Unit 4 Pygmalion language points

课件82张PPT。Book 8 Unit 4Language Points1. Professor Higgins (H): an expert in phonetics, convinced that the quality of a person’s English decides his/her position in society.
▲ convince vt. to cause to believe or feel certain; to persuade 说服; 使相信; 说(某人)
①convince sb. of sth. 使（某人）确信（事情），说服，使信服
e.g. That explanation doesn’t convince me.
我设法使他们相信他是清白无辜的。
I tried to convince them of his innocence.② convince sb. that 使（某人）确信……
e.g. Her smile convinced him that she was happy.
我试图说服我妻子我们买不起新车。
I tried to convince my wife that we can’t afford a new car.
③ convince sb. to do 说服（某人）做……
我们说服了他坐火车去,不要搭飞机。
We convinced him to go by train rather than plane.

convinced adj. 坚信的;意志坚定的
convincing adj. 令人心服的 2. Colonel Pickering (P): an officer in the army and later a friend of Higgins’ who sets him a task.
▲ officer与official
officer 主要用于指军官, 也可指公司或政府机构中的高级职员;
official 指政府内的文职官员, 用作形容词时指“ 官方的, 正式的”。
军官住在总部,士兵住在军营。
① The officers live at headquarters and the soldiers live in the camps.
总统和部长为政府高级官员。
② The president and his ministers are government officials. ▲ set
(1) vt.安排;布置(岗哨); 定(时间、标准)；创造(记录);专心于
①在大门四周布下卫兵。
Set guards around the gate.
②开会时间与日期尚未确定。
The time and date of the meeting have not yet been set.
③他创下了一项新记录。
He set a new record.
④Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.
世上无难事, 只怕有心人。 (2) vt. 使……做某事;使……处于某种状态
⑤我把鸟笼打开,让鸟自由飞翔。
I opened the cage and set the bird free.
⑥星星之火使整个森林燃烧起来。
A spark set the woods on fire.
(3) vi. (日、月等) 下落；下沉
⑦日落后天就会凉爽起来。
It will be cooler when the sun has set. (4) n.一套，一组；电器设备
⑧我买了一套鲁迅短篇小说集。
I bought a set of Lu Xun’s short stories.
⑨我需要一台收音机。
I need a radio set.
set off 出发, 动身
set out 出发, 着手
set about 开始,着手
set up 建立, 成立
set sb. good example 为某人树立好榜样 It’s ten years since the scientist __ on his life work of discovering the valuable chemical. (2004 · 江苏) A. made for B. set out C. took off D. turned up3. While watching, he makes notes.
▲ while watching 为while he was watching 省略句。在以when, while, if, unless等引导的状语从句中,如果从句中的主语与主句主语一致且从句谓语动词含有be动词的形式,往往将从句中的主语及be动词省略,而以动词的-ing形式或过去分词形式来代替。①完成工作后他就回家了。
After finishing the work, he went home.
②计划讨论后, 应立即实施。
After being discussed, the plan should be carried out at once.
③过马路时, 小心过路车辆。
While crossing the street, look out for cars passing by. 1) When_____ help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.” A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered80 D. offered
2) While______ the river, he saw a big crocodile.
to cross B. crossing
C. cross D. crossed3) Before______ , the play must be examined by the director.
putting on B. to be put on
C. put on D. being put on
4) Never_____ faith in himself, the scientist went on with his research.
A. losing B. to lose
C. lost D. to be lost5) -What’s the matter with you?
-_____ the window, my finger was cut unexpectedly.
A. Cleaning
B. To clean
C. While cleaning
D. While I was cleaning4. A gentleman passes and hesitates for a moment.
hesitate: vi.犹豫;踌躇
hesitate to do迟疑于做……
如果你有什么要求，请告诉我，不要犹豫。
Don’t hesitate to tell me if you have any requests.
hesitate about/ at/ in/ over doing 做……犹豫不决
hesitate in speaking 说话吞吞吐吐
我在完全了解事实真相后，才打消顾虑，支持他的立场。
I hesitated about taking his side until I knew the whole story.? 5. Now don’t be troublesome, there’s a
good girl.
troublesome: 带来麻烦的;使人心烦的
这个淘气的男孩子真是惹人烦。
This naughty boy is really troublesome.?
我今天咳嗽得很难受。
My cough is rather troublesome today.?6. Disappointed at the outcome but thinks it is better than nothing.
outcome: n 结果;效果
e.g. The necessary outcome of a war is a fall
in production.?
不要猜测结果.
Don't try to guess the outcome.?
你的调查结果如何？
What was the outcome of your investigation?7. I ain’t done nothing wrong by speaking to that gentleman.
▲ ain’t 是不规范的语言,相当于am not, is not, has not, have not.
① We ain’t coming. 我们不来了。
② They ain’t got it. 他们没有那玩意儿。▲ nothing wrong 中的wrong是形容词作后置定语, 修饰nothing。形容词修饰不定代词时, 必须置于不定代词之后。
①我的表出毛病了。
There’s something wrong with my watch.
②请早点来,有重要的事情要宣布。
Please come earlier. Something important will be announced.
③有什么有趣的事吗？
Is there anything interesting? 8. Here you are (hands over the paper covered with writing).
▲ hand over (to) 移交; 让与；交给某人照料
①船长不愿移交军舰的指挥权。
The captain was unwilling to hand over the command of his ship.
②小偷被交给警察处理。
The thief was handed over to the policeman. hand down (将传统、习惯等)传给(后人)
hand on 依次传递 ，传阅
hands up 举手
hand in 面交，提出
hand out 分给,分发
It is certain that he will ____ his business to his son when he gets old.
take over B. think over
C. hand over D. go over▲ covered with writing 为过去分词短语作后置定语, 相当于定语从句which/that is covered with writing.
①由他举行的音乐会很成功。
The concert given by him was a great success.
②最早为外语教学而写的英语课本出现在18世纪。
The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century.
③他们当中的一些人生长在农村, 从未见过火车。
Some of them, born and brought up in villages, have never seen a train.
④昨天开的那次会议证明很成功。
The meeting held yesterday proved to be a success. 1)Some of the suspects______ refused to answer and kept their mouths shut.
questioning B. being questioned
C. questioned D. to be questioned
2)You will find the word “psychology”
______ under “P” in any dictionary.
have listed B. to be listed
C. listing itself D. listed3)The amount of money______ for the seriously sick child was soon collected.
to need B. needed
C. needing D. which needed4)All cars ______ nowadays are equipped with safety belts, _____ are helpful to drivers.
A. being produced; they
B. to be produced; which
C. produced; which
D. produced; they9. There you are and you come from the west end of London, born in Lisson Grove if I’m not mistaken.
mistaken adj. (人)误解的；误会的；弄错的
mistaken用作形容词, 在句中作表语或前置定语。作表语时,常为be mistaken about… 对某人/事持错误的见解。 mistaken in doing 关于……弄错了。
你误会他了。
You are mistaken about him.
你要是以为他们会帮助你就错了。
You are mistaken in thinking that they’ll help you. mistaken （行为、想法等）错误的
e.g. a mistaken idea 错误的想法
a case of mistaken identity 认错人的事
老师对这个学生有不对的看法。
The teacher has a mistaken opinion of this pupil.

mistake为其名词形式或动词形式。
by mistake 弄错地
mistake … for… 把……错认为
10. What if I was?
此句为省略句。原句为: What if I was born in…?
What if…意思为“要是……又会怎样？”。
要是有外星人侵袭(invade)地球应怎么办呢？
What if aliens should invade the earth?11. Simply phonetics and classified from the people’s own speech.
classify: vt. 编排;分类;归类
classify既可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词,
作及物动词时,表示“分为……”,常构成be classified into “被分成……”, be classified as “被分为……”;
作不及物动词时,表示“属于……类”。
这样的人应该被分类为中等农民。
Such people should be classified as middle peasants. 在邮局,邮件是按其邮往何方分类的。
In the post-office, mail is classified according to the places where it is to go.
她被认为是我们这个时代的最伟大的女演员之一。
She is classified as one of the greatest actresses of our times.

classified adj.表示“分类的,机密的”;
classification n. “分类、类”。12. People begin their working life in a poor neighborhood of London with 80 pounds a year and end in a rich one with 100 thousand.
begin ... with ...以……开始；
end ... with ...以……结束；
begin / end one’s days / life in ...（在某种状态或某处）开始生活/度过余生。
他讲课前总是先让学生做热身练习。
He always begins his lessons with a warm-up exercise.
他们以一首歌曲结束了这出戏。
They ended the play with a song.
他在贫穷中度过余生。
He ended his days in poverty. 13. But they betray themselves every time they open their mouths.
betray: 显露出(本来面目); 背叛
betray +n./n.+ to 表示“出卖,背叛,辜负”;
e.g. The smoke from cooking betrayed the presence of the enemy.?
他背叛了祖国, 向敌人投降。
He betrayed his country to enemy.
他的最好的朋友背叛了他。
His best friend betrayed him. betray +n./n.+(to be)- that表示“无意中显示, 暴露”。
他说的话表明他是个爱说谎的人。
What he said betrayed the fact that he was a liar.
＝What he said betrayed him to be a liar.
他脸上的表情显示他在生气。
The expression on his face betrays that he is angry.
=The expression on his face betrays his anger.
betray oneself 无意中露出本性
betrayal （n.） an act of betrayal 背叛的行为。 every time 表示“每一次”：
类似可作连词使用的短语：the instant, the moment, the day , the year, each (every) time, next time, the first (second…) time等。
你遇到一个你不会的单词或词组不要每次都停下来。
Don’t stop every time you come to a word or phrase you don’t know.
你想什么时候来我们都欢迎。
You’re welcome to come back any time you want to.
第一次他来南京就打电话来看我。
He called to see me the first time he came to Nanjing.
下次你来的时候就看见他了。
Next time you come, you’ll see him.1)The minute ____ he saw her, he fell in love.
A. when B. /
C. that D. which2)_____ I come he is reading.
While B. Every time
C. The last D. After3) By the time you arrive in London, we
_____ in Europe for two weeks.
A. shall stay B. have stayed
C. will have stayed D. have been staying4) The moment I _____ her, I knew something _____ wrong.
A. have seen; gone B. had seen; had
C. saw; was D. see; had gone
14. Now once taught by me…
[考点] once taught是“连词+过去分词”结构，在句中作条件状语。“连词+过去分词”结构还可作时间、原因、结果等状语。此外，过去分词短语也能在句中作状语。
_____ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.
A. Faced B. Face
C. Facing D. To face
_____ by a greater demand for vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.
A. Driven B. Being driven
C. To drive D. Having driven15. The English that will condemn her to the gutter to the end of her days.
condemn: vt. 谴责；
他的行为被指责为虐待动物。
His deeds were condemned as cruelty to animals.
condemn sb. + to sth. 把……逼入（某种状态）
+ to do 使（某人）注定……
他们被迫过着苦难的生活。
They were condemned to a life of suffering.
她注定要过孤寂无依的生活。
She was condemned to lead a life of loneliness.
condemn 判刑, 宣告……有罪,与 to连用;
他被判处死刑。
He was condemned to death.16. But, sir, (proudly) once educated to speak properly, the girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador’s garden party.
这是一个复合句,从句为once she is educated to speak properly 的省略形式。
▲ pass off… as… 冒充
①她冒充是美国人。
She passed herself off as an American.
②他把秘书冒充他的妻子。
He passed his secretary off as wife. 归纳拓展
pass off 有“逐渐消失,过去;不加理会,回避, 掩饰; 进行(情况如何);把……冒充为”之意。作“冒充……”之意时, 后跟 as 。
由 pass 构成的短语有:
pass through 通过,
pass by 从旁边经过;
pass out昏倒,失去知觉;
pass... on to ...把……传递给。
1. The concert was successful. The concert ______________ well.
2. The headache passed off. The headache _________________________.passed offdisappeared gradually1. On entering another country, a tourist will have to pass ____ the Customs. A. through B. by C. over D. for2. There was a thick mist, at first, but it soon began to pass_____.
A. out B. down C. by D. off
3. I was sorry to learn that his mother had passed ______.
A. out B. away C. over D. on17. generally speaking一般来说。
[考例] _____, the more expensive the camera, the better its quality. (2005全国卷III)
A. General speaking
B. Speaking general
C. Generally speaking
D. Speaking generally18. And I came to England to make your acquaintance.
acquaintance；相识；了解；熟人
既可作不可数名词,表“熟悉,认识”,有时在其前可加不定冠词, 表“某种程度的熟悉与了解”,与with 连用;作可数名词, 表“熟识的人”。
e.g. I have some acquaintance with French, but I do not know it well.
我仍然和他联系着。
I still keep up acquaintance with him.
他是我的老相识。
He was my closest acquaintance. make one’s acquaintance 结识；与…相见
你在哪里与他相识？
Where did you make his acquaintance?
make one’s acquaintance表示“结识某人”;
=make the acquaintance of somebody gain acquaintance with…得以知悉;
cut/drop one’s acquaintance with…与某人绝交;
be acquainted with… 熟悉…
19. Looking at the collected money in amazement.
in/ with amazement: 惊愕地 =in surprise。
in在此结构中表示“处于……状态”。
他惊骇地举起了手。
He held up his hand in amazement.?
他们惊奇地转过身来.
They turned around in amazement.?
amaze vt. sb./sth. amaze sb.
amazing adj
amazement n.
to one’s amazement “使某人惊讶的是”。1. The sad news amazed him very much. He was ______________ the news.
2. Amazingly, she killed her husband. ___________ that she killed her husband.
_____________________, she killed her husband.much amazed atIt is amazingTo our/their amazementin amazement
指“造成心理上的混乱或恐慌”;
in astonishment
指“因为不可解释的事而吃惊”;
in surprise
指“由于突然或出于意外而吃惊”。类似结构有:in action在行动;in advance 事先;in anger 气忿地; in common共有,共同;in danger; in debt; in detail; in doubt; in excitement; in tear ; in general 大体上; in operation 生效,运转着;in place 在适当的位置; in reality实际上;in return 作为报答; in safety; in secret; in shape 处于良好状态;in short 简言之;in sight被看见;in silence; in store 贮藏着;in thought 思考;in trouble; in turn依次为; in vain 白白地20. A fortune!
fortune: n. 机会；运气；大笔的钱
by good fortune 幸好
seek one’s fortune 找出路，碰运气
e.g. These two brothers decided to go to
America to try their fortunes.?
他梦想发大财。
He dreamed of making a fortune.? 21. Correct all these sentences in terms of grammar, spelling, etc, so that she can use them properly.
[考点] in terms of 是介词短语，意为“就……来说；从……角度”。
归纳拓展
in terms of 其同义词为: with regard to, according to, in the light of
term构成的短语有:
come to terms 和解;
come to terms with 甘心忍受;
be on good/bad terms with 与……关系很好(坏)In the light of what you said, I shall act in different way.
____________ what you said, I shall act in a different way.
_____________ what you said, I shall take action differently.
__________ what you had told me, I shall act in a different way.
According toWith regard to In terms of单项填空
You should deliver the goods as the____ and conditions stipulated in the contract. A. terms B. items
C. things D. words2. The work is not very profitable____ terms of cash, but I am getting valuable experience from it. A. to B. for C. with D. in[考例] _____ achievement, last week’s ministerial meeting of the WTO here earned a low, though not failing, grade.
(湖南2006)
A. In terms of B. In case of
C. As a result of D. In face of
[点拨] in terms of achievement就成就而言。in case of万一；as a result of由于……；in face of面临。22. Show her in, Mrs Pearce.
show in 带或领……进来
show sb. out领某人出去。
他把我领进一间卧室。
He showed me into a bedroom.
他把我领了出去。
He showed me out.
show构成的短语有:
show sb. around 领某人参观某地;
show off 炫耀;
show up出现,来到某处; 揭露;显得好看Can you make a sentence to ____ the meaning of the phrase?
show off B. turn out
C. bring out D. take in2. It is unwise to _____your greater knowledge in front of the manager.
show in B. show out
C. show up D. show off
3. He didn’t show ___in the party last night.
A. up B. off C. over D. in23. the other day 前几天
她是我前几天看到的那个。
She is the one we saw the other day.
前几天我有一次奇怪的经历。
I had rather an odd experience the other day.
前几天我见到了你的朋友。
I saw your friend the other day.
前几天我步行去城里时见到了一个奇怪的景象。
The other day, as I was walking up to town, I saw a strange sight. 归纳拓展
the other day“前几天”, 表示过去的时间, 故句中时态用一般过去时。对比其他时间的表达法: one day “一天”。用于过去时或将来时; some day“某一天”, 只用于将来时; just now “刚才; 就在现在”, 用于过去时(刚才), 用于现在进行时(就在现在); in time按时;迟早”, 用于过去时(按时), 用于将来时(迟早)同义表达
1. The other day, a terrible accident happened on the street.
__________ago, a terrible accident happened on the street.
___________ ago, a terrible accident happened on the street.A few daysSeveral days2. What happened to you a few days ago? What became of you ___________?the other day单项填空
-Alice, why didn’t you come the other day? -I ___, but I had an unexpected visitor.
had B. would
C. was going to D. did 2. The other day, as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness _____.
has grown B. is growing
C. grew D. had grown23. She is no use at all. Take her away.
take away 带走, 取走
那孩子辍学了。
The child was taken away from school.
这条坏消息将她的快乐一扫而光。
The bad news took away all her pleasure.
7减3等于几？
If you take away three from seven, how much will you get? 归纳拓展
take away除了具有“带走、取走”的意义外, 还有“使停学、使消失、减去”等意义。
由take构成的短语有:
take after长得像; take apart拆开;
take as 看作; take back收回(诺言);
take for错认为; take in吸收,欺骗;
take off起飞,脱(衣服), 成功;
take over接管(权利); take up拿起,从事
To keep healthy, Professor Johnson____ cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired.
took up B. caught on
C. carried out D. made for2. Helen always helps her mother even though going to school _____ most of the day.
takes up B. makes up
C. saves up D. puts up3. The gentleman, _____by the beauty of the girl, ____ her ____.
hit; took; off B. struck; took; away
C. beat; took; up D. defeated; took; over24. It’ll be how to teach her grammar, not just pronunciation. She’s in need of both.
in need of 需要
他受伤了, 需要帮助。
He was hurt, and in need of help.
他不需要钱。
He was not in need of money.
他说他极需要我的帮助。
He said he was in great need of my assistance. 归纳拓展
in need of 需要……, 为介词短语, 后跟名词或代词。其同义词为in want of, in need穷困。如: Most of the people are in great need. 英语中类似结构有:in charge of 负责; in search of 搜寻; in hope of 希望; in honor of 纪念、尊重; in favor of 有利于; in spite of 尽管; in case of 以防万一; in place of 代替。The refugees are ___food, water and clothing. So urgent measures should be___.
in need of; made B. in need of ; taken
C. in favor of; taken D. in honor of; made2. The saying “A friend ___is a friend indeed” is proved true in our daily life.
in silence B. in need
C. in peace D. in sight25. ...fades out as they go off stage together.
fade out(声音、画面)逐渐模糊、渐淡
e.g. When you turn on a transistor radio the sound comes on immediately; when you turn off, it fades out gradually.
加油声在远方慢慢消失。
The sound of the cheering faded away in the distance.
夜幕降临时, 海岸线消失在黑暗之中。
As evening came the coastline faded into darkness. fade out指声音的减弱; fade away主要指自然界、记忆力的渐渐消失;表声音的渐渐消失时, fade out, fade away, die away可通用His voice became weaker and weaker, and finally died away. His voice __________.
His voice ________.faded awayfaded out2. The sound of the footsteps faded away. The sound of the footsteps _________ . The sound of the footsteps _________.died awayfaded out单项填空
1. Hopes of finding the missing climbers are now beginning to _____. A. fade B. reduce C. dim D. faint
2. When day dawned, stars___ from the sky. A. kept away B. faded out C. faded into D. died out 1. A police o_____ came to our help when our car broke down on the way.
2. If you _______ (犹豫) too much, you’ll lose the game.
3. The law has been c_________ as an attack on personal liberty.I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示, 写出该单词的正确形式。fficerhesitateondemned 练习坊4. He always travels first class, because he says tourist class is too u____________.
5. He is not a friend, only a (n) ____________ (熟人).
6. The talks had a better o_______ than we had originally hoped.ncomfortable acquaintanceutcome 7. The new ___________ (大使) is highly experienced in international diplomacy.
8. He received a large f______ when his uncle died.
9. He who b_____ his country must be punished.
10. I had to d_____ him, for he lost so much time and money.ambassadorortune etrays ismiss1. My cough is rather___________ today, which makes me very painful.
2. I thought he said 12 o’clock, but I might have been ________.II. 根据句意, 从方框内选择适当的形容词填空。superior; troublesome; mistaken; confused; brillianttroublesomemistaken3. He is good at writing and expressing himself and his composition is far _______ to mine.
4. The question is so hard, and we’re getting ________.
5. You are so clever and _______ that my poor efforts are put into the shade.superiorconfusedbrilliant1. officer; official
a. An ______ of the local government called to see him.
b. His father is a police _____.III. 根据句意, 选择适当的词填空。officialofficer2. outcome; income
a. You will see that there can be but one _______ to this affair.
b. He is changing his job because he wants a higher ______.outcomeincome3. status; statue
a. The _____ was carved out of marble.
b. Women’s social _____ has changed much over the years.
statuestatus1. The old lady counted out thirty _____ (penny) and gave them to the shop assistant.
2. I hate travelling by train — the carriages are always so dirty and _____________ (comfort).IV. 用所给词的适当形式填空。penceuncomfortable3. If I’m not ________ (mistake), that’s the man we saw on the bus.
4. “It’s one thing to play a certain type of music,” says singer Sonny Moore ___________ (dismiss), “but it’s another thing to have no originality.”mistakendismissively5. I drew a _______ (hand) of coins from my pocket.
6. “That sounds for the entire world like a dream”, she said in __________ (amaze).handfulamazement1. Whenever I saw him, I was overcome by his brilliance.
_____ ____ I saw him, I was overcome by his brilliance.
2. What shall we do if he doesn’t come?
____ __ he doesn’t come?V. 每空填一词, 使该句与所给句子的意思相同或相近。Every timeWhat if 3. While I was ready to help her, I didn’t know what she wanted.
_____ _____ __ ___ ___, I didn’t know what she wanted.
4. Jim is often considered as his brother by mistake.
Jim is often ________ __ his brother.While ready to help hermistaken for一般而言, 女性寿命较男性长。(generally speaking)
2. 他让他的妹妹装扮成一名医生。(pass ... off as)VI. 根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。Generally speaking, women live longer than men.He passed his sister off as a doctor.3. 今年的电影无论从数量上还是质量上都很好。(in terms of)
4. 我是在一次聚会上认识他的。 (make one’s acquaintance)It was a good year for films, in terms of both quantity and quality.I made his acquaintance at a party.5. 她害怕说话时露了自己的底。(betray)
6. 我记得她的名字, 但记不清她的脸了。(place)She was terrified of saying something that would make her betray herself.I remember her name but can’t place her face. 7. 图书馆的书是按科目分类的。(classify)
8. 马丁脸上汗如雨下。(pour)
Sweat poured from Martin’s face.The books in the library are classified by subject.