2011年高考课标版英语课堂45分钟练习：必修3unit 4 astronomy：the science of the stars（练习）

2011年高考课标版英语课堂45分钟练习
Ⅰ.语法和词汇知识
1(2010江西模拟，34) Animals suffered at the hands of Man ______ they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural land to provide food for more people.
A．in which B．for which
C．so that D．in that
解析：句意：动物遭受人类的控制，是因为人类为了得到更多的农产品供更多的人消费，破坏动物的生存环境以得到更多的土地。in that相当于because，意为“因为，由于”。而其他三项无此意。
答案：D
2Using many symbols makes ______ to put much information on a single map.
A．possible B．it possible
C．that possible D．it is possible
解析：make ＋it ＋adj.＋动词不定式或者宾语从句，此句式中，it是形式宾语，形容词作补足语，真正的宾语后置。
答案：B
3(2010江苏模拟，34) To learn English，we should find opportunities to hear English ______ as much as we can.
A．speak B．speaking
C．spoken D．to speak
解析：句中的非谓语动词作English的宾语补足语。English和speak之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。
答案：C
4—It can't be too worse.
—Just ______.Things will turn out to be better so long as you don't stop trying.
A．be all right B．take your time
C．ignore it D．take it easy
解析：all right“行，好吧”；take one's time“慢慢来；不着急”；ignore it“别理它”；take it easy“别着急，别紧张”，安慰对方的用语。句意：“糟透了。”“别着急，只要你一直努力，事情会有更好的结果的。”
答案：D
5—I am afraid I can't finish the book within this week.
—______.
A．Please go ahead B．That's all right
C．Not at all D．Take your time
解析：go ahead“继续干吧”；That's all right“没关系；不用谢”；Not at all“别客气，没什么”，对感谢的回答；take one's time“要用多少时间就用多少时间；不着急”。由语境可知，应选D项。
答案：D
6Tom as well as two of his friends ______ to the concert last night.
A．has been invited B．had been invited
C．were invited D．was invited
解析：由时间状语last night可知要用一般过去时态；名词/代词＋as well as＋名词/代词作主语时，谓语动词的数由as well as前面的名词或者代词决定。
答案：D
7If you meet ______ problems，please turn ______ me.
A．with；to B．down；up
C．with；up D．across；to
解析：meet with“偶遇，遭受”；turn to“向……求助；求得安慰”；turn up“出现；露面；把声音开大；把力量加大”。根据句意知应选A项。
答案：A
8The socks are so ______ that they can't be mended any more.
A．used up B．worn out
C．tired out D．broken out
解析：use up“用完，耗尽”；tire out“使十分疲劳”；break out“(战争、火灾等)突然发生，爆发”；wear out“穿破，用坏；克服；消磨；疲劳”。句意：这些袜子穿坏了，不能再补了。根据句意知应选B项。
答案：B
9After he ______ the table，he sat down on the sofa for a rest，waiting for his guests.
A．lay B．laid
C．put D．made
解析：lay the table意思是“摆餐具”；lay作“放置，摆放”讲时，过去式是laid。句意：他摆好餐桌后，坐在沙发上休息，等着客人的到来。
答案：B
10______ we stood at the top of the building，we were able to enjoy the town below clearly.
A．As B．Although
C．Unless D．Until
解析：句意：由于我们站在楼顶上，我们能够清楚地看到下面的整座城市。由句意可知，两个句子之间是因果关系，所以用A项。
答案：A
Ⅱ.句子翻译
1既然我们已经完成了设计，就该由公司来进行建设了。(now that；in one's turn)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Now that we have finished the design，the company，in its turn，will do the construction.
2由于强大的引力，飞船被拖得离卫星很近。(gravity；pull；satellite；spaceship)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：The spaceship was pulled close to the satellite by its strong gravity.
3老师幽默的谈话让我们很振奋，班里的气氛放松了下来。(atmosphere；cheer up)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：The atmosphere in the classroom relaxed after the teacher's humorous talk cheered us up.
4别打扰她。她昨晚刚生了一个男孩，现在还在睡觉。(give birth to)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Don't disturb her.She gave birth to a boy last night and now she is asleep.
5大部分证据都被毁了。因此，不可能证明这种药物是有害的。(harmful；thus)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Most of the evidence are destroyed.Thus，it's impossible to prove that the drug is harmful.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Scientists have found what look like caves on Mars，and say they could be protecting life from the planet's terrible environment.
The first caves discovered beyond the Earth appear as seven mysterious black dots on the pictures sent back by NASA's Mars Odyssey orbiter.Each as large as a football field，they may be opening into natural caves below the Martian surface.
“If there is life on Mars，there is a good chance you'd find it in caves，” said Jut Wynne，one of the researchers who noticed the features while working on a US Geological Survey Mars Cave Detection Program.
Jonathan Clarke，a geologist with the Mars Society of Australia，yesterday described the discovery as exciting.
One photo taken at night by an infrared imager(红外线成像器) showed one hole to be unusually warm，suggesting hot air trapped during the day is flowing out.
“Wow，that's a cave，” Dr.Clarke said excitedly.“People have been looking for these for a long time；now we have found them.”
He agreed such caves would be perfect places to hunt or life escaping from the bitterly cold，radiation-soaked(充满辐射的)，dry surface.
“Tiny drops of water could collect inside，” he said.“If there are gases coming out，they could provide energy for a whole range of bacteria.A cave is also a protection from radiation；the surface of Mars is exposed to high levels of space radiation.”
The caves probably formed when tube-shaped lava flows(管状岩浆流) spread across the planet long ago.The outside of the tubes cooled，forming solid walls，while something hotter inside allowed the remaining lava to flow out，forming caves.
1What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．How the caves were formed on Mars.
B．How scientists found these caves in Mars.
C．Caves on Mars may be full of hot air or a sign of life.
D．Scientists have completely recognized the surface of Mars.
解析：主旨大意题。文章首先告诉了我们一个大的发现——火星上存在洞。接下来又讲述了这些洞的作用——为生命提供保护。综合全文可得出结论。
答案：C
2We can learn from the passage that______.
A．water has already been found on Mars
B．the scientists found all the caves at night
C．it is certain that there is life in these caves
D．the surface of Mars is latterly cold，radiation-soaked and dry
解析：推理判断题。由文章倒数第三段得知“这些洞将是寻找生命极好的地方，这里可以摆脱极冷的、充满辐射的、干燥的表面”从而可以得出答案。
答案：D
3According to the passage，Dr.Clarke was so excited because ______.
A．such caves could provide energy for life
B．they had finally found the caves on Mars
C．such caves would be perfect places to hunt for life
D．scientists had long been looking for these caves
解析：细节理解题。由文章倒数第四段可以得出结论。
答案：B
4Necessary condition for life on Mars mentioned in the passage may include______.
A．lava and energy
B．water and radiation from space
C．gases and lava
D．water and protection from radiation
解析：推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段“小水滴可以在里面收集，……，洞可以避免辐射，……”得出D项正确。
答案：D