2011年高考课标版英语课堂45分钟练习：必修5unit 1 great scientists11（练习）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2011年高考课标版英语课堂45分钟练习：必修5unit 1 great scientists11（练习） |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 23.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2010-11-08 14:09:00 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
2011年高考课标版英语课堂45分钟练习
Ⅰ.语法和词汇知识
1It is you as well as your wife that ______ your son's bad performance at school.
A．is to be blamed for B．are to be blamed for
C．are to blame for D．is to blame for
解析：题干中用了强调结构，主语是you，所以谓语要用复数；be to blame是固定句式，用主动形式表示被动意义。
答案：C
2—Johnson，come and look at the sea！It's beautiful，isn't it?
—Absolutely！If only I ______here by the sea.
A．had lived B．lived
C．live D．will live
解析：if only“要是……就好了；但愿”，用以表示对现在、未来的愿望，或者与过去事实相反的愿望。根据题意可知，这是现在的愿望，所以B项正确。
答案：B
3—Please ______ us in the discussion.
—I'd like to，but I'm ______busy at the moment.
A．attend；too B．join；much too
C．take part in；much too D．join；too much
解析：attend指参加会议、婚礼、典礼、上学、上课、听报告等较为正式的场合；join加入某一组织并成为其中一员；join in指参加活动，常用作join sb.in＋活动；take part in指参加某项活动并在其中起一定作用。much too后接形容词或者副词，表示“太……”。故只有B项符合题意。
答案：B
4The workers will go on strike if the demands they ______ put forward are turned down.
A．could B．would
C．/ D．had
解析：the demands后接定语从句，从句中的谓语是put forward，是一般过去时态，所以在put forward 前不再用情态动词。
答案：C
5______ twice a year，whether it is a car or a truck，is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.
A．Examining B．Examined
C．Having examined D．Being examined
解析：此题考查非谓语动词。Being examined twice a year系动名词短语的被动形式作了句子的主语。
答案：D
6—Do you like to buy the product an advertisement ______ on TV?
—Not really.I think it's better to look before we leap.
A．advises B．suggests
C．announces D．praises
解析：此题考查词义辨析。电视广告自然是“暗示”(suggest)人们买产品。其余advise“建议”；announce“宣布”；praise“赞扬”不合句意。
答案：B
7The official involved in the scandal said he was under ______ to make the false statement to the police.
A．control B．influence
C．pressure D．effort
解析：此题考查介词短语的区别。under pressure“在……的压力下”；under control“被控制住”；under influence“在……影响下”；effort多与with搭配。由题意可知，C项符合要求。
答案：C
8______ two giraffes，Zheng He later brought zebras，shells，elephant ivory back to China after his voyages.
A．Besides that B．Except
C．In addition D．Apart from
解析：此题考查介词辨析。besides“除……之外还有”；except“除……之外没有”；in addition“另外”；apart from“远离，除……之外”，包括besides和except的意思。根据句意，应该是“除……之外还有”，但A项应去掉that，C项in addition后应加to，所以只有D项是正确的。
答案：D
9—What about saving the drowning boy from the other side of the river?
—In my opinion，______.
A．it makes sense B．it's out of the question
C．it's up to you D．it's hard to say
解析：此题考查交际用语。make sense“有意义，行得通”；out of the question“不可能，不允许”；It's up to you “由你决定”；It's hard to say“很难说”。句意：——从河的那边抢救溺水的男孩怎么样？——我看可以。故选A项。
答案：A
10The country has acknowledged ______ every means to fight against any possible attack.
A．to have taken B．have taken
C．to having taken D．having taken
解析：句意：那个国家承认他们已经采取了一切措施去抵抗可能发生的任何攻击。acknowledge“承认”，后跟名词或动词-ing形式作宾语。
答案：D
Ⅱ.句子翻译
1他说他能治好我的病，但我还是不相信他。(cure)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：He says he can cure me but I still doubt him.
2所有学校统归教育部管理。(control)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：All schools are under the control of the Ministry of Education.
3这是我所学到的最宝贵的教训。(valuable)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：This is one of the most valuable lessons I have ever learned.
4他们报告说不久寒流就要来。(announce)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：They announced that a cold wave would come soon.
5他对于有关金钱的事很仔细。(strict)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：He was very strict in the matter of money.
Ⅲ.完形填空
I consider myself something of an expert on apologies.A quick temper has__1__me with plenty of opportunities to make them.In one of my earliest __2__，my mother is telling me，“Don't watch the __3__when you say，‘I'm sorry’．Hold your head up and look at the person in the __4__，so he'll know you__5__it.”
My mother thus made the key point of a(n) __6__apology：it must be direct.You must never __7__to be doing something else.You do not __8__a pile of letters while apologizing to a person __9__in position after blaming him or her for a mistake that turned out to be your __10__.You do not apologize to a hostess，whose guest of honor you treat __11__，by sending flowers the next day without mentioning your bad__12__.
One of the important things we should do for an __13__ apology is a readiness to__14__the responsibility for our careless mistakes.We are used to making excuses，which leaves no__15__for the other person to__16__us.Since most people are open-hearted，the no-excuse apology leaves both parties feeling__17__about themselves.That，after all，is the__18__of every apology.It __19__little whether the apologizer is wholly or only partly a fault：answering for one's__20__encourages others to take their share of the blame.
1
A．provided B．mixed C．compared D．treated
解析：provide sb.with sth.“提供给某人某物”；mix...with“把……和……混合”；compare...with“把……与……相比较”；treat...as“把……看作”。句意：“急性子让我有许多机会去道歉。”由题意可知，要用A项。
答案：A
2A.dreams B．courses C．memories D．ideas
解析：由下文的内容可知，这是作者的母亲告诉他的，所以应该是记忆中的事情。故此处用memory“回忆；记得的事情”符合题意。
答案：C
3A.side B．ground C．wall D．bottom
解析：由下文的“Hold your head up and look at the person in the __4__，”可知，作者的母亲告诉他道歉时不要看着地面，要抬起头看着对方的眼睛，“让他知道你是真心实意地道歉”。
答案：B
4A.mind B．soul C．face D．eye
解析：解析见3题。
答案：D
5A.imagine B．enjoy C．mean D．regret
解析：imagine“想象，设想”；enjoy“享受……的乐趣，欣赏，喜爱”；mean“怀有某目的；打算”，mean it“真是这个意思”；regret“为……感到遗憾，后悔”。
答案：C
6A.useful B．successful C．equal D．basic
解析：根据上下文可知，应该是你的道歉让别人感受到你的诚意并且能接受才算是成功的道歉。所以此处用successful“成功的”。
答案：B
7A.pretend B．forget C．refuse D．expect
解析：上文说过道歉要看着别人的眼睛，让别人感受到你的真诚，而不能道歉的同时假装在做着别的事情。所以此处用pretend“假装”。
答案：A
8A.hold on B．put away
C．look through D．pick up
解析：hold on“继续，不挂断，停止”；put away“放好，储存……备用”；look through“看穿；审核，浏览；温习”；pick up“捡起，拾起”。上文说道歉的时候别假装在做别的事情，所以此处应该是说不要假装在浏览信件。
答案：C
9A.poorer B．weaker C．worse D．lower
解析：根据该句中的“after blaming him or her for a mistake”，由常识可以推断出你要道歉的人职位比你低。故用lower“下级的”。
答案：D
10A.fault B．reason C．result D．duty
解析：由常识可以推出，应该是事实证明是自己错了，才向下属道歉。故用fault“错误，差错”。
答案：A
11A.cruelly B．freely C．roughly D．foolishly
解析：句意：“你冒犯了女主人尊贵的客人后，不要仅仅是第二天以送花的形式道歉而不提及你的不礼貌。”故此处用roughly“粗鲁地，粗暴地”。
答案：C
12A.manners B．excuses C．efforts D．roles
解析：bad manners“不礼貌”，是固定搭配。
答案：A
13A.active B．effective C．extra D．easy
解析：整篇文章讲的都是如何道歉才能让对方接受，认为你是真心实意地向他道歉。所以此处用effective“有效的”，和文章主题相呼应。
答案：B
14A.raise B．perform C．admit D．bear
解析：bear the responsibility for“对……承担责任”，是固定短语。
答案：D
15A.situation B．need C．sign D．room
解析：leave room for“为……留下空间”，是固定短语。
答案：D
16A.advise B．forgive C．warn D．blame
解析：句意：“我们习惯编造理由，这样做没有给对方留下原谅我们的空间。”故用forgive“宽恕，原谅”。
答案：B
17A.wiser B．warmer C．better D．cleverer
解析：上文说了编造理由不能让对方原谅我们，所以不去找任何借口的道歉会让对方感觉更好一些。对方接受了你的道歉，很显然自己也会感觉更好一些。故用better“更好”。
答案：C
18A.purpose B．method C．end D．advantage
解析：由上下文可知，向对方道歉并让对方接受这才是道歉的目的，所以用purpose“目的”。
答案：A
19A.cares B．matters
C．depends D．remains
解析：这句话的意思：道歉者是否要承担全部或者部分责任这不要紧：为自己的行为负责这会鼓励对方去承担自己应该的责任。
答案：B
20A.facts B．states C．rights D．actions
解析：answer for one's actions“为自己的行为负责”。
答案：D
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Physics is a different world now.Will there ever be another Einstein?
Scientists say a new Einstein will appear，but it may take a long time.After all，more than 200 years separated Einstein from his nearest rival (对手) ，Isaac Newton.
Many physicists say the next Einstein hasn't been born yet，or is only a baby now.That's because the searching for a unified (统一的) theory that would explain all the forces of nature has pushed current mathematics to its limits.New math must be created before the problem can be solved.
But researchers say there are many other factors working against another Einstein appearing anytime soon.
For one thing，physics is quite a different field today.In Einstein's day，there were a few thousand physicists worldwide，and fewer theoreticians.
Education is different，too.One extremely important aspect of Einstein's training that failed to be considered is the philosophy he read as a teenager.It taught him how to think theoretically about space and time.
And he was a skilled musician.The interplay between music and math is well known.Einstein would fiercely play his violin as a way to think through a knotty physics problem.
Today，universities have produced millions of physicists.There aren't many jobs in science for them，so they go to Wall Street and Silicon Valley to apply their analytical skills to more practical and rewarding efforts.
Besides，those who stay in science don't work alone.It's very difficult to imagine an independent person like Einstein ever tolerating this.
1Which of the following best explains why the next Einstein hasn't been born yet?
A．Education today doesn't pay enough attention to philosophy teaching.
B．It isn't known who will be another Einstein among newly-born babies.
C．Math today is limited and cannot help the further development of physics.
D．There were more physicists in Einstein's time than today.
解析：细节理解题。由第三段“That's because...can be solved.”可得出答案。
答案：C
2One of the reasons that made Einstein a great scientist is ______.
A．the lack of physicists in his day
B．the philosophy he read in his teens
C．learning from Isaac Newton
D．not going to work at Wall Street
解析：细节理解题。由“Education is...space and time.”可得出答案。
答案：B
3The underlined word “knotty” here probably means ______.
A．interesting and useful
B．important and meaningful
C．realistic and hard
D．difficult and puzzling
解析：推理判断题。通过拉小提琴而想出一个物理问题的解决方法，那这个问题肯定是不简单的。
答案：D
4From Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 6，how many reasons does the writer give for why another Einstein hasn't appeared?
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
解析：推理判断题。从这三段的“That's because the searching...mathematics to its limits；One extremely... as a teenager；For one thing，physics is quite a different field today.”我们可以推出共有三个原因。
答案：C
Ⅰ.语法和词汇知识
1It is you as well as your wife that ______ your son's bad performance at school.
A．is to be blamed for B．are to be blamed for
C．are to blame for D．is to blame for
解析：题干中用了强调结构，主语是you，所以谓语要用复数；be to blame是固定句式，用主动形式表示被动意义。
答案：C
2—Johnson，come and look at the sea！It's beautiful，isn't it?
—Absolutely！If only I ______here by the sea.
A．had lived B．lived
C．live D．will live
解析：if only“要是……就好了；但愿”，用以表示对现在、未来的愿望，或者与过去事实相反的愿望。根据题意可知，这是现在的愿望，所以B项正确。
答案：B
3—Please ______ us in the discussion.
—I'd like to，but I'm ______busy at the moment.
A．attend；too B．join；much too
C．take part in；much too D．join；too much
解析：attend指参加会议、婚礼、典礼、上学、上课、听报告等较为正式的场合；join加入某一组织并成为其中一员；join in指参加活动，常用作join sb.in＋活动；take part in指参加某项活动并在其中起一定作用。much too后接形容词或者副词，表示“太……”。故只有B项符合题意。
答案：B
4The workers will go on strike if the demands they ______ put forward are turned down.
A．could B．would
C．/ D．had
解析：the demands后接定语从句，从句中的谓语是put forward，是一般过去时态，所以在put forward 前不再用情态动词。
答案：C
5______ twice a year，whether it is a car or a truck，is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.
A．Examining B．Examined
C．Having examined D．Being examined
解析：此题考查非谓语动词。Being examined twice a year系动名词短语的被动形式作了句子的主语。
答案：D
6—Do you like to buy the product an advertisement ______ on TV?
—Not really.I think it's better to look before we leap.
A．advises B．suggests
C．announces D．praises
解析：此题考查词义辨析。电视广告自然是“暗示”(suggest)人们买产品。其余advise“建议”；announce“宣布”；praise“赞扬”不合句意。
答案：B
7The official involved in the scandal said he was under ______ to make the false statement to the police.
A．control B．influence
C．pressure D．effort
解析：此题考查介词短语的区别。under pressure“在……的压力下”；under control“被控制住”；under influence“在……影响下”；effort多与with搭配。由题意可知，C项符合要求。
答案：C
8______ two giraffes，Zheng He later brought zebras，shells，elephant ivory back to China after his voyages.
A．Besides that B．Except
C．In addition D．Apart from
解析：此题考查介词辨析。besides“除……之外还有”；except“除……之外没有”；in addition“另外”；apart from“远离，除……之外”，包括besides和except的意思。根据句意，应该是“除……之外还有”，但A项应去掉that，C项in addition后应加to，所以只有D项是正确的。
答案：D
9—What about saving the drowning boy from the other side of the river?
—In my opinion，______.
A．it makes sense B．it's out of the question
C．it's up to you D．it's hard to say
解析：此题考查交际用语。make sense“有意义，行得通”；out of the question“不可能，不允许”；It's up to you “由你决定”；It's hard to say“很难说”。句意：——从河的那边抢救溺水的男孩怎么样？——我看可以。故选A项。
答案：A
10The country has acknowledged ______ every means to fight against any possible attack.
A．to have taken B．have taken
C．to having taken D．having taken
解析：句意：那个国家承认他们已经采取了一切措施去抵抗可能发生的任何攻击。acknowledge“承认”，后跟名词或动词-ing形式作宾语。
答案：D
Ⅱ.句子翻译
1他说他能治好我的病，但我还是不相信他。(cure)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：He says he can cure me but I still doubt him.
2所有学校统归教育部管理。(control)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：All schools are under the control of the Ministry of Education.
3这是我所学到的最宝贵的教训。(valuable)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：This is one of the most valuable lessons I have ever learned.
4他们报告说不久寒流就要来。(announce)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：They announced that a cold wave would come soon.
5他对于有关金钱的事很仔细。(strict)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：He was very strict in the matter of money.
Ⅲ.完形填空
I consider myself something of an expert on apologies.A quick temper has__1__me with plenty of opportunities to make them.In one of my earliest __2__，my mother is telling me，“Don't watch the __3__when you say，‘I'm sorry’．Hold your head up and look at the person in the __4__，so he'll know you__5__it.”
My mother thus made the key point of a(n) __6__apology：it must be direct.You must never __7__to be doing something else.You do not __8__a pile of letters while apologizing to a person __9__in position after blaming him or her for a mistake that turned out to be your __10__.You do not apologize to a hostess，whose guest of honor you treat __11__，by sending flowers the next day without mentioning your bad__12__.
One of the important things we should do for an __13__ apology is a readiness to__14__the responsibility for our careless mistakes.We are used to making excuses，which leaves no__15__for the other person to__16__us.Since most people are open-hearted，the no-excuse apology leaves both parties feeling__17__about themselves.That，after all，is the__18__of every apology.It __19__little whether the apologizer is wholly or only partly a fault：answering for one's__20__encourages others to take their share of the blame.
1
A．provided B．mixed C．compared D．treated
解析：provide sb.with sth.“提供给某人某物”；mix...with“把……和……混合”；compare...with“把……与……相比较”；treat...as“把……看作”。句意：“急性子让我有许多机会去道歉。”由题意可知，要用A项。
答案：A
2A.dreams B．courses C．memories D．ideas
解析：由下文的内容可知，这是作者的母亲告诉他的，所以应该是记忆中的事情。故此处用memory“回忆；记得的事情”符合题意。
答案：C
3A.side B．ground C．wall D．bottom
解析：由下文的“Hold your head up and look at the person in the __4__，”可知，作者的母亲告诉他道歉时不要看着地面，要抬起头看着对方的眼睛，“让他知道你是真心实意地道歉”。
答案：B
4A.mind B．soul C．face D．eye
解析：解析见3题。
答案：D
5A.imagine B．enjoy C．mean D．regret
解析：imagine“想象，设想”；enjoy“享受……的乐趣，欣赏，喜爱”；mean“怀有某目的；打算”，mean it“真是这个意思”；regret“为……感到遗憾，后悔”。
答案：C
6A.useful B．successful C．equal D．basic
解析：根据上下文可知，应该是你的道歉让别人感受到你的诚意并且能接受才算是成功的道歉。所以此处用successful“成功的”。
答案：B
7A.pretend B．forget C．refuse D．expect
解析：上文说过道歉要看着别人的眼睛，让别人感受到你的真诚，而不能道歉的同时假装在做着别的事情。所以此处用pretend“假装”。
答案：A
8A.hold on B．put away
C．look through D．pick up
解析：hold on“继续，不挂断，停止”；put away“放好，储存……备用”；look through“看穿；审核，浏览；温习”；pick up“捡起，拾起”。上文说道歉的时候别假装在做别的事情，所以此处应该是说不要假装在浏览信件。
答案：C
9A.poorer B．weaker C．worse D．lower
解析：根据该句中的“after blaming him or her for a mistake”，由常识可以推断出你要道歉的人职位比你低。故用lower“下级的”。
答案：D
10A.fault B．reason C．result D．duty
解析：由常识可以推出，应该是事实证明是自己错了，才向下属道歉。故用fault“错误，差错”。
答案：A
11A.cruelly B．freely C．roughly D．foolishly
解析：句意：“你冒犯了女主人尊贵的客人后，不要仅仅是第二天以送花的形式道歉而不提及你的不礼貌。”故此处用roughly“粗鲁地，粗暴地”。
答案：C
12A.manners B．excuses C．efforts D．roles
解析：bad manners“不礼貌”，是固定搭配。
答案：A
13A.active B．effective C．extra D．easy
解析：整篇文章讲的都是如何道歉才能让对方接受，认为你是真心实意地向他道歉。所以此处用effective“有效的”，和文章主题相呼应。
答案：B
14A.raise B．perform C．admit D．bear
解析：bear the responsibility for“对……承担责任”，是固定短语。
答案：D
15A.situation B．need C．sign D．room
解析：leave room for“为……留下空间”，是固定短语。
答案：D
16A.advise B．forgive C．warn D．blame
解析：句意：“我们习惯编造理由，这样做没有给对方留下原谅我们的空间。”故用forgive“宽恕，原谅”。
答案：B
17A.wiser B．warmer C．better D．cleverer
解析：上文说了编造理由不能让对方原谅我们，所以不去找任何借口的道歉会让对方感觉更好一些。对方接受了你的道歉，很显然自己也会感觉更好一些。故用better“更好”。
答案：C
18A.purpose B．method C．end D．advantage
解析：由上下文可知，向对方道歉并让对方接受这才是道歉的目的，所以用purpose“目的”。
答案：A
19A.cares B．matters
C．depends D．remains
解析：这句话的意思：道歉者是否要承担全部或者部分责任这不要紧：为自己的行为负责这会鼓励对方去承担自己应该的责任。
答案：B
20A.facts B．states C．rights D．actions
解析：answer for one's actions“为自己的行为负责”。
答案：D
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Physics is a different world now.Will there ever be another Einstein?
Scientists say a new Einstein will appear，but it may take a long time.After all，more than 200 years separated Einstein from his nearest rival (对手) ，Isaac Newton.
Many physicists say the next Einstein hasn't been born yet，or is only a baby now.That's because the searching for a unified (统一的) theory that would explain all the forces of nature has pushed current mathematics to its limits.New math must be created before the problem can be solved.
But researchers say there are many other factors working against another Einstein appearing anytime soon.
For one thing，physics is quite a different field today.In Einstein's day，there were a few thousand physicists worldwide，and fewer theoreticians.
Education is different，too.One extremely important aspect of Einstein's training that failed to be considered is the philosophy he read as a teenager.It taught him how to think theoretically about space and time.
And he was a skilled musician.The interplay between music and math is well known.Einstein would fiercely play his violin as a way to think through a knotty physics problem.
Today，universities have produced millions of physicists.There aren't many jobs in science for them，so they go to Wall Street and Silicon Valley to apply their analytical skills to more practical and rewarding efforts.
Besides，those who stay in science don't work alone.It's very difficult to imagine an independent person like Einstein ever tolerating this.
1Which of the following best explains why the next Einstein hasn't been born yet?
A．Education today doesn't pay enough attention to philosophy teaching.
B．It isn't known who will be another Einstein among newly-born babies.
C．Math today is limited and cannot help the further development of physics.
D．There were more physicists in Einstein's time than today.
解析：细节理解题。由第三段“That's because...can be solved.”可得出答案。
答案：C
2One of the reasons that made Einstein a great scientist is ______.
A．the lack of physicists in his day
B．the philosophy he read in his teens
C．learning from Isaac Newton
D．not going to work at Wall Street
解析：细节理解题。由“Education is...space and time.”可得出答案。
答案：B
3The underlined word “knotty” here probably means ______.
A．interesting and useful
B．important and meaningful
C．realistic and hard
D．difficult and puzzling
解析：推理判断题。通过拉小提琴而想出一个物理问题的解决方法，那这个问题肯定是不简单的。
答案：D
4From Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 6，how many reasons does the writer give for why another Einstein hasn't appeared?
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
解析：推理判断题。从这三段的“That's because the searching...mathematics to its limits；One extremely... as a teenager；For one thing，physics is quite a different field today.”我们可以推出共有三个原因。
答案：C