高二必修5?Unit?4?Making?the?news倒装讲解及练习
语法专题--- 倒装
巧记倒装 （一）?? 这（里）、那（里）、上、下、进、出、离。 （二）?? 强调表语和状语。 （三）?? 否定副、连位第一。 （四）?? so, nor, neither, 也如此。 （五）?? as(though), however引导让步句。 （六）?? only 修状位句首切牢记。 ?说明：（一）在以here, there 或out, in, up, down, away(off)等副词开头的句子里， 表示强调，主语是名词时用倒装句。此结构不需加助动词。 （1）?????? Here comes the bus. （2）?????? There goes the bell. （3）?????? Down came the rain. （4）?????? Into the hall came three women. （5）?????? Away(off) went the girl without telling anyone. （6）?????? Out rushed the man, gun in hand. （7）?????? In came the teacher. 如果后面的主语是人称代词时，则主谓不倒装。 （8）?????? Away she went with tears in her eyes. ? (二)为了保持句子的平蘅或为了强调表语和状语，或使上下文紧密衔接，把它们放在句首用倒装句。该结构不需加助动词。 （1）?????? East of the town lies a beautiful lake. （2）?????? In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor. （3）?????? Outside the doctor’s clinic were twenty patients. ? (三)含有否定或半否定意义的副词、连词如：hardly(scarcely), never, not, not only, little, seldom, no sooner…(than), not until, no where等，放在句首时要用倒装句。 （1）?????? Hardly(Scarcely) had he reached the station when the train started. （2）?????? Not once did we visit the city of our own. （3）?????? Seldom in all my life have I met such a determined person. （4）?????? Not only was there no electricity, but also no water. （5）?????? Not until he shouted at the top of his voice did she turn her head. ?(四)so 或neither, nor放在句首，表示前面说话的情况也适用于另一个人（物）即“也（也不），如此”，用倒装句。 （1）?????? She is busy doing her homework. So is her brother. （2）?????? You passed the exam. So did I. （3）?????? He doesn’t like shopping. Neither do i. （4）?????? He can’t speak any foreign language. Nor can? his father. （5）?????? However hard it was raining they went on working. (六)only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首，用倒装句。 （1）? Only after three operations was she able to walk without sticks. （2）? Only then did we realize that the man was blind. （3）? Only by seizing every minute can we finish it on time. 如果only修饰主语时则不用倒装句。 ?（4）Only a few young men went to the theatre.
倒装句 一、选择填空:(37题,每题1分) 1.─You like singing and dancing. ─ . A.So do I B.So I do C.I do so D.do I so 2.Her mother is a warm-hearted old lady. . A.So my mother is B.So is my mother C.Is my mother so D.my mother so is 3.The fairy story "Snow White" is very interesing. . A.So it is B.So is it C.it is so D.is it so 4.You didn't go for an outing at the seashore. . A.Neither do I B.Neither did I C.I didn't neither D.Did neither I 5.Marx was born in Germany,and German was his native language. . A.So it was with Engels B.So was Engels C.So Engels was D.Was Engels so 6.─Look.There . ─Oh,there . A.comes the bus；comes it B.the bus comes；it comes C.comes the bus；it comes D.the bus comes；comes it 7.Not until sixteen to school. A.he was；did he go B.he was；he went C.was he；he did go D.was he；went he 8.Not until the next morning . A.did Mary come back B.Mary came back C.came Mary back D.came back Mary 9.Hardly when it began to rain. A.had he got home B.he had got home C.had got home he D.he home had got 10.No sooner than he fell asleep. A.his head had touched the pillow B.had his head touched the pillow C.touched the pillow his head had D.touched the pillow had his head 11.Little . A.did I think of it B.I thought of it C.did think I of it D.thought of it I 12.Seldom . A.LiLi her feelings showed B.did show LiLi her feelings C.LiLi showed her feelings D.did LiLi show her feelings 13.Never before in her life such beautiful and precious jewelry. A.he saw B.did he see C.has she seen D.she has seen 14.Many a time the chess competition. A.had taken he part in B.he taken part in had C.had he taken part in D.he had taken part in 15.So busy that he has no time to spare. A.he was B.was he C.he is D.is he 16. with a bunch of flowers in her hand. A.A girl in came B.Came in a girl C.In came a girl D.A girl came in 17.Out . A.from behind a tall tree ran a little boy B.from behind a tall tree a little boy ran C.ran a little boy from behind a tall tree D.a little boy ran from behind a tall tree 18.In the clear blue sky . A.does shine the bright moon. B.the bright moon does shine C.shines the bright moon D.the bright moon shines 19.Only in this way . A.we can well do it B.can we well do it c.we can do it well D.can we do it well 20.Only when he has finished his homework . A.is able to he play with his friends for a while B.he able to play with is his friends for a while C.is he able to play with his friends for a while D.he is able to play with his friends for a while 21. ,he continued his study. A.Late as it was B.As it was late C.Late although it was D.Although was it late 22.Next door to us . A.lives an old man,who is an overseas Chinese B.does an old man live,who is an overseas Chinese C.an old man lives who is an overseas Chinese D.an old man who is an overseas Chinese does live 23. as young as you,I would study hard. A.Was I B.Were I C.If I am D.If I was 24. so hard,they wouldn't have won such great success. A.Hasn't they trained B.If they hasn't train C.Hadn't they trained D.If they didn't train 25.Not a single word when he left. A.did speak he B.spoke he C.did he speak D.he spoke
26.─I don't think I can walk any further. ─ .Let's stop here for a rest." A.Neither am I B.Neither can I C.I think so D.I don't think so 27.Be quick! . A.The bus comes here B.The bus here comes C.Here the bus comes D.Here comes the bus 28.John's not been to London. . A.Ben isn't either B.Neither is Ben C.Nor Ben has D.Neither has Ben 29.The doctor asked Charlie to breathe deeply. . A.Charlie does so B.Charlie did so C.So does Charlie D.So did Charlie 30. ,he does not know the answer. A.As Mr Smith is a teacher B.As Mr Smith is teacher C.A teacher as Mr Smith is D.Teacher as Mr Smith is 31. so busy,I should go with you. A.Were I not B.Was I not C.If I am not D.I were not 32.In the front of the classroom . A.is the desk for the teacher B.has the desk of the teacther C.it is a desk for the teacher D.has it a desk of the teacher 33.On the top of the hill . A.does a temple stand B.a temple stands there C.stands a temple D.a temple stands 34.Not only but also she likes singing. A.she likes painting B.does she like painting C.likes painting she D.she does like painting 35.Now . A.comes your turn B.does your turn come C.your turn comes D.your turn does come 36. happy. A.You may be B.May you be C.Be you may D.May be you 37.The students have learned a lot from the workers and . A.so the teachers have B.have the teachers so C.so have the teachers D.have so the teachers 二、选择翻译正确的句子(10题,每题3分) 1.直到天黑了那些孩子们才意识到太晚回不了家了。 A.Not until dark did the boys realize it was too late to return home. B.Not until dark the boys realized it was too late to return home. C.Until dark the boys realized it was too late to return home. 2.直到她摘下了墨镜,我才看出来她是著名影星。 A.It was not until did she take off her dark glasses that did I realize she was a famous film star. B.It was not until she took off her dark glasses that did I realize she was a famous film star. C.Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. 3.我刚合上眼,电话铃就响了。 A.Hardly had I closed my eyes than the phone rang. B.No sooner I had closed my eyes than the phone rang. C.No sooner had I closed my eyes than the phone rang. 4.虽然她是一个妇女,但她能做那件事。 A.A woman as she is,she is able to do that. B.Woman as she is,she is able to do that. C.As she is a woman,she is able to do that. 5.他虽然努力了,但考试未能及格。 A.As he tried hard,he did not pass the examination. B.Hard although he tried,he did not pass the examination. C.Hard as he tried,he did not pass the examination. 6.我不但去过杭州市,而且我在那儿度过了我的童年。 A.Not only have I been to the city of Hangzhou,but(also) I spent my childhood there. B.Not only I have been to the city of Hangzhou,but(also) did I spend my childhood there. C.Not only I have been to the city of Hangzhou,but(also) I spent my childhood there. 7.只有下课了,他才能和他的朋友们一起踢足球。 A.Only when the class was over was he able to play football with his friends. B.Only when the class was over he was able to play football with his friends. C.Only when was the class over he was able to play football with his friends. 8.他是一个美国人,不会说汉语.他的妻子也是美国人,她也不会说汉语。 A.He is American and he can't speak Chinese.So is his wife. B.He is American and he can't speak Chinese.So it is with his wife. C.He is American and he can't speak Chinese Neither can his wife. 9.“你喜欢唱歌。” “我确实喜欢。” A.“You like singing.” “So I do.” B.“You like singing.” “So do I.” C.“You like singing.” “I do so.” 10.只有他会说日语。 A.Only he can speak Japanese. B.Only can he speak Japanese. C.Only can speak he Japanese. 三、汉译英(用倒装句)(11题,每题3分) 1.你知道怎样使用计算机吗? 2.你为什么学英语? 3.昨天有多少学生去参观展览会? 4.颐和园是多么美丽的公园啊! 5.我永远忘不了我入团的那一天。 6.光传播得如此之快,以致我们难以想象它的速度。 7.好几次我见过这种表达法。(expression) 8.只有不断地练习,我们才能学好英语口语。 9.虽然这个问题很复杂。(complicated)但是用计算机只要五秒钟就能解决。 10.如果没有计算机,就不会有人造卫星和火箭。 11.我没有去过那儿.他也没去过。
倒装句 1.?Look! __________. A. Here your teacher comes?B. Comes here your sister C. Your teacher comes here?D. Here comes your teacher 2.?Only when you have finished your homework __________ go home. A. can you?B. would you?C. you will?D. you can 3.?Seldom __________ any mistakes during my past few years of working here. A. would I make?B. did I make?C. I did make?D. shall I make 4.?Not only was she working hard,__________ . A. how beautiful she was?B. was she helpful C. but also she was polite?D. what a beautiful girl 5.?__________ we shall go on a picnic. A. The weather is fine? ?B. Should weather be fine C. The weather be fine?D. Would weather be fine 6.?__________, she was already a lawyer. A. How young was she?B. As she was young? C. Young as she was?D. Young though she was 7.?He is a good student, and works very hard, __________. A. so it is with her?B. so does she?C. so is she?D. neither does she 8.?__________ are the days when teachers were looked down upon. A. Gone?B. Go?C. To go ?D. Going 9.?Many a time __________ swimming alone. A. the boy went?B. went the boy?C. did the boy go?D. did go the boy 10.?Then __________ the Civil War. A. did follow?B. followed?C. does follow?D. following 11.?__________ rich and strong! A. Our country may go ?B. May your country go C. Your country goes?D. Does Your country go 12.?__________ this way or that way? A. Did I go ?B. Shall I go ?C. I shill go?D. I should go 13.?“ Is there anything I can do for you? ”, __________. A. Mrs. Brown said?B. Did Mrs. Brown ask?C. Mrs. Brown did ask?D. asked Mrs. Brown 14.?__________, my son. A. Do not you be nervous?B. You do not be nervous C. Not you be nervous??D. You not be nervous 15.?__________ on the shelf! A. Two bottles are there??B. There are two bottles C. Are there two bottles??D. Two bottles there are
高二必修5?Unit?4?Making?the?news词汇扩展
Unit 4 词汇拓展
1.?opccupation?????????????? n. 居住、占用；职业 occupational????????????????? adj 与职业有关的 occupier??????????????? n. 居住者, 房客, 占领者 occupy?????????? vt.? 占, 占用, 占领, 占据
2．Reporter??????????? n. 记者, 新闻通讯员 =journalist?????????????? n. 新闻记者, 从事新闻杂志业的人
3．Profession???????????? n. 职业, 专业, professional?????????????? adj. 专业的、职业的/ n.专业人员 习惯用语：allied health professional? 保健辅助人员
4．Photograph???????????????????? n. 照片/ vt. 给……照相 Photographer????????????? n. 摄影师
5． Eager???????? adj. 渴望的；热切的 eagerness??????????? n. 热心
6. concentrate??????????????? v. 集中；聚集 concentration?????????????????? n. 集中；集合 concentration camp? n. 集中营 concentrate on 集中；全神贯注于 例句：1）How can you concentrate on your work with so much noise going on? ????????? 你怎能在这样吵的环境下集中精神工作呢？ 2）I tried to concentrate my thoughts on the probkem. ??? 我努力让自己的思绪集中在这个问题上面。 =Attentively 注意地, 留意地 = pay attention to 注意
7．Course??????? n. 过程, 经过, 进程, 方针, 路线, 跑道, 课程, 一道菜 a course in/on sth? 课程 a course of sth 疗程
8．Acquire?????????? vt. 获得；取得；学到 acquisition?????????????? n. 获得；获得物
9．Meanwhile?????????????????????????? n. 其间, 其时 =meantime
10. accuse?????????? vt. 控告, 谴责, accuse … of … 因某事指责或控告某人 例句：1）I accused her of cheating.??? 我指责她作弊。 2）He was accused of murder and sent for trial. 他被控告谋杀并已送交审判。 Accusation????????????????? n. 指责；控告；谴责
11. deliberately??????????????? adv. 故意地 = on purpose
12. so as to（do sth） 为了做某事/以便作某事 =in order to do sth 例句：We went early so as to get good seats. 我们提早去了，以便占到好位置。
13. bribe???????? vt. 向...行贿/n. 贿赂 bribery???????????? n. 行贿, 受贿, 贿赂
14. guilty????????? adj. 犯罪的, 有罪的, 心虚的 guilt??????? n. 罪行, 内疚
15.imaginative??????????????? adj. 想象的, 虚构的 image n. 图象, 肖像, 偶像, 形象化的比喻, 极为相象, 映像, 典型 imagine vt. 想象, 设想
16. technical???????????? adj. 技术的, 技术上的, 技巧方面的 technic?????????? n. 技术, 手法 technica??????????? n. 技术性细节,技术,技巧,技能 technically adv. 技术上, 学术上, 工艺上
17. defend?????????? vt. 防护, 辩护, 防卫, defence n. 防卫, 防卫设备 defend against防卫...以免于
18. crime???????? n. 犯罪, 犯罪行为, 罪行, 罪恶 criminal??????????? n. 罪犯, 犯罪者/adj. 犯罪的, 犯法的, 罪恶的 criminally adv. 刑法上, 犯了罪地
19. edition?????????? n. 版本, 版 edit???????? vt. 编辑, 校订, 剪辑/n. 编辑工作 editor????????? n. 编辑, 编辑器, 编者
20.employ?????????? vt. 雇用, 用, 使用 employer??????????? n. 雇主, 老板 employee?????????????????????? n. 职工, 雇员, 店员 employment n. 雇用, 使用, 利用, 工作, 职业
21. polish????????? vt. 擦亮, 发亮, 磨光, 推敲 Polish?????????? adj. 波兰(Poland)的
22.chief???????? n. 首领, 领袖, 酋长, 长官,/adj. 主要的, 首要的, 首席的, 主任的 Chief Executive Officer 执行总裁，首席执行官
23. intention???????????? n. 意图, 目的 intent n. 意图, 目的, 意向/adj. 专心的, 决心的, 热心的 intentional adj. 有意图的, 故意的
高二必修5?Unit?4?Making?the?news词汇解析
Unit 4 词汇讲解1
1. occupation? n 1). Teaching is my occupation. 职业 2). Swimming is my occupation. 使…忙碌的事情;消遣 occupy? v. occupied=busy occupy oneself in/with sth.
employment; occupation; job; profession; vocation; work; trade
2.? assign? v. assignment n. She gladly accepted the assignment.? (分派的任务;工作) The English assignment is a book report. (课外作业，功课)
3.? on one’s own of one’s own for one’s own We should complete the test _________ 4.? experienced? adj. be experienced in/at? sth/doing sth. Who is experienced in cooking in your home?
5.? The first/last time + 时间状语从句 The first time I came here, I was not used to the climate here. Cover? n.? 封面,掩盖(物) ； ? v. 1). Tom will covered the outbreak of the disease.?? 2). The road was covered with snow.??????????????????????????????????????? 3). She laughed to cover her worry. 4). The red army covered about 30 miles a day. 5). Is the money enough to cover the cost of a new shirt?
7.? Be eager??? for sth. (sucess) ????????????? to do sth. ????????????? that clause He is eager to see his daughter. We are eager that the project should be started early be anxious about =be worried about
8.? Concentrate on? sth./doing sth. We should concentrate on our study. Tom is concentrating on fishing.
9.? of +抽象名词(importance; value; use; help; benefit) of special interest=??????????????? of no use=????????????????? The meeting is of great importance. =?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Each minute is _____ for us. of greatly valuable great valuable of great value for much value
10.? acquire; get; gain 1). I sat in the front of the bus to ___? _? a good view of the countryside. 2). Gradually we _______ experience in how to do the work. 3). They _____the victory after a bloody battle.
11.? have a nose for 嗅觉灵敏 She has an ear for music. 有鉴赏能力 She has an eye for color and style in clothes. 有眼光
12.? Meanwhile=in the meanwhile ??????????????? =in the meantime ??????????????? =at the same time Mother went shopping; meanwhile, I cleaned the house
13.? trade?? n.? v. 1). Japan does lots of trade with the United States. 2). He is a shoemaker by trade. 3). She trades 3 apples for some bananas.
14. Trick 1). 窍门，手法 2). play a trick(joke)on sb. =make fun of sb. (玩笑,恶作剧) 3). He got into the building by a trick (诡计,花招)
15. Challenge 1).He challenge my view on that matter. 2).To finish the job in 2 days was a real challenge.
16. Support?? ?n.? 1).I need your support. ?v.? 1)为…提供证据,证实 2)?The old man entered the room supported by his grandson. 3). He has always supported the weaker party. 4). He has a large family to support. 17. Case 1).He thought he had solved the problem , but that was not the case. 2).Here is a case of being careless. 3).We will look into that case. in case of sth. 如果,万一… in that/this case 在那样/这样情况下 in no case 决不 in case + 从句???? 以防;可能；倘若 Take an umbrella in case it rains.? (in case 从句常用一般现在时表将来, 或should+do)
17. accuse sb. of sth.? =charge sb. with sth. Tom ____? his boss of having broken his word. ?blamed ?accused ?charged ?scolded
18.? so as to do sth. 只能在句末 = in order to do sth. =so that + 从句? = in order that + 从句 I got up at five so as to catch the train =??????????????????????
19. admit admit doing /having done admit sb. Into/to (the university) Lily finally admitted___ my umbrella by mistake. ?to take ?to have taken ?having taken ?have taken
20. n.????? adj. profession???? professional?? 具有….特点 21. Accurate? 准确，精确 1)? Is this watch accurate? 2)?His information was accurate
22.? set to sth./doing sth.? 开始做某事 =get down to sth./doing sth 1). As soon as I got home, I set to preparing supper. 2). They’ll set to the project, as soon as it is approved.? ※? Look forward to…, devote… to…, be/get used to…, lead to…, prefer…to…, pay attention to…, object to…
23.? approve vi.?? (approval? n.) approve of sth./doing sth. =agree to/on/with 1).Your parents won’t approve of your going there. = agree on 2).I cannot agree to this plan. =approval of
24.? process? v. 加工,处理 1)?The street is in the process of repair 2). They are using a new process to make glass. process food?? adj. 加工过的,处理的
高二必修5?Unit?4?Making?the?news语法详解-倒装
1. 倒装句之全部倒装
全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和 一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. 2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman. 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here he comes. Away they went. ? 1. 倒装句之全部倒装 ? 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和 一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter.
2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman.
注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here he comes. Away they went. ? 2. 倒装句之部分倒装 ? 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
1) 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。 Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。
注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。 I have never seen such a performance. The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.
典型例题
1) Why can't I smoke here? At no time___ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit 答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.
2） Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is. A. man did know B. man know C. didn't man know D. did man know 答案D. 看到Not until…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。 改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。
3. 以否定词开头作部分倒装 ? 如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.
典型例题 No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 答案D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no sooner…than, hardly… when scarcely… when 等等。
注意：只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。 Not only you but also I am fond of music. ? 4. so, neither, nor作部分倒装 ? 表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒装。 Tom can speak French. So can Jack. If you won't go, neither will I.
典型例题 ---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? ---I don't know, _____. A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also 答案：B. nor为增补意思"也不关心"，因此句子应倒装。A错在用 don't 再次否定， C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。 D缺乏连词。
注意： 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。 Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. ---It's raining hard. ---So it is.
5. only在句首要倒装的情况 ? Only in this way, can you learn English well. Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装 Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed. ? 6. as, though 引导的倒装句 ? as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 （形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。
注意： 1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。 2) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语, 随实义动词一起放在主语之前。 Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
注意: 让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。 ? 7. 其他部分倒装 ? 1) so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。 So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.
2) 在某些表示祝愿的句型中： May you all be happy.
3) 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。 Were I you, I would try it again.
典型例题： 1） Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is A. man did know B. man knew C. didn't man know D. did man know 答案为D. 否定词Not在句首，要求用部分倒装的句子结构。
2） Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted. A. didn't I realize B. did I realize C. I didn't realize D. I realize 答案为B。
3) Do you know Tom bought a new car? I don't know, ___. A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also 解析：答案为B. 句中的nor引出部分倒装结构，表示"也不"。由 so, neither, nor引导的倒装句，表示前一情况的重复出现。其中, so用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。
高二必修5?Unit?4?Making?the?news重点词汇详解（Making the News）
1.eager(keen, anxious)?? adj. 热切的；渴望的(after, about, for) The boy was eager for success. 男孩子急于获得成功。 He is eager for his parents to meet his girlfriends. 他盼望他的父母去见他的女朋友。 The saleswoman in the shop is always eager to please everybody. "商店里的那个女售货员总是十分殷勤,希望使人人满意。" 【习惯用语】 be eager for 渴望, 渴求, 争取 ?? be eager about 渴望, 渴求, 争取 ? be eager after 渴望, 渴求, 争取 be eager to do 急欲, 渴望做 【参考词汇】 eager /keen /anxious 意思都含“渴望的”。 eager指“以巨大的热情渴望实现愿望或达到目的的”, 有时也指“由于其他感情影响而表现急不可耐的”, 如: He was eager to see her. 他渴望见到她。 keen 指“对某人、某物怀有极大兴趣或热情的”, 如: They were keen to win. 他们急于取胜。 anxious 指“热切地希望实现愿望,并因顾虑愿望落空而心情不安,感到焦虑的”, 如: l'm anxious to know the final result. 我急于想知道最后的结果。 eagerly? adv.?? eagerness? n.
2.work/task/ duty/job/responsibility 【参考词汇】 work 常指正式职业和职位的经常性、一般性工作，不含有“艰巨”、“沉重”等意思。是不可数名词。at work在工作 work hard at努力工作（或学习）；out of work失业。My work is as a doctor.我当医生（职业）。 task 一般指必须完成的“任务”, 是可数名词。如: Mother set me the task of sweeping the floor.母亲把扫地的任务 交给了我。task 往往含有“艰巨”、“沉重”等意思。而work 除另有修饰语外不含此种意思。 duty指“道义上的责任”, 较强调“自觉性”, 如: Every citizen has the duty to construct his country. 每个公民都有建设祖国的责任。 job指“活、事、一份工作”时是可数名词,多指为换取报酬而进行的日常活动，尤指作为某人的手艺、行业或职业的工作。可数。Washing the windows is not my job. 洗窗子不是我的事儿（任务）。习惯表达:? a good job一件好事lose one's job失业be out of a job失业?? do a good job干的不错 ???? It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours aday.修理自行车就是他的话，而且常常是一天要干14个小时。 responsibility 指“由于法律、职业或道德等的要求而应尽的责任”, 含有“法津上对后果负责任”的意味, 如: The resposibility rests on us. 这由我们负责。Do not forget your duty to your parents. 不要忘记对父母应尽的责任。
3.course? n. 过程；经过；进程 in the course of discussion 在讨论期间 道路；路线；方向 The ship was blown off course. 那船被吹离航线。 【习惯用语】 in course of? 在...的过程中???? in due course 在适当的时候；不久以后?? in the courts of在...期间??? during the course of 在...期间
4.meanwhile? adv. 此时? 同时 They'll be here soon. Meanwhile we'll have some coffee. 他们即刻就到，我们现在先喝点咖啡。 Meanwhile, my tongue was busy searching out the hole where the tooth had been. 与此同时,我的舌头忙于寻找被拔牙齿的伤口。 Meanwhile, two other actors had carried two large food baskets to a shady spot under some trees. 与此同时,另外两位演员把两个盛着食物的大篮子拿到树下荫凉的地方。 Jane was writing a letter and meanwhile Pat was watching T.V.. 简在写信，而在此同时帕特在看电视。
5.case? n.事；事例 This is a case of stupidity, not dishonesty. 这只是个愚蠢的例子,并非不诚实。 情形；场合；状况 'Well, in that case, I would prefer to stay on the bus,' I answered. `唉,那样的话,我宁愿留在车上啦,'我回答说。 a case of poverty 穷苦的情形 病症；病例 This is a case of fever. 这是一发烧的病例。 案件；诉讼 a difficult case to prove 一个很难办的案子 In this case I'm acting for my friend Mr Smith. 我在这次诉讼中代表我的朋友史密斯的利益。 The case against Mr. White is said to be heard tomorrow. 据说怀特先生被起诉一案定于明天开庭。 The case was settled out of court. 这案件在庭外解决。 事实；实情 The police have a clear case against the prisoner. 警察有充足的事实对付那个囚犯。 Is that the case? No, that's not the case. 事实是那样吗?不,事实并非如此。 【习惯用语】 in case假使,以防(引导虚拟语气) Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot. 倘若太阳很利害，你就把帽子戴上。 in case of假如；如果；万一 In case of rain they can't go. 万一下雨，他们就不能去了。 in any case无论如何,不管怎样 ?? in no case 决不；无论如何不??? in that case? 如果是那样的话 in this case 假如这样的话??? in the case of 就...来说, 关于
6.accuse? vt. accused, accusing 控告；指控 The police accused him of murder. 警方指控他谋杀。 ???The police accused him of stealing. 警方控告他犯有盗窃罪。 Mary was accused as an accomplice. 玛丽被指控为同谋犯。 ■accuse/charge 两个动词都有“控诉，指控”之意，但它们后面所搭配的介词不同。 accuse v.指控，控诉，与介词of连用。The police accused him of theft.警察指控他犯有盗窃罪。 charge v.可以指因为小错而受的责备，也指因违法而受到控告，与介词with连用。 The police charged him with murder.警察指控他犯了谋杀罪。 【常用搭配】in charge of 主管,看管???in(under)the charge of 在……的掌管下 charge sb.with 指控某人……… charge(sb.)…(money)for sth. 要价,要(某人)付….(钱)买某物 take charge 开始管理,接管
7.deny? vt.? denied, denying? 否认；否定；拒绝相信 He said that I had stolen his bicycle, but I denied it. 他说我偷了他的自行车，可是我否认了。 背弃；摒弃??? He denied his country. 他背弃了自己的国家。 拒绝；不给；不予；不允许?? He denies his wife nothing. 他对他的妻子有求必应。 【习惯用语】 deny oneself 自制；克己；舍弃 ●deny /decline /refuse /reject 都含“拒绝”的意思。 ▲deny指“坚定地否认某事为真实的”,如: He denied the charge. 他否认了控告。 deny doing(否认做过某事)；deny sb. sth(拒绝给某人某物)。Deny+that从句 ▲decline 指“较正式地、有礼貌地谢绝”,如: He declined our invitation to dinner.他婉拒了我们请他吃饭的邀请。主要用于拒绝有关社交活动的邀请或要求帮助的请求，后接名词或动词不定式，主语只能是人。I invited her to join us, but she declined.我邀请她和我们在一起，可是她婉言谢绝了。 ▲refuse 系普通用语,指“坚决、果断或坦率地(不友善地)拒绝”, 如: He refused to take the money. 他拒绝接受此款。 ▲reject指“以否定、敌对的态度而当面拒绝”(指通过抛弃或送走、专横地拒绝), 主语可以是人或物，后接名词，不能接动词不定式。如: They rejected damaged goods. 他们拒收损坏的货物。He asked her to go to the movies three times, and each time she rejected him.他三次约她去看电影，但每一次都被拒绝。
8.defend? vt. 保卫；防护；防守 She had to defend herself against the guard dog. 她不得不防备看门狗咬她。 辩护；辩解 ；守卫；防御 He's better at defending than attacking. 他的防守优于进攻。 The accused man had a lawyer to defend him. 被告有一律师为他辩护。 【习惯用语】 defend against 保卫; 抵抗????? defend from 保护, 保卫(使不受伤害) 【参考词汇】 defend /guard /protect /preserve 都含“保护”、“使安全”的意思。 defend指“保卫”、“防御”, 应用范围很广, 对象可以是具体的, 也可以是抽象的, 用于defend sb. against / from harm结构。如: defend oneself against enemy 防御敌人。 guard 指“注意观察、戒备, 以免受可能的攻击或伤害”, 如: guard a coastline 守卫海岸线。 protect 指“保护...以免遭受危险或伤害等”, 常用protect sb. from sth./against sth.的结构。如: protect the children from harm 保护儿童免受伤害。? preserve 指“防护、保存...免被分解或腐烂”, 如: Salt preserves food from decay. 盐能防止食物腐烂。 secure指确保不会发生意外等如secure oneself against/from danger使自己免于危险。 By strengthening the river banks, the city secured itself against flood. 由于加强了河堤, 该城可确保免受水灾。
9.normal adj. 正常的；常态的；一般的????????????????? The normal price of a ticket if $230! 一张票的正常价格是230英镑。?? above [below] normal 标准以上[下]?? return to normal 恢复正常 The rain raised the river two meters above normal. 雨水使得这条河水位超出标准两米。 智力正常的；身心健全的 a normal child 【参考词汇】 ■normal /ordinary /regular 都含“正常的”、“正规的” 、“普通的”的意思。 normal指“正常的”、“正规的”、“常态的”, 如: the normal temperature of the human body 人的正常体温。 ordinary强调“平常的”、“平淡无奇的”， 常指人或事物不特殊。 如：His ordinary supper consists of only bread and milk. 他通常的晚餐不过是面包和牛奶。an ordinary day's work 日常工作。 regular 指“有规律的”、“正规的”、“定期的”, 如: He kept regular hours. 他过着有规律的生活。 common强调“常见的”、“ 不足为奇的”， 如：Colds are common in winter.感冒在冬天很常见。common knowledge/sense 常识 general意为“普遍的”、“一般的”， 如：This book is intended for the general reader, not for the specialist. 这本书是为一般读者写的， 不是为专家写的。
10.注意几个表否定的副词 ▲seldom?? adv. 不常，很少 The children are seldom ill. 这些孩子很少生病。Opportunity seldom knocks twice.机不可失，时不再来。 ▲barely? adv. 贫乏地;刚刚 They had barely time to catch the plane. 他们差点没来得及赶上飞机。 The committee had barely entered into the matter when he felt dizzy. 委员会刚开始讨论此事,他就感到头晕了。 He had barely enough money to buy food. 他仅有刚够买食物的钱。 ▲hardly adv. 几乎不；简直不 This is hardly the time to discuss such matters. 在现在讨论这事根本不合适。 It was so dark that I could hardly see. 天那么黑，我简直看不见了。 I can hardly ask him directly for more money. 我绝不能直接向他多要钱。 He hardly ever eats meat. 他从来不吃肉。 Peter is hardly ever late. 玛丽几乎从不迟到。 【习惯用语】 hardly any 几乎没有??? hardly ever 很少 ▲scarcely? adv. 不足地，不充分地， 几乎没有 There is scarcely enough food. 几乎没有足够的食物。 There was scarcely anything mentioned about that contract. 关于那份合同几乎什么也没提到。 ?…scarcely ….when/before…刚…一...就... (=…hardly…when…= …no sooner…than….) ▲narrowly adv. 仅仅；勉强； 恰好 One car narrowly missed hitting the other one. 一辆车差点儿和另一辆相撞。 The boy narrowly escaped being drowned. 那个男孩差一点被淹死。 ▲nearly? adv. 几乎，差不多 The job's nearly finished. 这工作差不多完成了。?? She nearly died. 她差点儿死了。 Nearly everybody enters for 'The Nicest Garden Competition' each year, but Joe wins every time. 几乎每个人都参加一年一度'最佳花园赛',但乔每次都夺魁。 I looked down and nearly fell off the ladder when I saw a policeman. 我朝下一望看到一个警察时,差上点从梯子上掉下来 ▲rarely adv. 难得，很少 She is old and rarely goes out. 她年纪大了，很少外出。 He rarely comes here anymore. 现在他难得来这儿。 Big Ben has rarely gone wrong. `大本钟'很少出差错。 Peter is rarely / seldom late. 彼得不常迟到。;彼得很少迟到。
11.accurate?? adj. 准确的；精确的?? accurately? adv.?? accurateness? n. an accurate answer 准确的答案??????????????? Is this watch accurate? 这只表准吗? 【参考词汇】 accurate /correct /exact 均含“正确的”意思。 accurate 表示“准确的”,精确的”,指“通过努力, 使事情达到正确”, 指某人或某事不仅不出错，而且与事实无出入，强调准确性 如: She gave an accurate account of the accident. 她对事故做了准确的描述。 correct 为一般用语, 指“正确的”, 指某人或某事合乎事实或公认的标准或规则，没有错误 ?如: He gave correct answers to the questions. 他对这些问题提出了正确的答案。?? correct vt. 改正；纠正 Please correct this mistake. 请改正这个错误。 exact 表示“确切的”,“精确无误的”,指“与事实完全相符”, 语气较accurate强,指某人或某事数量或质量完全符合事实或标准,而且在细致末节上也丝毫不差。如: His answer is quite exact. 他的回答完全正确。 The exact date of the event has escaped me. 我记不起这起事件的确切日期了。 proper含有生来就具备适宜性质的含义，还表示某物具有它应当具备的性质。如：do sth. the proper way 以适当的方式做某事 Appropriate“正确的；适当的”，指适合于特殊的人及场合，地位等。强调自然具备适宜的性质。如： an appropriate example 适当的例子 fit意为某人或某物在目的上用途上适合。如：Your clothes fit well. 你的衣服很合身。 The trousers don't fit him, they are too small. 这条裤子他穿不合身，太小了。 This coat's a beautiful fit to you. 这件外衣对你非常合身。He runs to keep fit. 他跑步为了保持健康。 suitable意味着适合某种情况。如：This toy is not suitable for young children. 这个玩具不适合小小孩玩。 This wine is not suitable to my taste. 这酒不合我的胃口。
12.approve? vt., vi.?? Approved—approving 批准；认可；通过?? [反意词disapprove] approve 属常用词, 表示“官方或正式批准”, 用于上级对下级, 长辈对晚辈, 如: My father approved my going to the border regions. 我父亲同意我去边区。 My parents don't approve of me smoking cigarettes. 我的父母不准许我吸烟。 The resolution was approved 82 to 16 with 18 abstentions. 决议以八十二票对十六票通过,十八票弃权。 The mayoress approved the new building plans. 女市长批准了新建筑计划。 （常与of连用）赞成，赞同 I don't approve of wasting time. 我不赞成浪费时间。 I don't approve of smoking. 我不赞成抽烟。 ???? Her father will never approve of her marriage to you. 他父亲永远不会同意她和你结婚。
13.process? n. （大自然的）作用，活动 the process of breathing 呼吸作用 步骤 the process of learning to read 学习阅读的步骤 The firm is now in the process of moving the main equipment to a new place. 公司目前正在把主要设备迁到新地址去。 过程 the process of digestion vt. 加工（食品等）;冲洗 One has to process a photographic film to print pictures from it. 必须先处理照相底片才能冲印出相片。 〈计〉处理 ;小心准备；仔细检查 The plans are now being processed. 计划现正在审查。
14.intention n. 计划；目的 I began reading with the intention of finishing the book, but I never did. 我开始读这本书时想读完它，可是我从来就没把它读完。 He has no intention of marrying yet. 他还没有要结婚的打算。 What is your intention? 你的意图究竟是什么? 【习惯用语】 by intention 故意 have no intention of doing ... 无意做... the intention of a clause 条款的意旨 with the intention of 抱有...目的, 打算 with the best of intentions 好心好意, 出于一片好心 without intention 无意中, 不是故意地.如：If I've hurt your feelings, it was quite without intention. 如果我伤了你的感情那完全是无意的。
15.ahead of? adv., adj. 在前；向前；提前 Walk straight ahead until you reach the river. 一直朝前走到河边。 The road ahead was full of cattle. 前面的路上挤满了牛群。 Owing to our joint efforts, the task was fulfilled ahead of time. 由于我们的共同努力，任务提前完成了。 【习惯用语】 be ahead [美口]占优势, 可望取胜; 赢钱, 赚钱????? ahead of 在...前头; 早于; 超过。如：ahead of time [schedule] 提前 Go ahead! 前进, 有进展; 继续干下去
16.employ? vt. Employed—employing 雇用；使用 The firm employs about 100 men. 这家公司大约雇了100人。 This motor plant is employing three thousand workers. 这家汽车工厂雇用着三千员工。 The firm employs the retired professor as an adviser. 这家公司聘这们退休的教授担任顾问。 She employs her time wisely. 她善于利用时间。 【习惯用语】 in the employ of 被…雇用。如：I have been for over five years in the employ of an exporting company. 本人曾经前后五年被受雇于出口贸易公司。 in sb.'s employ 受...雇用。如：The company should aid those in its employ in everything.. out of employ 失业。如：Because of the typhoon “Saomai (桑美)”, many of the workers are out of employ. employ oneself in 从事于, 时间花在... He employed himself (in) teaching English. 他从事英语教学工作。 employ oneself on 从事于, 时间花在... employ oneself doing 从事于, 时间花在... employ... as 把...用作。如：He employed the girl as a typist.他雇用那位小姐当打字员。 Employ English as a common language.把英语当作共同语言使用。 ▲hire /employ/rent hire解作“雇用”时与employ同义，但用法稍有不同。hire是一般用法，指普通的雇用，可用于人或物，如：hire a servant、hire Whe hire a taxi downtown． 我们乘计程汽车入市区。 employ是较正式的用语，一般指大公司聘用职员，如 employ a teacher、employ a clerk、employ a manager等。 rent只可用于物件（尤其建筑物类），如： The holiday-makers rented a jeep for their journey． 那些度假人士租用一辆吉普车去旅行。 Unable to afford a flat，the newly－weds have to rent a room． 那对新婚夫妇因买不起一套房子而只好租住一个房间。
17.cover vt. （常与with连用）盖；覆盖 She covered the table with a cloth. 她用一块布把桌子罩起来。??? be covered with snow all the year round 终年积雪 占（时间或空间） The town covers 5 square miles. 小镇占地5平方英里。 行过（路程）；通过 I want to cover 100 miles by dark. 我想在天黑之前走完100英里。 报导；对…进行新闻采访 cover a fire for a newspaper 为报纸采访失火的新闻 包括；包含；论及 The review covered everything we learned last term. 这次复习包括上学期我们所学的全部课程。His studies covered a wide field. 他的知识渊博。 【习惯用语】 be covered with 盖满，覆满 充满（羞惭，慌乱等），不胜... from cover to cover 从头到尾一页不漏 under the cover of 在...掩 护下; 打着...的幌子 cover up 完全盖住， 盖好 cover n. 遮盖物? 盖子；罩子 （图书、杂志的）封面?? The book had a blue cover. 这本书有一个蓝色的封面。
