质量评估5 必修1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandel 英语同步练习 （名师解析）

单元质量评估五
(时间：120分钟　满分：120分)
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分　英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
1．A college degree in agriculture is not very useful without ________ experience of working on a farm.
A．industrial　　　 B．practical
C．technical D．garden
解析：practical experience 实践经验。
答案：B
2．They are fighting ________ us ________ the enemy.
A．with; against B．for; against
C．with; for D．against; for
解析：fight with 意为“与……并肩作战”；fight against 意为“与……斗争”。
答案：A
3．Nowadays a large number of middle schools pay more attention to ________ students all kinds of subjects than ________ them.
A．educating; teaching B．teaching; educating
C．educating; bringing up D．teaching; bringing up
解析：teach 强调“教授”、“教授某人知识等”，educate 强调“教育，教导”。
答案：B
4．The soldier went to ________ prison to set free the prisoner who was in ________ prison.
A．the; / B．/; the
C．the; the D．/; /
解析：go to the prison 意为“到监狱去”；be in prison 意为“在坐牢”。
答案：A
5．Lucy's father ________ when she arrived home near midnight.
A．blew out B．blew in
C．blew up D．blew on
解析：blow out 吹灭；(轮胎)爆炸；(机器等)停机；blow in 遍体鳞伤(青一块紫一块)；blow up 爆发，生气(鼓起，放大)；blow on 开炉(冶金用语)。
答案：C
6．He advised us ________ longer, but I advised we ________ right away.
A．staying; leaving B．stay; leaving
C．to stay; to leave D．to stay; leave
解析：固定句型：advise sb. to do sth./advise that sb. (should) do sth.。
答案：D
7．I like to go to the seaside in summer. It ________ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea.
A．does B．feels
C．gets D．makes
解析：it feels good to do sth.“干某事感觉很好”。
答案：B
8．Mary finally ________ Bruce as her boyfriend.
A．received B．accepted
C．made D．honoured
解析：accept sb. as...接受……。
答案：B
9．—We haven't heard from Jane for a long time.
—What do you suppose ________ to her
A．was happening B．to happen
C．having happened D．has happened
解析：do you suppose 是插入语。
答案：D
10．We are living in an age ________ many new things appear every day.
A．which B．that
C．on which D．when
解析：本句是定语从句，先行词是 age，在从句作状语，所以要用 when。
答案：D
11．Finally, the thief handed everything ________ he had stolen to the police.
A．when B．what
C．whatever D．that
解析：这是一个定语从句，当先行词是 anything, everything, nothing 等不定代词时，只能使用“that”。
答案：D
12．—Did you have trouble ________ the house
—No, certainly not.
A．to find B．find
C．on finding D．finding
解析：have trouble in doing sth. 在做某事情方面有困难，介词 in 可省。
答案：D
13．Has all ________ can be done been done
A．that B．what
C．when D．for when
解析：定语从句中，先行词为 all, any, much, many 词时，只能使用“that”。
答案：A
14．Though the girl doesn't lose ________ heart to him, he doesn't lose ________ heart.
A．her; / B．the; his
C．/; his D．her; the
解析：lose one's heart to sb. 倾心于；lose heart 灰心，失望。
答案：A
15．Tom's mother needed ________ at once, ________ made him worried.
A．operating on; that B．operating on; which
C．operating; that D．being operating; which
解析：operate on 对……动手术，对……起作用，对……产生影响，when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
答案：B
第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
Lang Lang is a world class young pianist who grew up in Shenyang. He went to a piano school in Beijing when he was just eight. “You need __16__，” his father said. “But if you don't work hard, no fortune will come.”
What made him sad was __17__ his piano teacher in Beijing didn't like him. “You have no talent (天赋). You will never be a pianist.” __18__ a nine year old boy, Lang Lang was badly __19__. He decided that he didn't want to be a __20__ any more. For the next two weeks, he didn't touch the piano, __21__， his father didn't push, but waited.
Luckily, the day came when his teacher asked him to __22__ some holiday songs. He didn't want to, but as he placed his fingers on the piano keys, he __23__ that he could show others that he had talent __24__. That day he told his father __25__ he had been waiting to hear—that he wanted to study with a new teacher. __26__ that point on, everything turned around.
He started __27__ competitions (比赛). In the 1994 International Young Pianists Competition, when it was __28__ that Lang Lang had won, he was too __29__ to hold back his tears. Soon __30__ was clear that he couldn't stay in China forever—he had to play on the world's big __31__. In 1997 Lang Lang __32__ again, this time to Philadelphia, U．S. There he spent two years practicing, and by 1999 he had worked hard enough for fortune to take over. After his __33__ performance at Chicago's Ravinia Festival, gigs (特邀演出) in Lincoln Center and Carnegie Hall started __34__. Lang Lang finally worked to reach the place where fortune spots (发现) him, and lets him __35__.
16．A.exercise B．fortune
C．knowledge D．wealth
17．A.whether B．why
C．when D．that
18．A.Like B．With
C．To D．As
19．A.hurt B．weakened
C．ruined D．frightened
20．A.singer B．pianist
C．conductor D．player
21．A.Hopefully B．Patiently
C．Wisely D．Painfully
22．A.play B．sing
C．write D．study
23．A.seemed B．admitted
C．noticed D．realized
24．A.in all B．above all
C．after all D．at all
25．A.that B．what
C．which D．when
26．A.From B．At
C．Since D．After
27．A.receiving B．accepting
C．winning D．beating
28．A.told B．mentioned
C．announced D．recognized
29．A.excited B．encouraged
C．shocked D．satisfied
30．A.this B．it
C．that D．what
31．A.concerts B．tours
C．competitions D．stages
32．A.started B．left
C．moved D．performed
33．A.successful B．cheerful
C．respectful D．meaningful
34．A.pulling B．breaking
C．falling D．pouring
35．A.brighten B．shine
C．admire D．develop
答案与解析
16．B　由下句：“如果你不努力，运气就不会到来。”可知父亲说的是 Lang Lang 需要“运气”。
17．D　that 引导表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，又是指确定的内容。
18．D　as 在此用作介词，意为“作为”。
19．A　老师的话让 Lang Lang 受到了极大的伤害。hurt 指“感情上的伤害”。
20．B　“他决定再也不想成为一名钢琴家了。”
21．C　由“父亲没有催迫他，而只是等待”可知这位父亲的做法是很明智的。wisely “明智地，英明地”。
22．A　由后文的“but as he placed his fingers on the piano keys”可知22空所在的句子的意思是：幸运的是，老师让 Lang Lang 弹奏一些假日歌曲的一天来了。
23．D　当他把手指放在琴键上时才意识到(realized)他能向别人展示他有这种天赋。
24．C　A．总共；B.首要的是；C.毕竟；终归；D.全然，根本。由句意知选C。
25．B　what 引导宾语从句，在句中作 hear 的宾语，指“听到的内容”。
26．A　from...on “从……起”，为固定表达。
27．C　上文提到“一切发生了转折”，这里自然是指“开始赢得比赛”。
28．C　此空所在的句子意为“……，当宣布 Lang Lang 获胜时，……”。It was announced that...据宣布……。
29．A　在国际比赛上获奖，那自然是 excited (激动的，兴奋的)。
30．B　It 在句中充当形式主语。
31．D　on the world's big stages “在世界大舞台上”。competition 应与介词 in 连用。
32．C　move to... “搬到/移到……”，此处指去美国费城演出。
33．A　只有演出“成功(successful)”才有后面的特邀演出。
34．D　特邀 Lincoln Center 和 Carnegie Hall 的演出开始不断涌来。pour “涌进”。
35．B　是 Lang Lang 的努力而使得运气找上门来，让他发出耀眼的光芒。shine 意为“表现突出，耀眼”。
第二部分　阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
A
Do you suppose Darwin, one of the greatest scientists of all time, really did fools' experiments Or did he do experiments that were so simple and basic that other people just thought they were foolish
Sometimes, people think they already know the answer to a question or the solution to a problem. Sometimes, they really do know an answer or a solution, but without thinking they are important.
Charles Darwin didn't settle for (满足于) just thinking he knew something. And, he believed all things could be important however simple they seemed to be.
Suppose you drop sheets of paper that are of exactly the same size and shape. If you drop them at the same time in the same place, they will fall in the same way. Now make one of the sheets of paper into a tight (紧的) little ball and let it drop along with the other sheets. What happens You have done an experiment that is so simple that you might think it couldn't be worth anything.
But this simple experiment is important. It explains part of our present day understandings of physics ideas that were worked out long ago by Galileo and Newton. And these understandings set_aside some of ancient Greek physics.
The scientist sometimes stops to look at very simple things and to think very hard about them. Even the simplest idea, which we might think is foolish, can shake the foundations of science.
36．The passage tells us that Charles Darwin ________.
A．was a great English scientist
B．always liked doing the experiments that others thought difficult
C．thought even the simplest thing was important
D．didn't get along well with others
37．The phrase “set aside” most probably means “________”．
A．throw away B．store up
C．put to use D．realize
38．The author of the passage tries to ________.
A．convince us that Charles Darwin, Galileo and Newton are the greatest scientists in the world
B．draw the conclusion that basic sciences are simple things
C．prove that two sheets of paper, with the same size and shape, will fall at the same speed
D．draw our attention to everyday happenings around us
39．Which one of the following is true
A．Darwin really did fools' experiments.
B．According to some people Darwin did foolish experiments.
C．It is believed by all the people that things could be important though they seemed to be simple.
D．Galileo and Newton worked out ancient Greek physics.
答案与解析
36．C　判断题。短文并没有说 Charles Darwin 是哪个国家的科学家，可排除A；由第一段可知别人认为 Darwin 的许多实验不值得做，可把B排除；文中没有论述 Darwin 与别人相处的事情，可排除D。由第三段中 And, he believed all things could be important however simple they seemed to be. 可推出答案为C。
37．A　词义猜测题。由上文可知作者认为做这个简单的实验是重要的，它解释了目前人们对于物理方面的理解。因此这些理解当然是推翻了一些古希腊物理学的观点。由此可推知 set aside 与 throw away 同义。
38．D　主旨大意题。短文的最后一段点明，最简单的事情都可能动摇科学的根基，意在告诉读者要留意身边的每一件事，哪怕它非常简单。
39．B　细节考查题。短文第一段第二句 Or did he do experiments that were so simple and basic that other people just thought they were foolish 明确告诉我们，有些人认为 Darwin 做了愚蠢的实验。
B
Louis Armstrong had two famous nicknames (绰号). Some people called him Bagamo. They said his mouth looked like a large bag. Musicians often called him Pops, as a sign of respect for his influence (影响) on the world of music.
Born in 1901 in New Orleans, he grew up poor, but lived among great musicians. Jazz was invented in the city a few years before his birth. Armstrong often said, “Jazz and I grew up together.”
Armstrong showed a great talent (天赋) for music when he was taught to play the cornet (短号) at a boy's home. In his late teens, Armstrong began to live the life of a musician. He played in parades, clubs, and on the steamboats that travelled on the Mississippi River. At that time, New Orleans was famous for the new music of jazz and was home to many great musicians. Armstrong learned from the older musicians and soon became respected as their equal.
In 1922 he went to Chicago. There, the tale of Louis Armstrong begins. From then until the end of his life, Armstrong was celebrated and loved wherever he went. Armstrong had no equal when it came to playing the American popular song.
His cornet playing had a deep humanity (仁爱) and warmth that caused many listeners to say, “Listening to Pops just makes you feel good all over.” He was the father of the jazz style (风格) and also one of the best known and most admired people in the world. His death, on July 6,1971, was headline news around the world.
40．Armstrong was called Pops because he ________.
A．looked like a musician
B．was a musician of much influence
C．showed an interest in music
D．travelled to play modern music
41．The third paragraph is developed ________.
A．by space B．by examples
C．by time D．by comparison
42．Which statement about Armstrong is true
A．His tale begins in New Orleans.
B．He was born before jazz was invented.
C．His music was popular with his listeners.
D．He learned popular music at a boy's home.
43．Which would be the best title for the text
A．The Invention of the Jazz Music
B．The Father of the Jazz Style
C．The Making of a Musician
D．The Spread of Popular Music
答案与解析
40．B　细节理解题。由文章第一段最后一句话：Musicians often called him Pops, as a sign of respect for his influence on the world of music. 很容易得出答案为B。
41．C　通读第三段可知，本段是按时间顺序写的。
42．C　A项应为 His tale begins in Chicago.B项应为 Jazz was invented before his birth.D项应为 He learned to play the cornet at a boy's home. 故只能选C项。
43．B　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲的是爵士乐之父 Armstrong 的生平及事迹。
C
On May 29, 1973, Thomas Bradley, a black man, was elected mayor of Los Angeles. Los Angeles is the third largest city in the United States, with a population of three million. About sixteen percent of the city's population are black.
News of this election appeared on the front pages of newspapers everywhere in the United States. Here is how one major newspaper reported the event：
LOS ANGELES ELECTS BRADLEY MAYOR
UNSEATING YORTY
BLACK WINS 56% OF VOTES.
Bradley called his victory over Yorty “the fulfillment (实现) of a dream”. During his childhood and youth, people had kept telling him, “You can't do this, you can't go there, because you are a Negro.” Nevertheless he had won a decisive victory over a man who had been won 43.7 percent.
Los Angeles voters have had many opportunities to judge. Thomas Bradley had to from an opinion of him. The son of a poor farmer Texas, he joined the Los Angeles police force in 1940. During his twenty one years on the police force he earned a law degree by attending school at night. He was elected to the city council (市政厅) ten years ago.
At the time of the Los Angeles election, three other American cities already had black mayors, but none of those cities had as large a population as Los Angeles. Besides, the percentage of blacks in those other cities was much larger. Cleveland, Ohio, had thirty six percent blacks when Carl Stokes was elected mayor of Cleveland in 1967. In the same year Richard Hatcher was elected mayor of Cary. In Newark, New Jersey, sixty percent of the population were black when Kenneth Gibson was elected in 1970. Thus election of a black mayor in those cities was not very surprising.
In Los Angeles thousands of white citizens voted for Thomas Bradley because they believed he would be a better mayor than the white candidate (候选人). Bradley had spent forty eight of his fifty five years in Los Angeles. Four years ago Bradley lost mayoral election to Yorty. This time Bradley won.
44．In the author's opinion, it was surprising that ________.
A．the whites would vote for a black mayor
B．a black mayor would be elected in such a large city
C．a black from a poor farmer's family could be elected mayor of Los Angeles
D．there would be so many black mayors
45．From the passage we can infer that people ________.
A．voted for Bradley because of his black color
B．didn't care much about his color when they voted
C．voted for him to give a chance to fulfill his dream
D．voted for Bradley because they trusted him
46．Bradley hit the front page headline for ________.
A．he was the first black mayor in history
B．he was the first black mayor in the south of USA
C．he was the first black mayor of one of the largest cities in USA
D．a poor farmer's son could also win an important election
47．From Bradley's victory in the election we can see that ________.
A．blacks had equal rights as whites in the USA
B．black people's situation began to be improving much more than before
C．one can be successful through hard work in the USA no matter what color he is
D．it is certain that someday the USA will have a black president
答案与解析
44．A　推断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“洛杉矶黑人的比例为16%”及第五段所描述的其他几个城市的黑人的比例，可推知此题答案为A。
45．D　细节题。根据文章最后一段第一句．..because they believed he would be a better mayor than the white candidate. 可推知此题的答案为D。
46．C　细节题。根据第五段第一句．..three other American cities already had black mayors, but none of those cities had as large a population as Los Angeles. 可推知此题的答案为C。
47．B　推断题。运用排除法，选项A显然与原文内容不符；选项C和D文章没提及，况且此两项过于忽略美国的种族矛盾，不宜选；只有选项B与原文内容较相符。
D
Heroes of Our Time
A good heart
Dikembe Mutombo grew up in Africa among great poverty and disease. He came to Georgetown University on a scholarship (奖学金) to study medicine—but Coach (教练) John Thompson got a look at Dikembe and had a different idea. Dikembe became a star in the NBA, and a citizen of the United States. But he never forgot the land of his birth, or the duty to share his fortune with others. He built a new hospital in his old hometown in the Congo. A friend has said of this good hearted man：“Mutombo believes that God has given him this chance to do great things.”
Success and kindness
After her daughter was born, Julie Aigner Clark searched for ways to share her love of music and art with her child. So she borrowed some equipment, and began filming children's videos (录像) in her own house. The Baby Einstein Company was born, and in just five years her business grew to more than $20 million in sales. And she is using her success to help others—producing child safety videos with John Walsh of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. Julie says of her new program：“I believe it's the most important thing that I have ever done. I believe that children have the right to live in a world that is safe.”
Bravery and courage
A few weeks ago, Wesley Autrey was waiting at a Harlem subway station with his two little girls when he saw a man fall into the path of a train. With seconds to act, Wesley jumped onto the tracks, pulled the man into the space between the rails (铁轨), and held him as the train passed right above their heads. He insists he's not a hero. He says, “We have got to show each other some love.”
48．What was Mutombo praised for
A．Being a star in the NBA.
B．Being a student of medicine.
C．His work in the church.
D．His willingness to help the needy.
49．Mutombo believes that building the new hospital is ________.
A．helpful to his personal development
B．something he should do for his homeland
C．a chance for his friends to share his money
D．a way of showing his respect to the NBA
50．What did the Baby Einstein Company do at its beginning
A．Produce safety equipment for children.
B．Make videos to help protect children.
C．Sell children's music and artwork.
D．Look for missing and exploited children..
51．Why was Wesley Autrey praised as a hero
A．He helped a man get across the rails.
B．He stopped a man from destroying the rails.
C．He protected two little girls from getting hurt.
D．He saved a person without considering his own safety.
答案与解析
48．D　根据第一部分可知，Mutombo 成了NBA篮球明星并成为美国市民后不忘生养自己的土地，不忘去帮助别人。
49．B　建医院是为了为家乡的人做点贡献，帮助他们过上更好的生活。
50．C　由第二部分的前三句话可知C正确；B项不是公司开始做的事，而是现在做的事。
51．D　一个人掉进火车轨道里去，火车飞驰而来，但 Wesley Autrey 不顾自己的安危，当机立断，把那人从死神手中救了出来。
E
First lady of California, Kennedy family member, TV journalist, bestselling author Maria Shriver has had her share of fame. But when she read that kids' main goal these days is “to be famous”， she had to speak up. The speech below, delivered at her nephew's high school graduation last June, is included in her new book, Just Who Will You Be
“Famous people always seem to look happy. They always look rich. But for whatever it's worth, fame isn't a worthy goal. Fame can't make you happy, in and of itself. It can't make you feel worthy. It can't give you a life of meaning and joy. That,_I've learned, is strictly an inside job. The only way you can come to feel good about yourself and to find a life of meaning and joy is to find your own path. Live your own life, not an imitation of someone else's.”
“We live in a world that seems to put a premium on (重视) the trappings of fame. But figuring out who you are and fulfilling your own dreams— that's a worthy goal. The people I've met who are happiest in their lives, famous or not, have done just that.”
“So ask yourself what you want to be famous for. And set your sight high—because you can be famous for doing something great in this world, something that matters, something that makes life better. We need famous people with integrity (诚实), character, and vision, people who want to lead, who want to make the world a more peaceful and compassionate place—where people feel accepted and valued for who they are.”
52．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．Maria Shriver's life
B．Maria Shriver's opinion on what a worthy goal is
C．Maria Shriver's books
D．Maria Shriver's attitude toward famous people
53．What can we know about Maria Shriver
A．She is the wife of the governor of California.
B．She is the daughter of President Kennedy.
C．She likes traveling around the world.
D．She mainly writes children's books.
54．The underlined word “That” in the second paragraph refers to “________”．
A．fame B．happiness
C．a worthy goal D．a life of meaning and joy
55．Which of the following will Maria Shriver agree with
A．We should learn from famous people in order to be famous.
B．Famous people are happier than rich people.
C．Doing things to make our world a better one is a worthy goal.
D．Being happy about whatever you do is important.
答案与解析
52．B　文中 Maria Shriver 主要就当今孩子大都渴望成为名人的现状发表了自己的观点，她认为不要一味地去追求成为名人，根据自身实际，制定对他人和自己都有价值的目标，并努力去完成，这才是最重要的。
53．A　由文章首句“First lady of California...”即可得知，Maria Shriver 是加利福尼亚州州长的妻子。
54．D　联系上文可知，that 指代的是上句中的“a life of meaning and joy”。
55．C　由最后一段可知，Maria Shriver 号召人们去做有利于改善人们生活、有助于推动世界和平的事情。C项表述与之吻合。
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正：
此行多一个词：把多余的词用(\)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意：原行没有错的不要改。
Our class hold a class meeting to discuss whether it is
56.________
good or not for middle school students to surf the Internet. As
57.________
the development of society, computers that are used widely nowadays.
58.________
Surfing the Internet is not a good way we can get
59.________
more informations but also it is convenient to communicate
60.________
with others. Therefore, not all the students agree to this
61.________
opinion. They think it is harmful to spend much time play
62.________
computer games. It is really waste of time and money，
63.________
that has a bad effect on us. In my opinion ，we should
64.________
limit our time of surfing the Internet as middle school students.
65.________
答案与解析
56．hold→held　举行班会已成为过去，故用一般过去时。
57．As→With　as 连词，表示“由于，随着”，引导从句；而此处是短语，故用 with。
58．去掉 that　computers 是主语，are used 是谓语，它们构成简单句。
59．not 后加 only　not only...but also...是固定搭配。
60．informations→information　information 是不可数名词。
61．Therefore→However　however 表转折。
62．play→playing　spend some time (in) doing sth. 花时间做某事，是固定搭配。
63．waste 前加 a　a waste of 是固定搭配。
64．that→which　that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。
65．?
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是李华，你从21st Century 报上了解到澳大利亚中学生 Stella 想与一位中国中学生结为笔友，以便交流思想。请你根据下面表格中的内容给他写信，并表示希望与他成为笔友。
个人介绍 年龄15岁，进入高中半年，喜欢英语，爱好足球、集邮(600枚邮票)
愿望 如果你同意，请介绍自己的情况及爱好
注意：1.写作应包括表格中的各项内容；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．词数100左右。开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Stella，
I'm very glad to see the news from the 21st Century that __________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
范文
Dear Stella，
I'm very glad to see the news from the 21st Century that you would love to find a Chinese high school student as your pen friend. Perhaps I'm the right one you are looking for.
I am 15 years old and I've been studying at No.1 Middle School for only half a year. Of all my lessons, English is my favourite subject. In my spare time, I often play football with my classmates. I'm also fond of collecting stamps. At present, I have got about six hundred stamps. Would you like to tell me something about yourself and your hobbies
I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours，
Li Hua