高三英语第一轮复习教案（模块六第四单元）
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| 名称 | 高三英语第一轮复习教案（模块六第四单元） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2010-10-27 14:59:00 | ||
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Module 6 Unit 4
新课标单词
ambassador n. 大使
operate vt. 操作，运作；动手术
honour vt. 使…感到荣耀，给…荣誉，尊敬
purpose n. 目的，意图
co-operate vi合作
touch vt. 触及，涉及
peacekeeping adj. 维持和平的
operation n. 军事行动；操作，实施
conflict n. 冲突
worthy adj. 令人敬重的；值得的，相称的；有价值的
voluntary adj. 志愿的；自愿的；主动的
awareness n. 意识
draw vt. 吸引，引起
sum n. 数目，总数
fund n. 资金，基金
urgent adj. 紧急的，紧迫的
lack n. 缺乏
poverty n. 贫穷，贫困
earthquake n. 地震
typhoon n. 台风
civilian adj. 平民的，民间的 n. 平民
remote adj. 遥远的，偏僻的
accessible adj. 可接近的，可得到的
frustrated adj. 沮丧的，懊恼的
conscience n. 良心，良知
reference n. 谈及，提到；指称；查阅，
funding n.提供资金，提供基金
aspect n. （问题等的）方面
precious adj. 宝贵的，珍贵的
remind vt. 提醒，使想起
charity n. 慈善，施舍
collection n. 捐款；收藏，收藏品，集
face vt. 面对，面临 vi. 朝，向
mountainous adj. 多山的
expense n. 开销，花费；，费用，代价
somewhat adv. 稍微，有点
source n. 来源；消息来源；原始材料
fuel n. 燃料
pump n. 泵，抽水机 vt. （用泵）抽
container n. 容器；集装箱
fetch vt. 取来，去拿来
break down 出故障，抛锚
hardship n. 艰苦，困苦，辛苦
basic adj. 基本的 n. 基础，基本要素
roof n. 屋顶，房顶；顶
occupation n. 职业；占用
force vt. 强迫，强制，迫使
farm vt. 耕种
protein n. 蛋白质
malnutrition n. 营养不良
means n. 手段，方法
commitment n. 承诺，保证；投入，奉献
chaos n. 混乱
flee vi ＆ vt逃跑，逃避
unusable adj. 不可用的，不能用的
famine n. 饥荒
outbreak n. （战争，疾病等的）爆发
typhoid n. 伤寒
colleague n. 同事
vacant adj. 空缺的
temporary adj. 临时的，暂时的
clinic n. 诊所，医务室
medication n. 药物治疗，药物
cut n. 伤口，切口
bacteria n. （复数）细菌
meanwhile adv. 同时，其间
shelter n. 住所；藏身之处
staff n. 全体员工
comfort n.＆vt.安慰
individual adj. 个人的，个体的，个别的，单独的
课文出现短语
1. around the world
2. international aids
3. go wrong
4. keep the peace
5. a shortage of food
6. cause sb. to do sth.
7. live in poverty
8. in real life
9. people in need
10. belong to the UN
11. a UN Goodwill ambassador
12. give a speech
13. be pleased to do sth.
14. have the chance to do sth.
15. refer to sb. / sth.
16. be made up of
17. mean to do sth. / doing sth.
18. be honoured to do sth.
19. take on this role
20. set up / about doing / down / out to do
21. be based on
22. develop friendly relations with sb.
23. co-operate in doing sth.
24. promote respect for human rights
25. as you know
26. touch the lives of people everywhere
27. be involved in
28. with the help of sb.
29. worthy organizations
30. be worth doing sth. = be worthy of being done
31. assist the victims of wars
32. in addition (to)
33. protect sb. from doing sth.
34. prevent sb .from doing sth .
35. child labour
36. record sth.= make records of
37. be aware of sth. / make sb aware of
38. draw one’s attention=draw the attention of sb.
39. add sth. to sth. / add up / add up to
40. under the umbrella of
41. apart from
42. meet eight development goals
43. be available to sb.
44. look sth. up in a dictionary / on a website
45. express one’s opinion
46. be meant to do sth .
47. a successful businesswoman
48. on behalf of
49. work in remote places
50. be connected to / with
51. specialized agencies
52. loan money to sb.
53. set a standard for
54. aim to sth.
55. eliminate problems
56. can’t afford expense
57. be lack of
58. recommend doing sth.
59. break down
60. basic equipment
61. force sb. to do sth.
62. farm the land
63. suffer from malnutrition
64. be in chaos
65. be in a mess
66. put on weight
67.look out for
68. be concerned about/for
69. get hold of
70. remind sb. of sth
71. remind sb. to do sth.
72. communicate with sb.
73. think back to
74.be proud of = take pride in
75. make a difference
76. put sth. into action
77. from place to place
78. die from
79. if only
80. in honour of
一．单词应用
根据单词的首字母或汉语意思填写正确单词，注意形式变化。
1. I rang Joan and r ________ her that the conference had been cancelled.
2. It was an unpopular policy and caused a number of c _________ within the party.
3. It happened in the r_________ past, so no one worries about it any more.
4. She does v_________ work for the Red Cross two days a week.
5. You didn’t do anything wrong—you should have a clear c_______. .
6. The most _________（紧急的） thing in a fire is to make sure everyone is out
of the building.
7. Public __________ （意识） of the problem will make politicians take it seriously.
8. Could you _________ （取） me my glasses from the other room, please
9. We expect the new scheme to come into __________（运作） early next year.
10. The _________ （目的） of the research is to try and find out more about the causes of the disease.
11. My english teacher often_______ (鼓励)us to speak English in and out of class.
12.In addition, the UN helps protect human rights and works to improve international laws, for example, those on child__________(劳力)
二．词型转换
1、operate--___________(n.) 2、honour--___________(adj)
3、worthy--__________(n.) 4、voluntary -- __________(n.)
5、awareness--__________(adj.) 6、collection --__________(adj.)
7、commitment--__________(v.) 8、comfort--__________(adj)
9. temporary--________(adv.)________(反)
三．选词填空
get hold of, focus on, remind… of , in chaos, be involved in , break down, on behalf ofconcentrate on, take on, under the umbrella of
1. The house was ________after the party. It took Tom three days to clean it up.
2. It is important not to ______ the past,. We also have to live in the present and look to the future.
3. It is also impossible to________ a ticket for tonight’s concert. It sold out three days ago.
4. The smell of freshly-baked bread always ________ me _______my days in France.
5. He _______ no longer ______ the work here because he has retired
6. I’d like to,_______ the general manager, thank you for all your support to our company.
7.If you want to achieve high grades in your exams, you must ______ｗｈat the teacher say in class.
8. His good education abroad enables him to _______ that position.
9. The small island was _____Britain before it gained its independence in1970.
10. If your bike ________ on the way to the village, can you repair it by yourself
四．句型结构
课文重点短语与高考
1. I am pleased to have this chance today to talk to you about the United Nations or the UN, as it is more often referred to. (P50) 我很高兴今天有机会跟大家谈谈联合国， 也叫UN---这个名称在英语里更为常用。
as
conj. it means “in the way or manner that”.
As I said in my last letter, I’m taking the exam in July.
David, as you know, is a photographer.
相关高考试题The Beatles, ________many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. (2006 天津) A. what B. that C. how D. as答案: D
refer
v. refer to sb./ sth. phrasal verb
1）to talk or write about someone or sth., especially briefly: 涉及，提到
In her autobiography she occasionally refers to her unhappy schooldays.
He always refers to the house as his "refuge".
The new salary scale only refers to company managers and directors.
2）refer sb. to sth. phrasal verb
to direct someone or sth. to a different place or person for information, help or action, often to a person or group with more knowledge or power:托付，交付
My doctor referred me to a hospital specialist.
The High Court has referred the case to the Court of Appeal.
3）refer (sb.) to sth. phrasal verb
to look at, or tell someone else to look at, a book or similar record in order to find information and help:参考
She spoke for an hour without once referring to her notes.
He referred to a history book to find out the dates of the French Revolution.
The reader is constantly referred back to the introduction.
reference
n. [C or U] a mention of sth.:提及,涉及
Knowing what had happened, I avoided making any reference to (= mentioning) weddings.
I am writing with/in reference to (= in connection with) your letter of 15 March.
[C]a writer or a book, article, etc. that is mentioned in a piece of writing, showing you where the author found their information 参考书
相关高考试题1. Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isn’t much help when it shopping and eating. (2006 天津)A. refers to B. speaks of C. focuses on D. comes to2. The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ________his notes. (2005浙江) A. bringing up B. referring to C. looking for D. trying on答案及解析: 1. D. when it comes to… 谈到,说到……2. B. refer to his notes参考他的笔记
2. I feel very honored to have been to take on his role.(P50) 能够担当这一角色，我感到非常荣幸。
honor
n. [U] a quality that combines respect, pride and honesty:荣誉,荣耀
a man of honour
We fought for the honour of our country.
in honour of sb./ sth. in order to celebrate or show great respect for someone or sth.:为了纪念……;为了表示对……的敬意
a banquet in honour of the president
[C] a reward, prize or title that publicly expresses admiration or respect:荣耀的人或事; 荣幸
She received an honour for her services to the community.
He was buried with full military honours (= with a special celebration to show respect).
It’s a great honour to be invited.
[sing] a person or thing that brings credit to sth/sb 给某物(人)添光的人或事物
an honour to sth/sb
v.
to show great respect for someone or sth., especially in public:尊敬,给予荣幸
He was honoured for his bravery.
We are honoured (= proud and happy) to have you here tonight.
to give someone public praise or a reward: 给某人以荣誉
He was honoured with a knighthood.
honourable
adj. honest and fair, or deserving praise and respect: 光荣的,荣耀的,应享受荣誉的
an honourable person
honourably
adv.
They acted honourably and returned the wallet.
take on
take sth. on (BEGIN)
phrasal verb: to begin to have a particular quality: 开始
Her voice took on a troubled tone.
take sth. on (ACCEPT)
phrasal verb: to accept a particular job or responsibility: 承担工作或责任
She took too much on and made herself ill.
take sb. on (EMPLOY)
phrasal verb: to employ someone: 雇佣某人
She was taken on as a laboratory assistant.．
take sb. on (FIGHT)
phrasal verb: to compete against or fight someone: 与某人竞争,斗争
The Government took on the unions and won.
take 常用短语take after sb. 相貌或性格像…
take sth. away 送走,拿走take back 取回;归还,退货;使…回忆起take down 拿下;拆毁,拆散;写下,记下take in 拿进;吸入;了解;欺骗,蒙骗;把衣服改小take off 移开,除；成功；脱掉:起飞:休息;减去,减价take out 携出,拿出; 除去,拔去take over 继承,接管take up 拿起,举起: 占(时间,地点);开始(工作,兴趣);继续(中断的话)
He takes after his mother/his mother's side of the family.
Take these chairs away - we don't need them.
Supermarkets are taking business away from small local shops.
Is it too small Take it back and get a refund.
That piece of music really took me back (to my schooldays).
He took down my address and phone number and said he'd phone back.
I had to read the letter twice before I could take it all in.
It was an interesting exhibition, but there was too much to take in at once.
I can't believe she was taken in by him.
I'll have to take this dress in at the waist - it's too big.
He took off his clothes and got into the bath.
Her singing career had just begun to take off.
I've had a tooth taken out.
The company he works for has recently been taken over.
This desk takes up too much room.
Too much of this report is taken up with out-of-date figures.
Ian took up (= continued) the story where Sue had left off.
相关高考试题Helen always helps her mother even though going to school ________ most of her day. (2003北京)A. takes up B. makes up C. saves up D. puts up答案及解析：A. take up most of her day占据她一天中的大部分时间。
3. So when was the United Nations set up 那么， 联合国是什么时候成立的呢？
set sth. up
phrasal verb [M] 1) to formally establish a new company, organization, system, way of working, etc:建立
A committee has been set up to organize social events in the college.
She plans to set up her own business.
They've set up a fund for victims of the earthquake.
2) to arrange for an event or activity to happen: 安排，布置
We need to set up a meeting to discuss the proposals.
The government has agreed to set up a public enquiry.
set常用短语set about 散布谣言等；着手工作 set aside 保留，储存；忽视，不顾set down 放下，卸下；写下，记下 set off 出发，启程；引爆，使爆炸set out 出发，动身；着手做 set sb. a good example 给某人树立一个榜样set sth. on fire/set fire to sth. 纵火烧 set foot in/on 踏上
I tried to apologize, but I think I set about it the wrong way.
What time will we have to set off for the station tomorrow
Jenny set off down the road on her new bike.
You should be setting a good example to your younger brother.
A peace campaigner had set herself on fire in protest at the government's involvement in the war.
He refuses to set foot in an art gallery.
相关高考试题For all these years I have been working for others. I’m hoping I’ll ________ my own business someday. (2006 江西)A. turn up B. fix up C. set up D. make up答案及解析：选C. turn up找到， 出现，调大； fix up 修补，解决；make up编造，组成，化装。
4．The UN is based on a chart that has four main purpose:…(P50) 该宪章确立了联合国的四大宗旨， 即：……
base
n. [C] 1) the bottom part of an object, on which it rests, or the lowest part of sth.:根基,底座
a crystal glass with a heavy base
At the base of the cliff was a rocky beach.
This cream provides an excellent base for your make-up (= a good bottom layer on which other layers can be put).
2) the activity or people from which someone or sth. gets most of their support, money, etc: 基础
A strong economy depends on a healthy manufacturing base.
We're aiming to expand our customer base.
Where is your firm based
He was based in (= He lived in or was at a military establishment in) Birmingham during the war.
base sth. on sth.
phrasal verb
If you base something on facts or ideas, you use those facts or ideas to develop it:
The film is based on a short story by Thomas Mann.
4. As you know, the UN touches the lives of people everywhere. （P50） 如你所知， 联合国触及世界各地每个人的生活。
touch
vi. or vt. to move especially the hand or another part of the body lightly onto and off sth. or someone: 碰触，接触
That paint is wet - don't touch (it).
He touched the girl on the arm to get her attention.
The child touched the worm with a twig.
FIGURATIVE The setting sun touched the trees with red (= made them appear red for a short time).
vt. INFORMAL If you say you do not touch a food or drink, you mean that you never eat or drink it: 不吃（食物，饮料等）
No thanks, I never touch chocolate/alcohol.
Honestly, I haven't touched a drop (= drunk any alcohol) all night.
n . [U] the ability to know what sth. is like by feeling it with the fingers: 触觉
the sense of touch
I found the right coin in the dark by touch.
n. [C usually singular] a quick light movement of one thing, especially a hand, onto and off another thing: 接触，碰触
I felt a cold touch on my arm.
At a/the touch of a button, the door opened.
相关高考试题---Ow! I’ve burnt myself!---How did you do that (2005浙江)--- I ______ a hot pot.A. touched B. kept C. felt D. held答案及解析：A. touch表触摸。因触摸锅被烫伤。feel 表示触摸时，指有意识地触摸某物。
5．The organization is involved in peacekeeping operations to help end some of the world’s most horrible conflicts.(P50) 该组织参与维和行动， 以帮助解决世界上大部分的激烈争端。
involve
v. 1) to cause to become connected 牵连，牵涉
The serious incident involved a group of youths.
to make sb. take part in sth. 参加，加入
should involve themselves in their children’s education.
involve sb. in 把某人牵涉到某事里
be involved in 涉及
6. This will increase people’s awareness of the work of the UN. (P51) 这会提高人们对联合国工作的意识。
awareness
n. [U] 意识，认识
Public awareness of the problem will make politicians take it seriously.
Environmental awareness has increased dramatically over the past decade.
aware
adj. [after verb] 意识到knowing that something exists, or having knowledge or experience of a particular thing:
[+ that] I wasn't even aware that he was ill.
Were you aware of the risks at the time
She was well (= very) aware that he was married.
"Has Claude paid the phone bill " "Not as far as I'm aware." (= I don't think so)
I suddenly became aware of (= started to notice) him looking at me.
7. In addition, my visits will encourage people working on the projects and draw local people’s attention to the situation. (P51) 此外， 我的访问还会鼓励那些致力于联合国各种项目的人，吸引当地人民对相关情形的注意力。
in addition (to) = besides
I met my past teacher and some classmates in addition in the supermarket.
In addition to cakes and candies, guests were also provided with fruits.
attention
n. 1) [U] notice, thought or consideration: 注意
Ladies and gentlemen, could I have your attention, please
They're organizing a campaign to draw people's attention to the environmentally harmful effects of using their cars.
He likes being the centre of attention (= having a lot of people notice him)
I knocked on the window to get/attract/catch her attention (= make her notice me).
After an hour, my attention started to wander (= I stopped taking notice).
Don't pay any attention to (= take any notice of) Nina - she doesn't know what she's talking about.
If you don't pay attention (= listen carefully) now, you'll get it all wrong later.
Wait a moment and I'll give you my full/undivided attention (= I'll listen to and think about only you).
Many countries are starting to turn their attention to (= to consider) new forms of energy.
2) specially in the armed forces) a way of standing, with the feet together, arms by your sides, head up and shoulders back and not moving: 立正
soldiers standing at/to attention
attend
vi. FORMAL to give attention to what someone is saying: 仔细倾听
I'm afraid I wasn't attending to what was being said.
attentive
adj. listening carefully: 仔细倾听地
an attentive audience
8．…and add it to a sum of money the government gives them.(P51) 。。。将这些钱和政府资助给她们的一笔钱加在一起。
add
vi. or vt. to put sth. with sth. else to increase the number or amount or to improve the whole: 加入，相加
If you add (= calculate the total of) three and four you get seven.
Beat the butter and sugar together and slowly add the eggs.
She's added a Picasso to her collection.
Her colleagues' laughter only added to (= increased) her embarrassment.
[+ that] She was sad, she said, but added (= said also) that she felt she had made the right decision.
[+ speech] "Oh, and thank you for all your help!" he added as he was leaving.
It's $45 - $50 if you add in (= include) the cost of postage.
Don't forget to add on your travelling expenses/add your expenses on.
add (sth.) up
phrasal verb [M] to calculate the total of two or more numbers: 相加，加起来
If you add those four figures up, it comes to over 500.
She added the bill up.
I'm not very good at adding up!
add up to sth.
phrasal verb 总计， 合计
to become a particular amount:
The various building programmes add up to several thousand new homes.
We thought we'd bought lots of food, but it didn't add up to much when we'd spread it out on the table.
add up to sth.
phrasal verb to have a particular result or effect:
It all added up to a lot of hard work for all of us.
Their proposals do not add up to any real help for the poor.
added
adj. extra: 额外的
He had the added disadvantage of being the only man present.
She lost her job last week, and now added to that she's pregnant again.
addition
n. [C or U]
Twice a week the children are tested in basic mathematical skills such as addition (= calculating the total of different numbers put together) and subtraction.
Most working environments are improved by the addition of (= adding) a few plants and pictures.
A secretary would be a welcome/useful addition to our staff.
In addition to his flat in London, he has a villa in Italy and a castle in Scotland.
HUMOROUS I hear you're expecting a small addition to the family (= you are going to have a baby)!相关高考试题There have been several new events ________ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. (2006北京) A. add B. to add C. adding D. added答案：D
9. Apart from the urgent problems caused by wars and conflicts, the UN helps countries with other problems such as lack of education, lack of food, poverty, disasters and disease. （P51）和冲突所引起的各种紧急问题外， 联合国还帮助解决其成员国的其他问题。
apart from
except for or not considering: 除了……，除了……还有
He works until nine o'clock every evening, and that's quite apart from the work he does over the weekend.
Apart from the salary/Salary apart, it's not a bad job.
Apart from you and me/You and me apart, I don't think there was anyone there under thirty.
tell sth./sb. apart
phrasal verb to be able to see the difference between two very similar things or people: 分辨，区分
As babies, the twins were so alike that I just couldn't tell them apart.
10. on behalf of (P53)
representing; instead of: 代表，代替
On behalf of the entire company, I would like to thank you for all your work.
Unfortunately, George cannot be with us today so I am pleased to accept this award on his behalf.
Please don't leave on my behalf (= because of me).
1. When there is a shortage of food, there is a famine.
2. I feel very honoured to have been able to take on this role.
3. As you know, the UN touches the lives of people everywhere.
4. One of the goals is to ensure that fresh drinking water is available to everyone.
5. From what you have said, it is clear that UNICEF would not be so popular had it not been done so much for children.
6. There is mud and water everywhere, making it difficult to travel from place to place.
7. One good thing here is that many people can speak English and French.
8. Well, time flies! It is as if we had only talked for a minute!
练习
1.The UN is an international group _______ _______ ________（由……组成） countries that want to increase peace.
2. I feel much honored to have been able to _____ ______ ______ ______（担当这一角色）.
3. The organization______ _______ ________ （参与）peacekeeping operations to help end some of the world’s most horrible conflicts.
4. One of the goals is _____ _____ _____ ______ _____ ______ _____ _____ _____ ____ .（保证每个人都能享受到新鲜的饮用水）
5.For more information, you may like to_____ it ______ （浏览）on the UN website.
6.A Goodwill Ambassador can also _____ people_____ _____(使……意识到) how they can help people ______ ______.(需要)
7. It is clear that UNICEF would not be so popular _____ ______ ______ ______ _______ ____ _____ ______. (如果没为孩子们做这么多事)
8.The hospital is ____ _____（受到严重破坏）and ____ _____ _____（一片混乱）.
9. There is mud and water everywhere, _____ _____ ______ _____ ____ _____ ______ _____ ______（让此地到彼地的行程变得很困难）.
10. We need to bury the dead bodies ____ ______ ______ ______ _______ _______ _____
五．语法应用（虚拟语气）
详细解释见高三英语第一轮复习教案语法七——虚拟语气
使用虚拟语气的六种特殊情况
一、含蓄条件句
1．条件暗含在短语中。
It would be easier to do it this way.
这样做会比较容易。（条件暗含在不定式短语to do it this way 中）
2．条件暗含在上下文中。
We would have succeeded.
我们本来是会成功的。（可能暗含if we had kept trying）
3．在不少情况下，虚拟式已变成习惯说法，很难找出其暗含的条件。
He told the story in such minute detail that he might himself have been an eye-witness.
他将那事讲的非常仔细，简直就像是他亲眼看见一样。
二、连词if 的省略
在书面语中，条件从句可以不用连词if而将谓语中的过去式were, had 或should 等移至主语之前。
Were you in my position, you would do the same. 假如你处在我的地位，你也会这样干的。
Had he been in your position, he’d probably have done the same.
假如他处在你的地位，他可能也会这样干的。
三、错纵时间虚拟语气
当条件从句与结果主句所表的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。
If I had spoken to him yesterday, I should know what to do now.
假如昨天我对他说了，现在我就知道该怎么办了。
如条件从句用if I were… 结果主句则可用表任何时间的虚拟形式。
If I were not busy, I would have come.假如我不忙，我就会去了。（were 表过去）
If I were you, I would go.假如我是你，我会去的。（were 表现在）
四、省去非真实条件句的虚拟语气
非真实条件句如省去结果主句，则常表示一种不可能实现的愿望。这种条件句常用if only 来引导。
If only you would listen to reason.你如听从道理就好了。
If only I could smash the ground with my fist and make the oil flow!
我真想用我的拳头从地里打出油来啊！
五、不用if 引导的条件从句
非真实条件句的条件从句除用if引导外，还可用when, unless, lest, suppose, as if, as though, for fear, in case, on condition 等词语来引导。
In case I forget, please remind me of my promise. 如果我忘了，请提醒我的诺言。
Susan is walking slowly as if she were tired. 苏珊走得很慢，就像是累了似的。
六、从句中的虚拟语气
1. 用于主语从句，其谓语用should +动词原形（或should +have +过去分词）或只用动词原形（尤其是美国英语）。should 在此是助动词，本身并无实义。这种主语从句由连词that 所引导，常用在it is (was) important (necessary, desirable, imperative, advisable) that… 句型中。
It is important that we should speak politely. 我们说话要有礼貌，这是很重要的。
It is imperative that we should practice criticism, and self-criticism.应当进行批评与自我批评。
这种主语从句还常用It is (was) desired (suggested, settled, proposed, requested, decided, etc.) that… 句型中。
It is desired that this rule shall be brought to the attention of the staffs.
希望这条规则引起全体职员的注意。（shall 在当代英语中已较少见）
2．用于宾语从句，一种是用作动词wish 宾语的从句，表示愿望，常省去连词that。这种从句的谓语动词可用过去式，表示与现在事实相反；亦可用过去完成式，表示与过去事实相反。
We wish you had come to our New Year’s party.我们真希望你来参加了我们的新年联欢会。
宾语从句的谓语如是would +动词原形，则是一种常用的希望。
I wish you would stay a little longer. 我希望你再待一会儿。
也可以用would rather, would sooner 等表示愿望，但其宾语从句常用虚拟过去式。
I’d sooner she left the heavy end of the work to some one else.
我宁愿她把重活留给别人。
另一种是谓语用should+动词原形或只用动词原形的that 从句作为demand, suggest, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire 等动词的宾语。
He suggested that we should leave early.他建议我们早点动身。
The detective insisted that he should have a lock.警探坚持要查看。
有些动词，如think, expect, believe, 其否定式的宾语从句亦可用should +动词原形。
I never thought he should refuse.我万没有想到他会拒绝。
还有一种是用作某些形容词或相当于形容词的过去分词的宾语的that 从句，其谓语是should +have +过去分词。
I’m ashamed you should have done such a thing.
我真感到羞耻，你竟会做这种事情。（省去了that）
3．用于表语从句, 由that (可省去) 所引导，其谓语是should +动词原形。句子主语常常是suggestion, proposal, idea, motion 等名词。
My suggestion is that we should tell him.我的建议是我们应该告诉他。
Our only request is that this should be settled as soon as possible.
我们唯一的请求就是尽快解决这个问题。
4．虚拟语气用于同位语从句中。
There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.
有一项建议是布朗应该离队。
5．定语从句中的虚拟语气
It’s time后的定语从句中通常用虚拟语气，即从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来，有时也用过去进行时或“should + 动词原形（should不能省）”，其意为“（早）该干某事了”。
It’s time that he studied hard.= It’s time that he should study hard.
他学习该用功了。
time 前有时有about, high等修饰。
It’s high time you bought a new car. 你该买新车了。
另外，与其他虚拟语气结构不同，这种结构不能在该用was的地方换成were。
It’s time I was in bed. 我该上床了。（不用were）
训练题
1.——Did you submit(递交）your application for a Master’s degree(硕士学位）？
——Not yet. If I_____ to see my father, I would have.”
A. didn’t go B. haven’t gone C. wouldn’t have gone D. hadn’t gone
2.——Why didn’t Tom give you one of his paintings
——I didn’t want one, but he would have given me one if I ____.
A. Do B. would C. will D. had
3.——Do you think the thief entered through the garage door
——No, if he had, I don’t believe _____broken the living room window.
A. would he have B. he had C. he would have D. he has
4._______I’d have told you.
A. If I would have known it B. If I had have known it
C. Had I know it D. Should I know it
5. I ____come yesterday, but I couldn’t.
A. was to have B. must C. ought D. have to
6.——It is raining, and I have no umbrella.
——Here’s mine, and I insist ____it.
A. you to take B. that you take C. that you taking D. you taking
7. The professor gave orders that the test ____before 5:30.
A. be finished B. will finish C .will be finished D. shall finish
8. I must go there earlier. John has suggested that I _____an hour before the discussion begins.
A. go B. shall go C. will go D. would go
9. I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I ____there.
A. was B. were C. had been D. went
10. She speaks as if she ____on the spot.
A. was B. were C. had been D. is
11. If I ______ten years younger, I _____ very happy.
A. were, would be B. am, shall be C. were, shall be D. am, would be
12.—— You can ask your brother for help.
—— He is not at home. If he ____, I _____.
A. is, would B. were, would C. is, will D. were, will
13. If you ____the doctors advice, you would have already recovered.
A. follow B. followed C. would follow D. had followed
14. If he had not missed the train, he _____by then.
A. might get B. might have got C. got D. had got
15. What would you have done last night, if you _____to write your homework.
A. hadn’t B. haven’t had C. didn’t have D. hadn’t had
16. —— Did you catch the plane
——No. if I had hurried, I ______.
A. would B. would have C. could D. did
17. Why didn’t you tell him the truth If I _____you, I would have.
A. were B. had been C. am D. would be
18.——How do you like the party
——Wonderful. If you had come with us, you ____a good time.
A. had B. had had C. would have D. would have had
19. If I _____out of my ink, I would have finished writing the paper.
A. didn’t run B. shouldn’t run C. haven’t run D. hadn’t run
20. If you _____early tomorrow morning, you would be there by noon.
A. have started B. were started C. were to start D. had started
21.——Did you hand in your application for a league member
——Not yet. If I _____to see my father, I would have.
A. didn’t go B. haven’t gone C. wouldn’t have gone D. hadn’t gone
22.——Why didn’t Tom give you one of his paintings
——I didn’t want one, but he would have given me one if I _____.
A. do B. would C. will D. had
23.——Do you think the thief entered through the garage door
——No, if he had, I don’t believe ____broken the living room window.
A. would he have B. he had C. he would have D. he has
24.______I’d have told you.
A. If I would have known it B. If I had have known it
C. Had I known it D. should I know it
25. I ____come yesterday, but I couldn’t.
A. was to have B. must C. ought D. have to
六．翻译句子
1.没有人想要接受这个挑战，太危险了。
2.他帮助我们建立了新公司。
3.可以从秘书办公室拿到票。
4.如果你参观教堂，我建议你坐地铁去。
5.通往那个村庄的唯一途径就是坐小船去。
6.医疗队建立了一座临时康复中心来照料伤员。
7.运动能对你的身体状况起很大作用。
8.正是墙上的照片使我想起我在海边度过的童年时代。
七．单项选题
1. —We _________ to have you here tonight.
—Thank you and it is __________ for me to be invited.
A. honour; honourable B. honour; an honour
C. are honoured; honourable D. are honoured; an honour
2. Though _________ money, his parents still managed to send him to university.
A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in
3. This event not only promoted _____of world hunger, but also raised lot of money to help starving children.
A information B. knowledge C. instruction D. awareness
4. If I am not ___________ when you phone, ask for my brother.
A. available B. able C. spare D. busy
5. —Do you really want to go out
—It may rain.___________, I shall go out; I don’t mind the rain.
A. Anyway B. Otherwise C. Somehow D. Somewhat
6. They take little interest in a ________ far from their homes and _____ from their everyday problems.
A. debate; far B. conflict; remote C. fight; distant D. discussion; away
7. Does it make any ________ whether we leave at 9:00 or at 10:00
A. difference B. time C. different D. point
8. The lock in my bag _________ me of not locking my closet.
A. recalled B. remembered C. reminded D. told
9. It’s _________ sparing yourself some time to do physical exercise under such considerable learning pressure.
A. very worth B. well worthy of C. well worth D. much worth
10. _________ environmental damage is done, it will take many years for the ecosystem
to recover.
A. If only B. Even if C. While D. Once
11. _________ the occasional visit, what else does Alan do for his kids
A. Except B. In spite of C. Apart from D. Beside
12. Good ways of doing things mean saving time, and _______ it is important for us to find them.
A. meanwhile B. otherwise C. however D. therefore
13. It was foolish of him to ________ his notes during that important test, and as a result, he got punished.
A. refer to B. stick to C. come to D. turn to
14. As civilization__________, more and more people have realized the importance of preserving rare animals from extinction.
A. stretches B. expands C. extends D. spreads
15. Changes are being introduced to make the department ___________ .
A. operating quickly B. going quickly
C. operate more efficiently D. go more efficiently
16. Farmers have to _________ more workers during the harvest and even so, some of them usually _________ after the harvest.
A. take on; break down B. take on; break up
C. take off; break down D. take off; break up
八．Reading strategy
Understanding a speaker’s attitude
People giving a speech on a topic usually express their opinion or attitude even if the speech is meant to give information rather than opinions. They can indirectly express a favorable opinion by speaking in an enthusiastic tone and using positive adjectives to describe things, e.g., I am pleased to have been chosen to be a Goodwill for them. The speaker can also highlight the positive aspects of the topics. Understanding the opinion or attitude of the speaker can increase comprehension of a speech.
九．课文复述
1．Passage A（Reading）
The United Nations
When it was ___1__ up after the Second World War in October 1945
Countries in the UN (originally ) 51 countries
(recently) 191 countries
___2_____ it dealt with helps end some of the world’s most horrible ___4___ ; __5___ the victims of wars and disasters; protects human rights; improves international laws; helps with other problems such as lack of education, lack of food, poverty, disasters and disease.
Its four main ___3____ to keep international _6___ to __7___ friendly relationships among nations to cooperate in solving international problems and in promoting ___8____ for human rights to be a centre for organizing the actions or work of different nations
Goals it promises to achieve by 2015 eight goals, one of which is to ensure that fresh drinking water is __9____ to everyone and another is that all children __10__ primary education
The United Nation was founded in Oct. 1954 by 51 countries. Today there are about 191 countries in the word that have the memberships of the UN. It plays a leading role in many ways. For example, it borrows soldiers from different countries to keep international peace. Led by the organizations of the UN, 191 different countries work together to solve international problems and to keep peace to develop friendly relationships among nations. Through these actions, the UN brings everyone in different countries close together.
2．Passage B（Project）
I arrived here to find everything was in ___1___. This is a ___2__ different experience for me. We are very __3____ about the outbreak of water-borne diseases such as malaria and typhoid. Besides many health problems, in the rest of the city, shelter and _4_____ to food and clean water are big problems. When I ___5____ with people, I find that my job is not____6___ to being a nurse. This experience makes me ___7____ all the things I have and gives me the chance to see things from another side. I am __8____ that I can help here and there, and make a ___9___ to people’s lives on an ___10____ level.
十．Writing （作文）
下表是对某中学高三一班50个学生健康问题的调查表。请根据表格内容，综述学生当前存在的健康问题，并就中学生如何保持身心健康提出自己的建议。
问题类型 学习焦虑 逆反心理 缺乏交往 睡眠不足 缺乏锻炼 视力不佳
人数 35 20 15 40 25 35
比例 70％ 40％ 30％ 80％ 50％ 70％
词数要求: 120-150
___________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
十一 任务型阅读
阅读下篇短文，然后根据短文内容在表格的每空处填一个恰当的词。
Some people believe that greed and selfishness has become the basis of modern society, and we should return to the old traditions of family and community then we will have a better life. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the above opinion
In this fast-paced world, many values are undergoing major changes. While people traditionally prioritize caring, sharing and generosity in life and work, modern people seem to be more self-absorbed and self-concerned.
Modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of life. They say that it is a jungle out there. To survive, you have to fight with whatever means that come handy. Obviously greedy and selfishness go perfectly well with such ideas. In a company, employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position, even at the cost of colleagues. We are in any way advocating any selfish conduct. It is just that people are pressured to act in a certain way due to outside influences.
In spite of common practice, it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness, both of which are not newly invented vocabulary. In ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviors were more condemned then. But we can not ignore the fact that people in the past lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern counterparts.
Are we happier to share with others and be generous to them There is no fixed answer either. Some people take great pleasure helping and giving to others while others feel happy doing the opposite. But I personally think that people should not be too selfish. Caring for others can actually encourage the development of a mutually beneficial relationship.
In conclusion, modern people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure. However, we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and to build a mutually beneficial relationship with others.
Are Modern People Becoming More Selfish
Main comparisons Contexts
__1__ are changing In the past people put caring, sharing and generosity in the first ____2____.
Nowadays, people seem to be more ____3____about themselves.
___4___are changing too. People in the past appeared to be modest and self-effacing(谦让的).
People may strive to achieve their own __5___ at the price of their coworkers.
The author’s understanding
___6____ for the changes in author’s eyes Fierce __7___ and great __8___on modern people may be responsible for the changes.
The author’s ___9____towards topic A relationship which can ___10___ two sides should be establishd.
参考答案
一．单词应用
1. reminded 2. conflicts 3. remote 4. voluntary 5. conscience 6. urgent
7. awareness 8. fetch 9. operation 10.purpose 11.encourages 12. labour
二．词型转换
1.operation 2. honourable 3. worth 4. volunteer 5. aware
6.collective 7. commiite 8.comfortable 9.temporarily ,permanent
三．选词填空
1. in chaos 2. focus on 3. get hold of 4. remainds of 5. is; involved in
6.on behalf of 7. concentrate on 8. take on 9.under the umbrella of
10. breaks down
四．句型结构
1. made up of 2. take on this role 3. is involved in
4. to ensure that fresh drinking water is available to everyone 5. look up
6. make …aware of ; in need 7. had it not done so much for children.
8. badly damaged；in a mess 9. making it difficult to travel from place to place
10. as quickly as possible to stop disease spreading
五．语法应用
1-5 DDCCA 6-10 BAACB 11-15 ABDBD 16-20 BBDDC 21-25 DDCCA
六．翻译句子
1. No one want to take on the challenge—it was just too dangerous.
2. He assisted us in setting up the new company
3. The tickets are available from the secretary’s office.
4. If you want to visit the church, I recommend going there by underground.
5. The only way access to the village is by boat.
6. The medical team set up a temporary health centre to take care of the wounded.
7. Exercise can make a big difference to your state of health.
8. The very photo on the wall reminds me of the childhood by the sea.
七．单项选择
1-5 DCDAA 6-10 BACCD 11-16ADADCA
九．课文复述
Ⅰ.
1. set 2. Problems 3. Problems 4. conflicts 5. assists 6. peace 7. develop
8. respect 9. available plete
II.
1. chaos. 2.totally 3. concerned 4.access 5. communicate 6.limited
7. appreciate 8. proud 9. difference 10. individual
十．Writing
As is apparently shown in the chart above, many middle school students have problems both physically and mentally, with 70% of students having learning anxieties as well as bad eyesight, and a larger percentage lacking ing next is the lack of physical exercise. 40% of the students surveyed won't obey their parents or teachers. Still fewer claimed not to have enough communication with others.
So far as 1 am concerned, we students should balance our physical exercise and studies. Just like a saying goes:" All work but no play makes Jack a dull boy," without a sound body one cannot achieve anything; however, too much attention has been paid only to studies. Therefore, I suggest we be given less homework and more time for out-of--classroom activities to solve all the problems. Only in this way can we lead a healthy life.
十一. 任务型阅读
1.Values 2．place 3．concerned 4．Behaviours 5．goals
6．Reasons 7．competition 8．pressure 9．attitudes 10．benefit
新课标单词
ambassador n. 大使
operate vt. 操作，运作；动手术
honour vt. 使…感到荣耀，给…荣誉，尊敬
purpose n. 目的，意图
co-operate vi合作
touch vt. 触及，涉及
peacekeeping adj. 维持和平的
operation n. 军事行动；操作，实施
conflict n. 冲突
worthy adj. 令人敬重的；值得的，相称的；有价值的
voluntary adj. 志愿的；自愿的；主动的
awareness n. 意识
draw vt. 吸引，引起
sum n. 数目，总数
fund n. 资金，基金
urgent adj. 紧急的，紧迫的
lack n. 缺乏
poverty n. 贫穷，贫困
earthquake n. 地震
typhoon n. 台风
civilian adj. 平民的，民间的 n. 平民
remote adj. 遥远的，偏僻的
accessible adj. 可接近的，可得到的
frustrated adj. 沮丧的，懊恼的
conscience n. 良心，良知
reference n. 谈及，提到；指称；查阅，
funding n.提供资金，提供基金
aspect n. （问题等的）方面
precious adj. 宝贵的，珍贵的
remind vt. 提醒，使想起
charity n. 慈善，施舍
collection n. 捐款；收藏，收藏品，集
face vt. 面对，面临 vi. 朝，向
mountainous adj. 多山的
expense n. 开销，花费；，费用，代价
somewhat adv. 稍微，有点
source n. 来源；消息来源；原始材料
fuel n. 燃料
pump n. 泵，抽水机 vt. （用泵）抽
container n. 容器；集装箱
fetch vt. 取来，去拿来
break down 出故障，抛锚
hardship n. 艰苦，困苦，辛苦
basic adj. 基本的 n. 基础，基本要素
roof n. 屋顶，房顶；顶
occupation n. 职业；占用
force vt. 强迫，强制，迫使
farm vt. 耕种
protein n. 蛋白质
malnutrition n. 营养不良
means n. 手段，方法
commitment n. 承诺，保证；投入，奉献
chaos n. 混乱
flee vi ＆ vt逃跑，逃避
unusable adj. 不可用的，不能用的
famine n. 饥荒
outbreak n. （战争，疾病等的）爆发
typhoid n. 伤寒
colleague n. 同事
vacant adj. 空缺的
temporary adj. 临时的，暂时的
clinic n. 诊所，医务室
medication n. 药物治疗，药物
cut n. 伤口，切口
bacteria n. （复数）细菌
meanwhile adv. 同时，其间
shelter n. 住所；藏身之处
staff n. 全体员工
comfort n.＆vt.安慰
individual adj. 个人的，个体的，个别的，单独的
课文出现短语
1. around the world
2. international aids
3. go wrong
4. keep the peace
5. a shortage of food
6. cause sb. to do sth.
7. live in poverty
8. in real life
9. people in need
10. belong to the UN
11. a UN Goodwill ambassador
12. give a speech
13. be pleased to do sth.
14. have the chance to do sth.
15. refer to sb. / sth.
16. be made up of
17. mean to do sth. / doing sth.
18. be honoured to do sth.
19. take on this role
20. set up / about doing / down / out to do
21. be based on
22. develop friendly relations with sb.
23. co-operate in doing sth.
24. promote respect for human rights
25. as you know
26. touch the lives of people everywhere
27. be involved in
28. with the help of sb.
29. worthy organizations
30. be worth doing sth. = be worthy of being done
31. assist the victims of wars
32. in addition (to)
33. protect sb. from doing sth.
34. prevent sb .from doing sth .
35. child labour
36. record sth.= make records of
37. be aware of sth. / make sb aware of
38. draw one’s attention=draw the attention of sb.
39. add sth. to sth. / add up / add up to
40. under the umbrella of
41. apart from
42. meet eight development goals
43. be available to sb.
44. look sth. up in a dictionary / on a website
45. express one’s opinion
46. be meant to do sth .
47. a successful businesswoman
48. on behalf of
49. work in remote places
50. be connected to / with
51. specialized agencies
52. loan money to sb.
53. set a standard for
54. aim to sth.
55. eliminate problems
56. can’t afford expense
57. be lack of
58. recommend doing sth.
59. break down
60. basic equipment
61. force sb. to do sth.
62. farm the land
63. suffer from malnutrition
64. be in chaos
65. be in a mess
66. put on weight
67.look out for
68. be concerned about/for
69. get hold of
70. remind sb. of sth
71. remind sb. to do sth.
72. communicate with sb.
73. think back to
74.be proud of = take pride in
75. make a difference
76. put sth. into action
77. from place to place
78. die from
79. if only
80. in honour of
一．单词应用
根据单词的首字母或汉语意思填写正确单词，注意形式变化。
1. I rang Joan and r ________ her that the conference had been cancelled.
2. It was an unpopular policy and caused a number of c _________ within the party.
3. It happened in the r_________ past, so no one worries about it any more.
4. She does v_________ work for the Red Cross two days a week.
5. You didn’t do anything wrong—you should have a clear c_______. .
6. The most _________（紧急的） thing in a fire is to make sure everyone is out
of the building.
7. Public __________ （意识） of the problem will make politicians take it seriously.
8. Could you _________ （取） me my glasses from the other room, please
9. We expect the new scheme to come into __________（运作） early next year.
10. The _________ （目的） of the research is to try and find out more about the causes of the disease.
11. My english teacher often_______ (鼓励)us to speak English in and out of class.
12.In addition, the UN helps protect human rights and works to improve international laws, for example, those on child__________(劳力)
二．词型转换
1、operate--___________(n.) 2、honour--___________(adj)
3、worthy--__________(n.) 4、voluntary -- __________(n.)
5、awareness--__________(adj.) 6、collection --__________(adj.)
7、commitment--__________(v.) 8、comfort--__________(adj)
9. temporary--________(adv.)________(反)
三．选词填空
get hold of, focus on, remind… of , in chaos, be involved in , break down, on behalf ofconcentrate on, take on, under the umbrella of
1. The house was ________after the party. It took Tom three days to clean it up.
2. It is important not to ______ the past,. We also have to live in the present and look to the future.
3. It is also impossible to________ a ticket for tonight’s concert. It sold out three days ago.
4. The smell of freshly-baked bread always ________ me _______my days in France.
5. He _______ no longer ______ the work here because he has retired
6. I’d like to,_______ the general manager, thank you for all your support to our company.
7.If you want to achieve high grades in your exams, you must ______ｗｈat the teacher say in class.
8. His good education abroad enables him to _______ that position.
9. The small island was _____Britain before it gained its independence in1970.
10. If your bike ________ on the way to the village, can you repair it by yourself
四．句型结构
课文重点短语与高考
1. I am pleased to have this chance today to talk to you about the United Nations or the UN, as it is more often referred to. (P50) 我很高兴今天有机会跟大家谈谈联合国， 也叫UN---这个名称在英语里更为常用。
as
conj. it means “in the way or manner that”.
As I said in my last letter, I’m taking the exam in July.
David, as you know, is a photographer.
相关高考试题The Beatles, ________many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. (2006 天津) A. what B. that C. how D. as答案: D
refer
v. refer to sb./ sth. phrasal verb
1）to talk or write about someone or sth., especially briefly: 涉及，提到
In her autobiography she occasionally refers to her unhappy schooldays.
He always refers to the house as his "refuge".
The new salary scale only refers to company managers and directors.
2）refer sb. to sth. phrasal verb
to direct someone or sth. to a different place or person for information, help or action, often to a person or group with more knowledge or power:托付，交付
My doctor referred me to a hospital specialist.
The High Court has referred the case to the Court of Appeal.
3）refer (sb.) to sth. phrasal verb
to look at, or tell someone else to look at, a book or similar record in order to find information and help:参考
She spoke for an hour without once referring to her notes.
He referred to a history book to find out the dates of the French Revolution.
The reader is constantly referred back to the introduction.
reference
n. [C or U] a mention of sth.:提及,涉及
Knowing what had happened, I avoided making any reference to (= mentioning) weddings.
I am writing with/in reference to (= in connection with) your letter of 15 March.
[C]a writer or a book, article, etc. that is mentioned in a piece of writing, showing you where the author found their information 参考书
相关高考试题1. Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isn’t much help when it shopping and eating. (2006 天津)A. refers to B. speaks of C. focuses on D. comes to2. The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ________his notes. (2005浙江) A. bringing up B. referring to C. looking for D. trying on答案及解析: 1. D. when it comes to… 谈到,说到……2. B. refer to his notes参考他的笔记
2. I feel very honored to have been to take on his role.(P50) 能够担当这一角色，我感到非常荣幸。
honor
n. [U] a quality that combines respect, pride and honesty:荣誉,荣耀
a man of honour
We fought for the honour of our country.
in honour of sb./ sth. in order to celebrate or show great respect for someone or sth.:为了纪念……;为了表示对……的敬意
a banquet in honour of the president
[C] a reward, prize or title that publicly expresses admiration or respect:荣耀的人或事; 荣幸
She received an honour for her services to the community.
He was buried with full military honours (= with a special celebration to show respect).
It’s a great honour to be invited.
[sing] a person or thing that brings credit to sth/sb 给某物(人)添光的人或事物
an honour to sth/sb
v.
to show great respect for someone or sth., especially in public:尊敬,给予荣幸
He was honoured for his bravery.
We are honoured (= proud and happy) to have you here tonight.
to give someone public praise or a reward: 给某人以荣誉
He was honoured with a knighthood.
honourable
adj. honest and fair, or deserving praise and respect: 光荣的,荣耀的,应享受荣誉的
an honourable person
honourably
adv.
They acted honourably and returned the wallet.
take on
take sth. on (BEGIN)
phrasal verb: to begin to have a particular quality: 开始
Her voice took on a troubled tone.
take sth. on (ACCEPT)
phrasal verb: to accept a particular job or responsibility: 承担工作或责任
She took too much on and made herself ill.
take sb. on (EMPLOY)
phrasal verb: to employ someone: 雇佣某人
She was taken on as a laboratory assistant.．
take sb. on (FIGHT)
phrasal verb: to compete against or fight someone: 与某人竞争,斗争
The Government took on the unions and won.
take 常用短语take after sb. 相貌或性格像…
take sth. away 送走,拿走take back 取回;归还,退货;使…回忆起take down 拿下;拆毁,拆散;写下,记下take in 拿进;吸入;了解;欺骗,蒙骗;把衣服改小take off 移开,除；成功；脱掉:起飞:休息;减去,减价take out 携出,拿出; 除去,拔去take over 继承,接管take up 拿起,举起: 占(时间,地点);开始(工作,兴趣);继续(中断的话)
He takes after his mother/his mother's side of the family.
Take these chairs away - we don't need them.
Supermarkets are taking business away from small local shops.
Is it too small Take it back and get a refund.
That piece of music really took me back (to my schooldays).
He took down my address and phone number and said he'd phone back.
I had to read the letter twice before I could take it all in.
It was an interesting exhibition, but there was too much to take in at once.
I can't believe she was taken in by him.
I'll have to take this dress in at the waist - it's too big.
He took off his clothes and got into the bath.
Her singing career had just begun to take off.
I've had a tooth taken out.
The company he works for has recently been taken over.
This desk takes up too much room.
Too much of this report is taken up with out-of-date figures.
Ian took up (= continued) the story where Sue had left off.
相关高考试题Helen always helps her mother even though going to school ________ most of her day. (2003北京)A. takes up B. makes up C. saves up D. puts up答案及解析：A. take up most of her day占据她一天中的大部分时间。
3. So when was the United Nations set up 那么， 联合国是什么时候成立的呢？
set sth. up
phrasal verb [M] 1) to formally establish a new company, organization, system, way of working, etc:建立
A committee has been set up to organize social events in the college.
She plans to set up her own business.
They've set up a fund for victims of the earthquake.
2) to arrange for an event or activity to happen: 安排，布置
We need to set up a meeting to discuss the proposals.
The government has agreed to set up a public enquiry.
set常用短语set about 散布谣言等；着手工作 set aside 保留，储存；忽视，不顾set down 放下，卸下；写下，记下 set off 出发，启程；引爆，使爆炸set out 出发，动身；着手做 set sb. a good example 给某人树立一个榜样set sth. on fire/set fire to sth. 纵火烧 set foot in/on 踏上
I tried to apologize, but I think I set about it the wrong way.
What time will we have to set off for the station tomorrow
Jenny set off down the road on her new bike.
You should be setting a good example to your younger brother.
A peace campaigner had set herself on fire in protest at the government's involvement in the war.
He refuses to set foot in an art gallery.
相关高考试题For all these years I have been working for others. I’m hoping I’ll ________ my own business someday. (2006 江西)A. turn up B. fix up C. set up D. make up答案及解析：选C. turn up找到， 出现，调大； fix up 修补，解决；make up编造，组成，化装。
4．The UN is based on a chart that has four main purpose:…(P50) 该宪章确立了联合国的四大宗旨， 即：……
base
n. [C] 1) the bottom part of an object, on which it rests, or the lowest part of sth.:根基,底座
a crystal glass with a heavy base
At the base of the cliff was a rocky beach.
This cream provides an excellent base for your make-up (= a good bottom layer on which other layers can be put).
2) the activity or people from which someone or sth. gets most of their support, money, etc: 基础
A strong economy depends on a healthy manufacturing base.
We're aiming to expand our customer base.
Where is your firm based
He was based in (= He lived in or was at a military establishment in) Birmingham during the war.
base sth. on sth.
phrasal verb
If you base something on facts or ideas, you use those facts or ideas to develop it:
The film is based on a short story by Thomas Mann.
4. As you know, the UN touches the lives of people everywhere. （P50） 如你所知， 联合国触及世界各地每个人的生活。
touch
vi. or vt. to move especially the hand or another part of the body lightly onto and off sth. or someone: 碰触，接触
That paint is wet - don't touch (it).
He touched the girl on the arm to get her attention.
The child touched the worm with a twig.
FIGURATIVE The setting sun touched the trees with red (= made them appear red for a short time).
vt. INFORMAL If you say you do not touch a food or drink, you mean that you never eat or drink it: 不吃（食物，饮料等）
No thanks, I never touch chocolate/alcohol.
Honestly, I haven't touched a drop (= drunk any alcohol) all night.
n . [U] the ability to know what sth. is like by feeling it with the fingers: 触觉
the sense of touch
I found the right coin in the dark by touch.
n. [C usually singular] a quick light movement of one thing, especially a hand, onto and off another thing: 接触，碰触
I felt a cold touch on my arm.
At a/the touch of a button, the door opened.
相关高考试题---Ow! I’ve burnt myself!---How did you do that (2005浙江)--- I ______ a hot pot.A. touched B. kept C. felt D. held答案及解析：A. touch表触摸。因触摸锅被烫伤。feel 表示触摸时，指有意识地触摸某物。
5．The organization is involved in peacekeeping operations to help end some of the world’s most horrible conflicts.(P50) 该组织参与维和行动， 以帮助解决世界上大部分的激烈争端。
involve
v. 1) to cause to become connected 牵连，牵涉
The serious incident involved a group of youths.
to make sb. take part in sth. 参加，加入
should involve themselves in their children’s education.
involve sb. in 把某人牵涉到某事里
be involved in 涉及
6. This will increase people’s awareness of the work of the UN. (P51) 这会提高人们对联合国工作的意识。
awareness
n. [U] 意识，认识
Public awareness of the problem will make politicians take it seriously.
Environmental awareness has increased dramatically over the past decade.
aware
adj. [after verb] 意识到knowing that something exists, or having knowledge or experience of a particular thing:
[+ that] I wasn't even aware that he was ill.
Were you aware of the risks at the time
She was well (= very) aware that he was married.
"Has Claude paid the phone bill " "Not as far as I'm aware." (= I don't think so)
I suddenly became aware of (= started to notice) him looking at me.
7. In addition, my visits will encourage people working on the projects and draw local people’s attention to the situation. (P51) 此外， 我的访问还会鼓励那些致力于联合国各种项目的人，吸引当地人民对相关情形的注意力。
in addition (to) = besides
I met my past teacher and some classmates in addition in the supermarket.
In addition to cakes and candies, guests were also provided with fruits.
attention
n. 1) [U] notice, thought or consideration: 注意
Ladies and gentlemen, could I have your attention, please
They're organizing a campaign to draw people's attention to the environmentally harmful effects of using their cars.
He likes being the centre of attention (= having a lot of people notice him)
I knocked on the window to get/attract/catch her attention (= make her notice me).
After an hour, my attention started to wander (= I stopped taking notice).
Don't pay any attention to (= take any notice of) Nina - she doesn't know what she's talking about.
If you don't pay attention (= listen carefully) now, you'll get it all wrong later.
Wait a moment and I'll give you my full/undivided attention (= I'll listen to and think about only you).
Many countries are starting to turn their attention to (= to consider) new forms of energy.
2) specially in the armed forces) a way of standing, with the feet together, arms by your sides, head up and shoulders back and not moving: 立正
soldiers standing at/to attention
attend
vi. FORMAL to give attention to what someone is saying: 仔细倾听
I'm afraid I wasn't attending to what was being said.
attentive
adj. listening carefully: 仔细倾听地
an attentive audience
8．…and add it to a sum of money the government gives them.(P51) 。。。将这些钱和政府资助给她们的一笔钱加在一起。
add
vi. or vt. to put sth. with sth. else to increase the number or amount or to improve the whole: 加入，相加
If you add (= calculate the total of) three and four you get seven.
Beat the butter and sugar together and slowly add the eggs.
She's added a Picasso to her collection.
Her colleagues' laughter only added to (= increased) her embarrassment.
[+ that] She was sad, she said, but added (= said also) that she felt she had made the right decision.
[+ speech] "Oh, and thank you for all your help!" he added as he was leaving.
It's $45 - $50 if you add in (= include) the cost of postage.
Don't forget to add on your travelling expenses/add your expenses on.
add (sth.) up
phrasal verb [M] to calculate the total of two or more numbers: 相加，加起来
If you add those four figures up, it comes to over 500.
She added the bill up.
I'm not very good at adding up!
add up to sth.
phrasal verb 总计， 合计
to become a particular amount:
The various building programmes add up to several thousand new homes.
We thought we'd bought lots of food, but it didn't add up to much when we'd spread it out on the table.
add up to sth.
phrasal verb to have a particular result or effect:
It all added up to a lot of hard work for all of us.
Their proposals do not add up to any real help for the poor.
added
adj. extra: 额外的
He had the added disadvantage of being the only man present.
She lost her job last week, and now added to that she's pregnant again.
addition
n. [C or U]
Twice a week the children are tested in basic mathematical skills such as addition (= calculating the total of different numbers put together) and subtraction.
Most working environments are improved by the addition of (= adding) a few plants and pictures.
A secretary would be a welcome/useful addition to our staff.
In addition to his flat in London, he has a villa in Italy and a castle in Scotland.
HUMOROUS I hear you're expecting a small addition to the family (= you are going to have a baby)!相关高考试题There have been several new events ________ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. (2006北京) A. add B. to add C. adding D. added答案：D
9. Apart from the urgent problems caused by wars and conflicts, the UN helps countries with other problems such as lack of education, lack of food, poverty, disasters and disease. （P51）和冲突所引起的各种紧急问题外， 联合国还帮助解决其成员国的其他问题。
apart from
except for or not considering: 除了……，除了……还有
He works until nine o'clock every evening, and that's quite apart from the work he does over the weekend.
Apart from the salary/Salary apart, it's not a bad job.
Apart from you and me/You and me apart, I don't think there was anyone there under thirty.
tell sth./sb. apart
phrasal verb to be able to see the difference between two very similar things or people: 分辨，区分
As babies, the twins were so alike that I just couldn't tell them apart.
10. on behalf of (P53)
representing; instead of: 代表，代替
On behalf of the entire company, I would like to thank you for all your work.
Unfortunately, George cannot be with us today so I am pleased to accept this award on his behalf.
Please don't leave on my behalf (= because of me).
1. When there is a shortage of food, there is a famine.
2. I feel very honoured to have been able to take on this role.
3. As you know, the UN touches the lives of people everywhere.
4. One of the goals is to ensure that fresh drinking water is available to everyone.
5. From what you have said, it is clear that UNICEF would not be so popular had it not been done so much for children.
6. There is mud and water everywhere, making it difficult to travel from place to place.
7. One good thing here is that many people can speak English and French.
8. Well, time flies! It is as if we had only talked for a minute!
练习
1.The UN is an international group _______ _______ ________（由……组成） countries that want to increase peace.
2. I feel much honored to have been able to _____ ______ ______ ______（担当这一角色）.
3. The organization______ _______ ________ （参与）peacekeeping operations to help end some of the world’s most horrible conflicts.
4. One of the goals is _____ _____ _____ ______ _____ ______ _____ _____ _____ ____ .（保证每个人都能享受到新鲜的饮用水）
5.For more information, you may like to_____ it ______ （浏览）on the UN website.
6.A Goodwill Ambassador can also _____ people_____ _____(使……意识到) how they can help people ______ ______.(需要)
7. It is clear that UNICEF would not be so popular _____ ______ ______ ______ _______ ____ _____ ______. (如果没为孩子们做这么多事)
8.The hospital is ____ _____（受到严重破坏）and ____ _____ _____（一片混乱）.
9. There is mud and water everywhere, _____ _____ ______ _____ ____ _____ ______ _____ ______（让此地到彼地的行程变得很困难）.
10. We need to bury the dead bodies ____ ______ ______ ______ _______ _______ _____
五．语法应用（虚拟语气）
详细解释见高三英语第一轮复习教案语法七——虚拟语气
使用虚拟语气的六种特殊情况
一、含蓄条件句
1．条件暗含在短语中。
It would be easier to do it this way.
这样做会比较容易。（条件暗含在不定式短语to do it this way 中）
2．条件暗含在上下文中。
We would have succeeded.
我们本来是会成功的。（可能暗含if we had kept trying）
3．在不少情况下，虚拟式已变成习惯说法，很难找出其暗含的条件。
He told the story in such minute detail that he might himself have been an eye-witness.
他将那事讲的非常仔细，简直就像是他亲眼看见一样。
二、连词if 的省略
在书面语中，条件从句可以不用连词if而将谓语中的过去式were, had 或should 等移至主语之前。
Were you in my position, you would do the same. 假如你处在我的地位，你也会这样干的。
Had he been in your position, he’d probably have done the same.
假如他处在你的地位，他可能也会这样干的。
三、错纵时间虚拟语气
当条件从句与结果主句所表的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。
If I had spoken to him yesterday, I should know what to do now.
假如昨天我对他说了，现在我就知道该怎么办了。
如条件从句用if I were… 结果主句则可用表任何时间的虚拟形式。
If I were not busy, I would have come.假如我不忙，我就会去了。（were 表过去）
If I were you, I would go.假如我是你，我会去的。（were 表现在）
四、省去非真实条件句的虚拟语气
非真实条件句如省去结果主句，则常表示一种不可能实现的愿望。这种条件句常用if only 来引导。
If only you would listen to reason.你如听从道理就好了。
If only I could smash the ground with my fist and make the oil flow!
我真想用我的拳头从地里打出油来啊！
五、不用if 引导的条件从句
非真实条件句的条件从句除用if引导外，还可用when, unless, lest, suppose, as if, as though, for fear, in case, on condition 等词语来引导。
In case I forget, please remind me of my promise. 如果我忘了，请提醒我的诺言。
Susan is walking slowly as if she were tired. 苏珊走得很慢，就像是累了似的。
六、从句中的虚拟语气
1. 用于主语从句，其谓语用should +动词原形（或should +have +过去分词）或只用动词原形（尤其是美国英语）。should 在此是助动词，本身并无实义。这种主语从句由连词that 所引导，常用在it is (was) important (necessary, desirable, imperative, advisable) that… 句型中。
It is important that we should speak politely. 我们说话要有礼貌，这是很重要的。
It is imperative that we should practice criticism, and self-criticism.应当进行批评与自我批评。
这种主语从句还常用It is (was) desired (suggested, settled, proposed, requested, decided, etc.) that… 句型中。
It is desired that this rule shall be brought to the attention of the staffs.
希望这条规则引起全体职员的注意。（shall 在当代英语中已较少见）
2．用于宾语从句，一种是用作动词wish 宾语的从句，表示愿望，常省去连词that。这种从句的谓语动词可用过去式，表示与现在事实相反；亦可用过去完成式，表示与过去事实相反。
We wish you had come to our New Year’s party.我们真希望你来参加了我们的新年联欢会。
宾语从句的谓语如是would +动词原形，则是一种常用的希望。
I wish you would stay a little longer. 我希望你再待一会儿。
也可以用would rather, would sooner 等表示愿望，但其宾语从句常用虚拟过去式。
I’d sooner she left the heavy end of the work to some one else.
我宁愿她把重活留给别人。
另一种是谓语用should+动词原形或只用动词原形的that 从句作为demand, suggest, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire 等动词的宾语。
He suggested that we should leave early.他建议我们早点动身。
The detective insisted that he should have a lock.警探坚持要查看。
有些动词，如think, expect, believe, 其否定式的宾语从句亦可用should +动词原形。
I never thought he should refuse.我万没有想到他会拒绝。
还有一种是用作某些形容词或相当于形容词的过去分词的宾语的that 从句，其谓语是should +have +过去分词。
I’m ashamed you should have done such a thing.
我真感到羞耻，你竟会做这种事情。（省去了that）
3．用于表语从句, 由that (可省去) 所引导，其谓语是should +动词原形。句子主语常常是suggestion, proposal, idea, motion 等名词。
My suggestion is that we should tell him.我的建议是我们应该告诉他。
Our only request is that this should be settled as soon as possible.
我们唯一的请求就是尽快解决这个问题。
4．虚拟语气用于同位语从句中。
There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.
有一项建议是布朗应该离队。
5．定语从句中的虚拟语气
It’s time后的定语从句中通常用虚拟语气，即从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来，有时也用过去进行时或“should + 动词原形（should不能省）”，其意为“（早）该干某事了”。
It’s time that he studied hard.= It’s time that he should study hard.
他学习该用功了。
time 前有时有about, high等修饰。
It’s high time you bought a new car. 你该买新车了。
另外，与其他虚拟语气结构不同，这种结构不能在该用was的地方换成were。
It’s time I was in bed. 我该上床了。（不用were）
训练题
1.——Did you submit(递交）your application for a Master’s degree(硕士学位）？
——Not yet. If I_____ to see my father, I would have.”
A. didn’t go B. haven’t gone C. wouldn’t have gone D. hadn’t gone
2.——Why didn’t Tom give you one of his paintings
——I didn’t want one, but he would have given me one if I ____.
A. Do B. would C. will D. had
3.——Do you think the thief entered through the garage door
——No, if he had, I don’t believe _____broken the living room window.
A. would he have B. he had C. he would have D. he has
4._______I’d have told you.
A. If I would have known it B. If I had have known it
C. Had I know it D. Should I know it
5. I ____come yesterday, but I couldn’t.
A. was to have B. must C. ought D. have to
6.——It is raining, and I have no umbrella.
——Here’s mine, and I insist ____it.
A. you to take B. that you take C. that you taking D. you taking
7. The professor gave orders that the test ____before 5:30.
A. be finished B. will finish C .will be finished D. shall finish
8. I must go there earlier. John has suggested that I _____an hour before the discussion begins.
A. go B. shall go C. will go D. would go
9. I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I ____there.
A. was B. were C. had been D. went
10. She speaks as if she ____on the spot.
A. was B. were C. had been D. is
11. If I ______ten years younger, I _____ very happy.
A. were, would be B. am, shall be C. were, shall be D. am, would be
12.—— You can ask your brother for help.
—— He is not at home. If he ____, I _____.
A. is, would B. were, would C. is, will D. were, will
13. If you ____the doctors advice, you would have already recovered.
A. follow B. followed C. would follow D. had followed
14. If he had not missed the train, he _____by then.
A. might get B. might have got C. got D. had got
15. What would you have done last night, if you _____to write your homework.
A. hadn’t B. haven’t had C. didn’t have D. hadn’t had
16. —— Did you catch the plane
——No. if I had hurried, I ______.
A. would B. would have C. could D. did
17. Why didn’t you tell him the truth If I _____you, I would have.
A. were B. had been C. am D. would be
18.——How do you like the party
——Wonderful. If you had come with us, you ____a good time.
A. had B. had had C. would have D. would have had
19. If I _____out of my ink, I would have finished writing the paper.
A. didn’t run B. shouldn’t run C. haven’t run D. hadn’t run
20. If you _____early tomorrow morning, you would be there by noon.
A. have started B. were started C. were to start D. had started
21.——Did you hand in your application for a league member
——Not yet. If I _____to see my father, I would have.
A. didn’t go B. haven’t gone C. wouldn’t have gone D. hadn’t gone
22.——Why didn’t Tom give you one of his paintings
——I didn’t want one, but he would have given me one if I _____.
A. do B. would C. will D. had
23.——Do you think the thief entered through the garage door
——No, if he had, I don’t believe ____broken the living room window.
A. would he have B. he had C. he would have D. he has
24.______I’d have told you.
A. If I would have known it B. If I had have known it
C. Had I known it D. should I know it
25. I ____come yesterday, but I couldn’t.
A. was to have B. must C. ought D. have to
六．翻译句子
1.没有人想要接受这个挑战，太危险了。
2.他帮助我们建立了新公司。
3.可以从秘书办公室拿到票。
4.如果你参观教堂，我建议你坐地铁去。
5.通往那个村庄的唯一途径就是坐小船去。
6.医疗队建立了一座临时康复中心来照料伤员。
7.运动能对你的身体状况起很大作用。
8.正是墙上的照片使我想起我在海边度过的童年时代。
七．单项选题
1. —We _________ to have you here tonight.
—Thank you and it is __________ for me to be invited.
A. honour; honourable B. honour; an honour
C. are honoured; honourable D. are honoured; an honour
2. Though _________ money, his parents still managed to send him to university.
A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in
3. This event not only promoted _____of world hunger, but also raised lot of money to help starving children.
A information B. knowledge C. instruction D. awareness
4. If I am not ___________ when you phone, ask for my brother.
A. available B. able C. spare D. busy
5. —Do you really want to go out
—It may rain.___________, I shall go out; I don’t mind the rain.
A. Anyway B. Otherwise C. Somehow D. Somewhat
6. They take little interest in a ________ far from their homes and _____ from their everyday problems.
A. debate; far B. conflict; remote C. fight; distant D. discussion; away
7. Does it make any ________ whether we leave at 9:00 or at 10:00
A. difference B. time C. different D. point
8. The lock in my bag _________ me of not locking my closet.
A. recalled B. remembered C. reminded D. told
9. It’s _________ sparing yourself some time to do physical exercise under such considerable learning pressure.
A. very worth B. well worthy of C. well worth D. much worth
10. _________ environmental damage is done, it will take many years for the ecosystem
to recover.
A. If only B. Even if C. While D. Once
11. _________ the occasional visit, what else does Alan do for his kids
A. Except B. In spite of C. Apart from D. Beside
12. Good ways of doing things mean saving time, and _______ it is important for us to find them.
A. meanwhile B. otherwise C. however D. therefore
13. It was foolish of him to ________ his notes during that important test, and as a result, he got punished.
A. refer to B. stick to C. come to D. turn to
14. As civilization__________, more and more people have realized the importance of preserving rare animals from extinction.
A. stretches B. expands C. extends D. spreads
15. Changes are being introduced to make the department ___________ .
A. operating quickly B. going quickly
C. operate more efficiently D. go more efficiently
16. Farmers have to _________ more workers during the harvest and even so, some of them usually _________ after the harvest.
A. take on; break down B. take on; break up
C. take off; break down D. take off; break up
八．Reading strategy
Understanding a speaker’s attitude
People giving a speech on a topic usually express their opinion or attitude even if the speech is meant to give information rather than opinions. They can indirectly express a favorable opinion by speaking in an enthusiastic tone and using positive adjectives to describe things, e.g., I am pleased to have been chosen to be a Goodwill for them. The speaker can also highlight the positive aspects of the topics. Understanding the opinion or attitude of the speaker can increase comprehension of a speech.
九．课文复述
1．Passage A（Reading）
The United Nations
When it was ___1__ up after the Second World War in October 1945
Countries in the UN (originally ) 51 countries
(recently) 191 countries
___2_____ it dealt with helps end some of the world’s most horrible ___4___ ; __5___ the victims of wars and disasters; protects human rights; improves international laws; helps with other problems such as lack of education, lack of food, poverty, disasters and disease.
Its four main ___3____ to keep international _6___ to __7___ friendly relationships among nations to cooperate in solving international problems and in promoting ___8____ for human rights to be a centre for organizing the actions or work of different nations
Goals it promises to achieve by 2015 eight goals, one of which is to ensure that fresh drinking water is __9____ to everyone and another is that all children __10__ primary education
The United Nation was founded in Oct. 1954 by 51 countries. Today there are about 191 countries in the word that have the memberships of the UN. It plays a leading role in many ways. For example, it borrows soldiers from different countries to keep international peace. Led by the organizations of the UN, 191 different countries work together to solve international problems and to keep peace to develop friendly relationships among nations. Through these actions, the UN brings everyone in different countries close together.
2．Passage B（Project）
I arrived here to find everything was in ___1___. This is a ___2__ different experience for me. We are very __3____ about the outbreak of water-borne diseases such as malaria and typhoid. Besides many health problems, in the rest of the city, shelter and _4_____ to food and clean water are big problems. When I ___5____ with people, I find that my job is not____6___ to being a nurse. This experience makes me ___7____ all the things I have and gives me the chance to see things from another side. I am __8____ that I can help here and there, and make a ___9___ to people’s lives on an ___10____ level.
十．Writing （作文）
下表是对某中学高三一班50个学生健康问题的调查表。请根据表格内容，综述学生当前存在的健康问题，并就中学生如何保持身心健康提出自己的建议。
问题类型 学习焦虑 逆反心理 缺乏交往 睡眠不足 缺乏锻炼 视力不佳
人数 35 20 15 40 25 35
比例 70％ 40％ 30％ 80％ 50％ 70％
词数要求: 120-150
___________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
十一 任务型阅读
阅读下篇短文，然后根据短文内容在表格的每空处填一个恰当的词。
Some people believe that greed and selfishness has become the basis of modern society, and we should return to the old traditions of family and community then we will have a better life. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the above opinion
In this fast-paced world, many values are undergoing major changes. While people traditionally prioritize caring, sharing and generosity in life and work, modern people seem to be more self-absorbed and self-concerned.
Modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of life. They say that it is a jungle out there. To survive, you have to fight with whatever means that come handy. Obviously greedy and selfishness go perfectly well with such ideas. In a company, employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position, even at the cost of colleagues. We are in any way advocating any selfish conduct. It is just that people are pressured to act in a certain way due to outside influences.
In spite of common practice, it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness, both of which are not newly invented vocabulary. In ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviors were more condemned then. But we can not ignore the fact that people in the past lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern counterparts.
Are we happier to share with others and be generous to them There is no fixed answer either. Some people take great pleasure helping and giving to others while others feel happy doing the opposite. But I personally think that people should not be too selfish. Caring for others can actually encourage the development of a mutually beneficial relationship.
In conclusion, modern people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure. However, we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and to build a mutually beneficial relationship with others.
Are Modern People Becoming More Selfish
Main comparisons Contexts
__1__ are changing In the past people put caring, sharing and generosity in the first ____2____.
Nowadays, people seem to be more ____3____about themselves.
___4___are changing too. People in the past appeared to be modest and self-effacing(谦让的).
People may strive to achieve their own __5___ at the price of their coworkers.
The author’s understanding
___6____ for the changes in author’s eyes Fierce __7___ and great __8___on modern people may be responsible for the changes.
The author’s ___9____towards topic A relationship which can ___10___ two sides should be establishd.
参考答案
一．单词应用
1. reminded 2. conflicts 3. remote 4. voluntary 5. conscience 6. urgent
7. awareness 8. fetch 9. operation 10.purpose 11.encourages 12. labour
二．词型转换
1.operation 2. honourable 3. worth 4. volunteer 5. aware
6.collective 7. commiite 8.comfortable 9.temporarily ,permanent
三．选词填空
1. in chaos 2. focus on 3. get hold of 4. remainds of 5. is; involved in
6.on behalf of 7. concentrate on 8. take on 9.under the umbrella of
10. breaks down
四．句型结构
1. made up of 2. take on this role 3. is involved in
4. to ensure that fresh drinking water is available to everyone 5. look up
6. make …aware of ; in need 7. had it not done so much for children.
8. badly damaged；in a mess 9. making it difficult to travel from place to place
10. as quickly as possible to stop disease spreading
五．语法应用
1-5 DDCCA 6-10 BAACB 11-15 ABDBD 16-20 BBDDC 21-25 DDCCA
六．翻译句子
1. No one want to take on the challenge—it was just too dangerous.
2. He assisted us in setting up the new company
3. The tickets are available from the secretary’s office.
4. If you want to visit the church, I recommend going there by underground.
5. The only way access to the village is by boat.
6. The medical team set up a temporary health centre to take care of the wounded.
7. Exercise can make a big difference to your state of health.
8. The very photo on the wall reminds me of the childhood by the sea.
七．单项选择
1-5 DCDAA 6-10 BACCD 11-16ADADCA
九．课文复述
Ⅰ.
1. set 2. Problems 3. Problems 4. conflicts 5. assists 6. peace 7. develop
8. respect 9. available plete
II.
1. chaos. 2.totally 3. concerned 4.access 5. communicate 6.limited
7. appreciate 8. proud 9. difference 10. individual
十．Writing
As is apparently shown in the chart above, many middle school students have problems both physically and mentally, with 70% of students having learning anxieties as well as bad eyesight, and a larger percentage lacking ing next is the lack of physical exercise. 40% of the students surveyed won't obey their parents or teachers. Still fewer claimed not to have enough communication with others.
So far as 1 am concerned, we students should balance our physical exercise and studies. Just like a saying goes:" All work but no play makes Jack a dull boy," without a sound body one cannot achieve anything; however, too much attention has been paid only to studies. Therefore, I suggest we be given less homework and more time for out-of--classroom activities to solve all the problems. Only in this way can we lead a healthy life.
十一. 任务型阅读
1.Values 2．place 3．concerned 4．Behaviours 5．goals
6．Reasons 7．competition 8．pressure 9．attitudes 10．benefit
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