课件50张PPT。必修3
Module 1 Europe 第一板块 重点单词
1. face vt. 面向; 面对n. 面孔
(1)face up to 敢于面对
be faced with 面对, 面临
face the music 接受批评(或惩罚)(2)face to face 面对面
in the face of 面对
【误区点拨】
(1)be faced with侧重指“面对着”这种状态, 而face sb. /sth. 侧重动作;
(2)face-to-face与face to face的区别在于: 前者通常只能作前置定语, 后者可以作状语或表语。【即时训练】单句语法填空
①Everyone needs a hand when _____(face) with
challenges.
→Everyone needs a hand when ______(face) challenges.
②If a student has kept a cat in his room for a week
since the warning, he ________(face) the Student Court. facedfacingwill face完成句子
③She had to _________the fact that he was guilty.
她不得不面对他有罪这个事实。face up to2. range n. 山脉; 范围; 幅度
vt. 排列; 变化; 包括……之间的各类事物
(1)a wide range of 大范围的; 各种各样的
within range of. . . 在……范围内; 在射程之内 【即时训练】完成句子
①(2016·上海高考)In recent years, stress has been
regarded as a cause of ______________medical
problems.
最近几年, 压力一直被认为是导致各种各样的问题
的原因。a wide range of②They have recorded all lost objects ranging _____
potatoes __golf gloves. 他们已记录了所有丢失的物品,
从土豆到高尔夫手套应有尽有。fromto【巧学助记】形象记忆range的含义3. situated adj. 坐落(某处)的; 位于(某处)的; 处于……境遇的
(1)be situated on/in/at. . . 位于……; 坐落在……
be badly/well situated 处境糟糕/良好
(2)situate vt. 使位于; 使处于
(3)situation n. 处境; 形势; 地理位置
in a(n). . . situation 处于……状态/境遇【误区点拨】
situate的用法与汉语表达习惯不同。在汉语中situate与建筑物是主动关系, 在英语中是被动关系, 因此在作状语或定语时常用过去分词。【即时训练】用situate的适当形式填空
①(2016·浙江高考)The effects of gossip vary depending
on the ________.
②The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, _______
in the heart of Melbourne’s CBD, is one of Victoria’s
leading visitor attractions. situationsituated③The company wants ________its headquarters in
the south. to situate【知识拓展】表示“坐落于, 位于”的短语还有:
①be located in/on/at. . .
②lie in/on/at4. sign vt. 签署; 签名; 做手势; 做记号n. 记号, 符号; 招牌; 迹象
(1)sign to sb. to do sth. 打手势让某人做某事
sign in/out 签到/签退
sign up 报名参加
(2)a sign of. . . ……的标志/迹象
make/give a sign to. . . 对……做手势【即时训练】写出黑体部分的含义
①(2016·江苏高考)She must be one of those one-hit
wonders that spring up from time to time, only to
disappear again without signs. ( )
②Europeans see a piggy bank as a sign of good fortune
and wealth. ( )迹象标志③(2016·浙江高考)It all begins here, by _________to
join an organization.
就从这里开始吧, 通过签名加入组织。
④He ___________________her voice.
他打手势要她把声音放低点。signing upsigned to her to lower【巧学助记】巧记sign多面含义 【易混辨析】5. Across prep. 横过; 穿过; 交叉; 在……另一边
adv. 横过; 在另一边
across from 在……对面
come across 偶然遇到【即时训练】完成句子
①(2016·天津高考)When walking down the street,
I ___________David, whom I hadn’t seen for years.
当在街道上散步的时候, 我偶然遇见了多年未见的
David。came across②The little pupil took his grandma by the arm
And ________________________.
这位小学生扶着他奶奶的胳膊把她送过了街道。
③Their house ____________________.
他们的房子就在我们家的对面。walked her across the streetis just across from ours【易混辨析】*The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across the deserts, over the mountains, through the valleys, till at last it reaches the sea. 【巧学助记】形象记忆across/through/over6. Opposite prep. 在……对面/对过n. 对立面, 对立物
adj. 相对的; 对立的, 对面的 adv. 在对面, 在对过
be opposite to 在……对面; 与……相反
just the opposite 恰恰相反
in the opposite direction 朝相反的方向【即时训练】完成句子
①__________St. Paul’s Church, where you can hear
some lovely music.
对面是圣保罗教堂, 在教堂里你能听到一些优美的
音乐。Opposite is②You’d never know they’re sisters—they ___
completely __________each other in every way.
你怎么也想不到她们是姐妹, 她们在各个方面都完
全相反。
③She didn’t make a mistake— _______________,
what she did was right.
她没有犯错误, 恰恰相反, 她所做的是正确的。opposite tojust the oppositeare④(2016·江苏高考)Opposites sometimes do attract.
译: ___________________________意见相左的人有时相互吸引。第二板块 常考短语句式
1. in terms of 就……而言; 在……方面; 用……的话; 据……
in the long/short term 就长期/短期而言
on good/bad terms with sb. 与某人关系好/不好
come to terms with. . . 妥协; 达成协议; 甘心忍受【即时训练】完成句子
①(2016·上海高考)Project managers evaluate the
performance of the team members __________what
they produce for projects, rather than the amount of
time they spend on them.
项目经理们评价员工的表现是根据他们的产品而不
是为此花费的时间。in terms of②In a society that tends to measure everything ________
___dollars and cents, we learn from a young age to
consider the costs of our decisions ________________.
在一个人们趋向于用金钱来衡量一切的社会里, 我们从
小就学会考虑我们在做决定时经济方面的成本。in terms of in financial terms③Learning is not always easy, but it is always beneficial
______________.
学习并不总是那么简单, 但从长远看它总是有益的。
④It is widely acknowledged that students should be
evaluated in terms of overall quality.
译: ______________________________________________in the long term人们广泛认为应该根据学生的全面素质来评价他们。2. on the other hand另一方面; 反过来说
on(the)one hand. . . on the other hand
一方面……另一方面……
at hand 在手边, 在附近; 即将到来
at first/second hand 直/间接地, 第一手地/二手地
by hand 用手in hand 在掌握中; 在进行中
hand in hand 手拉手; 密切关联
【即时训练】完成句子
①(2016·江苏高考)Human children, ________________
are extremely corporative.
另一方面, 孩子们极其善于合作。
②(2016·北京高考)To make it easier to get in touch
with us, you’d better keep this card _______.
为了更方便地联系到我们, 你最好随身带着这张卡。on the other handat hand③_______________, cars make our life more convenient,
but ________________, they will cause air pollution.
一方面, 汽车使我们的生活更方便; 但另一方面, 它们会
造成空气污染。
④Music and emotions go hand in hand.
译: _____________________________On the one handon the other hand音乐和人的情感是密切相关的。3. Between France and Spain is another mountain range
—the Pyrenees.
在法国和西班牙之间是另一座山脉——比利牛斯山脉。完全倒装三条件:
(1)表示方位或时间的副词, 如here, there, in, out, up, down, away, now, then等或表示方位的介词短语置于句首;
(2)谓语动词为be, lie, come, go, stand等动词;
(3)句子的主语是名词。注意: 若句子的主语是代词, 而不是名词时, 主谓不倒装。【即时训练】
①A couple of weeks passed and in walked this guy and
his wife again.
译: 几个星期过去了, _____________________________
_______。这个小伙子和他的妻子又一次走了进来完成句子
②The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city.
___________many stone sculptures of famous historical
figures. (stand)
大众广场是这个城市引人注目的景点。许多历史名人
的石雕像矗立在那儿。There stand③________________an old sick goat.
地上躺着一只有病的老山羊。
④_____________and away he ran.
他冲出来, 跑了。On the ground layOut he rushed【知识拓展】完全倒装的另一类形式 当表语是分词、副词、形容词, 主语比较长且主语是名词时, 为了保持平衡或强调表语, 常把表语放在句首, 引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为: 分词/副词/形容词+be+主语。 *Buried in the earth was a jar with lots of ancient coins in it. 埋在泥土中的是一个装满古币的罐子。4. Neither Amy nor Helen is English.
埃米和海伦都不是英国人。
(1)neither. . . nor. . . “既不……也不……, ……和……都
不”, 通常连接两个对等的成分, 用于否定两者。若连接
主语, 其谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。
(2)neither. . . nor. . . 连接两个分句, 并且neither和nor位
于分句句首时, 两个分句的主语、谓语都要部分倒装。【即时训练】完成句子
①This phenomenon is __________________; it is a fact
of college life, today and in the past.
这种现象既不好也不坏, 这就是今天和过去的大学生
活。neither good nor bad②Elizabeth Freeman could ___________________, yet
in her own sphere she had no superior or equal.
Elizabeth Freeman既不会读, 也不会写, 但在她自己的
领域里, 没有人能与她匹敌。
③______________changed her mind, __________do so.
她既没有改变主意, 也不打算这样做。neither read nor writeNeither has shenor will she④Neither Albert nor I am right.
译: _____________________艾伯特和我都不正确。课件38张PPT。Module 2
Developing and Developed Countries 第一板块 重点单词
1. measure vt. 测定; 测量; 评估; 有……长(宽、高等)
n. 尺寸; 措施
(1)be measured by/in 用……来衡量
(2)make. . . to one’s measure 按某人的尺寸做……
take measures(to do sth. ) 采取措施(做某事)【误区点拨】
(1)measure表示“措施”时, 常用其复数形式。
(2)measure表示“某物有……长(宽、高等)”时, 为不及物动词, 其后接表示事物长(宽、高等)的名词, 不用于被动语态和进行时态; 如果此意义的短语作后置定语, 要用现在分词的形式。【即时训练】单句语法填空
①(2016·北京高考)Although these ________(measure)
are not effective forever, they are vital for now.
②The number of them is less than 1, 000, so I hope you
can take some effective measures _________(protect)
them. measuresto protect③The new bridge under construction, __________
(measure) twice as long as the old one, is due to be
completed next month.
完成句子
④In the old days, my mother always made new clothes
_________________with Spring Festival coming.
过去, 妈妈在春节来临时总是为我量身做新衣服。measuringto my own measure2. position n. 位置; 姿势; 地位; 职务, 职位
in a(n). . . position 处于……地位/位置
in/out of position 在/不在恰当的位置
be in a position to do sth. (因有能力、金钱或权力而)
能做某事
hold the position of. . . 担任……的职务
take up (one’s) position 就位【即时训练】完成句子
①(2016·四川高考)Students _____________will be
keeping live statistics during basketball games.
处于这一位置的学生要在篮球比赛期间实时记录数
据。in this position②When I know all the facts, I’ll be ___________to
advise you.
在我了解所有的事实之后, 我就能给你提出建议了。
③At present she __________________company
manager.
她现任公司经理。in a positionholds the position of④If you were in my position, you would have
sympathy for those poor children.
译: 如果你_____________, 你也会同情那些可怜的孩
子。身在我的处境【熟词生义】
His remarks showed that he misunderstood my
position on the question.
(position意为: __________)态度, 立场【易混辨析】表示“处境”的同义词辨析3. figure n. 数字; 图形; 人物; 身材 vt. 计算; 认为; 描绘
(1)a key figure 一个关键人物
keep one’s figure 保持身材
(2)figure that. . . 认为……
figure on 期待, 指望; 依靠; 计划, 打算
figure out 算出, 想出, 理解, 断定, 解决
figure in 把……计算/考虑在内【即时训练】完成句子
①(2016·浙江高考)Children may have greater ability
___________things than scientists.
孩子们比科学家更有能力弄清楚事物。
②—I wonder how Mary has _____________(保持身
材)after all these years.
—By working out every day. to figure outkept her figure【巧学助记】figure一词多义 4. crowded adj. 拥挤的
(1)be crowded with 挤满了
(2)crowd n. 人群v. 挤满, 拥挤
a crowd of 一群, 一堆【即时训练】
①Several boys were crowded around Chad, who
declared with a proud smile that he sold six dozen the
day before. (改错) (____________________)crowded改为crowding②Today, as the world’s urban population explodes,
and cities become more crowded, taller, and more
crowded.
译: 今天, 随着世界城市人口的剧增, _________________
_______________________________。城市变得越来越拥挤, (楼房)越来越高了并且更拥挤了完成句子
③There are many video game houses near schools.
These places ______________________boys and girls.
学校附近有很多电子游戏厅, 这些地方经常挤着许多
男孩和女孩。are always crowded with④_______________lookers-on were there doing
nothing to help.
一大群旁观者在那儿袖手旁观。A large crowd of第二板块 常考短语句式
1. up to直到; 达到; 到……为止; 忙于; 胜任; 由……决定
be up to. . . 胜任……; 正在做……
live up to 不辜负, 做到
It is up to sb. to do sth. 该由某人做某事
It is up to you 随你的便; 由你来决定【即时训练】写出黑体部分的含义
①(2016·北京高考)California condors are North
America’s largest birds, with wing-length of up to 3
meters. ( )
②He hasn’t seen any elephant up to the present day.
( )多达直到③I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your
expectations. ( )
完成句子
④Don’t worry. He _______the job you offered him.
不用担心, 他能胜任你为他提供的这份工作。不辜负is up to⑤—Shall we have red wine or white?
—____________!
——我们来点红酒还是白酒?
——你看着办吧!
It’s up to you2. make efforts努力
spare no effort 不遗余力
without effort 不费力地, 容易地
in an effort to do sth. 试图做成某事【即时训练】完成句子
①(2016·上海高考)Humans have _______________
______to slow down global warming.
人类一直继续努力以减缓全球变暖。
②We should _____________to make up for the lost
time.
我们应当不遗余力地把失去的时间补回来。made continuouseffortsspare no effort③____________clean up quickly, Mrs Byrnes tossed
all the dishes into a big bread pan.
为了尽快收拾干净, Mrs Byrnes把所有的盘碟都丢进
了一个烤面包的大锅里。In an effort to【知识拓展】
“尽一切努力做某事”的表达法还有:
①try/do one’s best to do sth.
②do all that sb. can to do sth.
③do what sb. can to do sth. 3. Norway is at the top of the list, while the US is at
number 7. 挪威高居榜首, 而美国则排在第七。
(1)while作为并列连词, 表示对比转折, 意为“而, 然而”。
(2)while作为从属连词, 引导时间状语从句, 意为“当……
时候”; 引导让步状语从句, 意为“尽管, 虽然”。
(3)while用作名词, 表示“一会儿”。【即时训练】写出下列句子中while的含义
①(2016·北京高考)For the risk-seekers a part of the
brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the
rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes
active. ( )然而②(2016·江苏高考)While too many couples grow apart,
we were growing together. ( )
③He wrote his first novel while studying in a university.
( )尽管当……的时候4. It’s an agreement between towns or cities of similar
size and age, and which have similar features such as
tourism, industry, culture and entertainment.
这是大小和历史相似的城镇或城市之间的协议, 这些城
镇或城市有共同的特点, 如旅游业、工业、文化和娱乐
等。(1)be of+抽象名词= be+该名词对应的形容词形式(2)be of+much/some/no/a little, etc. +抽象名词
be of no use=be useless
(3)be of+ the same/different/a(n)+size(s)/weight(s)/
height(s)/age(s)/colour(s)/shape(s)/kind(s), etc. 【即时训练】句型转换
①It was a change that took place without being noticed
though it was of the extreme importance.
= It was a change that took place without being noticed
though it was __________________. extremely important②(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)The“Foreign Cultures”section in our
newspaper is very popular among us students.
=The“Foreign Cultures”section in our newspaper is
_________________among us students.
③The two children are of the same age, but are of
different heights.
译: ________________________________of great popularity这两个孩子年龄相同, 但身高不同。课件48张PPT。Module 3
The Violence of Nature 第一板块 重点单词
1. experience vt. 经历; 感受; 体验; 遭受 n. 经验; 经历
(1)experience in/of. . . 在……方面的经验
by/from experience 凭经验, 从经验中(得出)
(2)experienced adj. 有经验的, 熟练的
be experienced in/at 在……方面有经验【误区点拨】
experience作“经验”讲时为不可数名词, 前面可以用little, much等词修饰; 作“经历, 体验”讲时为可数名词。【即时训练】单句语法填空
①(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Simon is a comedian and actor who
has 10 years’ experience ____teaching comedy.
②(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Was positive news shared more
often simply because people ___________(experience)
more good things than bad things? in/ofexperienced完成句子
③Around 1870, _________________________________.
1870年它正经历经济繁荣。
④She ___________________looking after children.
在照看孩子方面她很有经验。it was experiencing an economic boomis very experienced in2. cause vt. 引起; 导致 n. 原因, 起因; 理由; 事业; 目标
cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事
(2)the cause of. . . ……的原因
cause and effect 因果【即时训练】单句语法填空
①(2016·四川高考)Night milk quickened the start of
sleep and caused the mice _______(sleep) longer.
②It is people’s attitude toward progress that ______
(cause) the type of influence that technology has on
society. to sleepcauses完成句子
③Carelessness is ___________his failure.
粗心是他失败的原因。
④Throwing waste everywhere ___________________
________in environment.
到处乱扔垃圾已给我们造成了严重的环境污染。the cause ofhas caused us seriouspollution3. occur vi. 发生, 出现; 被想起; 被想到
sth. occurs to sb. 某人突然想起某事
It occurs to sb. that. . . 某人突然想起……
It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事【即时训练】单句语法填空
①(2016·江苏高考)Years ago, a critical event ________
(occur) in my life that would change it forever.
②Observe carefully if any change ______(occur) when
doing experiments in the lab. occurredoccurs③Though, as children, we thought this was crazy,
it would never have occurred __us to deny Papa a
request.
完成句子
④_____________________that he should have failed
in the test. 我怎么也没有想到他竟然没有通过测试。toIt never occurred to me【知识拓展】表达“某人突然想起……”的句型还有:
①sth. hits/strikes sb.
②sth. comes to sb.
③It hits/strikes sb. that从句
④sb. comes up with sth.
⑤sb. hits/strikes on sth. 4. strike vt. (雷电、暴风雨等)袭击; 突然想到; 敲钟, 报时; 擦, 划(火柴) n. (雷电、暴风雨等)袭击; 罢工
(1)sth. strikes sb. 某人突然想起某事
It strikes sb. that. . . 某人突然想到……
strike sb. +介词+the+身体部位 打某人某处
be struck by. . . 被……打动; 被……击中(2)be on strike 在罢工
go on strike 举行罢工【即时训练】单句语法填空
①(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Just before September, Miller
__________(strike) by a car and lost his right arm.
②(2016·北京高考)The children of Nome would be
helpless if a deadly infectious disease ______(strike)
the town. was struckstruck单句改错
③Drawing back my free hand, I strike the bear as
hard as I could for five or six times.
( )strike改为struck【巧学助记】strike多面镜 【易混辨析】*An idea struck/hit him that his friend lived nearby when a stone hit him on the head, so he went up to knock at the door with his heart beating faster. 5. bury vt. 埋葬; 掩埋; 使沉浸, 使专心
bury oneself in=be buried in 专心致志于, 埋头于
bury one’s face in hands 用手捂着脸【即时训练】单句语法填空
①Mumbet’s tombstone still stands in the
Massachusetts cemetery where she ___ ______. (bury)
②The document was discovered ______(bury) in the
university archives(档案)by part-time history student
Lis Smith. was buriedburied③In the evenings he buries himself in his books. (句式
转换)
= In the evenings he __________his books.
每天晚上他都埋头读书。is buried in【知识拓展】表示“专心于”的短语还有: ①be devoted to ②be absorbed in ③be addicted to ④be lost in ⑤focus on ⑥concentrate on6. ruin vt. 毁坏; 毁灭 n. 毁灭; (pl. )废墟; 遗迹
come to/fall into ruin 灭亡, 毁灭
lie/be in ruins 成为废墟, 被毁灭, 破灭
the ruins of. . . ……的废墟/遗迹/遗址【即时训练】单句语法填空
①(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)A heavy rain ______the dinner.
一场大雨毁掉了晚餐。
②She was afraid that classical study __________(ruin)
his jazz-influenced style. ruinedwould ruin③Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake
and being reduced to _____(ruin), the city took on a
new look. ruins完成句子
④(2016·北京高考)When they returned to Rockaway
the next day, they found their neighborhood _______.
当他们第二天到达Rockaway时, 发现街区已经成了废
墟。in ruins⑤In some places, roads built to help farmers
___________.
在某些地方, 用来帮助农民的道路被毁坏了。fell into ruin【易混辨析】“毁坏”之辨第二板块 常考短语句式
1. end up结果为……, 以……结束
end up doing sth. 最终以做某事结束
end up in 以……告终; 结果为……
end up with 以……结束(指以某种方式结束)
end up as 最终成为……【误区点拨】
end up in后接表示结果的名词; end up with后接表示方式的名词或短语。【即时训练】单句语法填空
①(2016·北京高考)As the quality of Risk-taking was
passed from one generation to the next, humans ended
up ____a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.
②(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)At last I ended up ______(hit) the
set with my fist, and it stopped working altogether. withhitting③(2016·江苏高考)Maxime’s early entry into the adult
world with its responsibilities gave her the
determination to ensure that her kids would not end
up __Waterhouse’s roundabout of poverty. in2. They can destroy houses, but ___________________
__________________.
它们能毁掉房子, 却把房内的家具留在原处。
“leave+sth. /sb. +宾语补足语”为leave的复合结构, 此时
leave作使役动词, 表示“使/让……保持某种状态”, 常跟
复合宾语。构成如下: leave furniture insideexactly where it was【即时训练】单句语法填空
①(2016·北京高考)Because huge piles of snow blocked
his way, he had to leave the trail _____(get) around
them.
②(2016·浙江高考)My husband was ordered out on a
long-term duty, and I _______(leave) in a tiny shack
alone. to getwas left完成句子
③(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Then the person leaves it __________
_____, hoping that the book will have an adventure.
然后这个人把书放在一个公共场所, 希望它能够经历
一次冒险。in a publicplace④_______________________the children can’t reach it.
把药放在孩子们够不到的地方。
⑤Readers also tended to share articles that were
exciting or funny, but not articles that left them merely
sadly. (改错) (__________)
Leave the medicine wheresadly →sad3. When the lava reached the sea, there was the
possibility of a huge tidal wave which could flood half
the island. 当岩浆到达大海时, 有可能引起巨大浪潮,
它会淹没半个岛屿。There is/was a possibility that. . . 有可能……
There is/was no possibility that. . . 没有可能……
There is/was no possibility of (doing) sth.
没有(做)某事的可能性【即时训练】单句语法填空
①Is there any _________(possible) you could pick me
up at the airport?
②When parties are from different cultures, there’s a
strong possibility of ________________(misunderstand). possibilitymisunderstanding完成句子
③__________________that there is life on other
planets.
其他行星上有生命存在的可能性。
There is a possibility【知识拓展】表示“可能性”的句式结构: ①It is possible(for sb. )to do sth. ②It is possible/likely/probable that. . . ③Sth. is probable. ④sb. /sth. is likely to do sth. ⑤There is a chance that. . . ⑥There is a chance of doing sth. ⑦The chances are. . . 课件56张PPT。Module 4
Sandstorms in Asia 第一板块 重点单词
1. concerned adj. 关心的; 担心的; 有关的
(1)be concerned about/for. . . 关心……; 担心……
be concerned with. . . 与……有关, 涉及be concerned in 牵涉; 与……有关系
be concerned that. . . 担心……
as far as. . . concerned 就……而言/来说(2)concern n. 关心, 忧虑
vt. (使)担心; 涉及
show/express concern for/about sb. 关心某人
concern oneself about/for 关心, 挂念
(3)concerning prep. 有关, 涉及【误区点拨】
concerned充当前置定语时, 意为“关心的, 挂念的”; 如果表示“有关的”, 作定语要后置。例如: a concerned father一位担心的父亲; all the people concerned所有相关的人员。【即时训练】单句语法填空
①If you’re truly _________(concern), you’ll know
when your neighbor needs some cheering up.
②Nowadays people are more concerned _____the
environment where they live. concernedabout完成句子
③(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Others __________________using
gardening methods that require less water and fewer
fertilizers.
其他人关心使用需要更少水和更少肥料的园艺方式。are concerned about④___________________________, they are more
interested in how the other women dress than other
things.
就女性而言, 她们对别的女人的衣着打扮比对其他事
情更感兴趣。As far as women are concerned【巧学助记】concern语境串记 As far as I am concerned, educators should be concerned with the reform of education, and be concerned about the problems that are concerned with the healthy growth of the students. 依我看, 教育工作者应该关注教育改革, 并关心与学生健康成长有关的问题。2. urgent adj. 紧急的; 迫切的
(1)in urgent need of 急需
(2)urge vt. 催促; 极力主张
urge sb. to do sth. /into doing sth.
力劝/敦促某人做某事urge(sb. )on 力劝; 强烈要求
urge+that-clause 强烈要求; 极力主张从句谓语
动词用(should+)动词原形
(3)urgency n. 紧急; 紧急情况
urgently adv. 紧急地【即时训练】完成句子
①(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)In this box are some stem cells that
_________________for a patient.
盒子里装着病人急需的移植干细胞。are urgently needed②These days the industry’s ___________________
may be how to control the flow of tourists.
目前, 这个行业最紧迫的问题可能是如何控制游客
的流量。most urgent question③The public urged that the government ____________
__________________such cases from happening again.
公众强烈要求政府采取措施来防止此类案件的再次发
生。(should) takemeasures to prevent④The people in the earthquake-stricken area are
_______________food, medicine and shelters.
地震灾区的人们急需食品、药品和住的地方。
⑤After the flooding, people were suffering in that area,
who urgent needed clean water, medicine and shelter
to survive. (改错)
_________________in urgent need ofurgent改为urgently【知识拓展】 后接宾语从句时用“(should+)动词原形”的常见动词: insist, order, command, advise, suggest, recommend, require, request, demand, desire, propose等。3. complain v. 抱怨; 发牢骚; 投诉
(1)complain(to sb. )of/about sth.
(向某人)投诉/抱怨某事
complain(to sb. )that. . . (向某人)抱怨……
(2)complaint n. 抱怨; 投诉; 控告
make a complaint about/of sth. 抱怨/投诉某事
make a complaint to sb. 向某人抱怨/投诉【即时训练】单句语法填空
①(2016·浙江高考)If we complained _____ not having
what another kid did, we’d hear something like, “I
don’t care what so-and-so got for his birthday, you are
not getting a TV in your room a car for your birthday
a lavish sweet 16 party. ”about②Still others lay the blame on the Americans,
___________(complain) that pounds have piled on
thanks to eating too much American-style fast food.
③If you want to make a _________(complain), you
should go to see the manager. complainingcomplaint4. strength n. U力量, 力气 C长处, 优势
(1)with all one’s strength 用尽全身的力气
have strength to do sth. 有力气/意志做某事
build up one’s strength 强身健体
strengths and weaknesses 长处和短处, 优缺点
(2)strengthen vt. 加强; 增强; 改善
strong adj. 强壮的; 强烈的; 浓的【即时训练】单句语法填空
①(2016·四川高考)Dreaming about whether you would
want to read minds, see through walls, or have
superhuman ________(strong) may sound silly.
②(2016·浙江高考)Gossip __________(strong)
unwritten, unspoken rules about how people should act. strengthstrengthens③(2016·江苏高考)A study found that a ______(strength)
Nifio in 1997 helped American’s economy grow by
15 billion. strong完成句子
④Practising Chinese kung fu can not only ________
_____________, but also develop one’s character.
练习中国功夫不仅能够增强人的体质, 还能培养人的
性格。build upone’s strength⑤Not only can students improve their writing ability
in this way but also they ______________________
__________.
以这种方式, 学生们不仅能提高他们的写作能力, 而且
能增强自信心。can strengthen their self-confidence【易混辨析】5. major adj. 主要的; 重要的; 主修的 vi. 主修 n. 主修课程
(1)major in 主修
(2)the majority of 大多数
be in the/a majority 占大多数; 构成大部分(3)minor adj. 较少的; 次要的
(4)minority n. 少数; 少数民族
a minority of ……的少数
be in the minority 属少数派; 占少数【误区点拨】
“the majority of+n. ”作主语时, 其谓语动词形式可以是单数, 也可以是复数, 若强调整体时, 谓语动词常用单数, 若强调个体, 常用复数。【即时训练】单句语法填空
①(2016·天津高考)The ________(major) of them take
on online language test before starting their
programme.
②(2016·北京高考)In fact, he inspires me to major __
English in college to be a bridge between China and the
world. majorityin完成句子
③Tourism is _______________of income for this area.
旅游业是该地区主要的收入来源。the major source④For one thing, I hope to gain a bit more knowledge
of gardening so that it can help me to ________the
gardening after attending college.
首先, 我希望获得更多的园艺知识, 以便上大学之后
它可以帮助我主修园艺学。
⑤His major is chemistry. (句式转换)
=He _________chemistry. major inmajors in第二板块 常考短语句式
1. take in欺骗; 收留; 理解; 包括; 改小; 吸收
【即时训练】写出黑体部分的含义
①(2016·四川高考)The more fat you take in before
bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body
at night. ( )吸收②It was several minutes before I could take in what
he was saying. ( )
③I managed to rent a big enough house to take in a
handful of people. ( )理解收留; 留宿【知识拓展】
take off 起飞; 脱掉(衣服等); 开始获得成功
take over 接管; 占领
take place 发生
take out 拿出, 掏出; 把……带出去take down 记录下来; 拆除
take up 拿起; 占用; 开始(从事)
take on 承担; 呈现; 雇用2. cut down 砍倒; 削减; 缩小(尺寸、数量)
cut. . . down to 把……削减到
cut down on 减少; 削减
cut in 插话cut up 切碎; 使伤心
cut off 切断, 中断; 隔绝
cut out 切下; 删除
cut through/across 抄近路穿过【即时训练】完成句子
①(2016·北京高考)The town was ______from the rest
of the world due to heavy snow.
因为下大雪该镇已经和外界隔断。cut off②Since the plants took a while to grow, he started
____________trees to sell the wood.
由于植物需要一段时间的生长, 他开始砍伐树木来
卖木材。
③The community college has to ___________staff
to save money.
为了省钱, 那所社区学院只好裁员。cutting downcut down on④We need to ___the article _______1, 000 words.
我们得把这篇文章压缩到1 000字。cutdown to3. Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in
recent years as a result of “desertification”.
近些年来沙漠化导致的沙尘暴在中国似乎有所增加。
appear to do sth. 似乎要做某事
appear to be doing sth. 似乎正在做某事
appear to have done sth. 似乎已做过某事【即时训练】单句语法填空
①(2016·浙江高考)Though their ranges and tools differ,
the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment
appear _______(share) the same aim, overall approach,
and logic. to share②And the spirit of generosity behind the project
appears ______________(spread).
工程背后的慷慨精神似乎正在蔓延。
③From her look, she appears _____________(know)
the truth.
从她的表情看, 她好像已经知道了真相。to be spreadingto have known4. can’t help but不得不
can’t but do sth. 不得不做某事
can’t choose but do sth. 不得不做某事
can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事
can’t help(to)do sth. 不能帮忙做某事【即时训练】完成句子
①As I held my father’s hands one night, I ________
_____________their calluses and roughness. 一天晚上
当我握住爸爸的手时, 我不禁注意到他手上的老茧和
粗糙。couldn’thelp but notice②I _________________the picture whenever I look at
it.
无论什么时候看这张画, 我都禁不住要赞赏它。
③She can’t help but wonder what he is thinking.
译: _________________________can’t help admiring她不禁琢磨着他在想什么。5. The garbage is then taken away and, if possible,
recycled.
然后垃圾被带走, 如果可能的话会进行回收利用。
(1)在if, when, once, until, unless, while, as if等引导的状
语从句中, 如果主从句的主语一致, 或主语是it, 谓语动词
中含有be动词时, 有时为了使句子简洁, 可将主语和be动
词省略。在被动语态中有时也采用这种省略现象。(2)if引导省略的情况有下列几种:
if any如果有的话 if necessary如果需要的话
if so如果是这样的话 if ever如果曾经有的话
if not如果不这样的话 if possible如果可能的话【即时训练】完成句子
①(2016·浙江高考)Do street children go to school, and
_____(如果不的话), why not?
②He will, _________, go abroad for further study.
如果可能的话, 他会出国深造。if notif possible③____, you don’t have to buy anything, but it would
be kind if you did. 如果这样的话, 你不需要买什么东
西, 但是如果你买的话, 你就太好了。
If so6. The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic
moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it
difficult to see. 暴风有时持续一整天, 车辆开得很慢,
因为浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。
(1)“make+宾语+宾语补足语”是一个常用句式, 其中
作宾语补足语的可以是动词原形、形容词、名词或
过去分词。(2)如果make后的宾语是动词不定式或从句, 宾语补足语是形容词或名词, 这时往往把形式宾语it放在宾语的位置上, 把真正的宾语放在后面。find, feel, think, take等动词也有这样的用法。
【即时训练】单句语法填空
①This makes __even more difficult to say whether
classical music is relevant to young people.
②Many parents find it helpful _______(have) pets in
the house for their children. itto have课件45张PPT。Module 5
Great People and Great Inventions
of Ancient China 第一板块 重点单词
1. equal adj. 平等的; 相等的; 胜任的 v. 等于; 比得上
n. 同等的人或物(1)be equal to sth. /doing sth. (in. . . )
(在……方面)与……相等; 能胜任, 能应付
be equal with 与……平等
equal sb. /sth. in(doing)sth.
在(做)某事上比得过, 敌得过某人/物
without equal 无与伦比(2)equally adv. 相等地, 相同地
equality n. 平等, 同等; 均等【即时训练】单句语法填空
①(2016·北京高考)Learning to deal with the social
world is _______(equal) important.
②Women are still struggling for true equality ____
men.
③Men are born and remain free and equal __rights. equallywithin④They made reservations at restaurants where the
cost of a bottle of wine _______(equal) a college year’s
monthly rent.
⑤(2014·全国卷Ⅰ)There were more than 3 billion
passenger pigeons—a number equal __24 to 40 percent
of the total bird population in the United States. equaledto完成句子
⑥After a month’s training, he ___________the work as
a tractor driver.
经过一个月的训练, 他能胜任拖拉机驾驶员的工作了。
⑦He is a player ____________.
他是个无与伦比的运动员。was equal towithout equal【巧学助记】无与伦比的equal 2. order n. 秩序; 次序; 命令; 订购; 点的饭菜
vt. 命令; 订购; 点(饭菜)
(1)in order of 以……的顺序
in order 整齐, 秩序井然; 按顺序
out of order 发生故障; 混乱
place an order for sth. with sb. 向某人订购某物(2)order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
order+ that-clause 命令……【误区点拨】
order作动词时, 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气, 即从句的谓语要用“should+动词原形”, should可以省略; 作名词表示“命令”时, 相关的从句也要用虚拟语气。【即时训练】写出黑体部分的含义
①(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Without even seeing the menu, I
knew I’d be ordering every tomato on it. ( )
②(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Let’s number the letters of the
alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. ( )点菜秩序井然完成句子
③My clock is ___________and waked me up at 3 this
morning.
我的闹钟坏了, 今天早晨3点就把我叫醒了。
④The teacher placed the children __________height.
老师按照学生个子的高矮把他们排好队。out of orderin order of⑤The doctor ordered me to take a rest for a month.
(句式转换)
=The doctor ordered that I (should) take a rest for a
month. 医生指示我要休息一个月。
【巧学助记】order串记 He ordered his secretary to place an order for 100 books and arrange them in order of size. 他命令他的秘书去订购100本书并把它们按大小顺
序排列。3. stress vt. 强调; 施压于; 使紧张 n. 强调; 压力; 重音
(1)lay/put/place stress on sth. =stress sth.
把重点放在……上; 强调……
under stress 在压力之下
under the stress of 为……所迫(2)stress the importance of sth. 强调某事的重要性
stress that. . . 强调……
(3)stressful adj. 压力大的; 紧张的【即时训练】单句语法填空
①(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)If you feel _______(stress) by
responsibilities at work, you should take a step back
and identify those of greater and less importance. stressed完成句子
②One of the most effective ways ______________is
to talk about feelings with someone you trust.
一种最有效的减压方法就是和你信任的人谈谈你的
想法。to reduce stress③The English teacher _______________________
____________.
英语老师强调大声朗读的重要性。stressed the importance ofreading aloud4. condition n. 条件; 状况; 环境
(1)living/housing/working conditions
生活/住房/工作条件
(2)be in good/bad/poor condition
状况良好/恶劣; 健康/不健康
out of condition 身体不适(3)on condition (that) 在……条件下; 倘若
on no condition 决不【误区点拨】
(1)condition表示“(工作、生活或住房等)条件”时, 通常要用复数形式; 而表示“状况”时, 则为不可数名词。
(2)on no condition位于句首时, 句子要用部分倒装, 即将句子中的助动词、系动词、情态动词等置于主语之前。【即时训练】单句语法填空
①It was __ perfect condition, considering how old it
was.
②I agree to his suggestion ___the condition that he
drops all charges. inon完成句子
③(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)It improved __________________.
它改善了她的生活条件。
④She arrived late because her bicycle was _____
_________.
她的自行车出了毛病, 所以迟到了。her living conditionsout ofcondition【知识拓展】表否定意义的介词短语还有: ①under no circumstances 决不, 无论如何都不 ②by no means 决不 ③in no way 决不, 无论怎样也不 ④in no case 决不, 在任何情况下都不 ⑤on no account 决不 ⑥at no time 在任何时候都不第二板块 常考短语句式
1. bring up 养育; 抚养; 提出; 呕吐
bring about 引起, 导致(事故、变化等)
bring back 带回; 使回忆起某事
bring down 使……降低; 使……倒下
bring in 引入; 赚得; 挣得
bring out 显现出; 使发挥【即时训练】单句语法填空
①(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)A new collection of photos brings
an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage _____to life.
②(2016·江苏高考)What may El Ninos bring _____to
the countries affected? backabout③The main reason for my choice is that _____________
(bring) up in a culture emphasizing collectivism(集体主
义), I tend to sacrifice my own interest for the group
benefit.
④The Smiths are praised for the way they bring ___
their children. being broughtup完成句子
⑤The plan we have __________will ___________good
results. 我们提出的这项计划将会产生良好的效果。brought upbring about2. for the first time第一次
(1)for the first time第一次, 在句中作时间状语。
(2)the first time有以下两种用法:
①the first/second. . . time相当于一个连词, 常引导表示时间的状语从句, 意为“第几次做某事的时候”。②This/It is/was the first/second. . . time that. . . 意为“这是第几次……”, that可省略, 从句用现在/过去完成时态。
【即时训练】单句改错
①(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)I ran into Rani’s office the first time.
( )
②I knew I had to help Suzy Khan for the first time I
saw her. ( )
③I feel very nervous now because this is the first time
that I ___________(speak) at the meeting. (填空)the之前加for去掉forhave spoken句型转换
④(2016·北京高考)For the first time, I feel good about
myself because I’m doing something, not because
someone told me I was doing good.
= It is _______________I have felt good about myself
because I’m doing something, not because someone
told me I was doing good. the first time that3. Mencius believed that _____________man is
different from animals ______man is good.
孟子认为人不同于动物的原因是人性本善。
the reason why. . . is that. . . “……的原因是……”, 其
中why引导的是定语从句, is之后的that引导表语从句。the reason whyis that【误区点拨】
reason用作先行词时, 其后定语从句中的关系代词或副词的选择要依据定语从句所缺少的成分来确定:
(1)如果从句中缺少状语, 则要用why或for which引导定语从句, why有时可以省略; (2)如果缺少主语或宾语, 则要用关系代词that或which来引导定语从句, that/which在定语从句中作宾语时也可省略。
【即时训练】完成句子
①The reason __________________to the elderly man
was that she wanted to repay the favour she once got.
她主动给这位老人提供搭车的原因是她想偿还曾经得
到的恩惠。why she offered a lift②The reason why some people died young __________
______________________________.
一些人早逝的原因是他们不注意自己的身体健康。
③_______________________________at the meeting
________he didn’t catch the first bus.
他在会议上解释的理由是他没赶上早班车。is that theydidn’t pay attention to their healthThe reason(that/which)he explainedwas that4. Cars were first used at the end of the nineteenth
century, and were no faster than a horse. 人们最早使
用汽车是在19世纪末, 而且当时的汽车跑得并不比马
快。
(1)no+比较级+than. . . 和……一样不……, 否定两者。
(2)not +比较级+ than. . . 不如……, 否定前者, 肯定后
者。【即时训练】完成句子
①(2016·天津高考)There is nothing _______________
not succeeding.
没有什么比不成功更令人烦恼的了。more tiring than②Most scientists who study old age think that the
human body is designed to live _____________120
years.
研究老年的大多数科学家认为人体的结构设置决定
了人类最长活不过120岁。no longer than③In that sense, the elevator’s role in American history
has been ______significant ____that of cars.
从那个意义上讲, 电梯在美国历史上所起的作用和汽
车一样重要。
④He is _____________his younger brother, though
they are twins.
尽管是双胞胎, 但他不如他弟弟高。no lessthannot taller than课件46张PPT。Module 6
Old and New 第一板块 重点单词
1. date vi. 始于(某一历史时期) vt. 确定……的年代; 注明日期于 n. 日期; 约会(1)date back to/from 始于; 追溯到……
(2)up to date 现代的; 最新式的
out of date 过期的; 过时的; 不再流行的
to date=up to now 迄今为止; 到目前为止
have a date with sb. 与某人约会
set/fix a date for. . . 确定……的日期【误区点拨】
(1)date back to/from常指以现在的时间点为起点, 向前追溯到过去某个时间, 在句中作谓语时常用一般现在时态, 没有进行时和被动语态形式。
(2)当date back to/from用作定语时, 要用现在分词作定语。【即时训练】单句语法填空
①(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Stonehenge is one of the world’s
most famous prehistoric monuments ______(date) back
over 5, 000 years.
②That meaning dates back __the time of Thomas
Edison. datingto完成句子
③(2016·天津高考)The dictionary is __________: many
words have been added to the language since it was
published.
这本字典过时了: 自从它被出版, 很多单词被增加到这
个语言中。out of date④All our information is _________on the computer.
我们计算机上的信息都是最新的。
⑤Most Chinese people like the fairy tale of Cowboy
and Weaving girl, which __________the Han Dynasty.
大多数中国人都喜欢牛郎和织女的神话传说, 这个传说
可以追溯到汉朝。up to datedates from2. accommodate vt. 容纳(乘客等); 供应; 使适应; 向……提供 vi. 适应
(1)accommodate to 适应, 适合
accommodate oneself to 使某人自己适应……
accommodate sth. to sth. 使……适合/迁就/迎合……
accommodate sb. with sth. 帮忙; 给……提供方便(2)accommodation n. 住所; 办公处
make accommodations for 为……提供膳宿【即时训练】单句语法填空
①If you’re lucky enough to land such an
______________(accommodate), though, be
sure you’re 100 percent on time. accommodation完成句子
②Wherever he goes, he can _____________________
new circumstances.
无论走到哪里, 他都能适应新环境。
③He will ____________________the use of his house
while he is abroad.
他在国外期间将把他的房子给我使用。accommodate himself toaccommodate me with【熟词生义】 We’ve made every effort to accommodate your point
of view. (accommodate意为: _____)迁就【知识拓展】表示“使某人自己适应……”的结构还有 ①adjust oneself to ②adapt oneself to ③accustom oneself to3. remove v. 迁移; 搬迁; 除去; 开除; 消除
remove. . . from. . . 把……从……移开
remove from. . . to. . . 从……搬到……
be removed from school 被开除; 被勒令退学【即时训练】单句语法填空
①(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)When neither of these methods
________the static noise, I would sit helplessly and
wait for the noise to go away.
②Doctors even offer surgery of _________fat inside
and change the shape of the body. removedremoving完成句子
③(2016·北京高考)Condors with high levels of lead are
treated with a chemical that ________lead _____the
blood over several days.
几天前体内含铅水平高的秃鹫得到一种化学物质的
治疗, 以清除血液中的铅。removesfrom④Our office has been _____________Beijing __
Shanghai.
我们的办公室已从北京搬到了上海。toremoved from【易混辨析】4. freezing adj. 冷冰冰的; 极冷的 n. 冰点
(1)freezing cold 极冷
the freezing point 冰点
above/below freezing 零度以上/以下(2)freeze v. 冻结; 结冰
freeze to death 冻得要死
(3)frozen adj. 冷冻的; 冻坏的
be frozen to death 被冻死【即时训练】单句语法填空
①(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)_______(freeze) fish isn’t as tasty as
the fresh one.
②The first thing he did was to find shelter from the
_______(freeze) wind and snow. Frozen freezing③I was wrapped heavily and well sheltered from the
freezing and blowing weather.
译: 我把自己厚厚地包裹起来, _____________________。以免遭极冷风吹的天气完成句子
④The air temperature is now well _____________.
气温现在高出冰点好多度。
⑤He is nearly _____________, and he needs a hot
drink.
他几乎要冻死, 他需要一杯热饮料。above freezingfrozen to death5. narrow adj. 狭窄的; 狭隘的; 勉强的
v. (使)变窄; 缩小
(1)a narrow escape 九死一生
narrow victory/defeat 险胜/勉强击败
narrow-minded adj. 心胸狭窄的(2)narrow down 缩小……的范围
narrow. . . to. . . 把……局限在……之内
(3)narrowly adv. 勉强地; 差一点儿; 狭隘地【即时训练】写出黑体部分的含义
①Leaping on a narrow balance beam(平衡木)is not
easy. ( adj. _______)
②Parents and children should communicate more to
narrow the gap between them so that they can
understand each other better. ( vt. _____)狭窄的缩小完成句子
③A woman __________________yesterday when her
car left the road.
昨天有辆车翻出公路, 女司机死里逃生。
④The car _______________a cyclist.
汽车差点儿撞上一位骑自行车的人。had a narrow escapenarrowly missed第二板块 常考短语句式
1. hold back 阻止; 妨碍; 抑制(情感等); 隐瞒
hold on to 抓住; 保持; 保留
hold up 举起; 耽误
hold out 伸出; 提出; 主张; 维持
hold on 继续; 抓住不放; (电话)不挂断【即时训练】完成句子
①Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured because
they are unable to _________(阻止)the desire to buy a
house or car.
②I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the
toy, but _____________(被挡住)thankfully by the shop
window. hold backwas held back③You can _______(举起)your hand over the head.
④He _________(紧紧抓住)a branch until we came to
his rescue.
⑤How long will our food supplies ________(维持)? hold upheld on tohold out2. make sense有意义; 有道理, 讲得通, 可理解
make sense of 了解……的意义; 懂得
in a sense 在某一方面
in no sense 决不(位于句首要部分倒装)
There is no sense in(doing)sth.
做某事是没有意义的【误区点拨】
(1)make sense是物作主语, 无被动语态, 用to引出人; make sense of是人作主语, 可以用于被动语态, 用of引出物。
(2)make sense与make sense of中sense前不加冠词, sense本身也不能用复数形式。【即时训练】完成句子
①Unlike other cell phones, Jitterbug has plans that
__________.
不同于其他的手机, Jitterbug有一些很有意义的计划。
②Only after I read the poem a second time did I
______________.
我把这首诗又读了一遍之后才理解了它的含义。make sensemake sense of it③__________is that conclusion scientific.
那个结论决不是科学的。
④See, your computer has broken down again! It
doesn’t make sense to buy the cheapest brand of
computer just to save a few dollars.
译: 看, 你的电脑又出故障了! _____________________
_________________________。In no sense为了节省一点钱而买最便宜的电脑品牌是行不通的3. bring an end to结束; 终止
come to an end 结束, 完结
carry. . . through to the end 将……进行到底
on end 连续地; 竖着【即时训练】句型转换
①I hope this research will put an end to advocating
strictly timed baby feeding practices.
→I hope this research will ______________advocating
strictly timed baby feeding practices. bring an end to②The desire to be connected has brought solitude(独
居)to an end as we’ve known it.
→The desire to be connected has ____________solitude
as we’ve known it. put an end to完成句子
③I’m determined to __________________________
_______.
我决定把这项研究进行到底。
④It is reported that the job _____________last month.
据报道, 那项工作上个月就完成了。carry this research through tothe endcame to an end4. It took six years to build and cost US $20 billion.
(香港国际机场)花费了6年的时间才建成, 耗资200亿
美元。
It takes sb. some time to do sth. 意为“某人花费
时间做某事”, it在句中为形式主语, 后面的不定式短语
to do sth. 是句子的真正主语。此外take还表“需要”之
意。【即时训练】单句语法填空
①(2016·江苏高考)It didn’t take long for Shelly-Ann
________(realize) that sports could be her way out of
Waterhouse.
②It ____him a long time __open them and read.
③Believe it or not, __takes great courage __tell the
truth. to realizetooktoitto【知识拓展】同样“花费”, 用词不同 在英语中, take, spend, cost和pay都可表示“花费”, 但它们的用法是有区别的: (1)take表示“花费”, 往往只用于表示花费时间, 主语常是it(形式主语)、不定式或事物类名词; (2)spend的宾语既可以是时间, 也可以是金钱, 但动作发出者即主语必须是人, 若时间、金钱作主语则用被动语态。常用结构: spend time/money on sth. 和spend time/money (in) doing sth. ; (3)cost的宾语通常是金钱、时间、劳力, 也可以表达“使失去(生命、健康)”常接双宾语, 主语是物; (4)pay一般表示“付钱”, 主语是人, 常用结构: sb. pay money for sth. 某人为某物付钱。 *It took us half an hour to fix the washing machine. =We spent half an hour (in) fixing the washing machine. =The washing machine cost us half an hour to fix. 我们修理洗衣机花了半个小时。*The car cost him $15, 000. =He spent $15, 000 on the car. =He paid $15, 000 for the car. 这辆车花了他15 000美元。
