(共74张PPT)
Ⅰ.单词聚焦
1．__________ n． 重要；重要性
2．_______ n. 善良
3．_____ n. 秩序
4．________ n. 原则；准则
5．_______ n. 职位
6．_____ vt. 强调
stress
position
principle
order
kindness
importance
7．_____ vi. 辞职
8．______ n. 顾问
9．_________ adj. 有影响的
10．_______ n. 诚实
11．______ n. 公正
12．___________ n. 贡献
13．_____ vt. 发明
14．_______ n. 皮革
resign
adviser
influential
honesty
justice
contribution
invent
leather
15．____ adj. 柔软的
16．_______ n. 发明家
17．________ n. 争论；辩论；议论
18．_______ n. 自由
19．____ n. 燃料
20．________ n. 状况；条件；环境
soft
inventor
argument
freedom
fuel
condition
Ⅱ.短语扫描
1．be __ war with 与……交战
2．bring ___ 养育；抚养
3．be _____ of/take pride in 以……自豪
4．__ conclusion 总之
5．be similar __ 与……相似
6．look ____ 照顾
at
up
proud
in
to
after
7．become _________ in 对……感兴趣
8．be different ____ 与……不同
9．be _____ to 与……平等
10．take _________ of 利用
11．____ the first time 第一次
interested
from
equal
advantage
for
Ⅲ.原句突破
1．Treat others in the way ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(己所不欲，勿施于人)．
【答案】 you want to be treated
2．Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is________ ________ ________ ________(因为人是向善的)．
【答案】 that man is good
3．But it was also ________ ________ ________(一个时代)there were many great philosophers.
【答案】 a time when
4．You can just get in your car and________ ________ ________ ________(想去什么地方就去什么地方)．
【答案】 go wherever you want
5．He’s just invented a clock that________ ________ ________ ________ ________(不但能看时间) but also plays a song to wake you up!
【答案】 not only tells the time
equal adj.平等的，相同的
be equal to与……相等，等于；能胜任
All men are born equal.人生来都是平等的。
It is reasonable to demand equal pay for equal work.
要求同工同酬是合理的。
One li is equal to half a kilometer.一华里等于半公里。
It is equal to me whether he comes or not.
他来还是不来对我都一样。
I’m not equal to the position.我胜任不了那个职位。
(1)v.等于
Two and two equals four.二加二等于四。
(2)n.同等(对等)的人；对手；匹敌者
Jane has no equal in physics.珍妮在物理方面没有对手。
He’s my equal in strength.他和我力气一样大。
1.All the countries in the world should________each other，though some developing countries can’t equal developed ones________some sections.
A．be equal to；in
B．be equal with；on
C．be equal；on
D．be equal to；of
【解析】 be equal to与……相等，同等，平等；equal...in...在……方面比得上，与……相匹敌。
【答案】 A
2．He is not________to the position and we’d better get somebody else to do it.
A．fit B．good
C．equal D．interested
【解析】 be equal to胜任的。该句意为“他胜任不了那个职位， 我们最好另找他人做这件事”。
【答案】 C
order n．顺序，秩序，命令
in order按顺序，有条有理
out of order次序颠倒，不整齐，失灵
in order of...按……顺序
keep order维持秩序
put sth.in order把某物整理得井井有条
Please arrange the thing in order of the size.
请按照尺寸的大小排序。
Some teachers find it difficult to keep order in classes.
许多老师发现课堂秩序很难维持。
He gave orders for the work to be started immediately.
他发出指示要立即开始工作。
The machine is out of order.机器坏了。
Order came that the soldiers be withdrawn to the river bank.
有命令说士兵必须撤退到河岸边。
vt.命令
order sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事
order that clause 从句用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”形式(should可省略)。
The teacher ordered him to start as soon as possible.
＝The teacher ordered that he should start as soon as possible.
＝The teacher gave orders that he should start as soon as possible.
老师命令他尽早开始。
3.His house is well designed and everything inside it is put in________.
A．line B．order
C．sight D．way
【解析】 他的房子设计得很好，里面的每一件东西都放得井井有条。
【答案】 B
stress vt.强调；着重，重读
He stressed the need for understanding between nations.
他强调国家间互相谅解的必要。
I must stress that what I say must be kept as a secret.
我强调我说的话必须保密。
n.强调，重音，压力，紧张
lay/place/put stress on把重点放在……上；在……上用力
under the stress of为……所迫
cause/reduce stress造成/减少压力
He is under great stress because of his new job.
新工作使他感受到沉重的压力。
The boy stole under the stress of hunger.
那男孩为饥饿所迫而行窃。
The government lays stress on welfare work.
政府着重于福利事业。
4.The government has_____stress on the health of the students.Which of the following is wrong
A．put B．given
C．laid D．placed
【解析】 这里考查和stress搭配的动词，put/lay/place stress on为固定的搭配。
【答案】 B
honest adj.诚实的，正直的，前面加不定冠词时用“an”。
It is honest of sb.to do sth.(某人)做……是正直的
to be honest (with you)坦白说，老实告诉你(通常置于句首)
All my life I’ve tried to be an honest man.
我的一生中，我一直尽量做个诚实的人。
Give me an honest answer.给我一个坦率的答案。
He is very honest in business.他做生意很诚实。
It is very honest of you to tell the truth.
你说出了真相，真是坦白诚实。
To be quite honest，I don’t think we have a chance of winning.
老实说(说实话)，我认为我们没有获胜的可能。
(1)honestly adv.坦白地说，真正地；诚实地
You should tell your story honestly.你应老实把真相说出来。
Honestly speaking，that’s exactly what she said.
坦白说，那正是她所说的。
(2)honesty n．诚实，真诚
Honesty is the best policy.诚实为上策。
5.________speaking，he is such________boy that we all like him.
A．Honestly；an honest
B．Honest；a honest
C．Honest；an honest
D．Honestly；a honest
【答案】 A
contribution n．捐助，捐献的钱(物品等)，贡献
make contributions to...捐赠；做出贡献
I give a 10,000 dollar contribution to the Hope Project every year.我每年向希望工程捐1万美元。
People remember him for his contributions to the country.
人们因为他对这个国家的贡献而记住他。
He has made great contributions to the development of our company.他对我们公司的发展做出了巨大贡献。
contribute vt.捐款，捐助；提出；有助于
He contributed a lot of money to the Hope Project.
他捐很多钱给希望工程。
She contributed a lot of good ideas to the discussion.
她在这次讨论中提出很多好的意见。
A proper amount of exercise contributes to good health.
适度的运动有益健康。
6.Eating too much fat can_____heart disease and cause high blood pressure.
A．result from B．contribute to
C．attend to D．devote to
【解析】 result from归因于；contribute to导致；attend to注意，照顾；devote to献身于；致力于。
【答案】 B
condition n．状态，健康状况
in good condition状况良好，保存得好
One of the conditions of the job is that you should be able to use a computer.那个工作的条件之一是你要会用电脑。
The condition of my health prevents me from working hard.
我的身体条件使我不能努力工作。
He can’t still go for an outing，since he is in poor condition.
既然他身体不好，还不能出去。
The house is in poor condition.It needs to be repaired.
那房子已破旧了，需要维修了。
condition作“条件”讲，是可数的。
on one condition有一个条件
on condition that “如果，条件是，只要”，后接从句。
on no condition决不(放于句首时，句子用倒装结构)
I will let you go abroad only on one condition.
只有在一种条件之下我才让你出国。
You may borrow the book，on condition that you do not lend it to anyone else.你可以借这本书，条件是你不能再借给别人。
Anyone can go against his promise on no condition.
任何人都不能违背自己的诺言。
7.The girl is in poor________，which worries her parents very much.
A．position B．condition
C．situation D．strength
【答案】 B
bring up养育；提出(话题)；呕吐
We were brought up to respect the old.
我们被教导要尊敬老人。
If children are badly brought up，they behave badly.
孩子们如果教育不好，他们表现就差。
His new suggestion was brought up at the meeting.
他的建议在会议上被提出来。
This morning，she brought up all her dinner；obviously，she is ill.
今天早晨，她呕吐了，显然她生病了。
bring about带来，导致
bring back取回，带回
bring down使……降低
bring in拿回来，赚得，挣得
What brought about the change in his attitude
是什么使他改变了态度？
The photographs brought back many pleasant memories.
那些照片给人带来很多美好的回忆。
8.Young children should be_____to be honest and equal.
A．brought up B．brought out
C．brought down D．brought in
【解析】 bring up sb.to do教养……使之能……。句意为：应该教导小孩子诚实和平等。
【答案】 A
9．A great deal of science and technique has been________since China carried________reform and open policy.
A．brought down；on B．brought in；out
C．brought out；out D．brought up；on
【解析】 动词短语辨析题。carry on继续进行，进行下去；carry out实行，执行。句意为“自从中国实行改革开放以来，大量的科学技术被引进”。“引进，吸收”应用bring in。
【答案】 B
at war处于战争状态
The country has been at war with its neighbor for three years.
该国与其邻国已交战三年。
His country was at war when he returned.
他回国时，他的国家正处于战争状态。
A country that is at war can’t develop well.
一个处于战争状态的国家是发展不好的。
be at peace (with)与……保持友好，和平，和谐
He is never at peace with himself.他总是静不下来。
China expresses its wish to be at peace with the neighbouring countries.中国表达了与邻国和平相处的愿望。
10.The two countries have been________war________each other for more than five years.
A．at；for B．in；against
C．at；with D．in；with
【解析】 be at war with...“与……交战”是固定短语。
【答案】 C
Treat other in the way you want to be treated.
己所不欲，勿施于人。
way作为“方式；方法”的意思时，在句中作先行词，如果关系代词在定语从句中作状语，那么可以用that或in which来引导，that或in which也可以省略。
I don’t like the way that (in which) you laugh at her.
我不喜欢你嘲笑她的样子。
Would you like to perform once again the way (that/in which) you climbed up the high tree
你愿意再给我演示一遍你是怎样爬上那棵高树的吗？
the way跟定语从句，若关系代词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。
He offered some ways that/which worked very well in practice.
他提供了一些办法，这些办法在实践中很有效。
The way that/which you thought of to solve the problem was good.你想出的解决问题的办法很好。
11.What surprised me was not what he said but________he said it.
A．in the way B．in the way that
C．the way D．the way which
【解析】 not...but...连接的前后两部分应是并列成分，not后面所接的what引导的名词性从句决定了but后面应该是名词，所以排除A项和B项；the way作先行词，后面的连接词可以是that或in which或省略连接词，故C项正确。
【答案】 C
With the Industrial Revolution，factories appeared and mass production became possible for the first time.由于工业革命，工厂出现了，大规模的生产第一次成为可能。
for the first time意为“第一次”，表示有生以来第一次做某事，在句中作状语，有时for可省略。
Tom and Mary met in New York for the first time.
汤姆和玛丽在纽约初次相见。
(1)This is the first time that...这是第一次……
(从句动词用完成时态)
This is the second time that my father has been at sea.
这是我父亲第二次出海。
(2)the first time＋从句 第一次……
We fell in love the first time we met each other.我们一见钟情。
12.The little boy showed great interest________chemistry when he was doing it________the first time.
A．in；for B．on；for
C．in；on D．for；at
【解析】 show interest in sth.对……有兴趣；for the first time第一次，均为固定搭配。
【答案】 A
13．I thought her nice and honest________I met her.
A．first time B．for the first
C．the first time D．by the first time
【解析】 “the first time”在这里用做从属连词引导时间状语从句，表示“……就……”之意。
【答案】 C
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Tom was not pleased with his boss so he decided to r________.
【答案】 resign
2．The bus is ________(挤满了) with passengers.
【答案】 crowded
3．We never thought the news ________(传播) so fast.
【答案】 spread
4．Qiu Jin，as a fighter，called for e________ rights between men and women.
【答案】 equal
5．I won’t change my car as it is still in good c________.
【答案】 condition
6．Tom had to give up his p________ with the company.
【答案】 position
7．They are having an________(争论，争吵) about the children.
【答案】 argument
8．The electric light lamp is________(发明) by Edison.
【答案】 invented
9．Anyone can see the________(重要性) of good health.
【答案】 importance
10．After 10 years in prison，he was given________(自由)．
【答案】 freedom
Ⅱ.短语运用
bring up，bring about，at war，look after，lay stress on，in conclusion，for the first time，the first time，at one’s best，in principle
11．She asked for a three day leave to __________________her sick mother in hospital.
【答案】 look after
12．The government __________ welfare work for the disabled.
【答案】 lays stress on
13．_______，there is nothing that a human can do that a machine might not be able to do one day.
【答案】 In principle
14．During the 1940s，our country was __________ with Japan.
【答案】 at war
15．He was never ________early in the morning.
【答案】 at his best
16．Many important topics _________at the meeting.
【答案】 were brought up
17．Computers have ________many changes in the workplace.
【答案】 brought about
18．_______，the society has been developing very fast since the opening.
【答案】 In conclusion
19．All our classmates gathered _________after our graduation ten years ago.
【答案】 for the first time
20．I’ll never forget __________ I climbed the Great Wall.
【答案】 the first time
Ⅲ.完成句子
21．他发现屋子里的东西井然有序。
He found ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 everything in the house in good order
22．中国人民为世界和平做出了巨大贡献。
The Chinese people________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 have made a great contribution to the world peace
23．北京市的人口比济南的人口多。
The population of Beijing ________ ________ ________ ________ of Jinan.
【答案】 is larger/bigger than that
24．他因为友好而深受大家的尊敬。
He________ ________ ________by everyone________ ________ ________.
【答案】 is highly respected；for his kindness
25．有一段时间我很想念我父亲。
________ ________ ________ ________ ________I missed my father very much.
【答案】 There was a time when
课时作业
点击进入链接2011《龙门亮剑》高三英语一轮复习测试题
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．The English teacher laid particular________the need of reading aloud.
A．stress on B．importance
C．stress to D．strain on
2．The flooded area is in________of total neglect.The people have to live in makeshift tents under the most appalling________.
A．a condition；condition B．a condition；conditions
C．conditions；condition D．conditions；conditions
3．When the strike was on，the police were called out to________.
A．take action B．keep guard
C．keep order D．watch out
4．Charlie Chaplin________great contributions to the film industry.
A．took B．made
C．supplied D．invented
5．________，her health has improved，but she is still not really well.
A．All the way B．In a way
C．In the way D．By the way
6．Would you please read through my composition and correct the mistake in it________？
A．if some B．if possible
C．if only D．if any
7．This is the first time that he________to join us in a research.
A．agree B．agreed
C．has agreed D．will agree
8．I shall never forget the day________Shenzhou Ⅶ was launched，________has a great effect on my life.
A．when；which B．that；which
C．which；that D．when；that
9．Madam Curie，________life had once been very hard，was given two Nobel Prizes.
A．of whom B．for whom
C．for whose D．in whom
10．The way ________the professor introduced to the students was easy to understand.
A．in which B．in that
C．that D．of which
11．The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous.She ________before.
A．hasn’t flown B．didn’t fly
C．hadn’t flown D．wasn’t flying
12．—There is still a copy of the book in the library.Will you go and borrow ________？
—No，I’d rather buy ________in the bookstore.
A．it；one B．one；one
C．one；it D．it；it
13．For many years these two countries were________war，causing much suffering.
A．in B．at
C．on D．during
14．________by all the relatives，the old woman entered the room，________.
A．Followed；cried B．Following；crying
C．Following；cried D．Followed；crying
15．You must be careful not to borrow more money than you can________to repay.
A．offer B．provide
C．supply D．afford
Ⅱ.句子翻译
16．他就是提出这项新建议的那位代表。
________________________________________________________________________
17．他为他的学习成绩感到自豪。
________________________________________________________________________
18．你能解释一下迟到的原因吗？(reason)
________________________________________________________________________
19．你的房间太乱了，你得花点时间整理一下。(out of order；put...in order)
________________________________________________________________________
20．In conclusion，I would like to wish you continued success in the future.
________________________________________________________________________
Ⅲ.完形填空
After my 21 second graders finished reciting the text，they settled back in their seats.But Duane remained__21__.Duane was a bright and lovable student，__22__his mother，a single parent，had many problems such as drinking.__23__that he might have a bad night，I walked over to him to see what was wrong.As he looked up，I could see the__24__in his dark eyes.“Mrs Brown，aren’t you going to open my present？” he asked__25__.“I put it on your desk.” Getting back his gift from my desk，he handed it to me.I noticed my gift__26__to be a matchbox.Duane told me that this was really a jewelry box__27__a matchbox.As I opened it，the__28__of two beer caps surprised me.Duane__29__me that they were two silver earrings.He had noticed that I__30__wore earrings and wanted me to have some pretty ones.I was__31__by Duane’s creativity and thoughtfulness.__32__birth，one of my ears was slightly deformed (畸形的)．Fearing that wearing earrings might__33__to the ear，I avoided wearing them.But how could I__34__to wear these precious earrings given by this__35__child As I placed the earrings on my ears，my__36__clapped，and Duane stood proudly beside me.Since then，the matchbox remained on my desk.It__37__me of Duane’s act of kindness and of the lessons he taught me.Although his__38__at home was bad，Duane continued to see the good in life.Although poor，he still wanted to__39__.Whenever I see Duane’s gift on my desk，I feel encouraged.If I am having__40__reaching a student，I’ll try to be like Duane and give that student a piece of my heart. 21.A.sitting B．cryingC．standing D．speaking22．A.unless B．thoughC．so D．since23．A.Wondering B．ThinkingC．Finding D．Pointing24．A.hope B．joyC．hurt D．determination25．A.disappointedly B．angrilyC．happily D．shyly26.A.happened B．appearedC．used D．supposed27．A.as well as B．more thanC．except for D．rather than28．A.shape B．colorC．design D．sight29．A.persuaded B．fooledC．told D．encouraged30．A.only B．oftenC．once D．never31．A.frightened B．touchedC．knocked D．influenced32．A.Since B．UntilC．Before D．By33．A.do harm B．draw attentionC．add weight D．have an effect34．A.refuse B．offerC．agree D．wait35．A.generous B．honestC．special D．sad36．A.hands B．classC．audience D．friends37．A.convinced B．remindedC．proved D．showed38．A.performance B．experienceC．situation D．health39．A.please B．takeC．give D．accept40．A.chance B．possibilityC．intention D．difficulty
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Feeling lonely can make you sick.Doctors have long known that loneliness is associated with heart troubles，viral infections，and higher death rates.What they didn’t know is how this feeling causes illness.A study in the September issue of the online journal Genome Biology suggests that loneliness actually affects the very core of our bodies—our genes.
In a small population of patients，researchers surveyed more than 20,000 genes using DNA skills to compare how the genes of lonely and nonlonely individuals express themselves in molecular (分子) processes and，ultimately，in personal health.They found that gene expression is different at 209 sites in chronically lonely people and that many of those changes fit a pattern of elevated immune activation，inflammation (炎症)，and depressed response to infection.“We now have a molecular framework for understanding the relationship between social experience and physical health，”explains the study’s lead author，Steve Cole.
The study found that loneliness decreases the response of some body receptors，cutting off the immune control and anti－inflammatory effects of the stress－related hormone that also helps regulate the conversion of carbohydrates (碳水化合物) to energy.The depressed response of the stress－related hormone concurs with the known effects of loneliness and provides a potential target for treatment.
“This study—the first to link feelings with gene changes—is in some sense groundbreaking，”says Emma Adam，an associate professor at Northwestern University.“It fills in the black box.”
According to John Cacioppo，an author of the study and a psychologist from the University of Chicago，the work suggests that loneliness is a warning sign，much like physical pain.“This very process of feeling bad because of disconnection contributes to what it means to be human，”he says.“It makes us care for other people and want to reconnect when we’re disconnected.”
41.From the passage we know lonely people________.
A．have higher rates of diseases
B．have bad and little genes
C．are full of energy
D．are quick to the responses of some body receptors
42．According to the passage，which of the following statements is TRUE
A．The lonely people’s gene expression is quite different from the gene pattern of some diseases.
B．Researchers and doctors can deal with loneliness by regulating the stress－related hormone.
C．Loneliness is a warning sign of physical pain.
D．The study of loneliness is of little value at present.
43．The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to__________.
A．the work B．the process of feeling bad
C．loneliness D．to be human
44．Which of the following is the best suggestion to lonely people
A．Go to hospital to have a medical examination once a week.
B．Take more social activities.
C．Take more physical exercises.
D．Ring your friends when you need their help.
45．What’s the best title for the passage
A．Feeling Lonely Can Make You Sick
B．A Survey on Loneliness
C．Why Loneliness Is Bad for You
D．Genes and Loneliness
课时作业答案
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．A lay stress on意为“强调”。
2．B a condition of一种……状态；conditions (生活或工作上的)条件。句意为：遭受洪灾的地区完全一片荒芜，人们不得不在极其恶劣的条件下住在临时帐篷里。
3．C take action采取行动；keep guard站岗，守卫；keep order维持秩序；watch out警惕。根据句意选C项。
4．B make contributions to是固定短语，表示“对……做贡献”的意思。
5．B 句意为：在某种程度上，她的健康已有所改善，但她仍没好彻底。in a way在某种程度上；all the way一路上；in the way挡道，妨碍；by the way顺便问一下。
6．D if any在本句中相当于if there are any mistakes表示“如果有错的话”。
7．C 固定句型This/It is the first time that...常与现在完成时连用。
8．A the day在从句中作时间状语，可用on which或when来引导定语从句；第二空考查非限制性定语从句。which代替前面整个句子，that无此功能，且不能用于非限制性定语从句。
9．B 根据句子的意思可知，此处应该是“对于她来说，生活很困难”，所以要选for whom。
10．C the professor introduced to the students是定语从句，其中introduced的后面缺少宾语，四个选项中只有that可作宾语。
11．C fly的动作在主句谓语动词was very nervous之前发生，故应用过去完成时态。
12．A 第一个选项it指代的是前面提到的a copy of the book；第二个选项one代指的是书店里同类书中的一本。
13．B be at war在交战，固定短语。
14．D 主句的主语是the old woman，与follow是被动关系，而与cry是主动关系，所以分别用过去分词和现在分词作伴随状语。
15．D 句意为“你一定要小心别借太多钱而无法偿还”。根据句意，此处应该是表示“负担得起”，只有afford符合句意。
Ⅱ.句子翻译
16．He is the representive who brought up the new proposal.
17．He is proud of/takes pride in his study record.
18．Can you explain the reason why you are late
19．Your room is out of order.You’d better spend some time putting it in order.
20．总之一句话，我祝愿你们在将来继续获得成功。
Ⅲ.完形填空
【语篇解读】 Duane虽是一个单亲家庭的孩子，但是他对作者的一片真情深深地打动了作者。通过这件事作者懂得了如何和学生真诚相处。
21．C 根据上一句可知其他学生在背完课文后都坐下了，而Duane仍旧站着，其中but是个重要的信息词。
22．B 此处作者想要说明的是Duane是个聪明可爱的学生，尽管他的单亲妈妈有很多问题。
23．B 作者看到Duane还站着，以为他昨晚可能遇到什么事情，因此过去询问。此处只是作者的一种想法而已，故选B。
24．C 根据下文可知作者没有看Duane送的礼物，所以从Duane的眼神中可以看出他受到了伤害。
25．A 此处disappointedly(失望地)对应上文的hurt。
26．B 作者此时没有打开礼物，只是看礼物的外表，“好像(appeared)”是个火柴盒。
27．D Duane告诉作者这是个首饰盒，“而不是”(rather than)火柴盒。as well as和，more than超过，except for除了，均不符合语境。
28．D 作者打开盒子，看到的是两个啤酒瓶盖，这让她很吃惊。短语the sight of意思是“看见……”。
29．C Duane告诉作者这是两只银耳环。
30．D 根据下文提示I avoided wearing them可知作者因为天生耳朵有点畸形，所以“从不(never)”戴耳环。
31．B 作者被Duane的创造性和考虑周到“打动(touched)”了。
32．A 作者一出生时，一只耳朵就有点畸形。
33．B 作者担心戴上耳环，别人会注意到自己畸形的耳朵。draw attention to引起……的注意；do harm to对……造成危害；add weight增加重量；have an effect on对……有影响。
34．A 学生如此真诚，作者怎么能够“拒绝(refuse)”呢？
35．C 根据上文提示，从Duane的家庭背景来看，他是个“特殊的(special)”学生。generous慷慨的，honest诚实的，sad悲伤的，均不符合语境。
36．B 作者当着全班学生的面把耳环戴上，这时全班的学生都为她鼓掌。
37．B 每当作者看到那个火柴盒，就会想起Duane的善良以及他的行为给作者的启发。remind sb.of sth.让某人想起某事；convince sb.of sth.让某人相信某事；prove sth.to sb.向某人证明某事；show sb.sth.向某人展示某物。
38．C 根据第一段的提示可知Duane生活在单亲家庭，而且母亲有很多问题，所以他的“处境(situation)”不是很好。
39．C 尽管贫穷，Duane还是乐于“给予(give)”。please取悦；take索取；accept接受。
40．D 每当作者难以触动学生的心灵(即很难和学生沟通)的时候，作者就会像Duane那样，让学生感受到自己的一片真诚。have difficulty (in) doing sth.是固定句型。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
【语篇解读】 本文重点说明了孤独对人有害的原因。第一段点明了原因，第二、三段用调查研究进行证明。第四、五段说明该研究的意义。
41．A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知正确答案为A。
42．B 细节理解题。据第三段的“the stress－related hormone that also helps regulate the conversion of carbohydrates to energy”可知A正确。根据倒数第三段“provides a potential target for treatment”及最后一段内容可判断D项错误。根据最后一段“loneliness is a warning sign，much like physical pain”可判断C项错误。
43．D 细节理解题。it为形式主语。
44．B 推理判断题。根据第二段的“We now have a molecular framework for understanding the relationship between social experience and physical health”可得正确答案。
45．C 标题概括题。A项虽然为首句，但本文重在说明孤独对人有害的原因，故选C。
