周末培优
重要程度：★★★★★
难易程度：★★★★★
(2017·浙江)Pahlsson
and
her
husband
now
think
the
ring
probably
got
swept
into
a
pile
of
kitchen
rubbish
and
was
spread
over
the
garden,
(2)
it
remained
until
the
carrot’s
leafy
top
accidentally
sprouted
(生长)
through
it.
【参考答案】where
【易错提醒】
1.
当先行词是时间名词时，既可以用when引导定语从句，也可以用that或which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中充当状语，用when引导；若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。
2.
当先行词为地点名词时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。
3.
当position，point，case，stage，situation，atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where来引导。
4.
关系副词why指原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般是reason。
5.
若代替先行词reason的关系词在定语从句中不作状语，而是充当主语或宾语，则用that或which来引导定语从句。
1.
(2015·天津)The
boss
of
the
company
is
trying
to
create
an
easy
atmosphere
his
employees
enjoy
their
work.
A.
where
B.
which
C.
when
D.
who
2.
(2015·陕西)As
the
smallest
child
of
his
family,
Alex
is
always
longing
for
the
time
he
should
be
able
to
be
independent.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
whom
D.
when
3.
(2014·江西)It
was
the
middle
of
the
night
my
father
woke
me
up
and
told
me
to
watch
the
football
game.
A.
that
B.
as
C.
which
D.
when
4.
(2014·福建)Students
should
involve
themselves
in
community
activities
they
can
gain
experience
for
growth.
A.
who
B.
when
C.
which
D.
where
5.
(2014·江苏)The
book
has
helped
me
greatly
in
my
daily
communication,
especially
at
work
a
good
impression
is
a
must.
A.
which
B.
when
C.
as
D.
where
6.
(2014·湖南)I
am
looking
forward
to
the
day
my
daughter
can
read
this
book
and
know
my
feelings
for
her.
A.
as
B.
why
C.
when
D.
where
7.
(2014·浙江)I
don’t
become
a
serious
climber
until
the
fifth
grade,
I
went
up
to
rescue
a
kite
that
was
stuck
in
the
branches
of
a
tree.
A.
when
B.
where
C.
which
D.
why
1.
A
【解析】句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。句中先行词为atmosphere，引导词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。根据句意可知选A。
3.
D
【解析】由句意可知，__________
my
father
woke
me
up
and
told
me
to
watch
the
football
game作定语修饰the
middle
of
the
night，所填词引导定语从句，该定语从句中缺少时间状语，用in
which/when来连接，因此选D。
4.
D
【解析】句意：学生应该参加社团活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。分析句子结构可知这里是定语从句，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。
5.
D
【解析】考查定语从句。句中的先行词为work，引导词在从句a
good
impression
is
a
must中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。句意：这本书对我的日常交际有极大的帮助，尤其在工作中，良好的印象是必须的。故D正确。
6.
C
【解析】句意：我正盼望我女儿能够阅读并知道我对她的感情的那一天。句中的先行词为the
day，在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when。选C。escape
重要程度：★★☆☆☆
难易程度：★☆☆☆☆
The
policeman
caught
the
robber,
who
was
trying
to
escape
_____________
the
police
car.
【参考答案】from
【拓展延伸】
escape
◆(1)
vi.
逃跑；逃离（常与介词from连用）；vt.
逃脱；逃避。常用短语：escape
(doing)
sth.
逃脱（做）某事escape
death
死里逃生
◆(2)
n.
逃走，逃脱。常用短语：have
a
narrow
escape
九死一生make
one’s
escape
逃跑fire
escape
消防通道
1.
The
boy
was
lucky
enough
.
A.
to
escape
to
be
punished
B.
escaping
to
be
punished
C.
to
escape
being
punished
D.
to
escape
punishing
2.
完成句子
①No
detail
was
too
small
______________________________
her
attention.
再小的细节都逃不过她的眼睛。
②His
______________________________
the
prison
made
all
the
people
in
the
town
worried.
他从监狱逃走了，这使得镇上所有的人都很担忧。
③He
______________________________in
the
car
accident.
他在那场车祸中九死一生。
④But
for
me
television
is
______________________________.
但是对我而言，看电视是一种逃避。
2.
①to
escape
②escape
from
③had
a
narrow
escape
④an
escape
1.
跑得了和尚跑不了庙。
2.
躲得过初一，躲不过十五。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________________________________________每周一测
I.
阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Johnny
Cash
was
born
in
1932
in
the
southern
state
of
Arkansas.
His
parents
were
poor
cotton
farmers.
As
a
school
boy,
he
began
writing
songs
and
he
performed
on
radio
programs.
After
high
school,
he
joined
the
United
States
Air
Force
and
served
as
a
radio
operator
in
Germany.
He
returned
to
the
United
States
in
1954
and
formed
a
band
with
two
friends
and
performed
at
local
events.
They
began
recording
for
Sun
Records
in
Memphis.
One
of
the
songs
Cash
wrote
became
the
first
country
music
hit
record
for
the
company.
It
was
＂Cry,
Cry,
Cry＂.
Johnny
Cash
performed
all
across
the
United
States
and
Canada.
By
1958,
Johnny
Cash
was
a
successful
recording
artist,
songwriter
and
singer.
He
was
invited
to
perform
at
the
Grand
Ole
Opry
in
Nashville,
Tennessee.
Johnny
Cash
won
many
awards,
including
eleven
Grammy
Awards
and
the
Kennedy
Center
Honors.
He
was
elected
to
both
the
Country
Music
Hall
of
Fame
and
the
Rock
and
Roll
Hall
of
Fame.
He
also
received
a
Grammy
Lifetime
Achievement
Award.
He
died
on
September
12,
2003,
in
Nashville
at
the
age
of
seventy-one.
Fans
say
that
Johnny
Cash’s
music
was
important
because
it
told
simple
stories
about
life
and
death.
They
say
he
cared
about
social
issues
and
continued
to
express
support
for
those
who
are
poor
and
without
political
power.
One
of
the
last
songs
he
recorded
was
one
made
popular
by
the
rock
and
roll
group
Nine
Inch
Nails.
It
is
called
＂Hurt＂.
1.
Johnny
Cash
returned
to
the
United
States
after
.
A.
he
finished
high
school
B.
he
served
in
US
Air
Force
in
Germany
C.
he
formed
a
band
D.
his
song
Cry,
Cry,
Cry
became
famous
2.
From
the
passage
we
can
infer
that
.
A.
Johnny
Cash
performed
his
famous
song
Cry,
Cry,
Cry
at
the
Grand
Ole
Opry
B.
the
Grand
Ole
Opry
is
a
place
where
famous
singers
hold
their
concerts
C.
Johnny
Cash’s
music
was
only
loved
by
his
fans
D.
Johnny
Cash
didn’t
care
about
social
problems
3.
What
does
the
underlined
word
＂hit＂
mean
in
the
second
paragraph
A.
Beat.
B.
Failure.
C.
Strike.
D.
Success.
4.
Johnny
Cash’s
songs
were
loved
by
his
fans
because
.
A.
he
won
many
awards
in
his
lifetime
B.
his
songs
were
sung
by
the
rock
and
roll
group
Nine
Inch
Nails
C.
his
songs
expressed
support
for
the
poor
people
with
no
political
power
D.
he
often
performed
in
the
Grand
Ole
Opry
B
Watson
entered
Mr
Smith’s
office.
The
boss
was
a
hard
man.
He
fired
people
who
didn’t
do
well
without
giving
them
a
second
chance.
＂Watson,＂
said
Mr
Smith,＂this
past
year
your
department
hasn’t
earned
money.
We’re
going
to
drop
that
department.
It’s
finished.
I’m
sorry,
but
you’ll
have
to
go.＂
＂But,
sir—if
I
just
had
a
little
more
time.
For
the
moment
I
need
the
job
to
keep
my
son
at
Riverside
School.＂
＂What’s
that!＂
said
the
boss.＂Riverside!
I
didn’t
know
you
had
a
boy
there.
That’s
an
expensive
school
for
a
man
with
your
salary.＂
＂I
know,
sir.
But
he
likes
there
so
much!
He’s
a
star
athlete
and
the
best
boxer
in
the
school.
The
boys
call
him
Champ(冠军)there.＂
The
boss
sat
perfectly
still
for
a
long
time—a
faraway
(恍惚的)
look
in
his
eyes.
Then,
suddenly,
he
said,＂We
have
got
to
close
your
department,
Watson.
But
you’ll
take
over
a
new
job
in
another
department.
It
means
longer
hours—maybe
more
pay.
Now
get
out.
You’re
here
for
life.＂
Watson
got
out,
with
surprise
on
his
face.
Then
the
boss
took
a
letter
from
the
top
drawer
of
his
desk.
It
was
Herbie’s
last
letter
from
Riverside
School—written
a
few
days
before
he
died.
He
had
read
it
over
and
over
again
with
sick
pain.
The
letter
read:
I
can’t
say
the
boys
here
are
any
nicer
to
me
than
the
others
were.
I
guess
it’s
the
same
everywhere
when
you’re
a
cripple
(跛脚的人).
But
don’t
worry
about
me,
Dad.
They’ve
got
a
good
chemistry
department
here.
And
there’s
one
boy
here
who
is
really
great.
He’s
a
track
star
and
boxing
champ
and
just
tops
in
chemistry.
The
boys
call
him
Champ.
He
made
them
stop
throwing
my
books
around.
And
he
knocked
a
boy
down
who
hit
me.
He
is
the
best
friend
I
ever
had.
Dad,
when
I
grow
up,
I
want
to
do
something
for
Champ.
Something
big
—
that
he
won’t
even
know
about.
Your
son,
Herbie
5.
Mr
Smith
wanted
to
fire
Watson
because
.
A.
Watson
would
take
over
a
new
job
in
another
department
B.
Watson
had
his
son
study
in
Riverside
School
C.
Watson’s
son
knocked
a
boy
down
who
hit
Herbie
D.
Watson’s
department
didn’t
earn
money
that
year
6.
We
can
learn
from
the
passage
that
.
A.
Mr
Smith
didn’t
know
that
Champ
was
Watson’s
son
at
first
B.
Mr
Smith
was
told
not
to
fire
Watson
by
Herbie
C.
Mr
Smith
decided
to
give
Watson
another
chance
in
no
time
D.
Mr
Smith
wanted
to
realize
Champ’s
dream
7.
According
to
the
passage,
which
words
can
best
describe
Mr
Smith
A.
Sympathetic
and
grateful.
B.
Selfish
and
greedy.
C.
Hardworking
and
strict.
D.
Easy-going
and
optimistic.
8.
The
author
wrote
the
passage
in
order
to
.
A.
make
our
children
enjoy
life
B.
share
a
moving
story
with
us
C.
provide
us
with
tips
on
work
D.
help
us
to
deal
with
our
boss
II.
完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Mandela,
South
African
freedom
fighter,
was
put
in
prison
on
a
lonely
island
for
27
years.
In
those
years
he
was
1 treated
though
already
reaching
his
2 age.
The
rocky
island,
which
is
covered
with
snakes,
seals
and
other
3 , is
7
miles
4 from
the
capital.
In
the
daytime,
Mandela
had
to
work
on
a
stone
pit,
5 big
stones
into
small
pieces
or
go
to
the
sea,
6 kelp(海带)
out
of
the
cold
seawater.
Being
a
major
criminal,
he
was
specially
7 by
three
men,
who
were
always
finding
faults
in
what
he
did
and
then
8 him.
1991
saw
Mandela’s
release(释放)from
9 .
One
of
his
touching
moments
happened
on
his
ceremony
of
his
coming
into
10 .
As
elected
President
of
South
Africa,
he
first
introduced
the
political
11
from
all
over
the
world.
He
said
he
was
pleased
to
meet
them
at
his
introduction
into
Presidency.
But,
to
his
greatest
__12__,
the
three
guards
also
attended
the
ceremony.
He
13
them
to
rise
from
their
seats
so
as
to
be
introduced
to
everybody
14 .
Being
old,
he
slowly
stood
up
from
his
seat
and
15
to
the
three
very
men.
A
tongue-tied
silence
occupied
the
hall.
Being
so
16 ,
Mandela
made
all
the
whites,
who
cruelly
treated
him
for
many
years,
17
to
death.
His
behavior
won
him
universal
admiration.
Later,
he
explained
to
his
friends
that
he
was
bad-tempered
when
he
was
young.
It
was
18
that
he
learned
to
control
himself
and
was
able
to
19 from
the
hard
years.
＂When
I
stepped
out
of
prison
and
threw
myself
into
20 ,
I
was
aware
that
if
I
can’t
leave
hatred
and
sorrow
behind
in
the
prison,
I
remain
imprisoned.＂
1.
A.
badly
B.
well
C.
equally
D.
seriously
2.
A.
own
B.
old
C.
high
D.
certain
3.
A.
plants
B.
stones
C.
insects
D.
animals
4.
A.
far
B.
along
C.
away
D.
off
5.
A.
picking
B.
digging
C.
putting
D.
breaking
6.
A.
collecting
B.
producing
C.
discovering
D.
planting
7.
A.
served
B.
guarded
C.
treated
D.
cured
8.
A.
punished
B.
killed
C.
hated
D.
fired
9.
A.
sentence
B.
election
C.
prison
D.
office
10.
A.
palace
B.
room
C.
get-together
D.
power
11.
A.
opinions
B.
leaders
C.
demands
D.
differences
12.
A.
surprise
B.
anger
C.
joy
D.
disappointment
13.
A.
let
B.
demanded
C.
ordered
D.
requested
14.
A.
around
B.
nearby
C.
present
D.
faraway
15.
A.
saluted
B.
greeted
C.
apologized
D.
talked
16.
A.
experienced
B.
broad-minded
C.
generous
D.
open-minded
17.
A.
pitiful
B.
painful
C.
delighted
D.
shamed
18.
A.
at
war
B.
at
church
C.
in
prison
D.
in
school
19.
A.
fight
B.
survive
C.
make
D.
spend
20.
A.
freedom
B.
life
C.
work
D.
politics
III.
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加﹑删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出修改后的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When
I
was
in
high
school,
I
had
an
awful
experience.
At
that
time
I
was
so
brave
and
outgoing
as
the
others.
Because
of
that,
a
boy
name
Big
Tom
would
do
all
kinds
of
bad
things
to
me.
I
was
scaring
to
see
him.
So
yesterday,
a
friend
told
me
that
Big
Tom
wanted
to
see
me
and
invited
me
to
dine
out.
I
agreed.
We
met
in
a
bar
and
I
was
so
happy
that
nothing
went
well.
By
the
end
of
that
night,
Big
Tom
apologized
for
what
he
has
done
to
me.
Now
we
have
become
close
friends.
In
our
life,
everyone
may
make
mistakes.
What
counts
most
are
that
we
have
the
courage
to
correct
them.
IV.
语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入
1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The
woman
often
called
the
First
Lady
of
New
York
died
on
August.
Brooke
Astor
was
one
hundred
and
five
years
old.
The
extremely
wealthy
and
famous
New
Yorker
spent
much
of
her
life
__1__
(help)
the
needy
in
her
beloved
city.
She
was
born
in
Portsmouth,
New
Hampshire.
She
was
the
only
child
of
a
high
level
military
officer.
After
two
earlier
__2__
(marry),
she
married
Vincent
Astor
in
1953
again.
He
came
from
a
family
__3__
had
been
rich
for
at
least
one
hundred
years.
Among
other
things,
he
owed
many
buildings
in
New
York
City.
Brooke
Astor
became
one
of
the
__4__
(rich)
women
in
the
world
when
Vincent
Astor
died.
She
also
became
head
of
a
huge
charity
organization
__5__
(found)
by
her
husband.
He
repeatedly
had
told
her
she
would
have
fun
giving
__6__
his
money.
And
apparently
she
did.
Miss
Astor
gave
tens
of
millions
of
dollars
__7__
(main)
to
places
and
people
in
New
York
City.
She
said
it
was
the
sensible
choice
because
that
was
__8__
the
money
had
been
made.
She
gave
financial
support
to
the
city's
cultural
centers,
the
poor
and
disabled
as
__9__
as
to
many
other
smaller
charities.
When
she
died,
the
mayor
of
New
York
said
the
city
would
not
be
what
it
is
today
__10__
her
support.
I.
阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】本文介绍了美国著名艺术家、歌词作者、歌唱家Johnny
Cash的生平和成就。
1.
B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的＂After
high
school，he
joined
the
United
States
Air
Force
and
served
as
a
radio
operator
in
Germany.＂以及第二段中的＂He
returned
to
the
United
States
in
1954＂可知B选项正确。
2.
B
【解析】推理判断题。从第三段可以推测出，Johnny
Cash成为著名歌唱家以后被邀请在the
Grand
Ole
Opry演出，故可推断the
Grand
Ole
Opry是著名歌唱家举办音乐会的地方。
3.
D
【解析】词义猜测题。由下文中Johnny
Cash获得的成功可知，画线单词的意思应该是＂成功＂。
B
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文，讲述了一个让人懂得感恩的感人故事。
5.
D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的＂‘Watson,’
said
Mr
Smithbut
you’ll
have
to
go.＂可知Smith先生要开除Watson的原因是Watson负责的部门当年没有盈利。
6.
A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的＂I
didn’t
know
you
had
a
boy
there.＂可知Smith先生起初并不知道Champ是Watson的儿子。
7.
A 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的＂But
you’ll
take
over
a
new
job
in
another
department.
It
means
longer
hours
—
maybe
more
pay
You’re
here
for
life.＂可知，Smith先生是一个有同情心且懂得感恩的人。
8.
B 【解析】目的意图题。通过阅读文章可知，作者写这篇文章是为了分享一个让我们懂得感恩的感人故事。
II.
完形填空
【语篇解读】曼德拉是当代一位不同寻常的伟人。有人说他是无畏的＂自由斗士＂、杰出的＂政治领袖＂，也有人说他是＂友好的人、高贵的人、有趣的人＂，更有人称他为＂世界公民＂。本文以一件事具体描写了纳尔逊 曼德拉博大的胸襟。
1.
A
根据后文＂who
were
always
finding
faults
in
what
he
did＂以及全篇故事发展的线索，曼德拉当时受到了很差地待遇。badly糟糕地；well好地；equally平等地；seriously严肃地。故选A。
2.
B
虽然曼德拉已年届＂高龄＂，仍遭受如此待遇。own自己的；old年老的；high高的；certain一定的。故选B。
3.
D
由前文的snakes,
seals提示可知，此处应为其他＂动物＂。plants植物；stones石头；insects昆虫；animals动物。故选D。
4.
C
表示两者相距有多远时，用副词away与from搭配。故选C。
5.
D
年事已高的曼德拉不得不在采石场(stone
pit)从事繁重的体力劳动，将大石块砸成碎小的石料。pick拾起；dig挖掘；put放置；break弄碎。故选D。
6.
A
不砸石块时，曼德拉得下海采集海带。collect收集；produce生产；discover发现；plant种植。故选A。
7.
B
由于是要犯，共有三个人专门看守曼德拉。serve服务；guard看守，警卫；treat对待；cure治疗。故选B。
8.
A
这些看守人员总是挑刺惩罚(punish)他。punish惩罚；kill杀；hate讨厌；fire解雇。故选A。
9.
C
1991年，曼德拉终于被释放。表示＂出狱＂，用release
from
prison。故选C。
11.
B
在就职仪式上，曼德拉首先介绍前去出席仪式的各国政要(leaders)。opinion观点；leader领导；demand要求；difference区别。故选B。
12.
C
此处为体现主旨的关键信息，前文有转折连词but。此句大意为：各国政要的到场祝贺令曼德拉非常高兴，但最使他高兴的是那三个曾在他被囚禁期间看守他的狱卒也到场祝贺。surprise惊讶；anger愤怒；joy高兴；disappointment失望。故选C。
13.
D
曼德拉不计前嫌，以德报怨，请出这三位小人物。request
sb
to
do
sth邀请某人做某事；demand与order都含有命令口吻，语气过于强硬，且demand要加of才能接宾补，即demand
of
sb
to
do
sth；let结构不对。故只有D项符合题意。
14.
C
＂在场的每个人＂，present常作后置定语，表示＂出席的，到场的＂。around四周的；nearby附近的；faraway遥远的。故选C。
15.
A
年事已高的曼德拉慢慢地从自己的座位上站起来，向这三个小人物行礼。salute(正式地)＂行礼，致敬＂，一般用于庄重场合；greet＂问候，致敬＂，常用于一般场合。此处为＂行军礼＂，故选A。
16.
B
曼德拉如此博大的胸怀使得那些曾顽固坚持种族隔离政策并欺负曼德拉27年的所有白人汗颜、无地自容。experienced
有经验的；broad -minded宽宏大量的，心胸宽广的；generous慷慨大方的；open- minded思想开明的。B项正确。
18.
C
正是在狱中，他学会了控制自己。in
prison＂在狱中＂，故选C。
19.
B
如果在狱中不学会＂忍＂，他可能就不会＂幸免于难＂，不会活下来。fight斗争；survive生存，存活；make使得，制作；spend花费。故选B。
20.
A
曼德拉说＂当我走出囚室、迈向自由时，我已经清楚，自己若不能把悲痛与怨恨留在身后，那么我其实仍在狱中＂。freedom自由；life生命，生活；work工作；politics政治。故选A。
III.
短文改错
When
I
was
in
high
school,
I
had
an
awful
experience.
At
that
time
I
was
so
brave
and
outgoing
asothers.
Because
of
that,
a
boy
Big
Tom
would
do
all
kinds
of
bad
things
to
me.
I
was
to
see
him.
yesterday,
a
friend
told
me
that
Big
Tom
wanted
to
see
me
and
me
to
dine
out.
I
agreed.
We
met
in
a
bar
and
I
was
so
happy
that
went
well.
the
end
of
that
night,
Big
Tom
apologized
for
what
he
done
to
me.
Now
we
have
become
close
friends.
In
our
life,
everyone
may
make
mistakes.
What
counts
most
that
we
have
the
courage
to
correct
them.
第一处：was后加上not
由前文中的awful
experience可知，那个时候我不像别人那么勇敢和外向，因此要在was后加上not。
第二处：去掉the
others指＂其他人＂，the
others指＂其余的（表示在一个范围内的其他全部）＂，由语境可知这里指的是其他人，所以要把the去掉。
第三处：name
→
named
name和boy之间为被动关系，要用过去分词作后置定语，所以要把name改成named。
第四处：scaring
→
scared
-ed形容词通常用于说明人，不用于说明事物；-ing形容词常用来说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征。由语境可知这里是指＂我＂的感觉，故要把scaring改为scared。
第五处：So
→
But
由语境可知，上下文之间为转折关系，因此要把So改为But。
第六处：invited
→
invite
由and可知，see和invite是并列关系，因此要把invited改为invite。
第七处：nothing
→
everything
由happy可知我和Big
Tom的见面一切都很顺利、愉快，故要把nothing改为everything。
第八处：By
→
At
那天晚上结束时，Big
Tom
为他所做的事向我道歉了。at
the
end
of表示＂在……尽头；在……结束时＂，by
the
end
of表示＂到……为止＂，故要把By改为At。
第九处：has
→
had
由语境可知，do的动作发生在apologized的动作之前，因此要用过去完成时，故要把has改成had。
第十处：are
→
is
从句作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式，故要把are改为is。
IV.
语法填空
【语篇解读】本文讲述的是一位105岁高龄的女士的个人生平，她为纽约做出了很大的贡献。
1.
helping 考查非谓语动词。＂spend
sometime
(in)
doing
sth.＂，故填helping。
2.
marriages 考查词形转换。two
earlier修饰名词，且为复数，故填marriages。
3.
that/which 考查定语从句。从句中缺少主语，且指物，故填that/which。
4.
richest 考查形容词的比较等级。＂one
of
the…in
the
world＂表示＂世界上……的人之一＂，the后应用最高级。
6.
away 考查固定短语。give
away意为＂馈赠，捐赠＂。
7.
mainly 考查词形转换。分析语法及语义可知，此处填副词修饰动词。
8.
where 考查表语从句。从句中缺少语义，即金钱被制造的地方，故填where。
9.
well 考查固定短语。as
well
as意为＂除了……之外，还……＂。
10.
without 考查介词。结合语义可知，此处表示没有她的支持，纽约市不会是现在的样子。equal
重要程度：★★☆☆☆
难易程度：★★☆☆☆
(2017·天津改编)
It
will
put
fully
driverless
cars
on
an
__________(同样的)
legal
footing
to
human
drivers,
he
says.
【参考答案】equal
【拓展延伸】
equal
(1)v.
等于；抵得上
equal
sb.
in
在……方面比得上某人(2)
adj.
相等的；胜任的
be
equal
to
与……同样出色；胜任，能应付；与……相等be
equal
in
在……方面相等(3)
n.
同等的人；相等物have
no
equal
in
在……方面无人可比without
equal无以伦比
【名师点睛】equal既可以作形容词，又可以作名词和动词。be
equal
to中的to为介词，其后应接名词、代词或动名词。
1.
(2014·陕西改编)
Men
and
women
must
be
treated
__________________（平等地）in
education
and
employment.
2.
One
thousand
grams
________________
(equal)
one
kilogram.
3.
Ms
Black
is
considered
a(n)
lady
by
her
neighbors,
for
she
often
helps
the
poor
old
man
next
door.
A.
generous
B.
equal
C.
mean
D.
selfish
4.
Children
in
the
country
should
have
the
right
to
ask
for
___________
education
opportunities
as
those
in
the
city.
A.
equal
B.
unfair
C.
common
D.
usual
1.
equally
【解析】句意：男女必须在教育和工作上得到平等对待。由句意和括号内所给的汉语提示可知要填equally。
2.
equals/are/is
equal
to
3.
A
【解析】句意：布莱克女士的邻居们认为她很慷慨，因为她经常帮助隔壁那个贫困的老人。generous慷慨的，大方的；equal相等的，平等的；mean吝啬的；selfish自私的。由句意可知选A。
情景造句：equal
天才=99%的汗水+1%的天赋
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________turn
to
重要程度：★★☆☆☆
难易程度：★★☆☆☆
(2015·天津)
Tom
had
to
the
invitation
to
the
party
last
weekend
because
he
was
too
busy.
A.
turn
in
B.
turn
down
C.
turn
over
D.
turn
to
【参考答案】B
【拓展延伸】
turn
on
打开turn
off
关掉turn
into
变成turn
up
出现；调高turn
in
上交turn
out
结果是，证明是turn
over
翻转；翻身turn
down
拒绝；调低turn
to求助于；翻到；转身，转向，转到
1.
She’s
having
a
lot
of
trouble
with
the
new
computer,
but
she
doesn’t
know
whom
to
.
A.
turn
to
B.
look
for
C.
deal
with
D.
talk
about
2.
—You
look
upset.
What’s
the
matter
—I
had
my
proposal
____________
again.
A.
turned
over
B.
turned
to
C.
turned
off
D.
turned
down
3.
翻译句子
我不得不向我的老师求助。
____________________________________________________________________________________
1.
A
【解析】句意：她在使用新电脑上有很多困难，但是她不知道该向谁求助。turn
to求助于；look
for寻找；deal
with处理，对付；talk
about谈论。由句意可知选A。
3.
I
have
to
turn
to
my
teacher
for
help.
你知道哪些turn短语？
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________reward
重要程度：★★☆☆☆
难易程度：★★★☆☆
(2017·江苏改编)
In
addition,
the
team
set
up
a
separate
experiment
that
suggested
that
the
baby
birds
that
most
closely
imitated
their
mom’s
voice
______________
(reward)
with
the
most
food.
【参考答案】were
rewarded
【拓展延伸】
reward
◆(1)v.
报答；奖赏。常见搭配：reward
sb
for
sth
因某事而奖赏某人
reward
sb
with
sth
用某物回报某人
◆(2)n.
奖赏；回报；酬金。常见搭配：in
reward
for为奖赏……as
a
reward
for作为对……的奖赏
【易混辨析】award,
reward,
prize
三者的含义基本相同，但在不同语境中表达的含义有所差别。
1.
award
指正式地或官方地颁发、授予、给予，也可以指法庭裁决给予。
2.
reward＂报答，报偿，奖赏＂，表示由于做了某事而应该得到的东西。
3.
prize＂奖赏，奖金，奖品＂，尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉。
1.
It
is
widely
accepted
that
young
babies
learn
to
do
things
because
certain
acts
lead
to
.
A.
rewards
B.
prizes
C.
awards
D.
results
2.
选词填空：award,
reward,
prize
①The
fireman
received
a
____________
for
saving
a
child’s
life.
因救了一个小孩的命，那位消防员提到一笔奖金。
②Hundreds
of
____________can
be
won
in
our
newspaper
competition.
参加我们报纸的竞赛可以赢得数以百计的奖品。
③The
school
principal
____________
a
prize
in
history
to
the
best
student.
学校校长将历史奖授予最出色的学生。
2.
①reward
②prizes
③awarded
你知道怎样＂奖励＂做好事的人吗？
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________定语从句(II)
重要程度：★★★★★
难易程度：★★★★★
(2016·天津)We
will
put
off
the
picnic
in
the
park
until
next
week,
the
weather
may
be
better.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
which
D.
when
【参考答案】D
【拓展延伸】
1.
关系代词和关系副词的选择
定语从句的引导词用关系代词还是关系副词可用以下方法判断：用法依据根据从句的谓语动词若是及物动词，后面若无宾语，用关系代词；若是不及物动词，则用关系副词根据关系词在从句中作的成分把关系词放进定语从句中，若作主语或宾语用关系代词；若作状语则用关系副词2.＂介词+关系代词＂引导的定语从句在＂介词+关系代词＂引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which或whom，不能用that。先行词指物时，用which；先行词指人时，用whom。
I.
用where，when，why，that，which,
whether或whom填空
1.
Do
you
remember
the
scene
________
Cao
Cao
and
Liu
Bei
were
drinking
2.
He
didn’t
know
________
to
go
on
or
stop.
3.
I
walked
up
to
the
top
of
the
hill
with
my
friends,
we
enjoyed
a
splendid
view
of
the
lake.
4.
I
will
never
forget
the
days
________
I
was
taken
good
care
of
in
that
village.
5.
None
of
us
know
the
reason
________
Tom
was
absent
from
the
meeting.
6.
The
reason
________________
he
explained
at
the
meeting
for
his
absence
didn’t
make
sense.
7.
I
still
remember
the
night
________
she
left
the
house.
8.
However,
this
was
a
time
one
had
got
to
have
a
passbook
to
live
in
Johannesburg.
9.
Today
we
have
reached
a
stage
we
have
almost
no
rights
at
all.
10.
Do
you
know
the
reason
John
is
so
angry
II.
单项填空
1.(2015·北京)Opposite
is
St.
Paul’s
Church,
you
can
hear
some
lovely
music.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
when
D.
where
2.
(2015·浙江)Creating
an
atmosphere
employees
feel
part
of
a
team
is
a
big
challenge.
A.
as
B.
whose
C.
in
which
D.
at
which
3.
Many
young
people,
most
were
well-educated,
headed
for
remote
regions
to
chase
their
dreams.
A.
of
which
B.
of
them
C.
of
whom
D.
of
those
I.
用where，when，why，that，which,
whether或whom填空
1.
where
2.
whether
3.
where
4.
when
5.
why
6.
that/which
7.
when
8.
when
9.
where
10.
why
II.
单项填空
1.
D
【解析】句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。这是一个定语从句，先行词是St.
Paul’s
Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，由此可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语，要用where。故选D。
2.
C
【解析】句意：创造一种雇员感觉是其中一员的氛围是一个大的挑战。这是一个定语从句，in
the
atmosphere＂在氛围中＂是一个固定短语，因此要用in
which来引导定语从句，此处也可以用where来引导。
＂定语从句＂关系副词用法回顾：
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