质量评估4 必修1 Unit 4 Earthquakes 英语同步练习 （名师解析）

单元质量评估四
(时间：120分钟　满分：120分)
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分　英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
1．—How did you find him out
—I ________ his name by chance on the list.
A．came down　　　 B．came out
C．came up D．came across
解析：come down 下降；come out 出来；(花)开放；(书等)出版；come up 走近，接近；come across 偶然发现或遇到。
答案：D
2．He is shaking hands ________ my father.
A．to B．at
C．of D．with
解析：shake hands with sb. 与某人握手。
答案：D
3．—Do you have any idea about what Tom did yesterday afternoon
—I know he spent at least as much time playing football as he ________.
A．did writing B．wrote
C．spent to write D．was writing
解析：as much time doing sth. as...和做……花一样长的时间。
答案：A
4．They must come ________ our rescue.
A．to B．at
C．of D．from
解析：come to one's rescue 来援救某人。
答案：A
5．—Harry! You ________ on the phone.
—Oh, ________. Thank you.
A．are wanted; I come
B．are wanted; I'm coming
C．want; I'm coming
D．are being wanted; I'm coming
解析：sb. be wanted on the phone 找……的电话；sb. be coming 某人来了，用现在进行时表示将来。
答案：B
6．It was twenty years of overworking and living in stress that have ________ his health.
A．harmed B．endangered
C．ruined D．failed
解析：ruin one's health 损坏某人的健康。
答案：C
7．—Why did he say so
—Sorry, I don't understand ________ he said means.
A．all what B．what all
C．all that D．that all
解析：我对他说的话并非全懂。
答案：C
8．Three fourths of the surface of the earth ________ covered by water.
A．is B．are
C．were D．has been
解析：“分数＋of＋名词(代词)”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于其后名词(代词)的形式和意义。
答案：A
9．This is the bus ________ I go to school every day.
A．which B．on which
C．by that D．that
解析：句意为：这就是我每天上学坐的公共汽车。
答案：B
10．—When did she leave Beijing
—At seven o'clock ________ the evening of March 8.
A．in B．on
C．at D．for
解析：在具体某一天的晚上用 on。
答案：B
11．The roads are ________， but they were in good condition a few years ago.
A．in rows B．in ruins
C．in number D．in detail
解析：in ruins “成为废墟、遭到严重破坏”，和后面的．..in good condition a few years ago...构成对比，符合句意。
答案：B
12．Can you tell me the name of the school ________ you visited last week
A．what B．where
C．who D．which
解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。定语从句中的谓语动词 visited 是及物动词，和先行词 school 是动宾关系，应选择关系代词 which 作它的宾语。
答案：D
13．We offered her our congratulations ________ her safe return.
A．at B．on
C．for D．of
解析：congratulations on sth.“因某事祝贺”。
答案：B
14．Some of the boys whom ________ didn't come.
A．I invited them B．I invited
C．I invite them D．I invite
解析：定语从句中的宾语是引导词 whom，再用 them 就加了多余的宾语。D项时态使用不当。
答案：B
15．The number of the patients who recover ________ by 10% every year.
A．rise B．raises
C．rises D．lifts
解析：lift, raise 与 rise 都表示“举起”“抬走”，但 lift 侧重用体力或机械力把某物从地面举到一定的高度；raise 侧重指垂直举起或抬起较轻的物体，强调动作的姿势，有时可与 lift 换用；rise 意为“升起”“站起来”，是不及物动词，侧重表示由低而高的变化过程。
答案：C
第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
I shall never forget the day when the earthquake took place. The time was 5∶15 in the afternoon and I __16__ along the road to __17__ my daughter from school. Our plan was to go __18__ together. I had finished work at 4 o'clock and then __19__ to the post office. Then I'd stopped my car at a shop __20__ some fresh fruit. We like to have some fruit to eat after our swim.
I was driving along a high road on my way __21__. Over my road was another path for cars coming the other way. I drove __22__ so I put the bag of apples in the seat beside me and started to eat one.
Suddenly I saw the cars in front of me start to move __23__. I slowed down. Then my car started __24__！ I didn't know what was happening. __25__ something had gone wrong with my car. I drove __26__ slower. I stopped the car and at the same moment the road fell onto the cars __27__ me.
I __28__ myself in the dark. I couldn't move. All around me was __29__. For about two hours nobody came. Luckily I could __30__ the bag of apples, so at least I had plenty to eat. Then a team of people had come to see if anyone was under the __31__ road.
“__32__ are you doing？” asked the helper. “Not too bad，” I said, “but my feet and legs __33__ as if they're broken.” “We'll have you out of there just as __34__ as we can.” They didn't get me out __35__ the morning. I had been in my car for fourteen hours.
16．A.was walking B．was running
C．was driving D．was singing
17．A.bring B．take
C．carry D．fetch
18．A.swimming B．shopping
C．boating D．fishing
19．A.gone B．went
C．walked D．run
20．A.buy B．buying
C．getting D．to get
21．A.to school B．to the school
C．to the swimming pool D．home
22．A.happy B．excited
C．hungry D．worried
23．A.here and there B．now and then
C．from side to side D．up and down
24．A.shook B．to shake
C．to tremble D．trembling
25．A.Perhaps B．Surely
C．Suddenly D．Immediately
26．A.more B．very
C．even D．too
27．A.in front B．in the front
C．in the front of D．in front of
28．A.found B．saw
C．found out D．discovered
29．A.noisy B．quiet
C．nice D．strange
30．A.see B．hold
C．catch D．reach
31．A.break B．broke
C．broken D．breaking
32．A.What B．How
C．When D．Where
33．A.feel B．look
C．seem D．appear
34．A.fast B．hurried
C．soon D．possibly
35．A.on B．to
C．until D．after
答案与解析
16．C　从下文可知，是驱车前往，而非“走”或“跑”。
17．D　因既要去又要回，即“去接回”，用 fetch。bring “带来”，take “带走”，carry “运载，携带”。
18．A　从第一段最后一句可知。
19．A　从该句与下一句所用都为过去完成时可得出，在地震来临前所做的几件事。
20．D　目的状语，“停车”就是“为了买”水果。
21．B　从第一段可知是去学校接女儿，学校前加 the，表特指。
22．C　因自己“饿”，所以后面才吃了苹果。
23．C　从下面可知是发生地震时，车辆受影响而摇晃。from side to side 从这边到另一边；here and there 各处，到处；now and then 不时，时而；up and down 上上下下，到处。
24．B　汽车在发生地震时开始“摇晃”。start/begin to do/doing 开始做某事。当主语是物时，只能接 to do。tremble 意为“发抖，颤动”。
25．A　从前一句可知，不知发生何事，故推测。
26．C　修饰比较级可用 much/even/still/far/yet/by far/a bit/a little/a lot/a great deal。more 只能和原形连用，构成比较级，very 应修饰原级，too 表“太，过于”。
27．D　表示在我“前面”。in/at the front/of 在……前部；in front of＝before 在……前面。
28．A　从上文可知，“我”是遭遇地震，被头顶上的车砸昏之后又苏醒过来，“意外发现”自己的处境。“find oneself＋介词短语”表“不知不觉……”之意；find out 是“发现，查清”；discover 是“发现(原来存在而不为人所知的东西)”。
29．B　从后一句可知，无人来，周围无人，故“一片寂静”。
30．D　指“够得上，够得着”，故可以吃苹果来充饥。
31．C　break 的过去分词作定语，表“破的，垮掉的”。
32．B　用 how 与 do 搭配，表询问某人“你还好吗”。
33．A　此处不是“看起来好像”，而是“感觉好像”。
34．C　as fast as “尽快”，指速度快；as soon as “尽快”，指时间快；as...as we can/possible “尽(我们)所能的”。
35．C　not...until “直到……才”，not 与短暂性动词连用；until “一直到”，主句动词是延续性的。
第二部分　阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
A
More than 10,000 people were made homeless in Ternang when the Sungai Mas overflowed its banks yesterday after six days of continuous heavy rain.
The wooden bridges across the river had been swept away. The town is cut off by floodwaters. At the fifth mile, Jalan Tengkn, the water is now two metres deep. It is closed to all traffic.
Flood first appeared at mid afternoon yesterday along the riverbanks. People struggling to higher ground were just in time to escape the destroying of the flood. Most of the flood victims had to leave all their things behind.
The news was reported to the National Flood Relief (救济) Center and by early evening the whole town was moved out, helped by the army, police, Red Cross Society and volunteers.
The flood victims are now housed in various simple relief centers in the nearby town of Ternang.
“Everything possible is being done to help the unfortunate people，” a government spokesman said. “In fact, money, food and clothing have begun to come in from public organizations and helpful people.”
According to the latest reports it is still raining heavily at Ternang. The whole town is expected to be totally covered by the water. So far no deaths have been reported.
36．Most possibly this passage is from a ________.
A．government report B．news report
C．story book D．tale
37．Which of the following can be the most suitable title for the passage
A．A Big Flood B．Ternang Is in Danger
C．Many People Homeless D．Help Them
38．According to the passage, the town of Ternang ________.
A．has been swept away
B．will soon be under the water
C．is safe from the water
D．is empty of people
39．Which of the following groups of sentences is RIGHT according to the passage
a．When the message was published only buses could enter the town.
b．As soon as the water flowed over the banks, people went to higher ground.
c．The National Flood Relief Center is in charge of the affairs to help the flood victims.
d．The government and the whole society take great care of the flood victims.
A．a, b B．c, d
C．a, c D．b, d
答案与解析
本文报道了 Ternang 发生水灾的情况。第一段概述主要内容，第二、三段详细描述了水灾发生时的情况，第四、五、六段介绍了救援情况，最后一段简单讲述了水灾造成的损失，以及至今没有遇难人员的报道等情况。
36．B　推理判断题。由文章内容及最后一段中的“According to the latest reports...”可推知，本文属新闻报道。
37．A　主旨大意题。给文章选标题应遵循如下原则：(1)可恰当概括本文内容，既不能太空泛，也不能太片面；(2)简洁明了；(3)趣味性强，能吸引人的注意。本文报道了一次水灾的情况，故A项为最佳答案。
38．B　细节理解题。最后一段提及 The whole town is expected to be totally covered by the water.，故B项为正确答案。
39．B　细节判断题。由第四段可知c、d属实，而a、b文章并未涉及。
B
Earthquakes are something that people fear. There are some places that have few or no earthquakes. Most places in the world, however, have them regularly (有规律的). Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous (多山的)．
The most talked about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906. Over 700 people died in it. The strongest one in North America was in 1964. It happened in Alaska.
Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people. In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal. Around 2,000 people died.
In 1923, a very strong earthquake hit the Tokyo, Yokohama area of Japan. A hundred and forty thousand people died. Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake.
One of the worst earthquakes ever was in China in 1976. It killed a large number of people. The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China, in which 400,000 people were killed or injured. This earthquake happened in 1556.
Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming. People can not prepare for it.
40．How many people died in the earthquake which happened in Portugal in 1755
A．2,000. B．140,000.
C．400,000. D．500.
41．When and where was the worst earthquake ever reported
A．1964; Alaska. B．1556; China.
C．1923; Japan. D．1976; China.
42．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true
A．The stronger the earthquake is, the more people are killed.
B．Earthquakes often come unexpectedly (出乎意料地)．
C．Earthquakes can cause fires.
D．People still don't know how to tell when an earthquake will come.
43．What may be talked about in the seventh paragraph
A．How do earthquakes worry people
B．What will people do to prepare for earthquakes
C．How can we save people when earthquakes happen
D．How do earthquakes happen
答案与解析
40．A　细节理解题。从第三段的“In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal. Around 2,000 people died.”可以得出答案。
41．B　细节理解题。从第五段的最后一句可以得出答案。
42．A　推理判断题。根据常识和文章内容可以得出答案。
43．B　推理判断题。上文谈论了发生过的地震，接下来很可能要告诉我们人们怎样预防地震。
C
Who is better at predicting earthquakes, animals or scientists with instruments Evidence collected so far suggests that an ordinary animal—a dog, a horse, a pig—may give as reliable a warning of an_impending_earthquake as scientists.
In 1970, 200 instruments failed to predict a California earthquake that shook buildings in San Francisco, 78 miles away. But in 1974, several months before a big earthquake in China, pigs climbed the walls, hens would not roost (栖息), trained dogs did not obey commands and farmyard geese refused to fly. The Chinese scientists paid attention to these and other signs, they educated people before the earthquake struck there and saved a hundred thousand lives.
Many nations now have animals warning centers to try to learn the animal sense so that instruments can be built to detect the same signal.
44．This passage mainly tells us ________.
A．about the big earthquake in San Francisco
B．that animals can predict earthquakes
C．that animals are better at predicting earthquakes than scientists
D．that some of the animals are clever than human beings
45．The underlined words “an impending earthquake” mean an earthquake ________.
A．that will take place very soon
B．that has just taken place
C．that will not take place
D．that will take place in a very long time
46．In 1974, many people's lives were saved in the earthquake because ________.
A．animals climbed the walls or did not obey orders
B．people knew the correct time of the earthquake
C．scientists knew an earthquake would come and people were well prepared for it
D．scientists prevented the earthquake from taking place
47．Now many countries want to predict earthquakes better ________.
A．with the help of animals
B．all by themselves
C．than animals
D．without animals
答案与解析
44．B　通读全文可知，本文讨论的是动物的反常行为可以成为预测地震的依据，故B项正确。文中并没有说动物在预测地震方面比科学家更强或是比人类更聪明。
45．A　由文章第二段第二句所举事例“But in 1974, several...refused to fly”可知，动物的反常行为发生在地震前的几个月，因此“an impending earthquake”应该指将要发生的地震，故A项正确。
46．C　由文章第二段可知，由于科学家们注意到了动物的反常行为，由此推测出地震发生的可能性，并告知了当地居民提前做好准备，这才挽回了很多人的生命，故C项正确。
47．A　由最后一段可知，很多国家建立了动物警报中心，通过对动物感知的研究来协助仪器进行地震的探测，以便更好地进行地震预测，故A项正确。
D
Krakatau Volcano (喀拉喀托火山) is on a small island in Indonesia. It had been peaceful for about 200 years before it erupted (爆发) in 1883.
The first signs of the activity of the volcano appeared in May 1883, when fire and smoke could be seen at the top of the mountain. Great noise could be heard even in Jakarta, a hundred miles away. Later the activity grew much greater. The peak (山顶) was covered with smoke and fire; the smoke at one time was seventeen miles high in the air. The lava—soft and hot rock—shot up into the air and rolled down the sides of the mountain.
The mouth of the volcano was not at the peak of the mountain but on its side, close to the sea. As it grew bigger and bigger with the eruption, the sea water got into it. When the sea water reached the lava inside the volcano, it made the upper part of the lava colder and harder. And this sealed off (封住) the rest of the lava below. As the inside of the lava could not break through the seal, the pressure (压力) built up until the mountain blew up.
The eruption of the volcano was followed by several earthquakes which brought about bad results. About 36,000 people were killed and many towns and villages near the sea were completely destroyed by the great waves which the earthquake caused.
48．Give the correct order of the course of volcano eruption.
①The peak was covered with smoke and fire.
②Fire and smoke could be seen at the top of the mountain.
③Great noise could be heard a hundred miles away.
④The lava shot into the air and rolled down the sides of the mountain.
A．①②③④ B．①③②④
C．②③①④ D．④①③②
49．What makes the volcano erupt
A．The sea water which goes into the volcano.
B．The lava (岩浆)．
C．The pressure which is bigger and bigger.
D．All of the above.
50．Where is the mouth of the volcano
A．At the peak of the mountain.
B．On the side of the mountain near the sea.
C．At the foot of the mountain.
D．Inside the mountain.
答案与解析
48．C　从文章第二段可知顺序为②③①④。
49．D　火山爆发是A、B、C三项共同作用的结果，并非由其中的一项原因即可爆发。
50．B　细节考查题。根据文章第三段第一句话“The mouth of the volcano was not at the peak of the mountain but on its side, close to the sea.”可断定答案为B项。
E
A powerful earthquake has rocked northern Japan near Sendai, prompting officials to shut down railways, highways and a Tokyo airport, hundreds of kilometres away. There were immediate reports of casualties or damage from the quake, which struck at 6∶24 P．M. (0924 GMT), but journalist Steve Herman told CNN he would be very surprised if there were no casualties.
The quake had a magnitude of 7.0 and was centered 60 kilometres (40 miles) below the sea floor off the northeastern coast of Miyagi Prefecture (县), Japan's Meteorological Agency said.
Japanese television showed pictures of at least two buildings on fire in central Sendai, and five trucks on scene, although it was not clear whether they were related to the quake.
The quake sent workers and shoppers running out onto the street, while officials closed major highways and railways to check for damage.
Local officials quoted by public service broadcaster NHK said there were blackouts and water outages in some areas.
Sendai, the largest city in the mostly agricultural northeastern Touhoku region, has a population of just over one million.
In Tokyo, 302 km (189 miles) to the south, the quake shook buildings and was felt for about two minutes.
Downtown Haneda airport briefly suspended takeoffs and landings to check runways, while East Japan Railway stopped bullet trains in the area.
While the quake was about the same magnitude as one that hit Kobe in 1995, killing 6,430, experts said because it was centered off shore, it is not likely to have the same impact.
Japan's meteorological agency said there was no danger of tsunami (海啸), powerful waves that can be stirred up by shaking activity.
The Cabinet Office in Tokyo said the government had set up an emergency task force.
51．The underlined word in the passage means “________”．
A．destroy B．result
C．death D．degree
52．The center of the quake was ________.
A．on the land near Sendai
B．on the island near Sendai
C．in central Sendai
D．below the sea floor off the northeastern coast
53．The quake that hit Kobe in 1995 ________.
A．had a magnitude of less than 7.0
B．was centered on shore
C．struck at 6∶24 P．M.
D．killed 6,430 in all
54．What is tsunami according to the last but one paragraph (倒数第二段)
A．It is also a quake that comes after the main quake.
B．It is powerful waves that usually come long after an earthquake.
C．It is powerful waves that usually come before an earthquake.
D．It is powerful waves that usually come after earthquake starts.
55．Why did officials close major highways and railways
A．They were afraid of being killed by the quake.
B．They were afraid that the highways and railways were damaged.
C．There were no cars or trains on highways and railways after the quake.
D．They wanted to save those who were caught in the quake instead of working.
答案与解析
51．C　猜测词义题。因为 or, and, but 等连词连接的前后结构、词义等都并列，所以推断出它的意思是死亡的人数。
52．D　细节理解题。在文中的第二段中有明确的阐述。
53．D　细节理解题。答案A，B，C都是本次地震所造成的影响而不是题干中所提到的地震的后果。
54．D　猜测词义题。从文中倒数第2段中的 powerful waves that can be stirred up by shaking activity.可以得出正确答案。
55．B　逻辑判断题。根据常识以及文章中提到的信息推断而出。
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正：
此行多一个词：把多余的词用(\)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意：原行没有错的不要改。
When I was a junior high school student, I think English
56.________
was very difficult. However I kept myself away
57.________
from it. In each of test, I got less than 60 marks.
58.________
But my English teacher encouraged me. Who said
59.________
English was not so hard as they appeared. He
60.________
asked me the first to build up confidence and
61.________
then improved my pronunciation. When a lesson was
62.________
given, he taught me read and write English.Under
63.________
his tirelessly instruction I made surprisingly fast progress.
64.________
At the final exam. I got over 90 points.65.________
答案
56．think→thought 57.However→So
58．去掉 of 59.Who→He
60．they→it 61.去掉 the
62．improved→improve 63.me 后加 to
64．tirelessly→tireless 65.At→In
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
最近你校开展了“尊敬父母”的活动，请你根据下表提示，以 Learning to Respect Our Parents 为题为21st Century写一则报道。
主题 Learning to Respect Our Parents
宗旨 尊敬父母是中华民族的传统美德(traditional moral value)
现状 大多数学生都是独生子女，只注重自己，不关心父母
决定 开展“尊敬父母”的活动
措施 制订了十条规定，如记住父母的生日，并向父母表示祝愿；父母回家时要与他们打招呼；离家出门前要告诉父母你要去做什么……
效果 受到家长和社会各方面的好评和赞扬
范文
Learning to Respect Our Parents
Recently a program called “Learning to Respect Our Parents” is started in our school.
As we all know, respecting parents is one of China's traditional moral values. However, as most students today are “the only child” in the family, they often regard themselves as the centre of the family, not caring much for their parents. For the program, ten rules have been worked out for the students to follow. For example, we are advised to remember our parents' birthdays and express our good wishes to them. When leaving home, we should tell our parents what we will do. Besides, we are supposed to greet our parents when they return home.
The program has been very successful and has won a lot of praise from parents and other members of society.