Unit 1 Getting along with others 单元全套教案

编写时间 _____年_____月_____日 执行时间 _____年_____月_____日 教案总序号 _____
Unit 1 Getting along with others
Period 1 Welcome to the unit
Teaching goals
1．Target language
Discuss friendship and practise agreeing and disagreeing.
2．Ability goals
Enable the students to talk about friends and friendship，expressing their ideas and give their
opinions．
3. Learning ability goals
Help the students learn how to talk about getting along with friends and friendship.
Enable the students to learn how to express their ideas and give their opinions．
Teaching important and difficult points
Guide the students to learn to express their ideas about getting along with friends，friendship and characteristics in a friend and so on．
Teaching methods
Discussing, pair work and group work．
Teaching aids
A computer and a projector．
Teaching procedures and ways
Step I Lead-in
T：Good morning, boys and girls!
Ss：Good morning, Mr．／Ms…
T：In our daily life，we have to deal with different people．While getting along with people we may
make friends with them．I think most of you have good friends, right
Ss：Yes, of course．
T: What kind of person can you call him / her a friend How do you deal with the problems with your friends
( The teacher gives the Ss five minutes to discuss the questions and then ask some of the Ss to show their opinions for the class.)
Step 2 Welcome to the unit
Let the students talk about some proverbs about friends and friendship and then answer some
questions about the topic．
T：OK! Now 1 will show you some illustrations and proverbs about friends and friendship．Let’s look at the four illustrations and read the proverb under each one．I’d like to divide you into four groups. each group focusing on one illustration．You can use your common knowledge and experience to describe each illustration and tell us what the proverb means in your own words．Now I’d like to give you five minutes to discuss the illustrations and proverbs.
Ss：Yeah!
Show them on the screen. While the students are discussing, move around to help them if necessary．
T：Time is up．Are you ready
Ss：Yes.
T：Who’d like to tell us something about the first picture and the first proverb
S：Let me have a try．In the first picture two girl are talking and drinking happily and the clock tells us that they have been doing so for three hours．They are absorbed in the conversation．So the proverb “Friends are thieves of time．” means. when you spend time with your friends, you always feel how time flies．It means 朋友是时间的窃贼
T：Very good．Group 2．What about your description
S： From Picture 2 and the proverb “The best mirror is an old friend”，we can know that an old friend is like a mirror, because an old friend is the one who knows almost all about you Only he or she knows you most, especially your strength and weakness. It means老朋友如同最好的镜子
T：You are quite right. We should treasure our friendship with friends, especially with old friends．Now whose turn is it to give your description
……….
Picture3: There are two boys in the picture. The taller boy is giving money to the other boy and trying to persuade him to be his friend. Theshorter boy looks puzzled. He is not sure whether he should take the money or not. True friendship is priceless.
If you can buy a person’s _friendship_, it’s not worth having. It means如果你能买到一个人的友谊，那么这种友谊就根本不值得拥有.
Picture4: True friends have _hearts that beat as one.Friends understand each other from the bottom of their hearts. It means真正的朋友心灵相犀.
Step3 Discussion
Ask student to read the three questions below the pictures to make sure that everyone understands them.Ask hem to discuss the three questions.Then ask some students to report their answers to the class.
1. Do you have a best friend Why do you think that he or she is your best friend
2. What do you think are the most important characteristics in a friend
(A friend is someone who is trustworthy; you respect and who respects you; is honest, affectionate and loving; shares your happiness and sorrow; accepts your differences; is devoted and loyal to you; is selfless.)
3. Do you think good friends should have the sme interests Why or why not
Step4 language points
1.Almost everyone wants to make friends and develop friendships with others.(Page 1,Line 1)
develop vt. 开发；使成长，使发达，发展；逐渐产生；逐渐养成；患（病）；vi.发展
Swimming develops the muscles.
Her friendship with David developed slowly.
developed adj. 发达的 developing adj. 发展中的 development n. 发展；开发
经典回放
One of the best ways for people to keep fit is to______ healthy eating habits.(2006 湖北)
A. grow B. develop C. increase D. raise
2.What do you think the proverbs tell us about friendship and getting along with others ( Page1 Line 2 )
该句为含有 do you think 结构的一个特殊疑问句. 主语为 the proverbs; 谓语为tell; what为 tell的直接宾语；about 引导的介词短语作定语.
get along 相处；进展
get along /on with sb. 与某人相处 get along/ on with sth. 在某事上取得进展
How are you getting along these days
He is always getting along/ on well with his classmates.
3.If you can buy a person’s friendship, it’s not worth having. (Page1,picture 3))
worth adj.“值”（后接价值数量词）；值得（后接名词、代词、动名词但不能接动词不定式
The car is worth 1000 dollars.
It’s worth our work.
The book is well（十分，很，不能用very） worth reading.
worthy adj. 有价值的, 值的。
注意下面结构：
be worthy of +名词 be worthy of being done be worthy to be done
这本书值得一读。 　　
The book is worth reading.
This book is worthy of being read.
This book is worthy to be read.
4 .What do you think are the most important characteristics in a friend (Page1,question 3)
这是一个带有插入语do you think 的双重疑问句. what 在句中做主语.
双重疑问句的结构为: 疑问词+do you think/ believe/ expect/ imagine / know + 陈述语序的句子
Tick the right sentences.
( ) Who do you think will the manager have go there with him
( ) Who do you think that the manager will have go there with him
( ) Who do you think the manager will have go there with him
经典回放
Mum is coming. What present ______ for your birthday ( 2005 福建 )
A. you expect she has got B. you expect has she got
C. do you expect she has got D. do you expect has she got
Step5 Summary and homework
T：Up to now we have discussed so much on friends and friendship．Everyone needs friends．We can live without a brother，but not without a friend．Friendship is very important in our life． We should treasure our friendship and keep our friendship．We should also learn how to deal with others, especially with our friends . . After class please preview the two letters on Pages 2 and 3．
Record after Teaching:
Period 2 Reading
Teaching goals:
1．Target language
a．重点词汇和短语
betray, absent—minded, outgoing, academic， overlook，deliberately，tease，yell，mean，awkward，
apologize，guilty，be determined to do，as a result, feel ashamed(of sth)，feel like doing，keep one’s word，can’t help doing
b．重点句子
I must have sounded very proud of myself after the test,saying loudly how easy it was and how 1
was sure to get a good mark．I found a piece of paper on my desk that said ‘Stupid Sarah got a D!’
1 was so upset that I felt like crying．
I feel really guilty because I said some really cruel things too，but I Can’t stand seeing our team
lose．
Yesterday，I saw him talking to another boy Peter，and I cannot help wondering if he want Peter to be his best friend instead of me．
2．Ability goals
Enable the students to learn how to get along with friends， especially when something unpleasant happens between two good friends.
3．Learning ability goals
Help the students learn how to understand emotion of the writer．
Teaching important and difficult points
1. Guide the students to find out ways to solve the problem when something unpleasant happens
between two good friends and understand emotion of the writer .
2. Analyze the structure of some sentences．
Teaching methods
Fast reading and careful reading; discussing and summarizing.
Teaching aids
A recorder，a computer and a projector．
Teaching procedures and ways
Step 1 Revision and lead-in
T: Good morning／afternoon，boys and girds!
S: Good morning／afternoon．Mr．，Ms．….!
T：What did we learn yesterday
Ss：We talked about friends．"Friends are very importance to any person．We know how to make friends from our talk……
T：You are very good．Everyone has his own personality and it is not always that friends have
the same thought at every thing．Sometimes good friends may quarrel or misunderstand each other
That is to say，something unpleasant between two good friends is likely to happen．Do you know what would lead to a broken friendship
Ss：Yes．Having little in common; lacking trust; there being conflict of interest; being jealous of each other; being indifferent to each other; being hostile to each other……
T：You are so clever.Today we’re going to read two letters about the broken friendship of Sarah and Andrew. Do you want to know what problems they have in their friendship
Ss: Yes.
T: Please open your books and turn to page 2 and 3.
Step 2 Reading
Ask the students to read the two letters written to magazine agony aunt on Pages 2 and 3 to know what Sarah’s and Andrew’s problems are．
1. Fast reading
Get the students to read the following two letters quickly to get the general idea of the two letters and answer these questions.
(1)Are the writers of the two letters feelings happy or sad
(They are feeling sad.)
(2)What did Sara get for the surprise Maths test
(She got a D.)
(3)Is Matthew usually a quiet boy
(No, he is usually cheerful and outgoing.)
2. Careful reading. Listening and answer.
Read the first letter carefully and answer the following questions.
(1) What did Sarah think about the surprise Maths test
(She thought it was quite easy.)
(2) What did Sarah tell Hannah in the girls’ toilets
(She told Hannah how badly she had done in the test.)
(3) Why did Sarah tell Hannah that they weren’t going to be friends any more
(Because she thought that Hannah had told everyone how badly she had done in the Maths test.)
Read the second letter carefully and answer the following questions.
(4)Why did Andrew shout at Mathew after the match
(He thought Matthew played badly and did not try hard enough, as a result they lost the game.)
(5)What did Matthew think about losing the match
(He thought it wasn’t his fault.)
(6)What kind boy is Matthew
(He is usually cheerful and outgoing.)
3.Reading strategy. Get the Ss to read the reading strategy to know how to understand emotion. In the letters to an agony aunt, the writer tell what he/she thinks and how he/ she feels. Read the two letters again and fill in the table on page4,C2. The first one has been done for you.
Letters How Sarah/ Andrew felt Why she/ he felt so
Sarah’s letter She felt 1 betrayed 1 She thought her best friend Hannah didn’t keep her secret.
2 ashamed 2 She scored the lowest mark in her class.
3 upset 3 She found a piece of paper on her desk that said“stupid Sarah got a D”.
Andrew’s letter 4 He had a dilemma. 4 His best friend Matthew has stopped talking to him.
5 He felt really guilty. 5 He said some really cruel things to Matthew.
6 He was angry withMatthew. 6They lost the game because of Matthew’s carelessness.
Step3 Post-reading
1. Analyse and the understand the following sentences.
a. I must have sounded very proud of myself after the test, saying loudly how easy it was and how 1 was sure to get a good mark．
b. I found a piece of paper on my desk that said ‘Stupid Sarah got a D!’
c. He said it wasn’t his fault if he couldn’t play as well as me and that I shouldn’t yell at him.
d. I feel really guilty because I said some really cruel things too，but I can’t stand seeing our team lose．
e. Yesterday，I saw him talking to another boy Peter，and I cannot help wondering if he want Peter to be his best friend instead of me．
2. Develop students’ ability to guess the meanings of words from the context. Ask students not to refer to the dictionary of ask for explanation every time they come across a new word. Tell them that it is very inportant to read the sentences before and after the sentence which contains the unknown word. From the information before and after, they should be able to guess the meaning of the word. Ask students to go over Part D. afterwards, check the answers as a class.
Answers to D: 1e 2c 3a 4b 5g 6h 7d 8f
3. To help students become more familiar with the two letters, ask them to finish Part E. they can first read the two letters again and then do the exercise by themselves.then ask several students to read their answers to the class. Check for mistakes and mispronunciation.
Answers to E: 1 betrayed 2 apologize 3 mark 4 proud 5 secrets 6 match
7 guilty 8 mean 9 friendship 10 determined
Step4 Discussion
1. If you found out that your best friend had made friends with another person, what would you think about this and what would you do
2. Do you think good friends should have the same interests Why or why not
Step5 Summary& Homework
T: We have read the two letters and the replies from Agony Aunt Annie. How do you read with
problems between two good friends Write a short passage to describe one of the problems between friends and how it is solved．
Record after Teaching:
Period 3 Extensive Reading
Teaching goals:
1. To improve the students’ reading ability.
2. To Enable the students to learn how to get along with friends and why it is important to make friends.
3. To understand the importance and value of the friendship, especially when the friends are in trouble.
Teaching important and difficult points:
1. How to finish the reading task quickly and correctly.
2. Learn how to get along with friends and how to help the friends when they are in trouble.
Teaching methods
Reading , discussing, asking and answering.
Teaching aids
A recorder，a computer and a projector．
Teaching procedures and ways
Step 1 Revision and lead-in
T: Good morning／afternoon，boys and girds!
Ss: Good morning／afternoon．Mr．，Ms．….!
T: Last two periods, we talked about friendship. People love to make friends and develop friendships with others. Now I’ll give you some questions to check your understanding of the friendship:
(1) How well do you get along with your classmates
(2) Do you think it is important to have a good relationship with others Why
(3) How do you understand the concept of “frienship”
(4) In your opinion, what does a real friendship consist of
( The teacher gives the students five minutes to talke about the questions and then ask some of them to show their opinions to the class.)
Step2 Reading
T: Now please open your books and turn to page 94. Read the passage A test of friendship which shows you the real friendship. After reading, please answer the following questions:
1. What happened to Ian on their way down the mountain
2. After Ian fell, what decision did Jeremy have to make
3. Why did the boys’ parents contact the local park ranger
4. Why was it too dangerous to leave Ian alone
5. How did Jeremy finally help his friend
( Seven minutes later, the teacher asks the students to answer the questions one by one.)
Answers:
1. He tripped and fell off a mountain path and was badly injured.
2. Whether to go and get help or stay with Ian.
3. Because the boys were missing and the parents needed help to find them.
4. Because he was badly injured and could not take care of himself.
5. He carried Ian back to their parents.
T: You’ve done a good job. The two friends’ experience shows the proverb “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” The one who knows how to value the friendship will have a real friend.
T:As we know, knowing how to get along with others is an important part of life. How do you get along with your friends Do you know how to build good relationships with others or how to keep good relationships with others If not, please read the passage on page 95. This article is from a book by Dr Chen Yi, a psychologist who is an expert on communication and making friends. I’ll give you seven minutes to read the article and then answer the following questions:
1. What does compromise mean
2. Why is compromise important in relatioship
3. Why is it important to be a good listener
4. According to the article, how should we respond when friends tell us their problems
5. What can you do to build good relationships with your friends
Answers:
1. Compromise happens when two people talk about something they do not agree on and one or both of them agree to give up something to find a solution.
2. Because people often disagree with each other. It is sometimes necessary to give up something you want in order to keep good relationships with others.
3. Because it shows that you care about others and think they are important.
4. We should not always try to fix their problems and give them advice. Sometimes we should just listen to them and understand their feelings.
5. You could invite them to do things with you such as watching films, going to the park or even cooking.
Step3 Language points
1. I feel betrayed by my friend , Hannah. ( Page 2 Line 2 )
▲betray vt. 出卖某人，泄露某事，无意中显示出，显露出
She betrayed his secret to her friends. （向某人出卖某人或泄露某事给某人）
He had a good disguise, but he betrayed himself as soon as he spoke. （暴露出本来面目）
His accent betrayed how happy he really was. 泄露…..，表明……
betrayer n.背叛者；泄密者 betrayal n.背叛；出卖
经典回放
(1)That was not the first time he _____ us. I think it’s high time we______ strong actions against him.
A. betrayed; take B. had betrayed; took C. has betrayed; took D. has betrayed; take
(2) At no time ______ my motherland.
A. I will betray B. will I betray C.I will betray against D. will I betray against
2.We have best friends since primary school and spend almost every day with each other.( Page2 Line 2)
and 连接了两个并列谓语，since 引导了一个时间状语。
▲since可用作副词直接作状语，也可用作介词引导时间状语，还可用作连词引导时间状语从句.含有since 及其引导的时间状语（从句）的句子中主句多用完成时，表示“自…以来一直……”
I haven’t seen you since I came back.
He has been working in the factory since 1995.
He moved to London after his parents died, and he has been living there since.
经典回放
Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to ______ since the flood hit the area last
Friday.(2006 山东)
A. have been missing B. have got lost C. be missing D. get lost
▲pay, spend, cost , take
(1) pay 意为“付钱”，主语必须是人，一般用于 sb. pay sb.(for sth.)/sb. pay money (for sth.)/sb.pay sb.money (for sth.) 句型中。
(2) spend意为“花费金钱，时间，”主语应当是人，后接on sth. 或 ( in ) doing sth.
(3) cost意为“花费金钱，时间，劳力 ”，还可表示“使付出代价”，主语为事物。
(4) take 意为“花费（时间），需要”，主语常是事物，常用于It takes/took sb. some time/money to do sth.句型中。
I’m lucky enough to pay only 100 yuan for a new bike.
He spends all his spare time on German study.
I think the journey cost me too much money.
It took me a whole week to read the book.
经典回放
It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness______ .(2006 江西)
A. to make B. to be made C. making D. being made
3.Sometime, other children say we are no fun….(Page 2 Line 5)
▲fun [u] 乐趣, 娱乐, 嬉戏,有趣的事
The journey home was great fun.
What fun it is to travel around the world
It’s no fun working inside when the weather is so nice.
have fun玩得高兴, 过得快活 just for fun 只是玩玩,就为了高兴 make fun of 嘲弄, 取笑
4.I must have sounded very proud of myself after the test, saying loudly how easy it was and
how I was sure to get a good mark.(Page 2 Line 8)
sound 为连系动词，其后的形容词短语proud of myself 作表语；after the test 作时间状语；现在分词短语saying loudly…作伴随状语，而saying后又跟了由 and 连接的两个由 how 引导的宾语从句.
经典回放
(1) ---- I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend.
----______ good.( 2006湖北)
A. Sound B. Sounded C. Sounding D. Sounds
(2) Don’t sit there_____ e and help me with this table.(2006湖北)
A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing
▲must + do (对现在或将来情况的推测)
must + have done (对过去情况的推测)
They must be friends.
He knows the city quite well. He must have been there.
5.I felt so ashamed.(Page 2, Line 11)
▲ashamed 为形容词作表语,表感到羞愧的
be/feel ashamed of ( doing ) sth. / ashamed of oneself / ashamed that… / ashamed to do sth.
He felt ashamed of doing such a thing.
You should be ashamed of yourself.
I feel ashamed that I troubled you so such.
He felt too ashamed to ask you for help.
shameful adj.令人羞愧的(表示事物本身的客观性质是可耻的)
shameless adj.(人)无耻的, 不知羞耻的, 不要脸的,卑鄙的, 卑劣的; 亵渎的
shame [u] n.羞愧．耻辱; [c]n. 可耻的人(或事物)
It’s a shame to cheat in the exam.
to one’s shame 让某人感到惭愧的是
6.I didn’t feel like I was overlooking my studies, but maybe I could work harder in Maths.(P2,L12)
but 连接两个并列的句子；前一个分句中feel like 后接了宾语从句，like 是介词。
▲feel like +n./pron. / + doing / 想要某物/想做某事
feel like +句子 = feel as if + 句子 感觉像……
经典回放
---- Would you like some more soup
---- _____ . It is delicious, but I’ve had enough. (2006 重庆 )
A. Yes, please B. No, thank you C. Nothing more D. I’d like some
▲overlook
(1) 忽视；不理会 He was overlooked when they set about choosing a new manager.
(2) 没有看到 He overlooked a spelling error on the first page.
(3) 俯视；俯瞰 My room overlooks the sea.
〈 Words 储蓄罐 〉
overdo 做（表现）得过分 overeat 吃得过多 overload 负载过重 overpay付钱太多 oversea 海外的 oversleep 睡过头 overweight 超重的；过重的
7. I was determined to be cheerful, but Hannah sensed something was wrong. .( Page2 Line 14)
▲determine v下决心；作出决定 determined adj.
determine to do sth 决定做某事
determine sb. to do sth. 使某人下决心于某事
be determined to do sth. 决定做某事
注意：determine to do sth. 是一个短暂性的动作, 不能与时间段连用。
be determined to do sth. 是延续性的状态, 可与时间段连用。
“ 下决心做某事”的表达方法
make up one’s mind(s) to do sth. decide to do sth.
经典回放
(1）Her___ look told me that she had determined ____going to college and nothing can stop her.
A. brave; to B. determined; on C. angry ; to D. determining; upon
(2) When and where to go for the on-salary holiday______ yet.
A. are not decided B. have not been decided
C. is not being decided D. has not been decided
(3) He left the place, _____ never to come back.
A. determined B. to determine C. is not been decided D. has not been decided
(4) ---What about the person
----Seldom in all my life _____ such a ______ person..
A. I met; determining B. I have met; determining
C. have I met ; determined D. did I meet; determined
8. We went to wash our hands in the girls’ toilets before lunch and I admitted how badly I had done. .( Page2 Line 15)
and 连接两个并列的句子；前半句中含有before lunch这一时间状语，后半句中含有 how 引导的宾语从句.
▲before
(1) （指时间）在……以前 Before I made a decision, I thought carefully about it.(conj.)
(2) 在……前面 Before you is a list of the points we have to discuss. (prep.)
(3) 以前，过去 That had happened long before. (adv)
(4) 还没来得及…就 He died before he reached the hospital.
before long 不久 long before 很久以前
It +be + 一段时间 +before+ 从句
这个从句分两种情况：1.如果主句用将来时，则从句用一般现在时表将来，意为“多长时间以后既将发生某事”；2.如果主句用过去时，从句也用过去时，意为“多长时间后发生了某事”
It won’t be long before he succeeds.
It was ten years before they met again.
经典回放
(1) A dozen ideas were considered _______ the chief architect decided on the design of the building.(2006 上海 )
A. because B. before C. whether D. unless
(2) It was three years ______ I finally realized ______ Mike had lied to me.
A. when; that B. that; when C. before ;that D. until; why
▲admit vt.& vi. 承认，供认，容纳，容许，准许进入
admit sb. (sth). into /to …允许某人/某物进入
be admitted to school (hospital )接受某人入学（入院）
admit sth./doing sth/ that-clause 承认某事/承认做了某事/承认…(“承认否定与嫉妒”)
This ticket admits two people to the football match.
The cinema admits about 2,000 people.
He admitted his crime.
John admitted stealing the money.
He never admits that he is wrong.
Step4 Summary & Homework
T: Today we read two articles about how to get along with others and what the real friendship is. I hope after learning the article, all of us can value our friendships and get well with our friends. Read the language points again and again after class until you can recite them out. Time is up. That’s all for today. See you!
Record after teaching:
Period4 Language points
Teaching goals
1．Target language
a．重点词汇和短语
betray, absent—minded, outgoing, academic， overlook，deliberately，tease，yell，mean，awkward，
apologize，guilty，be determined to do，as a result, feel ashamed(of sth)，feel like doing，keep one’s word，can’t help doing
b．重点句子
I must have sounded very proud of myself after the test．saying loudly how easy it was and how 1
was sure to get a good mark．I found a piece of paper on my desk that said ‘Stupid Sarah got a D!’
1 was so upset that I felt like crying．
I feel really guilty because I said some really cruel things too，but I Can’t stand seeing our team
lose．
Yesterday， I saw him talking to another boy Peter，and I cannot help wondering if he want Peter to be his best friend instead of me．
2．Ability goals
Enable the students to learn how to get along with friends，especially when something unpleasant happens between two good friends.
3．Learning ability goals
Help the students learn how to understand emotion of the writer．
Teaching important and difficult points
1. Analyze the structure of some sentences．
2. How to remember the language points exactly and quickly and how to use them correctly and freely.
Teaching methods
1. Explanation to make the students grasp the language points better.
2. Giving some examples to make the students understand the language points better.
Teaching aids
A recorder，a computer and a projector．
Teaching procedures and ways
Step 1 Language points
9. How they must have laughed behind my back!(Page 2 Line 22)
该句为“how +句子”构成的感叹句句型.
感叹句由what和how来引导。
记住基本的结构！
【句型一】What + (a / an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！
What a clever boy he is! (他是个)多么聪明的男孩啊！
What fine weather it is! 多好的天气啊！
What beautiful flowers they are! (它们是)多么漂亮的花啊！
【句型二】How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语！
How well you look! 你气色真好!
How kind you are! 你心肠真好!
How fast he runs! 他跑得多么快啊！
how还可以修饰动词构成感叹句，但动词不提前。如：
How I want to be a doctor! 我多么想成为一名医生啊！
How she dances! 她跳得多好啊！
经典回放
I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ______ silly mistakes I had made.
A. what B. that C. how D. which
10. I was so angry that I went straight to Hannah and told her we weren’t going to be friends any more because she couldn’t keep her word.( Page 2 Line 24)
so……that 引导了结果状语从句；在从句中谓语动词 told 后接了一个宾语从句，其中because引导了原因状语从句。
▲straight:
adj ①直的、整齐的a straight line ②严肃的 a straight face
③连续不断的 We spoke for three hours straight.
adv ① 笔直的Stand up straight. ② 直接地，直率地Come straight to the street.
▲keep one’s word /promise 说话算话；遵守诺言
< 短语链接 >
break one’s word 食言 give/make one’s word 作出承诺
11. She was really upset and swore that she hadn’t told anyone….( Page 2 Line 24)
▲swear (swore, sworn ) vt.& vi. 发誓，敢说; 诅咒; 咒骂
He was so angry that he swore at that man.
12. I don’t think I can ever forgive her. ( Page 2 Line 27)
▲否定转移
当谓语动词为think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect 等词，且主语为第一人称时，往往对宾语从句的否定转移到主语的谓语动词上来. 注意：在上述情况下若主句主语为第一人称，后跟翻译疑问句时，应针对从句进行反问，且把not 考虑在内；若主句主语为第二、三人称，后跟反意问句时，则应根据主句来进行反问。
注意: hope不能否定转移
e.g. I don’t imagine he’ll enjoy it, will he
经典回放
1) Mrs Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design a digital camera,________ (2002上海)
A. is he B. isn’t he C. doesn’t she D. does she
2) I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer,
A. do I B. don’t I C. will they D. won’t they
▲forgive vt. ( forgave, forgiven ) 原谅，宽恕
forgive sb. for ( doing ) sth. 因…… 而原谅某人
经典回放
The Chinese people will never_____ the Japanese crimes that they did in the Second World War.
A. excuse B. pardon C. forgive D. understand
13.A friendship in trouble. ( Page 3 Line 31)
in trouble 有麻烦，处于困境中e.g.If I can’t finish it in time, I’ll be in trouble.
< 短语连接 >
give sb. trouble 给某人造成麻烦 ask for trouble 自找麻烦
get into trouble 陷入困境；遇上麻烦 put sb.to trouble 给某人添麻烦
14….we really had to focus.( Page 3 Line 37)
vt. & vi.①(使)集中, (使)聚集;致力于He focused his eyes on me. 他注视着我。
He focused his mind on his lessons.他把心思集中在功课上。
②调整(镜头, 眼睛)焦点[焦距]以便看清
A defect of vision prevented him from focusing accurately. 视力上的缺陷使他不能准确对焦。
n.焦点, 焦距; 中心
The camera has two focuses.这部相机有两个焦距。
15. He seemed absent-minded and as a result of his careless playing, we lost the game. ( P3 L38)
▲absent-minded
narrow-minded 心胸狭窄的 strong-minded 意志坚强的 high-minded 思想高尚的
feeble-minded意志薄弱的 evil-minded 心思恶毒的
▲妙辩异同：as a result 与 as a result of
as a result 表“因此，结果”，独立作状语
as a result of + n/pron 表“由于…… 的结果”，引导结果状语.
Tom never studied hard, and as a result, he didn’t pass the exam.
The meeting was put off as a result of his absence.
16.He said it wasn’t his fault if he couldn’t play as well as me and that I shouldn’t yell at him. ( Page3 Line 41)
said 后引起了两个宾语从句，第二个宾语从句中的引导词that不能省略
再如 …he said Matthew is just….and that I had better…（Page3 Line 54）
经典回放
Having checked the doors were closed , and _________ all the lights were off, the boy opened
the door to his bedroom. (2007湖南)
A. why B. that C. when D. where
17.Then we both started shouting at each other and it turned into a horrible argument. ( Page 3 Line 44)
▲turn into变成；把……变成 (=change …into…)；兑换; 翻译 (= translate …into…)；改写
turn coins into paper money 把硬币换成纸币
Can you turn this article into Chinese 你能把这篇文章译成汉语吗
18.He kept on saying really mean things to hurt me. ( Page 3 Line 45)
▲keep on doing sth. 不断/反复做某事
keep sb.doing sth.使某人做某事
keep sb.from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
I kept hoping that he’d phone me.
Don’t keep on interrupting me!
I’m very sorry to have kept you waiting so long.
▲mean adj. 吝啬的，小气的，不善良的，刻薄的……
She’s always been mean with money. Don’t be so mean to your little brother.
means n. 单复数同行，意为“方法，手段”
Every means has been tried. Many means have been tried
mean v. mean to do sth 打算做… 事 mean doing sth意味着做…… 事
经典回放
If you think that treating a woman well means always_____ her permission for things, think again.(2006 湖南)
A. gets B. got C. to get D. getting
19. I feel really guilty because I said some really cruel things too, but I can’t stand seeing our team lose. ( Page 2 Line 46)
▲guilty adj.
①有罪的,犯...罪的[(+of)] He was found guilty. 他被判有罪。
②自知有过错的,内疚的[(+about)] I felt guilty after breaking
▲stand 作“忍受，忍耐”讲时，常用于否定句、疑问句中,后接名词 、代词 、 动名词作宾语；英语中bear, stand , put up with都有忍受之意.
经典回放
I can’t stand______ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses ______talking while she works.(2006 北京 )
A. wording; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop
接动词作宾语的动词有：
避免错过少延期， （avoid, miss, delay
建议完成多练习， suggest, finish, practise
喜欢想像禁不住， enjoy, imagine, can’t help
承认否定与嫉妒， admit, deny, envy
逃脱冒险莫原谅， escape, risk, excuse
忍受保持不介意， stand, keep, mind)
20. Football is very important to me, but so is our friendship. ( Page 2 Line 47)
1) so + 助动词 / 系动词 / 情态动词 +主语 表示上述肯定情况也适用于该主语。
I have seen the film twice. So has my elder sister.
2) neither / nor +助动词 / 系动词 / 情态动词 +主语 表示上述否定情况也适用于该主语。
I don’t go to school today. Neither / nor does he
3) it is the same with + 名词 / 代词宾格 或 so it is with +名词 / 代词宾格 表示上述（肯定 和否定的混合或没有统一的助动词情况）也适用于该主语。
Tom is a good student and he does well in his studies. It is the same with / so it is with John.
4) so +主语 +助动词 / 系动词 / 情态动词 表示对上述情况的赞同
--- Tom does speak Japanese well.
--- So he does and so do you
5) 主语+ 动词 +so 表示做了前文所述的事情
He asked me to stay at home and I did so.
经典回放
(1) ---It’s burning hot today, isn’t it
--- Yes._____ yesterday.(2006 福建 )
A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it
(2) --- I reminded you not to forget the appointment.
--- ______ .( 2006 江西 )
A. So you did B. So I do not C. So did you D. So do I
(3) --- Mary looks hot and shy.
--- So_____ you if you had a high fever.
A. will B. would C. do D. did
(4)If you don’t go to school, ______I.
A .nor do B .so will C .so do D .neither shall
(5)--- David has made great progress recently.
--- _______, and ________.
A. so he has; so you have B. So he has; so have you
C. So has he; so have you D. So has he; so you have
21.The things he said hurt me too, but he has not apologized to me. ( Page 2 Line 50)
▲apologize v.道歉;认错,赔不是[(+（to sb.)for sth/doing sth]
He apologized to her for not going to her party.
22.Yesterday, I saw him talking to another boy, Peter, and I cannot help wondering if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead of me. ( Page 2 Line 52)
cannot help wondering
▲妙辩异同： can’t help do , can’t help doing , can’t help but do
(1) can’t help do…不能帮忙做……
(2) can’t help doing 禁不住做……，情不自禁地去做
(3) can’t help but do禁不住做……, 不得不做
I’m sorry, but I can’t help you(to) clean the classroom.
I can’t help admiring the picture whenever I look at it.
I can’t help but respect him.
经典回放
(1) The visiting President couldn’t help ______ by the beautiful scenery of Guilin in Guangxi.
A. striking B. to be struck C. being struck D. to strike
(2) ---How do you like the recorder
---- It can’t help______ my spoken English and I can’t help _____ it away.
A. improving; throw B. to improve; throw
C. improve; throwing D. improving; throwing
23.on purpose(P4,Part D)
(1) 为了I came here on purpose to see you.
(2)故意地He did it on purpose.
短语链接
set purpose 既定的目标; 坚定的意图 with the purpose of 以...为目的
I went there with no set purpose before me. 我去的时侯并没怀有固定的目标。
They came here with the purpose of making trouble.
24.You have every right to feel(1)______ by your friend if she did tell your secret to others,…(P5,Letter 1,L1)
do表强调
(1).在一般句型中，do(does,did)加动词原形，常用来强调谓语动词的语气可译为“真的”、“果真”、“的确”、“确实”等。例如：
You do look nice today.你今天看起来真的很漂亮。
Jack said he would come and he did come.杰克说他要来，他果真来了。
(2).在祈使句中，do表强意的请求，而不是命令，有时它可以使邀请对方的心意更加客气、热情、友好，而且亲切，此时的do可译为“务”、“务必”等。例如：
Please do sit down.务请坐下。
Do be careful!请务必小心谨慎!
25. If she is a good friend, you should(2)_____ for blaming her.(P5, Letter 1,L5)
▲blame vt.
blame sb. for (doing ) sth. blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for ) 应（为…...） 承担责任；该（为…...）受责备（不能用于被动语态）
Many children are afraid of being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English.
The police blamed the traffic accident on Jack’s careless driving.
If you are not to blame, then who is
经典回放
(1)_____ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.(2006福建)
A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To blame D. To be blamed
(2) Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one____ .(2006 安徽 )
A. blamed B. blaming C. to blame D. to be blamed
(3)I feel it is your husband who______ for the spoiled child.
A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame
26. If you still have doubts, you should think about why don’t believe her. (P5, Letter 1,L6)
▲doubt 作动词时，肯定句中whether , if 引导宾语从句，否定句中只能用that引导
He doubted whether they would be able to help.
He never doubted that they would win the game.
doubt 可作名词
There is no doubt that….. 毫无疑问 There is doubt whether……. 令人怀疑
There’s no doubt about/of sth……毫无疑问
经典回放
Some researchers believe that there is no doubt______ a cure for AIDS will be found.
(2005 广东)
A. which B. what C. that D. whether
27….beacause you were ashamed of your (3)______ or your behaviour (P5, Letter 1,L7)
▲behave vi.
(1)表现,行为举止
The young lady behaved courageously in the face of danger.
(2). (机器等)开动,运转
How is the new machine behaving 新机器的性能怎样
vt. (后接oneself)使检点,使守规矩
Behave yourself! 规矩点!
behaviour n.
28….embarrass you in public(P5, Letter 1,L12)
▲embarrass vt. 使人感到困窘、尴尬 embarrassed adj. 困窘的，尴尬的
embarrassing adj.使人尴尬的；令人为难的 embarrassment n.
be embarrassed about/at 因 ……而感到难堪/尴尬
The situation embarrassed me very much.
We were embarrassed at the embarrassing situation.
29…., and bad about not being as gifted at football as you are. (P5 , Letter 2,L5)
▲gifted adj. 有天赋的, 有才华的
be gifted at 擅长……, 对……有天赋 have a gift/ genius/ talent for 拥有……的天赋
She is a smart girl gifted at singing.
Mrs Taylor has______ 8-year-old daughter who has_______ gift for painting---she has won two national prizes.
A. a; a B. an; the C. an; a D. the; a
30.Each player should play to their strengths.(P5, Letter 2，L8)
▲strength n. 力气, 力度, 强势,长处 strong adj.强壮的 strengthen v.加强，巩固
He is a man of great strength. Tolerance is one of her many strengths.
优点的英文表达法：a strong point; a merit; an advantage; a virtue; an excellence; a quality
缺点的英文表达法：a defect; a drawback; a flaw; a fault; shortcomings
经典回放
(1)To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their____ and weaknesses.(2006湖北)
A. strengths B. benefits C. techniques D. values
(2) Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his______. (2005 天津)
A. ability B. force C. strength D. mind
31.Do not delay.(P5, Letter 2，L14)
▲delay v. (使某人)耽搁/延误（+ doing） “避免错过少延期” n.耽搁, 延迟
I was delayed by the traffic. His delay made the teacher angry.
经典回放
John was late for the business meeting because his flight had been_____ by a heavy storm.(2004 辽宁)
A. kept B. stopped C. slowed D. delayed
Step2 Summary & Homework
T: This period we’ve learned many language points and analysed some long and difficult sentence structure. After class, please read the language points again and again until you can recite them out. And do more relevant exercises to master the use of them correctly and freely. Time is up. That’s all for today. Goodbye!
Record after teaching:
Period 5 Word power
Teaching goals
1．Target language
generous，reliable，honest，polite，warm—hearted，open—minded，helpful ,friendly，dishonest，
stubborn，moody，unkind，narrow—minded，bad—tempered，impolite，boring，strong—minded，shy，friendly，happy，determined，timid，kind，cheerful，hard—working，generous，talkative，polite，lazy，selfish，quiet，rude
2．Ability goals
Enable the students to learn the adjectives to describe personality and use them in a proper way．
3.Learning ability goals
Help the students master the adjectives to describe personality and use them in a proper way．
Teaching important points
How to use adjectives to describe personality．
Teaching difficult points
Teach the students how to describe personality correctly using adjectives in context．
Teaching methods
Group work，practice and cooperative learning．
Teaching aids
A computer and a projector．
Teaching procedures and ways
Step I Revision and lead-in
Check the homework．
T：Yesterday I asked you to pick out some adjectives to describe personality from the two letters and the two replies after class．Have you finished
Ss：Yes．
T：I'll ask one of you to write the words on the blackboard for us．
S1：hard-working, absent—minded, cheerful, outgoing, quiet, jealous, stubborn ．
T：You’ve done an excellent job．Now who'd like to read your short passage about your best friend to all of us
S2：Let me try．One of my best friends is Wu Dong．We have been friends for five years. He is cheerful and humorous．So we always feel very happy together． He is warm—hearted, helpful and unselfish, so he likes to help others．I like him very much．We often share a lot with each other. He knows nearly everything about me and he is kind and honest. He will point out them and give me some advice whenever I make some mistakes．Such is Wu Dong, a reliable, happy, selfless , kind-hearted good friend．
T：Did you hear some adjectives to describe personality in his description
Ss：Yes．
T：OK．Today ,we’11 learn some adjectives to describe personality．
Step 2 Word power
Help the students learn some adjectives to describe personality．
T：Now let’s look at the adjectives he just mentioned. They are used to describe people or things.
The dialogue below shows some examples of how adjectives are used to describe people’s personalities．
(Show the dialogue on Page 6 on the screen．)
T：Some adjectives to describe personality are positive，while others are negative．Look at the words in black．Which words are positive and which ones are negative ......
Step 3 Practice
Get the students to write down more adjectives to describe personality and divide them into different groups.
T：Up to now I have showed you so many different adjectives to describe personality. Can you use them correctly in context…….
T：You did very well．Now let’s play a game together work in groups of four and come up with a
many positive and negative adjectives that describe personality as possible. You can write
them down．I'll give you three minutes．When time is up，the representative of your group must
write all the adjectives your group comes up with on the blackboard．The group that writes the
most adjectives will be the winner．Are you ready Let’t begin．
After 3 minutes，collect their answers．
Suggested answers:
Positive： kind，helpful， outgoing， easygoing，enthusiastic， kind-heated， faithful，humorous，warm—hearted，reliable, open—minded，honest，polite，
friendly，creative，sincere，gifted，talented，modest，humble，optimistic，hospitable，generous，thoughtful，considerate，trustworthy，loyal，dependable，patient，careful
Negative：dishonest，stubborn，moody， unkind， narrow。minded，bad-tempered，impolite，boring，unstable，unfriendly，aggressive，ill—tempered，jealous，selfish，cowardly，rude，ignorant，greedy，indifferent，．hard-hearted，mean，cold，tricky，simple．minded，
careless，dull
T：Which group do you think is the winner
Ss：Of course Group 4 wins the game．
T：Congratulations!
Step4 Synonyms and Antonyms
T: What is synonyms
Ss: Words that have the same or similar meanings.
T: What is antonyms
Ss: Words that have the opposite meanings.
T: Very good. Sometimes we also some synonyms or antonyms to describe personalities. Look at the form of synonyms and antonyms on page6. Guess the meanings of the adjectives. Then finish the letter on page 7, choosing the proper adjectives to describe Ding Wei’s new friends’ personalities.
( The teacher gives the Ss 8 minutes to complete the letter, then ask some individual students to write their answers on the Bb.)
Answers:
1. easy-going 2. quiet 3. shy 4. Friendly
5. honest 6. hard-working 7. serious 8. strict
Step5 Language points
1…., that’s for sure! 这是毫无疑问的！(P7L7)
for sure 确实，毫无疑问地
He'll come for ( http: / / dj. / for / " \t "_blank ) sure ( http: / / dj. / sure / " \t "_blank ).
2.Maybe one day he will make it to the Olympics! (P7L17)
(1)及时到达You'll make it if you hurry.
(2)成功Stick to it and you'll make it.
(3)约定时间I wonder if we could make it some other time.
我想知道我们可否把它安排在其他时间。
3.The professors are (8) _____(easy,strict ) but they are kind. (P7L20)
strict adj.严格的;严厉的
be strict with sb./ in sth. 对某人/某事要求严格
Father is very strict with his children
We must practise strict economy in all fields. 在各方面都要厉行节约
Step6 Summary and homework
T：Today we’ve learned so many adjectives to describe personality, including using synonyms and antonyms. After class, please keep them in your mind. And finish the following relevant exercises.
Guess the word according to the explanation:
1. Giving or ready to give freely: generous
2. Providing help or always being willing to help others: helpful
3. Feeling or mood changing quickly: moody
4. Easily frightened: timid
5. With one’s mind firmly made up: determined
6. Fond of talking: talkative
7. Strong-willed or determined: strong-minded
8. Dependable: reliable
Record after teaching:
Period 6 Grammar and usage ( To-infinitive )
Teaching goals
1．Target language
a．重点词汇和短语
mailbox，persuade，badminton，dentist，Easter，
amusement，amusement park，take care
b．重点句子
Things seem to be getting better．John pretended not to have seen me．
She made me promise to write every day．
We had nothing to do but watch TV．
2．Ability goals
Enable the students to use infinitive correctly．
3．Learning ability goals
Help the students learn how to use infinitive correctly．
Teaching important points
The use of the infinitive sign “to” and the different forms of the to infinitive．
Teaching difficult points
How to teach the students to distinguish the to—infinitive from the bare infinitive and master the
different forms of the to infinitive．
Teaching methods
Explaining，summarizing and practicing．
Teaching aids
A computer and a projector．
Teaching procedures and ways
Step I Revision
Revise the adjectives to describe personality and some sentences with infinitive……
Step 2 Grammar
To-infinitive.
动词不定式
由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成，否定形式not to do。是动词的一种非谓语的形式，在句中不能单独作谓语。动词不定式具有动词的性质，可以有自己的宾语和状语，也可以有时态和语态的变化。同时，它也具有非动词的性质，相当于一个名词、形容词或副词，可以在句中担任主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语.
动词不定式的用法：
1、作主语
(1)不定式短语在句中作主语。谓语动词用单数形式。
e.g.: To say is one thing and to do is another.
To know oneself is difficult.
但在很多情况下，为了保持句子平衡，通常用it作为形式主语，而把不定式移到谓语之后，
e.g.: It is difficult to know onself.
It is important to learn English.
2、作表语。不定式作表语说明主语的具体内容或表示目的。
e.g.: His wish is to become an engineer.
To live is to do something worthwhile.
3、作宾语. 作动词的宾语，即动词+to do sth. 常见的要加不定式作宾语的动词有：decide/ determine, learn, want, expect/ hope/ wish, refuse, manage, pretend, offer, promise, choose, plan, agree, ask/ beg, afford, prefer, require, enable, need, order…
e.g.: He agreed to meet here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.
He pretended not to see me when I passed by.
在find, make, think, consider等动词后，如果宾语带有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语后.
e.g.: I find it interesting to study English.
I think it impossible to work out the problem.
4、作宾语补足语，即Ｖ＋sb. (not) to do sth.如动词advise, allow, ask, cause, challenge, command, consider, enable, encourage, forbid, force, inform, invite, persuade, tell, send, urge, want,warn….
Eg. I want you to speak to Tom.
Ask him not to make noise.
(1)在感官动词以及使役动词（let, have, make）后作宾语补足语，不定式都不带to.变为被动语态时，原不带to的不定式要变成带to的不定式.
“一感(feel)二听 (hear, listen to )三让(let, have, make )四观看(see, observe, watch, look at)”
e.g.: I often hear him sing the song.
Did you see him go out
The boss made the employees work ten hours a day.
The employees were made to work ten hours a day.
(2)在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语,这时不定式通常是 “to be+形容词或副词”的结构.这类动词有：consider, think, believe, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等。 consider, think, find后的to be常可省略.
e.g.: We consider him (to be) a good teacher.
I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I met her.
5．作定语. 不定式作定语通常放在其修饰的名词或代词之后，与被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系.
e.g.: The next train to arrive was from New York.
He has a lot of letter to write.
He was the best man to do the job.
Women and children were the first to get into the lifeboats.
She has a child to take care of.
There is nothing to worry about.
The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.
He had no money and no place to live (in).
6. 作状语. 不定式作状语可以表示行为的目的、结果、原因、条件等.
e.g.: To save the child, he laid down his life.
To look at him, you would like him.
He got to the station only to find the train had gone.(only to do 常表意想不到或不愉快的结果)
I’m very glad to see you. (表喜怒哀乐的形容词后跟不定式表原因)
动词不定式的形式：
1、一般式：表示的动作通常与主要的谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生.
（not）to do（主动） to be done（被动）
e.g.: I am glad to see you. The house needs to be cleaned.
2、进行式：表示谓语的动作或情况发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行.
to be doing（主动）
e.g.: He pretended to be reading when I came in.
3、完成式：表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前或表动作发生在过去并且已完成。
to have done （主动） to have been done（被动）
e.g.: I’m sorry to have lost your key.
It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country.
4、完成进行式：表示不定式的动作在谓语动作之前发生并一直进行着.
to have been doing（主动）
e.g.: He was said to have been living in London for 20 years.
主动式 被动式
一般式 to do to be done
进行式 to be doing 无
完成式 to have done to have been done
完成进行式 to have been doing 无
不定式的常见结构:
1、用作独立成分. 有一些不定式短语可以用作状语修饰整个句子，也可被称为插入语.
e.g.: To be honest, we are not sure to work out the problem.
To be frank, I don’t agree with you.
to tell you truth说老实话 to begin with首先
to say nothing of姑且不说 to be sure诚然，固然
to make a long story short长话短说 to be brief简言之 to conclude总而言之
2、疑问词+不定式结构
疑问词who, what, which, when, where, how, why 后加动词不定式构成不定式短语，它在句中作主语、宾语和表语.
e.g.: How to solve the problem is very important.
He didn’t know what to say. My question is when to start.
3、不定式的复合结构，即It is+形容词+for/of sb.+不定式
在“It is+形容词+of sb.+不定式”的结构中，形容词往往表示人物的性格和特征，如：kind, silly, good, clever, wrong, right, foolish, careless, impolite, honest, bad等.
e.g.: It is kind of you to think so much of me. It is foolish of you to say that.
在“It is+形容词+for sb.+不定式”的结构中，形容词往往表示事物的性质,如:important, possible, impossible, necessary, difficult, hard, reasonable等.
e.g.: It is necessary for you to complete the program on time.
It is hard for him to get rid of his bad habits.
不定式的特殊用法:
1、在had better, had best, would rather, would rather…than, would sooner, cannot but, cannot help but, why not等结构后直接跟动词原形或“not+动词原形”.
e.g.: You’d better listen to your teacher’s opinion.
He cannot but move to another street.
We cannot help but admire his courage.
He always prefers to ride a bicycle rather than ride on a crowded bus.
2、两个不定式由and, or, except, but, whether等并列使用时, 为了避免重复，后面的不定式符号to可省略.
e.g.: The little girl hardly knew whether to laugh or cry.
Can you help me to call him and ask him to attend the meeting
3、不定式符号的单独使用。为了避免重复上文中出现过的动词，可以用不定式符号to来代替上文中出现过的不定式结构.
(1)在助动词或情态动词之后，如be going to, used to, have to, ought to, be able to, be about to等。
e.g.: She has to go, but you don’t have to (go).
He doesn’t like fish but he used to (like).
(2)在want, decide, like, love, hope, wish, mean, refuse, try等动词之后.
e.g.: You may go with them if you hope to (go).
-Did you go to see the Great Wall -I wanted to (go), but I was too busy.
(3)在作宾语补足语的ask, tell, order, advise, persuade, warn, wish, permit, allow等动词之后.
e.g.: Don’t do anything unless your father tells you to (do).
-May I use your car
-No, I don’t allow you to (use).
(4)在对话的答语中的happy, glad, anxious, willing, ready, pleased, afraid等形容词之后.
e.g.: -Will you lend me a hand
-I’m willing to (lend you a hand).
-Would you come to my birthday party tomorrow
-I’ll be glad to (come).
Step 3 Practice
Choose the best answer.
1.Paul doesn’t have to be made_____. He always works hard.
A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning
2.We agreed ___ here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.
A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met
3.The doctor and the nurses did all they could ____ the patient’s life.
A. save B. to save C. to be saving D. to have save
4.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle to the street, but his mother told him _____.
A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to
5.I would love ____ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.
A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone
6.The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, ___ it more difficult.
A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make
7.I went to see him ____ him out.
A. finding B. find C. only to find D. found
8.Two men were reported ____ in the accident.
A. to kill B. killed C. to be killed D. to have been killed
9.I don’t want_______ like I’m speaking ill of anybody ,but the manager’s plan is unfair.
A .to sound B .to be sounded C .sounding D .to have sounded
10.Energy drinks are not allowed______ in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.
A. to make B .to be made C. to have been made D .to be making
11. AIDS is said______ the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years(2006·湖北)
A .that it is B .to be C .that it has been D .to have been
12. It’s polite_____ you ________ so.
A. of; to do B. for; to do C. of; saying D. for; saying
13 .______this cake ,you’ll need 2 eggs,175 g sugar and 175 g flour.
A .Having made B .Make C .To make D .Making
14. He hurried to the booking office only______ that all the tickets had been sold out.(2006 陕西)
A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told
15. It remains_______ whether Jim’s be fit enough to play in the finals.(2006浙江)
A. seen B. to be seen C. seeing D. to see
16.As the twentieth century came to a close, the raw materials for a great national literature were at hand, waiting________.
A. to use B. to be used C. to have used D. to be using
17.In fact____ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.
A. this B. that C. there D. it
答案：1-5 B C B A B 6-10 B C D A B 11-17 DACBBB D
Step 4 Summary and Homework
Today, we’ve reviewed some new words learnt in this unit. In particular, we have learned the
usages of to-infinitive .After class, do more exercises to master them better.Finish the exercise
on page 9. Time is up. That’all for today. See you tomorrow.
Record after Teaching
Period7 Grammar and usage (Verb-ing form )
Teaching aims :
Learn to use the-ing form in different situations.
Teaching important and difficult points:
1. Master the basic use of –ing form.
2. How to finish the relavant exercises correctly and understand the use better.
Teaching method
1. Questions and answer
2. Pair/group work
3. Inductive method and deductive and method
Teaching aids :A slide projector , media equipment
Teaching procedures
Step 1 Greetings and Revision
1. Greet the whole class as usual.
2. Ask the Ss to revise the to-infinitive.
3. Check the homework.
Step 2 Lead-in
Show the following sentences on the screen and ask the Ss to tell what the underlined words are used as in the sentences.
Talking about problems often helps. ( subject)
He often practises playing the violin at the weekend. (object)
Thank you for helping me. (object)
Step 3 Verb-ing form as a noun
动名词的用法
1.作主语。在句子中作主语，泛指一种动作或行为。谓语动词应用单数.
eg. Swimming is good for your health.
2.作宾语。作宾语应注意：
(1)下列动词和动词短语后只跟－ing作宾语：
① avoid, admit, advise, allow, appreciate, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, excuse, escape, finish, keep, imagine, mind, miss, permit, practise, suggest(建议)等
避免错过少延期， avoid, miss, delay 建议完成多练习， suggest, finish, practise
喜欢想像禁不住， enjoy, imagine, can’t help 承认否定与嫉妒， admit, deny, envy
逃脱冒险莫原谅， escape, risk, excuse 忍受保持不介意， stand, keep, mind
② feel like, get down to, give up, insist on, keep on, devote oneself to, be worth, be / get used to, put off , stick to, look forward to, pay attention to, set about，look forward to, cannot stand, it is no use/ good等
(2)下列动词或动词短语后既可接－ing也可接不定式作宾语，但意义有所不同（如remember, forget, stop, try, regret, want, need, mean, go on, can’t help, be used to等）
forget to do sth.忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事
remember to do sth. 记住要做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
regret to do sth. 后悔/遗憾未做某事regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事
stop to do sth. 停下来接着做另一件事stop doing sth 停止做某件事
try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试着做某事
mean to do sth.打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
go on to do sth 继续做另一件事 go on doing sth 继续做同一件事
can’t help to do sth.不能帮助做某事can’t help doing sth.禁不住做某事
want/ need / require to do sth 需要做某事
want/ need/ require doing sth = want/ need/ require to be done 需要被。。。
be used to do sth.过去常常做某事 be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
(3) 动词like, love, prefer, begin, start, hate等后接不定式或动名词均可。表经常性的行为常用动名词，表某一次具体的行为常用不定式。但这些词前有would则用不定式。
I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim this afternoon.
I’d like to go swimming this weekend.
(4) allow/ advise/ forbid/ permit doing sth
allow/ advise/ forbid/ permit sb to do sth.
注意：动名词的复合结构，即它的逻辑主语（作主语只能用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格，作宾语既可用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格也可用宾格或名词的普通格）
Her swimming has improved since she started training every day.
Would you mind my smoking here
I would appreciate your/ you calling back this afternoon.
Would you mind his / him helping me with my homework
I can hardly imagine Peter/ Peter’s sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
Tom’s coming is what we have expected.
3. 动名词用在介词后面，做介词的宾语。
I keep fit by swimming every day.
She left without saying goodbye to us.
4. 用在复合词中，如：
waiting room / reading room
drinking water / walking stick/ opening ceremony/ sleeping bag
writing paper / washing machine / swimming pool…
Step4 Language points
1.Isn’t it wonderful to have good friends？（Page 9 Line 4）
[句法分析]it 为形式主语，不定式为真正的主语.
▲否定反问句
否定反问句可用于表达惊叹、建议、责问等语气
----Isn’t it a good idea to go swimming in such a hot day
----Yes,it is./No, I don’ think so.
Didn’t you say that
经典回放
is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more
prosperous economy.（2006·浙江）
A. As B. That C. This D. It
2.Speaking of friends, I’ve met…（Page 9 Line 5）
▲speak of: 谈到, 讲到,经常以 Speaking of 形式出现，作状语。
I hope you will not speak of it again
speak/ think highly of:高度赞扬
3.I decided to write rather than (4)_____ …. （Page 9 Line 7）
▲rather than 可作连词词组使用，连接两个平行结构，表示在两者中间进行选择，意为“是 A 而不是 B ”，后面可以接名词、代词、形容词、副词、动词等。
He is a writer rather than a teacher. 与其说他是教师，不如说他是作家。
You，rather than she，are my guest. 你是我的客人，而不是她。
The colour seems green rather than blue. 这颜色似乎是绿的，而不是蓝的。
He usually gets up early rather than late. 他经常起得早，而不是起得晚。
She left rather than stayed at home. 她不是呆在家里，而是走了。
Rather than cause trouble，he went away. 他宁可走开而不愿惹麻烦。
She is laughing rather than crying. 她是在笑，而不是在哭。
4.You know I would rather visit the dentist than study algebra and arithmetic!(page9,line16)
[句法分析]该句为简单句，you know为插入语，作独立成分.
▲would rather宁愿、宁可(+ do).其否定形式是would rather not do sth,如果在两者中进行取舍，则可用would rather…than…或would…rather than…的句型。例
I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.
The children would walk there rather than take a bus.
1）would(rather)和than后都接不带to的动词不定式，若选用的动词相同，那么than 后的动词可以省略。 例
I would rather have noodles than (have) rice.
Rather than work in such bad condition, he would give up.
2)使用would rather…than…句型时要注意“平行结构”，即在than 的前后要用两个同类的词或词组，如两个名词、两个不定式、两个介词短语等。 例
I would rather go to work by bike than by bus.
I would rather talk with his mother than with his father.
3)would rather+从句，是一个常用的虚拟语气句型 Would rather+从句,谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。其意为“宁愿……,还是…… 好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。引导从句的that常省略。在谈到过去的动作时，谓语则用过去完成时。 例
John wants to see me today. I would rather he came to tomorrow than today. (句中came不是表示过去而是表示将来)
We’d rather he paid us the money tomorrow.
Don’t come tomorrow. I’d rather you came next weekend.
5.Why not write to me and tell me all abort it （page 9 line 21）
[句法分析]and 连接两个并列的谓语动词write和tell.
▲Why not do... =Why don’t you do... 何不……，为什么不……？
Why don’t you have a try once again =Why not have a try once again
Why not = Good idea
经典回放
—How about putting some pictures into the report
— _______A picture is worth a thousand words.(2005·江苏)
A. No way. B. Why not C. All right D. No matter.
6. I can’t wait(13)_____.... （Page 9 Line23）
can/could not wait to do sth迫不及待做某事
I can’t wait to see you again.
I can hardly wait to hear the news.
7.When are you coming to visit me （Page 9 Line23）
be doing指最近按计划、安排要做的事，常常带时间状语，多用于go, come, leave, start, arrive, stay ,meet, get等动词.
经典回放
⑴In a room above the store, where a party ,some workers were busily setting the table.(2005·湖南)
A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held
⑵Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts The plane .(2006·福建)
A. takes off B. is taking off C .has taken off D. took off
⑶Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 off at 18:20(2006·四川)
A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken
8.I love to create a now identity for myself.(page 11,Line 5)
▲for oneself一般表示“为自己”的意思，还可表示“亲自地”的意思，间或也代替by oneself.
to oneself独占, 独用, 对自己 of oneself自动地
He has a right to decide for himself.他有权自己决定.
I should do it by myself.
When I dine in a restaurant, I like a table to myself.
The door opened of itself.
经典回放
You will find as you read this book that you just can’t keep some of the stories to .You will want to share them with a friend.(2005·湖南)
A. itself B. yourself C. himself D. themselves
9.Mum discourages me from keeping online.(page 11, Line 11)
[句法分析]该句为简单句，谓语动词为discourage
▲discourage v. 劝阻, 阻拦; 使泄气, 使失去信心;
His parents tried to discourage him from being an actor.
[Words 储蓄罐]
discouraged adj.对……感到失望的 discouraging adj.令人失望的
discouragement n.失望，泄气
[短语链接]
discourage stop/prevent sb.(from)doing sth.阻止某人做某事
keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事
we should stop them from making so much noise.
10.She says I spend an absurd amount of time online.(page11,Line12)
▲amount n 数量 总额 总值…
a large/ great / small amount of