备考2011高效学习方案英语高一册：unit 22 a world of fun

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Unit 22　A world of fun
(2009·湖北五市联考)在全国人大会议上，有位代表就北京奥运提出了一项议案：奥运会前和奥运会期间，北京市政府提供5万辆崭新的自行车以供中外游客租用，人们可在地铁出口、奥运场馆、宾馆等地租用自行车。
请你就下面观点一或观点二写一篇短文，同时发表自己对该议案的看法。
观点一：骑自行车有助于强身健体，还可以降低空气污染，缓解交通堵塞等。
观点二：租车、还车麻烦，停放不便，还容易被盗等。
注意：
1．词数：100左右；
2．标题和开头已给出(不计入文章总词数)；
3．参考词汇：①人大代表 an NPC deputy ②减缓堵塞 ease congestion ③尾气排放 exhaust emission
A Bicycle Rental Proposal for Beijing Olympic Games
An NPC deputy put forward the proposal that____
_____________________________________________
[参考答案]
A Bicycle Rental Proposal for Beijing Olympic Games
An_NPC_deputy_put_forward_the_proposal_that Beijing city government put 50,000 bicycles for rent before or during the Olympic Games. New bicycles will be available close to exits of subway stations, commercial districts, Olympic stadiums, hotels and office buildings.
I quite agree with the proposal, though there will be a challenge in managing the renting and returning of the bicycles. As we know, Beijing’s sky remains mostly gray partly because of exhaust emission. To pull many motor vehicles off the roads every day is, too, a solution to air pollution and traffic congestion. Cycling is also a good exercise, especially for those working in offices. Only by doing so will we offer tourists a choice to enjoy fresh air as well as the Olympic Games in Beijing.
Possible Version Two：
A Bicycle Rental Proposal for Beijing Olympic Games
An_NPC_deputy_put_forward_the_proposal_that Beijing city government put 50,000 bicycles for rent before or during the Olympic Games. New bicycles will be available close to exits of subway stations, commercial districts, Olympic stadiums, hotels and office buildings.
I can’t agree with the proposal completely, with the following reasons. First, it is not very convenient for tourists to rent and return the bicycles. Second, it also needs a lot of extra space to park bicycles. Third, bicycles are frequently stolen in the city, which will probably annoy and give more trouble to those who rent them. It will also take more time to go to the distant destinations by bike than by bus, though it is still not a bad choice.
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．______(n.)　　　 　　　扭曲；盘旋
　 (vi.) 扭弯；缠绕
2．______ (vt. & vi.) 雕刻
3．______ (vt.) 冒……的危险
　 (n.) 冒险；风险
4．______(n.) 部分；区域
5．______(n.) 吸引人的事物；
吸引；吸引力
6．______(n.) 纪念物；纪念品
[答案]
1．twist　2.carve　3.risk　4.section　5.attraction
6．souvenir
Ⅱ.词汇拓展
1．imagination→______(adj.)想象力丰富的→______(v.)想象，幻想
2．injury→______(v.)伤害；损毁
3．divide→______(n.)分开；分配
4．educate→______(n.)教育
5．thrill→______(adj.)令人胆战心惊的→______(n.)恐怖影片
6．minority→______(n.反义词)多数
7．attraction→______(adj.)迷人的→______(v.)吸引，引起
8．amusement→______(adj.)好笑的，有趣的
[答案]
1．imaginative; imagine　2.injure　3.division
4．education　5.thrilling; thriller　6.majority
7．attractive; attract　8.amusing/amused
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．______ one’s way 一路尖叫着
2．make ______ 确定，确保
3．feel ______ doing 喜欢做……，想做……
4．______ danger 处于危险之中
5．be divided ______ 被划分成……
6．______ common 共同；共有
7．base...______ 以……为基础
8．combine A ______ B 把A与B结合
9．cut ______ 切掉；切断；突然中止
10．lead ______ 通向
[答案]
1．scream　2.sure　3.like　4.in　5.into
6．in　7.on　8.with　9.off　10.to
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．What they all have in common is that they combine fun with the opportunity to learn something.
它们的共同点是把娱乐和学习的机会结合在一起。
2．It seems that people just cannot get enough of scary rides and exciting adventures.
仿佛人们对惊心动魄的兜风和刺激冒险永远玩不够似的。
Ⅴ.重点语法
v．－ing形式作状语
Ⅰ.词汇聚焦
1．divide v. 分；划分；分开；隔开
[指点迷津]
divide是把整体分成若干部分。
divide...into...把……划分成……
divide sth. in half (＝divide sth. into halves)
把……一分为二
divide sth. between把……在两者中分配
divide sth. among
把……在三者(或三者以上)中分配
(be) divided by除以
separate是指把原来挨在一起的或是靠近的人或物分离开或隔开。
separate A from B　把A与B分离
A be separated from B　A与B被分开
separate A and B by C　用C把A和B分离/开
be separated by C　被C分离
separate...into...把……分成……
______ from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.
A. Being separated
B. Having separated
C. Having been separated
D. To be separated
解析：此题考查分词作状语。题意：和其他大陆分离几百万年之后。澳大利亚现在拥有世界上许多国家未曾发现的动植物。从句意可知，Australia与separate之间应是被动关系，故排除B；而不定式应作目的状语，故排除D；A表示“正在被……”。故答案应为C，表示此动作发生在前。
答案：C
2．amusement n. 消遣；娱乐(活动)
[思维拓展]
amuse vt. 意为“使……快乐，逗笑；给……提供娱乐”。其用法如下：
amuse sb./oneself (with)．..使……玩得很开心
be amused at/by/with...以……为乐
be amused to do sth.做……取乐
3．imagination n. 想象；空想；想象的事物
imagine v. 想象
[思维拓展]
imagine sth.想象……
imagine (one’s) doing想象(某人)做……
imagine sb. doing想象某人做……
imagine that－clause想象……
imagine sb./sth. to be...想象某人/某物是……
beyond imagination难以想象
I can hardly imagine Peter ______ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
A. sail　　　　　　　　 B. sailing
C. to sail D. to have sailed
解析：从上面imagine的用法可知，imagine后接动词时，应用动名词形式。故答案为B。类似用法的动词(词组)还有：admit, advise, allow, avoid, appreciate; escape, enjoy, delay, finish, forbid, mind, miss, permit, practise, suggest, look forward to, devote oneself to, object to, stick to, lead to, feel like, give up等；注意：permit/allow/forbid/advise doing sth.; permit/allow/forbid/advise sb. to do sth.。
答案：B
4．prevent v. 防止；妨碍
[思维拓展]
①prevent sb. (from) doing sth.
阻止某人做某事(from可省)
②stop sb. (from) doing sth.
阻止某人做某事(from可省)
③keep sb. from doing sth.
阻止某人做某事(from不省)
④keep sb. doing sth.使某人一直做某事
[注]在被动语态中，from一般都不省略。
When asked why she was absent from yesterday’s class, she said she had been ______ coming by the heavy rain.
A. stopped from B. prevented
C. kept D. stopped
解析：在stop/prevent...from doing sth.固定结构中，from可以省略，但在被动语态中，from一般不省略。
答案：A
Ⅱ.短语突破
1．cut off切掉；切断；突然中止
cut out剪裁，切下
[指点迷津]
同样表达“砍，切”的意思
cut down的意思是“砍倒”
(made sth. fall down by cutting)
cut up的意思是“切碎”
(cut sth. into small pieces)
cut off与cut away在表达“砍掉”时意思相同
The trousers are too long, so my mother cut ______ two inches.
A. it down B. it off
C. them away D. them by
解析：trousers为复数名词，应用them替代，所以首先排除A、B两项。句子的意思是“妈妈把裤子剪掉了2英寸”，使用by表达剪裁的程度。而to表示剪裁后所剩的结果，与实际生活不符。
答案：D
2．Does this road lead to..., please？请问这条路是通往……吗？
lead to通向；导致(to为介词)
[思维拓展]
动词＋介词to构成的常用短语有：
look forward to盼望……
pay attention to注意……
get down to开始认真干……
belong to属于
point to指向
come to共计；苏醒
agree to同意
devote...to...贡献给
turn to求助于；转向；翻到……
stick to坚持
object to反对
refer to涉及，谈到，参阅
see to处理，料理；负责
reply to答复
add to增加
The discovery of new evidence led to ______.
A. the thief having caught
B. catch the thief
C. the thief being caught
D. the thief to be caught
解析：lead to“导致”，to为介词，动名词的复合结构the thief being caught作介词to的宾语。
答案：C
3．They can go on rides.他们可以去骑马(或去坐车)。
[思维拓展]
go on a trip/journey去旅行
go on a visit去访问
go on with＋n. 继续做……
go on doing sth.继续做(原来的事)
go on to do sth.继续做(另一件事)
go构成的常用短语有：
go out外出；(灯、火等)熄灭了
go over复习；调查；越过……
go through通过；经过；经历……
go off离去；爆发；(机器等)停止
go into进入；详细调查
go down下去；落下；下跌；降低
go against违背，反抗，违反
go about四处走走；开始；着手干……
go ahead请吧，用吧；干吧，说吧
go after追求
go by走过；(时间)过去，流逝
I don’t ______ rock’n’roll. It’s much too noisy for my taste.
A. go after B. go away with
C. go into D. go in for
解析：go after“追求；追赶”；go away with“拿走”，go into“调查；进入”；go in for“喜爱”。
答案：D
Ⅲ.句型归纳
1．It seems that people just cannot get enough of scary rides and exciting adventures.看来好像人们还没能找到足够的骇人的骑车活动和令人兴奋的冒险活动。
[指点迷津]
①“It seems＋that－clause”是一个常用句型，句型中的it为人称代词，本身并无词汇意义。seem作“似乎，好像，看起来”解。利用这个句型可使that－clause中所表达的意思变得不太肯定，或者使口气变得较为委婉。再如：
It seems that John will win the race.
It seems that men are more interested in sports.
本句型还可以变为简单句，结构为：主语＋seem＋不定式。上两句可变为：
John seems to win the race.
Men seem to be more interested in sports.
②seem除了用于这个句型之外，还可跟不定式连用：不定式的一般式(to do/be)；进行式(to be doing)；完成式(to have done)。如：
He seems to have read the book.
类似的词还有：appear, look。
To fetch water before breakfast seemed to me a rule ______.
A. to never break
B. never to be broken
C. never to have broken
D. never to be breaking
解析：不定式的否定式应在不定式的前面加not或never，排除A；rule与break之间为被动关系，故选择不定式的被动结构never to be broken。
答案：B
2．Other roller－coasters are inside a mountain or a building so that you ride through darkness.有些过山车穿过山洞或建筑物，因此你就得穿过黑暗。
[指点迷津]
①so that引导目的状语从句，相当于in order that, “为了”，从句中常有can/could, may/might, will/would等情态动词。
②so that引导结果状语从句，“因此”，主句和从句是原因与结果的关系。
③so＋adj./adv.＋that...“如此……以至于……”引导结果状语从句。
④such＋adj.＋n.＋that...“如此……以至于……”引导结果状语从句。
⑤在so that, in order that引导的状语从句中，当主句与从句的主语一致时，从句可以变成in order to do..., so as to do...或to do作状语。
in order to引导的目的状语，可位于句首或句中。
so as to引导的目的状语，只位于句中。
to do结构作目的状语，可位于句首或句中。
______ more about university courses, call (920)746－3789.
A. To find out B. Finding out
C. Find out D. Having found out
解析：to find out＝in order to find out，不定式作目的状语。句意为：为查寻关于大学课程的更多信息，请拨打电话(920)746－3789。
答案：A
3．...; today rides are wilder and scarier than ever.……；今日的滑车比以往更加刺激和骇人。
than ever＝than ever before比以前更加
[指点迷津]
than ever before“比以往任何时候(与比较级、最高级连用)”；ever since“从……之后一直，从……以来(用于完成时)”；ever after“从那以后(用于过去时)”
Our village is more beautiful ______.
A. before B. since than
C. than ever D. ever since
解析：句意：我们村比以往任何时候都美丽了。ever since“自……以来”。
答案：C
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