条件句Unreal conditionals state a condition or situation that is not real or is imaginary. Unreal conditionalsWe use unreal conditionals to state a
present condition or situation that is
not real or is imaginary. E.g. If I got married in the UK,
I would expect a present.We form unreal present conditionals like this:If… was/were/did … ,
…would/could/might do …1. 假如我有更多的时间，我就会学习德语。 If I had more time，I would study German.2. 要是我象你一样年轻,我就会找时间锻炼. If I were/was young as you, I would find time
to exercise. Practice:If I weren’t addicted to QQ games,I would make greater progress in my studies.What would happen if you were not addicted to QQ games?2. What would you do if you won the lottery?
If I won the lottery, I would… Pair work a villa1. If we didn’t have classes on Sunday, …We also use unreal conditionals to
refer to an imaginary past action.E.g. If you had joined the chat room ten
minutes ago, you would have known
what we were talking about.We form unreal past conditionals like this:If … had been/done…,
…would/could/might have done…1) 如果他抓紧时间，就有可能赶上了那趟火车。 If he had hurried, he could have caught
the train.2) 如果你昨天告诉他，也许什么事也不会发生了。 If you had told him yesterday, nothing
might have happened.注：
在英语里，时间关系是通过语法手段（时态）表达出来的，而在汉语里无此语法手段，因此必须通过适当的词汇手段把“与过事实相反”这一层意思表达出来。注意以上例句中的斜体字。If I ___________busy last night,
I _____________ to see the
film with you.had not beenwould have goneIf he _________ more carefully,
he ________________ the car
accident yesterday. would not have had had driven Pair work 1. If you had taken my advice,…
2.If I had been in the YuShu Earthquake,…We use unreal future conditionals to talk
about imaginary future situations.1) If I had time tomorrow, I would certainly
help you.2) If I were to fail my Maths test, I would
have to take it again at the end of the term.3) If he should come tomorrow, I would
talk to him about it.E.g.We form unreal future conditionals like this:If…was/were/did/should/were to…,
…would/should/might do…Practice: 1) 假如我要出国，我就会去法国。 If I were to go abroad, I would go to France.2) 万一明天下雨，我们的运动会就推迟。 If it should rain tomorrow,
our sports meeting would be put off.Mark: 100 If you got /were to get /should get a full
mark next time, I would treat you to a
wonderful performance. Pair work
1.If it were to rain tomorrrow, …
2. If I should fail the college examination, …条件从句If 从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式PresentPastFuturedid（were）had donewould/could/should
/might +do would/could/should
/might +have done1.did
2.should+do
3. were to dowould/could/
should/might +do非真实条件句中虚拟语气的用法 Would, could should and might are often interchangeable, but with some
difference in meaning.would → intention; plancould → ability; possibilitymight → probability2) In written English or in formal situation,
we usually use were in If-clauses in place
of was. However, in everyday conversation,
was is often used.TIP should → ought toWe can also put should, were and had
at the beginning of an unreal conditional
sentence. In this case, if is not needed
any more. Please rewrite the sentences:E.g. If you should come to Brunei, you
would have to take off your shoes... →Should you come to Brunei, you would have to take off your shoes...无连词条件句
Unreal conditionals without conjunction2 ) If you had told me earlier, I would
not have this problem now.→Had you told me earlier, I would
not have this problem now.3) If you were to take the train, you
would be there much sooner. →Were you to take the train,
you would be there much sooner.无连词条件句TIPS注意: 如果无连词条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时,不能用动词的缩略形式.我们可以说: Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now. 但是不能说: Weren’t it for …E.g. ____ she ____ yesterday, she would
meet the famous singer today.
Hadn’t; left B. Had; not left
C.If; didn’t leave D. Didn’t; leave 无连词条件句 当条件状语从句所表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为“错综时间条件句”。在这种情况下，我们切不可照搬某种形式，而应该按照句中所表述的时间关系，再选择相应的虚拟形式。错综时间条件句
Unreal conditionals of mixed time 1. If the flower had been watered,
it ______ now.
A. wouldn’t die B. is dead
C. had been dead D. will not die
2. If his television set had not been stolen
yesterday, he ______ TV now.
A. would watch
B. would have watched
C. would be watching
D. is watching错综时间条件句If you ________(study) hard before, you _______(be) a college student now and you __________(graduate) from a college in four years’ time.had studiedwould bewould graduate如果我们再次失败，那就真的倒霉了。 If we should fail again, we are really ruined
(主句陈述语气)。 If you should meet Tom, tell him I want to
see him. (主句祈使语气) 假如你见着汤姆，告诉他我要见他。So far we have finished learning all the tasks of this period and you have done a good job.
Now here is a test for you to check whether you have mastered what you have learned in this class.
Everything if Albert hadn’t called the fire brigade. A. will be destroyed
B. will have been destroyed
C. would be destroyed
D. would have been destroyed Test 2. The business is risky. But
______, we would be rich.
A. should we succeed
B. we should succeed
C. might we succeed
D. would we succeed3. What would have happened,
________, as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther
B. if Bob should walk farther
C. had Bob walked farther
D. if Bob walked farther4. Supposing this ship ,do you think
there would be enough life jackets for
all the passengers? were to sink B. has sunk
C. was sinking D. sunk5. I don’t think he’ll participate in the
wedding, and ______ he participate in it,
what would he wear?A. were B. had C. did D. should 6、If he ____ in France ,what
language____ he probably speak now?
A、were born, should
B、had been born , would
C、was born , might
D、would have been born, could7、If Tom started this morning, he _______ everything ready last night.
A、would get B、should have got
C、will have tot D、got
8、If Bob you in trouble, he
would have helped you.
A、had known, had been
B、had known, were
C、know, had keen D、knew, were9.——My boss often made me work day
and night.
—— If I _____ you, I ______ the job. A. am, will give up
B. had been, would have given up
C. were, would give up
D. had been, would give up were, would B. is, would
C. is, will D. were, will10. ----You can ask your brother for
help.
----He isn’t at home. If he ______,
I ______.11. —— Are you thinking about going to
Zhangjiajie for the vacation? —— No, but if I _____ time, I ————— very
glad to go there. A. have, will be
B. had had, would have been
C. had, would be
D. had had, would be13. I _____ you some money, but I
hadn’t any on me then.A. would lend B. would have lent
C. could lend D. may have lent12. ______ today, he would get there
by Friday. A. Was he leaving B. If he leaves
C. Were he to leave D. If he is leaving14. If you _______ George, would you
please tell him to ring me?saw B. were to see
C. had seen D. see 15. ____ I ____ it with my own eyes,
I would not have believed it.
A. Should, not see
B. Weren’t, to see
C. Hadn’t, seen
D. Had, not seenMagic LanternMagic BrushMagic StickTime MachineDiscussion:What would you do if you had a…?Summary of this class
一. 英语中语气包括三种:陈述语气,祈使语
气,虚拟语气.
二.虚拟语气用在if 引导的与现在事实,将来
事实,过去事实相反的非真实条件状语从
句中.
三.无连词条件句中的虚拟语气
四.错综时间条件句Homework 1. Finish Parts C1 and C2
on Page 118 in Workbook.
2. Complete a self test
