小题狂刷2017-2018学年高考英语人教版 必修1 Unit4 Earthquakes Word版含解析

人教版必修一
狂刷04
Unit4
Earthquakes
I.
根据下列汉语或首字母提示填写单词
1.When
the
second
earthquake
happened,
some
of
the
______________(营救)workers
and
doctors
were
trapped
2.Hearing
the
funny
story,
all
the
kids
b
______________out
laughing.
3.Winning
the
match
in
Olympic
Games
is
a
great
______________(事件)in
a
player’s
life.
4.S______________
were
built
for
survivors
whose
homes
had
been
destroyed
after
Wenchuan
Earthquake.
5.He
has
been
b_______________
in
the
novel
for
3
hours.
6.They
were
s_______________
at
the
news
that
he
had
cheated
so
much
money.
7.Two
churches
were
d
_______________
by
fire
last
night
in
northeast
Mississippi.
8.They
were_______________(困在)in
the
burning
building
while
they
were
shopping
under
the
ruins.
9.Dead
and_______________(受伤的)people
lay
everywhere
after
the
terrible
accident.
10.A
lot
of
buildings
lay
in
_______________(废墟)after
the
earthquake.
【参考答案】
1.
rescue
2.
burst
3.event
4.
Shelters
5.
buried

6.shocked
7.
destroyed
8.
trapped
9.
injured

10.ruins
II.单句语法填空
1.The
number
__________the
students
who
took
part
in
the
military
training
is
450.
2.I
burst
__________laughing
when
my
son
made
a
face.
3.Your
letter
got
_________(bury)
under
a
pile
of
papers
on
the
desk.
4.It
is
reported
that
in
the
earthquake
a
sixteen-year-old
girl
spent
a
whole
day
__________(dig)
out
all
nine
family
members
__________(trap)
in
the
ruins
alive.
5.In
the
village,
the
__________
(extreme)
dry
heat
weather
has
led
to
several
big
fires.
6.How
many
English
songs
had
you
learned
___________
the
end
of
last
year
7.He
was
buried
under
the
ruins
and
had
to
____________(dig)
out.
8.The
number
of
people
invited
____________(be)
eighty.
But
a
number
of
them
___________(be)
absent.
9.In
this
traffic
accident
two
boys
_________(injure).
10.The
old
man
buried
____________(he)
in
his
research.
【参考答案】
1.of
2.out
3.buried
4.digging；trapped
5.extremely
6.by
7.be
dug
8.was；were或is；are
9.were
injured
10.himself
III.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
dig
out
be
buried
in
lie
in
ruins
at
an
end
burst
into
right
away
as
if
be
trapped
in
be
shocked
at
too...
to
1.
The
police
have__________
the
body
buried
in
the
field
to
carry
out
the
test
of
DNA.
2.The
long
summer
holiday
was
_________ and
they
had
to
begin
their
study.
3.As
soon
as
the
popular
singer
appeared
on
the
stage,
the
fans
_______________cheers.
4.They
talked
______________
they
had
been
good
friends
for
many
years,
but
in
fact,
they
got
to
know
each
other
just
now.
5.He
had
thought
he
would
pass
the
exam,
but
he
______________the
result
of
the
exam.
6.Please
wait
for
a
minute.
I’ll
ring
him
up
and
ask
him
to
come
back
_____________.
7.I
____________the
lift
because
of
no
electricity,
so
I
had
to
phone
the
police
for
help.
8.The
old
castle
fell
into
parts
in
the
storm,
and
it
___________________now.
9.When
I
came
in,
he______________
playing
computer
games
in
his
study.
10.You
are
_________young__________
understand
such
things.
【参考答案】
1.dug
out
2.at
an
end
3.burst
into
4.as
if
5.was
shocked
at
6.right
away
7.was
trapped
in
8.lies
in
ruins
9.was
buried
in
10.too；to
IV.用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1.He
________(congratulate)
me
on
my
succeeding
in
winning
the
champion.
2.Let’s
give
him
our
_________(congratulate)
on
his
passing
his
driving
test.
3.He’s
travelled
to
the
__________(nation)
of
Western
Europe.
4.We
are
talking
about
___________(nation)
and
international
issues.
5.__________(frighten)
children
were
calling
for
their
mothers.
6.The
child
____________(frighten)
to
death
by
the
violent
thunderstorm.
7.We
___________(suffer)
huge
losses
in
the
financial
crisis.
8.There
is
so
much
___________(suffer)
in
this
word.
9.If
you
watch
his
__________(express)
carefully,
you
will
know
what
he
is
thinking
about.
10.The
woman
___________
(express)
her
thanks
to
the
soldier
for
saving
her
child.
【参考答案】
1.congratulated
2.congratulations
3.nations
4.national
5.Frightened
6.was
frightened
7.suffered
8.suffering
9.expression
10.expressed
I.阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
An
earthquake
is
one
of
the
most
common
natural
disasters.
It
may
cause
great
damage.
So
it
is
wise
to
learn
some
simple
safety
tips
to
protect
yourself
or
your
family
members.
Fragile
items
like
those
made
of
glass
are
easily
broken
and
should
usually
be
placed
on
a
lower
surface,
near
the
ground
instead
of
placing
them
in
the
cupboards
higher
up.
Never
place
them
near
your
bed,
sofas
and
other
furniture
where
you
would
be
sitting
or
lying
down.
When
there
is
a
strong
movement,
these
pieces
will
fall
on
the
floor
directly
and
not
on
you.
There
is
a
strong
chance
of
short
circuits
and
fire
during
an
earthquake.
Make
sure
you
turn
off
electrical
connections
and
gas
immediately
when
an
earthquake
happens.
During
an
earthquake,
lie
beneath(在……下面)
an
object
that
is
not
easily
damaged.
Do
not
go
near
objects
that
could
directly
fall
on
you.
Never
use
the
elevator
to
go
down.
Stay
inside
until
the
shaking
stops
and
it
is
safe
to
go
outside.
Research
has
shown
that
most
injuries
happen
when
people
inside
buildings
try
to
go
out.
Use
the
staircases(楼梯)
at
all
times.
If
you
are
outdoors,
do
not
take
shelter(躲避)
under
a
tree,
streetlights,
electric
poles
or
tall
buildings.
If
you
are
driving,
stop
your
car
and
stay
in
a
safe
place.
Do
not
park
your
car
under
a
tree
or
any
tall
object.
If
trapped
in
debris,
cover
your
mouth
with
a
handkerchief(手帕)
or
clothing.
Tap
on
a
pipe
or
the
wall
so
rescuers
can
find
you.
Use
a
whistle
(哨子)
if
one
is
available.
Never
shout
for
help.
Shouting
can
cause
you
to
breathe
in
dangerous
amounts
of
dust.
Do
not
light
a
match
because
you
may
burn
yourself.
Do
not
move
about
or
kick
up
dust.
1.The
purpose
of
the
passage
is
to
tell
readers
　　　.
A.
the
damage
caused
by
earthquakes
B.
the
rescue
work
after
earthquakes
C.
how
to
prevent
earthquakes
D.
what
to
do
about
earthquakes
2.The
underlined
word
"Fragile"
in
Paragraph
2
probably
means
"　　　".
A.
Easily
found
B.
Easily
broken
C.
Expensive
D.
Heavy
3.To
reduce
the
injury
from
the
earthquake,
items
made
of
glass
should
be
put
　　　.
A.in
the
cupboards
B.
on
a
lower
surface
C.in
the
bedroom
D.in
a
place
where
children
can’t
reach
them
4.During
the
earthquake,
people
are
advised
to
　　　.
A.
go
out
of
the
building
at
once
B.
drive
to
a
safe
place
quickly
C.
take
shelter
under
a
tree
D.
turn
off
electricity
and
gas
immediately
【文章大意】地震是最常见的自然灾害之一，常造成巨大的损失。本文就如何在地震中保护自己及家人提出了几则忠告。
2.B
【解析】考查词义猜测。根据画线词后的"like
those
made
of
glass
are
easily
broken"可知，画线词意思是易碎的。故选B项。
3.B
【解析】考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中的"Fragile
items...and
should
usually
be
placed
on
a
lower
surface,
near
the
ground
instead
of
placing
them
in
the
cupboards
higher
up"可知应把那些玻璃制品放置在接近地面的较低处。故选B项。
II.语法填空
Earthquakes
are
something
that
people
fear.
There
___1____（be）
some
places
that
have
few
or
no
earthquakes.
Most
places
in
the
world,
____2___,
have
them
regularly.
Countries
that
have
a
lot
of
earthquakes
are
usually
quite
___3____
(mountain).
The
most
talked
about
earthquake
in
the
United
States
was
in
San
Francisco
in
1906.
Over
700
people
died
in
____4___.
The
strongest
one
in
North
America
was
in
1964.
It
happened
in
Alaska.
Strong
earthquakes
are
not
always
____5___ones
that
kill
the
most
people.
In
1755,
one
of
the
strongest
earthquakes
ever
recorded
___6____(feel)in
Portugal,
Around
2000
people
died.
In
1923,
a
very
strong
earthquake
hit
Tokyo,
the
Yokohama
area
of
Japan.
A
hundred
and
forty
thousand
people
died,
most
of
___
7____died
in
fires
which
followed
the
earthquake.
One
of
the
worst
earthquakes
ever
was
in
China
in
1976.
It
killed
a
large
number
of
people.
The
worst
earthquake
ever
___8____(record)
was
also
in
China,
___9____which
400,000
people
were
killed
or
injured.
This
earthquake
happened
in
1556.
Earthquakes
worry
people
a
lot.
The
reason
is
___10___
we
often
do
not
know
when
they
are
coming.
People
can
not
prepare
for
it.
【文章大意】文章向我们介绍了人们对地震的恐惧及地球上发生的有记载的有影响的地震。
1.are
考查倒装结构。这是一个there
be句型。句意：有些地方几乎没有或不发生地震。主语是some
places，故谓语动词应用are。
2.however
考查副词。很显然，该句所说的"世界上很多地方经常发生地震"和上一句"有些地方几乎没有或不发生地震"是转折关系。所以用however.
3.考查词性转换。在系动词后作表语用形容词形式mountainous,意为：多山的。语境为：地震多发生在一些多山的国家。
3.mountainous
此处作表语，表示主语的情况，故用形容词形式。
4.it
考查代词。指的是1906年发生在San
Francisco的那次地震，所以用it。
5.the
考查定冠词。ones后有定语从句修饰，特指那些杀伤力强的地震。所以用定冠词the表特指。
6.was
felt
考查时态和语态。这里feel是行为动词，意为：感觉。地震是被感觉到的，并且这次地震发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
7.whom
考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。作of的宾语，代替上文的先行词people。所以用whom。
8.recorded
考查非谓语动词。record和earthquake是动宾关系，所以用过去分词表被动。The
worst
earthquake
ever
recorded意思是:曾被记载的破坏最大的地震。
9.in
考查介词。后面的which代替的是先行词"The
worst
earthquake",
所以用介词in。
10.that
考查名词性从句的引导词。引导一个表陈述的表语从句，所以用that。
III.
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
One
day,
my
cousin
told
me
about
the
importance
of
protect
the
environment.
He
asked
me
help
do
it,
too.
I
just
said,
＂I
don’t
think
my
help
is
important.＂
Hear
what
I
said,
he
was
asked,
＂How
much
does
a
snowflake
weigh ＂
I
reply
that
it
almost
weighed
nothing.
Then
he
said,
＂I
once
read
the
story.
There
were
8,865,219
snowflakes
on
a
tiny
branch.
When
the
8,865,220th
fell
into
it,
it
broke.＂
I
got
his
point
and
decided
to
do
that
I
can
to
help
protect
the
environment.
Since
you
also
think
your
effort
doesn’t
mean
anything
to
the
environment,
think
of
the
8,865,220th
snowflakes.
【参考答案】
One
day,
my
cousin
told
me
about
the
importance
of
the
environment.
He
asked
me
help
do
it,
too.
I
just
said,
＂I
don’t
think
my
help
is
important.＂
what
I
said,
he
asked,
＂How
much
does
a
snowflake
weigh ＂
I
that
it
almost
weighed
nothing.
Then
he
said,
＂I
once
read
story.
There
were
8,865,219
snowflakes
on
a
tiny
branch.
When
the
8,865,220th
fell
it,
it
broke.＂
I
got
his
point
and
decided
to
do
I
can
to
help
protect
the
environment.
you
also
think
your
effort
doesn’t
mean
anything
to
the
environment,
think
of
the
8,865,220th
.
第四处：was去掉
此处是主动语态，不是被动语态，故把was去掉。
第五处：reply改为replied
句意：我回答说它没重量。此处用一般过去时态，故把reply改为replied。
第六处：
the改为a
句意：我曾经读过一个故事。故把the改为a。
第七处：
into改为onto
fall
onto落到……上面，故把into改为onto。
第八处：
that改为what
此处是说，决定做我能做的。此处宾语从句的引导词既起引导作用又在从句中作宾语，故把that改为what。
第九处：
Since改为If
此处是说，如果你也认为你的努力对环境没什么，此处是条件状语从句，故把Since改为If。
第十处：
snowflakes改为snowflake
＂snowflake
＂前面是序数词，所以这里的名词应该用单数形式，故把snowflakes改为snowflake。
1.（2017·北京卷·单项填空）The
little
problems
______
we
meet
in
our
daily
lives
may
be
inspirations
for
great
inventions.
A.
that
B.
as
C.
where
D.
when
1.A
【解析】句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。______
we
meet
in
our
daily
lives是定语从句，从句缺少宾语，先行词是problems，用that。
2.
（2017·江苏卷·单项填空）In
1963
the
UN
set
up
the
World
Food
Programme,
one
of
____________
purposes
is
to
relieve
worldwide
starvation.
A.
which
B.
its
C.
whose
D.
whom
2.
C
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是＂the
World
Food
Programme＂，＂世界粮食项目＂的目的之一是……，whose在定语从句中作定语，这里限定purposes，故选C。
3.
（2017·天津卷·单项填空）
My
eldest
son,
___________
work
takes
him
all
over
the
world,
is
in
New
York
at
the
moment.
A.
that
B.
whose
C.
his
D.
who
3.B
【解析】本句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是My
eldest
son,
根据句意和空后名词确定引导词在从句中作定语，选项中只有whose修饰名词作定语。故选B。
4.
（2017·新课标I卷·语法填空）However,
be
careful
(care)
not
to
go
to
extremes.
Like
anything,
it
is
possible
to
have
too
much
of
both,
70
is
not
good
for
the
health.
4.which
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析可知which
is
not
good
for
the
health为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整句话。
4.
（2017·新课标II卷·短文改错）…In
their
spare
time,
they
are
interesting
in
planting
vegetables
in
their
garden,
that
is
on
the
rooftop
of
their
house…
第一处：interesting改为interested：考查形容词，由于此句的主语是人，而interesting的主语是物，故将interesting改为interested。
第二处：that改为which:考查非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句需要用which引导，故将that改为which。
5
（2017·新课标III卷·语法填空）…But
Sarah,
64
has
taken
part
in
shows
along
with
top
models,
wants
to
prove
(prove)
that
she
has
brains
as
well
as
beauty.
5.who
【解析】考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为Sarah，指人，要用who。
6.（2016

天津卷）I
was
wearing
a
seatbelt.
If
I
hadn’t
been
wearing
one,
I
______.
A.
were
injured
B.
would
be
injured
C.
had
been
injured
D.
would
have
been
injured
7.（2016

北京卷）My
grandfather
still
plays
tennis
now
and
then,
_________
he’s
in
his
nineties.
A.as
long
as
B.as
if
C.
even
though
D.in
case
7.
C【解析】考查状语从句。句意：即使是九十多岁了，我的爷爷仍然可以时不时地打打网球。as
long
as只要，引导条件句；as
if似乎，引导方式状语从句；even
though即使，引导让步状语从句；in
case以防，引导目的状语从句。这里是转折关系，故选C。
8.（2016
天津卷）You
are
waiting
at
a
wrong
place.
It
is
at
the
hotel
______
the
coach
picks
up
tourists.
A.
who
B.
which
C.
where
D.
that
8.D
【解析】句意：你正在一个错误的地方等待。大客车是在旅店接送游客的。使用强调句，结构是：It
is/was+强调部分+that+其余部分，如果强调部分是人，也可以用who，这句话强调的是地点状语at
the
hotel。故选D。
9.（2016

江苏卷）Many
young
people,
most
______were
well-educated,
headed
for
remote
regions
to
chase
their
dreams.
A.
of
which
B.
of
them
C.
of
whom
D.
of
those
10.（2016

北京卷）I
live
next
door
to
a
couple
______
children
often
make
a
lot
of
noise.
A.
whose
B.
why
C.
where
D.
which
10.
A
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。a
couple是先行词，children和couple是所属关系，故用whose作定语，whose
children相当于the
children
of
whom，故选A。
11.（2016

浙江卷）Scientists
have
advanced
many
theories
about
why
human
beings
cry
tears,
none
of
______
has
been
proved.
A.
whom
B.
which
C.
what
D.
that
11
B
【解析】句意：关于人类为什么哭的时候会流泪，科学家已经提出了很多理论，没有一个被证明了。此句为定语从句，先行词是theories，指物，定语从句用＂代词+介词+关系代词which＂引导。故选B。