备考2011高效学习方案英语高一册：unit 7 cultural relics

本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
Unit 7　Cultural relics
(2009·北京东城质检)假设你是美国中学生Tom，请根据下图提示，给你的一个朋友写一封信，讲述一次你在北京观看奥运赛事的经历及感受。
注意：
1．词数不少于60；
2．开头已给出，但不计入总词数；
3．参考词汇：水立方——Water Cube。
Dear Linda，
How’s everything going？____________________
Yours，
Tom
[参考答案]
Dear_Linda，
How’s_everything_going I’m having an enjoyable time in Beijing now and I would like to share with you my experience of watching the Olympic Games. Yesterday, I, along with my friends went to the Water Cube to cheer for the American athletes in the diving competition. I waved the flag with efforts and took lots of photos of the wonderful moment. While watching them receiving the gold medal, I acclaimed excitedly without noticing my camera drop to the ground. On my way back to the hotel, I realized my camera was gone,
so I immediately rushed to the Lost and Found in the Water Cube to try my luck. Fortunately, I saw my camera there as well as some other items that were returned by volunteers. With the help of the staff working there, I found the volunteer and offered him some cash in return. To my surprise, he turned me down, saying that it was his duty to do so.
I was moved by their hospitality and sincerity. I felt grateful for their help.
Yours，
Tom
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．______(n.)　　官员；公务员
　 (adj.) 官方的；正式的；公务的
2．______(n.) 朝代；王朝
3．______(n.) 计划；方案；工程
4．______(adj.) 古代的；古老的
5．______(vt. & n．) 损害；伤害
6．______(vt.) 重建；复原；改造
7．______(vt.) 修复；重建
8．______(n.) 废墟；遗迹；毁灭；崩溃
9．______(vt.) 包括；包含
[答案]
1．official　2.dynasty　3.project　4.ancient
5．damage　6.rebuild　7.restore　8.ruin　9.include
Ⅱ.词汇拓展
1．limit→______(adj.)有限的
2．breath→______(v.)呼吸
3．pollution→______(v.)污染
4．period→______(n.)期刊
5．recreate→______(n.)创造
6．restore→______(同义词)→______(n.)恢复，归还
7．represent→______(n.)代表
8．cultural→______(n.)文化
[答案]
1．limited　2.breathe　3.pollute　4.periodical
5．recreation　6.recover; restoration
7．representation　8.culture
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．look ______ 小心；向外看
2．come ______ 实现
3．______ attack 遭受攻击
4．______ pieces 成为碎片
5．give ______ 放弃
6．lie ______ 位于；在于
7．set ______ 设立；创立
8．pull ______ 拆毁；摧毁；推翻
9．______...back to life 使苏醒；使生动；使活泼
10．______ ruins 成为废墟；遭到严重破坏
11．give ______ 让步；投降
12．fairy ______ 神话；童话；谎话
[答案]
1．out　2.true　3.under　4.in　5.up　6.in　7.up
8．down　9.bring　10.in　11.in　12.tale
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．Where there is a river, there is a city.
在有河流的地方往往有城市。
2．...the old palaces have been made as wonderful as in the past.
……古老的宫殿已经修复得与过去一样漂亮。
Ⅴ.重点语法
The Passive Voice: The Present Perfect Passive Voice(被动语态：现在完成时的被动语态)
Ⅰ.词汇聚焦
1. burn v. & n. (burnt/burned; burnt/burned)
[思维拓展]
①vi. & vt. 燃烧；烧掉
Paper burns easily.
②vt. & vi. 烧伤，烫伤；晒黑
My mother burned her finger while cooking.妈妈在做饭时烫伤了手指。
③发光；发烧
She burned with fever.她发烧了。
④burn...to the ground/ashes烧成灰烬
burn down (vt. & vi.) 使烧毁
burn off (vt.) 烧掉
burn up (vi.) 旺起来，烧起来
(vt.)烧光(程度较重，被完全烧毁)
⑤burn n. [C]灼烧；烫伤，火伤；烙印
rope burns被绳索磨伤
⑥burning (adj.)燃烧着的；极为重要的
burning cheeks通红发烫的双颊
a burning fever发高烧
burning sand烫脚的沙子
burning questions亟待解决的问题
burning hot炎热
Her face was badly ______ by the hot sun while she was working in the countryside.
A. burnt　　　　　　　B. hurt
C. hit D. shone
解析：by the hot sun是信息语。本句意为：在乡下工作时她的脸被烈日严重晒黑了。
答案：A
2．restore v. 重建；修复
[思维拓展]
rebuild重建 renew使更新
recreate再创造 replace把……放回原处
recycle再循环 retell再讲；复述
regain复得 reuse再利用
3．damage n. & v. 损害，毁坏
[思维拓展]
do/cause damage to损害……
pay for the damage赔偿损失
suffer damage蒙受损害
damage sth.损坏某物
China damages easily.瓷器容易破。
[指点迷津]
damage可指不同程度的损害、破坏。
destroy常指毁灭性的破坏。
harm一般指身心健康的损害、伤害。
They not only make it difficult to sleep at night, but they are ______ damage to our houses and shops of historical interest.
A. doing B. making
C. putting D. raising
解析：本题考查固定搭配，因damage只与do或cause搭配使用，所以只有A项正确。
答案：A
4．breath n. 呼吸，气息；breathe v. 呼吸，喘气
[思维拓展]
out of breath (＝breathlessly)上气不接下气
hold one’s breath屏住气息
take a deep breath (＝breathe deeply)深呼吸
catch one’s breath (因激动、兴奋、恐怖等)屏息；喘气
lose one’s breath喘不过气来
take/draw breath呼吸，休息一下
take a person’s breath away使某人大吃一惊
breathe hard/heavily大口喘气，费力喘气
breathe in吸气
breathe out呼气
out of danger脱离危险
out of order有毛病，坏了
out of question不成问题，毫无疑问
out of the question不可能
out of repair失修
out of control失去控制
out of date过时
out of sight看不见
out of sense失去理性
out of place脱落，不在恰当位置
All the morning he was busy repairing the machine, not even stopping ______.
A. breathing B. taking breath
C. for breath D. to take breaths
解析：题目的意思是“整个上午他忙于修理机器，甚至没有停下来休息。”take breath的意思是“喘气，休息”，breath不能用复数，而且在stop后表示目的，应用to take breath，排除B、D。stop breathing的意思是“停止呼吸”，不符合题意，所以答案是for breath。
答案：C
5．include v. 包括；把……列在内
[指点迷津]
①include侧重所包含的范围“把……包括在内”，contain侧重所包含的成分“在……中包含有……”。
The list contains all the books you referred to.
这个书目包含你所提及的所有书。
②including prep. 包括
included adj. 包括在内的
There are six people, including three women/three women included.有6个人，包括3名妇女。
As a secretary, your work ______ answering the phone.
A. including　　　　　　　 B. includes
C. contained D. contains
解析：题意“作为一名秘书，你的工作也包括接电话”，include侧重所包含的范围，可知排除C、D两项；用includes作句子谓语。
答案：B
6．ruin n. 废墟；遗迹；崩溃 v. 毁灭
[思维拓展]
ruin one’s hopes使希望破灭
ruin one’s health把身体搞坏
ruin oneself毁了自己
ruin n. 毁灭，损害，崩溃；(常用复数)废墟；遗址
bring sb. to ruin使……毁灭
go/come into ruin毁灭
the ruins of Rome古罗马的遗迹
in ruins成为废墟
[指点迷津]
①damage, destroy与ruin都表示“破坏，伤害，毁灭”之意，但damage通常是部分性的“伤害，损害”，并且能够复原或修复，可作动词，或不可数名词；
②destroy动词，指毁灭性的或十分彻底的“破坏”，含有不能或很难修复的意思，可用于借喻性的破坏；
③ruin指把某物损害到了不能修复、不能再使用的程度，常用于抽象的借喻中。
[注]指希望或计划的破灭常用destroy或ruin。
It rained continuously for seven days, completely ______ our holiday.
A. ruined B. to ruin
C. ruining D. ruins
解析：考查非谓语动词作状语，“连续下了七天雨”，这件事破坏了我们的假期，是主动“破坏”，用现在分词作结果状语。选A是谓语动词，和rained之间应有并列连词，故不能选A。
答案：C
7．limit n. & vt. 限制，减少；界限
[思维拓展]
limit...to...把……限制在/到……程度
a limit to sth.对某事的限制
the limit of one’s patience忍耐的限度
limited(adj.)有限的
limitless(adj.)无限制的
[注]limit通常与介词to连用。
There is a limit to one’s life, but there is no limit to ______ the people.
A. serve B. serving
C. serve for D. serving for
解析：与limit连用的to是介词，所以应用动名词形式，serve表示“服务”时为及物动词，不与for连用。
答案：B
Ⅱ.短语突破
1．set up建立；创立
[指点迷津]
①set up“开办，建立”，常和表示组织、机关、团体等意义的名词连用，这时和found意义相同。如：
set up a school/hospital/shop/state/government建立学校/医院/商店/州/政府
②build“建造；建设；建立”，是一般用语，常指建造大东西而言，其后可接具体的或抽象的名词。如：
build a road/house/ship筑路/建房/造船
build up逐渐建立，建设，增强
③put up着重指建造或搭起具有高度的具体的物质。在口语中set up和build也可用于此义。如：
put up a building/tent建楼/搭起帐篷
④found除表示建立组织、机关、团体之外，还指打基础，用基金建设。如：
found a city/party/university/theory建设城市/建党/创办大学/创作理论
[注]表建立商店、企业等时，也可以用start或open。如：
start/open a factory/a shop/business
A board ______ by the side of the wall on which these words ______， “Danger! Keep off！”
A. set up; wrote
B. put up; wrote
C. was put up; are written
D. was set up; were written
解析：“竖起牌子”得用put up，故排除A、D；牌子是被竖起的，字是被写上去的，得用被动语态。
答案：C
2．give in 让步；投降
[思维拓展]
give in to sb.向……屈服/投降
give up放弃
give away赠送；泄露
give off发出(气味等)
give out放出(气体、液体等)；分配
Don’t mention it at the beginning of the story, or it may ______ the shocking ending.
A. give away B. give out
C. give up D. give off
解析：根据题意：“别在故事开头就提及此事，否则会泄露令人怵目惊心的结局。”可知应用give away“泄露”。
答案：A
3．bring...back to life使……苏醒；使……生动活泼
[思维拓展]
bring about (＝cause)引起，造成
bring down (the price of sth.)降低……的价格；使下降
bring out生产，出版，显示
bring forward(＝put forward)提出
bring up(＝raise)抚养，培养；呕吐
bring sth. to an end结束……
bring in引进；吸收
bring into使开始
bring back带回来
When you go to the post office, would you please ______ me back some stamps
A. bring B. take
C. carry D. fetch
解析：take“拿走；带走”，carry“搬；拿；背”，fetch“去取来”，bring back“带回来”。
答案：A
Ⅲ.句型归纳
1．Where there is a river, there is a city.有河流的地方就有城市。
[指点迷津]
①where作为连接副词，可引导名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句，并在从句中作时间状语。
I don’t know where they have gone.
我不知道他们去哪儿了。
You should put the book where it was.
你应当把书放回原处。
②有时where引导一个含有条件意味的状语从句。
Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。
I work in a business ______ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.
A. how B. which
C. where D. that
解析：关系副词where在句中引导定语从句，并在从句中作地点状语，相当于in which。
答案：C
2．...and we will do everything we can to save our city.……我们将尽我们所能来拯救我们的城市。
[思维拓展]
尽某人之所能来(做某事)
I think we should do everything we ______ stop the factory polluting the air.
A. to B. can to
C. be to D. can do
解析：句中含有do everything we can to...结构，can后省略了动词do。
答案：B
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网