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●Word power
Step 1: Brainstorming
In this section we’ll learn the words and idioms used to describe emotions and feelings. Now I’d
like you to answer the following questions:
What words do you know can express happiness
Apart from happiness, what other types of emotions do you know
Can you think of some words that can express these kinds of feelings
(love joy excitement hate fear jealousy delight surprise astonishment frustration depression contentment satisfaction concern worry fury curiosity )
Step 2: Vocabulary learning
1. Read the instructions on page 22 and study the examples listed in the table.
2. Write the adjective forms of other nouns related to emotion.
Reference
Nouns Adjectives
astonishment astonished
delight delighted
fury furious
curiosity curious
satisfaction satisfied
depression depressed
amazement amazed
disappointmemt disappointed
Step 3: Practice
1. Let’s focus on Part A. Circle the right word according to each different situation.
2. Do the exercise in Part B.
Step 4: Competition
How many emotional words do you know Now I’ll divide you into several groups. You’ll have a competition to see which group has the most words. In the end you need to group emotional words into three different categories: happiness, sadness and anger.
· Words describing happiness:
Noun forms: joy, happiness, delight
Adjective forms: joyful, happy, delighted
---1---
· Words describing sadness:
Noun forms: sadness, depression
Adjective forms: sad, depressed
· Words describing anger:
Noun forms: anger, fury
Adjective forms: angry, furious
Step 5: Vocabulary extension
1. Choose the correct word to complete each sentence.
① I'm not_____(satisfied, satisfaction) with what I've done. I can't get_____ (satisfied, satisfaction) from it. (satisfied; satisfaction)
② I was _____ (amazed, amazement) by the change in his appearance. All of us looked at him in_____ (amazed, amazement). (amazed; amazement)
③ The boy is _____ (curious, curiosity) about everything. His burning_____ (curious, curiosity) inspires him to learn more. (curious; curiosity)
2. Do part C. In the English language, there are some idioms about emotions. Guess their meanings.
3. Reading comprehension
There are some very good things about open education. This way of teaching allows the students to grow as people, and to develop their own interests in many subjects. Open education allows students to be responsible for their own education, as they are responsible for what they do in life. Some students do badly in a traditional classroom. The open classroom may allow them to enjoy learning. Some students will be happier in an open education school. They will not have to worry about grades or rules.
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For students who worry about these things a lot, it is a good idea to be in an open classroom.
But many students will not do well in an open classroom. For some students, there are too few rules. These students will do little in school. They will not make good use of open education. Because open education is so different from traditional education, these students may have a problem getting used to making so many choices. For many students it is important to have some rules in the classroom. They worry about the rules even when there are no rules. Even a few rules will help this kind of students. The last point about open education is that some traditional teachers do not like it. Many teachers do not believe in open education. Teachers who want to have an open classroom may have many problems at their schools.
You now know what open education is. Some of its good points and bad points have been explained. You may have your own opinion about open education. The writer thinks that open education is a good idea, but only in theory. In actual fact, it may not work very well in a real class or school. The writer believes that most students, but of course not all students, want some structure in their classes. They want and need to have rules. In some cases, they must be made to study some subjects. Many students are pleased to find subjects they have to study interesting. They would not study those subjects if they did not have to.
1. Open education allows the students to ___________ .
A. grow as the educated B．be responsible for their future
C. develop their own interests D．discover subjects outside class
2. Open education may be a good idea for the students who__________.
A．enjoy learning B．worry about grades
C．do well in a traditional classroom D．are responsible for what they do in life.
3. Some students will do little in an open classroom because_________ .
A．there are too few rules B．they hate activities
C．open education is similar to the traditional education D．they worry about the rules
4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage
A．Some traditional teachers do not like it.
B．Many teachers do not believe in open education.
C．Teachers may have problems in open classrooms.
D．The teacher’s feelings and attitudes are important to the students.
5. Which of the following best summarizes the passage
A．Open education is a really complex idea.
B．Open education is better than traditional education.
C．Teachers dislike open education.
D．The writer thinks that open education is a good idea in practice.
Answers 1—5 CBADA
Step 6: Homework
1. Part C on page 114 in the Workbook.
2. Prepare Grammar and usage.
Language points
1. Expanding the number of words in your vocabulary related to emotion can help you to express exactly how you feel. (P22) 扩大你有关情感的词汇量有助于你确切的表达你的情感。
1) expand
vi.&vt. to increase in size, number or importance, or to make sth. increase in this way:
The air in the balloon expands when heated.
They expanded their retail operations significantly during the 1980s.
2) related
adj. connected:
We discussed unemployment and related issues.
Experts believe that the large number of cancer cases in the area are directly related to the new nuclear power station.
2. All of these words have adjective forms as well. (P22) 所有这些词也有形容词形式。
as well
also 也，还，和
If you have no pen,a pencil will do as well.
It is just as well to be careful.
I'll take this one as well.
Yvonne is learning French and English as well.
as well as
1) and also 和
He has experience as well as knowledge.
She's clever as well as beautiful.
He has experience as well as knowledge.
Scott has a flat in London as well as a house in Edinburgh.
2) in as good a way as 同样；同样好地
I, as well as you, know that.
He said he could sing as well as the birds.
He can speak English as well as you do.
相关高考试题Unlike watching TV, reading is a highly active process (过程)________ it requires attention as well as memory and imagination. (2005江苏) A. until B. but C. unless D. for
答案及解析: 选D。此句意为，“跟看电视不一样，阅读是一个高度活跃的过程，它不仅需要注意力，还需要记忆力和想象力”。
---4---
Answers 1 angry 2 angrier 3 content 4 contentment
5 frustration 6 frustrated 7 frightened 8 fright
9 concerned 10 concern 11 jealous 12 jealousy
Answers 1 excitement 2 afraid 3 frightened 4 frustration 5 jealousy
6 angry 7 sad 8 happy 9 concerned 10 content
Over the moon
Hot under the collar
happy
angry
emotions
On cloud nine
fly off the handle
sad
down in the dumps
feel blue
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●Reading The search for happiness
Step 1: Lead-in
Let’s enjoy a video. It can make us feel very happy and in good mood. And we can see most ordinary healthy people around us live a happy, meaningful and colourful life. We work and live with smiles every day. But how do you know disabled people stay happy in their life Today we are going to talk about a special girl named Sang Lan, who used to be a successful gymnast. What do you know about this girl
1. Different people find happiness and fun in different things. There are certainly no criteria assessing which way of being happy is the best. Do you think Sang Lan had had a happy life before she was injured
Do you think Sang Lan has a happy life now
What would you do if you had the same problem
2. Suppose you had a chance to talk face to face with Sang Lan, what would you like most to ask her about
The following are suggested answers:
--- childhood and school education
--- things or experiences that had left her the deepest impression before the accident
--- reasons for learning gymnastics
--- things that encourage her during hard times
--- current physical condition
--- expectations for future
--- future career plans
--- attitudes towards life, success and failure
Step 2: Fast reading for general ideas
The reading text is an interview from a TV programme about happiness. Dr Brain, a psychologist who studies happiness, is interviewed in a television talk show and tells a story about a brave girl called Sang Lan.
---1---
Go through the passage quickly to find answers to the three questions in Part A.
Answers1. Happiness2. Dr Brain.3. In Ningbo, China in 1981.
Step 3: Careful-reading for detailed information
1. Read the passage again and complete Part C1. Questions in Part C1 are to check your reading comprehension by making correct judgments of the statements.
2. Listen to the tape and complete C2. Questions in Part C2 are for students to note some specific information according to the time sequence.
AnswersC1 1 F 2 T 3 F 4 F 5 T 6 F 7 T 8 F C2 2 b 3 f 4 e 5 a 6 d
3. Ask students to describe Sang Lan's personality.
1. More relevant information in the interview which shows Sang Lan’s personality
Before going to hospital
· being successful in her sport when she was young
· being described as energetic, happy and hard-working
· working towards something special
· trying to make her parents proud
While staying in hospital
·being in good spirits
·thinking about what she could do to get better
·being proud of the things she had accomplished
·feeling happy to be alive, and lucky to have the rest of her life to learn new things
---2---
After leaving hospital
·studying journalism at Beijing University
·hosting a sports show about the 2008 Beijing Olympics
·looking forward to playing table tennis in the special Olympics for disabled people in 2008
·thinking about positive things and staying optimistic
·believing that keeping busy helps her stay positive
Step 4: Practice
1. Complete Part D
Find these words and expressions in the interview. Guess their meanings from the context. Then match them with the correct definitions.
2. Complete Part E
Read this newspaper article about Sang Lan. Complete it with the words below.
3. Let’s read the Reading strategy on page 19. Do you know what an interview means An interview is a formal meeting at which one person asks another person a series of questions on a topic. When reading or watching an interview, you should pay attention to the topic, the opinions related to the topic, the questions asked and the answers to the questions.
Step 5: Post-reading activities
1. Think about the following questions again.
What is happiness
What is the real value of being alive
Does being healthy and wealthy mean happiness
Does being respected and well-liked mean happiness
2. Have a debate. The topic is “Sang Lan was happier before the accident than she is now.”
3. Go over Part F in pairs and continue the dialogue after the example.
---3---
Step 6: Language Points
Vocabulary Words injure, struggle, disability, psychologist, gymnast, tournament , dedicated, energetic, specialist, severe, injury, hopeless, overcome, accomplish, journalism, positive, admirable, rebuild, unbearable, disabled, optimistic
useful expressions in hospital, devote …to…, apart from, cheer up, in good spirits, rush sb. to, be proud of, stay positive
sentence patterns In case some of our viewers don’t know her story, can you tell us a little bit about Sang Lan and who she is While she was injured and in hospital, the world was amazed by the way she remained cheerful.In 1998, a small accident during one of her practice vaults at the Goodwill Games could have cost her her future happiness.
Step 7: Homework
1. Finish Parts A1 and A2 on page 108 in Workbook.
2. Go over the reading passage.
Language points
1. To others, happiness means achieving success in something, such as meeting a goal. (P18) 对其他人来说，幸福意味着成功，比如达到一个目标。
mean
vt. meant, meant
1) to express or represent sth. such as an idea, thought, or fact: （指字句等）意谓
What does this word mean
[+ that] These figures mean that almost 7% of the working population is unemployed.
What do you mean by that remark
She's quite odd though. Do you know what I mean
2) used to add emphasis to what you are saying: 意指
I want you home by midnight. And I mean midnight.
Give it back now! I mean it.
3) to have a particular result: 预示
Lower costs mean lower prices.
[+ that] Advances in electronics mean that the technology is already available.
[+ ing form of verb] If we want to catch the 7.30 train, that will mean leaving the house at 6.00.
4) to have an important emotional effect on someone: 意味
It wasn't a valuable picture but it meant a lot to me.
Possessions mean nothing to him.
5) to intend: 打算
I'm sorry if I offended you - I didn't mean any harm.
The books with large print are meant for our partially sighted readers.
---4---
[+ to infinitive] I've been meaning to phone you all week.
Do you think she meant to say 9 a.m. instead of 9 p.m.
[+ object + to infinitive] This exercise isn't meant to be difficult.
They didn't mean for her to read the letter.
相关高考试题1. In some parts of London, missing a bus means______ for another hour.（2002上海春） A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting
2. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _________ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. ( 2006江苏) A. who B. that C. as D. which
3. If you think that treating a woman well means always_______ her permission for things, think again. （2006湖南） A. gets B. got C. to get D. getting答案及解析：1选A. mean doing 表示“意味着”；mean to do表示“本打算”。2选D. which 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰的先行词是前面整个句子。3选D. mean doing 表示“意味着”；mean to do表示“本打算”。
2. Sang Lan is very good example of someone who is happy with her life, even when people expect her to be sad. (P18) 桑兰是享受生活的一个很好的例子，尽管人们认为她会悲伤。
expect
vt. 1) to think or believe sth. will happen, or someone will arrive:
We are expecting a lot of applicants for the job.
[+ (that)] I expect (that) you'll find it somewhere in your bedroom.
I expect (that) he'd have left anyway.
[+ to infinitive] He didn't expect to see me.
The financial performance of the business is fully expected (= almost certain) to improve.
We were half expecting you not to come back.
2) to think that someone should behave in a particular way or do a particular thing:
I expect punctuality from my students.
[+ to infinitive] Borrowers are expected to (= should) return books on time.
---5---
相关高考试题Mum is coming. What present ___________ for your birthday （2005福建）
A．you expect she has got B．you expect has she got
C．do you expect she has got D．do you expect has she got
2. According to the art dealer, the painting ______ to go for at least a million dollars. （2004四川）
A. is expected B. expects
C. expected D. is expecting3. I've worked with children before, so I know what______ in my new job. （2000全国）
A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects答案及解析： 1选C. 此句中do you expect为插入语，由于do you expect已用疑问语序，主句用陈述语序，故选C。2选A. 油画与价格之间是被期待着的关系。此句应用被动语态。3选B. what, which, how, when, where等特殊疑问词后一般接动词不定式，与疑问词一起充当宾语，表语。
3. Well, in case some of our viewers don’t know her story, can you tell us a little bit about Sang Lan and who she is （P18）好的，或许我们有些观众还不知道桑兰的故事，您能给我们简单介绍一下桑兰吗？
1) in case：because of a possibility of sth. happening, being needed, etc. 以防
I don't think I'll need any money but I'll bring some just in case.
Bring a map in case you get lost.
I left for the office earlier than usual this morning in case of traffic jam.
相关高考试题1. I always take something to read when I go to the doctor’s __________ I have to wait. (2005全国II) A. in case B．so that C．in order D．as if 2. How can you expect to learn anything ____ you never listen （2006全国II）A. in case B. even if C. unless D. when
3. We always keep ________ spare paper, in case we ran out. （2006浙江）A. too much B. a number of C. plenty of D. a good many答案及解析： 1选A. in case表示“以防，万一; so that “以便”,引导目的状语从句；in order后可以接不定式，也可接that引导目的状语从句；as if 表示“好象”。2选D. when引导的条件状语从句，此句意为，“你从来不听，怎么能学到东西”。3选C. 此句意为，“我们总是保留充足的纸，以防用光”。
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2) a little bit：副词短语，一点
相关高考试题1. I wish you’d do ________ talking and some more work. Thus things will become better. （2006江苏） A. a bit less B. any less C. much more D. a little more答案及解析：选A. 此句意为，“我希望你少说一点，多做一点，因此，事件会变的更好”。
4．Even though her training meant that she had to live apart from her parents, she was happy to devote herself to gymnastics. （P18）参加训练意味着她不能和父母住在一起，但尽管如此，她还是乐意奉献于体操。
1) even though/if：although 尽管
Even though he was tired, he helped me with my work.
I shall go even though it rains.
It is better to ask him even though he (should) refuse.
even/as if：used to describe how a situation seems to be 好象
She looked as if she'd had some bad news.
I felt as though I'd been lying in the sun for hours.
They stared at me as if I was crazy.
相关高考试题1. Allow children the space to voice their opinions, ____they are different from your own. (2005湖南) A. until B. even if C. unless D. as though
2. Your uncle seems to be a good driver; _________, I wouldn’t dare to travel in his car. （2005江西）
A．even so B．even though C．therefore D．so 答案及解析： 1选B. 此句意为，“即使小孩有不同的意见，也要让他们说出来”。2选A. even so“尽管如此”；even though“尽管，即使”；therefore“因此”；so“因此”。
2) devote …to…：to give all of sth. especially your time, effort or love, or yourself, to sth. you believe in or to a person:奉献于…
He left government to devote more time to his family.
She has devoted all her energies/life to the care of homeless people.
[R] At the age of 25, he decided to devote himself to God.
相关高考试题Our Party has always devoted great attention to raising the living _____ of the working people. (2004上海) A. cost B. situation C. level D. standard答案及解析：选D。此句意为，“我们党一直很关注提高人民的生活水平”。
5. That must have been difficult for her. She must have been very sad. （P19）那对她肯定很困难，她一定很难过。
Must (modal verb)
---7---
1) used to show that it is necessary or very important that sth. happens in the present or future:
Meat must be cooked thoroughly.
I must get some sleep.
You mustn't show this letter to anyone else.
Luggage must not be left unattended (= it is against the rules).
FORMAL Must you leave so soon
FORMAL "Must I sign this " "No, there's no need."
2) if you say that you must do sth. you mean that you have a definite intention to do sth. in the future:
I must phone my sister.
We must get someone to fix that wheel.
I mustn't bite my nails.
3) used for emphasis:
I must say, you're looking extremely well.
I must admit, I wasn't looking forward to it.
4) if you tell someone else that they must do sth. pleasant, you are emphasizing that you think it is a good idea for them to do that:
You must come and stay with us for the weekend.
We must meet for lunch soon.
5) used to show that sth. is very likely, probable or certain to be true:
Harry's been driving all day - he must be tired.
There's no food left - we must have eaten it all.
When you got lost in the forest you must have been very frightened.
"You must know Frank." "No, I don't."
相关高考试题1. —Is Jack on duty today
—It ____ be him. It’s his turn tomorrow. （2006四川）A. mustn’t B. won’t C. can’t D. needn’t
2. There's no light on - they______ be at home. （2006全国I）A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't
3. This cake is very sweet. You __________ a lot of sugar in it. (2005辽宁)A．should put B．could have put C．might put D．must have put4. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They ______ at lease 150 km an hour. (2006重庆)
A. should have been doing B. must have been doing
C. could have done D. would have done答案及解析： 1.选C. 表示肯定的推测用must; 否定的推测用cannot. 意为，“不可能是他”。2.选A. 表示否定的推测用cannot. 意为，“他们不可能在家”。3.选D. 表示肯定的推测用must; must have put用的是完成式，表示的动作发生在主句表示的动作is sweet之前，意为，“你肯定放了好多糖”。4选B. 表示肯定的推测。
6．Instead of crying about what she had lost and feeling hopeless, Sang Lan thought about what she could do to get better. (P19) 她没有对她失去的而哭泣或感到无望，相反，桑兰想到的是自己能做什么来改变自己的状态。
instead of：in place of someone or sth. else 代替;而不…
There's no coffee - would you like a cup of tea instead
You can go instead of me, if you want
I'll go instead of him.
I can go to the meeting instead of my sick brother.
I can't go, she'll go instead of me.
She went to school instead of staying at home.
7. And how has Sang Lan adapted to her new life (P19) 那桑兰是怎样适应新生活的呢？
adapt
vi. 1) to become familiar with a new situation:
The good thing about children is that they adapt very easily to new environments.
It took me a while to adapt to the new job.
2) to change sth. to suit different conditions or uses:
Many software companies have adapted popular programs to the new operating system.
The recipe here is a pork roast adapted from Caroline O'Neill's book 'Louisiana Kitchen'.
[+ to infinitive] We had to adapt our plans to fit Jack's timetable.
The play had been adapted for (= changed to make it suitable for) children.
Davies is busy adapting Brinkworth's latest novel for television.
8. I know I will think about how she rebuilt her life whenever my life feels unbearable. (P19)我知道，以后每当我感到生活难以承受时，都会想一想桑兰是如何重建生活的。
whenever
adv. conj. 1) every or any time:
I blush whenever I think about it.
Whenever I go there they seem to be in bed.
I try to use olive oil whenever possible.
"Will it be okay if I do it tomorrow " "Sure, whenever (= then or at any other time)."
Do it in a spare moment at the weekend or whenever - it really doesn't matter.
I'm talking about last July or whenever it was that you got back from India.
2) used instead of 'when' to add emphasis to a phrase, usually expressing surprise:
Whenever do you get the time to do these things
---9---
相关高考试题1. In peace，too，the Red Cross is expected to send help _______ there is human suffering. (2006江西) A. whoever B. however C. whatever D. wherever2. The old tower must be saved, _________the cost. （2005浙江） A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever
3. --- Could you do me a favour (2006北京)--- It depends on ______ it is. A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever答案及解析：1选D. 此句相当于send help to the place where there is human suffering。Wherever引导定语从句。2.选B. whatever意为“无论什么”。此句意为，“那座古塔必须修，无论花什么代价”。3.选C. what引导的宾语从句。意为，“看看是帮什么忙”。
9. Reeve could not walk either, due to an unfortunate horse riding accident. (P21)由于一次骑马时不幸的事故，Reeve也不能走路了。
due to
caused by; attributable to 由于
This accident was due to his carelessness.
His illness was due to overwork.
The accident was due to bad driving.
The stove smokes, that is due to the pipe being stopped.
His success was due to hard work.
The wages due to him will be paid tomorrow.
He arrived late due (owing) to the storm.
相关高考试题The great success of this programme has been ______ due to the support given by the local businessmen. (2004广东)
A. rather B. very C. quickly D. largely答案及解析：选D。此处largely修饰due to。
10. Yes, as long as I still had my family and friends. (P21) 是的，只要我还有家人和朋友。
as long as
只要
相关高考试题It is said that dogs will keep you_______for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely. (2006江西) A. safety B. company C. house D. friend答案及解析：选B。此句意为，“据说无论你什么时候感到孤独只要你需要，狗都会陪伴你”。
---10---
brave
courageous
Personality of Sang Lan
determined
hard-working
optimistic
considerate
Answers
1 g 2 c 3 b 4 f 5 d 6 I 7 a 8 e 9 h
Answers
1dedicated 2 mistake 3 wall 4 neck
5 visitors 6 positive 7 journalism 8 programme
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●Task Writing a website article to give advice
Skills building 1: identifying negative emotional language
In this part, we’ll learn what words, phrases or structures are used to express negative emotions. These words will help discuss the problems.
1. Read the guidelines to know what negative emotions are.
Example words: hopeless, unhappy, disappointed, sad, regretful and lonely.
2. Make some sentences using the structures given on page 26.
I felt like crying when I knew I would never see my grandma again.
Failing my Maths test again made me feel rather depressed. I want to have a talk with my Maths teacher.
He left school under a black cloud after causing a serious accident.
Since her husband got ill, she seemed very down in the dumps.
Step 1: identifying problems
This part is designed to help develop your reading and listening skills. First read a letter and find the problem described in it according to what you have learnt in Skills building 1. Then complete the notes after listening to a student talk about his problems and suggest some good solutions.
1. Read the letter in Part A on page 26 and underline the negative language used to describe the problem in the letter.
Answers:
① I don’t know what to do.
② I’ve been very sad
③ I feel caught between
④ They make me feel like I’m a bad son
⑤ I feel guilty
⑥ I’m so confused.
⑦ I’m really tired of feeling worried
⑧ I wish I knew
2. Go over Part B on page 27 to find out what you should do next. Then listen to the recording and finish the notes in this part. Check answers with the class.
TapescriptMa Jie : When I’m at school, I’m often very tired. I have to stay up very late at night to finish my homework because I spend all afternoon with my basketball coach. I know that I’m not doing my best at school. That makes me feel sad because I like to try my hardest at everything. When I play basketball, I sometimes make mistakes, and don’t play well because I’m thinking about my studies, and I feel worried that I’m falling behind. I want to be good at my studies and be good at basketball---I want to do both things well. I feel confused and sad because I don’t know how to do both. Lots of people play a sport and do well at school. I want to learn to balance both of these activities. My coach says that I have a special ability, and that it would be wrong not to use it. He says that very few people can play basketball as well as I can---I should be willing to give up other things in my life so that I can focus on playing. But my parents tell me that sport cannot take the place of a good education. They say that I could get injured; also, you can’t be 100% sure that you will be able to play basketball like Yao Ming in the future. They believe that it is more important to study hard and prepare for a job in the business world.I agree with both of them. I’m lucky to be so good at basketball. It would be silly not to try and become the best I can be, but I also think a good education is one of the most important things there is. I know that even if I become very good at basketball, there might be a day when I’m too old or injured, and I will need a good education to help me find a good job.
AnswersB1. sad 2. make mistakes 3. play well 4. studies 5. falling behind 6. studies 7. basketball 8. talent9. willing 10. focus 11. education 12. injured13. Yao Ming 14. important 15. business world 16. agree
3. Go over Part C, then listen to the recording and complete this part.
Tapescript Ma Jie: The first thing I tried was just working harder at evening. I thought that maybe I could just try harder, and then I could do well at school and get better at basketball at the same time. But that idea didn’t work because both things take a lot of time, and there are just not enough hours in one day to do my very best at both things.Then I thought I could focus on school, and just play basketball at the weekend. But my coach is right when he says that two days a week is not enough training if I want to become very good.For a few weeks I studied less. I thought that maybe I could still get average marks, even if I did not spend much time studying. That was a huge mistake, because I failed two exams and my parents were very disappointed.I’ve thought about quitting basketball too. Lots of people don’t play a sport and they are happy, right But not me. If I don’t play basketball, I’m not happy. What do you think I should do ---2---AnswersC1. Both things take a lot of time.2. Two days a week is not enough training.3. I failed two exams and my parents were very disappointed.4. If I don’t play, I’m not happy
Skills building 2: breaking a big question into smaller ones
In this part, we will learn how to break a big question into smaller ones.
1 I’ll write a question on the blackboard. Do you know how to answer it
How can I improve my grades
It is difficult for us to simply answer the question with one or two sentences because it is too big.
2 Go over the guidelines in this part. Then read the big question and smaller questions given in this part as an example.
3. Work into groups of four to divide the question on the blackboard into a few smaller questions.
Sample questions:
What subjects do you find hard and need to improve on
What is your problem in these subjects
Is that because you have not spent enough time on them
What have you done to improve on these subjects Did you use good study methods in these subjects
What are your short-term and long-term goals in these subjects Have you set proper goals
I want all of you participate in the discussion. All possible answers are welcome.
Step 2: discussing solutions
This part is designed to help use what you’ve learnt in Skills building 2 to practise asking questions and discussing solutions.
1. Work in pairs to discuss Ma Jie's problems. Try to divide the big question 'What do you think of Ma Jie's problem ' into smaller ones.
Sample conversation
--- You know Ma Jie is my good friend. Recently he has been worried a lot. I want to help him solve his problem. What do you think I should do
---OK. Let's see what we can do to help him, but first let's make things less complicated
We'd better divide the big question into some smaller ones. Tell me what his problem is.
2. Write down the smaller questions in speech bubble
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3. Work in pairs to make up a dialogue with the help of speech bubble 2 and speech bubble 3. Then two or three pairs are required to present your dialogues to the whole class.
Skills building 3: giving advice
In this part, you will read some guidelines of how to make advice clearer and more helpful to people who need it.
Read the three points and put on the blackboard the following table to help the students understand the guidelines.
Guidelines What to do Why
1 avoid judging Use positive, helpful languagedo not say, 'It's wrong for you to .. People want help but not judgement of their previous behaviour.
2 give examples Mention a similar situation where your advice works. People will know how to use your advice.
Step 3: writing an article
In this part, you’ll write an article about how Ma Jie solved his problem with the help of his parents, teachers and coach.
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1 Read the guidelines in this part to find out what to do.
·Ma Jie's problems
·the possible solutions Ma Jie has thought of and the reasons why they didn't work
·the advice you gave to Ma Jie
·the advice his parents, teachers and coach gave him and why it works
· your opinion about the best way to solve problems that students have
2. Work in groups of four to write the article. Each member of the group writes one part. After each of you has finished your part, your group should put the four parts together to form the article and present it to the whole class.
3. Homework: write a passage according the guidelines in Part B on page 115 in workbook.
Language points
1. They often rely on emotional words and negative images. (P26) 他们通常使用表示情感的词和消极的比喻。
rely on
phrasal verb 1) to need a particular thing or the help and support of someone or sth. in order to continue, to work correctly, or to succeed: 依赖，依靠
[+ ing form of verb]
The success of this project relies on everyone making an effort.
I rely on you for good advice.
[+ to infinitive]
I'm relying on the garage to fix the car by tomorrow.
2) to trust someone or sth. or to expect them to behave in a particular way:
British weather can never be relied on - it's always changing.
[+ ing form of verb]
Don't rely on finding me here when you get back (= I might have gone).
2. He thinks I need to arrange to spend more time working on my basketball skills.(P26)他认为我应该安排更多的时间练习我篮球的技能。
arrange
vi. & vt. to plan or prepare for; to organize:
I'm trying to arrange my work so that I can have a couple of days off next week.
The meeting has been arranged for Wednesday.
[+ to infinitive] They arranged to have dinner the following month.
I've already arranged with him to meet at the cinema.
She's arranged for her son to have swimming lessons.
[+ that] I'd deliberately arranged that they should arrive at the same time.
[+ question word] We haven't yet arranged when to meet.
3. Whichever way I look at it, I’ll never be really be good at anything unless I quit doing everything else. (P26) 无论我怎样考虑，我都不能真正的擅长于任何事，除非，我放弃其他所有事。
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1) whichever
any (of a set of known possibilities) that:
Take whichever seat you like.
Have whichever you want..
no matter which:
It has the same result, whichever way you do it.
Whichever you want is yours.
相关高考试题____ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. (2006山东)A. No matter what B. No matter which C Whatever D. whichever答案及解析: 选D. 此题是由whichever引导的主语从句，表示“无论哪个队”
2) unless
conj. except if除非…否则…
You can't get a job unless you've got experience (= you can only get a job if you have experience).
Unless you call me to say you're not coming, I'll see you at the theatre (= I will see you there if you do not call to say you are not coming).
Whichever option we choose there'll be disadvantages.相关高考试题1. ________ you have tried it, you can't imagine how pleasant it is. （2006北京）A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. When2. We don’t keep winning games _______ we keep playing well. （2006浙江） A. because B. unless C. when D. while3. In time of serious accidents, _______ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives. （2006重庆）
A. whether B. until C. if D. unless4. It is known to all that _____ you exercise regularly, you won’t keep good health. （2005重庆）
A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if5. _____you call me to say you’re not coming, I’ll see you at the theatre. （2004四川）A. Though B. Whether C. Until D. Unless答案及解析: 1选A. unless表示“除非”；although表示“尽管”2选B.3选C.4选A. whenever表示“无论何时”5选D.
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3）quit
vi. & vt. quitting, quit, quit to stop doing sth. or leave a job or a place:
离开，退出；停止，放弃，辞职
Would you quit your job if you inherited lots of money
[+ ing form of verb] I'm going to quit smoking.
Quit wasting my time!
Press Q to quit the program.
4. When you have a big question to answer, the best way to start is to make it into several questions, and answer them first. (P28) 当你要回答一个大问题时，最好的办法是将它分成几个小问题，先找到它们的答案。
make … into…
phrasal verb to change sth. into sth. else: 分成…
They've made the spare room into an office.
make常用短语make for 对┅有益; 助长 make out
1 辨识; 看出
I could barely make out the traffic signs through the rain.2 了解
I could not make out what she was sayingmake up
1 做成; 编成
make up a prescription 开药方
2 组成; 形成
One hundred years make up a century. 一百年成一世纪
3 装扮; 扮演；化妆
4 捏造; 编造
make up an excuse 捏造藉口
5 弥补
make up the lost time 弥补失去的时光
6 整理; 收拾
make up a room 收拾房间 make a face 扮鬼脸 make ends meet 收支平衡 make fun of 嘲笑; 愚弄 make it (口语) 成功
finally made it as an actor 终于成功地成为一位演员 make up (one's) mind 决定, 决心
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Answers
Speech bubble1
Problem: What is his problem
Source of information: How did you find out about the problem
people involved: Who else is involved in the problem besides MaJie
attempts to solve problem: What has he done to try to solve the problem
results of attempts: What were the results of the solutions he had tried
things one wishes to happen: What does he wish to happen
Sample answers
A: I really want to help Ma Jie, but what can I do to solve his problem
B: I think if you want to give decent advice, you should first listen to his problem. Make sure that you understand the situation clearly and also understand the person you want to help. Then you can give your suggestions.
A: Do you think there is a solution
B: Certainly. Every problem has a solution. We should be positive. Tell him he should consider the problem carefully.
A: He has already thought of some solutions, but it seems that they didn’t work. He found it was hard to satisfy his parents, his teachers, his coach and himself at the same time. Is there a way to make everyone happy What do you think Is it more important to be happy himself, or to make others happy
B: That’s a really good question. Sometimes we could find a win-win solution to make everyone happy, but usually it’s very hard. There’s an English idiom that says ‘You can’t please everyone.” If you’re happy, how can you try to make others happy
A: So, what do you think he should do
B: I think he shouldn’t try to decide alone. He’d better tell his coach and parents how he feels.
A: Do you think that will work Why will that work
B: Yes. Because they all care about him. They can help him work out solutions.
A: I agree. Parents and teachers are more experienced in helping us solve big problems.
B: That’s what parents, teachers and coaches are for. All we want is that you feel happy.
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Module 6
Unit 2 What is happiness to you
Part One Teaching Design第一部分 教学设计
邵阳县七中 王时亮
Aims and requirements
Read an interview and two essays about happiness
Listen to friend talk about problems and solutions
Talk about the gymnast Sang Lan
Write an article for a website offering advice
Procedures
● Welcome to theUnit
Step 1: Brainstorming
A flash appreciation
Boys and girls, good morning (good afternoon). Are you in a good mood today Let’s enjoy a flash together. What kind of sports can you see in the picture How do you find the flash
(In the flash, we can see people of different ages take weightlifting exercise and some funny or interesting mistakes or accidents happen during the course of exercise. They make us burst into laughter)
Picture-talking
What are people doing in each picture How do they feel (excited, happy, thrilled) What is the definition of happiness What are the things that make one happy
Different people have different understanding of happiness. To some people, it means an easy life, a good job, money; to some, it may be helping others, contributions to one’s country......
How do you understand happiness What are your hobbies And what do you do when you feel unhappy ---1---
Step 2: Sharing information
Open your books to Page 17. Let’s share information about each picture on this page with each other.
1. Study the six pictures
Picture 1 Being creative
Do you like drawing When and how did you begin to develop this interest
What does this hobby bring to you (Whenever I feel upset and want to escape from everything, I like to go into my bedroom and take up my paints and brushes. It's so wonderful--all my thoughts and ideas can be expressed in my pictures.)
What other things mean 'being creative' to you (Thinking of different solutions to solve problems, expressing myself in my own ways and making new things.)
Picture 2 Doing exciting things
What are exciting things to you (like white-water surfing or bungee jumping.) Why do people like exciting things They bring lots of fun and help people forget all the troubles and worries.
Picture 3 Reading
Do you like reading Does reading make one happy Why It is really enjoyable when reading especially in a peaceful and quiet environment. Sometimes we are so absorbed by the characters in the book and their stories that we forget all about the outside world. Through reading, we gain knowledge and our horizons are broadened.
Picture 4 Playing sport
Which are your favorable sports It's a really good way to make friends, keep fit and relax.
Picture 5 Spending time with family
Do you enjoy spending time with your family When you feel happy or unhappy, do you talk to them about your problems and achievements Family is important to everyone. It's a perfect time to talk to your family about your problems. They can give you good advice and make you confident. They are also happy for the achievements you made.
Picture 6 Learning new things
Have you ever been to a natural history museum Why do people like museum In a museum, we can find out more information than we can just through reading books. Visiting these kinds of places can give us a real insight into history.
What other ways do you think may help you learn more new things (Surfing the Internet and talking to different people.)
2. Talk about each picture and exchange opinions with your partner.
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Which things do you often do and like to do Why do you feel happy when doing these
Step 3: Discussion
Work in groups of 4 to discuss the three questions and then report the answers to the whole class.
1. What are things that make everyone happy
There are some things in life that make us feel happy. For example, as a small child, something as simple as getting some sweets is enough to make him or her into a happy child. As a student, passing an exam can make him or her feel on top of the world. For an adult, getting a great new job or traveling to different parts of the world are some of the happiest times.
2. What are the things which make you happy
Eating a hearty meal, getting some new clothes, having enough money for something I really want, reading a great book, watching a really good film, making a new friend or making up with my friends after an argument.
3. If you had a friend who was unhappy, how would you try to help him or her
In this case, I will try to be a good listener and understand what has made him or her so upset. Offer some advice if necessary. Invite him to go outside for a walk or go shopping together to cheer him up
Step 4: Homework
Read the two articles on P112-113.
Prepare the reading part.
Language points
1. These people are all doing things that make them happy. (P17) 这些人都在做让他们高兴的事件。
make+宾语+宾语补足语:
其中宾语补足语可以由名词，形容词，非谓语动词充当。
My father wants to make me a doctor.
He made London the base for his revolutionary work.
It'll make me so happy if you'll accept it.
Washing machines make housework easier.
He had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.
I can't make this machine go.
He was made to repeat it.
He could not make himself understood.
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相关高考试题1. European football is played in 80 countries, ______ it the most popular sport in the world. （NMET1998）
A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
2. Helen had to shout _____ above the sound of the music. （2004广西）
A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear
C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard
3. — Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game
— Oh, that’s ____________. (2003 北京春季)
A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited答案及解析：1选 A.分词引导结果状语。其中it做make的宾语，the most popular sport充当宾语补足语。2选 D 动词不定式充当目的状语。其中herself做make的宾语，heard充当宾语补足语; herself与heard之间是被动关系。3选 A what引导的表语从句。其中me做make的宾语，feel excited充当宾语补足语。
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Unit 2 同步练习
Grammar and usage
Past tense （过去时态）
I. The simple past tense: 一般过去式，谓语用过去式(-ed)
It is often used to talk about something that happened in the past and is now finished.
e.g. She worked late into night yesterday.
II. The past continuous tense: 过去进行时 (was/were+doing)
The tense is to talk about something that happened in the past and continued for some time.
e.g. She knew that as a famous dancer she was making her parents proud in those years.
III. The past perfect tense: 过去完成式(had+-ed)
1. The past perfect tense is often used with the simple past tense. If one action happens before another in the past, the past perfect tense is used.
e.g. Upon entering the tomb, Carter's lucky pet bird , which had led him to the place, was eaten by a snake.
2. The past perfect tense is sometimes used in reported speech
e.g. "We emptied the tomb of everything it contained," said Carter.
Carter said that they had emptied the tomb of everything it contained.
3. The use of the past perfect tense simply indicates that an action comes before another past action, used with time expressions such as when, after, before, as soon as, until, by, for and already
e.g. I had done my homework this morning before I went to the museum.
Future tense（将来时态）
I. The form and usage of the simple future tense：
1. will/shall do:表示将来发生的动作或出现的状态,shall仅与第一人称连用
2. be going to do:表示主语计划打算的行动或看来就要发生的事情
3. be doing:表示计划或安排好的动作（go, come, leave, begin 等动词）
4. be to do:表示客观上计划或安排好的动作
5. be about to do:表示即将发生的动作,一般不带时间副词或短语
6. do:表示与安排，计划或时刻表有关的动作；或用于if, when等状语从句中代替will do.
II. The usage of the future continuous tense: 将来进行时(will+be+doing)
1. Talk about something that will be in progress at a certain time or over a period of time in the future. (讨论将来某个时间点或时间段正在进行的动作)
e.g. Toby will not be in London next Tuesday. He will be climbing in the Himalayas.
Toby will be climbing in the Himalayas all next week.
1. Express future without intention. When it is used in this way, we want to indicate that something will happen naturally. It doesn't imply that the speaker has arranged the action.
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（表示不包含说话者主观意愿的纯粹将来。使用这种方式，我们想表达某件事会很自然地发生，说话者并不参与安排或计划。）比较下列各句：
e.g. Tom won't cut the grass.（Tom refuses to cut the grass.）Tom won't be cutting the grass.
（The sentence is only a statement of fact, giving no information about Tom's intention. Perhaps Tom is away, or ill, or will be doing some other job.）
3. Make polite enquiries about other people's future plans. (委婉地询问对方的未来计划，比用will do听起来更有礼貌。)
e.g. What will you be doing tomorrow
Will you be working all day
III. The usage of the future in the past is to talk about an event which was in the future at the time when it was discussed.
Step 2: Practice(语法练习)：
I. 用所给动词的适当的过去时或将来时的形式填充。
1. Let's keep to the point or we ______ never_______ (reach) any decisions.
2. My mind wasn't on what he was saying, so I'm afraid I______ (miss) half of it.
3. I don't think Jim saw me; he _____ just ______ (start) into space.
4. I ____ (ask) you not to move my dictionary--now I can't find it.
5. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people ______ (begin) to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.
6. --George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding
--No, I ______ ______ ______(invite). Did they have a big wedding
7. Shirley _____ (write) a book about China last year but I don't know whether she has finished it.
8. John and I have been friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we _____ ______(see) each other a couple of times before that.
9. His wife _____ ______ (hope) to catch the first train but she was too late.
10. I _____ ______ (catch) in the heavy rain on the way to the cinema.
11. I found the sentence _____ ______ (not read) smoothly.
12. What he had said at the meeting _____ (prove) true.
13. ---Did you see Tom at the party
--- No. He _____ _____ (leave) by the time I arrived.
14. --- How time flies! It's already 10 o'clock.
--- Oh, I _____ _____ (not realize) it at all.
15. --- I'm sorry that I shouldn't have been so rude to you.
--- You did_____ (lose) your temper but that's OK.
II.用所给动词的适当的过去时或将来时的形式确翻译下列各句 ：
1. The thief tried to break away from the policeman who _____ _____(一直抓着)
him but failed.
2. --What were you doing when Tony phoned you
--I had just finished my work and ____ _____(正准备开始)to take a shower.
---2---
3. --You were out when I dropped in at your house.
--Oh, I_____ _____(在等候)for a friend from England at the airport.
4. --- Why haven't you asked her to come here
--- She ________(正在做工) an important experiment when I found her and she hasn't finished it.
5. --- What were you up to when she dropped in
--- I_____ _____(刚玩了一会儿)for a while and _____ _____ _____ _____(正打算看书) some reading.
6.Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ______often_____(会看到) advertisement showing happy families.
7. --- What place is it
--- Haven't you seen that we are back where we _____(回到了原地)
8. --- Tomorrow is my birthday. I'd like you and Jane to come.
--- I'm not sure if she _____ _____ (将)free.
9. The crazy fans ______ _____ ______(一直在等)patiently for two hours and they would wait till the movie star arrived.
10. You_______ _______(要求你ask) not to move the desk--now it is broken.
相关高考试题
1. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer ______ it was 20 years ago, _________ poorly equipped. (2005安徽)
A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that
2. By the time lane gets home, her aunt _______for London to attend a meeting. (2005天津)
A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. left.
3. --- When do we need to pay the balance
--- __________ September 30. (2006北京)
A. In B. By C. During D. Within
4. Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws
get parents ___. (2004重庆)
A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. Worry
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相关高考试题 (grammmar)1. A poet and artist ________ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. (2006江苏) A. is B. are C. was D. were2. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4025______ at 18:20. (2006四川) A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken3. --- Your job ________ open for your return.--- Thanks. (2006北京)A. will be kept B. will keep C. had kept D. had been kept4. I won't tell the student the answer to the math problem until he ____on it for more than an hour. (2006湖北) A. has been working B. will have worked C. will have been working D. had worked5. In a room above the store, where a party__________, some workers were busily setting the table. (2006湖南)A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held6. I __________ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident __________．(2006安徽)A．went; was occurring B．went; occurredC．was going; occurred D．was going; had occurred7. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane________. (2006福建)A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off
Task.
相关高考试题1. ________ you have tried it, you can't imagine how pleasant it is. （2006北京）A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. When2. We don’t keep winning games _______ we keep playing well. （2006浙江） A. because B. unless C. when D. while3. In time of serious accidents, _______ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives. （2006重庆）
A. whether B. until C. if D. unless4. It is known to all that _____ you exercise regularly, you won’t keep good health. （2005重庆）
A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if5. _____you call me to say you’re not coming, I’ll see you at the theatre. （2004四川）A. Though B. Whether C. Until D. Unless
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Project Making a happiness handbook
Part A
1. At the beginning of this class, let’s appreciate two poems. After reading, try to say something about them.
What is happiness
(1) Thursday, 14. September 2006, 09:55:30 by Moonriver
Happiness
Is the moment
When I happen to kiss the forehead of angel cloud so gracious
Said the wind
Happiness
Is the instant
When I drench a thirsty heart by coincidence
Said the rain
Happiness
Lies in the second
When rainbow paints me with colorful clothes so generous
Said the sky
For me
Happiness falls
The moment you perch in my heart so zealous
And render it smile
(2) 2006-9-14 18:34:49 By troublemakerl:
Happiness is a cup of water when dying of thirsty.
Happiness is a loaf of bread when starving to death.
Happiness is a feel of hunger when find nothing tasty.
Happiness is a look of smile when taking the last breath.
Happiness is the sweet smile blooming on the child's face for a tiresome mother
Happiness is the oasis in the desert for an exhausted traveller
Happiness is the warm feeling dancing in the heart of lover
Happiness is an unchanged melody that never alter
Ok. From the two poems, we can find they are both about the theme HAPPINESS. We dare say different people have different ideas of happiness and the idea of what is happiness lies in people themselves.
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Today we’ll read two essays on the theme of “the happiest days of your life” and then you will write an essay about your ideas of happiness and make your own happiness handbooks.
2. Come to Part A. Read the essay GOLDEN DAYS by yourselves and then try to answer some questions.
1) Is the writer old or young How do you know that
2) What time does the writer consider to be the happiest of his life
3) Why does the writer think those days were happy
4) What does the writer think young people can do while old people can’t
3. Read the second essay and then judge whether the following statements are right or wrong.
1) The writer is a teenager because she will be an adult in the future.
2) She thinks her happiest days will be in the future with new technology and without war, pollution or hunger.
3) The writer thinks that teenagers can’t do things like adults because they have to work hard at school, doing or learning things.
4) The writer feels very nice each time she thinks of her happiest days ahead of her.
5) From the essay, we can conclude that the writer is a hardworking girl, because she is always motivated to work hard for her future life by herself.
4. Have a discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of teenagers and old people.
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Advantages of being young: active, full of energy, creative, strong, modern, easy to keep up with the times, easy and eager to learn new things
Disadvantages of being young: impatient, immature, inexperienced
Advantages of being old: experienced, mature, patient
Disadvantages of being old: lack of energy, stubborn, easy to be tired or to fall ill
5. Do Parts B1 and B2 on page 109 in workbook to practise using some words and phrases in this section.
AnswersB 11. encouragement 2. independent 3. assist 4. motivation 5. accomplishmentB2 1. look back upon 2. stay 3. ached 4. imagine 5. allowing 6. simplify 7. focus on 8. fix
Part B
You are asked to make a handbook about happiness of each group. Work in groups and follow the outline below to design a handbook.
Planning
Each group divide different tasks and decide who will check the English in the essays, who will illustrate the handbook, who will put all the essays together and make the cover of the handbook.
Preparing
Review what we’ve learned about happiness in this unit and then discuss the following questions on page 31.
Each one should come up with the idea of happiness of your own.
Producing
Make a draft, get the approval of the group and finalize the handbook.
Presenting
Present your group work to others and wait to be judged.
Language points
1. At that point in my life, I could have done anything or become anyone. (P30) 在那个时候，我本可以做任何事，成为任何人。
could have+p.p.
表示虚拟语气
If I were a bird, I could fly freely in the sky.
He would have failed but for his teacher's timely advice.
I had my hair cut off and sold it because I couldn't have lived through Christmas without giving you a present.
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相关高考试题It's hard for him to imagine what I would be doing today if I ___ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox library in my home town. （2002上海）A. wouldn't have fallen B. had not fallen
C. should fall D. were to fall答案及解析：选B。对过去的虚拟，谓语动词用had+p.p.
2. I felt like I could do anything. (P30) 我感到我能做任何事，
feel like
1）give the sensation or impression of being 感到, 感觉象
I feel like catching cold.
It feels like rain.
The plastic board feels like glass.
2）be inclined for, have a desire for 想要
The children feel like eating ice cream.
I feel like working.
3. When I imagine my future, I see myself successful in my job and surrounded by my family. (P31) 想象自己的未来，我看到的是自己工作成功，家人围绕身边共享天伦之乐的情景。
imagine
vt. 1）to form or have a mental picture or idea of sth.:
Imagine Robert Redford when he was young - that's what John looks like.
[+ (that)] Imagine (that) you're eating an ice cream - try to feel how cold it is.
[+ question word] Can you imagine how it feels to be blind
[+ ing form of verb] She imagined herself sitting in her favourite armchair back home.
They hadn't imagined (= expected) (that) it would be so difficult.
I can't imagine (= I really don't know) what he wants from us.
2）to believe that sth. is probably true:
[+ (that)] I imagine (that) he's under a lot of pressure at the moment.
I don't imagine (that) they have much money.
"Will they change it " "I imagine so."
3）to think that sth. exists or is true, although in fact it is not real or true:
"Did you hear a noise " "No, you're imagining things/No, you must have imagined it."
I've never heard her criticize you - I think you imagine it.
4）UK you can't imagine used to emphasize a statement:
You can't imagine what a mess the house was in after the party.
5）used to express shock or surprise, often at someone else's behaviour:
She got married at 16! Imagine that!
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[+ ing form of verb] Imagine spending all that money on a coat!
相关高考试题1. Never in my wildest dreams these people are living in such poor conditions．（2006安徽）A．I could imagine B．could I imagineC．I couldn’t imagine D．couldn’t I imagine2. --- There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man. --- My goodness! I can’t imagine _________ that old. (2006江苏) A. to be B. to have been C. being D. having been3. My grandma still treats me like a child. She can’t imagine ________ grown up. （2006重庆） A. my B. mine C. myself D. me4. It is difficult to imagine his ________ the decision without any consideration. (2006陕西)
A. accept B. accepting
C. to accept D. accepted答案及解析： 1选B. 表示否定的副词never放在句首，谓语动词要倒装。2选C. imagine doing3选D. me充当imagine的宾语。4选B. imagine somebody doing
2) see+宾语+宾语补足语：
相关高考试题Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ______ advertisements showing happy families. (2004湖南)A. will often see B. often see C. are often seeing D. have often seen
答案及解析：选A。此题考时态，意为“打开电视或杂志，你将会看到展示幸福家庭的广告”。
4. No one will be sad because humans will have learned to fix many of the problems that affect us now… (P31) 没有人会感到忧伤，因为到那时候人类已经学会解决目前还在影响着我们的许多问题。
1) fix
v.（1）put sth. in place so that it will not move使固定；安装
The geography teacher fixed the map on the blackboard.
Can this radio be fixed here
We sell at fixed prices.
The meeting was fixed for nine o'clock that evening.
（2）mend sth. 修理
Can you fix my broken sandal
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（3）arrange sth. make a plan确定，安排，定（计划）
Let's fix a time for the party.
Come tonight and we'll fix things for you.
n. situation that is hard to get out of 困境，窘境
2) affect
vt. to have an influence on someone or sth. or to cause them to change:影响
Both buildings were badly affected by the fire.
The divorce affected every aspect of her life.
It's a disease which affects mainly older people.
I was deeply affected by the film (= It caused strong feelings in me).
effect
（1）n. [C or U] the result of a particular influence:影响
The radiation leak has had a disastrous effect on/upon the environment.
I tried taking tablets for the headache but they didn't have any effect.
I think I'm suffering from the effects of too little sleep.
She has a lot of confidence which she uses to good effect (= to her advantage) in interviews.
（2）n. [U] use:使用; 奏效
The present system of payment will remain in effect (= be used) until the end of the rental agreement.
When do the new driving laws come into effect
The new salary increases will take effect (= begin) from January onwards.
5. We will have robots and computers to assist us with the things that are boring.（P31）至于那些枯燥无味的事情，将有机器人和电脑来帮助我们处理。
assist
vi. & vt. FORMAL to help:帮助
The army arrived to assist in the search.
You will be expected to assist the editor with the selection of illustrations for the book.
6. Thinking this way gives me the motivation to work hard now so that I can enjoy my future life. (P31) 这样一想，我就有了刻苦学习以享受未来生活的动力。
so that: in order that 以便
I left at 6:00 so that I could catch the train.
Speak loudly, so that I can hear what you say.
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相关高考试题1. I always take something to read when I go to the doctor’s __________ I have to wait. (2005全国) A．in case B．so that C．in order D．as if2. I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early _______ I can have time for a cup of tea. （2005北京） A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that3. Roses need special care _____ they can live through winter. （2004安徽）
A. because B. so that C. even if D. as4. I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early _______ I can have time for a cup of tea. (2004 安徽)
A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that答案及解析： 1选A. so that引导目的状语从句。In case表示“以防，万一”；as if 表示“好象”。2选D. so that引导目的状语从句。As soon as 表示“一…就…”；as a result表示“结果”；In case表示“以防，万一”。 3选B. so that引导目的状语从句。Even if 表示“即使”.4选D. so that引导目的状语从句。
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Answers
1) The writer is old, because he says “when I was young”, suggesting that he is not young any more.
2) His school days were his happiest of his life.
3) He didn’t have any worries in life. He had all his friends around him, with whom he played in the sunshine and talked about interesting things. He had the encouragement and guidance of his family. His parents took good care of him and he had no problems at work to think about, no problem of income to worry about or no problem of taking care of his family. All he had to do was enjoy his school life and his adolescence.
4) Young people are healthy, so they can stay happy and cheerful. They seem never tired and feel they can do anything. When people get old, they can get tired easily and their bodies often ache.
Answers
1.T 2.T 3.T 4.T 5.T
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● Grammar and usage
Step 1: General introduction and explanation to past and future tense
Past tense
I. The simple past tense:
It is often used to talk about something that happened in the past and is now finished.
e.g. She worked late into night yesterday.
II. The past continuous tense:
The tense is to talk about something that happened in the past and continued for some time.
e.g. She knew that as a famous dancer she was making her parents proud in those years.
III. The past perfect tense:
1. The past perfect tense is often used with the simple past tense. If one action happens before another in the past, the past perfect tense is used.
e.g. Upon entering the tomb, Carter's lucky pet bird , which had led him to the place, was eaten by a snake.
2. The past perfect tense is sometimes used in reported speech
e.g. "We emptied the tomb of everything it contained," said Carter.
Carter said that they had emptied the tomb of everything it contained.
3. The use of the past perfect tense simply indicates that an action comes before another past action, used with time expressions such as when, after, before, as soon as, until, by, for and already
e.g. I had done my homework this morning before I went to the museum.
Future tense
I. The form and usage of the simple future tense：
1. will/shall do:表示将来发生的动作或出现的状态,shall仅与第一人称连用
2. be going to do:表示主语计划打算的行动或看来就要发生的事情
3. be doing:表示计划或安排好的动作（go, come, leave, begin 等动词）
4. be to do:表示客观上计划或安排好的动作
5. be about to do:表示即将发生的动作,一般不带时间副词或短语
6. do:表示与安排，计划或时刻表有关的动作；或用于if, when等状语从句中代替will do.
II. The usage of the future continuous tense:
1. Talk about something that will be in progress at a certain time or over a period of time in the future. (讨论将来某个时间点或时间段正在进行的动作)
e.g. Toby will not be in London next Tuesday. He will be climbing in the Himalayas.
Toby will be climbing in the Himalayas all next week.
1. Express future without intention. When it is used in this way, we want to indicate that something will happen naturally. It doesn't imply that the speaker has arranged the action.
（表示不包含说话者主观意愿的纯粹将来。使用这种方式，我们想表达某件事会很自然地发生，说话者并不参与安排或计划。）比较下列各句：
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e.g. Tom won't cut the grass.（Tom refuses to cut the grass.）Tom won't be cutting the grass.
（The sentence is only a statement of fact, giving no information about Tom's intention. Perhaps Tom is away, or ill, or will be doing some other job.）
3. Make polite enquiries about other people's future plans. (委婉地询问对方的未来计划，比用will do听起来更有礼貌。)
e.g. What will you be doing tomorrow
Will you be working all day
III. The usage of the future in the past is to talk about an event which was in the future at the time when it was discussed.
Step 2: Practice(语法练习)：
I. 用所给动词的适当的过去时或将来时的形式填充。
1. Let's keep to the point or we ______ never_______ (reach) any decisions.
2. My mind wasn't on what he was saying, so I'm afraid I______ (miss) half of it.
3. I don't think Jim saw me; he _____ just ______ (start) into space.
4. I ____ (ask) you not to move my dictionary--now I can't find it.
5. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people ______ (begin) to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.
6. --George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding
--No, I ______ ______ ______(invite). Did they have a big wedding
7. Shirley _____ (write) a book about China last year but I don't know whether she has finished it.
8. John and I have been friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we _____ ______(see) each other a couple of times before that.
9. His wife _____ ______ (hope) to catch the first train but she was too late.
10. I _____ ______ (catch) in the heavy rain on the way to the cinema.
11. I found the sentence _____ ______ (not read) smoothly.
12. What he had said at the meeting _____ (prove) true.
13. ---Did you see Tom at the party
--- No. He _____ _____ (leave) by the time I arrived.
14. --- How time flies! It's already 10 o'clock.
--- Oh, I _____ _____ (not realize) it at all.
15. --- I'm sorry that I shouldn't have been so rude to you.
--- You did_____ (lose) your temper but that's OK.
II.用所给动词的适当的过去时或将来时的形式确翻译下列各句 ：
1. The thief tried to break away from the policeman who _____ _____(一直抓着) him but failed.
2. --What were you doing when Tony phoned you
--I had just finished my work and ____ _____(正准备开始)to take a shower.
3. --You were out when I dropped in at your house.
--Oh, I_____ _____(在等候)for a friend from England at the airport.
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4. --- Why haven't you asked her to come here
--- She ________(正在做工) an important experiment when I found her and she hasn't finished it.
5. --- What were you up to when she dropped in
--- I_____ _____(刚玩了一会儿)for a while and _____ _____ _____ _____(正打算看书) some reading.
6.Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ______often_____(会看到) advertisement showing happy families.
7. --- What place is it
--- Haven't you seen that we are back where we _____(回到了原地)
8. --- Tomorrow is my birthday. I'd like you and Jane to come.
--- I'm not sure if she _____ _____ (将)free.
9. The crazy fans ______ _____ ______(一直在等)patiently for two hours and they would wait till the movie star arrived.
10. You_______ _______(要求你ask) not to move the desk--now it is broken.
Keys
I. 1. will never reach 2. missed 3. was; staring 4. asked 5. began
6. hadn't been invited 7. wrote 8. had seen 9. had hoped 10. was caught
11. didn't read 12. proved 13. had left 14. didn't realize 15. lose
II. 1. was holding 2. was starting 3. was waiting 4. was doing 5. had played; was going to do 6. will; see 7. were 8. will be 9. had been waiting 10. was asked
Language poits
1. no longer (P25)
no longer: not any longer不再；再也不；
I go there no longer.
He's not longer living in Edinburgh.
She no longer needed the shoe!
no more:
1) not any more不再；再也不；不再存在；不再有更多的
There's no more water.
He will come no more.
No more pain!
I took no more (money,etc.) than I needed.
2) no sooner同 … 一样不
I could no more do that than fly.
I can no more play the violin than you can.
There were no more (fewer) than three books on the table.
He can't afford a new car,and no more can I.
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相关高考试题Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer ______ it was 20 years ago, _________ poorly equipped. (2005安徽)A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that答案及解析: 选A。此句意为，“那个学校发生了很大的变化，它已不再是20年前那个配备很差的学校了”。
2. leave for (P25) start a journey to a place
He was leaving for Guangzhou.
We are leaving for Beijing next week.
He has left for London.
相关高考试题By the time lane gets home, her aunt _______for London to attend a meeting. (2005天津)
A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. left答案及解析: 选C。此句考时态，by引导的时间状语一般与完成时连用。
3. By 1999, James had got himself a small part in a film. (P25) 到1999年，James已在一部电影里扮演一个角色。
（1）by 到什么时候
相关高考试题--- When do we need to pay the balance --- __________ September 30. (2006北京)A. In B. By C. During D. Within答案及解析: 选B。by表示“到…时候”。
（2）get
v. 1) have, have sth. 有
Nick's got blue eyes.
Have you got a timetable
I've got something to do.
I've got to write a letter.
We've got a proposal to make to you.
2) obtain, come to possess, buy, fetch, order; receive, etc. 得到；获得，买到；收到；赢得；搞到
He got an answer.
I have to get a book of history.
Did you get some bread in town
Can you get a copy for me
I got a letter from my brother yesterday.
I got a lot of presents for my birthday.
He got the highest score in this exam.
I got a lot from the story.
Let's first get them something to eat.
3) catch an illness感染（疾病）
He has got a cold.
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He worked so hard at it that he got ill.
Sarah got mumps from her brother.
4) understand sth.理解；懂
Vargas and I got the idea.
I don't get what you are saying.
5) go and bring; fetch 搬来，拿来
Get me a chair.
Please get me some water!
6) ask sb. to do sth.请某人做某事。
Can you get someone to copy this letter of thanks
Can't you get your aunt to do the cooking for you
I am going to get my hair cut.
He was anxious to get it done.
7) make
Can you get the clock going again
Have you got supper ready
I can't get this box open.
She got her book stolen.
8) have to 不得不，一定得
I've got to be off now.
Have you got to be there so early
9) come or go somewhere到; 抵达
Let's see who gets there first
When he got home, it was already dark.
Did he get to the factory at a quarter to nine
Please write to me as soon as you get to Wuhan.
The good news soon got around.
He got on his bicycle and rode off.
What time do you get off work
10) become变得；成为
The days are getting longer and longer.
Things are getting better.
The work began to get more difficult.
Seeing them, the young woman got so excited.
I've got used to this kind of life.
I got to know him in 1980.
They went in and got chatting together.
She was getting an old woman.
相关高考试题Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents ___. (2004重庆)A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry答案及解析: 选A。parents为get的宾语，worried为宾语补足语。
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4.时态：past and future tense
相关高考试题1. A poet and artist ________ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. (2006江苏) A. is B. are C. was D. were2. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4025______ at 18:20. (2006四川) A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken3. --- Your job ________ open for your return.--- Thanks. (2006北京)A. will be kept B. will keep C. had kept D. had been kept4. I won't tell the student the answer to the math problem until he ____on it for more than an hour. (2006湖北) A. has been working B. will have worked C. will have been working D. had worked5. In a room above the store, where a party__________, some workers were busily setting the table. (2006湖南)A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held6. I __________ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident __________．(2006安徽)A．went; was occurring B．went; occurredC．was going; occurred D．was going; had occurred7. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane________. (2006福建)A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off答案及解析: 1选A。 tomorrow afternoon表示将来，此处用现在进行时表示将来。又A poet and artist表示一个人，谓语动词应用单数。2选A。此题用一般现在时表示将来，表示按时刻表即将发生的动作。3选A。4选A。until引导的时间状语用现在时表示将来，所以用现在完成进行时表示“将一直”5选A。由some workers were busily setting the table知party还没举行。所以用was to 表示过去将来。6选C。一般过去时与过去进行时连用。7选B。此题用一般现在时表示将来，表示按时刻表即将发生的动作。
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