课件32张PPT。Section Ⅲ Learning about Language and Using Languagecommand
(1)vt.& vi.命令，指挥，支配 command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事
command that sb.(should) do sth.命令某人应该做某事，从句用虚拟语气，其中的should可以省略。 The teacher commanded her to come immediately.
老师命令她立刻过来。
I was commanded by my father to study harder.
父亲命令我努力学习。
He commanded that I (should) start at once.
他命令我马上出发。
(2)n.命令，指令，掌握give a command发布命令
take the command of统帅……，指挥……
have a good command of...精通，掌握 Can you find the following command and request from Reading?
你能从“阅读”中找到下列命令和要求吗？
Fire when I give the command.我一下命令就开火。
He has a good command of the English language.他精通英语。 request
(1)vt.请求，要求request sth.from sb.向某人索要某物
request sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事
request that sb.(should) do sth.
要求某人做某事(从句用虚拟语气，并且should可以省略) ①You are requested not to smoke in the theatre.
请不要在剧院里吸烟。
②I request that you (should) come early.
我要求你早些来。
③Mary requested an MP5 from her grandpa.
玛丽向她爷爷要了一个MP5。 (2)n.要求，请求make a request for sth.要求某物，需要某物
make a request that从句 要求，需要
by request应邀
at the request of在……的请求下 ④We’re considering your request and will give you a reply in a few days.你的要求我们正在研究，过几天给你答复。
⑤I made a request that the students should be well prepared for the exam.我要求学生对考试做好充分的准备。
⑥We should make a request for help.我们应该请求援助。 recognize vt.
(1)辨别，认出
①Although many Americans move a lot，they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects.虽然许多美国人经常搬家，但是他们仍然能够辨别和理解彼此的方言。
②The moment I answered the phone，I recognized his voice.
我一接电话，就听出了他的声音。
(2)承认be recognized as...被承认为……
recognize sb.to be...承认某人是……
recognize that承认…… ③We all recognized him to be a great leader.
我们都承认他是一位伟大的领袖。
④I recognize that I am not fit for the job.
我认识到我不适合这个工作。
⑤Lincoln is recognized as one of the greatest presidents in America.林肯被认为是美国最伟大的总统之一。 1．The old pianist wouldn’t listen to our repeated request that he________in public again.
A．play B．played
C．would play D．was going to play
【解析】 request之后的that从句为同位语从句，需用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，其中should可省略，故选A项。
【答案】 A2．The police________the driver to stop the car immediately because it was running too fast in the street.
A．begged B．hoped
C．commanded D．requested
【解析】 command命令。句意为“警察命令那位司机马上停车，因为超速了”。beg乞求，请求；hope希望，其后面不跟不定式作宾语补足语；request请求，恳请，要求。
【答案】 C 3．The moment I picked the receiver I________his voice，although we hadn’t seen each other for nearly 20 years.
A．knew B．recognized
C．realized D．learned
【解析】 recognize指再次相见或接触时能“认出”“识别出”人或事物。
【答案】 B 4．He looked at the envelope and________Jenny’s handwriting immediately.
A．realized B．recognized
C．reminded D．remembered
【解析】 realize认识到，实现；recognize认出，辨别出；remind提醒；remember记得。由句意可知，B为正确答案。
【答案】 B play a part (in) 扮演一个角色；参与
①Geography also plays a part in making dialects.
地域对方言的产生也有一定的影响。
②Can’t you see she is eager to play a part in the new film?
难道你看不出她渴望在这部新电影中扮演一个角色吗？
③She plays an active part in local politics.
她积极参与地方政治活动。
④Computers play an important part in modern society.
计算机在现代社会中起着重要的作用。
⑤Television seems to play a big part in all their lives.
电视在他们的生活中好像起很重要的作用。 play a role (in/of)在……中担任角色；在……中起作用
⑥English plays an important role in our life.
英语在我们的生活中起着重要的作用。
play a part of扮演……角色
⑦I will play a part of an organizer in the activity.
我将在这项活动中担任组织者的角色。 believe it or not信不信由你
①Believe it or not，I didn’t get into trouble for being late for class today.信不信由你，我今天上课迟到了，但没受罚。
②Mr Brown came back home yesterday.Believe it or not，he was gone for years.
布朗先生昨天回来了，信不信由你，他失踪了好几年。
③Believe it or not，he walked 12 miles to get help for you.
信不信由你，为你们求援，他步行了十二英里。 1．It is so nice to hear from her.________，we last met more than thirty years ago.
A．What’s more B．That is to say
C．In other words D．Believe it or not
【解析】 句意为“收到她的来信太好了，信不信由你，我们上次见面还是30多年前”。What’s more.另外，此外，That is to say.也就是说，In other words.换句话说，Believe it or not.信不信由你。
【答案】 D2．________role she played in the film！No wonder she has won an Oscar.
A．How interesting B．How an interesting
C．What interesting D．What an interesting
【解析】 将感叹句转换为陈述句：She played an interesting role in the film.根据感叹句的构成规则，不难看出正确答案。
【答案】 D3．—Did you see the singer star last night?
—________，we were left waiting in the rain for two hours.
A．What’s more B．That is to say
C．In other words D．Believe it or not
【解析】 Believe it or not意为“信不信由你”。What’s more另外；That is to say也就是说；In other words换句话说。
【答案】 D 4．Most Irish people go to________church on Sundays and________church plays an important________in people’s lives.
A．the；the；part B．/；the；role
C．/；/；part D．the；/；role
【解析】 句意为：星期天大多数爱尔兰人都去做礼拜，教堂在人们生活中起着重要的作用。go to church意思是“做礼拜”，此时church前不加任何冠词；the church是指教堂。“起……作用”可以用play a part (in)；也可以用play a role (in)。
【答案】 B So people from the mountains in the southeastern US speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern US. 所以美国东南部山区的人们和西北部的人们几乎说一样的方言。
the same (...) as...和……一样；与……相同。same前总带定冠词。
①I have the same opinion as you.我和你有相同的观点。
②Could you buy me the same books as you gave Tom yesterday?
你能给我买一本和你昨天给汤姆的那本一样的书吗？
③She felt just the same as he did.她和他的感受相同。 (1)the same...as...指“一样的(但不是同一个)”。
This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.
这枝钢笔同我昨天丢失的钢笔一样。
(2)same...that...指“同一个”。
This is the same pen that I lost yesterday.
这就是我昨天丢的那枝钢笔。 Believe it or not，there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。
no such thing没有这样的事情
①There is no such thing as a free lunch.
世上没有免费午餐之类的好事儿。
②There is no such person in this office.
本办公室没有这种人。 such与all，no，some，any，few，little，many，much，several，one等词连用时，应位于它们的后面。
many such books许多这样的书
several such students几个这样的学生
no such man没有这样的人
③There is no such street in the city.
这城市没有那样的街道。
④One such book is enough.这样的书有一本就够了。 1．As a matter of fact，people in Britain speak the same language________Americans do.
A．which B．what
C．like D．as
【解析】 the same...as意为“同……一样”。
【答案】 D2．He is a kind and hard-working man.In fact，there are________people in the world.
A．many such B．such many
C．much such D．such much
【解析】 该句意为：“他是一位心地善良、辛勤工作的人，事实上世界上有许多这样的人。”
【答案】 A Ⅰ.单项填空
1．A general (将军) is a man who________(指挥) a large number of soldiers.
【答案】 commands
2．He walked along the street with a hat hoping no one would ________(认出) him.
【答案】 recognize
3．Mr White was asked by the officers to show them his ________(身份) card.
【答案】 identity4．Please fill out the form below to ________(要求) more information about our other services.
【答案】 request
5．We send messages to people around us through facial ________ (表情) and body movements.
【答案】 expressions
6．China is a large country and there are a lot of different ________(方言)．
【答案】 dialects Ⅱ.句型转换
1．A：People believe that he can offer the students some good advice.
B：________ ________ ________that he can offer some good advice________the students.
【答案】 It is believed；to
2．A：Although they didn’t agree with each other，they reached a conclusion finally.
B：Although they________ ________each other，they________ ________a conclusion finally.
【答案】 disagreed with；came to3．A：Actually，it was based more on German than present day English.
B：________ ________，it was based more on German than present day English.
【答案】 In fact 4．A：In the 1600’s，Shakespeare used a wider vocabulary than ever before.
B：In the 1600’s，Shakespeare________ ________ ________a wider vocabulary than ever before.
【答案】 made use of5．A：A great many people speak English in India.
B：India has________ ________ ________ ________English speakers.
【答案】 a large number of
6．A：In China，people began to use English in Hong Kong in about 1842.
B：In China，English________ ________ ________in Hong Kong________about 1842.
【答案】 has been used；since Ⅲ.选词填空communicate with；request；make use of；native；believe it or not；recognize1．________________，the Chinese football team has beaten Iran.
【答案】 Believe it or not
2．Today people________________a wider vocabulary than ever before.
【答案】 made use of 3．All languages change when cultures______________one another.
【答案】 communicate with
4．I hadn’t seen her for 20 years，but I________her as soon as she came into the room.
【答案】 recognized
5．After a long stay in England he’s back in his________land.
【答案】 native
6．He________him to leave the room as soon as possible.
【答案】 requested 课时作业
点击进入链接课件23张PPT。Section Ⅳ Grammar直接引语和间接引语(Ⅱ)—祈使句1．如果直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时要选用 ask，tell，order，require，demand 等表示祈使意义的动词作谓语，然后将该祈使句变成动词不定式作宾语补足语。
He said，“Get everything ready before 8∶00.”
他说：“在八点以前把一切准备好”。
→He told us to get everything ready before 8∶00.
他告诉我们在八点以前把一切准备好。The old man said，“Come here again next week.”
这老人说：“下周再来”。
→The old man asked us to go there again the next week.
这老人叫我们下周再去。 2．如果作为直接引语的祈使句是以let 开头的，则根据其意思在间接引语中用不同的句型。
(1)表示建议用“suggest＋动名词/that从句”。
John said，“Let’s go out for lunch.”
约翰说：“让我们出去吃午饭。”
→John suggested that we go out for lunch.
约翰建议我们出去吃午饭。“Let’s sell the old car and buy a new one，”said Peter.
彼得说：“我们把旧车卖掉再买辆新车”。
→Peter suggested selling the old car and buying a new one.
彼得建议卖掉旧车再买辆新车。 (2)表示劝告用“advise sb.to do sth.”或“advise＋that从句”。
The leader of the trade union said，“Let’s start to work at once.”
工会主席说：“咱们立即开工。”
→The leader of the trade union advised the workers to start to work at once.
＝The leader of the trade union advised that the workers should start to work at once.工会主席建议工人们立即开工。 (3)表示命令用“order＋that从句”或“said＋that从句”。
“Let no one be late，”said the headmaster.
校长说：“谁也不许迟到。”
→The headmaster ordered that no one should be late.
＝The headmaster said that no one was to be late.
校长下令说，谁也不许迟到。
(4)表示允许、同意常用“ask sb.to do sth.”句型。
“Let him repair the radio，father，”said Alice.
艾丽斯说：“爸爸，让他去修收音机吧。”
→Alice asked her father to let him repair the radio.
艾丽斯请求父亲让他修收音机。 3．否定的祈使句变为间接引语时，需在不定式前加not。
“Don’t make so much noise，children！”she said.
她说：“孩子们，不要制造这么多噪音。”
→She told the children not to make so much noise.
她告诉孩子们不要制造这么多噪音。 4．当直接引语形式上是疑问句，在表示请求、建议的意义时，可用ask sb.to do sth.或suggest＋that从句/doing或advise sb.to do sth.等形式转述。
“ Would you mind opening the door？”he asked.
“你介意把门打开吗？”他问。
→He asked me to open the door.
他让我把门打开。
“Why not go out for a walk？”he asked us.
“为什么不出去散步呢？”他问我们。
→He advised us to go out for a walk.
＝He suggested we go out for a walk.
他建议我们出去散步。 5．直接引语是感叹句时，间接引语可以用what或how引导，也可以用that引导。
She said，“What a lovely day it is！”
她说：“多好的天气啊！”
→She said what a lovely day it was.
＝She said that it was a lovely day.
她说这是一个好天气。
有些感叹句的转述要根据原句的意思采用适当的动词变为陈述句。
“Happy New Year！”he said.
他说：“新年快乐！”
→He wished me a Happy New Year.
他祝我新年快乐。 课时作业
点击进入链接ReadingTHE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISH
At the end of the 16th century，about five to seven million people spoke English.Nearly all of them lived in England.Later in the next century，people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that，English began to be spoken in many other countries.Today，more people speak English as their first，second or a foreign language than ever before. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.Look at this example：
British Betty：Would you like to see my flat ?
American Amy：Yes.I’d like to come up to your apartment.
So why has English changed over time？Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150，English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French.These new settlers enriched the English language and especiallyits vocabulary.So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.In 1620 some British settlers moved to America.Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too.English began to be spoken in both countries.
Finally by the 19th century the language was settled.At that time two big changes in English spelling happened：first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language.The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling. English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia.For example，India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.During that time English became the language for government and education.English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa.Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.In fact，China may have the largest number of English learners.Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell.现代英语的发展历程
16世纪末期，大约有五百万到七百万人说英语。几乎所有这些人都生活在英国。在随后的世纪，英国人开始航海并征服世界的其他地方，因此，英语开始在许多其他国家使用。如今，把英语作为第一、第二语言或外语来说的人比以前任何时候都多。
以英语为母语的人能够互相交流，即使他们所讲的英语不尽相同。看这个示例：
英国的贝蒂：你想去看看我的公寓吗？ 美国的艾米：是的，我想去拜访你的公寓。
那么，为什么英语经过一段时间发生了变化呢？实际上当不同的文化互相碰撞、交流时，所有的语言都会发生变化和发展。首先在大约公元450年 到1150年 的英国，人们所说的英语与今天所说的英语就很不一样。比起现在我们说的英语它更大程度上是基于日耳曼语的。然后逐渐地在大约公元800年 到 1150年，英语变得不再那么像日耳曼语了，因为英国首先是被讲丹麦语的人统治，后来是被讲法语 的人统治。这些新定居者丰富了英语语言尤其是它的词汇。 因此到17世纪莎士比亚能够使用比以往更丰富的词汇。在1620年一些英国人到美国定居。后来在18世纪一些英国人也被带到了澳大利亚。英语开始在这两个国家使用。最后在19世纪这种语言确定下来。在那时英语的拼写发生了两个很大的变化：首先塞缪尔·约翰逊编写了他的词典，后来诺亚·韦伯斯特编纂了《美国英语词典》。后者体现了美国英语拼写的不同特色。
英语现在在南亚也被作为一门外语或第二语言使用。例如，印度就有很多人可以说流利的英语，因为英国在1765年到1947年统治着印度。那段时期英语成为政府和教育语言。英语还在新加坡和马来西亚以及在像南非这样的非洲国家使用。今天在中国学习英语的人数正在快速地增长。事实上，中国可能拥有人数最多的英语学习者。中国英语会发展出自己的特色吗？只有时间可以证明。 Using LanguageSTANDARD ENGLISH AND DIALECTS
What is standard English？Is it spoken in Britain，the US，Canada，Australia，India and New Zealand？Believe it or not，there is no such thing as standard English.Many people believe the English spoken on TV and the radio is standard English.This is because in the early days of radio，those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.However，on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak. When people use words and expressions different from the “standard language”，it is called a dialect.American English has many dialects，especially the midwestern，southern，African American and Spanish dialects.Even in some parts of the USA，two people from neighbouring towns speak a little differently.American English has so many dialects because people have come from all over the world. Geography also plays a part in making dialects.Some people who live in the mountains of the eastern USA speak with an older kind of English dialect.When Americans moved from one place to another，they took their dialects with them.So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern USA.The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken.Although many Americans move a lot，they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects.标准英语和方言
什么是标准英语？是在英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、印度和新西兰所说的英语吗？信不信由你，根本就不存在什么标准英语。许多人认为，电视和收音机里所说的就是标准英语。这是因为在早期的电台节目里，新闻播音员被理所当然地认为说很好的英语。然而，即使在电视和收音机里你也会听到人们说话方式的差异。
当人们使用不同于“标准英语”的词语时，那就叫做方言。美国英语有很多方言，特别是中西部方言、南部方言，非裔美国人的方言以及西 班牙人的方言。甚至在美国有些地区，来自相邻城镇的两个人的讲话有时可能也会稍有不同。美国英语之所以有如此多的方言是因为美国人来自世界各地。
地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。住在美国东部山区的一些人说话带有比较古老的英语方言。当美国人从一个地方迁到另一个地方时，他们把方言随之带去。因此，美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部的人所说的方言几乎相同。美国是一个大国，国内的人们说着许许多多不同的方言。尽管许多美国人经常搬迁，他们依然能够辨别并且听懂彼此的方言。 课时作业
点击进入链接课件22张PPT。Different kinds of English
英语是全世界通用语言，全球有42个以上的国家的人们以讲英语为主。但是随着时间的推移，英语也随着社会的发展而发展，在不同的国家、不同的地区人们所讲的英语也不尽相同。English is a language spoken all around the world.There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.Most native speakers of English are found in the United Kingdom，the United States of America，Canada，Australia，South Africa，Ireland and New Zealand.In total，for more than 375 million people，English is their mother tongue.An equal number of people learn English as a second language.These people will perhaps speak the language of their own country at home with their family，but the language of the government，schools，newspapers and TV is English.This situation is found in countries such as India，Pakistan，Nigeria and Philippines.However，the number of people who learn English as a foreign language is more than 750 million.Everywhere in the world children go to school to learn English.Most people learn English for five or six years at school.In China students learn English at school as a foreign language，except for those in Hong Kong，where many people speak English as a first or a second language. In only fifty years，English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.English is the working language of most international organizations，international trade and tourism.Businessmen and tourists often come to China without being able to speak Chinese.Chinese businessmen，taxi drivers and students talk with them using English.English is also the language of global culture，such as popular music and the Internet.You can listen to English songs on the radio or use English to communicate with people around the world through the Internet.With so many people communicating in English every day，it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.Section Ⅰ Pre-readingStep one：Warming up1．How many languages do you know?
__________________________________
【答案】 Chinese，English，French，Japanese，Russian and so on.2．Which language do you think is the most widely used language in the world？Why?
_____________________________________________________
【答案】 English
(1)380 million people speak English as first language.
(2)Two thirds as second.
(3)A billion are learning it.
3．Do you know the difference between Americian English and British English？Try to write down the words.
__________________________________________________________Step two：Fast readingScan the text and then choose the best answer
1．From Paragraph 3 we can learn that from AD 450 to 1150，English sounded more like______.
A．German B．Chinese
C．French D．Russian
【答案】 A2．Why does India have a very large number of fluent English speakers?
A．Because Indians like learning English very much.
B．Because India has the largest number of English learners.
C．Because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.
D．Because India has a close relationship with Britain.
【答案】 C3．Where did most of the English speakers live at the end of the 16th century?
A．America. B．England.
C．South Asia. D．South Africa.
【答案】 B4．When did English begin to be spoken in many other countries?
A．In the 17th century.
B．At the end of the 16th century.
C．Between about AD 450 and 1150.
D．In the 19th century.
【答案】 A5．According to the text，which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Languages always stay the same.
B．Languages change only after wars.
C．Languages no longer change.
D．Languages change when cultures change.
【答案】 DStep three：Detail reading1．Read the text carefully and then find out the answers to the following questions.
(1)Why does English change over time?
__________________________________
【答案】 Because of cultural communication.
(2)Will Chinese become one of the world languages?
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Only time will tell.2．Listen to the tape and find a topic sentence for each part.
Paragraph 1： ___________________________________________________________
【答案】 The spread of the English language in the world.
Paragraph 2： ___________________________________________________________
【答案】 Native speaker can understand each other but they may not be able to understand everything.Paragraph 3～4： ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 All language change when cultures communicate with each other.
Paragraph 5： ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 English is spoken as a foreign language or second language in Africa and Asia.Step four：DiscussionWhy do you think people all over the world want to learn English?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 (1)Learning English can help us know much about the world.
(2)Learning English may help us get a good job in the future.(3)With so many people communicating in English every day，it has become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.
(4)English is the working language in most international organizations，international trade，so learning English is a must for us.Step five：Summary As you know，English has changed over time.Why？1.________all languages change and develop when cultures meet and 2.________with each other.At first，English was 3.________more on German than the English we speak 4.________.Then 5.________new settlers came and enriched the English language and especially its 6.________.So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to 7.________a wider vocabulary than ever before.In 1620 some British settlers moved to America.Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too.English began to be spoken in both countries.Finally by the 19th century the language was settled.At that time two big changes in English 8.________happened：first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language.The 9.________gave a separate10.________to American English spelling.
【答案】 1.Actually 2.communicate 3.based 4.at present 5．gradually 6.vocabulary 7.make use of 8.spelling 9.latter 10．identity 课件37张PPT。Section Ⅱ Language pointsbase
(1)vt.以……为基础；基于 base sth.on sth.以某事物为某事物的根据
be based on以……为根据 ①It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的，而我们今天所说的英语则不是。
②This news report is based entirely on facts.
这篇新闻报道完全是以事实为根据的。
③This film was based on a real story，which was very moving.
这部影片是根据真实故事改编的，很感人。
④One should always base one’s opinion on facts.
一个人的主张应该总是以事实为基础。
(2)n.基础，基地
⑤That company has offices all over the world，but their base is in Paris.那个公司的办事处遍布全世界，但总部在巴黎。 actually adv.实际上；事实上(＝in fact)
①Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.
事实上，当不同的文化互相交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所变化、有所发展的。
②Believe it or not，he actually won!
信不信由你，他真的胜利了！
③He looked calm，but actually he was very nervous.
他看起来虽然很镇定，但实际上却非常紧张。latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的
①The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.
后者体现了美国英语在拼写方面的不同特色。
②There are two ways to solve the problem.In my opinion，the latter seems much better.
有多种方法解决问题。依我看来，后一个看起来要好得多。
③The latter point is the most important.
后面提及的那一点是最重要的。 the former...，the latter...前者……，后者……
④There are two desks in the room.The former is yellow，the latter is red.房间里有两张桌子，前者是黄色的，后者是红色的。 1．Many students believe the choice of their courses and universities should________their own interest.
A．be based on B．base on
C．be basing on D．base at
【解析】 句意为：许多学生认为他们对大学和课程的选择应建立在他们自己的兴趣上。应用被动语态。
【答案】 A2．Of these two basketball teams，the former comes from the US；the________comes from England.
A．late B．later
C．latter D．lately
【解析】 the former...，the latter...前者……，后者……，为固定搭配。late迟到的，晚的；later稍后；lately最近，近来。
【答案】 C3．Many students believe that the choice of their courses and universities should________their own interest.
A．be based on B．base on
C．be basing on D．base at
【解析】 be based on...以……为基础，为固定搭配。
【答案】 Abecause of 因为
①We have made such great progress because of your help.
由于你的帮助，我才取得了这么大的进步。
②We will be late for the party only because of you.
只是因为你，我们去晚会将会迟到。
③He knew she was crying because of what he had said.
他知道她哭是因为他说的话。 辨析：because of与because
(1)because of是复合介词，后接名词、代词或what引导的宾语从句，在句中作状语。
He solved the problem because of what you had done.
因为你所做的，他解决了那个问题。
(2)because是从属连词，引导原因状语从句。
We were late because it rained.
＝We were late because of the rain.
因为下雨，我们迟到了。come up
(1)走近，上来
A policeman came up and asked if he could help.
一名警察走上前来问他可不可以帮忙。
I’d like to come up to your apartment.
我想去拜访你的公寓。
(2)(太阳、月亮)升起
The sun has come up.太阳升起来了。
(3)(话题、议题)被提出讨论
Your question came up at the meeting.
你的问题在会上被提了出来。(4)产生，发生
I’ll let you know if anything comes up.
如果发生什么事的话，我会让你知道的。
辨析：come up with与come up
(1)come up with “提出”，其主语是提出动作的发出者。
The boss came up with a new suggestion at the meeting.
老板在会上提出了一个新的建议。
(2)come up “被提出”，其主语是被提出的内容。
Many questions came up at the meeting，but none of them was important.许多问题在会议上被提出来，但没有一个重要的。at present目前，现在
I’m afraid I can’t help you at present.I’m too busy.
很抱歉，我现在帮不了你，实在太忙了。
They have no intention of getting married at present.
他们目前没有结婚的打算。 (1)at the present time也意为“目前，现在”，但the不可省去，其中present为形容词。
At the present time we do not need your help，we can manage ourselves.目前我们不需要你的帮助，我们自己可以应付过去。
(2)be present at出席
How many people were present at the meeting?
有多少人出席会议？
(3)for the present眼下，暂时
He is busy writing a book for the present.
他眼下正忙于写书。make use of 利用，使用
①So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.
到十七世纪时，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时候都大。
②I make use of my spare time to read books.
我利用空闲时间看书。
③We must make use of every minute to study.
我们必须利用每一分钟去学习。
④We should make full use of the Internet when we do research work.我们做研究工作的时候，应当充分利用因特网。 make good use of好好利用
make full use of充分利用
make the best use of充分利用，善用
make the most use of充分利用，尽量利用
⑤We should make full use of the resources we have.
我们应该充分利用现有的资源。 such as 例如……；像这样的
①English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa.
在新加坡、马来西亚及一些非洲国家，如南非，人们也说英语。
②Animals such as cats，dogs and horses are man’s friends.
诸如猫、狗和马之类的动物是人类的朋友。
③He has been to many countries such as Singapore，Canada and Australia.他去过很多国家，比如新加坡，加拿大和澳大利亚。 辨析：for example与such as
(1)such as用于列举，往往不能把事物全部列出。可以以“名词(，)＋such as＋被列举的事物”和“such＋名词＋as＋被列举的事物”形式出现。
Sweet foods，such as chocolate can make you fat.
甜食，像巧克力能使你肥胖。
We all study foreign languages，such as English，French or Japanese.我们都学外语，如英语，法语或日语。
(2)for example用于举例说明，通常只举一例，可以用于句首、句中、句末，往往用逗号隔开for example和被列举的事物。
I’d like to keep a pet，for example，a dog.
我喜欢养宠物，比如说狗。 1．Some languages，________Russian and German，are not easy to learn.
A．for example B．such as
C．namely D．that is
【解析】 such as常列举同类事物中的一部分，意为“例如”。for example常列举同类事物中的一个，其前后常用逗号隔开；namely相当于that is，意为“即”。
【答案】 B2．We should consider what use can be made________such a material.
A．of B．from
C．up D．in
【解析】 make use of为固定搭配，意为“利用；使用”，该题中把use提前。
【答案】 A3．All the people________at the party were his supporters.
A．present B．thankful
C．interested D．important
【解析】 句意为：所有出席晚会的人都是他的支持者。present “到场的，出席的”作后置定语。
【答案】 A4．Much to our disappointment，the sports meeting has been put off________the bad weather.
A．because B．because of
C．although D．since
【解析】 此题考查固定短语。句意为“使我们非常失望的是，运动会因天气不好而被推迟”。because，although，since为连词，后跟从句，故被排除。
【答案】 B5．—Have you________some new ideas?
—Yeah.I’ll tell you later.
A．come about B．come up with
C．come up D．come to
【解析】 句意为：“你有了什么新想法吗？”“噢，以后我会告诉你的。” come about发生；come up with提出；come up被提出。根据句意应为“提出”，故选B。
【答案】 B6．Ten minutes later，a bus________and everybody got on it.
A．came up B．added up
C．looked up D．put up
【解析】 考查短语辨析。come up在这里意为“到来”，符合题意：十分钟后，来了一辆车，每个人都上车了。add up加起来；look up查阅；put up展示，张贴。
【答案】 ANative English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.
以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。
even if或even though意为“即使，尽管”，引导条件状语从句或让步状语从句。①Even if it rains tomorrow we will leave for Beijing.
即使明天下雨，我们也要动身去北京。
②Mothers always love their children even if they make mistakes sometimes.尽管孩子们有时犯错，妈妈总是爱着他们。
③I won’t take part in his party even if he invites me.
即使他邀请我，我也不去参加他的聚会。
④He likes to help us even though he is very busy.
尽管他很忙，他还是愿意帮我们。
⑤He will not tell the secret，even though/if he knows it.
即使他知道这个秘密，他也不会说出来。It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
当时的英语更多是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。
more...than...与其说……倒不如说……①I was more angry than worried when they didn’t come home.
他们没有回家，与其说我担心倒不如说我生气。
②It was more the way he said it than what he said that made her sad.造成她不愉快的原因，与其说是他所说的话，倒不如说是他的说话方式。
③She was more sad than angry when her son lied.
当她的儿子撒谎时，与其说她生气倒不如说她伤心。
④He is more lucky than clever.
与其说他聪明，倒不如说他幸运。 1．Your uncle seems to be a good driver；________，I wouldn’t dare to travel in his car.
A．even so B．even though
C．therefore D．so
【解析】 even so，副词短语，意为“即使这样”。
【答案】 A2．Allow children the space to voice their opinions，________they are different from your own.
A．until B．even if
C．unless D．as though
【解析】 句意为“让孩子们有发言的空间，即使他们的观点与你自己的不同”。even if是“即使，尽管”的意思；as though意为“似乎，好像”；until表示“直到……，在……以前”；unless意思是“除非”。
【答案】 B3．—Do you think him naughty enough?
—I’m afraid he’s________than naughty.
A．more clever B．clever
C．much clever D．much more clever
【解析】 more...than与其说……倒不如说……。
【答案】 AⅠ.单词拼写
1．Jane and Mary are good friends；the________(前者) is a teacher，and the latter is a nurse.
【答案】 former
2．I can’t believe that it is the________(官方的) attitude toward the accident.
【答案】 official3．Mike sold some________(公寓) in the center of this city and made lots of money.
【答案】 apartments
4．It’s easy to see that he is a________(本地的) English man.
【答案】 native
5．The police are trying to find out the________(身份) of the man killed in the accident.
【答案】 identityⅡ.完成句子
1．While we were talking，a man________________(走过来)．
【答案】 came up
2．He is absent today________________(因为) his illness.
【答案】 because of
3．________________(目前) a great deal of research is being carried out to find a cure for AIDS.
【答案】 At present
4．He________________(在……中起重要作用) developing production.
【答案】 plays an important part in 5．Animals________________(例如) rabbits and deer continue to be active all winter，finding food wherever they can.
【答案】 such as
6．Things today________greatly________________(与……不同) what they used to be.
【答案】 are；different from
7．He will come on time________________(即使) it rains.
【答案】 even if8．The stories of Robin Hood________________mainly________________(根据……而来) traditions.
【答案】 are；based on
9．I want to________________(利用) the plastic to make a flower.
【答案】 make use of
10．Quite________________(许多) world famous paintings are on show in this exhibition.
【答案】 a number ofⅢ.句型必背
1．你知道并非只有一种英语吗？
Do you know that there is________ ________ ________ ________ ________English?
【答案】 more than one kind of
2．以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。
Native English speakers can understand each other________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the same kind of English.
【答案】 even if they don’t speak3．当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。
It________ ________ ________on German________the English we speak at present.
【答案】 was based more；than
4．所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。
So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________than ever before.
【答案】 make use of a wider vocabulary 课时作业
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