质量评估1 必修1 Unit 1 Friendship同步练习 （名师解析）

单元质量评估一
(时间：120分钟　满分：120分)
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分　英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
1．When you write compositions, you should try your best to ________ to the point.
A．come　　　　　　　 B．keep
C．make D．get
解析：考查动词短语搭配。keep to the point 中肯，切题。本句意思为“当你写做文章时，你要尽力切题”。其余选项中的动词不与 point 搭配。
答案：B
2．Tom kept quiet about the accident ________ lose his job.
A．not in order to B．in order not to
C．in order to not D．in not order to
解析：in order to 的否定形式作目的状语，所以选B。
答案：B
3．According to the recent research, heavy coffee drinking and heart attack are not necessarily ________ and effect.
A．reason B．cause
C．fact D．affect
解析：考查名词辨析。cause and effect 因果；reason 也表示“理由；原因”，但它是一种推理上的理由，即说明一种看法和行为的“理由”；而 cause 则指客观存在的一种事实或现象的“原因”；fact 表示“事实”，与题目要求不符；affect 是动词，在此处语法不通。
答案：B
4．The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, ________ that he had enjoyed his stay here.
A．having added B．to add
C．adding D．added
解析：adding 作伴随状语，意为“补充说”，可以转换成：The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks and added that he had enjoyed his stay here.
答案：C
5．This publishing firm is planing ________ textbooks.
A．a series new of B．new a series of
C．of a series new D．a new series of
解析：考查短语搭配。a series of 意思为“一系列的”，因为 series 本身是名词，所以用形容词 new 来修饰。
答案：D
6．Weak as the small country is, it dares to say ________ to powerful ones.
A．hello B．yes
C．no D．sorry
解析：say no to... “拒绝……”。
答案：C
7．We need to ________ when we have problems.
A．ask for advices B．asking for advice
C．ask for advice D．ask advice
解析：考查名词 advice 的用法。advice 是不可数名词，“一个建议”要用 a piece of advice。ask for advice 表示“寻求建议”。need to do sth. 表示“需要做某事”，to 后面跟动词原形。
答案：C
8．Protestors (抗议者)________ the meeting by singing and shouting.
A．upset B．attended
C．held D．ignored
解析：upset “搅乱”。句意：抗议者以唱歌和喊叫搅乱了会议。
答案：A
9．Though he was angry at the naughty boy's rudeness, he ________ himself and talked to him with patience.
A．persuaded B．prepared
C．hid D．calmed
解析：考查动词辨析。calm 常与反身代词连用。意思为“平静下来，镇静下来”。persuade 说服；prepare 准备；hide 隐藏。与题干要求不符。
答案：D
10．The music ________ our enjoyment.
A．added up B．added up to
C．added to D．added
解析：add to “增加”；其余各项均不符合题意。
答案：C
11．Eastern areas have ________ too many wars in the past fifty years.
A．got through B．gone through
C．looked through D．passed through
解析：考查动词短语辨析。go through 经受，经历(战争、困难、痛苦等)；get through 做完，完成；look through 仔细检查/寻找；pass through 是不存在的短语。只有 go through 符合题意。
答案：B
12．—Do you mind if I carry on with my work while you ________ tea ready
—No, of course not.
A．are getting B．will get
C．have made D．made
解析：while 表示“在……期间”，后面应用进行时。
答案：A
13．—Excuse me, is this Mr. Smith's office
—I'm sorry, but Mr. Smith ________ works here. He left about three weeks ago.
A．not now B．no more
C．not still D．no longer
解析：考查短语。根据意思首先排除A、C。no longer/not... any longer; no more/not... any more 都表示“不再”，但在用法上稍有不同。谈论数量时，用 no more。谈论时间时，用 no longer。再者，no more 强调频度上的不再发生，相当于 not... again。注意：no longer 一般不与 be 动词连用。
答案：D
14．I was really anxious about you. You ________ home without a word.
A．mustn't leave B．shouldn't have left
C．couldn't have left D．needn't leave
解析：虚拟语气用法。句意：我(那时)真的很担心你，你本不该不留个话就离开家。shouldn't have done sth. 表示本不应该干某事，常用于责备的语气。
答案：B
15．I've told you what the situation is；you must act ________.
A．accordingly B．according to
C．according as D．accordingly to
解析：考查介词短语。according to 根据，后面跟名词或者代词，首先排除。according as 不存在；accordingly 相应地，从而。
答案：A
第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
December 24 arrived along with heavy snow. It was my first Christmas Eve without my mother, and the day's usual __16__ had disappeared.
The telephone rang. I __17__ it and went to my bedroom to bury the continuous __18__， knowing it must be my friend Rebecca calling. How could I be __19__？ I wanted to be left __20__.
My heart felt as __21__ as the falling snow. __22__ can I stop missing my mother
I __23__ the window. Seeing Rebecca's car parked out front, I went back to bed and drew the covers over my head.
“Lucy！” she shouted. “I know you're in there. Answer the door！”
“Leave me alone！”I __24__ back. I heard paper rustling (沙沙作响) as she slid __25__ under the door.
“Merry Christmas，” she called out.
Not answering the __26__ made me feel even __27__. It wasn't fair to my best friend. Her father and sister __28__ in a car accident when she was eight years old. __29__， her mother had to return to __30__， and Rebecca was left to look after herself.
When she left, I carried the small package, sat down and __31__ it. Inside was a gold pen and a journal. When I opened the journal's front cover, out fell a bookmark with a(n) __32__ written on it：
Dear Lucy，
My words won't heal the __33__. But your own words can.
Love，
Rebecca
As I stared at the journal's blank pages, a single tear fell on the page which quickly __34__ it.
That night, I __35__ the phone and dialed her number.
“Looks like the snow is melting，”I said. “Spring was just around the corner.”
16．A.excitement B．disappointment
C．fright D．pity
17．A.answered B．covered
C．picked D．ignored
18．A.pleasure B．puzzle
C．sadness D．interest
19．A.regretful B．joyful
C．comfortable D．careful
20．A.alive B．active
C．alone D．crazy
21．A.light B．white
C．heavy D．clear
22．A.Why B．Where
C．Whether D．How
23．A.looked through B．looked into
C．looked out D．looked up
24．A.brought B．shouted
C．took D．turned
25．A.anything B．something
C．everything D．nothing
26．A.phone B．question
C．letter D．door
27．A.more hopeful B．more attractive
C．worse D．better
28．A.survived B．escaped
C．lived D．died
29．A.As a whole B．As a result
C．In all D．In general
30．A.work B．wash
C．repair D．learn
31．A.closed B．folded
C．opened D．painted
32．A.article B．poem
C．notice D．message
33．A.failure B．pain
C．wish D．shame
34．A.absorbed B．removed
C．focused D．comblined
35．A.picked up B．picked out
C．pushed back D．put away
答案与解析
16．A　在常人眼里，圣诞节充满了兴奋(excitement)与欢乐。
17．D　从下文 knowing it must be my friend Rebecca calling 可知，“我”没有接(ignored)电话，而是走进卧室里想掩盖内心的悲伤(sadness)。
18．C　由上题解析可知。
19．B　妈妈去世了，“我”怎能高兴起来(joyful)呢！
20．C　从第24空前的 Leave me alone! 可推出。
21．C　从上下文可知，此时“我”的心情很沉重(heavy)。
22．D　这是第一个没有妈妈的圣诞节，“我”怎能(How)不想念妈妈？
23．A　从情景推断，我在房间，朋友在外面，所以“我”从窗户向外看(looked through)。
24．B　Rebecca 大声说话，要求“我”开门，“我”大声回应说：“让我一个人待会儿！”
25．B　something 指下文 Rebecca 送“我”的礼物。
26．D　由下文知，没有开门使“我”感到更糟，那对最好的朋友不公平。
27．C　“我”没有接电话时，心里已经不舒服了，后来又因没有给她开门(door)，心里更加难过(worse)。
28．D　她的父亲和姐姐在车祸中丧生。
29．B　结果她母亲不得不重新工作。
30．A　Rebecca 八岁时，她的父亲和姐姐死于(died) 一场车祸，结果(As a result)，她妈妈不得不去工作(work)，以维持生活。
31．C　“我”拿起包装盒，打开(opened)它。
32．D　从下文可知，书签上有留言(message)。
33．B　Rebecca 安慰“我”。她说她不能治愈“我”的痛苦(pain)，但“我”自己能。
34．A　“我”被朋友的关心感动地流泪了，书页把泪水吸收了(absorbed)。
35．A　“我”自己调整好心情后，主动给Rebecca 打电话。
第二部分　阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
A
Friend is better than fortune. Friend is worse than poison in some cases. The two sentences above are opposite and seem to be unreasonable but they can be explained as follows: the first refers to all good friends who drive us towards good while the second all bad ones who lead us to wrong ways.
My ideal friend is of course a good friend whose goodness is shown below—he has no bad likings, such as smoking and drinking. He lives in frugality (节俭). He studies hard so as not to waste his golden time. At home he honors his parents and loves his brothers; at school he respects his teachers and shares feelings of his classmates. He treats those truly who are true to him. In a word, he has all the good characters better than mine. I can follow him as a model. With his help I am free from all difficulties.
Indeed, if I have such a person as my friend, I shall never fear difficulty and I shall never know the existence of the word “failure”．
36．This passage tells us ________.
A．how to make friends with others
B．how the writer's friend helps him
C．what kind of person the writer's friend is
D．what kind of person we should make friends with
37．An ideal friend means ________.
A．a true friend B．a false friend
C．an imaginary friend D．an excellent friend
38．From the passage we can learn that ________.
A．the writer and his ideal friend have a lot to learn from each other
B．the writer has a lot to learn from his ideal friend
C．the writer's ideal friend has a lot to learn from him
D．the writer has only a little to learn from his ideal friend
答案与解析
36．D　主旨题。由全文可知文章讲的是我们应该与什么样的人做朋友。
37．C　词义辨析题。由文中可知：an ideal friend 指“(作者)心目中的朋友”，所以选C。
38．B　推理题。由第二段最后三句话可推知。
B
Real friend, real meaning
We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. “Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen？”“When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend Or did he envy my luck？”When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it's too late.
Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don't really listen, we will miss the meaning behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, “You're a lucky dog.”and that's friendly. But a “lucky dog”？ There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the “dog” bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you observe your luck.
Just think of all the things you have to be “thankful for” is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important. It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.
How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks Does what he says agree with the tone of voice His posture (姿态)？The look in his eyes Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.
39．When we listen to a person talking, the most important thing for us is to ________.
A．notice his body language when the person is talking
B．look at his face and notice his expression
C．pay attention to his tone and his posture
D．judge the real meaning from his speech and behavior
40．According to the author, the reason why we go wrong about our friends is that ________.
A．we fail to listen carefully when they talk
B．we sometimes don't believe what our friends say
C．we are tired of what they say
D．people usually state one thing but mean another
41．Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage
A．Perhaps he wishes himself to have the same situation as you when he says “you are a lucky dog”．
B．Most mistakes we usually make are about money.
C．There is only one way to tell the real meaning behind someone's words.
D．It's not worth spending time in getting someone's real meaning.
42．This passage is mainly about ________.
A．what to do when you listen to others
B．how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with people
C．which kind of mistake you can make when you are talking to others
D．why we go wrong with people
答案与解析
39．D　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知。
40．D　细节理解题。由第二段“Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning.”可知。
41．A　细节理解题。由第二段“Suppose someone tells you, ‘You're a lucky dog.'and that's friendly. But a ‘lucky dog' There's a bit of envy in those words.”可知。
42．B　主旨大意题。本篇的主旨大意就是如何弄清他人说话的言外之意，以避免交流过程中犯下错误。
C
When Ray was about seven, he had a very close friend Mike. They lived near each other, traveled to and from school together, played together, were together in school, and spent time in each other's homes.
Once, in school, Ray got bad marks and was very down. He just walked round and round the school playground. Mike followed Ray. Far enough not to stifle him, but near enough never to let Ray out of his sight. Ray was very angry at that time. He just wanted to be alone. At one point, he got so angry that he even shouted out, “Just leave me alone！”But Mike just silently walked on behind Ray, still never saying a word.
It was only after many years, almost two decades later, that Ray truly began to understand the lesson on friendship which had been shown to him that day, Ray and Mike had already separated by then, only seeing each other a couple of times every year. But Ray still remembered that thing with gratitude, a warm feeling in his heart and sometimes tears in his eyes.
Mike had taught him that true friendship does not only show up when one wants or needs it. A true friend will be around when he thinks you need him, regardless of whether you want it or not or whether you would admit it or not. He will be there even when you drive him away, as long as he feels his presence will help you. But he will not speak if you do not want him to, and he will give you the peace that you desire.
The true friend will do what Mike did, following a distance behind, giving you space and peace, but always nearby, casting (投) a silent eye on you to make sure that you do not do anything silly, making sure he is around if you need him, and being ready to pick you should you fall anytime, to wipe your tears should they flow.
Appreciate your true friends. And be a true friend to others.
43．The underlined word “stifle” in the second paragraph can be replaced by “________”．
A．bother B．follow
C．pick D．surprise
44．When Ray got angry with him, Mike ________.
A．walked away angrily
B．said some words of comfort to him
C．just came along with him silently
D．turned away and wept
45．Two decades later, each time Ray remembered that thing, he felt ________.
A．sad B．angry
C．grateful D．funny
46．Ray learned from that thing that ________.
A．a true friend will be there whether you need him or not
B．a friend in need is a friend indeed
C．a true friend will do what you ask him to do
D．a true friend always shows up when you need him
答案与解析
43．A　迈克与雷保持着适当的距离，既不会因太近而令其烦恼，又不会因太远而令其走出自己的视线范围。由语境分析可知，stifle 应与 bother 同义，意为“令某人烦恼”。
44．C　由第二段尤其是最后一句可知，尽管雷厌烦迈克一直跟着自己，但迈克仍然默默地跟随在他的身后。故C项正确。
45．C　由第三段末句可知，虽然事隔多年，但每当雷想起此事时，总会充满感激之情，甚至会潸然泪下。
46．A　由第四段可知，从那件事情雷得知，无论你是否需要，真正的朋友始终会在你的身边，只要他觉得他的存在对你来说会有帮助，他就会对你不离不弃。
D
When it comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness, who possess wings of their own and who will fly with me. I seek friends whose qualities illuminate (照亮) me and train me up for love. It is for these people that I reserve the glowing hours, too good not to share.
When I was in the eighth grade, I had a friend. We were shy and “too serious” about our studies when it was becoming fashionable with our classmates to learn acceptable social behaviors. We said little at school, but she would come to my house and we would sit down with pencils and paper, and one of us would say：“Let's start with a train whistle today.” We would sit quietly together and write separate poems or stories that grew out of a train whistle. Then we would read them aloud. At the end of that school year, we, too, were changed into social creatures and the stories and poems stopped.
When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend. He was in despair (失望) and I was in despair. But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time. We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things. We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted. We_gave_London_to_each_other.
For almost four years I have had remarkable friend whose imagination illuminates mine. We write long letters in which we often discover our strangest selves. Each of us appears, sometimes in a funny way, in the other's dreams. She and I agree that, at certain times, we seem to be parts of the same mind. In my most interesting moments, I often think：“Yes, I must tell...” We have never met.
It is such comforting companions I wish to keep. One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist (心理学家)，who will only fill up the healing (愈合的) silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.
47．In the eighth grade, what the author did before developing proper social behavior was to __________.
A．become serious about her study
B．go to her friend's house regularly
C．learn from her classmates at school
D．share poems and stories with her friend
48．In Paragraph 3, “We gave London to each other” probably means __________.
A．our exploration of London was a memorable gift to both of us
B．we were unwilling to tear ourselves away from London
C．our unpleasant feelings about London disappeared
D．we parted with each other in London
49．According to Paragraph 4, the author and her friend __________.
A．call each other regularly
B．have similar personalities
C．enjoy writing to each other
D．dream of meeting each other
50．In the darkest moments, the author would prefer to __________.
A．seek professional help
B．be left alone
C．stay with her best friend
D．break the silence
51．What is the best title for the passage
A．Unforgettable Experiences
B．Remarkable Imagination
C．Lifelong Friendship
D．Noble Companions
答案与解析
47．D　细节理解题。由第二段内容中的We would sit quietly together and write separate poems or stories that grew out of a train whistle. Then we would read them aloud. At the end of that school year, we, too, were changed into social creatures and the stories and poems stopped.可知答案应为D项。
48．A　句意理解题。由第三段内容可知在我们的沮丧消失后，我们分开了，我们给对方留下了自己开拓的空间，故应选择A项。
49．C　细节推断题。由第四段内容可知“我”和“我”的朋友写了四年时间的信，由此可以推断他们都喜欢互相写信。
50．B　细节理解题。由第五段中的One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist，who will only fill up the healing silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.可知应选择B项。
51．D　归纳标题题。全文讲述了朋友在自己成长过程中的重要作用，故应选择D项。C项表示“终生的友谊”，而文中的每一种友谊都不是终生的，故C项是错误的。
E
Are you bored and lonely Do you want to make new friends Do long working hours make it difficult for you to get out and about to meet new people Maybe you or your friends have moved to a new area and this has left you feeling lonely.
Even if you are already the proverbial (公认的) social butterfly you may still find that your existing friends do not share the same interests and feelings with you. You may have a satisfying social life, but you still find you have no one to travel with. You may have your circle of friends, but find that none of them will go with you for the activities or sports that interest you most. These are just a few of the reasons why millions of people search online to find new friends.
Matchmaking websites are good tools to help you make friends online. Profile matching technologies enable you to search for new friends by age, gender, location, interests and much more. You can make friends near you or anywhere in the world and learn about new countries, cultures and lifestyles.
Making friends online is easy and anonymous (匿名的) as members get to know you by your username only. You can get in touch with members by sending private messages, joining in discussion forums or sharing online chat.
When you are ready, you can take your new friendships into the real world by arranging meet ups to share your common interests. If you prefer to meet in numbers, you can join or create your own Local Groups for members to join to share interests and activities near you.
52．Why do you have no one to travel with
A．Because your friends don't like you any longer.
B．Because none of your friends like traveling.
C．Because you have few friends in your life.
D．Because few of your friends are true friends.
53．What's the main idea of the third paragraph
A．Modern technology is developing very fast.
B．It is interesting to make friends online.
C．The Internet can help you to make friends.
D．You can learn about new lifestyles and cultures online.
54．How many ways are there to get in touch with members according to the passage
A．Two. B．Three.
C．Four. D．Five.
55．The purpose of this passage is to ________.
A．introduce a new way to make friends
B．warn people not to trust online friends
C．tell readers how to lead a good social life
D．explain to readers why people like to make friends online
答案与解析
52．B　由第二段首句可知，尽管你有很多朋友，但也许没有一个朋友会与你的兴趣相同，这也正是你找不到朋友与你一同旅行的原因。
53．C　第三段主要讲述了在先进的网络配对技术的帮助下，当今人们能够在网上找到朋友，故C项正确。
54．B　由第四段第二句可知，同网友进行联系可以通过三种方式：发送个人信息，参加论坛讨论及网上聊天等。
55．A　通读全文可知，本文主要向读者介绍了一种通过网络交友的新方式。
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正：
此行多一个词：把多余的词用(\)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意：原行没有错的不要改。
I have two foreign friends, Kari and Vance, they
56.________
come from the USA. Now they are teaching English
57.________
in the university in Nanjing. Last year they paid a
58.________
visit to our school. I have never met any foreigners
59.________
before and wanted very much to know however I was
60.________
getting on with my spoken English, because I went
61.________
over to talk with them. All of them were surprised that
62.________
a school student could speak English and suggested to
63.________
taking a photo together. Since then we become good
64.________
friends and now write English letter to each other often.
65.________
答案与解析
56．they 前加 and　前后两个并列的句子之间应该有并列连词连接。
57．√
58．the→a　泛指南京的一所大学，用不定冠词。
59．have→had　此处表示过去的过去所发生的事情。
60．however→how　表示口语情况如何，应用 how。
61．because→so　前边的句子是后面句子的原因，因此应用 so。
62．All→Both　“两者都”要用 both。
63．去掉 to　suggest doing sth 的含义是“建议做某事”。
64．we 后加 have　since then 是现在完成时态的标志词。
65．letter→letters　朋友之间的通信应不只一封。
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
假设你是新华中学的学生张华，班里从外地转来一名同学李明，他一时无法融入新的班集体中，感到很苦恼。请根据下列要点用英语给他写封信：
*帮他分析原因
*给他提出建议
*陈述你帮助他的具体打算
注意：词数120～150
Dear Li Ming，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Best regards.
Zhang Hua
范文
Dear Li Ming，
I'm very glad to become your classmate. I know you are worried about your study and don't know how to adapt yourself to the new environment. Here are some suggestions about it and I hope they can help you.
You know we always become puzzled when we go to a new environment because we don't know anything about the people around us and even don't know what to do. I think you should make friends with the students in our class. Then if you have any problem, you can ask us or our teachers for help. We'll try our best to help you.
After class. I'll show you around our school and tell you something about it. If you have any problem，please tell me and I will give you my advice not only on study but also on your life here.
All in all, I hope you can adapt yourself to the new environment and we can become good friends.
Best regards.
Zhang Hua