(共36张PPT)
Module
3
The
Violence
of
Nature
Listening
&
Speaking
&Writing
1.
Learn
some
important
words
and
phrases;
2.
Train
the
students
to
listen
to
specific
facts
and
details;
3.
To
learn
to
write
about
natural
events.
Learning
aims
What
can
be
produced
in
a
volcanic
eruption
lava
Leading-in
ash
When
the
lava
reached
the
sea
,there
was
the
possibility
of
a
huge
tidal
wave
which
could
flood
half
the
island.
A
volcano
is
erupting
and
we
can
see
the
lava.
熔岩流、火山灰、有毒气体
↓
酸雨、火焰、泥流、气温下降、呼吸困难
↓
死伤及经济损失
熔岩流
volcano
erupt
ash
lava
tidal
wave
sea
Listening
&
Vocabulary
–1.Read
the
passage
at
Activity
1,
Page
25,
then
fill
the
map
and
explain
the
process
of
eruption.
Once
a
________
erupts,
____________
can
come
up
through
the
volcano.
And
when
the
_____
reaches
the
sea,
it’s
very
likely
to
see
a
huge
_________
which
can
cause
a
great
damage.
The
process
of
eruption
tidal
wave
volcano
ash
and
lava
lava
Answers:
a
b
b
b
Listening
&
Vocabulary–
2.
Finish
the
exercise
at
Activity
3,
Page
25.
【拓展】
1.
set
fire
to
sth.
=
set
sth.
on
fire
放火烧……
2.
catch
fire
着火
3.
manage
to
do
设法做到……
4.
put
out
熄灭
Listening
&Vocabulary–
3.Listen
and
answer
the
following
questions
at
Activity
4,Page
25.
Answers:
1.
In
the
center
of
Plymouth,
capital
of
Montserrat.
2.
A
reporter
and
Frank
Savage
,
Governor
of
the
island.
3.
No,
it
isn’t.
4.
About
6,000.
5.
None.
6.
They
don’t
know.
The
reporter
and
Frank
Savage,
the
________of
the
island
Montserrat,
are
standing
in
the
_______of
Plymouth,
they
were
talking
about
the
_________
________
a
week
ago.
The
volcano
_______,
and
ash
and
______poured
down
the
mountain
towards
the
sea.
________,
the
people
there
got
plenty
of
________,
so
_____of
the
population
managed
to
go
to
another
island
before
the
eruption,
that
is,
about
Listen
again
and
fill
in
the
blanks：
governor
center
volcanic
eruption
erupted
lava
Luckily
warning
half
____thousand
people
out
of
______________
had
left.
_____,
hundreds
of
houses
__________when
the
lava
reached
them.
__________,
the
fire
was
______quite
quickly.
But
the
volcano
could
erupt
again,
so
the
_________from
the
governor
is
that
the
people
should
not
go
back
to
their
houses.
_________,
it
won’t
be
long.
six
eleven
thousand
Sadly
caught
fire
Fortunately
put
out
message
Hopefully
Language
points
1．possibility
n．可能性；可能
When
the
lava
reached
the
sea，there
was
the
possibility
of
a
huge
tidal
wave
which
could
flood
half
the
island.
当岩浆到达大海时，有可能引起巨大的潮
汐，淹没半个岛屿。
Is
there
any
possibility
of
your
getting
to
London
this
week？本周你有可能去伦敦吗？
【知识拓展】
①There
is
the/no
possibility
of
(doing)
sth.
有/没有……的可能性
There
is
a/
the/
no
possibility
that...
“有/没有可能……”(that引导同位语从句)
It
is
possible
that
I
might
be
of
some
use
in
that
part
of
work.
在做工作的那一部分时，我可能帮得上忙。
②possible
adj.
可能的
It
is
possible
to
do
sth./that...有可能做……
2．set
fire
to
sth./set
sth.
on
fire
放火烧……；使……着火
Ash
and
lava
poured
down
the
mountain，setting
fire
to
hundreds
of
houses.
火山灰和岩浆从山上流下来，引燃了成百上千所房子。
Who
set
fire
to
the
house(＝Who
set
the
house
on
fire)？
是谁放火烧的那座房子？
【知识拓展】
3．put
out
熄灭；扑灭；生产；出版
We
put
all
the
fires
out.
我们扑灭了所有的火。
This
magazine
is
put
out
every
Friday.
这份杂志每周五出版。
The
factory
puts
out
300
new
cars
a
week.
这家工厂一周生产300辆新汽车。
【知识拓展】
off
down
out
Student
A:
You
are
a
reporter
from
CCTV-channel
9.
You
are
reporting
on
a
natural
disaster.
·
Make
a
list
of
questions
to
ask.
Where
were
you
when
it
happened
What
were
you
doing
1
Speaking
Talk
about
a
natural
disaster!
Role
play
Other
students:
You
are
local
residents
in
the
area
of
the
violent
natural
event.
Describe
which
kind
of
violent
natural
event
you
saw.
(hurricane,
volcanic
eruption,
tornado,
etc.)
Think
of
things
that
happened
to
you
or
things
that
you
saw.
Tell
the
reporter
where
you
were
and
what
you
saw.
Practise
your
interviews
and
then
act
them
out
for
the
rest
of
the
class.
2
Read
the
passage
and
answer
the
questions.
.1.
Where
did
this
happen
Near
the
beach.
2.
What
happened
to
the
trees
They
began
to
move
from
side
to
side.
3.
Where
did
the
person
have
to
stay
In
their
rooms
of
the
hotel.
4.
For
how
long
About
two
days.
Writing
How
to
describe
a
violent
natural
event
Fill
the
blank
first
,
then
reorganize
all
information
into
a
passage.
Violent
natural
event
When
Where
Why
How
strong
Damage
如何写自然灾害类说明文
本模块的写作文体是介绍自然灾害的说明文。描述自然灾害首先要说明该灾害的基本情况，然后根据需要选择角度，简明扼要而又重点突出地介绍，力求真实准确，恰如其分。写好自然灾害类文章的关键是实事求是、简明扼要。
自然灾害类说明文一般包括以下几点：灾害发生的时间、地点等；灾害的危害性及其发生规律；补救措施；经验教训或建议。
自然灾害类说明文的特点：
1．时态相对统一：多用一般现在时和一般过去时，有时为了表达的需要会在个别地方采用其他时态。
2.一般采用客观表述，避免主观色彩。
3．叙述格式比较固定。通常为：事件→描述灾害→提出建议等。
【常用句型】
1．灾害的发生：
There
was/
is...in...；A
terrible...hit/struck；
...happened/
took
place/
broke
out.
2．灾害的影响：
Everything
was
destroyed.
Thousands
of
people
were
made
homeless.
The
disaster
caused...deaths/injuries.
The
disaster
caused
great
damage
to...
3．采取措施及建议：
When
you...，you
should...
If...，you
had
better...
Measures
have
been
taken
to
help...
Luckily，the
army
has
been
sent
to
rescue...
1976年7月28日深夜，人们正在睡觉。随着一声巨响，成千上万的房屋倒塌，水电被切断，全城到处是大火和浓烟，几乎全城被毁，约24.2万人丧生，许多人受伤，许多人无家可归。
全国各地的人们全力帮助唐山人民重建家园。今日唐山比以前更美好。
题目：An
Earthquake
in
China
词数：100词左右
【写作训练】
Write
a
Composition
The
Chinese
people
will
never
forget
the
1976
earthquake
in
Tangshan.
On
the
late
night
of
July
28,
1976,
people
were
sleeping.
With
a
terrible
noise,
houses
and
tall
buildings
fell
down.
Water
and
electricity
were
cut
off.
There
were
fires
and
smoke
everywhere.
The
whole
city
was
almost
destroyed
【参考范文】
An
Earthquake
in
China
and
about
242,000
people
were
killed
in
the
earthquake.
A
large
number
of
people
were
injured
and
many
lost
their
homes.
On
hearing
the
news,
people
all
over
the
country
tried
their
best
to
help
the
people
in
Tangshan
rebuild
their
homes.
Tangshan
has
been
made
more
beautiful
than
before.
bad
news
good
news
sadly
luckily
hopefully
thankfully
fortunately
unfortunately
Matching
1.
_____________________________,
we
had
plenty
of
warning.
2.
__________________,
there
were
several
villages
in
its
path.
3.
_______________________________________,
no
one
was
killed.
Fortunately/
Thankfully/
Luckily
Unfortunately/
Sadly
Hopefully/
Fortunately/
Thankfully/Luckily
Finish
the
exercises
at
Activity
2,
Page
28.
4.
________________________________________,
it
won’t
be
too
long.
5.
___________________,
hundreds
of
houses
caught
fire
when
the
lava
reached
them.
6.
______________________________,
we
put
all
the
fires
out
quite
quickly.
Unfortunately/
Sadly
Hopefully/
Fortunately/
Thankfully/Luckily
Fortunately/
Thankfully/
Luckily
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.
The
place
was
visited
recently
as
a
result
of
a
serious
volcanic
________
(erupt).
2.
The
_____
(tide)
wave
formed
a
terrifying
wall
of
water.
3.
There
is
no
__________
(possible)
that
Bob
can
win
the
first
prize
in
the
match.
4.
Fear
of
danger
is
ten
thousand
times
more
_______
(terrify)
than
danger
itself.
5.
My
repeated
_________
(warn)
to
her
went
in
at
one
ear
and
out
at
the
other.
eruption
tidal
Class
exercises
terrible
possibility
warning
Homework
Working
in
groups,
try
to
make
a
postcard
about
one
of
the
natural
disasters
we
have
learnt
this
module.
More
photos
are
welcome.
Where
there
is
life,
there
is
hope.
生命不息，希望常在。Module
3
Violence
of
Nature
Period
2
Reading
and
Vocabulary
Ⅰ.
完形填空
I
was
said
to
be
the
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orst
student
in
my
class,
and
my
family
thought
I
was
hopeless.
I
had
to 1 grade
six.
At
that
time
a
new
teacher,
Miss
Sadia,
came
to
our
school.
One
day
after
class
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
she 2 that
I
was
staying
alone
during
the
lunch
break.
She
came
to
me
and
began
to
talk
to
me.
It
was
just
a 3 conversation.
After
that
day,
she
gave
me
particular 4 and
it
made
me
feel
special(特别的).
I
started
to
work
hard
because
she
gave
me
the
feeling
that 5 believed
me,
and
my 6 started
to
improve(提高)in
her
subject.
Months
later
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
she
moved
into
a
house
near
my 7 .
We
would
walk
home
together
after
school.
Her
constant(不断的)support
helped
me,
8 in
my
studies,
as
I
knew
she
would 9 my
grades
both
in
her
subject
and
the
other
subjects.
I
finally 10 second
in
my
class.
Then,
after
grade
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ix,
she
started
to
slowly
drift
away(疏远) 11 still
kept
a
constant(不断的)check
on
me.
By
the
time
I
was
in
grade
seven,
we 12 spoke,
but
by
then
I
had
become
the 13 in
my
class.
When
I
left
my
school,
I
was 14 with
her,
as
she
never
answered
the 15 when
I
called
her.
Then
I
graduat
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed
and
went
to
a
good
university.
One
fine
day,
our
paths(路) 16 again.
I
met
her
at
a
wedding.
I
could
not 17 asking
her,
“Why
did
you
stop
talking
to
me
”
“You
are
a
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lever
boy.
I
wanted
you
to
be
a
tree 18 on
your
own
roots,
not
depending
on(依靠)others.
Now
here
you
are
and
I
feel 19 of
you.
You
are
your
inspiration
and
do
not
need
to 20 a
shoulder,
”she
said.
I
could
not
say
anything,
but
I
smiled.
I’ll
always
thank
her.
【语篇概述】作者在小学时
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )老师和家长认为他是个差等生,
要他留级,
这时遇到了一位Miss
Sadia老师,
在她的帮助和鼓励下,
作者取得很大进步,
但是从此以后,
Miss
Sadia不再给他很多关注,
直到毕业后的一次偶遇,
他才知道了老师这样做的真正原因。
1.
A.
jump
B.
attend
C.
copy
D.
repeat
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据“I
was
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )said
to
be
the
worst
student
in
my
class,
and
my
family
thought
I
was
hopeless”可知老师和家长都认为“我”是差生,
所以不得不留级,
选D。
2.
A.
heard
B.
noticed
C.
learned
D.
sensed
【解析】选B。根据下文可知一天下课后,
她注意到“我”一个人孤独地待着,
选B。notice注意到。
3.
A.
stupid
B.
useless
C.
normal
D.
secret
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。从上下文可知这只是很平常的谈话,
但是后来老师却格外注意“我”。normal正常的。
4.
A.
attention
B.
attraction
C.
explanation
D.
examination
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。根据空后内容
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可知“我”有一种不同的感觉,
由此判断老师对“我”特别关注,
故选A。attention注意;
attraction吸引人的物;
explanation解释;
examination考试。
5.
A.
everyone
B.
someone
C.
anyone
D.
nobody
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。从上文可知老师对“我”特别关注,
所以作者感受到了来自别人的信任,
选B。
6.
A.
words
B.
objects
C.
classes
D.
grades
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据文意可以推断作者在老师教的那科的成绩开始提高了,
选D。
7.
A.
home
B.
school
C.
hotel
D.
company
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据“We
wou
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld
walk
home
together
after
school”可知老师搬到了离“我”家很近的一所房子里。选A。
8.
A.
generally
B.
actually
C.
especially
D.
usually
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。她不断鼓励“我”,
尤其在学业方面,
由此推断选C。especially特别,
尤其。
9.
A.
change
B.
look
C.
improve
D.
check
【解析】选D。词汇复现题。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据语境判断老师会检查他的学习情况,
会查他各科的成绩,
而且根据下文“still
kept
a
constant
check
on
me”内容也可以判断选D。
10.
A.
received
B.
came
C.
caught
D.
held
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。固定短语:
come
second获得第二名,
句意:
最后我获得班级第二名。选B。
11.
A.
but
B.
as
C.
or
D.
so
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。从前后句内容可知此处表示转折关系,
句意:
老师开始慢慢地疏远我,
但是还是经常检查我的学习成绩,
选A。
12.
A.
ever
B.
often
C.
once
D.
hardly
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。从上文内容可知老师对作者渐渐疏远,
由此判断当“我”上七年级时,
“我们”几乎就不交谈了,
故选D。
13.
A.
oldest
B.
strongest
C.
best
D.
cleverest
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。到那时,
“我”已经成为班级最好的学生了,
故选C。
14.
A.
out
of
touch
B.
in
common
C.
out
of
reach
D.
in
touch
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )out
of
touch失去联系;
in
common共同的;
out
of
reach够不着;
in
touch联系。根据情况的发展可知等“我”毕业以后,
我们再也没有联系,
故选A。
15.
A.
road
B.
schoolyard
C.
phone
D.
machine
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据空后“when
I
called
her”可知当“我”给她打电话时,
她从不接“我”的电话,
故选C。
16.
A.
separated
B.
formed
C.
added
D.
crossed
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。separate分
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )离;
form形成;
add增加;
cross交叉。根据作者的讲述可知作者和老师渐渐不再联系,
但是后来又在一次婚礼上相遇了,
两人相遇,
也就是两条路有了交叉,
由此判断选D。
17.
A.
finish
B.
help
C.
prevent
D.
keep
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据作者说的话可知“我”是情不自禁地问她“为什么不再和我说话”,
选B。
18.
A.
standing
B.
flying
C.
growing
D.
sitting
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。从下文内容可知老师希望作者独立,
要像一棵树一样,
靠着自己的根站立着,
而不是依赖于别人的帮助,
故选A。
19.
A.
sad
B.
proud
C.
good
D.
ashamed
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。sad伤心的;
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )proud自豪的;
good好的;
ashamed惭愧的。从上文内容可知作者成绩优秀,
所以老师应该是为他自豪。
20.
A.
give
up
B.
get
on
C.
look
for
D.
take
up
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。give
up放
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )弃;
get
on进展;
look
for寻找;
take
up拿起。从老师说的话可知老师不希望他去依赖别人,
要靠自己的力量。look
for
a
shoulder“依靠别人”,
故选C。
Ⅱ.
阅读理解
A
For
more
than
two
day
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
in
September
1974,
the
people
of
Honduras
shut
their
windows,
locked
their
doors
and
cowered(畏缩)in
their
homes.
Fifi
was
outside,
and
they
were
frightened.
By
the
time
Fifi
h
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ad
left,
8,
000
people
were
dead.
Fifi
wasn’t
a
pet
dog
as
the
name
suggests.
It
was
a
hurricane,
one
of
the
most
destructive
natural
phenomena
in
the
world.
Why
do
we
give
hum
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an
names
to
swirling
bundles
of
wind
and
rain
and
cloud
We
didn’t
alw
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ays
give
them
human
names.
Two
hundred
years
ago,
many
hurricanes
in
the
Caribbean
were
named
after
the
saint’s(基督教徒的)day
on
which
the
storm
occurred.
Later,
storms
were
known
by
the
name
of
the
city
where
they
came
ashore.
Meteorologists(气象学家
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))then
tried
naming
storms
after
the
latitude(纬度)and
longitude(经度)where
they
occurred.
Finally,
in
1953,
hur
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ricanes
started
getting
people’s
names—specially,
female
names.
Male
names
were
added
in
1979.
There
are
six
sets
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
names
for
what
the
experts
call
Atlantic
tropical
cyclones.
Each
list
is
used
e
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )very
six
years
and
consists
of
21
names,
starting
with
every
letter
but
Q,
U,
X,
Y
and
Z.
The
names
“alternate”
between
male
and
female.
A
storm
won’t
get
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
a
name
until
its
winds
reach
39
mph
or
about
62.
4
kph,
at
which
point
it
becomes
a
tropical
storm.
At
74
mph
or
118.
4
kph
it’s
declared
a
hurricane.
The
126
names
on
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
list
are
used
only
for
storms
from
off
the
Atlantic
coast
of
the
US.
There
are
separate
lists
for
the
Pacific.
So
what
happe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ns
if
a
hurricane
should
cross
from
the
Atlantic
to
the
Pacific
It
has
happened
before.
The
storm
just
gets
a
new
name
and
sometimes
a
new
sex.
Max
Mayfield
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
director
of
the
National
Hurricane
Centre,
headquartered
in
Miami,
Florida.
He’s
in
charge
of
picking
up
new
names
for
storms
off
the
Atlantic
coast.
He
doesn’t
d
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
it
alone,
though.
His
counterparts
in
two
dozen
other
countries
in
the
Caribbean,
Central
America
and
North
America
vote
on
what
names
will
replace
retired
names.
【语篇概述】文章讲述飓风名字的由来。
1.
Fifi
was
a .
A.
pet
dog
B.
hurricane
C.
girl
D.
storm
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“It
was
a
hurricane.
.
.
”可知答案。
2.
We
started
to
give
storms
and
hurricanes
human
names .
A.
all
the
time
B.
two
hundred
years
ago
C.
in
the
1950s
D.
in
1979
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据短文第六段第一
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句“Finally,
in
1953,
hurricanes
started
getting
people’s
names”可知答案。
3.
Storms
from
both
the
Atlantic
and
the
Pacific
get names.
A.
same
B.
different
C.
126
D.
21
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据短文倒数第四段可知形成于大西洋和太平洋的飓风有不同的名字。故选B。
4.
The
best
title
for
this
text
is .
A.
How
Storms
and
Hurricanes
Get
Their
Names
B.
Storms
and
Hurricanes
C.
Male
or
Female
D.
Hurricanes
in
the
Caribbean
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。从短文
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )首段的Fifi,
到末段的投票决定名字,
文章始终没有离开飓风的“名字”,
所以判断A最佳,
B和D没有提及“名字”,
所以不正确,
C偏离文章内容。
B
Every
year
there
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are
hundreds
of
earthquakes
in
different
parts
of
the
world.
In
September,
1923,
Tokyo
and
Yokohama
were
both
destroyed
by
an
earthquake
and
the
fires
that
followed
it.
They
had
to
be
completely
rebuilt.
One
of
the
most
serious
earthquakes
was
in
China’s
Shaanxi
Province
in
1556.
It
killed
almost
one
million
people.
We
measure
an
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )earthquake’s
strength
on
the
Richter
Scale.
The
Richter
Scale
was
introduced
in
1935
in
Southern
California
in
the
USA.
It
measures
earthquakes
on
a
scale
of
one
to
ten.
Any
earthquake
measuring
five
or
more
is
usually
serious.
The
Earth’s
cru
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st(地壳)is
made
up
of
rock
called
plates.
As
these
plates
move,
they
sometimes
crash
against
each
other,
causing
the
crust
to
quake.
In
cities
such
as
Tokyo,
where
small
quakes
happen
quite
often,
many
modern
buildings
are
designed
to
be
flexible
so
when
the
plate
moves,
they
move
with
it.
Earthquakes
can
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lso
break
up
gas
and
oil
pipes.
This
can
cause
fires
to
break
out,
which
can
do
as
much
damage
as
the
earthquake
itself.
Another
effect
of
earthquakes
is
tsunamis.
These
are
huge
waves
created
by
earthquakes
beneath
the
sea.
They
can
be
many
meters
high
and
cause
great
damage
to
coastal
towns
and
cities.
China,
Japan,
Russia
and
the
USA
have
the
highest
occurrence(发生)of
earthquakes
in
the
world.
【语篇概述】本文主要讲述了大自然中的一种很常见的灾难——地震的具体信息。
5.
The
passage
is
mainly
about .
A.
scientists
who
study
earthquakes
B.
the
way
of
measuring
earthquakes
C.
a
usual
natural
disaster—earthquakes
D.
what
people
should
do
in
the
earthquake
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据文章第一段内容可知本文主要讲述了大自然中的一种很常见的灾难——地震的具体信息。
6.
Earthquakes .
A.
don’t
cause
much
damage
B.
are
not
serious
C.
most
possibly
happen
in
Japan
D.
happen
all
over
the
world
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第一句话可知D项正确。
7.
According
to
the
passage
we
know
that
tsunamis .
A.
can
cause
earthquakes
B.
are
caused
by
earthquakes
C.
only
happen
on
land
D.
are
a
way
of
measuring
earthquakes
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第四段的第四句可知海啸是由海底的地震所导致的,
故B正确。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据阅读理解B写出文中以下单词的含义
①measure v.
__________
②strength
n.
__________
③introduce
v.
__________
④plate
n.
__________
⑤crash
v.
__________
⑥pipe
n.
__________
⑦effect
n.
__________
答案：①测定
②强度
③采用
④板块
⑤碰撞
⑥管道
⑦后果Module
3
Violence
of
Nature
Period
4
Integrating
Skills
Ⅰ.
从方框中选词并用其适当形式填空
active,
ash,
damage,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eruption,
terrifying,
luckily,
warning,
possibility,
previous,
ruin
1.
They
seem
to
have
nothing
but
bad
__________
.
2.
His
main
__________
after
work
is
playing
football
with
some
friends.
3.
He
__________
me
not
to
go
near
the
horse
because
it
kicks.
4.
Smoke
and
flames
came
out
of
the
volcano
as
it
__________
.
5.
The
noise
of
the
thunder
__________
the
small
children.
6.
Almost
each
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )person
has
__________
been
heavy
smokers
in
the
group.
7.
After
the
war
the
Japanese
economy
lay
in
__________
.
8.
Many
buildings
were
badly
__________
during
the
war.
9.
We’ll
do
everything
__________
to
finish
the
task
on
time.
10.
Their
house
was
burned
to
__________
overnight.
答案：1.
luck
2.
activity
3.
warned
4.
erupted
5.
terrified
6.
previously
7.
ruins
8.
damaged
9.
possible
10.
ashes
Ⅱ.
用适当的短语形式完成句子
according
to catch
fire put
out
set
fire
to take
place turn
over
1.
The
meeting
will
__________
as
planned.
2.
The
police
hasn’t
found
out
who
__________
the
storehouse.
3.
She
was
rushing
around
madly
trying
to
__________
the
fire.
4.
Don’t
stand
too
clo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se
to
that
stove.
Your
clothes
may
__________
.
5.
They
divided
themselves
into
three
groups
__________
age.
6.
The
wheelchair
__________
and
Nancy
was
thrown
out.
答案：1.
take
place
2.
set
fire
to
3.
put
out
4.
catch
fire
5.
according
to
6.
turned
over
Ⅲ.
阅读理解
Heavy
snow
and
low
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
temperatures
caused
further
damage
across
northern
Europe
on
Monday—stranding(滞留的)travelers,
snarling(混乱的)traffic
and
shutting
schools.
More
than
1,
000
fligh
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts
at
Germany’s
main
airports
in
Frankfurt,
Munich
and
Berlin
were
canceled
and
many
more
delayed
after
up
to
40
cm
of
fresh
snow
covering
the
country.
Some
500
passengers
slept
at
Frankfurt
airport.
Airlines
advised
passengers
to
take
trains
if
possible.
In
the
Unite
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
Kingdom,
British
Airways
said
the
severe
weather
continued
to
cause
great
damage
to
operations
and
further
travel.
Only
one
of
two
runways
at
London
Heathrow,
the
world’s
busiest
international
airport,
was
operating
after
the
snowstorm.
Other
UK
airports
were
open,
but
many
flights
were
canceled,
and
many
passengers
spent
a
second
night
at
an
airport
terminal(终点站).
Northern
France
was
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lso
covered
by
heavy
snow.
Air
travel
was
reduced
at
Paris’two
main
airports,
with
Orly
airport
shutting
down.
In
Poland,
har
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
hit
by
the
cold
weather,
six
people
froze
to
death
on
Sunday
night,
raising
the
death
toll
to
114
in
the
last
month.
Heavy
snow
stopped
Warsaw
traffic
again
on
Monday.
Warsaw
airport
was
open
but
was
receiving
far
fewer
passengers
than
usual
because
of
flight
cancellations
in
western
Europe.
【文章大意】本文叙述的是因为大雪和低温使北欧许多航班取消,
造成了大量乘客滞留的事。
1.
How
many
countries
are
mentioned
in
the
passage
A.
Three.
B.
Four.
C.
Five.
D.
Six.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。本
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文提到了四个国家,
分别是:
Germany(德国)、the
UK(英国)、France(法国)和Poland(波兰)。
2.
Which
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
following
was
NOT
related
to
heavy
snow
and
low
temperatures
A.
That
more
travelers
stayed
in
the
airport.
B.
That
workers
were
on
strike
for
better
public
traffic.
C.
That
many
schools
had
to
stop
having
classes.
D.
That
traffic
didn’t
run
as
usual.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第一段可知,
大雪和低温造成了游客滞留、交通瘫痪和学校停课。故选B。
3.
The
underlined
word“canceled”in
the
second
paragraph
means“ ”.
A.
continued
B.
considered
C.
stopped
D.
forgotten
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据上下文可知,
由于大雪和低温,
机场的航班被取消了。cancel表示“取消”,
所以选C。
4.
The
world’s
busiest
international
airport
is .
A.
Berlin
airport
B.
Paris
airport
C.
Warsaw
airport
D.
London
Heathrow
airport
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )据第三段第二句Only
one
of
two
runways
at
London
Heathrow,
the
world’s
busiest
international
airport,
was
operating
after
the
snowstorm.
可知。
5.
We
can
conclude
from
the
passage
that .
A.
more
people
are
li
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )kely
to
die
because
of
the
cold
weather
in
Europe
B.
fewer
people
will
travel
in
Europe
in
such
cold
weather
C.
the
snowstorm
is
the
worst
in
the
history
of
the
UK
D.
all
airports
will
be
shut
down
【解析】选B。推理判断题。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据最后一段以及上下文可知,
由于大雪和严寒以及一些航班的取消,
在这样的天气中将会有越来越少的游客到欧洲旅游。故选B。
Ⅳ.
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )交换修改作文,
请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,
每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:
在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),
并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:
把多余的词用斜线(\)画掉。
修改:
在错的词下画一横线,
并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.
每处错误及修改均仅限一词;
2.
只允许修改10处,
多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear
editor,
In
the
past
my
h
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ometown
was
used
to
be
a
beautiful
place.
Thick
trees
and
green
grass
could
be
seen
in
everywhere.
In
order
to
build
house
and
grow
more
crops,
people
cut
down
more
and
more
trees.
With
time
went
on,
the
whole
forest
was
almost
destroyed.
Gradually
the
green
hills
have
changed
into
wasteland.
As
a
result,
sandstorms
struck
us
now
and
then,
which
we
suffer
a
lot.
But
I
do
hope
all
the
people
should
realize
the
terribly
result
of
not
caring
about
our
environment.
What’s
more,
they
should
take
good
care
of
the
forests
and
plant
trees
instead
cutting
them
down
to
improve
our
living
conditions.
答案:
Dear
editor，In
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
past
my
hometown
was
used
to
be
a
beautiful
place.
Thick
trees
and
green
grass
could
be
seen
in
everywhere.
In
order
to
build
house
and
grow
houses
more
crops,
people
cut
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
down
more
and
more
trees.
With
time
went
on,
As或went→going
the
whole
fores
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
was
almost
destroyed.
Gradually
the
green
hills
have
changed
into
wasteland.
As
a
result,
sandstorms
struck
us
now
and
then，∧
which
we
suffer
strike
from
a
lot.
But
I
do
hop
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
all
the
people
should
realize
the
terribly
result
of
not
So
terrible
caring
about
our
e
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nvironment.
What’s
more,
they
should
take
good
care
of
the
forests
we
and
plant
trees
ins
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tead∧cutting
them
down
to
improve
our
living
conditions.
of
1.
【解析】第一句去掉was。used
to
be.
.
.
过去是……固定短语。
2.
【解析】第二句去掉介词in。副词前不用介词。
3.
【解析】第三句house→houses。可数名词,
根据语境应用其复数形式。
4.
【解析】第四句With→As或went
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )→going。with是介词,
后接动词应用非谓语形式,
分析可知,
应用going;
as是连词,
后接从句。
5.
【解析】第六句struck→strike。表示经常发生的动作应用一般现在时。
6.
【解析】第六句在which前加from。suffer
from遭受……的痛苦。
7.
【解析】第七句But→So。本句与上句是因果关系,
不是转折关系。
8.
【解析】第七句terribly→terrible。修饰名词用形容词。
9.
【解析】第八句they→we。由下文our可知应用第一人称。
10.
【解析】第八句在instead后加of。instead
of固定短语,
意为“而不是”。Module
3
Violence
of
Nature
Period
4
Integrating
Skills
Ⅰ.
完形填空
I
was
a
late
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rrival
to
university.
I
didn’t
enroll(入学)until
my
74th
year,
and
wasn’t
to 1 until
last
week.
At
78,
I 2 a
BA(文学士)in
history
at
Birkbeck
University
of
London(伦敦大学伯贝克学院).
I
grew
up
in
wartime
B
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ritain
and
my 3 was
completely
destroyed
by
the
war.
By
the
time
I
left 4 ,
aged
15,
I
had
been
to
11
different
schools.
5 the
war,
I
worked
as
a
black
cab
driver
for
42
years,
but
always 6 that
I
hadn’t
received
education.
So
I
enrolled
at
Birkbeck,
which
is
best
at
evening 7 .
I
soon
realized
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat 8 the
education
I
had
missed
as
a
child
wouldn’t
be 9 .
I
didn’t
understand
a
word
of
my
first 10 .
With
the
support
of
my
teachers,
I
began
my
study.
When
I
had 11 three
weeks
into
the
course,
my
teacher 12 told
me,
“You
will
get
this
BA,
no
matter
what.
Any
problems,
you
come
and
see
me.
”The
other
students
also
helped
to 13 me
through.
It
hasn’t
been
an
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )easy
journey,
but
I
feel 14 to
have
experienced
student
life.
The
day
when
I
found
out
I’d 15 my
degree
was
full
of
joy.
You
can 16 be
sure
that
you’re
going
to
make
it
until
you’ve 17 it
through
the
last
exam.
The
graduation
ceremon
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y
last
week
was
one
of
the 18 moments
of
my
life.
My
wife,
my
two
sons,
my
classmates
and
my
teachers
were
all
there
to 19 the
moment
with
me.
When
I
heard
my
name
read
out
and 20 the
stage
I
was
able
to
say
that
I
truly
had
realized
a
lifetime
aim.
【语篇概述】“我”74岁才上大学,
上周刚毕业。78岁的“我”取得了伦敦大学的历史学学士学位,
“我”这一生终于如愿以偿了。
1.
A.
work
B.
drive
C.
graduate
D.
study
【解析】选C。背景常识题。根据下文内容可知,
这里的意思是“我是上周刚毕业的”。
2.
A.
started
B.
finished
C.
taught
D.
devoted
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。74岁时入学,
78岁“完成”了伦敦大学的历史学学士学位的学习。finish表示“完成”。
3.
A.
education
B.
hobby
C.
health
D.
job
【解析】选A。背景常识题。本句是第二段的主题句,
根据后面的描述可知,
“我”在英国的战乱时期成长,
战争完全毁了“我”的“学业”。
4.
A.
home
B.
war
C.
college
D.
school
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。根据后半
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句I
had
been
to
11
different
schools.
可知,
这里的意思是“15岁离开学校时,
我上过11所不同的学校”。
5.
A.
After
B.
Before
C.
During
D.
Until
【解析】选A。习语搭配题。根据后面的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I
worked
as
a
black
cab
driver
for
42
years可知,
应该是战争结束“后”。
6.
A.
imagined
B.
felt
C.
found
D.
understood
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。根据上文可知,
“我”接受过教育,
但“我”总“觉得”自己没接受过教育。
7.
A.
dresses
B.
papers
C.
activities
D.
classes
【解析】选D。背景常识题。根据第一段可知Birkbeck为伦敦大学的一个学院,
“我”在Birkbeck上夜大。所以只有D项符合语境。
8.
A.
looking
up
B.
making
up
C.
putting
up
D.
setting
up
【解析】选B。短语辨析题
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。根据后面的the
education
I
had
missed
as
a
child可知,
这里说的是“弥补那些孩提时错过的课”。make
up在这里表示“弥补”;
look
up抬头看,
查找;
put
up举起,
建立,
张贴;
set
up建立,
创立,
安排。
9.
A.
easy
B.
hard
C.
comfortable
D.
unhappy
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。根据下文的描述可知,
这句话的意思应该是“很快我就意识到,
要弥补那些孩提时错过的课并不是一件容易的事”。
10.
A.
homework
B.
exam
C.
lesson
D.
experiment
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。上第一节“课”“我”一点都不懂。
11.
A.
doubts
B.
quarrels
C.
success
D.
experience
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。根据后面的老师鼓励的话语可知,
这里表示“当我有疑惑时”。
12.
A.
seldom
B.
again
C.
almost
D.
always
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。根据
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )后面的内容可知,
导师总是告诉“我”:
“不管怎样,
你都会得到这个文学学士学位的。有什么问题,
随时来问我。”
13.
A.
put
B.
see
C.
carry
D.
read
【解析】选C。习语搭配题。其他学生也在帮
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )助“我”“渡过难关”。carry
sb.
through帮助某人渡过难关,
符合语境;
put
sb.
through接通某人的电话;
see
sb.
through看穿某人。
14.
A.
happy
B.
sad
C.
alone
D.
terrible
【解析】选A。背景常识题。happy高
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )兴与but转折的意思照应也和下文的full
of
joy一致。这是一个艰难的学习之旅,
但我“有幸”感受到学生时代的生活。
15.
A.
acted
B.
answered
C.
began
D.
passed
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。“我”发现“我”已“通过”学位考试的那一天“我”满心欢喜。
16.
A.
just
B.
often
C.
never
D.
even
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。根据上下文语境可知,
直到通过了最后一门考试,
你才能确认你真的成功了,
做到了。
17.
A.
done
B.
made
C.
brought
D.
taken
【解析】选B。习语搭配题。根据上面的make
it可得出答案。固定表达make
it表示“成功,
办成,
做到”。
18.
A.
kindest
B.
longest
C.
lowest
D.
proudest
【解析】选D。背景常识题。上周的毕业典礼是“我”一生中“最自豪”的时刻之一。
19.
A.
manage
B.
mark
C.
share
D.
notice
【解析】选C。背景常识题。“我”的妻子,
还有两个儿子,
同学和导师们和“我”一起“分享”这一时刻。
20.
A.
crossed
B.
lifted
C.
placed
D.
protected
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。此处意为:
当我听到读我的名字时,
走过舞台的那一刻,
我要说这一生的愿望终于实现了。
Ⅱ.
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作文,
请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,
每句中最多有两处,
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:
在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),
并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:
把多余的词用斜线(\)画掉。
修改:
在错的词下画一横线,
并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.
只允许修改10处,
多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Tom
and
Dick
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
are
next
door
neighbor
who
both
work
in
the
same
office.
They
often
walked
together
to
and
from
work.
Once
they
were
walking
to
home
together
while
it
suddenly
started
to
rain.
Tom
quickly
opened
his
umbrella
and
said
proud,
“My
wife
really
has
great
foresight(先见之明).
She
said
this
morning
would
rain
and
tell
me
to
carry
my
umbrella.
”Dick
smiled
and
walked
up
to
him
under
the
protection
of
the
umbrella,
said“Mine
has
even
great
foresight.
She
didn’t
let
me
carry
one
as
she
knew
you’d
share
yours
to
me.
”
答案:
Tom
and
Dick
are
ne
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xt
door
neighbor
who
both
work
in
the
same
office.
They
neighbors
often
walked
togeth
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er
to
and
from
work.
Once
they
were
walking
to
home
together
walk
while
it
suddenly
st
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arted
to
rain.
Tom
quickly
opened
his
umbrella
and
said
proud,
when
proudly
“My
wife
really
has
g
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reat
foresight.
She
said
this
morning
∧would
rain
and
tell
it
told
me
to
carry
my
umbr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ella.
”
Dick
smiled
and
walked
up
to
him
under
the
protection
of
the
umbrella,
said
“Mine
has
even
great
foresight.
She
didn’t
let
me
carry
one
as
saying
greater
she
knew
you’d
share
yours
to
me.
”
with
1.
【解析】第一句中的neigh
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bor→neighbors。考查名词。主语Tom和Dick是两个人,
所以把neighbor改为neighbors。
2.
【解析】第二句中的walke
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d→walk。考查动词时态。根据上下文可知此处是介绍平时的情况,
用一般现在时,
把walked改为walk。
3.
【解析】第三句中去掉第一个to。考查介词用法。home是副词,
前面不能用介词to,
故把to去掉。
4.
【解析】第三句中的whil
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e→when。考查连词。该句型为“be
doing.
.
.
when.
.
.
”意思是“正在做某事,
这时……”。故把while改为when。
【补偿训练】句式翻译
①我刚发送了几封电
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子邮件,
计算机就崩溃了。(had
just
done.
.
.
when.
.
.
)
_______________________________________________________
②他刚要出门天突然开始下雨了。(be
about
to
do.
.
.
when.
.
.
)
______________________________________________________
答案：①I
had
just
sent
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
some
e-mails
when
the
computer
broke
down.
②He
was
about
to
go
out
when
it
began
to
rain.
5.
【解析】第四句中的proud→proudly。考查副词。修饰动词said应该用副词形式,
故把proud改为proudly。
6.
【解析】第五句中的在would前加it。考查代词。从句中缺少主语,
指天气,
用代词it。
7.
【解析】第五句中的tel
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l→told。考查动词时态。and连接并列成分,
根据时态一致的原则判断tell应该用过去式,
故把tell改为told。
8.
【解析】第六句中的said→s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aying。考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语短语作状语,
表示伴随,
用现在分词,
故把said改为saying。
9.
【解析】第六句中的great→greater。考查形容词比较级。even用来修饰比较级,
故把great改为greater。
10.
【解析】第七句中的to→with。考
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )查介词。固定短语:
share
sth.
with
sb.
与某人分享某物,
把to改为with。(共32张PPT)
Module
3
The
Violence
of
Nature
Introduction
&
Reading
and
Vocabulary（Ⅰ）
1.
Improve
students’
ability
in
reading
for
specific
information.
2.
Let
the
students
know
more
about
the
natural
disasters
and
pay
more
attention
to
protecting
our
environment.
Learning
aims
snowstorm
earthquake
Leading-in
flood
lightning
thunderstorm
Match
the
words
with
their
definitions:
1.a
lot
of
water
in
an
area
which
is
usually
dry
2.
a
very
strong
wind
or
storm
3.
a
lot
of
rain
falling
quickly,
with
loud
noises
and
flashes
of
light
4.
the
flash
of
light
which
happens
during
a
thunderstorm
5.
a
column
of
air
that
turns
very
quickly
flood
hurricane
lightning
thunderstorm
tornado
Canada
America
Pacific
Ocean
Atlantic
Ocean
Gulf
of
Mexico
Reading
and
Vocabulary
1
Read
about
the
Gulf
Stream
and
choose
the
best
answers:
1.
What
is
a
current
A.
A
kind
of
electricity
B.
A
movement
of
water
C.
A
kind
of
wind
2.
What
kind
of
things
flow
A.
Water
B.
Time
C.
Money
3.
If
two
places
are
on
the
same
latitude,
they
are
on
the
same
line
______.
A.
east/west
B.north/south
Match
these
words
and
expressions
with
the
definitions.
bury
disaster
feathers
fur
occur
tropical
（1）you
can
see
this
on
an
animal
_______
（2）describing
the
hottest
parts
of
the
earth,
north
and
south
of
the
equator
________
fur
tropical
3
（3）a
terrible
event
_________
（4）you
can
see
these
on
a
bird
__________
（5）to
place
in
the
ground
or
tomb
_______
（6）to
happen
________
disaster
feathers
bury
occur
Fast
Reading
1.
What
is
a
tornado
A
tornado
is
a
rotating
column
of
air
from
a
thunderstorm
to
the
ground.
2.
What
is
a
hurricane
Hurricanes
are
strong
tropical
storms.
Give
a
definition
Part
1:
What
Is
a
Tornado
Careful
Reading
Read
the
text
carefully
and
choose
the
best
answer.
1.Tornado
mostly
happens
in
_____.
A.
America
B.
Canada
C.
Ireland
D.
England
2.What
do
we
know
about
tornado
EXCEPT？
A.
It
mostly
takes
place
in
the
US
B.
The
worst
tornado
killed
6,000
people
in
an
area
where
there
were
37,000
people
C.
It
could
pick
up
cars,
trains
and
even
houses
D.
The
worst
tornado
killed
more
than
700
people
and
2,700
people
got
injured
Complete
the
sentence
and
choose
the
exact
meaning
of
the
phrase.
Tornadoes
can
_______
cars,
trains
and
even
houses
and
put
them
down
in
the
next
street
—
or
even
in
the
next
town.
A.
捡起
B.
卷起
C.
接收
D.（用车）接人
E.
无意中学会
pick
up
√
Part
2:
What
Is
a
Hurricane
Hurricanes
usually
occur
in
the
Pacific
Ocean,
the
Caribbean
Sea
and
the
Gulf
of
Mexico.
There
are
on
average
six
Atlantic
hurricanes
each
year
and
they
usually
affect
the
east
coast
of
the
US
from
Texas
to
Maine.
Hurricanes
can
cause
huge
waves,
heavy
rain
and
floods.
The
worst
hurricane
disaster
of
all
time
in
the
US
destroyed
3,000
buildings.
3,600
Southern
Atlantic
Ocean
Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE
A.
Hurricanes
only
occur
in
the
southern
Atlantic
Ocean,
the
Caribbean
Sea
and
the
Gulf
of
Mexico.
B.
There
are
six
Atlantic
hurricanes
each
year.
C.
The
worst
hurricane
affected
6,000
people
in
all.
D.
The
worst
hurricane
disaster
of
all
time
occurred
on
the
8th
September
1900
in
Galveston,
Texas.
√
Relax
for
ourselves.
An
Extraordinary
Event
An
Irish
actor,
Charles
Coghlan,
lived
in
_________;
then
he
moved
to
__________
where
he
became
famous.
By
the
late
1890s,he
had
moved
to
_________
and
died
there
in
1899,
a
year
before
the
hurricane
in
1900.
The
hurricane
destroyed
his
cemetery
and
his
coffin
________
in
the
sea.
But
eight
years
later
the
coffin
was
found
by
fishermen
in
the
sea
near
his
home
on
Prince
Edward
Island
in
the
east
of
_______
after
he
had
been
buried
in
________!
who
helped
him
The
Gulf
Stream
Canada
New
York
Galveston
ended
up
Texas
Canada
Mexico
Gulf
Stream
The
route
(路线)of
the
Gulf
Stream
The
Gulf
of
Mexico
The
definition
of
the
Gulf
Stream:
The
Gulf
Stream
is
a
warm
_______
________
which
starts
in
the
Gulf
of
_______
and
flows
northeast
across
the
_______
.It
is
one
of
the
________
currents
anywhere
in
the
world.
ocean
current
Mexico
Atlantic
strongest
How
can
we
use
the
structures
and
expressions
we
have
just
learned
to
describe
a
disaster
What
it
is/definition
What
happens
in
the
disaster
Give
an
example
How
to
describe
a
natural
disaster
Part
1:
Part
2:
Part
3:
【自我展示】
Supposing
you
are
a
news
broadcaster（新闻主播）
from
CCTV,
you
will
introduce
the
earthquake
and
the
snow
disaster
to
your
viewers(观众)
in
your
program,
please
prepare
a
passage
and
act
it
out.
You
can
begin
like
this:
Welcome
to
our
program.
I’m
…
Today
I
will
introduce
….
to
you.
…
volcanic
eruption
earthquake
snow
disaster
natural
disasters
tsunami
earthquake
For
example:
Welcome
to
our
program.
I’m
Li
Hua,
today
I
will
introduce
earthquake
to
you.
An
earthquake
occurs
when
the
tectonic(地壳构造上的)
plates
that
form
the
upper
crust
of
the
earth
collide
or
slide
against
each
other.
When
the
tectonic
plates
collide
against
each
other,
the
stress
is
released.
It
is
true
that
animals
can
sense
earthquakes
before
they
occur.
However,
the
behavior
of
animals
cannot
be
used
as
a
method
to
predict
an
occurrence
of
an
earthquake.
Union
is
strength!
What
should
we
do
in
face
of
natural
disasters
Discussion：
Class
exercises
Homework
Write
an
article
about
a
natural
disaster
according
to
the
text.
Nothing
is
difficult
to
the
man
who
will
try.
世上无难事，只要肯攀登。(共34张PPT)
Module
3 The
Violence
of
Nature
Period
3 Grammar语法专题课
过去完成时的被动语态和间接引语
Ⅰ.
过去完成时的被动语态
【课前热身】
用所给词的正确形式填空
①By
the
time
the
tornado
ended,
more
than
700
people
______________
(kill).
②Coghlan
travelled
back
to
Canada—after
he
____
___________(bury)
in
Texas.
had
been
killed
had
been
buried
③She
returned
home
and
found
all
her
furniture
____
___________
(ruin)
by
the
flood.
④When
he
woke
up,
he
found
his
house
________
_________
(destroy)
by
the
thunderstorm.
had
been
ruined
had
been
destroyed
【课堂诠解】
过去完成时的被动结构由“had
been+过去分词”构成,
表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前发生的被动的动作,
句中常用by,
before,
until,
when等词引导时间状语。
过去完成时的被动语态常用于以下情况:
1.
主句的动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时,
要用过去完成时的被动语态。常用于before,
by
the
time,
until,
when,
after,
once,
as
soon
as等引导的状语从句中谓语动词是一般过去时,
以及by,
before,
until+过去的时间点。
①By
the
end
of
last
year,
20,
000cars
____
_____
_________.
到去年年末,
(该厂)已经生产了两万辆轿车。
②The
classroom
______
_____
_______
before
the
teacher
came.
老师来之前,
教室还没有打扫。
had
been
produced
hadn’t
been
cleaned
③How
many
buildings
____
_____
_________
when
the
hurricane
ended
飓风结束时有多少建筑被毁
④All
of
the
dishes
____
_____
_______
till
then.
到那时盘子全部洗完了。
had
been
destroyed
had
been
washed
2.
在told,
said,
knew,
heard,
thought等动词之后的宾语
从句中,
若表示过去某一被动动作时,
用过去完成时。
①They
said
the
production
costs
____
_____
_______.
他们说生产成本降低了。
②I
was
told
that
the
book
____
_____
___
in
the
room.
我被告知把那本书落在那个房间里了。
had
been
reduced
had
been
left
3.
根据语意可以判断出动作先后的用过去完成时。
(用所给词的正确形式填空)
①As
the
work
_____________
(do),
he
began
to
watch
TV.
②The
girl
did
what
she
____________
(tell)
to.
had
been
done
had
been
told
Ⅱ.
间接引语
【课前热身】
将下列句子中直接引语转化为间接引语
①Tom
said,
“I
want
to
go
shopping.
”
→Tom
said
(that)
___
_______
to
go
shopping.
②The
girl
asked
me,
“Can
you
help
me
”
→The
girl
asked
me
__
_
could
help
___.
he
wanted
if
I
her
③I
asked
the
boy,
“Why
are
you
late
again
”
→I
asked
the
boy
____
he
____
late
again.
④He
said
to
me,
“Shut
the
window,
please.
”
→He
told
me
__
____
the
window.
why
was
to
shut
【课堂诠解】
直接引述别人的原话,
叫做直接引语。用自己的话转述别人的话,
叫做间接引语。将直接引语改为间接引语时,
人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语作相应的变化。
1.
直接引语是陈述句,
变为间接引语时由连词that引
导。
①He
said,
“I
like
it
very
much.
”
→He
said
____
___
_____
__
very
much.
他说他非常喜欢它。
②He
said,
“You
told
me
this
story.
”
→He
said
that
_
____
____
____
that
story.
他说我给他讲过那个故事。
that
he
liked
it
I
had
told
him
【名师指津】
口语中that可以省略;
that从句之前常用say,
tell等动
词。
2.
直接引语是一般疑问句,
变为间接引语时变成
if/whether引导的宾语从句。
①He
said,
“Can
you
swim,
John
”
→He
asked
John
_________
he
could
swim.
他问约翰是否会游泳。
if/whether
②I
asked
him,
“Will
you
stay
at
home
or
go
to
see
a
film
tonight
”
→I
asked
him
________
he
would
stay
at
home
__
go
to
see
a
film
that
night.
我问他那天晚上他是待在家里还是去看电影。
whether
or
【名师指津】
大多数情况下if和whether引导宾语从句时可以互换,
但后紧跟or
not时,
一般用whether。
3.
直接引语是特殊疑问句,
变为间接引语时特殊疑问句变为由who,
what,
when,
where,
why,
how等疑问词引导的宾语从句(但注意从句须是陈述语序)。
①He
said,
“Where
is
Mr
Wang
”
→He
asked
______
___
______
____.
他问王先生在哪里。
where
Mr
Wang
was
②He
asked,
“How
did
you
find
it,
mother
”
→He
asked
his
mother
____
___
____
______it.
他问他妈妈是怎么找到它的。
how
she
had
found
4.
直接引语是祈使句,
变为“主语+ask/order/tell/beg等+宾语+宾语补足语(动词不定式)”这一句型。
①The
teacher
said,
“Listen
to
me
carefully.
”
→The
teacher
____
us
__
listen
to
her
carefully.
老师告诉我们认真听她讲。
told
to
②“Don’t
touch
anything
in
the
lab.
”the
teacher
said
to
us.
→The
teacher
____
us
___
__
touch
anything
in
the
lab.
老师告诉我们不要动实验室里的任何东西。
told
not
to
【巧学助记】人称的变化
一随主,
二随宾,
第三人称不更新。
即直接引语的第一人称取决于主句的主语,
第二人称取决于主句的宾语,
第三人称一般不变。
He
said,
“I’m
forty.
”
→He
said
that
he
was
forty.
(一随主)
She
said
to
me,
“Your
pronunciation
is
better
than
mine.
”
→She
told
me
that
my
pronunciation
was
better
than
hers.
(二随宾)
They
said,
“Is
everything
OK
”
→They
asked
if
everything
was
OK.
(第三人称不更新)
5.
直接引语变间接引语时,
如果谓语动词是过去式,
时态的变化如下:
直接引语的时态
间接引语的时态
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
一般将来时
过去将来时
一般过去时
过去完成时
现在完成时
过去完成时
过去完成时
过去完成时
注意:
情态动词也作相应改变:
can→could;
may→might;
must→must/had
to
①He
said,
“I
usually
watch
TV
on
Sunday.
”
→He
said
that
he
usually
________
TV
on
Sunday.
②He
said,
“I’m
using
the
knife.
”
→He
said
that
he
____
_____
the
knife.
watched
was
using
③He
said,
“I’ll
give
you
an
examination
next
Monday.
”
→He
told
us
that
he
______
____
us
an
examination
the
next
Monday.
④He
said,
“I
came
to
help
you.
”
→He
said
that
___
____
_____
to
help
me.
⑤She
said,
“I
have
not
heard
from
him
since
May.
”
→She
said
that
she
____
___
______
from
him
since
May.
would
give
he
had
come
had
not
heard
⑥He
said,
“I
had
finished
my
homework
before
supper.
”
→He
said
that
he
____
_______
his
homework
before
supper.
⑦He
said,
“I
went
to
college
in1994.
”
→He
told
us
that
he
_____
to
college
in1994.
had
finished
went
⑧Our
teacher
said
to
us,
“Light
travels
faster
than
sound.
”
→Our
teacher
told
us
that
light
______
faster
than
sound.
travels
【名师指津】
(1)直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等,
主句尽管是过去时态,
变成间接引语时,
时态仍然用一般现在时态。
(2)直接引语变间接引语时,
指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等要作相应的变化。但是,
如果转述时对话人双方就在原来的地方,
或在说话的当天,
就不必改变相应的时间状语、地点状语等。总之,
对这些变化不能机械理解,
应根据实际情况来决定所作的变化。
(3)间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序,
即主、谓、宾的顺序。
【课堂小结】
1.
过去完成时的被动语态由“助动词had+been+过去分词”构成。表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的被动动作。可根据时间状语、语意或过去时动词后跟宾语从句三种情况进行判断。
2.
直接引语变间接引语就是用自己的话转述别人的话的过程。通常涉及连词、时态、人称、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、方向性动词的变化。
3.
变间接引语时,
还要注意特殊情况:
疑问句应使用陈述语序、客观事实或真理应使用一般现在时等。(共25张PPT)
Module
3 The
Violence
of
Nature
Period
1 Introduction
&
Reading
and
Vocabulary文本研读课
Ⅰ.
根据汉语提示及课文语境写出正确的单词
1.
The
worst
_________(飓风)
_______(灾害)of
all
time
occurred
on
the8th
September1900in
Galveston,
Texas.
2.
There
are
______(猛烈的)winds
of120kilometres
per
hour
or
more,
which
_____(引起)huge
waves,
heavy
rain
and
floods.
hurricane
disaster
violent
cause
3.
A
tornado
is
a
_______(旋转的)column
of
air
from
a
____________(雷暴)to
the
ground.
4.
It
is
one
of
the
strongest
________(海流)anywhere
in
the
world.
5.
What
can
happen
to
________(家具)when
a
house
is
destroyed
by
a
_______(龙卷风)
6.
Have
you
ever
___________(经历)a
_____(洪水)
rotating
thunderstorm
currents
furniture
tornado
experienced
flood
Ⅱ.
匹配词义
1.
find
out
A.
参考;
提及
2.
refer
to
B.
弄明白
3.
because
of
C.
在同一纬度
4.
on
the
same
latitude
D.
因为
5.
of
all
time
E.
卷起;
掀起
6.
pick
up
F.
有史以来
7.
take
off
G.
平均起来
8.
on
average
H.
去掉;
起飞
9.
by
the
time
I.
到19世纪90年代后期
10.
by
the
late
1890s
J.
到……为止
答案:
1～5.
BADCF 6～10.
EHGJI
Ⅲ.
阅读导引
1.
查阅有关资料,
了解龙卷风、飓风及异常天气的形成原因及给人类造成的影响。
2.
找出对龙卷风、飓风及异常事件描述的句子。
Step1 Leading
in
There
are
some
words
about
natural
disasters.
Match
the
words
with
the
pictures:
flood;
drought;
thunderstorm;
hurricane;
tornado;
earthquake.
earthquake
flood
hurricane
thunderstorm
tornado
drought
Step2 Fast
Reading
Ⅰ.
Think
it
over
and
summarize
the
general
idea
of
the
passage.
The
passage
mainly
tells
us
some
knowledge
_____
_______________________________________________.
about
tornadoes
and
hurricanes,
and
an
extraordinary
event
Ⅱ.
Read
the
passage
quickly
and
answer
the
following
questions.
1.
What
is
a
tornado
_______________________________________
________________________.
2.
What
is
a
hurricane
_________________________________
A
tornado
is
a
rotating
column
of
air
from
a
thunderstorm
to
the
ground
A
hurricane
is
a
strong
tropical
storm.
3.
What
happens
during
a
hurricane
_______________________________________
There
are
huge
waves,
heavy
rain
and
floods.
Step3 Careful
Reading
Ⅰ.
Choose
the
best
answers
according
to
the
passage.
1.
The
most
violent
tornadoes
have
winds
of
more
than
.
A.
400
kilometres
per
hour
B.
120
kilometres
per
hour
C.
200
kilometres
per
hour
D.
800
kilometres
per
hour
2.
All
the
tornadoes
cause each
year
on
average.
A.
about
700
deaths
and
2,
700
injuries
B.
about
80
deaths
and
1,
500
injuries
C.
6,
000
deaths
and
37,
000
injuries
D.
70
deaths
and
800
injuries
3.
A
strong
hurricane
causes .
A.
huge
waves,
soft
rain
and
snow
B.
strong
wind,
heavy
snow
and
floods
C.
huge
waves,
heavy
rain
and
floods
D.
earthquakes,
thunderstorms
and
snow
4.
What
is
the
cause
of
these
natural
disasters
A.
The
different
atmospheric
pressure
between
two
areas.
B.
The
changeable
weather
in
these
areas.
C.
The
destruction
of
nature
by
human
beings.
D.
Not
mentioned
in
the
passage.
Ⅱ.
Sentence
explanation.
By
the
late1890s,
he
had
moved
to
Galveston,
where
he
died
in1899,
a
year
before
the
hurricane
struck.
分析:
句中where
he
died
in
1899是定语从句,
修饰
_________;
______是同位语;
__________________
______是时间状语从句。
句意:
______________________________________
__________________________________________
Galveston
a
year
before
the
hurricane
struck
19世纪90年代后期,
他迁居加尔维斯顿直到
1899年在那里去世,
也就是飓风袭击的前一年。
Read
the
passage
and
fill
in
the
blanks.
Types
of
writing
Parts1and2:
An
exposition(说明);
Part3:
A
narration(叙述).
Summary
of
Part1
A1.
_______
is
a
rotating
column
of
air
from
a2.
____________
to
the
ground.
Summary
of
Part2
3.
__________
arestrong4.
_______
storms,
and
they
usually5.
_____
in
the
southern
Atlantic
Ocean,
the
Caribbean
Sea
and
the
Gulf
of
Mexico.
tornado
thunderstorm
Hurricanes
tropical
occur
Summary
of
Part
3
This
is
a
6.
_____
about
the
1900
Galveston
hurricane.
story
Step4 Retelling
Fill
in
the
blanks
according
to
the
passage.
A1.
_______
is
a
rotating
column
of
air
from
a
2.
____________
to
the
ground.
On
(the)
average,
there
are
3.
____
tornadoes
in
the
US
each
year,
causing
about
80
4.
______
and
1,
500
5.
_______.
The
worst
6.
________
in1925,
affecting
three
US
states
and
making
700
dead/
killed
and
2,
700
injured.
tornado
thunderstorm
800
deaths
injuries
occurred
By
the
late1890s,
Charles
Coghlan
had
moved
to
Galveston,
7.
______
he
died
in1899,
a
year
before
the
hurricane8.
______.
The
cemetery
where
Coghlan
was
buried
was9.
_________
by
the
hurricane
and
Coghlan’s
coffin10.
______
up
in
the
sea.
where
struck
destroyed
ended
Step5 Group
Discussion
What
should
you
do
if
you’re
in
school
when
an
earthquake
strikes
suddenly
(List
at
least
3
ways.
)
_____________________________________________
__________________________________
1.
Take
cover
by
getting
under
a
study
table,
or
hide
myself
inside
the
corner
of
the
building.
_______________________________________________
______________________
_____________________________________________
_________
________________________
2.
Cover
my
face
and
head
with
my
arms
(if
there
isn’t
a
table
or
desk
near
me).
3.
Stay
away
from
glass,
windows,
and
anything
that
could
fall.
4.
Lie
down
if
I’m
outdoors.Module
3
Violence
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Nature
Period
1
Introduction
Reading
and
Vocabulary
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
(2016·北京高考)
Surviving
Hurricane
Sandy(飓风桑迪)
Natalie
Doan,
14,
has
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
always
felt
lucky
to
live
in
Rockaway,
New
York.
Living
just
a
few
blocks
from
the
beach,
Natalie
can
see
the
ocean
and
hear
the
waves
from
her
house.
“It’s
the
ocean
that
makes
Rockaway
so
special,
”she
says.
On
October
29,
2012,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that
ocean
turned
fierce.
That
night,
Hurricane
Sandy
attacked
the
East
Coast,
and
Rockaway
was
hit
especially
hard.
Fortunately,
Natalie’s
family
escaped
to
Brooklyn
shortly
before
the
city’s
bridges
closed.
When
they
ret
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )urned
to
Rockaway
the
next
day,
they
found
their
neighborhood
in
ruins.
Many
of
Natalie’s
friends
had
lost
their
homes
and
were
living
far
away.
All
around
her,
people
were
suffering,
especially
the
elderly.
Natalie’s
school
was
so
damaged
that
she
had
to
temporarily
attend
a
school
in
Brooklyn.
In
the
following
fe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w
days,
the
men
and
women
helping
Rockaway
recover
inspired
Natalie.
Volunteers
came
with
carloads
of
donated
clothing
and
toys.
Neighbors
devoted
their
spare
time
to
helping
others
rebuild.
Teenagers
climbed
dozens
of
flights
of
stairs
to
deliver
water
and
food
to
elderly
people
trapped
in
powerless
high-rise
buildings.
“My
mom
tells
me
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that
I
can’t
control
what
happens
to
me,
”Natalie
says,
“but
I
can
always
choose
how
I
deal
with
it.
”
Natalie’s
choice
was
to
help.
She
created
a
web
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )site
page,
matching
survivors
in
need
with
donors
who
wanted
to
help.
Natalie
posted
information
about
a
boy
named
Patrick,
who
lost
his
baseball
card
collection
when
his
house
burned
down.
Within
days,
Patrick’s
collection
was
replaced.
In
the
coming
months,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her
website
page
helped
lots
of
kids:
Christopher,
who
received
a
new
basketball;
Charlie,
who
got
a
new
keyboard.
Natalie
also
worked
with
other
organizations
to
bring
much-needed
supplies
to
Rockaway.
Her
efforts
made
her
a
famous
person.
Last
April,
she
was
invited
to
the
White
House
and
honored
as
a
Hurricane
Sandy
Champion
of
Change.
Today,
the
sc
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ars(创痕)of
destruction
are
still
seen
in
Rockaway,
but
hope
is
in
the
air.
The
streets
are
clear,
and
many
homes
have
been
rebuilt.
“I
can’t
imagine
living
anywhere
but
Rockaway,
”Natalie
declares.
“My
neighborhood
will
be
back,
even
stronger
than
before.
”
【语篇概述】本文是一篇记
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )叙文。Natalie的家乡Rockaway遭到飓风桑迪的袭击,
受灾严重。看到人们帮助家乡重建,
Natalie也积极参与,
创建了一个网站分享求助信息,
她的行为得到了社会的认可和赞扬。
1.
When
Natalie
ret
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )urned
to
Rockaway
after
the
hurricane,
she
found .
A.
some
friends
had
lost
their
lives
B.
her
neighborhood
was
destroyed
C.
her
school
had
moved
to
Brooklyn
D.
the
elderly
were
free
from
suffering
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句子Many
of
Natalie’s
friends
had
lost
their
homes
and
were
living
far
away.
可知,
A项错误;
根据“Natalie’s
school
was
so
damaged
that
she
had
to
temporarily
attend
a
school
in
Brooklyn”可知,
学校没有搬走,
她只是暂时去Brooklyn上学,
C项错误;
根据“people
were
suffering,
especially
the
elderly”可知,
D项错误;
根据“When
they
returned
to
Rockaway
the
next
day,
they
found
their
neighborhood
in
ruins.
”可知,
他们的街区被飓风毁了,
故选B。
2.
According
to
Paragraph
4,
who
inspired
Natalie
most
A.
The
people
helping
Rockaway
rebuild.
B.
The
people
trapped
in
high-rise
buildings.
C.
The
volunteers
donating
money
to
survivors.
D.
Local
teenagers
bringing
clothing
to
elderly
people.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段的句子In
the
following
few
days,
the
men
and
women
helping
Rockaway
recover
inspired
Natalie.
可知,
是那些帮助Rockaway重建的人给了Natalie最大的鼓舞。
3.
How
did
Natalie
help
the
survivors
A.
She
gave
her
toys
to
other
kids.
B.
She
took
care
of
younger
children.
C.
She
called
on
the
White
House
to
help.
D.
She
built
an
information
sharing
platform.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第三段
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的句子She
created
a
website
page,
matching
survivors
in
need
with
donors
who
wanted
to
help.
可知,
Natalie创办了一个网站与公众分享信息,
以帮助那些需要帮助的人,
故选择D项。
4.
What
does
the
story
intend
to
tell
us
A.
Little
people
can
make
a
big
difference.
B.
A
friend
in
need
is
a
friend
indeed.
C.
East
or
West,
home
is
best.
D.
Technology
is
power.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句可知,
Natalie的助人行为得到了社会的认可和赞扬,
说明小人物也可以有大作为。
B
The
year
is
2094
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).
It
has
been
announced
that
a
comet(彗星)is
heading
towards
the
Earth.
Most
of
it
will
miss
our
planet,
but
two
pieces
will
probably
hit
the
southern
half
of
the
Earth.
On
17
July,
a
pie
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce
of
four
kilometers
wide
comet
enters
the
Earth’s
atmosphere
with
a
massive
explosion.
About
half
of
the
piece
is
destroyed,
but
the
remaining
part
hits
the
South
Atlantic
at
200
times
the
speed
of
sound.
The
sea
boils
and
a
huge
hole
is
made
in
the
seabed.
Huge
waves
are
created
and
spread
outwards
from
the
hole.
The
wall
of
water,
a
kilometer
high,
rushes
towards
southern
Africa
at
800
kilometers
an
hour.
Cities
on
the
African
coast
are
totally
destroyed
and
millions
of
people
are
drowned.
Before
the
wa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ves
reach
South
America,
the
second
piece
of
the
comet
lands
in
Argentina.
Earthquakes
and
volcanoes
are
set
off
in
the
Andes
Mountains.
The
shock
waves
move
north
into
California
and
all
around
the
Pacific
Ocean.
The
cities
of
Los
Angeles,
San
Francisco
and
Tokyo
are
completely
destroyed
by
earthquakes.
Millions
of
people
in
the
southern
half
of
the
Earth
are
already
dead,
and
the
north
won’t
escape
for
long.
Because
of
the
explosions,
the
sun
is
hidden
by
clouds
of
dust,
temperatures
around
the
world
fall
to
almost
zero.
Crops
are
ruined.
The
sun
won’t
be
seen
again
for
many
years.
Wars
break
out
as
countries
fight
for
food.
A
year
later,
no
more
than
10
million
people
remain
alive.
Could
it
really
h
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )appen
In
fact,
it
has
already
happened
more
than
once
in
the
history
of
the
Earth.
The
dinosaurs
were
on
the
Earth
for
over
160
million
years.
Then
65
million
years
ago
they
suddenly
disappeared.
Many
scientists
believe
that
the
Earth
was
hit
by
a
piece
of
object
in
space.
The
dinosaurs
couldn’t
live
through
the
cold
climate
that
followed
and
they
died
out.
Will
we
meet
the
same
end
【语篇概述】文章描述了人类在2094年可能会遭遇的灾难。
5.
What
is
mainly
described
in
the
passage
A.
A
historic
discovery.
B.
An
event
of
imagination.
C.
A
research
on
space.
D.
A
scientific
adventure.
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章描述了人类在2094年可能会遭遇的灾难。当然这些事情只是一种想象而已。
6.
When
the
first
piece
hits
the
South
Atlantic,
it
causes .
A.
an
earthquake
B.
damages
to
cities
C.
an
Earth
explosion
D.
huge
waves
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第二段第四句可知。
7.
Why
can’t
the
northern
half
of
the
Earth
escape
for
long
A.
Because
the
land
is
covered
with
water.
B.
Because
the
light
and
heat
from
the
sun
can
not
reach
the
Earth.
C.
Because
people
there
can
not
live
at
the
temperature
of
zero.
D.
Because
wars
break
out
among
countries.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第三段第六句可知答案。
8.
By
giving
the
example
of
dinosaurs,
the
author
tries
to
prove .
A.
animals
could
not
live
in
the
cold
climate
B.
what
happened
65
million
years
ago
was
an
invented
story
C.
the
human
beings
will
die
out
in
2094
D.
the
Earth
could
be
hit
by
other
objects
in
space
【解析】选D。细节理解题。答案在文章最后一段,
作者举恐龙这一例子是为了说明地球很有可能再次遭遇袭击。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
根据短文内容,
从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Americans
use
many
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )expressions
with
the
word“dog”.
People
in
the
United
States
love
their
dogs
and
treat
them
well.
1.
________
However,
dogs
without
owners
to
care
for
them
lead
a
different
kind
of
life.
The
expression,
to
lead
a
dog’s
life,
describes
a
person
who
has
an
unhappy
existence.
Some
people
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )say
we
live
in
a
dog-eat-dog
world.
2.
________
They
say
that
to
be
successful,
a
person
has
to
work
like
a
dog.
This
means
they
have
to
work
very,
very
hard.
Such
hard
work
can
make
people
dog-tired.
And,
the
situation
would
be
even
worse
if
they
became
sick
as
a
dog.
3.
________
This
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )means
that
every
person
enjoys
a
successful
period
during
his
or
her
life.
To
be
successful,
people
often
have
to
learn
new
skills.
Yet,
some
people
say
that
you
can
never
teach
an
old
dog
new
tricks.
They
believe
that
older
people
do
not
like
to
learn
new
things
and
will
not
change
the
way
they
do
things.
4.
________
Peopl
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
who
are
unkind
or
uncaring
can
be
described
as
meaner
than
a
junkyard
dog.
Junkyard
dogs
live
in
places
where
people
throw
away
things
they
do
not
want.
Mean
dogs
are
often
used
to
guard
this
property.
They
bark
or
attack
people
who
try
to
enter
the
property.
However,
sometimes
a
person
who
appears
to
be
mean
and
threatening
is
really
not
so
bad.
We
say
his
bark
is
worse
than
his
bite.
Dog
expressions
ar
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
also
used
to
describe
the
weather.
The
dog
days
of
summer
are
the
hottest
days
of
the
year.
A
rainstorm
may
cool
the
weather.
But
we
do
not
want
it
to
rain
too
hard.
5.
A.
Still,
people
say
every
dog
has
its
day.
B.
We
do
not
want
it
to
rain
cats
and
dogs.
C.
Some
people
are
compared
to
dogs
in
bad
ways.
D.
Dogs
are
their
best
friends
and
they
are
loyal
to
people.
E.
There
are
many
other
expressions
waiting
for
you
to
explore.
F.
That
means
many
peo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ple
are
competing
for
the
same
things,
like
good
jobs.
G.
They
take
their
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
dogs
for
walks,
let
them
play
outside
and
give
them
good
food
and
medical
care.
【语篇概述】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了英语中一些与dog相关的俗语。
1.
【解析】G。根据空格前一句内容可
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )知,
美国人喜爱而且善待狗,
故选G项,
即举例说明美国人的待狗之道。此题易错选D项。狗的忠诚与上下文毫无关系。
2.
【解析】F。根据篇章结构,
每提出一个新的俗语,
下文便有文字对前面的俗语进行解释。故此处选用作解释的内容最为合适。故选F项。
3.
【解析】A。空格后的内容正是对选项的解释,
故选A项。
4.
【解析】C。根据空格后一句,
那些
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )不友好、不关心他人的人通常被描述成meaner
than
a
junkyard
dog可知,
本段应该是用dog的短语来比喻不好的人。故选C项。
5.
【解析】B。根据空格前提到的rain可知,
只有B项与此有关。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )归纳文章主旨大意的技巧
归纳文章主旨大意是考查考生对文
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )章的主题、中心思想的理解程度及辨别主要信息和次要信息的能力。要十分留意文章的开头和结尾,
要抓住文中具有概括性的信息,
再从选择项中找出最符合表达主题思想的选项。做题时,
可以快速阅读文章找出各个段落的主题句,
然后把各个段落的主题句联系起来,
就能概括出文章的中心,
抓住文章的主题。不要为局部现象迷惑,
而忽略了文章的整体思想。
阅读理解
A
An
Announcement
It
was
a
small
tow
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
which
lay
by
the
coast.
Most
people
there
lived
by
catching
fish.
The
hurricanes
often
struck
the
area
from
July
to
October.
Some
of
the
people
died
on
the
sea
when
their
boats
were
blown
over
by
the
heavy
winds.
So
they
paid
much
attention
to
the
weather
forecast(天气预报).
They
were
afraid
to
meet
with
the
hurricanes
when
they
were
catching
fish
on
the
sea.
Each
of
the
families
had
a
radio
and
people
always
took
them
with
themselves
and
listened
to
them
at
any
time.
It
was
September.
A
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
hurricane
attacked
the
town
one
night.
Plenty
of
trees
were
pushed
over
and
all
the
electric
and
telephone
lines
were
broken.
People
couldn’t
watch
TV,
or
call
their
friends,
or
go
to
work.
To
their
anger,
they
couldn’t
listen
to
the
weather
forecast
the
Town
Radio
Station
broadcast.
The
food
and
fresh
water
would
soon
be
short
and
the
patients
couldn’t
be
given
medical
care—no
medicine
could
be
carried
there.
People
didn’t
know
what
would
happen
and
they
looked
anxious.
On
the
fourth
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )day
they
read
an
announcement(通告)on
the
Town
Weekly.
It
was
written,
“Recently
we
have
to
stop
the
weather
forecast
because
of
the
bad
weather.
We
usually
get
the
forecast
from
the
airport.
But
the
roads
are
all
blocked
by
the
fallen
trees
and
stones.
Whether
or
not
we’ll
be
able
to
broadcast
the
weather
forecast
tomorrow
depends
on
the
weather!
”
【语篇概述】本文是一则通告,
说明一个小镇发生飓风的一些情况。
1.
The
people
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
in
the
town
often
took
radios
with
themselves
because .
A.
they
felt
lonely
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hen
catching
fish
on
the
sea
and
listened
to
the
weather
forecast
B.
they
were
interested
in
the
weather
forecast
C.
they
couldn’t
watch
TV
on
the
sea
D.
they
hoped
to
listen
to
some
good
news
【解析】选B。推理判断题。文章介绍这个城镇中的居民多数是渔民,
所以他们非常关心天气情况,
经常随身携带收音机以了解天气情况。
2.
The
writer
wrote
the
passage
mainly
to .
A.
describe
the
people’s
normal
life
there
B.
give
a
news
report
C.
describe
a
bad
effect
of
natural
disasters
D.
warn
people
to
be
careful
against
hurricane
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。作者通篇都是在讲一个城镇居民打渔与天气的密切关系,
以及一场飓风给他们带来的危险。
3.
Reading
the
announcement,
the
people
were .
A.
encouraged
B.
happy
C.
excited
D.
disappointed
【解析】选D。推理判断题。当居民知道由于天气不能再收听天气预报时当然会感到失望的。
B
We
often
hear
the
sayi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng,
“You’ve
a
greater
chance
of
being
struck
by
lightning
than.
.
.
”It
is
used
to
describe
something
that
hasn’t
got
much
chance
of
happening.
However,
this
common
saying
undermines(削弱)the
very
real
danger
of
lightning.
Last
Friday,
at
least
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )five
people
were
killed
by
lightning
in
Nepal.
Lightning
strikes
are
the
second
most
common
cause
of
deaths
among
natural
disasters
in
the
US.
The
first
is
floods.
Around
400
people
nationwide
are
struck
by
lightning
each
year,
and
of
those,
about
73
people
die.
More
people
are
killed
by
lightning
than
by
tornadoes
and
hurricanes.
Because
lightn
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing
kills
only
one
or
two
people
at
a
time,
its
danger
does
not
receive
as
much
attention
as
other
disasters.
To
raise
awarene
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ss(意识)of
the
damage
of
lightning
the
US
has
made
June
22～28
National
Lightning
Safety
Week;
it
aims
to
warn
the
public
of
the
danger
of
lightning
and
provide
safety
tips
about
what
to
do
during
thunderstorms.
“If
you
can
hear
thun
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )der(雷),
you
are
in
danger
of
being
struck
by
lightning,
”said
Rocky
Lopes,
a
disaster
educator
at
the
American
Red
Cross.
“Thunder
means
that
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
lightning
is
close
enough
to
hit
you
at
any
minute,
so
you
should
move
indoors
immediately
and
stay
there
until
the
storm
has
ended.
The
single
most
important
thing
to
remember
is
to
find
a
hiding
place,
”Lopes
said.
Summer
is
the
tim
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
for
most
lightning
storms,
so
when
lightning
strikes
across
the
sky,
remember
these
safety
tips:
stop
working,
fishing,
swimming
or
playing
in
an
open
area.
If
you
count
les
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
than
ten
seconds
between
the
thunder
and
the
lightning
flash,
take
cover
inside
the
nearest
building.
If
that
is
not
possible,
follow
these
instructions.
Do
not
stand
under
a
tree.
Do
not
use
a
mobile
phone.
Get
off
bicycles
or
motorcycles.
Crouch(蹲下)down
if
there
is
no
hiding
place.
【语篇概述】本文就怎样避免雷击给出了一些建议。
4.
The
popular
opinion
about
being
struck
by
lightning
is
that .
A.
there
is
a
great
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er
chance
of
being
killed
by
lightning
than
by
any
other
natural
disaster
B.
it
is
the
most
dangerous
among
all
the
natural
disasters
C.
the
chance
that
a
person
to
be
struck
by
lightning
is
very
small
D.
it
is
impossible
for
people
to
be
killed
by
lightning
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第一段
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中第二句可知。“hasn’t
got
much
chance
of
happening”和“the
chance
is
very
small”的意思一致,
意为可能性很小。
5.
On
average,
abo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut of
people
struck
by
lightning
die
as
a
result.
A.
18.
25%
B.
50%
C.
30%
D.
73%
【解析】选A。数字计算题。由第二段中提供的信息可推算73÷400×100%=
18.
25%。
6.
Among
all
the
sa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fety
tips,
the
most
important
one
is
that
when
you
are
outside
and
hear
thunder
you
should .
A.
stand
beside
your
bicycle
or
motorcycle
B.
quickly
find
a
place
to
hide
C.
count
ten
seconds
between
the
thunder
and
the
lightning
D.
not
use
a
hair
drier
【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第六段第一句的后半句可知。
7.
During
thunderstorms,
you
should
not .
A.
enter
a
place
to
hide
B.
turn
off
the
TV
C.
close
your
window
D.
use
your
mobile
phone
【解析】选D。细节理解题。从文章中的“Do
not
use
a
mobile
phone.
”可知。Module
3
Violence
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Nature
Period
1
Introduction
Reading
and
Vocabulary
课堂10分钟达标
Forces
othe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r
than
damaging
winds
are
also
at
work
inside
tornadoes.
Sometimes,
as
the
wind
passes
a
house,
the
walls
and
ceiling
burst
apart
as
if
a
bomb
had
gone
off
inside.
This
explosion(爆炸)is
caused
by
the
low
air
pressure(压力)at
the
center
of
a
tornado.
The
pressure
at
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
center
of
a
tornado
is
usually
13
pounds
per
square
inch.
However,
inside
the
house
the
air
pressure
is
normal,
about
15
pounds
per
square
inch.
The
difference
of
2
pounds
per
square
inch
between
the
inside
and
outside
pressure
may
not
seem
like
much.
But
suppose
a
tornado
passes
over
a
small
building
that
measures
20
by
10
by
10
feet.
On
each
square
inch
of
the
building,
there
is
2
pounds
of
pressure
from
the
inside
that
is
not
balanced
by
air
pressure
outside
the
building.
On
the
ceiling,
that
adds
up
to
an
unbalanced
pressure
of
57,
600
pounds.
The
pressure
of
the
four
walls
adds
up
to172,
800
pounds.
If
windows
are
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
open
in
the
building,
some
of
the
inside
air
will
rush
out
through
them.
This
will
balance
the
pressure
inside
and
outside
the
building.
But
if
the
windows
are
shut
tightly,
the
huge
inside
pressure
may
cause
the
building
to
burst.
Unfortunately,
heavy
r
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ain
often
occurs
in
the
storms
that
later
produce
tornadoes,
so
people
often
shut
their
windows.
This
may
cause
far
worse
damage
later.
【语篇概述】本文主要讲述龙卷风除了具有破坏力极大的风之外,
多种力也作用于其内部。
Ⅰ.
Skim
the
passage
and
tell
us
the
main
idea.
The
passage
mainly
tells
us
_________________________.
答案：the
damage
when
a
tornado
occurs
Ⅱ.
Read
the
passage
again
and
choose
the
best
answers.
1.
What
did
the
paragraph
before
this
passage
most
probably
discuss
A.
Measuring
rainfall
from
a
storm.
B.
The
powerful
winds
of
tornadoes.
C.
The
kinds
of
damage
caused
by
explosions.
D.
Repairing
the
damage
from
tornadoes.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。文章一开始就谈到
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )龙卷风发生时,
内部的低压引起的“爆炸”会造成墙倒屋塌。在此之前很可能谈论的是“爆炸”所引起的各种破坏程度。
2.
Which
of
the
following
is
the
main
topic
of
the
passage
A.
How
tornadoes
can
be
prevented.
B.
When
tornadoes
usually
occur.
C.
Where
tornadoes
are
formed.
D.
Why
tornadoes
cause
so
much
damage.
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。文章主要是围绕龙卷风造成破坏的原因来展开的。
3.
What
is
the
differe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nce
per
square
inch
between
the
air
pressure
inside
a
building
and
the
air
pressure
inside
a
tornado
A.
2
pounds.
B.
10
pounds.
C.
13
pounds.
D.
15
pounds.
【解析】选A。数字计算题。根据
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第二段内容及该段第三句“The
difference
of
2
pounds
per
square
inch
between
the
inside
and
outside
pressure
may
not
seem
like
much.
”可知建筑物每平方英寸的气压之差是2磅。
4.
Why
do
people
shut
windows
when
tornadoes
occur
A.
Because
the
wind
is
strong.
B.
Because
there
is
heavy
rain.
C.
Because
the
weather
is
foggy.
D.
Because
the
weather
is
cold.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知答案。(共111张PPT)
Module
3 The
Violence
of
Nature
Introduction
&
Reading
and
Vocabulary
Ⅰ.
词义匹配
1.
lightning
A.
one
of
the
light
soft
things
that
cover
a
bird’s
body
2.
feather
B.
a
powerful
flash
of
light
in
the
sky
caused
by
electricity
and
usually
followed
by
thunder
3.
wave
C.
a
long
box
in
which
a
dead
person
is
buried
4.
coffin
D.
a
line
of
water
that
rises
up
on
the
surface
of
an
ocean,
a
lake,
or
a
river
5.
column
E.
something
that
has
a
tall
narrow
shape
6.
fur
F.
the
thick
soft
hair
that
covers
the
bodies
of
some
animals,
such
as
cats,
dogs,
and
rabbits
答案:
1~6.
BADCEF
Ⅱ.
写出黑体单词在句中的含义
1.
Many
people
had
lost
all
in
the
disaster.
(
)
2.
Smoking
can
cause
lung
cancer.
(
)
3.
She
was
struck
dead
by
lightning.
(
)
4.
A
touring
ship
sank
in
a
violent
storm
in
Changjiang
river.
(
)
5.
People
in
Syria
is
experiencing
sufferings.
(
)
灾难
引起
袭击
强烈的
经历
6.
We
buried
the
general
with
full
military
honors.
(
)
7.
When
did
the
accident
occur？(
)
8.
Many
houses
were
destroyed
by
the
flood.
(
)
埋葬
发生
洪水
Ⅲ.
根据语境猜测黑体短语的含义
1.
Many
houses
have
been
down
to
the
ground
because
of
a
recent
violent
earthquake.
(
)
2.
Do
you
believe
that
tornadoes
can
pick
up
cars,
trains
and
even
houses
into
the
air (
)
3.
He
took
the
feathers
off
the
chicken
and
cut
it
into
pieces.
(
)
由于，因为
卷起，掀起
去掉
4.
How
much
do
you
earn
a
month
on
average (
)
5.
We
agreed
to
have
a
big
dinner
together,
and
somehow
they
ended
up
at
my
house.
(
)
平均
结果为……，以……结束
Ⅳ.
根据语境及汉语提示写出相应的短语
1.
Please
tell
me
who
your
words
_______(指的是,
涉及,
有关).
2.
Would
you
go
and
_______(调查清楚,
弄明白)when
the
train
for
Jinan
leaves
this
afternoon
3.
What
is
the
worst
disaster
_________(有史以来)in
your
opinion
4.
__________(到……时候为止)he
was
ten,
he
had
already
learned
about
7
kinds
of
languages.
refer
to
find
out
of
all
time
By
the
time
Ⅰ.
速读文章判断正误(T/F)
1.
All
tornadoes
have
winds
of
more
than
400
kilometres
per
hour.
( )
2.
There
are
more
tornadoes
occurring
in
the
US
than
in
other
parts
of
the
world.
( )
3.
Tornadoes
can’t
destroy
furniture
because
they
are
not
violent
enough.
( )
4.
In
the
US,
there
are
usually
about
80
people
killed
in
tornadoes
every
year.
( )
5.
The
worst
tornado
in
history
killed
at
least
700
people
in
the
US.
( )
6.
Every
year
there
are
six
Atlantic
hurricanes.
( )
7.
Both
the
worst
tornado
and
the
worst
hurricane
occurred
in
the
US.
( )
8.
The
worst
hurricane
of
all
time
killed
about
one
sixth
of
the
population
in
the
US.
( )
9.
Charles
Coghlan
didn’t
become
famous
until
he
moved
to
New
York.
( )
10.
Coghlan’s
coffin
was
destroyed
by
the
1900
Galveston
hurricane.
( )
答案:
1~5.
FTFFT 6~10.
FTFTF
Ⅱ.
细读文章选择最佳答案
1.
In
1925
the
worst
tornado
of
all
time
affected
the
following
US
states
EXCEPT________
.
A.
Texas
B.
Missouri
C.
Illinois
D.
Indiana
2.
On
average,
tornadoes
cause
about________
deaths
and________
injuries
in
the
US
each
year.
A.
6,
000;
3,
600
B.
6,
000;
37,
000
C.
700;
2,
700
D.
80;
1,
500
3.
Where
did
Charles
Coghlan
become
famous
A.
In
Galveston.
B.
In
New
York.
C.
In
Canada.
D.
In
Ireland.
4.
Which
statement
is
NOT
true
A.
The
worst
tornado
of
all
time
occurred
in
the
US
in
1925.
B.
Hurricanes
usually
occur
in
the
southern
Atlantic
Ocean,
the
Caribbean
Sea
and
the
Gulf
of
Mexico.
C.
Hurricanes
usually
affect
the
west
coast
of
the
US.
D.
The
Irish
actor,
Charles
Coghlan,
died
one
year
before
the
1900
Galveston
hurricane
struck.
5.
Which
of
the
following
happened
most
recently
A.
The
worst
tornado
which
affected
three
US
states.
B.
The
worst
hurricane
which
happened
in
Galveston.
C.
The
destruction
of
Charles
Coghlan’s
cemetery.
D.
The
discovery
of
Charles
Coghlan’s
coffin.
Ⅲ.
复读文章完成空格
A
tornado,
which
is
a
rotating
1.
________
of
air
from
a
thunderstorm
to
the
ground
usually
2.
________
in
the
US,
3.
________
several
US
states
greatly.
Hurricanes,
which
are
strong
4.
________
storms,
usually
5.
________
the
east
coast
of
the
US
from
Texas
to
Maine,
the
6.
________
one
of
which
caused
6,
000
7.
________
,
and
destruction
of
3,
600
buildings.
Here
is
a
story
about
the
worst
hurricane.
Charles
Coghlan,
a
famous
Irish
actor,
moved
to
Canada,
then
New
York,
and
finally
Galveston,
where
he
died
in
1899,
a
year
before
the
hurricane
occurred.
In
the
hurricane,
his
8.
________
was
destroyed
and
his
coffin
9.
________
in
the
sea,
which
was
10.
________
by
the
Gulf
Stream
to
his
home
on
Prince
Edward
Island
in
the
east
of
Canada
eight
years
later.
答案:
1.
column 2.
occurs 3.
affecting 4.
tropical
5.
hit/strike/affect 6.
worst 7.
deaths 8.
cemetery
9.
ended
up 10.
carried
【读而后思】
The
violence
of
nature
is
very
terrible,
especially
earthquakes.
Can
you
tell
us
the
effects
of
earthquakes
____________________________________________________________
_________
___________________________________________________________
_______________________________
________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________
(1)Earthquakes
may
make
many
people
lose
their
home
and
relatives
suddenly.
(2)Sometimes,
earthquakes
can
cause
severe
tsunami,
and
each
of
us
cannot
forget
the
tsunami
in
Japan.
(3)As
far
as
I
know,
most
people
in
the
earthquake-stricken
areas
need
a
long
time
to
get
rid
of
the
bad
effects
caused
by
earthquakes,
especially
those
who
lost
their
relatives.
1.
experience
vt.
经历 n.
经验，经历
Do
you
know
anyone
who
has
experienced
one
of
the
events
你认识经历过这些事件的人吗？
The
city
experienced
over
2,
000
such
accidents
last
year.
去年这座城市发生了2
000多起这样的事故。
【归纳拓展】
(1)have
an
experience
in 有在……方面的经历
from/by
experience 凭经验；从经验中(得出)
(2)experienced
adj.
有经验的，熟练的
be
experienced
in 在……方面有经验
We
have
much
experience
(in)
dealing
with
all
kinds
of
disasters.
我们有很多经验对付各种灾害。
Can
you
tell
me
your
experiences
in
America
你能告诉我你在美国的经历吗？
My
father
is
experienced
in
making
all
kinds
of
furniture.
我父亲在制作各种家具方面很有经验。
【名师点津】experience的双面性
experience作名词，作“经验”讲时，是不可数名词，如rich
experience；作“经历”讲时，是可数名词，如a
terrible
experience一次可怕的经历。作动词时，意为“体验，经历”，是及物动词。
【即学活用】用experience的适当形式完成句子。
①My
teacher
has
_______________in
teaching
English.
我的老师有很多英语教学经验。
②He
___________
a
lot
of
difficulties
(in)
doing
that
work.
做那项工作时，他经历了很多困难。
③He
had
_________________________while
travelling
in
Africa.
他在非洲旅行时,
有许多有趣的经历。
much
experience
experienced
many
interesting
experiences
④(2015·安徽高考)If
you
come
to
visit
China,
you
will a
culture
of
amazing
depth
and
variety.
A.
develop
B.
create
C.
substitute
D.
experience
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
如果你来参观中国,
你将会体验到一种令人惊奇的深奥并且多样的文化。develop发展;
create创造;
substitute替代;
experience体验。结合句意,
选D。
2.
cause
vt.
引起；导致
Do
you
know
anything
about
the
events
For
example,
what
causes
them
你知道这些事件的有关情况吗？比如，什么引起这些事件的？
What
caused
her
to
change
her
mind
是什么使她改变了主意？
【归纳拓展】
(1)cause
sb.
to
do
sth.
引得/使得某人做某事
cause
sb.
sth.
=
cause
sth.
to
sb.
给某人引起/带来……
(2)cause
n.
原因，理由；事业
He
apologized
for
causing
me
some
embarrassment.
=He
apologized
for
causing
some
embarrassment
to
me.
他为给我带来难堪而道歉。
Carelessness
is
often
the
cause
of
fires.
粗心大意常常是火灾的起因。
We
should
work
for
the
cause
of
world
peace.
我们应该为争取世界和平而努力。
【易混辨析】
cause
指产生某种现象或结果的必然原因,
即主要是事实方面的原因,
常用cause
of.
.
.
reason
指用来解释某种现象或结果的理由。这种理由可能是也可能不是真正的原因,
强调逻辑推理方面的理由,
后面接介词for或why引导的定语从句
【即学活用】完成句子。
①Carelessness
is
___________his
failure.
粗心是他失败的原因。
②The
child
_____________________________.
=The
child
_______________________________.
这个孩子给他的父母带来了很多麻烦。
the
cause
of
caused
his
parents
a
lot
of
trouble
caused
a
lot
of
trouble
to
his
parents
③That
area
was
hit
by
an
unexpected
heavy
rain,
and
it________
a
severe
flood.
A.
resulted B.
caused C.
led D.
made
【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意:
那个地区遭受突如其来的暴雨袭击,
并引发了严重的洪水灾害。cause意为“导致,
引起”,
符合题意。result
in和lead
to也表示“导致”;
make制造。
3.
occur
vi.
发生
Almost
all
of
them
occur
in
the
US,
in
the
area
from
Texas
in
the
southeast
to
South
Dakota
in
the
north.
几乎所有的龙卷风都发生在美国，这个地区分布在从东南部的得克萨斯州到北部的南达科他州。
When
he
was
walking
in
the
street
this
morning,
a
new
idea
occurred
to
him.
今天早晨他在街上散步时突然想到了一个新主意。
It
suddenly
occurred
to
me
that
it
might
be
because
of
the
power
failure.
我突然想到，这可能是因为停电了。
【归纳拓展】
sth.
occur(s)
to
sb.
某事浮现在某人的脑海中
It
occurs
to
sb.
that.
.
.
/to
do
sth.
……的念头浮现于(某人)脑海
【易混辨析】
occur
正式用语,
常与to连用,
一般情况下可与happen互换;
当表示在脑海中出现某种想法时用occur
happen
普通用词,
一般指意外事件的发生;
表示“某人发生了某事”,
用sth.
happened
to
sb.
;
表示“碰巧做某事”用happen
to
do
sth.
take
place
通常指某事经过安排而发生
break
out
多指战争、地震、火灾的突然发生
【即学活用】用occur/happen/take
place/break
out完成句子。
①When
the
accident
happened，I
_________
to
be
there.
②Should
another
world
war
_________，what
would
become
of
human
beings
③Anything
unexpected
might
_____________.
④The
wedding
will
_________on
Christmas
Day
in
St.
Peter’s
Church.
happened
break
out
happen/occur
take
place
⑤—Why
are
you
so
late
—I
was
in
the
half
way
when
it to
me
that
I
had
left
my
notebook
at
home,
so
I
had
to
fetch
it.
A.
occurred B.
hit C.
happened D.
reminded
【解析】选A。考查句式结构。句意:
——你怎么来得这么晚 ——我在半路突然想到我把笔记本忘到家里了,
所以我不得不回去拿了。It
occurred
to
sb.
that.
.
.
意为“某人突然想到某事”,
符合句意和句子结构,
选择A项。
【思维延伸】补充练习
(2012·江西高考)It
suddenly
occurred
to
him he
had
left
his
keys
in
the
office.
A.
whether
B.
where
C.
which
D.
that
【解析】选D。考查it的用法和固定句型。句意:
他突然想到他把钥匙忘在办公室里了。It
occurs/occurred
to
sb.
that.
.
.
意为“某人突然想到某事”,
其中it是形式主语,
后面的that从句是真正的主语。其他选项没有此用法。
4.
strike
vt.
&
n.
(strike,
struck,
struck/stricken)(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击
By
the
late
1890s,
he
had
moved
to
Galveston,
where
he
died
in
1899,
a
year
before
the
hurricane
struck.
19世纪90年代后期，他搬到了加尔维斯顿，1899年即发生飓风的前一年在这里去世。
A
moderate
earthquake
struck
the
northeastern
United
States
early
on
Saturday.
美国东北部周六早晨遭遇了一次中等强度的地震。
The
first
thing
that
struck
me
about
my
deskmate
was
his
confidence.
关于我的同桌我想到的第一件事就是他的自信。
【归纳拓展】
(1)sth.
strike(s)
sb.
某人突然想到某事
It
strikes
sb.
+
that-从句
某人一下想到
be
struck
by
被……打动；给……以印象
(2)strike
vt.
打；敲击；(时钟)敲响；罢工
It
struck
me
that
the
man
was
not
telling
the
truth.
我猛地意识到那个人没说真话。
I
was
deeply
struck
by
the
beauty
of
Shangri-La.
香格里拉的美景给我留下了深刻的印象。
Strike
while
the
iron
is
hot.
(谚语)趁热打铁。
The
town
clock
struck
midnight
when
I
got
home.
我到家时镇上的时钟刚刚敲响半夜的钟声。
The
coal
miners
struck
for
better
safety
conditions.
煤矿工人罢工要求改善安全状况。
【易混辨析】
hit
指“打中或对准……来打;
敲打或打击对方的某一点;
受欢迎的人或事物”
beat
着重“连续地打击”。例如:
殴打或体罚;
也指在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方;
也指“心跳”
strike
通常指一下一下地打或敲击;
留下印记等;
还有“打动;
使……着迷;
某种想法突然闪现在脑海里”的含义;
也可指“(钟)敲响”
knock
指敲打并伴有响声,
它还有“打倒,
打翻”的意思
【思维延伸】“某人突然想起……”句型归纳：
It
occurs
to
sb.
that.
.
.
It
strikes
sb.
that.
.
.
It
hits
sb.
that.
.
.
【即学活用】用strike/hit/beat/knock完成句子。
①The
rain
was
_______
against
the
window.
②The
ball
_________
him
on
the
head.
③A
car
________
the
girl
down.
④The
Chinese
Volleyball
team
____
Cuba
by
3∶1
in
the
opening
game.
beating
struck/hit
knocked
beat
5.
pick
up
卷起，掀起
Tornadoes
can
pick
up
cars,
trains
and
even
houses
and
put
them
down
in
the
next
street—or
even
in
the
next
town.
龙卷风能卷起汽车、火车，甚至房子，把它们卷到旁边的街道——甚至能卷到邻近的城镇。
I
picked
up
my
sleeves
and
began
to
plant
trees.
我卷起衣袖开始植树。
【归纳拓展】
pick
up
捡起，拿起；上车，用车接；接收，收听
(节目等)；(偶然)获得，得到；好转；恢复(健康)
pick
out
精心挑选；辨别
The
children
picked
up
many
seashells
at
the
seashore.
孩子们在海边捡到许多贝壳。
He
has
never
studied
French；what
he
knows
is
what
he
picked
up
while
living
in
France.
他从未学过法语，他所懂的(法语)是他在法国居住时偶然学到的。
The
bus
stopped
to
pick
up
the
students.
公共汽车停下来让学生们上车。
My
new
radio
can
pick
up
the
VOA
programmes
clearly.
我新买的收音机能清楚地接收《美国之音》节目。
【即学活用】写出黑体部分短语的含义。
①She
kept
picking
up
magazines
and
putting
them
down
again.
(
)
②If
you
sing
it
several
times，your
children
will
begin
to
pick
up
the
words.
(
)
③I
managed
to
pick
up
an
American
news
broadcast.
(
)
④Shall
I
pick
you
up
at
the
station
(
)
⑤The
world
economy
is
picking
up.
(
)
拿起
学会
收听
用车接
好转
⑥(2012·四川高考)It’s
surprising
that
your
brother________
Russian
so
quickly—he
hasn’t
lived
there
very
long.
A.
picked
up
B.
looked
up
C.
put
up
D.
made
up
【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
你哥哥这么快就学会了俄语真是令人惊讶——他在那儿还没住多长时间呢。pick
up拾起,
捡起,
(偶然)得到,
学会;
look
up仰望,
查阅,
尊敬,
拜访;
put
up举起,
张贴,
提供,
建造,
推举,
提名,
供给……住宿;
make
up组成,
化妆,
整理。
⑦Receiving
good
treatment,
she
was
beginning
to and
soon
came
back
to
work.
A.
pick
up
B.
wake
up
C.
grow
up
D.
show
up
【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
由于接受了很好的治疗,
她的身体开始好转,
很快她就能重新工作了。pick
up好转,
变好;
wake
up苏醒,
醒来;
grow
up成长,
长大;
show
up露面,
出现。根据句意和短语意义选择A项。
6.
take
off
去掉，脱掉；(飞机)起飞，开始受欢迎
They
can
take
the
fur
off
the
back
of
a
cat
and
the
feathers
off
a
chicken.
它们可以将猫背上的皮毛和鸡身上的羽毛拔下来。
The
flight
takes
off
at
midnight
in
Shanghai
and
lands
in
about
one
and
a
half
hours
in
Tianjin.
本次航班午夜在上海起飞，大约一个半小时后在天津着陆。
【归纳拓展】
We’re
taking
in
50
new
staff
this
year.
今年我们要吸收五十名新员工。
This
table
takes
up
too
much
room.
这张桌子太占地方。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①I’m
sorry
to
have
________(占据)
so
much
of
your
valuable
time.
②The
plane
________(起飞)in
five
minutes.
③Who
will
________(接管)
the
business
after
you
have
left
office
④Please
_________(写下)
what
I
said
at
your
notebook.
⑤He
_______(摘掉)his
glasses
and
put
them
into
pocket.
taken
up
takes
off
take
over
take
down
took
off
⑥E-shopping
will when
people
make
sure
that
it
is
safe.
A.
take
off
B.
put
up
C.
set
off
D.
set
up
【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
当人们确信网上购物安全时,
它会受到人们欢迎的。take
off开始走红,
开始受欢迎;
put
up张贴,
举起;
set
off出发,
放出;
set
up建立,
树立。根据句意和短语意义选择A项。
【思维延伸】
(2013·辽宁高考)Briggs
will________
as
general
manager
when
Mitchell
retires.
A.
get
away
B.
take
over
C.
set
off
D.
run
out
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
Mitchell退休后Briggs将接替他任总经理。A项表示“离开,
脱身,
逃掉”;
B项表示“接替,
接管”;
C项表示“动身,
出发”;
D项表示“用光,
耗尽”。
7.
on
average
平均起来
On
average,
there
are
800
tornadoes
in
the
US
each
year,
causing
about
80
deaths
and
1,
500
injuries.
美国平均每年会发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1
500人受伤。
It
takes
me
two
hours
a
day
to
play
table
tennis
on
average.
平均起来，我每天花两小时打乒乓球。
【归纳拓展】
(1)above
average
在平均水平以上
below
average
在平均水平以下
with
the
average
of
平均为
(2)average
adj.
平均的，平均数的
v.
平均，平均为
His
income
is
well
above
average/below
average.
他的收入大大高于/低于平均水平。
The
average
rainfall
was
just
18.
75
cm
last
year,
making
it
the
driest
year
since
California
became
a
state
in
1850.
去年平均降雨只有18.
75厘米，使得去年成为自1850年加利福尼亚州成立以来最干燥的一年。
The
cost
of
living
in
my
home
now
averages
about
2,
000
yuan
per
month.
我家现在的月平均生活费用大约是2
000元。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①These
marks
are
well
_____________.
这些分数远在平均水平以下。
②We
fail
one
student
per
year
__________.
我们平均每年有一个学生不及格。
③______________________
last
month
was
18℃.
上月的平均气温是18摄氏度。
④The
rainfall
here
________
36
inches
a
year.
这里年降雨量平均为36英寸。
below
average
on
average
The
average
temperature
averages
⑤(2015·重庆高考)Last
year
was
the
warmest
year
on
record,
with
global
temperature
0.
68℃ the
average.
A.
below
B.
on
C.
at
D.
above
【解析】选D。考查介词。句意:
去年是有记录以来最温暖的一年,
全球的气温比平均高0.
68摄氏度。above
the
average超过一般水平,
在平均数以上。
8.
end
up
结果为……，以……结束
The
cemetery
where
Coghlan
was
buried
was
destroyed
by
the
hurricane
and
Coghlan’s
coffin
ended
up
in
the
sea.
掩埋科格伦的公墓被飓风所摧毁，他的棺材最后被卷入了大海。
【归纳拓展】
end
up
in
以……结束(接表示结果的名词)
in
with
以……结束(接表示伴随方式的名词)
in
as
作为……而结束
in
doing
以……方式结束
The
movie
ends
up
with
the
wedding
of
the
young
man
and
girl.
电影以男青年与姑娘的婚礼作为结尾。
At
first
he
refused
to
accept
any
responsibility
but
he
ended
up
apologizing.
最初他拒不承认有任何责任，结果还是道了歉。
【名师点津】
end
up
with的反义短语是begin
with/start
with。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①He
___________the
head
of
the
company.
他最后成为这家公司的老板。
②We
were
to
go
out,
but
_________________TV
at
home.
我们原计划外出,
但结果却在家看电视。
③Smell
the
flowers
before
you
go
to
sleep,
and
you
may
just
___________a
sweet
dream.
睡觉前闻一闻花的香味,
你也许会做个好梦。
④Their
effort
___________failure.
他们的努力以失败而告终。
ended
up
as
ended
up
watching
end
up
with
ended
up
in
⑤(2015·天津高一检测)Joining
the
firm
as
a
clerk,
he
got
rapid
promotion,
and________
as
a
manager.
A.
ended
up
B.
dropped
out
C.
came
back
D.
started
off
【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
他加入公司时是一名职员,
很快得到了提升,
最后当上了经理。end
up
as作为……而结束;
drop
out退出,
退学;
come
back回来;
start
off动身,
出发。只有A项符合题意。
【思维延伸】
(2012·安徽高考)The
athlete’s
years
of
hard
training when
she
finally
won
the
Olympic
gold
medal.
A.
went
on
B.
got
through
C.
paid
off
D.
ended
up
【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
当这位运动员最终获得奥运金牌时,
她多年的艰苦训练终于有了回报。A项意为“继续进行”;
B项意为“经历;
通过;
完成”;
C项意为“取得成功;
奏效;
(努力等)有了回报”;
D项意为“结束”。
9.
The
worst
tornado
of
all
time
occurred
in
1925,
affecting
three
US
states:
Missouri,
Illinois
and
Indiana.
有史以来最严重的一次龙卷风发生在1925年,
影响了美国的三个州:
密苏里州、伊利诺伊州和印第安纳州。
【句式分析】
(1)本句中的affecting
three
US
states是现在分词短语作结果状语。
(2)现在分词作结果状语时,
其逻辑主语就是主句的主语;
作结果状语的动词对句子的谓语动词起补充说明的作用。
His
father
died，leaving
him
a
lot
of
money.
他父亲去世了，留给他一大笔钱。
The
child
fell，striking
his
head
against
the
door
and
cutting
it.
小孩摔了一跤，头撞在门上碰破了。
Football
is
played
all
over
the
world,
making
it
a
worldwide
famous
game.
全世界都踢足球，使得它成为一项世界著名的运动项目。
【名师点津】现在分词作结果状语与不定式作结果状语的区别
现在分词作结果状语表自然而然的结果；
不定式作结果状语表意想不到的结果，常用only/just/never
to
do结构。
He
was
caught
in
the
rain,
thus
making
himself
catch
a
cold.
他淋雨了，因此感冒了。
I
hurried
to
the
post
office
only
to
find
it
closed.
我匆匆地去了邮局，却发现它已经关门了。(“邮局关门了”这个结果出乎“我”的意料)
【即学活用】完成句子。
①A
small
plane
crashed
into
a
hillside
five
miles
east
of
the
city,
______
all
four
people
on
board.
一架小飞机在这座城市东部5英里处坠落到山坡上，造成机上四
人全部死亡。
②He
left
his
hometown
at
an
early
age
to
make
a
living,
__________________since
then.
他很早就离开家乡出外谋生，结果再也没有听到他的消息。
killing
never
to
be
heard
of
③(2015·西安高一检测)More
highways
have
been
built
in
China,
________
it
much
easier
for
people
to
travel
from
one
place
to
another.
A.
making B.
made C.
to
make D.
having
made
【解析】选A。考查现在分词作结果状语。句意:
现在中国建成了越来越多的公路,
使得人们从一个地方到另一个地方旅游变得更加容易。句中making
it
much
easier.
.
.
为非谓语动词短语作结果状语,
且动词make与前面所表达的含义为主动关系,
故选择现在分词短语作状语。
10.
By
the
time
it
ended,
more
than
700
people
had
been
killed
and
2,
700
had
been
injured.
等到风停时,
已有700多人死亡,
2
700多人受伤。
【句式分析】
(1)本句中By
the
time作连词用,
引导时间状语从句,
意为“到……为止;
不迟于……”,
此时主句常用完成时态。
(2)由于本句中By
the
time后面的句子中使用了一般过去时,
故主句中应该使用过去完成时。
(3)如果by
the
time后面的句子使用一般现在时,
主句常用将来完成时,
有时也可用一般将来时。
By
the
time
she
was
15,
she
had
written
three
long
novels.
当她15岁时，她已经写了三部长篇小说。
By
the
time
this
letter
reaches
you,
I
will
have
left
the
country.
当你收到这封信时，我已经离开这个国家了。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①By
the
time
he
was
12,
he
____________(travel)to
more
than
30
countries.
②By
the
time
I
graduate
next
year,
I
_____________(live)here
for
5
years.
had
travelled
will
have
lived
③By
the
time
the
fire
caused
by
a
careless
smoker
was
put
out,
the
factory completely.
A.
destroyed
B.
would
be
destroyed
C.
has
destroyed
D.
had
been
destroyed
【解析】选D。考查动词时态。句意:
由一个粗心的吸烟者而引起的火灾被扑灭的时候,
那家工厂已经完全被烧毁了。by
the
time意为“到……时候为止”,
后面的从句是一般过去时时,
主句应该使用过去完成时;
且主语factory与动词destroy是动宾关系,
动词还应该使用被动语态,
故选择D项。
【思维延伸】
①Hurry
up,
or
the
tickets________
out
by
the
time
we
get
there.
A.
will
have
sold
B.
will
sell
C.
will
be
selling
D.
will
have
been
sold
【解析】选D。考查时态和语态。句意:
快点,
否则当我们到达那里时,
票就已经被卖完了。sell
out意为“卖完”,
tickets与sell
out之间为被动关系,
故用被动语态;
由by
the
time
we
get
there可知要用将来完成时。
②By
the
time
you back,
we
will
have
finished
all
the
work.
A.
come
B.
comes
C.
will
come
D.
has
come
【解析】选A。考查动词时态。句意:
到你回来的时候,
我们就已经完成所有的工作了。by
the
time意为“到……时候为止”,
后面的从句是一般现在时表示一般将来时时,
主句使用将来完成时,
故选择A项。
【要点拾遗】
1.
flood
n.
洪水，水灾
v.
淹没；大量涌入
Many
regions
had
been
badly
hit
by
floods.
很多地区遭受了严重的水灾。
Large
numbers
of
immigrants
flooded
into
the
area.
大批移民涌入了这个地区。
【归纳拓展】
a
flood
of
大量的
be
flooded
with
充满
flood
in/into
涌入
I
received
a
flood
of
letters
against
the
time
change.
我收到了大量的信件反对改变时间。
Memories
of
his
childhood
came
flooding
back
into
his
mind.
他童年的往事涌上心头。
The
office
was
flooded
with
complaints.
办事处收到如洪水般涌至的投诉信件。
When
I
drew
the
curtains
back，the
sunlight
flooded
in.
我拉开窗帘，阳光照进房间。
【巧学助记】
Look!
This
place
is
flooded
and
the
person
in
the
flood
is
in
danger.
看！这个地方被洪水淹没了，在洪水中的
这个人正处于危险中。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①The
room
_______________autumnal
sunlight.
那个房间充满了秋天的阳光。
②Fan
letters
_________.
崇拜者的信像潮水般涌来。
③The
river
burst
its
banks
and
________________.
河水冲破堤岸,
淹没了山谷。
was
flooded
with
flooded
in
flooded
the
valley
④Japanese
cars
_______________
the
American
market.
日本汽车已充斥美国市场。
⑤_________________________
in
the
houses
by
the
river.
这场大雨下得河边的房子里都进了水。
have
flooded
into
The
heavy
rain
caused
floods
2.
current
n.
海流；潮流；水流；气流；电流
adj.
当前的；现在的
He
swam
to
the
shore
against
a
strong
current.
他逆着急流游向岸边。
Birds
use
warm
air
currents
to
help
their
flight.
鸟类利用暖气流帮助飞行。
The
current
includes
a
direct
current
and
an
alternating
current.
电流分直流电和交流电。
【归纳拓展】
currently
adv.
目前；当前
current
account
活期存款账户；往来账户
current
affairs
时事
Ministers
are
worried
by
this
current
of
anti-government
feeling.
部长们被这股反政府情绪所困扰。
He
is
your
current
employer.
他是你现在的雇主。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①To
swim
in
this
river
now
is
dangerous,
for
__________
is
too
swift.
现在在这条河里游泳是很危险的,
因为水流太急了。
②Our
director
is
_________
in
London.
我们公司的董事目前在伦敦。
③We
must
be
concerned
about
________________
at
home
and
abroad.
我们必须关注国内外的时事。
the
current
currently
the
current
affairs
3.
furniture
n.
家具
I
can’t
think
of
a
single
piece
of
furniture
in
my
house
that
I
bought
new.
我想不出我家里有一件家具是买的新的。
I
heard
you
were
selling
the
old
furniture
cheap.
我听说你在廉价转让旧家具。
【名师点津】
furniture为不可数名词，不能说a
furniture，也不能说furnitures。表示“一件家具”要说a
piece
of
furniture。
【归纳拓展】
furnish
vt.
为……提供家具；布置
be
furnished
with
装饰有……；陈设有……
The
room
was
furnished
with
a
desk
and
a
telephone.
这个房间配有一张书桌和一部电话。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①She
moved
____________around.
她把家具四处移动。
②They’ve
bought
_____________
for
their
new
house.
他们买了些家具布置新房子。
③The
house
____________
simply.
这个房子陈设简朴。
the
furniture
some
furniture
was
furnished
4.
bury
vt.
埋葬
All
his
family
are
buried
in
the
same
cemetery.
他所有的家人都埋葬在同一个墓地。
He
was
buried
with
his
wife.
他和他的妻子葬在了一起。
In
the
evenings
he
buried
himself
in
his
books.
每天晚上他都埋头读书。
【归纳拓展】
bury
oneself
in
=
be
buried
in
专心致志于
bury
one’s
face
in
one’s
hands
双手掩面
be
buried
alive
被活埋
be
buried
in
thought
在沉思中
She
buried
her
face
in
her
hands
and
cried
bitterly.
她双手掩面痛哭了起来。
She
was
buried
in
thought
and
I
didn’t
know
what
was
in
her
mind.
她在沉思，我不知道她在想什么。
【巧学助记】
情景记忆bury
【即学活用】完成句子。
①I
shall
________________________my
study
if
I
want
to
pass
the
exam.
要想通过考试,
我应该埋头学习。
②She
was
sitting
with
her
head
________
a
newspaper.
她坐着埋头看报纸。
③Where
__
Shakespeare
______
莎士比亚葬于何处
be
buried
in/bury
myself
in
buried
in
is
buried
④The
old
man
____________
his
research
at
the
moment.
这个老人当时在致力于他的研究。
⑤__________________,
he
didn’t
know
that
all
the
others
had
left.
因为专注于学习,
他不知道别人都走了。
was
buried
in
Buried
in
his
studies
5.
violent
adj.
猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的
The
enemies
started
another
violent
attack.
敌人又发动了一轮猛攻。
Being
in
a
violent
temper，he
hit
his
wife
in
the
face.
盛怒之下，他打了妻子一记耳光。
【归纳拓展】
violence
n.
猛烈；暴力(行为)
with
violence
剧烈地
violently
adv.
激/剧/猛烈地
The
violence
of
the
hurricane
caused
great
damage.
猛烈的飓风造成了巨大的损失。
【即学活用】用violent的适当形式填空。
①It
is
the
duty
of
everyone
to
obey
this
law，but
without
using
_______.
②Fortunately，no
one
was
killed
in
this
______
storm
yesterday.
③Several
people
were
________
attacked
in
that
dark
street
within
a
week.
violence
violent
violently(共28张PPT)
P1
Warming
Up
The
Violence
of
Nature
M3
More
and
more
natural
disasters
and
extreme
weather
are
impacting
on
our
lives.
Can
you
give
some
examples
natural
disasters
2004
Indian
Ocean
earthquake
and
Tsunami
in
Indonesian
island
2005
Hurricane
Katrina
in
USA
2008
Wenchuan
earthquake
in
China
2011
Flood
in
Thailand
2013
Typhoon
Haiyan
in
Philippines
To
learn
about
the
natural
disasters
and
their
damage.
2.
To
learn
some
new
words
and
useful
expressions
to
describe
disasters.
Objectives
How
many
natural
disasters
do
you
know
Can
you
speak
them
out
flood
lightning
thunderstorm
sandstorm
hurricane
tornado
typhoon
landslide
earthquake
tsunami
volcano
eruption
闪电
洪水
龙卷风
雷暴
火山喷发
沙尘暴
海啸
地震
飓风
滑坡
台风
Disasters
of
Nature
(match
up)
lightning:
the
flash
of
light
which
happens
during
a
thunderstorm
Guess
what
the
natural
disaster
is
according
to
its
definition.
tsunami:
an
earthquake
happening
under
the
sea
floor
earthquake:
a
sudden
violent
movement
of
the
Earth’s
surface,
sometimes
causing
great
damage
thunderstorm:
a
lot
of
rain
falling
quickly,
with
loud
noises
and
flashes
of
light
sandstorm:
a
storm
caused
by
strong
winds
and
blowing
sand
or
dust
volcano
eruption:
ash
sometimes
rise
into
the
air
from
inside
the
earth
flood:
a
lot
of
water
in
an
area
which
is
usually
dry
tornado:
a
column
of
air
that
turns
very
quickly
typhoon:
a
tropical
cyclone
(热带气旋)
occurring
in
the
western
Pacific
or
Indian
oceans
hurricane:
a
violent
storm
with
extremely
strong
winds
and
heavy
rain
landslide:
a
large
amount
of
earth
and
rocks
falling
down
a
cliff
or
the
side
of
a
mountain.
Can
we
do
something
to
reduce
the
disasters
In
order
to
reduce
the
occurrence
of
natural
disasters
and
the
further
deterioration
of
the
environment,
we
should
try
our
best
to
protect
our
environment!
Create
word
webs
for
the
following
two
terms
and
find
some
words
/expressions
related
to
them.
hit
strike
break
out
occur
take
place
When/where/what
last
happen
disaster
damage
injure/hurt/kill
cause/affect
bury
block/cut
off
be
trapped
in/be
caught
in/
get
into
trouble
lose
one’s
life
burn
destroy
/
ruin
1.
Have
you
ever
experienced
a
thunderstorm,
a
flood,
a
hurricane,
a
tornado,
or
an
earthquake
2.
Do
you
know
anyone
who
has
experienced
one
of
the
events
3.
Have
you
ever
read
a
news
story
about
one
of
the
events
Can
you
describe
it
Discussion
Work
in
pairs
and
talk
about
one
of
the
disasters
from
the
following
aspects:
1)
the
reason
2)
the
main
phenomenon
3)
the
damage
…
1.
What
is
a
current
(a)
A
kind
of
electricity.
(b)
A
movement
of
water.
(c)
A
kind
of
wind.
2.
What
kind
of
things
flow
(a)
Water.
(b)
Time.
(c)
Money.
3.
If
two
places
are
on
the
same
latitude,
they
are
on
the
same
line
_____.
(a)
east/west
(b)
north/south
Read
about
the
Gulf
Stream
on
page
22
and
check
the
meaning
of
the
words.
Homework
To
read
the
passage
and
preview
the
new
words
and
expressions
on
Pages
22&23.(共34张PPT)
Module
3
The
Violence
of
Nature
Grammar
1.
Let
students
go
over
the
Past
Perfect
Tense.
2.
Let
students
go
over
the
Indirect
Speech.
3.
Use
them
to
express
yourself
freely.
Learning
aims
The
past
perfect
passive
Leading-in
观察句子：
1.
By
the
end
of
last
month,
the
work
had
been
finished.
2.
My
computer
had
been
all
right
till
last
Monday.
3.
Before
father
came
back,
the
kids
had
already
gone
to
bed.
4.
The
students
of
Class
1
were
very
happy
because
they
had
won
the
basketball
match.
5.
The
boy
was
reminded
that
his
homework
had
not
been
handed
in.
6.They
left
after
the
door
had
been
locked.
注意时态、语态和时间状语
now
past
future
过去完成
现在完成
过去完成时必须要有一个过去的时间点作参照，表明一个动作或状态持续到过去的某一时间点结束或还要持续下去；反之亦然，如果给了一个过去完成时，则一定还会有一个一般过去时的动作或状态与之对照。
当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式为主动语态。
当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语的形式为被动语态。
当句子的主语为动作的承受者，并且该动作发生在过去的某个时间以前（过去的过去）时，便被称为过去完成时的被动语态。谓语动词形式为“had
been＋过去分词”。
过去完成时的被动语态
Choose
the
correct
tense
and
voice
to
complete
each
sentence.
1.
After
the
hurricane,
Mary
____
(see)
that
the
roof
of
her
house
________________
(disappear).
2.
She
________
(return)
home
and
______
(find)
all
her
furniture
______________
(ruin)
by
the
flood.
3.
Arthur
was
surprised
when
he
_______
(arrive)
home
because
the
tornado
_________
(take)
the
feathers
off
his
chickens.
saw
had
disappeared
returned
found
had
been
ruined
arrived
had
taken
4.
We
______
(leave)
the
house
when
the
thunderstorm
___________
(finish).
5.
He
___________
(try)
to
drive
back
to
his
home
before
the
flood
_______(pass)
through
the
village.
left
had
finished
had
tried
passed
Complete
these
sentences
with
the
verbs
from
the
box.
Use
the
past
perfect
passive,
if
necessary.
After
the
earthquake,
they
discovered
that
several
people
_______________.
2.
When
the
hurricane
ended,
several
buildings
in
the
town
__________________.
3.
His
village
________________
in
the
heavy
rain,
so
he
moved
to
his
parents’
house.
had
been
killed
had
been
destroyed
had
been
flooded
destroy
die
fall
flood
kill
4.
When
she
woke
up,
she
found
that
her
house
_______________
by
the
thunderstorm.
5.
Arthur
was
unhappy
because
some
of
his
animals
________.
had
died
had
been
fallen
destroy
die
fall
flood
kill
Indirect
speech
He
says,
“I
leave
my
book
in
your
room.”
He
said
that
he
left
his
book
in
my
room.
直接引语：
直接引述别人的原话。
间接引语：
用自己的话转述别人的话。
间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句
直接引语一般要加引号，间接引语不用加引号。
直接引语变间接引语
直接引语和间接引语可分为三大类：
(1)
陈述句
(2)
祈使句
(3)
疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句）
一、陈述句
陈述句的直接引语变间接引语时，用连词that引导（that
在口语中常可省略）。
He
said
,“I
left
my
book
in
your
room.”
He
said
that
he
had
left
his
book
in
my
room.
二、祈使句
直接引语为祈使句时，间接引语用不定式，主句动词根据句子意义，可用ask,
want,
tell,
order,
advise等词代替，构成ask/want/tell/order/advise
sb.
(not)
to
do
sth.。
1.
The
teacher
said
to
the
student,
“Don’t
be
late
again.”
→The
teacher
told
the
student
not
to
be
late
again.
2.
“Wake
him
up,”
she
said
to
me.
→
She
told
me
to
wake
him
up.
三、疑问句
直接引语为一般疑问句、反意疑问句或选择疑问句时，间接引语可以改成以if
/
whether
+
陈述句的形式。主句中的谓语动词为said时改为asked，没有间接宾语可以加一个间接宾语（如me、him等）。
1.The
teacher
asked
me,
“
Do
you
like
English ”
→
The
teacher
asked
me
if
I
liked
English.
2.
He
asked,
“You’ve
already
finished
your
homework,
haven’t
you ”
→He
asked
if/whether
we
had
already
finished
our
homework.
3.
He
asked
me,
“Do
you
want
to
stay
at
a
hotel
or
at
my
home ”
→He
asked
me
whether
I
wanted
to
stay
at
a
hotel
or
at
his
home.
四、特殊疑问句
直接引语为特殊疑问句时，可以保留疑问词，后跟陈述句。
1.
He
asked
me,
“Where
are
you
going ”
→He
asked
me
where
I
was
going.
2.
She
asked
him,
“Whom
do
you
want
to
see ”
→She
asked
him
whom
he
wanted
to
see.
在学习直接引语和间接引语的过程中，应注意三个问题：
1）选用正确引导词
2）语序（陈述句语序）
3）人称、时态、指示词等的变化
直接引语变间接引语时，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要做相应的变化。
【点津】
人称的变化:一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新
口诀
说明
直接引语
间接引语
一
随
主
二随宾
第三
人称
不更
新
引号内的第一人
称变间接引语后与主句主语的人称保持一致
引号内的第二人称变间接引语后与主句宾语的人称保持一致
引号内的第三人称在变间接引语后人称不变
She
said,“
I
like
tennis.”
She
said
that
she
liked
tennis.
He
said
to
Lily,
“
You
must
get
up
early.”
He
told
Lily
that
she
must
get
up
early.
She
said
to
me
,
“
They
want
to
help
him.”
She
told
me
that
they
wanted
to
help
him.
时态的变化
He
says,
‘‘
I
will
do
it
tomorrow.”
He
says
that
he
will
do
it
tomorrow.
如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态无需变化。
如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态要做出相应的改变。
Betty
said,
“I’ll
be
waiting
for
your
call.”
→Betty
said
that
she
would
be
waiting
for
my
call.
直接引语时态
间接引语时态
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
一般过去时
过去完成时
过去完成时
不变
一般将来时
过去将来时
当主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词的时态变化如下：
直接引语变间接引语时，句中的情态动词也应做相应的改变。
直接引语
间接引语
can
may
shall/will
needn’t
must
ought
to
could
might
should/would
didn’t
have
to
must
ought
to
指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化。
指示代词
this
that
地点状语
here
there
方向性动词
come
go
bring
take
now
then
today
that
day
tonight
that
night
ago
before/earlier
yesterday
the
day
before
last
night
the
night
before
tomorrow
the
next/following
day
next
week
the
next/following
week
the
day
after
tomorrow
in
two
days’
time
the
day
before
yesterday
two
days
before/earlier
时间状语:
【点津】
直接引语变为间接引语时，在下列情况下时态不变。
(1)
直接引语若表示的是客观事实或真理时，变间接引语时时态不变。
(2)
当引语中的时间状语表示过去某一具体时间时，谓语动词时态不需改变。
(3)
如果直接引语要变为间接引语，转述的是发生在当天当地的事，那么直接引语中的
come，here，tomorrow，this
morning，today，yesterday
等不必改变。
(1)
He
asked,
“Which
star
is
the
biggest ”(真理)
→He
asked
which
star
is
the
biggest.
(2)
“Another
new
hospital
had
been
built
when
I
went
back
to
my
hometown
last
year.
”
he
said.
→He
said
that
another
new
hospital
had
been
built
when
he
came
back
to
his
hometown
the
year
before.
(3)
Li
Ming
said,
“I
was
born
in
1946
and
joined
the
army
in
1966.”
→Li
Ming
said
that
he
was
born
in1946
and
joined
the
army
in
1966.
1.
“Please
close
the
window,”
he
said
to
me.
→______________________________
2.
“I
am
a
teacher,”
Jack
said.
→________________________
【即学即练】
句型转换（直接引语变为间接引语）
He
asked
me
to
close
the
window.
Jack
said
he
was
a
teacher.
Language
points
ruin
v.毁灭,
毁坏,
破产
；n.毁灭,
废墟(要用复数),
崩溃
She
returned
home
and
found
all
her
furniture
had
been
ruined
by
the
flood.
她回到家发现所有的家具被洪水毁坏了。
We
saw
the
ruins
of
the
church.
我们看见了这座教堂的废墟。
The
rain
ruined
my
painting.
这场雨把我的画给毁了。
【辨析】
damage,
destroy,
ruin
破坏、毁坏
damage
n.&
v.
价值、用途降低或外表损坏等,不一定全部破坏,
损坏了还可以修复。
The
heavy
rain
damaged
many
houses.
destroy
彻底毁坏,使之不复存在或无法修复。
That
town
was
destroyed
in
a
big
fire.
ruin
n.&
v.彻底破坏,表示毁坏某种好的或有用的东西,使其失去有用的价值。
The
fire
ruined
the
books
in
the
library.
in
ruins
成为废墟，严重破坏
改错：
1.
On
hearing
the
news
that
her
lost
daughter
had
found
the
excited
mother
burst
out
tears.
been
2.
—George
and
Lucy
get
married
last
week.
Did
you
got
go
to
the
wedding
—No,
I
hadn’t
been
invite.
Did
they
have
a
big
wedding
invited
Class
exercises
into
3.
The
new
suspension
bridge
had
been
designed
at
the
end
of
last
month.
by
4.
The
policeman’s
attention
was
suddenly
catch
by
a
caught
small
box
which
had
been
placed
under
the
Minister’s
car.
5.
At
the
end
of
the
meeting,
it
was
announced
that
an
agreement
has
been
reached.
had
6.
“
Have
you
seen
the
film
”
he
asked
me.
→He
asked
me
whether
I
have
seen
the
film.
had
7.
“
Please
close
the
window”
,he
said
to
me.
→He
asked
me
close
the
window.
to
Homework
Go
over
the
grammar
learned
in
this
class
and
do
some
exercises.
Light
come,
light
go.
来得容易，去得快。Module
3
Violence
of
Nature
Period
4
Integrating
Skills
课堂10分钟达标
Ⅰ.
单词拼写
1.
There
is
a
________
(可能性)that
it
will
rain
tomorrow.
2.
________
(幸运的是),
her
husband
was
kind
to
her.
3.
Reading
in
poor
light
does
________
(损失)to
your
eyes.
4.
I
take
an
________
(积极的)part
in
all
kinds
of
after-school
activities.
5.
After
the
________
(地震),
the
whole
town
was
in
ruins.
6.
Our
party
was
________
(毁坏)by
the
heavy
rain.
7.
The
citizens
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )received
the
________
(警告)that
a
hurricane
was
on
the
way.
8.
He
often
keeps
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
in
touch
with
his
________
(以前的)teachers
and
classmates.
9.
She
plays
an
________
(积极的)part
in
local
politics.
10.
________
(满怀感谢地),
my
village
survived
the
great
flood.
答案：1.
possibility
2.
Fortunately
3.
damage
4.
active
5.
earthquake
6.
ruined
7.
warning
8.
previous
9.
active
10.
Thankfully
Ⅱ.
完成句子
1.
The
robber
________
________
________
(放火焚烧)his
house
before
he
escaped.
2.
________
________
(扑灭)the
fire
before
going
to
bed.
3.
That
area
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
which
was
a
beautiful
town
many
years
ago,
is
________
________
(成为废墟)now.
4.
________
________
________
________
(有可能)that
he
can’t
come
to
our
party.
5.
We
have
raised
5
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )0,
000
yuan
________
________(总共)for
the
Hope
Project.
6.
Children
__
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______often
________
________
(被警告)the
danger
of
playing
fire.
7.
She
was
standing
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
too
close
to
the
fireplace
and
her
dress
________
________
(着火).
8.
I
will
arra
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nge
for
the
meeting
to
________
________
(举行)on
Friday.
答案：1.
set
fire
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to
2.
Put
out
3.
in
ruins
4.
There
is
a
possibility
5.
in
all
6.
are;
warned
of
7.
caught
fire
8.
take
place
单句语法填空
1.
The
football
match
was
________
(ruin)by
the
bad
weather.
2.
The
police
has
caught
the
man
who
set
fire
________the
factory.
3.
The
big
fire
was
put
________at
last.
4.
There
is
no
________
(possible)that
he
can
pass
the
driving
test.
5.
Taking
exercise
after
meals
does
damage
________your
health.
6.
The
black
clouds
gave
________
(warn)of
an
approaching
storm.
7.
This
is
the
most
interesting
lesson
________I
have
ever
learnt.
8.
On
our
tr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ip
to
Beijing,
we
had
a
blow-out
but
________
(fortunate)we
had
a
spare
in
the
truck.
答案：1.
ruined
2.
to
3.
out
4.
possibility
5.
to
6.
warning
7.
that
8.
fortunatelyModule
3
Violence
of
Nature
Period
3
Grammar
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
It
was
once
tho
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ught
that
air
pollution
affected
only
the
area
immediately
around
large
cities
with
factories
and
heavy
automobile
traffic.
Today,
we
know
that
although
these
are
the
areas
with
the
worst
air
pollution,
the
problem
is
actually
worldwide.
On
several
occasions
over
the
past
decade,
a
heavy
cloud
of
air
pollution
has
covered
the
entire
eastern
half
of
the
United
States
and
led
to
health
warnings
even
in
rural
areas
away
from
any
major
concentration
of
manufacturing
and
automobile
traffic.
In
fact,
the
very
climate
of
the
entire
earth
may
be
affected
by
air
pollution.
Some
scientists
feel
that
the
increasing
concentration
of
carbon
dioxide
in
the
air
resulting
from
the
burning
of
fossil
fuels(coal
and
oil)is
creating
a“greenhouse
effect”—holding
in
heat
reflected
from
the
earth
and
raising
the
world’s
average
temperature.
If
this
view
is
correct
and
the
world’s
temperature
is
raised
only
a
few
degrees,
much
of
the
polar
ice
cap
will
melt
and
cities
such
as
New
York,
Boston,
Miami,
and
New
Orleans
will
be
under
water.
Another
view,
less
wid
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ely
held,
is
that
increasing
particulate(微粒、颗粒)matter
in
the
atmosphere
is
blocking
sunlight
and
lowering
the
earth’s
temperature─a
result
that
would
be
equally
disastrous.
A
drop
of
just
a
few
degrees
could
create
something
close
to
new
ice
age
and
would
make
agriculture
difficult
or
impossible
in
many
of
our
top
farming
areas.
At
present
we
do
not
know
for
sure
that
either
of
these
conditions
will
happen(though
one
recent
government
report
prepared
by
experts
in
the
field
concluded
that
the
greenhouse
effect
is
very
likely).
Perhaps,
if
we
are
very
lucky,
the
two
tendencies
will
offset
each
other
and
the
world’s
temperature
will
stay
about
the
same
as
it
is
now.
【语篇概述】本文阐述了大气污染可能导致的两种结果。
1.
As
pointed
out
at
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
beginning
of
the
passage,
people
used
to
think
that
air
pollution .
A.
caused
widespread
damage
in
the
countryside
B.
affected
the
entire
eastern
half
of
the
United
States
C.
had
damaging
effects
on
health
D.
existed
merely
in
urban
and
industrial
areas
【解析】选D。细节理解题。由文章开头可知。过去人们认为空气污染主要存在于大城市中。
2.
As
far
as
the
greenhouse
effect
is
concerned,
the
author .
A.
shares
the
same
view
with
the
scientists
B.
is
uncertain
of
its
occurrence
C.
rejects
it
as
being
ungrounded
D.
thinks
that
it
will
destroy
the
world
soon
【解析】选B。推理判断题
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。文章第一段论述了温室效应可能会使全球气温上升,
第二段又谈到污染也可能会使大气温度下降,
根据“At
present
we
do
not
know
for
sure
that
either
of
these
conditions
will
happen.
.
.
”可知B项正确。
3.
It
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage
that .
A.
lowering
the
worl
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d’s
temperature
merely
a
few
degrees
would
lead
many
major
farming
areas
to
disaster
B.
raising
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )world’s
temperature
only
a
few
degrees
would
not
do
much
harm
to
life
on
earth
C.
almost
no
tem
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )perature
variations
have
occurred
over
the
past
decade
D.
the
world’s
temperature
will
remain
constant
in
the
years
to
come
【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第二段中的第二句可知A项正确。其他几项均不符合文中所列事实。
4.
This
passage
is
mainly
concerned
with .
A.
the
greenhouse
effect
B.
the
burning
of
fossil
fuels
C.
the
potential
effect
of
air
pollution
D.
the
likelihood(可能性)of
a
new
ice
age
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。文章阐述了大气污染可能导致的两种结果:
升温和降温。所以只有C项正确。
Ⅱ.
语法填空
阅读下面材料,
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Earthquakes
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are
something
that
people
fear.
There
1.
________
(be)some
places
that
have
few
or
no
earthquakes.
Most
places
in
the
world,
2.
________
,
have
them
regularly.
Countries
that
have
a
lot
of
earthquakes
are
usually
quite
3.
________
(mountain).
The
most
talked
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )about
earthquake
in
the
United
States
was
in
San
Francisco
in
1906.
Over
700
people
4.
________
(die)in
it.
The
strongest
one
in
North
America
was
in
1964.
It
happened
in
Alaska.
Strong
earthquakes
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re
not
always
the
5.
________
(one)that
kill
the
most
people.
In
1755,
one
of
the
strongest
earthquakes
ever
recorded
6.
________
(feel)in
Portugal.
Around
2,
000
people
died.
In
1923,
a
very
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )strong
earthquake
hit
Tokyo,
the
Yokohama
area
of
Japan.
A
hundred
and
forty
thousand
people
died,
most
of
7.
died
in
fires
which
followed
the
earthquake.
One
of
the
worst
e
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arthquakes
ever
was
in
China
in
1976.
It
killed
a
large
number
of
people.
The
worst
earthquake
ever
8.
________
(record)was
also
in
China,
9.
________
which
400,
000
people
were
killed
or
injured.
This
earthquake
happened
in
1556.
Earthquakes
worry
p
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eople
a
lot.
The
reason
is
10.
________
we
often
do
not
know
when
they
are
coming.
People
can
not
prepare
for
it.
【语篇概述】文章向我们介绍了人们对地震的恐惧以及地球上发生的有记载的有影响的地震。
1.
【解析】are。考
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )查倒装结构。这是一个there
be句型。句意:
有些地方几乎没有或不发生地震。主语是some
places,
故谓语动词应用are。
2.
【解析】howev
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er。考查副词。很显然,
该句所说的“世界上很多地方经常发生地震”和上一句“有些地方几乎没有或不发生地震”是转折关系,
故用however。
3.
【解析】mountainous。考查词性转换。在系动词后作表语用形容词形式mountainous,
意为“多山的”。
4.
【解析】died。考查时态。1906年发生的事情,
所以用过去时态。
5.
【解析】ones。考查代词。根据句子的谓语动词are以及定语从句中的谓语动词形式kill可知用复数。
6.
【解析】was
felt。考查时态和语态。地震是被感觉到的,
并且这次地震发生在过去,
故用一般过去时的被动语态。
7.
【解析】whom。考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。作of的宾语,
代替上文的先行词people,
故用whom。
8.
【解析】recorded。考查非谓语动词。record和earthquake是动宾关系,
故用过去分词表被动。
9.
【解析】in。考查介词。后面的which代替的是先行词“The
worst
earthquake”,
故用介词in。
【补偿训练】句子仿写(用适当的介词填空)
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )①The
man
________
whom
you
should
write
is
Mr
White.
②Do
you
still
remember
the
day
________
which
we
met
for
the
first
time
③He
lost
the
book
________
which
he
kept
many
telephone
numbers.
答案：①to
②on
③in
10.
【解析】that。考查名词性从句的引导词。引导一个表陈述的表语从句,
故用that。(共35张PPT)
Module
3
The
Violence
of
Nature
Reading
and
Vocabulary
(Ⅱ)
1.
Go
over
what
we
have
learned
last
class.
2.
Master
the
important
language
points
in
the
text.
Learning
aims
1.
Thousands
of
people
died
in
that
natural
d_______.
2.
Smoking
can
c_____
lung
cancer.
3.
The
river
had
burst
its
banks
and
f_______
the
valley.
4.
Tom
never
e__________
some
natural
disasters.
isaster
ause
looded
xperienced
根据首字母提示完成句子。
Leading-in
完成句子:
1.The
most
violent
have
winds
of
more
than
400
kilometres
________
(每小时).
2.
Tornadoes
can
_______
(卷起)
cars,
trains
and
even
houses
and
________________
(把它们扔下来)
in
the
next
street—or
even
in
the
next
town.
3.
__________
(平均起来),
there
are
800
tornadoes
in
the
US
each
year,
________
(引起)
about
80
deaths
and
1,500
injuries.
per
hour
pick
up
put
them
down
On
average
causing
1.
experience
vt.
经历
n.
(生活、工作)经验
(不可数)
；经历
(可数)
The
city
experienced
over
2,000
such
accidents
last
year.
去年这座城市发生了2
000多起这样的事故。
Language
Points
Please
tell
us
of
your
experiences
while
in
Africa.
请跟我们谈谈你在非洲的_____。
Have
you
had
any
experience
of
teaching
English
你有过教英语的_____吗
经历
经验
【拓展】
experienced
adj.
有经验的
have
experience
in/at
=be
experienced
in/at
在……方面有经验
from/by
experience
凭经验；从经验中(得出)
in
one’s
experience
据某人的经验看
Mr.
Li
is
quite
an
experienced
teacher.
李老师是一个很有经验的老师。
He
has
much
experience
in
teaching/working.
他教学/工作经验丰富。
From
my
own
experience,
I
know
how
difficult
the
work
will
be.
从我自己的经验看，我明白这项工作会有多难。
1.
Our
country
_______________great
changes
in
the
past
thirty
years.
我们的国家在过去的三十年里经历了巨大的变化。
2.
I'm
a
bit
_________________
about
life
than
Tom. 我比汤姆更有生活经验。
3.
(2016·天津高考）Failure
is
probably
_____________________________a
person
ever
has.
失败也许是一个人拥有的最令人疲惫的经历。
【即学即练】完成句子。
has
experienced
more experienced
the
most
exhausting
experience
2．occur
vi.发生，出现；(想法、念头等)想起，浮现
Almost
all
of
them
occur
in
the
US.
几乎所有的龙卷风都发生在美国。
They
say
that
the
traffic
accident
occurred
at
midnight.
他们说那起车祸是在午夜发生的。
That
idea
never
occurred
to
me.
我从未那样想过。
sth.
hits/strikes/occurs
to/comes
to
sb.
某事浮现在某人的脑海中；某人想到某事
It
occurs
to
sb.
that.../to
do…
某人想到……
Didn’t
it
occur
to
you
that
he
was
lying
你当时没想到他在撒谎吗？
It
occurred
to
me
to
visit
my
teacher.
我想去拜访我的老师。
【拓展】
【辨析】
occur/happen/take
place/break
out
这四个词(组)都含有“发生”的意思，都是不及物动词，没有
被动语态。
occur
既指突然发生也可指有计划的发生，在以具体事
物、事件作主语时，可与happen互换使用，表示在脑海中出现某种想法时用occur，不能用happen。
happen
是表示“发生”的最普通的用词，常用于句型：What
happened
to
sb./sth.？
某人/物发生了什么事？
take
place
发生了事先计划或预想到的事情。
break
out
指战争、灾难、疾病等突然发生。
【即学即练】
用occur/happen/take
place/break
out的适当形式填空。
1.
That
accident
__________
yesterday.
那起事故发生在昨天。
2.
The
meeting
_____________
at
8:
00
as
planned.
按计划会议在8点举行了。
3.
A
fire
_____________
during
the
night.
夜里失火了。
4.
A
brilliant
idea
_________
to
me.
我想到一个极好的主意。
happened
took
place
broke
out
occurred
3.
pick
up
Tornadoes
can
pick
up
cars,
trains
and
even
houses
and
put
them
down
in
the
next
street
—
or
even
in
the
next
town.
龙卷风能卷起汽车、火车，甚至房子，把它们卷到旁边的街道——甚至能卷到邻近的城镇。
The
bus
stopped
to
pick
up
the
passengers.
承载（客人、货物等），开车接……
He
picked
up
French
very
quickly
when
he
was
traveling
in
France.
（无意中，偶然）学得（知识，技巧）
猜测pick
up在下面句子中的意思。
Zhang
Liang
picked
up
the
shoes
for
the
old
man
again.
捡起，拿起
A
study
shows
that
students
living
in
non-smoking
dormitories
are
less
likely
to
pick
up
the
habit
of
smoking.
染上
My
radio
can
pick
up
BBC
English
and
VOA
English
easily.
接听,收听
4.
take
off
They
can
take
the
fur
off
the
back
of
a
cat
and
the
feathers
off
a
chicken.
龙卷风可以卷走猫背上的皮毛、鸡身上的羽毛。
(1)
脱掉
He
took
off
his
raincoat
and
took
out
the
key.
他脱下雨衣,拿出钥匙。
(2)
起飞；
突然成功
The
plane
will
take
off
soon.
飞机马上就要起飞了。
(3)
去掉,除去;
取消
The
show
had
to
be
taken
off
because
of
poor
audiences.
因观众太少演出不得不被取消。
(4)
休假
He
took
two
weeks
off
in
August.
他在八月份休了两个星期的假。
【拓展】关于take的短语
take
back
收回，接回，退回
take
down
写下，记下
take
in
吸收；理解
；欺骗；改小
take
on
呈现，显现，具有；承担或担任
take
over
接替，接管，继承
take
up
开始(学习或从事等)
；占去(时间或
空间)
3.（2013·辽宁高考）
Briggs
will
_________（接替）as
general
manager
when
Mitchell
retires.
【高考链接】完成句子。
1.(2016 江苏高考)Many
businesses
started
up
by
college
students
have
_________（成功）thanks
to
the
comfortable
climate
for
business
creation.
2.
(2015·陕西高考)Peter
will
_______（从事）his
post
as
the
head
of
the
travel
agency
at
the
end
of
next
month.
taken
off
take
up
take
over
5.
leave
vt.
让……(继续处于某种状态),可以接形容词、副词、分词、介词短语等作补语。
They
can
destroy
houses,
but
leave
the
furniture
inside
exactly
where
it
was.
它们能毁掉房子，却把房内的家具留在原处。
1.
I’m
sorry
I’ve
____________________.(没锁门)
2.
Don’t
leave
her
________________.
(在雨中等)
3.
His
illness
has
_____________________
.(使他很虚弱)
4.
You’d
better
_______________________________.
(把画室的门开着)
5.
You
mustn’t
____________________
.(瞒着他)
leave
him
in
the
dark
left
him
very
weak
waiting
in
the
rain
leave
the
drawing
room
door
open
完成句子
left
the
door
unlocked
6.
average
adj.平均的,
通常的
On
average,
there
are
800
tornadoes
in
the
US
each
year,
causing
about
80
deaths
and
1,500
injuries.
平均来说,美国每年发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1,500人受伤。
(1)
adj.平均的,
通常的
The
average
age
of
the
students
is
18.
学生的平均年龄是18岁。
The
car
was
sold
at
an
average
price
of
$10,000.
这种车平均销售价格是10,000美元。
(2)
vt.平均；求平均值
If
you
average
7,
14
and
6,
you
will
get
9.
如果你求7，14，6的平均值，你会得到9。
(3)
on
(an)
average
平均起来,
一般来说
On
average,
women
live
longer
than
men
but
men
earn
more
than
women.
一般来说，女士比男士活得久，但是男士挣得比女士挣得多。
【拓展】
above
average
在平均水平以上
below
average
在平均水平以下
with
the
average
of
平均为
His
income
is
well
above
average/
below
average.
他的收入大大高于/低于平均水平。
7.
of
all
time
有史以来
The
worst
tornado
of
all
time
occurred
in
1925.
有史以来最厉害的一次龙卷风发生在1925年。
【拓展】与time
有关的短语
all
the
time
一直
at
no
time
在任何时候决不
in
no
time
立刻，马上
in
time
for
…
及时
Similar
situations
occur
all
the
time.
类似的情况一直在发生。
Don’t
worry!
You’ll
be
a
great
driver
in
no
time.
别担心！你马上就会开得很好。
【即学即练】
He
is
one
of
the
greatest
musicians
_________.
他是历代最伟大的音乐家之一。
of
all
time
8.
The
worst
tornado
of
all
time
occurred
in
1925,
affecting
three
US
states:
Missouri,
Illinois
and
Indiana.
有史以来最严重的一次龙卷风发生在1925年，影响了美国的三个州：密苏里州、伊利诺伊州和印第安纳州。
affecting
three
US
states是现在分词短语作结果状语，和句子的主语之间是主动关系。
【辨析】affect/effect/influence
（1）affect
vt.
含有“对……产生不利影响”的意思
（2）
effect
n.
have
an
effect
on
对……有影响/产生作用
（3）influence
n.&
vt.
指“对行动、思想、性格等产
生潜移默化的影响”
9.
by
the
time
到……的时候
By
the
time
it
ended,
more
than
700
people
had
been
killed
and
2,700
had
been
injured.
等到风停时，已有700多人死亡，2,700多人受伤。
(1)
by
the
time
后接从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。
By
the
time
of
last
term,
we
had
finished
learning
Book
2.
到上学期期末，我们已经学完了Book
2。
(2)
by
the
time
后接从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时。
The
task
will
have
been
completed
by
the
time
you
come
back.
到你回来的时候，这项任务就会完成了。
10.
end
up
告终/结束
Coghlan’s
coffin
ended
up
in
the
sea.
科格伦的棺材最后被卷入了大海。
If
you
continue
to
steal
you’ll
end
up
in
prison.
你要是继续行窃终归会进监狱的。
【拓展】end
up
in
以……结果而告终
end
up
with
以……方式而结束
end
up
doing
sth.
最终做某事
You
could
end
up
running
this
company
if
you
play
your
cards
right.
你要是处理得当，到头来这个公司可能归你掌管。
The
English
party
began
with
an
English
song
and
ended
up
with
a
well-known
piano
music.
英语晚会以一首英语歌曲开始，以一首著名的钢琴曲而结束。
改错：1.
What
occurred
to
me
that
the
murder
It
happened
in
a
rainy
day.
on
2.
He
didn’t
work
hard,
but
to
everyone’s
surprise,
he
ended
up
with
successfully
in
his
new
job.
3.
She
is
a
teacher
of
much
experiences,
that
is
,
she
experience
is
very
experiencing
at
teaching.
experienced
Class
exercises
4.—
Why
were
you
late
this
morning
—
My
car
was
caught
in
a
traffic
jam,
caused
the
causing
delay.
5.
It
rained
heavy
in
the
south,
causing
serious
heavily
flooding
in
several
province.
provinces
Time
is
money.
时间就是金钱。Module
3
Violence
of
Nature
Period
2
Reading
and
Vocabulary
Ⅰ.
根据所给的汉语释义或首字母写出单词的正确形式
1.
Although
he
is
young,
he
is
an
__________
(有经验的)architect.
2.
As
a
matter
of
fact
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
drunken
driving
is
as
harmful
as
__________
(暴力的)crimes
to
people’s
life
and
safety.
3.
What
__________
(引起)the
accident
yesterday
4.
A
sudden
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )torm
__________
(发生)when
we
were
having
our
pleasant
voyage
in
the
Yellow
River.
5.
One
million
and
fiv
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
hundred
thousand
people
died
in
natural
d
between
1980
and
2000.
6.
He
has
to
give
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
up
basketball,
for
he
is
only
about
a
__________
height.
7.
In
1998,
the
f
_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_________
caused
by
five
days
of
heavy
rain
in
that
area
made
233,
000
people
homeless.
8.
People
standing
und
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er
a
tree
in
a
thunderstorm
are
likely
to
be
struck
by
l
__________
.
9.
Many
men
were
b
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__________
underground
when
there
was
an
accident
at
the
mine.
10.
A
stone
s
__________
the
little
boy
on
the
head.
答案：1.
experienced
2.
violent
3.
caused
4.
occurred
5.
disasters
6.
average
7.
floods
8.
lightning
9.
buried
10.
struck
Ⅱ.
用所给单词或短语的适当形式完成句子
be
buried
in end
up pick
up take
off on
average
1.
Ever
since
the
divorce,
she
____________________
her
work.
2.
The
ceremony
__________
with
fireworks.
3.
The
economy
is
finally
beginning
to
__________
again.
4.
____________
,
how
much
can
you
get
every
month
5.
Could
you
__
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )________
the
feather
of
the
chicken
for
me I’d
like
to
have
it
for
lunch.
答案：1.
has
been
buried
in
2.
ended
up
3.
pick
up
4.
On
average
5.
take
off
Ⅲ.
阅读理解
A
There
has
been
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
a
dramatic
increase
in
the
number
of
natural
disasters
over
the
past
few
years,
and
it
is
assumed
that
global
warming
and
climate
change
could
cause
even
more
disasters
in
the
future.
Some
of
the
world’s
leading
cities
are
facing
disasters
like
floods
and
heat
waves.
London
London’s
flood
defe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nces
are
getting
older.
Since
1982,
the
Thames
Barrier(水闸)has
protected
the
city
from
the
threat
of
flooding,
but
it
was
only
designed
to
last
until
2030
and
close
once
every
two
or
three
years.
About
26
years
later
the
barrier
now
closes
five
or
six
times
a
year
and
according
to
Environment
Agency
predictions,
by
2050
the
barrier
will
be
closed
on
almost
every
tide
if
the
problem
is
not
addressed.
There
are
26
under
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ground
stations,
400
schools,
16
hospitals,
an
airport
and
80
billion
worth
of
property
in
London’s
flood
risk
area,
so
large
scale
flooding
would
be
disastrous.
Paris
Over
a
six
we
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ek
period
in
July
and
August
2003,
more
than
11,
400—mainly
elderly
people—died
in
France
from
dehydration(脱水)and
extremely
high
body
temperature
in
a
deadly
heat
wave.
Heat
waves
of
similar
intensity(强度)are
expected
every
seven
years
by
2050,
so
what
can
be
done
to
make
sure
such
a
disaster
does
not
happen
again
One
solution
is
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )have
air-conditioners
installed
in
elderly
care
homes.
But
this
is
considered
a
short-term
solution,
as
the
increase
in
demand
for
electricity
also
increases
carbon
emissions(排放).
In
Paris
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )local
authorities
are
encouraging
architects
to
design
new
types
of
buildings
such
as
the
building“Flower
Tower”,
which
uses
a
covering
of
bamboo
to
act
as
a
natural
air-conditioner.
Shanghai
Shanghai
is
one
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f
the
fastest
growing
cities
on
Earth.
It
has
a
population
of
18
million
and
is
only
4
meters
above
sea
level.
Sea
levels
are
predicted
to
rise
by
20
cm
within
the
next
century.
An
estimated
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )250,
000
people
move
to
Shanghai
every
year
in
search
of
work,
placing
extra
demands
on
energy
consumption.
China
relies
heavily
on
coal-fired
power
stations,
but
these
emissions
increase
temperatures
and,
in
turn,
warmer
seas
increase
the
risk
of
typhoons.
【文章大意】近年来全球自然灾害的数
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )量剧增,
据预测,
在将来,
全球变暖,
气候变化将会导致更多的灾难。让我们看一看世界上的大城市将会面临什么样的灾难。
1.
What
problem
should
be
settled
now
in
London
A.
How
to
protect
the
city’s
property.
B.
Where
to
build
its
flood
defences.
C.
How
to
use
the
Thames
Barrier
to
protect
the
city.
D.
How
to
improve
the
function
of
the
old
flood
defences.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。由“London”部分的首句可知,
伦敦防水设施正在老化,
可推知D项正确。
2.
Which
of
the
follow
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing
measures
CAN’T
solve
the
heat
wave
disaster
in
Paris
A.
Putting
up
new
types
of
buildings
with
a
covering
of
bamboo.
B.
Having
air-conditioners
installed
in
elderly
care
homes.
C.
Forbidding
the
city
to
build“Flower
Tower”.
D.
Encouraging
architects
to
design
new
types
of
buildings.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )由.
.
.
encouraging
architects
to
design
new
types
of
buildings
such
as
the
building“Flower
Tower”可知是鼓励设计“Flower
Tower”式的建筑物而不是禁止。
3.
The
major
threats
to
Shanghai
are .
A.
increasing
population
and
coal-fired
power
stations
B.
rising
sea
levels
and
typhoons
C.
extremely
high
temperature
and
rising
sea
levels
D.
extra
demands
on
energy
consumption
and
typhoons
【解析】选B。细节理解题。由文章最后两
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段中的Sea
levels
are
predicted
to
rise.
.
.
和warmer
seas
increase
the
risk
of
typhoons可知上海面临的主要自然灾害是海平面上升和台风。
4.
The
purpose
of
the
passage
is .
A.
to
tell
us
how
to
protect
the
big
cities
B.
to
give
advice
on
how
to
defend
natural
disasters
C.
to
explain
what
causes
flood
and
heat
waves
D.
to
warn
us
of
the
increasing
natural
disasters
in
big
cities
【解析】选D。观点态度题。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )由文章第一段Some
of
the
world’s
leading
cities
are
facing
disasters
like
floods
and
heat
waves.
可知D项正确。
5.
Which
of
the
following
would
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage
A.
Big
Cities
Facing
Big
Disasters
B.
Big
Disasters
in
the
Future
C.
The
Increase
of
Natural
Disasters
D.
Solutions
to
Natural
Disasters
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。全文描述了世界各大城市将会面临的各种自然灾害,
故A项正确。
B
The
earthquake
af
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fected
the
students
of
the
destroyed
areas
in
many
ways:
losing
parents,
being
scared
and
feeling
lonely.
How
can
we
help
them Teens
reporter
talked
with
Lin
Dan,
the
program
director
of
the
Sunshine
in
Your
Heart
Project
at
the
Red
Cross
Society
of
China.
How
will
the
earthquake
affect
the
teenagers
mentally
They’ll
have
feelings
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
of
fear,
anger
and
feel
they
are
not
safe.
They
will
find
it
hard
to
focus.
They
will
tend
to
cry
and
shout
and
tremble.
And
they
might
be
afraid
to
be
alone.
What
will
happen
if
they
are
not
helped
The
teenagers
wi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll
find
it
hard
to
live
in
a
balanced
way.
If
things
get
worse,
they
might
not
be
able
to
focus
on
their
studies.
They
might
give
up
on
life.
How
can
we
help
them
overcome
these
problems
The
first
thing
is
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
build
up
trust
with
them.
Show
your
sympathy
and
sadness,
and
be
their
friends.
Then
you
have
to
give
them
a
sense
of
safety.
Tell
them
that
there’s
a
solution
to
every
problem.
Thirdly,
try
to
satisfy
their
psychological
needs.
Be
a
good
listener
if
he
or
she
needs
to
talk.
Some
of
them
were
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
not
directly
affected
by
the
quake
but
have
seen
images
on
TV
and
feel
scared.
What
should
they
do
Talk
with
an
adul
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
or
share
their
feelings
with
someone
who
might
feel
similar.
If
this
doesn’t
help,
then
they
should
see
a
doctor
for
professional
help.
【文章大意】文章主要论述了如何消除震后灾区的学生们的伤痛、恐惧等心理问题。
6.
What’s
the
best
title
of
the
passage
A.
The
Scare
Caused
by
the
Earthquake
B.
Dealing
with
the
Pain
Left
behind
after
the
Earthquake
C.
How
to
Get
a
Sense
of
Safety
D.
The
Psychological
Needs
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章主要论述了如何消除震后灾区学生们的伤痛、恐惧等心理问题,
故选B项。
7.
The
underlined
word
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“psychological”in
Paragraph
7
is
closest
in
meaning
to“ ”.
A.
mental
B.
physical
C.
material
D.
professional
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。文章主要
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )讲了地震给灾区的学生们造成的心理、精神问题以及如何消除这种心理、精神问题,
故我们也要尽力满足他们的心理或精神需求。mental精神的;
physical身体的,
物理的;
material物质的;
professional专业的。
8.
From
the
passage,
we
can
infer
that .
A.
the
scare
caused
by
the
earthquake
can
be
relieved
quickly
B.
seeing
a
doctor
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
is
the
most
important
measure
to
deal
with
the
problems
C.
the
images
on
TV
can
also
affect
people
and
even
cause
problems
D.
to
help
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m
overcome
these
problems,
we
should
always
talk
with
them
【解析】选C。推理判断题
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。根据文章倒数第二段中的Some
of
them
were
not
directly
affected
by
the
quake
but
have
seen
images
on
TV
and
feel
scared.
可知应选C。
9.
When
helping
them
overcome
the
problems,
we
need
not .
A.
build
up
trust
with
them
B.
give
them
a
sense
of
safety
C.
solve
every
problem
they
have
for
them
D.
be
a
good
listener
if
they
need
to
talk
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第七段
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可知C项与“Tell
them
that
there’s
a
solution
to
every
problem.
”不符。
Ⅳ.
阅读填句
根据短文内容,
从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The
right
pair
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )exercise
shoes
can
do
a
lot
to
prevent
discomfort
and
injuries,
personal
trainers
say.
Here
are
some
shopping
tips:
1 Depending
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
your
workout,
shoes
designed
for
walking,
running,
tennis,
cross-training
or
another
specialty
will
provide
the
best
support
for
your
feet.
Shop
when
you
normally
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
exercise.
Feet
actually
get
bigger
throughout
the
day,
sometimes
swelling
up
as
much
as
a
halfsize
by
nighttime.
2
Try
them
on.
Never
gr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ab
a
pair
of
exercise
shoes
based
only
on
the
size
of
footwear
you
normally
buy.
Bring
the
type
of
socks
you’d
wear
to
work
out
and
go
for
a
walk
through
the
store.
3 You
should
be
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
able
to
spread
your
toes
out
comfortably.
Make
sure
there’s
about
a
half
inch
of
space
between
them
and
the
front
of
the
shoe.
The
back
should
fit
snugly(warmly
and
comfortably)against
your
heel
and
not
move
up
and
down.
If
your
feet
are
different
sizes,
buy
based
on
the
larger
one.
Talk
to
an
ex
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pert.
Shoe
salesmen
and
personal
trainers
can
study
your
stride(步伐)and
the
shape
of
your
feet.
4
5 Many
trainers
re
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )commend
switching
footwear
every
three
to
five
months,
if
possible,
to
maintain(保持)proper
cushioning
and
support.
One
tip:
if
you
have
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
to
tie
your
shoes
very
tightly
to
feel
a
good
amount
of
support,
they
may
be
ready
to
go.
A.
Think
about
how
much
you
can
afford
to
buy
the
workout
shoes.
B.
Consider
your
type
of
exercise.
C.
Focus
on
fit.
D.
So
don’t
sh
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )op
first
in
the
morning
if
you
often
work
out
in
the
evening.
E.
Pay
more
attention
to
new
style
shoes.
F.
Replace
worn
shoes
regularly.
G.
Usually
they
can
re
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )commend
the
best
shoes
to
guard
against
injuries.
答案:
1~5.
BDCGF(共29张PPT)
Module
3
The
Violence
of
Nature
Cultural
Corner
Master
some
important
words,
phrases
and
sentence
structures
in
the
passage.
Improve
students’
ability
in
reading
for
specific
information.
3.
Let
the
students
know
more
about
the
natural
disasters
and
pay
more
attention
to
protecting
our
environment.
Learning
aims
Earthquakes
around
the
Pacific
Leading-in
1976年7月28日我国河北省唐山市发生了7.8级地震，死亡242,769人，重伤16.4万人。
Fast
reading
Scan
the
text
quickly
to
get
the
structure
of
the
passage.
Part
1
(Para.____
):
There
are
many
earthquakes
in
the
world.
Part
2
(Para.
_____
):
The
worst
ever
earthquake
in
China.
Part
3
(Paras.
______):
The
worst
ever
earthquake
in
the
USA
and
its
cause.
1
2
3-5
Listen
and
answer
the
questions.
1.
Where
was
the
worst
Chinese
earthquake
2.
What
was
the
most
dangerous
thing
about
the
California
Earthquake
of
1906
3.
Is
it
possible
that
there
could
be
another
earthquake
It
was
in
Hua
County
in
Shaanxi
Province.
The
fires
that
started.
Yes,
it
is.
Careful
Reading
Read
the
passage
carefully
and
fill
in
the
form.
Location
Time
Damage
________eight
provinces
________an
area
of
800
square
km.___________________，
60%
of
the
population
______
killed
.
_______,
830,000
people
_______________.
Cause
China
is
___________
one
of
the
most
active
earthquake
regions.
Hua
County
in
Shaanxi
Province
In
1556
Affected
covered
were
In
all
lost
their
lives
situated
in
1.The
most
serious
earthquake
in
China
In
some
communities
总共
丧生
Location
Time
Damage
Fires
______
by
the
earthquake
did
the
most
________.The
fires
_________
25,000
buildings.250,000
people
were
made
________.
In
the
______of
California,
the
earthquake
and
fires_______
about
3,000
deaths.
Cause
Caused
by
a
__________
on
the
San
Andreas
Fault.
California
The
18th
of
April,
1906
caused
damage
destroyed
homeless
whole
caused
movement
2.The
worst
earthquake
in
the
USA
Hua
County
California
terrible
earthquakes
occur
affect
cover
be
killed
in
all
lose
one’s
life
the
worst
earthquake
the
fires
burn
destroy
be
killed
be
made
homeless
cause…deaths
3.Find
the
useful
words
and
phrases
used
to
describe
the
earthquakes
Discuss
in
groups:
What
can
you
do
if
there
is
an
earthquake
in
your
town
Language
points
1.
active
adj.活跃的,
积极的,
起作用的,
灵活的
Ms.
Brown
is
active
in
the
party.
布朗女士在晚会上很活跃。
Mount
Vesuvius
is
an
active
volcano.
维苏威火山是一座活火山。
We
should
take
an
active
part
in
extra-curricular
activities.
我们应该积极参加课外活动。
【归纳】
be
active
in
...
在……方面积极，活跃
take
an
active
part
in
积极参加……
【拓展】
action
n.
动作,
作用,
战斗,
行动,
举动,
行为
Actions
speak
louder
than
words.
行动胜于空谈。
The
quick
action
of
the
firemen
saved
the
building
from
being
burned
down.
消防队员行动及时,该建筑物免遭焚毁。
take
action
采取行动
We
have
to
take
action
to
stop
them.
我们得采取行动来制止他们。
【即学即练】
翻译句子
1.
He
became
an
active
social
reformer.
2.
我们必须马上采取行动。
他成了一位积极的社会改革家。
We
need
to
take
action
right
away.
2.damage
(1)
vt.
&
vi.
损害,
毁坏,
加害于
This
coat
damages
easily.
这件外套很容易坏。
A
big
fire
has
damaged
the
school
houses.
一场大火毁坏了学校的房子
。
(2)
[U]损害;损失
cause/do
damage
to
对……造成损害
The
earthquake
caused
great
damage
to
the
people.
地震给人们造成了极大的损害。
【即学即练】
翻译句子
1.暴风雨造成了重大损失。
2.
吸烟有损你的健康。
The
storm
caused
serious
damage.
Smoking
can
do
damage
to
your
health.
3.
in
all
总共
We
were
fifty
in
all.
我们总共五十人。
There
are
thirty
in
all
in
the
party
who
will
travel
to
Lanzhou.
旅游团中赴兰州的总共有30人。
【辨析】
above
all；after
all；first
of
all；in
all用法辨析
①
above
all
意为“最重要的是；尤其是”，强调要
引起特别注意。例如：
We
must
work，and
above
all
we
must
believe
in
ourselves.我们必须工作,最重要的是我们必须相信自己。
②
after
all
意为“毕竟；终究；到底”，表示让步。
He
is
certain
to
come.
After
all,
he's
already
accepted
the
invitation.
他肯定来，他毕竟已接受了邀请。
③
first
of
all
意为“首先”，强调次序。例如：
First
of
all,
let
me
introduce
myself
to
you.
首先，让我做个自我介绍。
④
in
all
意为“总共；总计”=in
total。例如：
There
are
fifty
in
all
in
the
party.
这个团总共有50人。
【即学即练】选词填空(above
all\after
all\in
all)
1.—
How
much
will
it
cost
me
to
post
the
present
—
It’s
120
yuan
_________,
postage
included.
2.
First
impressions
are
the
most
lasting.
________,
you
never
get
a
second
chance
to
make
a
first
impression.
3.
He
was_________
a
good
and
tireless
writer.
in
all
After
all
above
all
4.
cover
作动词的意思有：①包含，包括；②覆盖，遮盖；③走过（……行程）；④占地面积；⑤负担，支付(开支等)
；⑥采访，报道。
猜测cover在以下句子中的意思：
(1)
Our
school
covers
an
area
of
80
acres._________
(2)
How
far
can
we
cover
a
day
_______________
(3)
Will
10,000
dollars
cover
the
bill
____________
(4)
I’m
covering
the
election
campaign.
__________
(5)
Secondary
school
covers
seven
years.
__________
(6)
Cover
your
eyes
with
your
hands.
_____________
占地面积
走过（……行程）
负担，支付
采访，报道
包含，包括
覆盖，遮盖
5.
About
500
people
were
killed
in
the
city
of
San
Francisco
and
250,000
were
made
homeless.
在旧金山市大约有500人丧生，25万人无家可归。
make是及物动词，意思为“使得……”
【拓展】make
+
sb.
+
n.
/
adj.
/
done
/
do
/介词短语
(1)
She
will
make
him
a
good
husband.
(2)
You
should
try
hard
to
make
your
mother
happy.
(3)
I
am
afraid
I
can’t
make
myself
understood.
(4)
Don’t
be
worried.
I
will
make
Lily
do
it.
(5)
Make
yourself
at
home.
Homework
Go
over
what
we
have
learned
in
this
module
and
recite
the
language
points!
No
pains,
no
gains.
不劳则无获。Module
3
Viole
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nce
of
Nature
Period
1
Introduction
Reading
and
Vocabulary
Ⅰ.
根据所给的汉语释义或首字母写出单词的正确形式
1.
Although
he
is
young,
he
is
an
__________
(有经验的)architect.
2.
As
a
matter
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f
fact,
drunken
driving
is
as
harmful
as
__________
(暴力的)crimes
to
people’s
life
and
safety.
3.
What
__________
(引起)the
accident
yesterday
4.
A
sudden
storm
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__________
(发生)when
we
were
having
our
pleasant
voyage
in
the
Yellow
River.
5.
One
million
and
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
five
hundred
thousand
people
died
in
natural
d
between
1980
and
2000.
6.
He
has
to
give
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
up
basketball,
for
he
is
only
about
a
__________
height.
7.
In
1998,
the
f
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__________
caused
by
five
days
of
heavy
rain
in
that
area
made
233,
000
people
homeless.
8.
People
standin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g
under
a
tree
in
a
thunderstorm
are
likely
to
be
struck
by
l
__________
.
9.
Many
men
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )were
b
__________
underground
when
there
was
an
accident
at
the
mine.
10.
A
stone
s
__________
the
little
boy
on
the
head.
答案：1.
experienced
2.
violent
3.
caused
4.
occurred
5.
disasters
6.
average
7.
floods
8.
lightning
9.
buried
10.
struck
Ⅱ.
用所给单词或短语的适当形式完成句子
be
buried
in end
up pick
up take
off on
average
1.
Ever
since
the
divorce,
she
____________________
her
work.
2.
The
ceremony
__________
with
fireworks.
3.
The
economy
is
finally
beginning
to
__________
again.
4.
____________
,
how
much
can
you
get
every
month
5.
Could
you
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__________
the
feather
of
the
chicken
for
me I’d
like
to
have
it
for
lunch.
答案：1.
has
been
buried
in
2.
ended
up
3.
pick
up
4.
On
average
5.
take
off
Ⅲ.
阅读理解
A
There
has
been
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
dramatic
increase
in
the
number
of
natural
disasters
over
the
past
few
years,
and
it
is
assumed
that
global
warming
and
climate
change
could
cause
even
more
disasters
in
the
future.
Some
of
the
world’s
leading
cities
are
facing
disasters
like
floods
and
heat
waves.
London
London’s
flood
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )defences
are
getting
older.
Since
1982,
the
Thames
Barrier(水闸)has
protected
the
city
from
the
threat
of
flooding,
but
it
was
only
designed
to
last
until
2030
and
close
once
every
two
or
three
years.
About
26
years
later
the
barrier
now
closes
five
or
six
times
a
year
and
according
to
Environment
Agency
predictions,
by
2050
the
barrier
will
be
closed
on
almost
every
tide
if
the
problem
is
not
addressed.
There
are
26
und
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erground
stations,
400
schools,
16
hospitals,
an
airport
and
80
billion
worth
of
property
in
London’s
flood
risk
area,
so
large
scale
flooding
would
be
disastrous.
Paris
Over
a
six
week
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
period
in
July
and
August
2003,
more
than
11,
400—mainly
elderly
people—died
in
France
from
dehydration(脱水)and
extremely
high
body
temperature
in
a
deadly
heat
wave.
Heat
waves
of
similar
intensity(强度)are
expected
every
seven
years
by
2050,
so
what
can
be
done
to
make
sure
such
a
disaster
does
not
happen
again
One
solution
is
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
have
air-conditioners
installed
in
elderly
care
homes.
But
this
is
considered
a
short-term
solution,
as
the
increase
in
demand
for
electricity
also
increases
carbon
emissions(排放).
In
Paris
the
loc
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al
authorities
are
encouraging
architects
to
design
new
types
of
buildings
such
as
the
building“Flower
Tower”,
which
uses
a
covering
of
bamboo
to
act
as
a
natural
air-conditioner.
Shanghai
Shanghai
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )one
of
the
fastest
growing
cities
on
Earth.
It
has
a
population
of
18
million
and
is
only
4
meters
above
sea
level.
Sea
levels
are
predicted
to
rise
by
20
cm
within
the
next
century.
An
estimated
250,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )000
people
move
to
Shanghai
every
year
in
search
of
work,
placing
extra
demands
on
energy
consumption.
China
relies
heavily
on
coal-fired
power
stations,
but
these
emissions
increase
temperatures
and,
in
turn,
warmer
seas
increase
the
risk
of
typhoons.
【文章大意】近年来全球自然灾害的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )数量剧增,
据预测,
在将来,
全球变暖,
气候变化将会导致更多的灾难。让我们看一看世界上的大城市将会面临什么样的灾难。
1.
What
problem
should
be
settled
now
in
London
A.
How
to
protect
the
city’s
property.
B.
Where
to
build
its
flood
defences.
C.
How
to
use
the
Thames
Barrier
to
protect
the
city.
D.
How
to
improve
the
function
of
the
old
flood
defences.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。由“London”部分的首句可知,
伦敦防水设施正在老化,
可推知D项正确。
2.
Which
of
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )following
measures
CAN’T
solve
the
heat
wave
disaster
in
Paris
A.
Putting
up
new
types
of
buildings
with
a
covering
of
bamboo.
B.
Having
air-conditioners
installed
in
elderly
care
homes.
C.
Forbidding
the
city
to
build“Flower
Tower”.
D.
Encouraging
architects
to
design
new
types
of
buildings.
【解析】选C。细节理解题
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。由.
.
.
encouraging
architects
to
design
new
types
of
buildings
such
as
the
building“Flower
Tower”可知是鼓励设计“Flower
Tower”式的建筑物而不是禁止。
3.
The
major
threats
to
Shanghai
are .
A.
increasing
population
and
coal-fired
power
stations
B.
rising
sea
levels
and
typhoons
C.
extremely
high
temperature
and
rising
sea
levels
D.
extra
demands
on
energy
consumption
and
typhoons
【解析】选B。细节理解题。由文
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )章最后两段中的Sea
levels
are
predicted
to
rise.
.
.
和warmer
seas
increase
the
risk
of
typhoons可知上海面临的主要自然灾害是海平面上升和台风。
4.
The
purpose
of
the
passage
is .
A.
to
tell
us
how
to
protect
the
big
cities
B.
to
give
advice
on
how
to
defend
natural
disasters
C.
to
explain
what
causes
flood
and
heat
waves
D.
to
warn
us
of
the
increasing
natural
disasters
in
big
cities
【解析】选D。观点态度题。由文
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )章第一段Some
of
the
world’s
leading
cities
are
facing
disasters
like
floods
and
heat
waves.
可知D项正确。
5.
Which
of
the
following
would
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage
A.
Big
Cities
Facing
Big
Disasters
B.
Big
Disasters
in
the
Future
C.
The
Increase
of
Natural
Disasters
D.
Solutions
to
Natural
Disasters
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。全文描述了世界各大城市将会面临的各种自然灾害,
故A项正确。
B
The
earthquake
af
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fected
the
students
of
the
destroyed
areas
in
many
ways:
losing
parents,
being
scared
and
feeling
lonely.
How
can
we
help
them Teens
reporter
talked
with
Lin
Dan,
the
program
director
of
the
Sunshine
in
Your
Heart
Project
at
the
Red
Cross
Society
of
China.
How
will
the
earthquake
affect
the
teenagers
mentally
They’ll
have
feeling
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
of
fear,
anger
and
feel
they
are
not
safe.
They
will
find
it
hard
to
focus.
They
will
tend
to
cry
and
shout
and
tremble.
And
they
might
be
afraid
to
be
alone.
What
will
happen
if
they
are
not
helped
The
teenagers
wi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll
find
it
hard
to
live
in
a
balanced
way.
If
things
get
worse,
they
might
not
be
able
to
focus
on
their
studies.
They
might
give
up
on
life.
How
can
we
help
them
overcome
these
problems
The
first
thing
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to
build
up
trust
with
them.
Show
your
sympathy
and
sadness,
and
be
their
friends.
Then
you
have
to
give
them
a
sense
of
safety.
Tell
them
that
there’s
a
solution
to
every
problem.
Thirdly,
try
to
satisfy
their
psychological
needs.
Be
a
good
listener
if
he
or
she
needs
to
talk.
Some
of
them
were
no
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
directly
affected
by
the
quake
but
have
seen
images
on
TV
and
feel
scared.
What
should
they
do
Talk
with
an
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dult
or
share
their
feelings
with
someone
who
might
feel
similar.
If
this
doesn’t
help,
then
they
should
see
a
doctor
for
professional
help.
【文章大意】文章主要论述了如何消除震后灾区的学生们的伤痛、恐惧等心理问题。
6.
What’s
the
best
title
of
the
passage
A.
The
Scare
Caused
by
the
Earthquake
B.
Dealing
with
the
Pain
Left
behind
after
the
Earthquake
C.
How
to
Get
a
Sense
of
Safety
D.
The
Psychological
Needs
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章主要论述了如何消除震后灾区学生们的伤痛、恐惧等心理问题,
故选B项。
7.
The
under
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lined
word“psychological”in
Paragraph
7
is
closest
in
meaning
to“ ”.
A.
mental
B.
physical
C.
material
D.
professional
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。文章主要讲了地
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )震给灾区的学生们造成的心理、精神问题以及如何消除这种心理、精神问题,
故我们也要尽力满足他们的心理或精神需求。mental精神的;
physical身体的,
物理的;
material物质的;
professional专业的。
8.
From
the
passage,
we
can
infer
that .
A.
the
scare
caused
by
the
earthquake
can
be
relieved
quickly
B.
seeing
a
doctor
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is
the
most
important
measure
to
deal
with
the
problems
C.
the
images
on
TV
can
also
affect
people
and
even
cause
problems
D.
to
help
them
ove
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rcome
these
problems,
we
should
always
talk
with
them
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )章倒数第二段中的Some
of
them
were
not
directly
affected
by
the
quake
but
have
seen
images
on
TV
and
feel
scared.
可知应选C。
9.
When
helping
them
overcome
the
problems,
we
need
not .
A.
build
up
trust
with
them
B.
give
them
a
sense
of
safety
C.
solve
every
problem
they
have
for
them
D.
be
a
good
listener
if
they
need
to
talk
【解析】选C。细节理解题。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据文章第七段可知C项与“Tell
them
that
there’s
a
solution
to
every
problem.
”不符。
Ⅳ.
阅读填句
根据短文内容,
从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The
right
pair
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
exercise
shoes
can
do
a
lot
to
prevent
discomfort
and
injuries,
personal
trainers
say.
Here
are
some
shopping
tips:
1 Depending
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
your
workout,
shoes
designed
for
walking,
running,
tennis,
cross-training
or
another
specialty
will
provide
the
best
support
for
your
feet.
Shop
when
you
norma
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lly
exercise.
Feet
actually
get
bigger
throughout
the
day,
sometimes
swelling
up
as
much
as
a
halfsize
by
nighttime.
2
Try
them
on.
Never
gr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ab
a
pair
of
exercise
shoes
based
only
on
the
size
of
footwear
you
normally
buy.
Bring
the
type
of
socks
you’d
wear
to
work
out
and
go
for
a
walk
through
the
store.
3 You
shoul
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
be
able
to
spread
your
toes
out
comfortably.
Make
sure
there’s
about
a
half
inch
of
space
between
them
and
the
front
of
the
shoe.
The
back
should
fit
snugly(warmly
and
comfortably)against
your
heel
and
not
move
up
and
down.
If
your
feet
are
different
sizes,
buy
based
on
the
larger
one.
Talk
to
an
expert.
Sho
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
salesmen
and
personal
trainers
can
study
your
stride(步伐)and
the
shape
of
your
feet.
4
5 Many
trainer
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
recommend
switching
footwear
every
three
to
five
months,
if
possible,
to
maintain(保持)proper
cushioning
and
support.
One
tip:
if
you
have
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
to
tie
your
shoes
very
tightly
to
feel
a
good
amount
of
support,
they
may
be
ready
to
go.
A.
Think
about
how
much
you
can
afford
to
buy
the
workout
shoes.
B.
Consider
your
type
of
exercise.
C.
Focus
on
fit.
D.
So
don’t
shop
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
first
in
the
morning
if
you
often
work
out
in
the
evening.
E.
Pay
more
attention
to
new
style
shoes.
F.
Replace
worn
shoes
regularly.
G.
Usually
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ey
can
recommend
the
best
shoes
to
guard
against
injuries.
答案:
1~5.
BDCGF(共82张PPT)
Module
3 The
Violence
of
Nature
Period
4
Integrating
Skills要点讲解课
Ⅰ.
写出黑体单词在句中的含义
1.
She
prepared
for
all
possibilities
by
taking
a
sunhat,
a
raincoat
and
a
woolly
scarf.
(
)
2.
No
one
has
given
out
a
warning
of
the
imminent
danger.
(
)
3.
Our
hotel
has
a
worldwide
reputation
for
good
service.
(
)
可能性
警告
世界范围的
4.
That
must
have
been
a
terrifying
experience
for
you.
(
)
5.
Applicants
for
the
job
must
have
previous
experience.
(
)
6.
The
bad
weather
ruined
our
trip.
(
)
7.
The
volcano
sent
clouds
of
smoke
into
the
air.
(
)
8.
He
takes
an
active
part
in
the
school
activities.
(
)
可怕的
先前的
破坏
火山
积极的
9.
There
was
a
fire
in
the
building,
but
thankfully
no
one
was
hurt.
(
)
10.
The
flood
did
a
lot
of
damage
to
the
crops.
(
)
谢天谢地
损害
Ⅱ.
选择适当的短语填空(注意形式变化)
catch
fire,
manage
to,
put
out,
fall
down,
be
situated
in,
in
all,
cover
an
area
of,
wake
up,
come
out
of,
set
fire
to
1.
There
were
twenty
people
_____
at
the
meeting.
2.
Our
school
_______________
3,
000square
meters.
3.
That
village
___________
the
north
of
the
city.
4.
The
old
house
soon
________.
in
all
covers
an
area
of
is
situated
in
fell
down
5.
Do
you
think
you
can
_________
get
us
some
tickets
6.
The
police
haven’t
found
out
who
________
the
storehouse.
7.
They
saw
a
young
woman
__________
the
house
to
hang
clothes
on
a
line.
8.
At
last
firemen
_______
a
big
forest
fire
in
California.
9.
His
house
__________
last
night.
10.
Please
_____
me
___
at6:
00tomorrow
morning.
manage
to
set
fire
to
come
out
of
put
out
caught
fire
wake
up
Ⅲ.
阅读Earthquakes
Around
the
Pacific,
匹配段落大意
Para.
1
a.
The
reason
of
the
California
Earthquake
of
the18th
of
April1906
Para.
2
b.
The
result
of
the
California
Earthquake
Para.
3
c.
The
number
of
earthquakes
a
year
worldwide
Para.
4 d.
The
worst
earthquake
in
China
Para.
5
e.
The
worst
natural
disaster
in
American
history
答案:
Para.
1—c Para.
2—d Para.
3—e Para.
4—b
Para.
5—a
1.
possibility
n.
可能;
可能性
※When
the
lava
reached
the
sea,
there
was
the
possibility
of
a
huge
tidal
wave
which
could
flood
half
the
island.
当岩浆到达海上时,
有可能巨大的潮汐海浪把半个岛屿都淹没了。
※There
is
no
possibility
that
he
will
pass
the
exam.
他不可能通过考试。
※There
is
a
possibility
that
the
plane
will
take
off
ahead
of
time.
飞机有可能提前起飞。
※It
is
possible
for
him
to
fail
in
the
exam.
他有可能考试失败。
【自我归纳】
①there
is
a
(the)
possibility
of/that
_____________
②there
is
no
possibility
that
_______________
③possible
adj.
_______
④It
is
possible
to
do
___________
有……的可能
没有……的可能
可能的
有……可能
【活学活用】
1.
①看来可能会成功的。
____
_________
__
success
seems
to
come
true.
②只有用这种方法才能说服他。
Only
by
this
means
__
__
_______
to
persuade
him.
The
possibility
of
is
it
possible
一句多译。
③下学期她可能当我们的英语老师。
a.
There
is
a
_________
____
she’ll
be
our
English
teacher
next
term.
b.
It
is
_______
for
her
to
be
our
English
teacher
next
term.
possibility
that
possible
2.
put
out扑灭(火)
put
out还可表示:
出版;
生产;
长出;
伸出。试判断下
列各句中put
out的意义。
①We
put
all
the
fires
out.
(
)
②Put
out
your
tongue
and
say“Ah”.
(
)
③This
kind
of
bike
is
put
out
in
Tianjin.
(
)
④They
put
out
his
new
novel
last
month.
(
)
扑灭
伸出
生产
出版
⑤Most
plants
put
out
new
leaves
and
branches
in
spring.
(
)
长出
【易混辨析】
put
out
及物动词短语,
表示“扑灭(火);
关(灯)”等,
其后必须跟宾语
go
out
不及物动词短语,
表示“自行熄灭”,
其后不能跟宾语,
无被动形式
【知识延伸】
put
forward 提出(意见、建议)
put
off
延期,
推迟
put
away
收好,
储存(钱)
put
back
放回原处,
拨慢
put
down
写下,
记下
put
on
穿上,
增加
put
up
举起,
搭建
put
up
with
忍受
put
in
放入;
加入
【活学活用】
2.
①Far
water
does
not
put
out
near
fire.
译:
_________________
远水救不了近火。
②用适当的介、副词填空。
a.
Never
put
___
till
tomorrow
what
may
be
done
today.
b.
I’m
having
a
party
next
Saturday;
put
it
_____
in
your
notebook
so
you
will
not
forget
it.
c.
She’s
got
a
few
thousand
pounds
put
_____
for
her
retirement.
d.
You’d
better
put
___
your
coat,
for
it’s
getting
colder.
off
down
away
on
e.
(2013·全国卷Ⅰ)At
the
last
moment,
Tom
decided
to
put
__
a
new
character
to
make
the
story
seem
more
likely.
in
3.
damage
n.
&
v.
损失;
损害
※Fires
caused
by
the
California
Earthquake
did
the
most
damage.
加利福尼亚地震引起的火灾造成的损失最多。
(2015·北京高考)Most
of
transparent
animals
are
extremely
delicate
and
can
be
damaged
by
a
simple
touch.
大多数透明动物特别脆弱,
轻轻触摸都会对它们造成伤害。
※Reading
in
bed
does
great
damage
to
your
eyes.
躺在床上看书对你的眼睛非常有害。
(do/cause
damage
to意为:
_______________)
对……造成损害
【易混辨析】
damage
指程度较小的“破坏”“损坏”,
一般指被破坏的物品可以重新修复
destroy
常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏”“毁坏”,
程度较深
ruin
指严重的以至于不能修复的“破坏”,
但这种破坏不指毁灭某物,
而是指长期损坏的结果。它也可用来表示抽象概念
【活学活用】
3.
①这次大雨没有对农作物造成很大的损失。
The
heavy
rain
didn’t
___
_____
_______
__
the
crops.
选择damage/destroy/ruin填空。
②The
earthquake
_________
almost
the
entire
city.
③You’ll
____
your
health
if
you
go
on
like
this.
④The
car
was
only
slightly
________
in
the
accident.
do
great
damage
to
destroyed
ruin
damaged
⑤(2013·辽宁高考)The
accident
caused
some
damage
in
my
car,
but
it’s
nothing
serious.
(单句改错)
______
in→to
4.
The
California
Earthquake
of
the
18th
of
April
1906
is
the
worst
earthquake
that
has
ever
happened
in
the
United
States.
(P29)1906年4月18日的加利福尼亚地震是美国发生过的最严重的一次地震。
【句型剖析】
(1)句中that引导的是定语从句,
先行词是
________
__________。
(2)当先行词被the
only,
the
very,
the
right,
the
last等
修饰时,
必须用____。
①He
is
the
only
one
____
swims
across
the
river.
他是唯一一个游过这条河的人。
the
worst
earthquake
that
that
②The
first
thing
____
you
could
do
was
turn
off
the
light.
你首先要做的就是熄灭灯。
③This
is
the
very
factory
____
they
visited
last
summer
holiday.
这恰好是他们去年暑假参观的那个工厂。
that
that
【知识延伸】只用that而不用which引导定语从句的其他情况:
①当先行词是不定代词all,
few,
anything,
everything,
none,
nothing等,
或先行词被all,
any,
few,
no,
little等词修饰时。
②当先行词中既有人又有物时。
Is
there
anything
that
you
want
to
buy
in
the
shop
你在商店里有什么东西要买吗
I
can
remember
the
persons
and
pictures
that
I
saw
in
the
room.
我能记得我在那个房间所见到的人和照片。
【活学活用】
4.
①这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛。
This
is
___
_____
exciting
football
game
____
I
have
ever
seen.
②他几乎没有回答老师的那些问题。
He
answered
____
questions
____
the
teacher
asked.
the
most
that
few
that
③他们正在谈论在工厂里看到的人和事。
They
were
talking
about
the
_______
and
______
____
they
saw
in
the
factory.
④我唯一想看的书《岛上书店》不见了。
The
Storied
Life
of
A.
J.
Fikry,
___
____
book
____
I
want
to
read,
is
missing.
persons
things
that
the
only
that
⑤(2014·陕西高考)Please
send
us
all
the
information
which
you
have
about
the
candidate
for
the
position.
(单句改错)
___________
which→that
【备选要点】
1.
ruin
vt.
毁坏
※She
returned
home
and
found
all
her
furniture
had
been
ruined
by
the
flood.
她回到家,
发现所有的家具都被洪水毁坏了。
※The
heavy
rain
ruined
our
plan.
大雨使我们的计划泡汤了。
※After
the
earthquake
many
houses
were
in
ruins
in
Kyushu
region
in
Japan.
地震过后,
日本九州地区很多房子变成一片废墟。
※After
that,
the
empire
came
to
ruin.
在那之后,
整个帝国走向毁灭。
【自我归纳】
①ruin
vt.
除“毁坏”外,
还表示:
_______
____________
n.
__________
②in
ruins
_________
③come/go/run
to
ruin=fall
into
ruin
____________________
使计划
等泡汤,
破产
毁灭;
废墟
成为废墟
毁灭,
灭亡;
崩溃,
瓦解
【活学活用】
1.
①多年的战事使得这个地区满目疮痍。
Years
of
fighting
left
the
area
__
_____.
②不幸的是,
暴风雨毁坏了庄稼,
也就毁掉了农民们的
希望。
Unfortunately,
the
storm
______
___
_____,
destroying
the
hope
of
farmers.
in
ruins
ruined
the
crops
③She
wasn’t
going
to
let
her
plans
go
to
ruin.
译:
_________________________
④The
city
was
reduced
to
ruins.
译:
___________________
她不会让她的计划泡汤的。
那座城市化为废墟。
2.
warning
n.
警告
※Luckily,
we
had
plenty
of
warnings.
幸运的是,
我们得到了足够的警告。
※The
doctor
warned
him
of
the
dangers
of
smoking.
医生警告他吸烟的危险。
※He
warned
me
against
pickpockets.
他警告我提防扒手。
※The
policeman
warned
him
against
crossing
the
road
at
that
place.
=The
policeman
warned
him
not
to
cross
the
road
at
that
place.
警察提醒他不要在那个地方横穿马路。
※Children
must
be
warned
to
stay
away
from
main
roads.
必须警告孩子们远离交通要道。
※I
warned
them
that
there
might
be
snakes
in
the
woods.
我提醒他们树林里可能有蛇。
【自我归纳】
①______________
提醒某人某事
②warn
sb.
_______
sb.
/sth.
/_____
sth.
提醒某人提防某人/某事/不要做某事
③warn
sb.
(not)
________
警告某人(不)做某事
④warn
sb.
that-clause
_______________________
________________
warn
sb.
of
sth.
against
doing
to
do
sth.
提醒或预先通知某人……
(以免着急或惊讶)
【活学活用】
2.
①没有发出警告,
士兵就向人群开枪了。
________
________,
the
soldiers
started
firing
into
the
crowd.
②镇上的居民预先得到通知说可能有地震。
The
town’s
people
have
been
_______
__
a
possible
earthquake.
Without
warning
warned
of
③我提醒你天气会变得很冷的。
I
_____
you
it’s
going
to
be
very
cold.
warn
句型转换。
④The
doctor
warned
the
patient
not
to
smoke.
→The
doctor
warned
the
patient
_______
________.
→The
doctor
warned
that
the
patient
______
___
______.
单句语法填空。
⑤The
gatekeeper
warned
me
__
___
(put)
the
motorbike
farther
from
the
shop.
against
smoking
should
not
smoke
to
put
3.
set
fire
to放火(焚烧)……
※Ash
and
lava
poured
down
the
mountain,
setting
fire
to
hundreds
of
houses.
火山灰和岩浆从山上倾泻下来,
点燃了数百所房子。
※(2014·天津高考)The
basement
caught
fire
by
accident.
地下室偶然着火了。
※When
they
got
there,
the
house
had
been
on
fire
for
half
an
hour.
他们到达那里时,
房子烧了半个小时了。
【自我归纳】
①________着重强调动作,
等于set.
.
.
on
fire
②_________着火(着重强调动作)
③_________烧着(着重强调状态)
set
fire
to
catch
fire
be
on
fire
【巧学助记】情景记忆fire短语
【活学活用】
3.
①别把衣服烧着了。
Don’t
let
your
dress
_____
___.
②放火烧房子的那个人被警察逮住了。
The
man
who
___
___
__
the
house
was
caught
by
the
police.
catch
fire
set
fire
to
③It
is
said
that
his
neighbour
set
fire
to
his
house.
(句型转换)
=It
is
said
that
his
neighbour
___
his
house
___
___.
④The
building
has
been
caught
fire
for
an
hour,
causing
huge
losses.
(单句改错)
__________
set
on
fire
caught→on
4.
in
all总共;
总计
※In
all,
there
are
five
students
who
are
late
for
school
today.
今天总共有五名同学上学迟到。
※He
is
strong,
brave
and,
above
all,
honest.
他健壮、勇敢,
更重要的是他诚实。
※(2013·湖北高考)After
all,
isn’t
accumulating
memories
a
way
of
preserving
the
past
毕竟,
积累记忆不是一种保存过去的方式吗
※First
of
all,
we
must
find
a
room
to
live
in.
首先,
我们必须找间房子住。
※(2013·浙江高考)Actually,
veins
are
not
blue
at
all.
实际上,
静脉完全不是蓝色的。
【自我归纳】
①________
首先;
尤其是;
最重要的是
②_______
别忘了(放句首时);
毕竟,
终究
③_________
首先(强调次序)
④_____
一点也,
完全(用来加强语气,
常与not连用)
above
all
after
all
first
of
all
at
all
【活学活用】
4.
选短语填空。
(in
all/
at
all/
after
all/
above
all/first
of
all)
①The
day
turned
out
fine
_______.
②According
to
the
survey,
_____
there
are
nearly
one
million
people
in
this
small
city
out
of
work
during
the
economic
crisis.
after
all
in
all
③I
am
glad
to
join
you
in
this
game,
but
_________
please
allow
me
to
introduce
myself
to
you.
④When
traveling
abroad,
________,
you
need
to
prepare
your
passport.
⑤There
was
nothing
to
worry
about
_____.
first
of
all
above
all
at
all
【课堂小结】
Ⅰ.
词汇串记
When
a
tornado
strikes
an
area,
everything
may
be
ruined
completely.
When
a
volcano
erupts,
lava
will
cover
the
land
and
many
things
will
catch
fire,
which
is
hard
to
be
put
out.
A
large
earthquake
is
even
more
terrifying.
When
it
occurs,
all
the
buildings
may
end
up
turning
into
ruins.
There
is
no
possibility
that
we
can
stop
it.
Fortunately,
many
countries
have
taken
active
measures
and
made
worldwide
efforts
to
reduce
its
damage.
Hopefully,
we
human
beings
will
get
natural
disasters
under
control.
Ⅱ.
句式背诵
1.
This
is
the
best
way
that
has
been
used
to
against
pollution.
这是已经使用过的最好的抗污染的办法。
2.
“Things
lost
never
come
again!
”I
couldn’t
help
talking
to
myself.
我不禁自言自语:
“覆水难收啊!
”
3.
Fifteen
million
trees
had
been
blown
down
by
the
high
winds,
blocking
roads,
paths
and
railway
lines.
1,
500万棵树被狂风刮倒,
把大小道路和铁路都堵塞了。
4.
Is
there
any
possibility
that
you
can
still
live
with
your
son
after
he
gets
married
在你儿子结婚后你有没有可能还和他住在一起
如何写关于自然灾害的新闻报道
写关于自然灾害的新闻报道要做到:
1.
语言简练,
重点突出,
条理清晰。2.
时态以过去时为主,
间或用现在时和将来时。3.
把握要点和提示,
表达要准确,
采用客观表达,
避免主观色彩。
假如某市于2015年3月6日凌晨3点发生了大地震,
地震引起了大火,
损失严重。请你根据下面提供的内容,
以A
Big
Earthquake为标题写一篇报道。词数100个左右。
受灾情况:
①大量房屋被毁;
80000人无家可归;
②死伤4000多人,
截至报道时仍有许多人失踪;
③水、电设施被损毁。
急缺物资:
淡水、食物、帐篷。
赈灾措施:
①军队帮助挖掘,
寻找幸存者;
②号召群众支援灾区。
参考词汇:
电力线路electrical
line 帐篷shelter
Step1 审题谋篇
体 裁
新闻报道
话 题
自然灾害
时 态
一般过去时
人 称
第三人称
段 落
布 局
首段:
点明发生的事件
主体:
叙述事件的经过
结尾:
对事件的评价及呼吁
Step2 遣词造句
1.
大火燃烧了一整天,
破坏了大量的房屋建筑,
造成
80000人无家可归。
①大量的
_________________________
②使……无家可归
________________
③破坏
_______
lots
of/a
good
many/plenty
of
make.
.
.
homeless
destroy
④完成句子:
The
fire
burned
for
a
whole
day,
__________
a
number
of
houses
and
buildings,
______
_____
80,
000
people
________.
destroying
which
made
homeless
2.
到它结束时,
有4000多人死伤。
①到……的时候
__________
②多于……
______________
③用被动结构翻译以上句子。
__________________,
more
than
4,
000
people
________
_______________.
by
the
time
more
than/over
By
the
time
it
ended
had
been
injured
or
killed
3.
幸运的是,
部队被派到这里来帮忙把埋在废墟中的人们挖出来。
①幸运的是
______
②(送)派某人做某事
_________
③挖出来
______
④在废墟下
______________
luckily
send.
.
.
to
dig
out
under
the
ruins
⑤把下列两个简单句合并成一个复合句。
Luckily,
the
army
was
sent
here
to
help
dig
out
people.
People
were
buried
under
the
ruins.
_______________________________________________
_____________________________
Luckily,
the
army
was
sent
here
to
help
dig
out
people
who
were
buried
under
the
ruins.
4.
政府正号召人们积极帮助那些遇难者。
①号召
______
②积极参加
___________________
③完成句子:
The
government
is
______
on
people
to
____
___
_____
____
__
helping
the
victims.
call
on
take
an
active
part
in
calling
take
an
active
part
in
Step3 润色组篇
A
Big
Earthquake
A
big
earthquake
struck
the
city
at
3
am
on
March
6,
2015.
Fires
caused
by
the
earthquake
did
the
most
damage.
The
fire
burned
for
a
whole
day,
destroying
a
number
of
houses
and
buildings,
which
made
80,
000
people
homeless.
The
electric
and
water
lines
were
cut
off,
which
made
people’s
life
more
difficult.
By
the
time
it
ended,
more
than4,
000people
had
been
injured
or
killed.
And
there
are
still
many
people
missing.
Luckily,
the
army
was
sent
here
to
help
dig
out
people
who
were
buried
under
the
ruins.
At
present,
fresh
water,
food
and
shelters
are
badly
needed.
The
government
is
calling
on
people
to
take
an
active
part
in
helping
the
victims.
【策略点拨】
Ⅰ.
写这类作文应注意以下四点:
1.
主体部分由标题、导语、正文三部分组成。
2.
标题要浓缩概括全文的中心实质问题。
3.
导语通常为文章的第一段,
提供主要话题和最主要的事实。
4.
正文部分是在导语的基础上,
引入更多的与主题相关的事实,
使之更加翔实、具体。
Ⅱ.
常用句式:
1.
A
big
fire
broke
out.
一场大火爆发了。
2.
An
earthquake
hit/struck
the
town/city.
一场地震袭击了城镇(城市)。
3.
After
the
flood/earthquake,
water,
gas
and
electricity
were
all
cut
off.
洪水(地震)之后,
水、气和电都被切断了。
4.
The
fire
lasted
about
two
hours
and
was
finally
put
out
in
the
afternoon.
大火持续了大约两小时,
最终在下午被扑灭了。
5.
Fortunately,
the
injured
people
were
sent
to
hospital
without
delay.
幸运的是,
受伤的人被立刻送往了医院。
6.
The
big
floods,
which
occurred
in1998,
caused
great
loss.
发生在1998年的大洪水造成了巨大的损失。
7.
On
March
16th,
2016,
a
woman
and
her
two
sons
on
a
beach
in
Russia
were
struck
by
lightning
because
the
woman
used
her
cell
phone
when
it
rained.
2016年3月16日,
在俄罗斯的一处海滩,
一位女士因为在下雨的时候打电话,
和她的两个儿子被闪电击中。
8.
Now,
government
has
taken
effective
measures
to
prevent
floods
from
happening
again.
现在,
政府已经采取了有效的措施阻止洪水再次发生。(共39张PPT)
Module
3 The
Violence
of
Nature
Grammar
过去完成时的被动语态和间接引语
【新知导引】
Ⅰ.
用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.
By
the
time
the
tornado
ended,
more
than
700
people
______________(kill).
2.
Coghlan
travelled
back
to
Canada—after
he
______________
(bury)in
Texas!
3.
Arriving
home,
she
found
all
the
furniture
_______________(flood).
had
been
killed
had
been
buried
had
been
flooded
Ⅱ.
将下列直接引语的句子变为间接引语
1.
He
said,
“My
brother
failed
in
the
exam
this
week.
”
→He
said
_________________________________
that
week.
2.
He
says,
“Is
Tom
a
student
or
a
teacher ”
→He
asks
___________________________________.
3.
He
asked
me,
“Do
you
like
playing
football ”
→He
asked
me
_____________________________.
that
his
brother
had
failed
in
the
exam
whether/if
Tom
is
a
student
or
a
teacher
if/whether
I
liked
playing
football
【知识详解】
一.
过去完成时的被动语态
1.
构成：had
+
been
+
done。
2.
概念：表示在过去某个动作或时间以前已被做的事情。
3.
用法：
(1)在told,
said,
knew,
heard,
thought，found等动词后的宾语从句中，表示宾语从句中的动作已被做完时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
She
said
(that)
she
had
never
been
shown
around
Paris.
她说从来没有人领她参观过巴黎。(she和show之间是被动关系，且show这一动作发生在said之前)
(2)before,
by
the
time,
until,
when,
after,
once,
as
soon
as等引导的状语从句中的谓语是一般过去时，以及by，
before,
until后面接过去的时间时，主句的动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
By
the
time
he
was
twelve,
my
brother
had
been
sent
to
America.
我哥哥12岁前就已经被送到了美国。(by
the
time相当于before,
表示“在……之前”，从句中的动作表示过去，主句中的send这一动作发生在从句的动作之前)
【即学活用】用所给动词或短语的适当形式填空。
①By
the
time
Edison
was
ten,
a
chemistry
lab
_____________(build).
②The
dish
________________(eat
up)when
I
got
there.
③____
the
new
plan
_____________(discuss)before
the
meeting
④Was
the
boy
reminded
that
his
homework
_____________________
(not
hand
in)
⑤Which
hospital
____
Mary
________(send)to
before
midnight
⑥The
couple
said
that
the
flowers
were
so
lovely
that
they
________
____
(sell)in
no
time.
had
been
built
had
been
eaten
up
Had
been
discussed
had
not
been
handed
in
had
been
sent
had
been
sold
二.
间接引语
直接引语表示直接引述别人的原话。通常都用引号括起来。
间接引语表示用自己的话把别人的话转述出来。间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句。
直接引语改为间接引语，在语序、人称、时态和状语方面会做相应变化。
1.
动词的时态的变化：
直接引语
间接引语
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
一般过去时
过去完成时
过去进行时
过去进行时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在完成时
过去完成时
过去完成时
过去完成时
“Where
do
you
usually
have
lunch？”he
asked
me.
→He
asked
me
where
I
usually
had
lunch.
2.
指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变化：
直接引语
间接引语
this
that
these
those
now
then
today
that
day
yesterday
the
day
before
直接引语
间接引语
last
year
the
year
before
ago
before
tomorrow
the
next
day
next
month
the
next
month
here
there
come
go
bring
take
“I
will
never
forget
this
interesting
lesson，”said
Paul.
→Paul
said
that
he
would
never
forget
that
interesting
lesson.
She
said
to
me,
“I
came
here
five
years
ago.
”
→
She
told
me
she
had
been
there
five
years
before.
He
said
to
me，“I
will
see
her
next
week.
”
→He
told
me
he
would
see
her
the
next
week.
3.
句式的转换:
(1)转述他人的陈述→陈述句的转换:
(2)转述他人的疑问→一般疑问句的转换:
(3)转述他人的问题→特殊疑问句:
(4)选择疑问句的转换:
用whether.
.
.
or.
.
.
表达,
而不用if.
.
.
or.
.
.
,
也不用either.
.
.
or.
.
.
。
He
asked,
“Do
you
speak
English
or
French ”
→He
asked
me
whether
I
spoke
English
or
French.
(5)祈使句的转换:
4.
直接引语变间接引语的特殊情况:
(1)时态不变的情况。
①直接引语是客观真理、谚语或名人名言时。
He
said,
“The
earth
goes
around
the
sun.
”
→He
said
that
the
earth
goes
around
the
sun.
②当直接引语中有具体的过去时间作状语时,
间接引语仍然用一般过去时。
Mr
Wang
said,
“I
was
born
in
China
in
September,
1972.
”
→Mr
Wang
said
he
was
born
in
China
in
September,
1972.
③当直接引语是过去完成时态时。
She
said,
“They
had
left
when
I
arrived
here.
”
→She
said
they
had
left
when
she
arrived
there.
④当直接引语表示客观的时刻表时。
He
said,
“The
plane
takes
off
at
6:
30
a.
m.
”
→He
said
that
the
plane
takes
off
at
6:
30
a.
m.
(2)如果在当天转述别人说过的话,
时间状语可不变;
如果在当地转述,
地点状语和动词也不必改变。
He
said,
“I’ll
be
back
tonight.
”
→He
said
that
he
will
be
back
tonight.
【即学活用】将下列句子变为间接引语。
①Jack
said,
“I
have
been
working
here
for
a
dozen
years.
”
→___________________________________________________
②He
said
to
me,
“I
read
it
yesterday.
”
→_______________________________________
③The
teacher
said,
“Please
bring
all
the
books
downstairs
up
here.
”
→______________________________________________________
________
Jack
said
that
he
had
been
working
there
for
a
dozen
years.
He
told
me
that
he
had
read
it
the
day
before.
The
teacher
asked
the
students
to
take
all
the
books
downstairs
up
there.
④The
teacher
said,
“Columbus
discovered
America
in
1492.
”
→____________________________________________________
⑤“How
much
did
you
pay
for
the
computer ”he
asked.
→_______________________________________
The
teacher
said
that
Columbus
discovered
America
in
1492.
He
asked
how
much
I
paid
for
the
computer.
【典题研习】
(2011·北京高考)Experiments
of
this
kind________
(conduct)in
both
the
U.
S.
and
Europe
well
before
the
Second
World
War.
【思路演示】
分析句式:
该句为简单句,
in
both
the
U.
S.
and
Europe是地点状语,
before
the
Second
World
War是时间状语。
理清句意:
第二次世界大战前在美国和欧洲都进行过该类实验。
抓取关键:
before
the
Second
World
War是表示过去的时间状语,
conduct在the
Second
World
War之前,
故是“过去的过去”,
用过去完成时;
又因experiments与conduct之间为动宾关系,
故句子谓语用过去完成时的被动语态。
断定答案:
had
been
conducted。
【即学活用】
用适当的连词或所给词的适当形式填空。
1.
(2015·福建高考)—I
wonder________
Mary
has
kept
her
figure
after
all
these
years.
—By
working
out
every
day.
【解析】how。考查名词性从句。句意:
——我想知道玛丽这些年是如何保持她的身材的。——通过每天锻炼。根据答语可知问句中问的是“保持身材的方法”,
故用how。
2.
(2015·四川高考)The
exhibition
tells
us________
we
should
do
something
to
stop
air
pollution.
【解析】why。考查宾语从句。句意:
这个展览告诉我们为什么我们要采取措施来制止空气污染。根据语境可知这里表示原因,
故要用why来引导。
3.
(2014·天津高考)I
think impresses
me
about
his
painting
is
the
colours
he
uses.
【解析】what。句意:
我认为,
他的画让我印象深刻的是他使用的色彩。what在句中引导主语从句,
又在从句中作主语。
4.
(2012·北京高考)—Have
you
heard
about
that
fire
in
the
market
—Yes,
fortunately
no
one________
(hurt).
【解析】was
hurt。句意:
——你听说市场上的那场火灾了吗 ——是的,
幸运的是没有人受伤。谓语动词hurt和主语no
one之间是动宾关系,
应用被动语态;
此处讲述的是发生在过去的事情,
应用一般过去时。
【真题备选】
1.
(2014·福建高考)Pick
yourself
up.
Courage
is
doing________
you’re
afraid
to
do.
【解析】what。句意:
站起来。有了勇气,
你才可以去做你不敢做的事情。what在句中充当引导词,
同时也是动词do的宾语。
2.
(2014·北京高考)Some
people
believe_______
has
happened
before
or
is
happening
now
will
repeat
itself
in
the
future.
【解析】whatever/what。考查名词性从句。句意:
有些人相信已经发生的或正在发生的任何事情将来都会重复发生。believe后面是宾语从句,
宾语从句中缺少主语,
只能选择连接代词whatever或what。
3.
(2013·湖南高考)Do
not
let
any
failures
discourage
you,
for
you
can
never
tell________
close
you
may
be
to
victory.
【解析】how。句意:
不要让任何失败阻止你,
因为你永远不会知道你离胜利有多么近。how在句中引导宾语从句,
常用于“how
+adj.
+主语+谓语+其他”结构中,
意为“多么……”。
4.
(2013·山东高考)It’s
good
to
know________
the
dogs
will
be
well
cared
for
while
we’re
away.
【解析】that。句意:
当我们不在的时候,
知道这些狗会被好好地照顾真是太好了。本句中it是形式主语,
代替后面的不定式to
know;
动词know后跟一个宾语从句,
由于宾语从句中主谓结构完整,
所以用连词that引导宾语从句。
5.
(2013·北京高考)Experts
believe________
people
can
waste
less
food
by
shopping
only
when
it
is
necessary.
【解析】that。句意:
专家们相信人们只在必要的时候购物能减少食品浪费。that引导宾语从句,
不作任何成分,
只起连接作用。
6.
(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Police
have
found________
appears
to
be
the
lost
ancient
statue.
【解析】what。考查宾语从句。句意:
警察发现了疑似失窃的古老雕像。what引导宾语从句,
并在从句中作主语。
7.
(2012·北京高考)Jerry
did
not
regret
giving
the
comment
but
felt________
he
could
have
expressed
it
differently.
【解析】that。句意:
Jerry并不后悔提出自己的意见,
但是他感觉他本来可以换种方式表达的。由句式结构可知felt后面是一个宾语从句,
从句中不缺少任何成分,
故应用that引导。
8.
(2012·四川高考)Scientists
study_______
human
brains
work
to
make
computers.
【解析】how。句意:
科学家们研究人类的大脑怎样工作来制造电脑。此处how引导名词性从句,
相当于the
way
in
which,
意为“怎样,
怎么”。(共108张PPT)
Module
3 The
Violence
of
Nature
Integrating
Skills
Ⅰ.
根据音标及词义写出正确的单词
1.
___
n.
灰,
灰烬
2.
_____
vt.
(火山的)爆发;
喷发
3.
_______
n.
火山
4.
__________
n.
地震
5.
_________
adj.
吓人的;
可怕的
ash
erupt
volcano
earthquake
terrifying
6.
_________
adv.
感激地;
满怀感谢地
7.
______
adv.
幸运地;
幸亏
8.
_________
adv.
满怀希望地
9.
__________
adv.
幸运地,
幸亏
10.
_______
n.
&v.
损失;
损害
thankfully
luckily
hopefully
fortunately
damage
Ⅱ.
根据英文释义写出对应的英语单词
1.
to
spoil
or
destroy
something (
)
2.
about
an
event,
period
or
thing
that
happens
or
exists
before
the
one
you
are
talking
about (
)
3.
something
that
might
happen
or
be
true (
)
ruin
previous
possibility
4.
an
action
or
statement
telling
someone
of
a
possible
problem
or
danger (
)
5.
about
something
happening
or
existing
all
over
the
world
(
)
6.
always
doing
things,
especially
with
energy
and
enthusiasm
(
)
warning
worldwide
active
Ⅲ.
根据汉语意思补全短语
1.
according
__
根据,
按照,
照……来说
2.
turn
____
翻转
3.
fall
_____
倒塌
4.
cover
an
____
of
占……面积
5.
do
damage
__
对……造成危害
6.
in
___
总共,
总计
to
over
down
area
to
all
Ⅳ.
根据语境写出黑体部分短语的汉语意义
1.
Wood
catches
fire
easily
when
it
is
very
dry.
(
)
2.
It
was
the
naughty
boy
who
set
fire
to
the
building.
(
)
3.
The
firefighters
at
last
put
out
the
forest
fires
two
days
later.
(
)
4.
No
one
knows
what
took
place
when
he
was
out.
(
)
着火
放火烧
扑灭
发生
1.
ruin
vt.
毁坏
She
returned
home
and
found
all
her
furniture
had
been
ruined
by
the
flood.
她回到家发现所有的家具都被洪水毁坏了。
He
ruined
his
chance
of
promotion
by
his
rudeness
to
the
boss.
他由于对老板不礼貌而断送了晋升的机会。
【归纳拓展】
ruins
n.
废墟，遗迹
in
ruins
成为废墟
come/go/run
to
ruin
=fall
into
ruin
毁灭，灭亡；崩溃，瓦解
Did
you
see
the
ruins
of
a
bombed-out
office
block
你见到被炸毁的办公楼的废墟了吗？
The
hotel
was
in
ruins
after
that
big
fire.
那场大火过后，旅馆成了废墟。
After
that,
the
empire
came
to
ruin.
在那之后，整个帝国走向毁灭。
【即学活用】用ruin的适当形式填空。
①After
the
tsunami(海啸)passed
away，all
the
villages
and
towns
were
in
_____,
and
no
being
was
seen.
②They
both
argued
all
the
time
during
the
party，which
completely
______
the
evening
for
the
rest
of
us.
ruins
ruined
完成句子。
③He
__________
by
drink.
爱喝酒使他落得身败名裂。
④An
earthquake
left
the
whole
town
_______.
那次地震使整个城镇成为废墟。
was
ruined
in
ruins
2.
terrifying
adj.
吓人的，可怕的
The
hurricane
lasted
for
two
days.
It
was
terrifying！
飓风持续了两天，太可怕了！
He
had
a
terrifying
experience
when
the
flood
hit
the
city
last
year.
去年洪水袭击这个城市的时候他有过一次可怕的经历。
【归纳拓展】
(1)terrify
vt.
使恐怖；惊吓
terror
n.
恐怖；恐惧
(2)terrified
adj.
感到恐怖的；害怕的
be
terrified
of.
.
.
对……感到恐惧
be
terrified
at.
.
.
因……害怕
be
terrified
that.
.
.
害怕……
be
terrified
to
do
sth.
害怕做某事
I
was
terrified
at
the
thought
of
walking
in
the
dark.
=I
was
terrified
to
think
of
walking
in
the
dark.
=I
was
terrified
of
walking
in
the
dark.
=I
was
terrified
that
I
would
walk
in
the
dark.
一想到在黑天走路我就感到恐惧。
【名师点津】
英语中一些表心理变化的动词，其-ing和-ed形式通常起形容词作用，在句中作定语或表语。-ing形式表示“令人……的”，常用来修饰物；-ed形式表示“某人感到……的”,
用来说明人的感受。
【思维延伸】
常见的以-ing与-ed结尾的形容词有：
interesting
有趣的；引起兴趣的/interested
对……感兴趣的
surprising
令人惊奇的/surprised
对……感到惊奇的
exciting
令人兴奋的/excited
对……感到兴奋的
moving
感动人的/moved
受感动的
inspiring
鼓舞人心的/inspired
受到鼓舞的
puzzling
令人迷惑的/puzzled
感到迷惑的
【即学活用】用terrify的适当形式填空。
①Last
night
I
heard
a
_________
sound.
昨晚我听到了可怕的声音。
②He
was
________
at
the
sight
of
the
ruins
after
the
hurricane.
飓风过后看到一片狼藉他非常害怕。
③His
______
was
so
great
that
he
could
do
nothing.
他非常恐惧，不知道如何是好。
terrifying
terrified
terror
④The
ruins
of
the
buildings
after
the
hurricane
________
everyone
present.
飓风过后建筑物一片狼藉，让每个在场的人都感到非常恐惧。
terrified
⑤His voice
shows
that
he’s
greatly .
A.
terrified;
terrified
B.
terrified;
terrifying
C.
terrifying;
terrifying
D.
terrifying;
terrified
【解析】选A。句意:
他那害怕的声音表明他非常害怕。terrified表示人内心的害怕,
可用来修饰名词look,
expression,
voice等,
表示“害怕的表情或声音”;
terrifying
look/voice表示“令人害怕的表情或声音。
3.
warning
n.
警告
Fortunately,
we
had
plenty
of
warning.
幸运的是，我们收到了足够多的警告。
The
red
light
is
a
warning
sign
for
stop.
红灯是一种停止行进的警告信号。
【归纳拓展】
warn
v.
警告；提醒，预先通知
warn
sb.
of
sth.
提醒某人某事
warn
sb.
against
sth.
警告某人提防某事
warn
sb.
not
to
do
sth.
＝warn
sb.
against
doing
sth.
提醒/告诫某人不要做某事
warn+
that-从句
警告；提醒
I
was
warned
of
the
man.
有人警告我要提防那个人。
Our
teacher
warned
him
against
smoking.
=Our
teacher
warned
him
not
to
smoke.
我们老师警告他不要吸烟。
I
warned
them
that
there
might
be
snakes
in
the
woods.
我提醒他们树林里可能有蛇。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①____________________________，I
didn’t
get
caught
in
the
rain.
多亏了妈妈的警告，我没有挨淋。
②He
_____________
the
roads
were
icy.
他提醒我们路上结了冰。
③He
had
been
warned
_________
to
anyone.
已警告过他不要跟任何人说。
Thanks
to
my
mother’s
warning
warned
us
that
not
to
talk
④He
_________________crossing
the
street
at
that
place.
他警告我不要在那个地方过马路。
warned
me
against
⑤In
some
countries
packets
of
cigarettes
come
with
a
government
health attached
to
them.
A.
warning
B.
symbol
C.
goal
D.
signal
【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意:
在一些国家,
香烟盒上附带着政府对健康的一个警告。warning告诫,
警告;
symbol象征,
符号;
goal目的,
目标;
signal信号,
标志。根据句意和词义选择A项。
4.
damage
n.
&
v.
损失；损害
Fires
caused
by
the
California
Earthquake
did
the
most
damage.
加利福尼亚地震引起的大火造成的损失最为严重。
The
storm
did
a
lot
of
damage
to
the
crops.
暴风雨使庄稼受到了很大损失。
The
front
part
of
my
car
was
damaged
when
it
hit
the
tree.
我的车子撞到树时车头部分被撞坏。
【归纳拓展】
do/cause
damage
to.
.
.
对……造成损害/损失
【易混辨析】
damage
可指对物体造成破坏,
对人造成伤害一般不用damage
hurt
可指对人造成伤害,
还可指对人的感情的伤害或意外事故、地震、飓风等对人的身体造成伤害
injure
可指对人造成伤害,
也可指意外事故、地震、飓风等对人的身体造成伤害
wound
指受到枪、刀等武器的伤害
【即学活用】用damage/hurt/injure/wound的适当形式填空。
①He
warned
that
the
action
was
_________
the
economy.
他警告说该行动正对经济造成破坏。
②She’s
afraid
she’s
going
to
____
anyone
else
and
that
she’ll
never
fall
in
love
again.
她害怕自己会伤害到其他任何人，并且永远不会再恋爱了。
③Ten
soldiers
were
killed
and
thirty
serious
________.
有十名战士阵亡，三十名重伤。
damaging
hurt
wounded
④A
bomb
has
exploded
on
a
bus,
seriously
________
at
least
five
people.
一个炸弹在公交车上爆炸，造成至少5人重伤。
injuring
【思维延伸】
①(2011·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)William
found
it
increasingly
difficult
to
read,
for
his
eyesight
was
beginning
to .
A.
disappear
B.
fall
C.
fail
D.
damage
【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意:
威廉发现读书越来越难,
因为他的视力正逐渐变弱。disappear“消失”;
fall“落下,
(数量、数目)下降”;
fail“(指健康)衰退,
变弱,
消失”;
damage毁坏。
②Mike
didn’t
play
football
yesterday
because
he
had his
leg.
A.
damaged B.
hurt
C.
hit
D.
struck
【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意:
迈克昨天没有去踢足球,
因为他的腿受伤了。表示使人的身体或心理受到伤害用hurt。damage指“损坏”某物的价值或有用性或某人的名声等;
hit指“撞击,
击中”;
strike指“打,
攻击,
敲,
擦”。
5.
set
fire
to
放火(焚烧)
Ash
and
lava
poured
down
the
mountain,
setting
fire
to
hundreds
of
houses.
火山灰和熔岩沿着山倾泻下来，烧毁了几百座房子。
It
is
said
that
his
neighbour
set
fire
to
his
house.
=It
is
said
that
his
neighbour
set
his
house
on
fire.
据说是他的邻居放火烧了他的房子。
【归纳拓展】
on
fire
着火(强调状态)
catch
fire
着火(强调动作)
make
a
fire
生火
put
out
the
fire
扑灭火
set
sth.
on
fire=set
fire
to
sth.
点火烧……
Take
that
carpet
away—it
might
catch
fire.
把那块地毯拿开，它可能会着火。
We
saw
a
house
on
fire
when
we
passed
the
road.
我们经过这条路时，看到一所房子失火了。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①This
material
is
not
easy
to
_________.
这种材料不易着火。
②The
forest
has
been
______
for
several
hours.
这片森林已经着火好几个小时了。
catch
fire
on
fire
③The
room
was
very
cold,
and
she
had
to
__________
to
warm
herself.
房间很冷，她只好生火取暖。
④Last
night
the
factory
__________.
When
the
firefighters
_____________，one
firefighter
lost
his
life.
昨天晚上这个工厂着火了，在扑灭火的过程中，一名消防队员牺牲了自己的生命。
make
a
fire
caught
fire
put
out
the
fire
⑤他点燃了那堆纸。
He
___
the
pile
of
paper
______.
＝He
_________the
pile
of
paper.
set
on
fire
set
fire
to
⑥The
campers
began
to
make fire
from
the
dry
branches
to
cook
their
lunch,
which
made
their
tent
catch fire.
A.
a;
a
B.
/;
a
C.
a;
the
D.
a;
/
【解析】选D。考查冠词。句意:
野营者开始用干树枝生火做午饭,
这使得他们的帐篷着火了。make
a
fire“生火”;
catch
fire“着火”。
6.
put
out
扑灭(火)
We
put
all
the
fires
out.
我们扑灭了所有的火灾。
She
put
out
the
light
and
closed
the
door.
她关掉灯，然后关上了门。
【易混辨析】
put
out
“扑灭(火),
熄灭(灯)”,
是及物动词,
可用于被动语态
go
out
“(火等)熄灭”,
是不及物动词,
不能用于被动语态
【归纳拓展】
put
up
举起；张贴；建造；支起；为……提供食宿
put
off
推迟，拖延
put
on
穿上；上演；假装
put
in
插入
put
through
使经受；接通(电话)
put
down
放下，使(乘客等)下(车)；写下，记下
The
local
drama
club
is
putting
on
“Macbeth”.
当地的剧社正在演出《麦克佩斯》。
The
concert
had
to
be
put
off
because
the
main
singer
was
ill.
由于主唱病了，音乐会不得不延期。
【即学活用】用合适的副词或介词填空。
①Never
put
___
till
tomorrow
what
should
be
done
today.
②Make
sure
that
you
put
_____
every
word
she
says.
③The
forest
guards
often
find
campfires
that
have
not
been
put
___
completely.
④We
will
be
happy
to
put
you
___
when
you
come
to
town
next
month.
⑤He
was
not
really
angry.
He
was
putting
it
___.
off
down
out
up
on
⑥(2012·全国卷Ⅰ)Mary
is
really
good
at
taking
notes
in
class.
She
can almost
every
word
her
teacher
says.
A.
put
out B.
put
down C.
put
away
D.
put
together
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
玛丽的确擅长在课堂上记笔记。她几乎能把老师说的每个词都记下来。put
out扑灭;
put
down放下,
写下;
put
away放好;
put
together放在一起。根据句意可知选B。
⑦He the
cigarette
as
soon
as
he
heard
his
father
coming
back.
A.
put
out
B.
figured
out
C.
carried
out
D.
sent
out
【解析】选A。考查动词词组。句意:
一听到父亲回来的声音,
他就把香烟熄掉了。put
out熄灭,
扑灭;
figure
out解决,
算出,
理解,
弄明白;
carry
out贯彻,
执行;
send
out发出,
分发,
散发。
【思维延伸】
(2011·江西高考)You
can’t
predict
everything.
Often
things
don’t as
you
expect.
A.
run
out
B.
break
out
C.
work
out
D.
put
out
【解析】选C。考查动词词组。句意:
你不能预言一切事情。事情常常不会像你期待的那样实现。run
out耗尽;
break
out打破;
work
out算出,
实现;
put
out扑灭。选C。
7.
take
place
发生；举行
Is
a
volcanic
eruption
taking
place
now
现在火山喷发还在发生着吗？
When
will
the
wedding
take
place？
什么时候举行婚礼？
【名师点津】不能被动的take
place
take
place不用于被动语态，多指预先计划、安排要发生的事情；突然发生则用happen或occur。
Since
1980
great
changes
have
taken
place
in
China.
自从1980年以来中国发生了巨大的变化。
【归纳拓展】
take
the
place
of
sb.
＝take
sb.
’s
place
代替某人，接替某人
take
one’s
place＝take
one’s
seat
就座
in
place
of
代替
in
place
在适当的位置上；适当的，恰当的
out
of
place
位置不对；不合适
Electric
trains
have
now
taken
the
place
of
steam
trains
in
England.
现在在英国电动机车已代替了蒸汽机车了。
Mr
Yang
is
sick，so
you
had
better
take
his
place.
杨先生病了，最好还是由你来代他一下吧。
Let’s
use
metal
in
place
of
wood
for
this
chair.
让我们用金属代替木料制作这把椅子吧。
In
his
house
everything
is
always
in
place.
在他家每样东西总是放得整整齐齐的。
Everything
is
out
of
place
in
your
study.
你书房里的东西都摆得不是地方。
【易混辨析】
take
place
作“发生”讲时较为正式,
常用来指事先安排的事情
occur
多用来指具体事情的发生,
虽也可指偶然性,
但与happen相比程度较弱
happen
常用来表示“偶然发生;
碰巧出现”
【即学活用】选词并用其适当形式填空(take
place/occur/happen)。
①The
evening
party
will
_________
on
New
Year’s
Eve.
②Police
said
the
accident
_________________
about
4:
30
p.
m.
.
take
place
occurred/happened
③(2012·重庆高考)Sam
has
been
appointed manager
of
the
engineering
department
to
take place
of
George.
A.
/;
/ B.
the;
/ C.
the;
the D.
/;
the
【解析】选D。考查冠词。句意:
Sam代替了George,
被任命为工程部经理。第一个空是表示头衔、职务的名词,
在句中作主语补足语时,
不能加冠词;
第二个空是固定搭配:
take
the
place
of代替。
④My
sister’s
marriage at
ten
o’clock
today.
A.
happened
B.
took
place
C.
occurred
D.
was
taken
place
【解析】选B。考查动词及动词短语用法。句意:
我姐姐的婚礼今天10点举行的。happen和occur表示突然发生;
take
place多指预先计划、安排要发生的事情,
没有被动语态。
8.
in
all总共；总计
In
all,
830,
000
people
lost
their
lives.
总共有830
000人失去了生命。
We
received
￡1,
550
in
cash
and
promises
of
another
￡650,
making
￡2,
200
in
all.
我们收到1
550英镑现金，另外还有650英镑的承诺，总计2
200英镑。
【归纳拓展】
after
all
毕竟，归根结底
above
all
尤其是，最重要的是
all
in
all
总之，从各方面来说
first
of
all
首先
at
all
一点也不(否定句)；到底，真的，竟然(肯定句和
疑问句)
Don’t
get
discouraged
by
setbacks；we
are
new
to
the
work
after
all.
别因挫折而灰心，这工作对我们来说毕竟还是新的。
I
enjoyed
all
the
other
subjects,
but
history
above
all.
我喜欢所有课程，尤其是历史。
All
in
all
his
new
book
is
a
great
success.
从各方面来说,
他这本新书都是极大的成功。
First
of
all
let
me
express
my
thanks
to
you
for
your
valuable
help.
首先，让我向你们的大力协助表示谢意。
They’ve
done
nothing
at
all
to
solve
the
problem.
他们根本没有采取任何措施去解决这个问题。
【即学活用】选短语填空(in
all/after
all/above
all/first
of
all/at
all)。
①He
hasn’t
finished
the
work，but
_______
he
has
tried
his
best.
②_________
she
just
smiled，and
then
she
started
to
laugh.
③Has
the
situation
improved
_____
④Never
waste
anything，and
________
never
waste
time.
⑤He
spent
very
little
time
at
school，perhaps
not
more
than
a
year
_____.
after
all
First
of
all
at
all
above
all
in
all
⑥(2011·安徽高考)To
be
great,
you
must
be
smart,
confident,
and,
________
,
honest.
A.
therefore
B.
above
all
C.
however
D.
after
all
【解析】选B。考查词汇辨析。句意:
要想成为伟大的人物,
你必须聪明、自信,
而最重要的是要为人诚实。A项为“因此,
所以”;
B项为“首先,
尤其是,
最重要的是”;
C项为“可是,
然而”;
D项为“毕竟;
终究”。根据句意选择B项。
【思维延伸】
①(2014·江西高考)Starting
your
own
business
could
be
a
way
to
achieving
financial
independence.
________
,
it
could
just
put
you
in
debt.
A.
In
other
words
B.
All
in
all
C.
As
a
result
D.
On
the
other
hand
【解析】选D。考查短语辨析。句意:
创业可能是获得经济独立的一个方法。另一方面,
它也可能让你负债。In
other
words换句话说;
All
in
all总的说来;
As
a
result结果;
On
the
other
hand另一方面。根据句意可知这里是说明一件事情的两个方面,
所以D项符合上下文句意。
②(2012·浙江高考)Brown
said
he
was
by
no
means
annoyed;
,
he
was
glad
to
be
able
to
make
himself
clearly
understood.
A.
all
in
all
B.
for
one
thing
C.
on
the
contrary
D.
by
the
way
【解析】选C。考查短语辨析。句意:
布朗说他绝不生气;
相反,
他很高兴能使别人清楚地了解他自己。all
in
all总而言之;
for
one
thing一则;
on
the
contrary正相反,
相反地;
by
the
way顺便说,
顺便提。
9.
When
the
lava
reached
the
sea,
there
was
the
possibility
of
a
huge
tidal
wave
which
could
flood
half
the
island.
当岩浆到达大海时,
有可能引起巨大的潮汐,
淹没半个岛屿。
【句式分析】
(1)本句是复合句,
when
the
lava
reached
the
sea是时间状语从句,
which
could
flood
half
the
island是定语从句,
修饰a
huge
tidal
wave,
主句是there
was
the
possibility
of
a
huge
tidal
wave。
(2)There
is
a/the/
no
possibility
of
sth.
/doing
sth.
/that.
.
.
表示“有/没有……的可能性”,
其中that引导同位语从句,
表明possibility的内容。
There
is
no
possibility
of
changing
furniture
at
this
shop
once
bought.
在这家商店，家具一旦购买就绝对没有更换的可能性。
Is
there
any
possibility
that
we’ll
see
you
this
weekend
我们本周末能见到你吗
【思维延伸】
其他表示“有可能做某事”的句型：
it
is
possible/probable
(for
sb.
)
to
do
sth.
;
it
is
possible/probable
that.
.
.
;
it
is
likely
that.
.
.
;
sb.
/sth.
is
likely
to
do
sth.
例如：
Is
it
possible
that
we’ll
see
you
this
weekend
我们本周末能见到你吗？
It
is
likely
that
he
will
come.
他可能会来。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①______________________
your
getting
to
London
this
week
本周你有可能去伦敦吗
②Take
your
umbrella
because
_____________________
it
will
rain.
带上伞吧,
因为有可能下雨。
Is
there
any
possibility
of
there’s
a
possibility
that
③—Is
there
any
possibility you
could
pick
me
up
at
the
airport
—No
problem.
A.
when B.
that C.
whether D.
what
【解析】选B。考查引导词。问句句意:
你可能到机场接我吗 Is
there
any
possibility
that.
.
.
意为“有……的可能吗 ”that在句中引导同位语从句,
补充说明possibility的具体内容。that在从句中无实际含义,
但不可省略。
【思维延伸】一句多译。
你们球队这次比赛有可能得冠军吗
a.
________________________your
team
will
win
this
match
b.
_________________________for
your
team
______this
match
c.
_____________your
team
will
win
this
match
d.
________________to
win
this
match
Is
there
any
possibility
that
Is
it
possible/probable/likely
to
win
Is
it
likely
that
Is
your
team
likely
【要点拾遗】
1.
luckily/fortunately
adv.
幸运地;
幸亏
Luckily/Fortunately，I
passed
the
exam.
幸运的是，我考试及格了。
Luckily
I
was
at
home
when
he
dropped
in.
幸好他来的时候我在家。
【归纳拓展】
luckily/fortunately
for
sb.
某人运气不错，对某人来说很幸运
lucky/fortunate
adj.
好运的，幸运的
luck
n.
运气
fortune
n.
运气；财富
unluckily/unfortunately
adv.
不幸地
Unluckily/Unfortunately，he
didn’t
get
the
job.
不幸的是，他没有得到这份工作。
It
was
lucky/fortunate
that
I
met
you
here.
我在这儿见到你真走运。
I
was
very
lucky/fortunate
to
get
a
copy
so
cheap.
我这么便宜地买到一本，真是幸运极了。
【名师点津】常用来修饰全句的副词有：
fortunately/luckily(幸运地)；unfortunately/unluckily(不幸的是)；thankfully(感谢地)；hopefully(满怀希望地)；sadly(悲伤地)；happily(高兴地)。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①__________________,
the
fire
was
discovered
soon
after
it
had
started.
幸运的是,
大火刚着不久就被发现了。
②I
got
to
the
station
late,
____________________the
train
was
still
there.
我到车站时已经晚了,
但是幸运的是火车还没开。
③_______________,
he
braked
in
time
to
avoid
an
accident.
他们真幸运,
他及时踩了刹车,
避免了一场事故。
Fortunately/Luckily
but
luckily/fortunately
Luckily
for
them
2.
thankfully
adv.
感激地；满怀感谢地
There
was
a
fire
in
the
building，but
thankfully
no
one
was
hurt.
大楼失火了，但幸好没有伤着人。
Thankfully，the
house
was
empty
when
I
got
home.
谢天谢地，我到家的时候房子还空着。
【归纳拓展】
thankful
adj.
对某人感谢的，感激的
be
thankful
to
sb.
for
sth.
因某事对某人有感激之心
thank
v.
感谢
thankless
adj.
不感激的；不领情的
thanks
n.
感谢；感激
thanks
to
多亏，由于
I
am
thankful
to
you
for
your
present.
我感谢你的礼物。
Thanks
to
your
help
we
were
successful.
多亏你的帮助，我们成功了。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①__________(thankful)，I
managed
to
get
through
the
game
and
the
pain
was
worth
it
in
the
end.
感到欣慰的是，我通过了比赛，付出的痛苦最终也是值得的。
②We
_____________
you
for
your
help.
我们感谢你们的帮助。
③_________his
decision,
things
have
come
out
right.
幸亏他的果断，形势得以好转。
Thankfully
are
thankful
to
Thanks
to
3.
hopefully
adv.
满怀希望地；有希望地
Hopefully,
it
won’t
be
too
long.
希望时间不会太久。
Hopefully
we
can
solve
the
problem.
我们有望解决这个问题。
【归纳拓展】
hopeful
adj.
有希望的
hopeless
adj.
没有希望的
Everyone
is
feeling
pretty
hopeful
about
the
future.
人人都对未来充满希望。
The
economy
is
in
a
hopeless
mess
in
that
country.
那个国家的经济无可救药。
【即学活用】
①We
have
done
half
the
work
so
far.
,
we’ll
have
finished
it
by
December.
A.
Unluckily B.
Fortunately C.
Hopefully D.
Thankfully
【解析】选C。考查副词辨析。句意:
到现在为止我们已经做了一半的工作了,
希望到十二月底完成所有的工作。unluckily不幸地;
fortunately幸运地;
hopefully有希望地;
thankfully感谢地。根据句意可知,
我们“希望”年底之前完成工作,
故选择C项。
②They
are
discussing
the
problem
right
now.
It
will have
been
solved
by
the
end
of
next
week.
A.
eagerly
B.
hopefully
C.
immediately
D.
gradually
【解析】选B。考查副词辨析。句意:
他们现在正在讨论这个问题,
希望在下周末之前解决好这个问题。eagerly急切地,
渴望地;
hopefully有希望地;
immediately立刻,
马上;
gradually逐渐地。根据句意和词义选择B项。
4.
active
adj.
积极的；活跃的
China
is
situated
in
one
of
the
most
active
earthquake
regions
in
the
world.
中国位于世界上地震活动最活跃的地区之一。
Although
he
is
quite
old
he
is
still
very
active.
他虽然年纪大了，可仍很活跃。
【归纳拓展】
(1)be
active
in
(doing)
sth.
积极参加……
take
an
active
part
in.
.
.
积极参加……
(2)activity
n.
活动；活跃
She
used
to
take
an
active
part
in
physical
labour.
她过去常常积极参加体力劳动。
Her
activities
include
tennis
and
painting.
她的活动包括网球和绘画。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①He
is
________________of
the
club.
他是俱乐部的积极分子。
②She
___________________
local
politics.
她积极参加当地的政治活动。
③She
__________outdoor
activities.
她热衷于户外活动。
④Sailing
is
_________
I
enjoy
very
much.
帆船运动是我非常喜爱的运动。
an
active
member
takes
an
active
part
in
is
active
in
an
activity
写自然灾害、灾难类文章
【文体感知】
自然灾害或灾难性事件主要是指自然灾害或人类行为导致的灾难性事件。命题人通常会以世界上发生的自然灾难及其救援活动命题。作文常由灾害或灾难报道引出,
要求考生就事件、预防措施、灾难事件发生时的自救方法和面对灾难的态度等进行答题。注意事项:
1.
要说明灾害发生的时间、地点、危害;
2.
对自然灾害的补救措施及经验教训和建议;
3.
要采用客观表述,
避免主观色彩。
最近几年,
中国各地经常发生洪涝灾害,
给人们的生活和社会造成极大的危害。请根据以下内容要点,
写一篇英语文章,
叙述洪涝发生时的情况,
词数100个左右。
1.
损失:
农田被毁,
房屋被冲走,
很多人无家可归;
2.
洪涝灾害的原因:
下雨达数月,
森林被砍伐,
湖泊被改造成农田;
3.
补救措施:
保护河边树木,
重建堤坝,
退耕还湖;
4.
相信经过各方努力,
我们一定能最大限度地降低自然灾害造成的危害。
【审题谋篇】
1.
体裁:
_______
2.
话题:
_________
3.
时态:
根据情景选择适当的时态
4.
人称:
_________
5.
结构:
总—分—总
说明文
自然灾害
第三人称
【词汇推敲】
1.
发生
_____________
2.
造成巨大损失
________________________
____________
3.
冲走
__________
4.
砍伐,
砍倒
________
5.
变成
________
6.
采取措施做
_________________
7.
阻止……做……
______________________
occur;
happen
cause
a
great
loss;
do/cause
great
damage
wash
away
cut
down
turn
into
take
measures
to
do
prevent.
.
.
from
doing.
.
.
【句式锻造】
1.
一句多译
①中国多地发生严重的洪涝灾害。
___________________________________________
________________________________________
②很多人无家可归。
__________________________
___________________________________________
There
are
serious
floods
in
many
places
in
China.
Serious
floods
hit/strike
many
places
in
China.
Many
people
lose
their
homes.
Many
people
become/are
made/
are
left
homeless.
2.
按要求改写句式
①农田被毁害,
房屋被冲走,
许多人无家可归。
The
floods
ruin
fields,
wash
away
houses,
and
make
many
people
homeless.
(改为被动语态)
________________________________________________________
______________
Fields
are
ruined,
houses
are
washed
away,
and
many
people
are
made
homeless.
②一些湖泊被改成农田,
这对我们的生存环境造成严重危害。
Some
lakes
have
been
turned
into
fields,
and
it
has
seriously
damaged
our
living
environment.
(改为非限制性定语从句)
____________________________________________________________
_____________________
Some
lakes
have
been
turned
into
fields,
which
has
seriously
damaged
our
living
environment.
【妙笔成篇】
In
recent
years,
floods
hit
many
places
in
China.
When
disasters,
such
as
floods,
storms
or
earthquakes
take
place,
much
damage
can
be
done
to
our
life
and
society.
Fields
are
ruined,
houses
are
washed
away,
leaving
many
people
homeless.
There
are
three
reasons
for
floods.
Firstly,
floods
usually
have
kept
raining
for
months.
Secondly,
large
areas
of
forests
have
been
cut
down,
making
soils
washed
away
easily.
Finally,
some
lakes
have
been
turned
into
fields,
which
has
seriously
damaged
our
living
environment.
Therefore,
we
must
take
measures
to
prevent
such
disasters
from
happening
again.
For
example,
we
can
protect
trees
along
the
rivers;
dams
have
to
be
rebuilt,
and
also
some
fields
should
be
turned
back
into
lakes.
I’m
sure
only
such
efforts
have
been
made
can
we
prevent
disasters
and
decline
their
damage
to
us.
【写作指导】
Ⅰ.
策略指导
1.
明确主题
英语中自然灾害类的文章一般要写明灾害的原因,
造成的危害以及预防危害的措施。
2.
写作过程
写作此类文章要按照要求进行相关词汇的积累,
句式的锻造,
内容一般按照给出的要点叙述即可。
3.
写作时一般按照“总体叙述——细节陈述——概括总结”结构。
Ⅱ.
常见的词汇和句型
1.
常用词汇:
flood水灾,
drought干旱,
landslide山崩,
earthquake地震,
tsunami海啸,
typhoon台风,
hurricane飓风,
tornado龙卷风,
volcano火山,
snowstorm暴风雪,
storm风暴,
volcano
eruption火山爆发。
2.
常用句式:
(1)Hundreds
of
houses
were
damaged
by
the
storm.
暴风雨毁坏了数百家房屋。
(2)A
number
of
houses
were
burnt
down
in
the
fire.
许多房屋在火灾中都被烧毁了。
(3)Many
houses
were
washed
away
by
the
flood.
许多房屋被洪水冲走了。
(4)After
the
earthquake,
water,
gas
and
electricity
were
all
cut
off.
地震过后,
水、气、电全都被切断了。
(5)We
don’t
know
how
many
houses
were
destroyed,
but
we
know
many
people
lost
their
homes.
我们不知道有多少房屋被摧毁,
但我们知道很多人失去了他们的家园。
(6)Many
people
were
killed
in
the
fire/accident/air
crash.
许多人死于这场火灾/事故/空难。
(7)Many
people
lost
their
precious
life
owing
to
the
strong
earthquake
in
Sichuan
Province.
因为四川大地震,
许多人失去了宝贵的生命。
(8)As
a
result,
the
three-storied
building
was
destroyed,
50
people
were
killed,
and
more
than
200
were
injured.
结果,
那座三层的建筑物被毁坏,
50人死亡,
200多人受伤。Module
3
Violence
of
Nature
Period
2
Reading
and
Vocabulary
课堂10分钟达标
Ⅰ.
单词拼写
1.
The
old
man
________
(经历)two
world
wars.
2.
Sun,
air
and
wind
________
(引起)quick
chemical
changes.
3.
Mr
and
Mrs
S
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )haw
have
bought
some
modern
________
(家具)for
their
living
room.
4.
I
wondered
where
they
would
________
(埋葬)Lady
Thatcher.
5.
Food
shortages
often
________
(发生)in
times
of
war.
6.
The
hurricane
________
(袭击)the
city
at
midnight.
7.
The
storm
was
a
very
________
(猛烈的)one.
8.
Thousands
of
people
died
in
the
natural
________
(灾难).
9.
At
this
________
(纬度)you
often
get
strong
winds.
10.
The
________
(羽毛)of
that
kind
of
bird
look
very
beautiful.
答案：1.
experienced
2.
cause
3.
furniture
4.
bury
5.
occur
6.
struck
7.
violent
8.
disaster
9.
latitude
10.
feathers
Ⅱ.
单句语法填空
1.
The
reason
__
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______
he
gave
for
being
late
was
________
he
forgot
to
set
the
alarm
clock.
【解析】which;
that。句意:
他为
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )自己迟到给出的原因是他忘了定闹钟。第一空为定语从句,
which在从句中作gave的宾语;
第二空为表语从句,
that只起连接作用,
不作句子成分。
【补偿训练】
He
was
lat
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e.
That’s
________
he
forgot
to
set
the
alarm
clock.
【解析】because。句意:
他迟到了。那
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是因为他忘了定闹钟。That’s
because.
.
.
是固定句型,
意为“那是因为……”。because引导表语从句。
2.
Tangshan
is
the
pla
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce
where
a
________
(violence)earthquake
took
place
more
than30years
ago.
【解析】violent。句意:
唐山就是三十多年前发生过一次大地震的地方。violent猛烈的,
激烈的;
形容词修饰名词,
符合题意。
3.
Has
it
ever
________
(occur)to
you
that
you
could
have
passed
the
exam
【解析】occurred。句意:
你有没有想
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )过你本可以通过考试的
it
occurs
to
sb.
that.
.
.
是固定句型,
意为“某人想到……”。
4.
Without
profession
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al
training,
you
could
pick
________
a
lot
of
bad
habits
when
playing
the
piano.
【解析】up。句意:
如果没有经过专业的训练,
弹琴时你可能染上很多坏习惯。pick
up(无意中)学到。
5.
Paul
was
taking
________
his
boots
when
the
doorbell
rang.
【解析】off。句意:
保罗正在脱靴子的时候门铃响了。take
off脱下。
6.
By
the
tim
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
he
was10,
he
________________
(learn)to
make
a
living
by
himself.
【解析】had
learned。句意:
到1
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )0岁时,
他已经学会自己谋生。by
the
time到……时,
引导时间状语从句时主句使用完成时。此处表示过去的过去,
应用过去完成时。
7.
By
1998,
Chines
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
women
had
received
6.
5
years
of
education
________
average.
【解析】on。句意:
到1998年中国妇女平均受教育时间已达6.
5年。on
average平均。
8.
If
you
continue
was
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ting
money
like
this,
you
will
end
________
losing
what
you
have.
【解析】up。句意:
如果你继续像这样浪费钱,
你终将失去你所拥有的一切。end
up以……结束。
9.
Around
1850,
a
terr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ible
disease
hit
the
potato
crop,
and
potatoes
________
(go)bad
in
the
soil.
【解析】went。句意:
在1850年左右
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
一场可怕的病害袭击了马铃薯,
因而马铃薯在地里变坏了。go
bad是固定短语,
意为“变坏”。
10.
The
furnitur
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
in
this
room
is
quite
different
from
________
in
yours
in
size
and
style.
【解析】that。句意:
这个房
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )间的家具和你的房间的家具在尺寸和风格上很不同。that指代不可数名词或可数名词单数,
furniture为不可数名词,
故用that。
Ⅲ.
句型转换
1.
It
was
difficult
for
them
to
sleep
because
of
the
noise.
→The
noise
made
_______difficult
for
them
_______
_______.
2.
Interviewing
a
famous
film
star
is
not
easy.
→_______is
difficult
_______
_______a
famous
film
star.
3.
However
hard
he
works,
he
makes
little
progress.
→_______
_______
_______hard
he
works,
he
makes
little
progress.
4.
Look
up
the
new
words
in
the
dictionary
if
necessary.
→_______
_______the
dictionary
if
necessary.
5.
Because
of
the
storm,
the
castle
was
destroyed.
→_______
_______
_______the
storm,
the
castle
now
lay
in
ruins.
6.
Jane
is
experienced
in
teaching
children.
→Jane
_______
_______
_______teaching
children.
7.
It
struck
me
that
he
might
not
have
told
the
truth.
→It
_______
_______me
that
he
might
not
have
told
the
truth.
答案：1.
it
to
sleep
2.
It
to
interview
3.
No
matter
how
4.
Refer
to
5.
As
a
result
of
6.
has
experience
in
7.
occurred
to
Ⅳ.
完成句子
1.
His
grandfather
_______
_______
_______
(在某方面有经验)gardening.
2.
(2015·扬州高一检测)
_______
_______
_______
(突然想到)me
that
I
should
give
her
a
hand.
3.
She
_______
_______
(捡起)a
wallet
on
the
playground
last
week.
4.
(2015·合肥高一检测)Their
plane
_______
_______
(起飞)at6:
00a.
m.
5.
_______
_______
(平均来说),
he
travels
to
two
cities
for
holiday
every
year.
答案：1.
is
experienced
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
in
2.
It
occurred
to
3.
picked
up
4.takes
off
5.
On
averageModule
3
Violence
of
Nature
Period
3
Grammar
Ⅰ.
把下列句子改为被动语态
1.
He
had
broken
his
arm
when
I
saw
him.
2.
Lucy
had
already
completed
the
project
when
I
arrived.
3.
I
had
sold
out
the
ticket
when
she
came.
4.
They
began
to
climb
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
mountain
after
they
had
bought
all
the
food
and
drinks.
5.
I
had
turned
off
all
the
lights
before
I
went
to
bed.
答案：1.
When
I
saw
him
his
arm
had
been
broken.
2.
When
I
arrived
the
project
had
already
been
completed.
3.
When
she
came
the
ticket
had
been
sold
out.
4.
They
began
to
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )limb
the
mountain
after
all
the
food
and
drinks
had
been
bought.
5.
All
the
lights
had
been
turned
off
before
I
went
to
bed.
Ⅱ.
把下列句子改为间接引语
1.
“I
don’t
think
I
will
be
able
to
finish
it
in
time,
”Mike
said.
2.
“It’s
the
most
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )interesting
film
I’ve
ever
seen,
”he
told
his
friend.
3.
The
doctor
said,
“The
man
has
hurt
his
leg
rather
badly.
”
4.
My
mother
said,
“Have
your
rotten
tooth
been
pulled
out ”
5.
“How
will
you
go
to
the
park ”Brown
said
to
his
younger
brother.
6.
“We’ve
lived
there
for
two
years,
”he
told
me.
7.
“I
was
here
a
few
weeks
ago,
”she
said.
8.
Wang
Jun
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aid,
“I
was
studying
when
I
saw
the
UFO
outside
the
window.
”
9.
“Light
travels
much
faster
than
sound.
”he
said.
10.
“Don’t
make
so
much
noise,
children!”she
said.
答案：1.
Mike
sa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )id
that
he
didn’t
think
he
would
be
able
to
finish
it
in
time.
2.
He
told
his
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )friend
that
it
was
the
most
interesting
film
he
had
ever
seen.
3.
The
doctor
said
that
the
man
had
hurt
his
leg
rather
badly.
4.
My
mother
asked
if
my
rotten
tooth
had
been
pulled
out.
5.
Brown
asked
his
younger
brother
how
he
would
go
to
the
park.
6.
He
told
me
that
they
had
lived
there
for
two
years.
7.
She
said
that
she
had
been
there
a
few
weeks
before.
8.
Wang
Jun
said
he
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
was
studying
when
he
saw
the
UFO
outside
the
window.
9.
He
said
that
light
travels
much
faster
than
sound.
10.
She
told
the
children
not
to
make
so
much
noise.
Ⅲ.
完形填空
Last
Sunday
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I
saw
the
worst
storm
in
years.
It 1 suddenly
in
the
mid-afternoon
and 2 more
than
three
hours.
At
first,
the
sky
g
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rew 3 all
of
a
sudden
within
minutes,
forks
of
lightning
forced
a
way
into
the
sky.
Then
it
was 4 by
the
boom-boom-boom
of 5 .
A
very
strong
wind
blew
into
my
room.
My
valuable
notes,
6 on
my
desk
in
the
room,
7 high
into
the
air.
I
jumped
up
to 8 them
but
unluckily
a
few
sheets 9 out
of
the
open
window.
10 I
ran
out
to
get
the
notes,
big
drops
of
rain
began
to 11 .
As
soon
as
I
ran
back
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
into
the
house,
the 12 began
to
pour
in
waves.
I 13 to
close
the
windows.
I
did
it
but
was
wet
all
over.
I 14 myself
with
a
towel.
Then
I
heard
a
sudden
loud 15 from
the
back
of
the
house.
I
ran
out
of
the
room
to 16 what
it
was.
A
tree
was
broken.
Part
of
its
big
branch
lay 17 the
floor.
The
table
was 18 into
pieces.
It
would 19 a
lot
of
work
to
rebuild
it.
However,
we
were 20 that
no
one
was
hurt.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,
叙述了“我”经历过的一场暴风雨的情况。
1.
A.
fell
B.
reached
C.
came
D.
went
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。暴风雨“来临”用come。fall“降落”;
reach“到达”是及物动词;
go“去”。
2.
A.
lasted
B.
kept
C.
flowed
D.
blew
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。表示“持续”时间的长短用last,
keep“保持,
维持”,
不符合语境。
3.
A.
bright
B.
grey
C.
blue
D.
dark
【解析】选D。背景常识题。由常识知道暴风雨来临前,
天会变暗(dark)。
4.
A.
followed
B.
caused
C.
made
D.
brought
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。雷鸣跟在电闪之
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )后用follow。cause“导致”;
make“形成”;
bring“带来”,
这三个动词都含有人为意味。
5.
A.
rain
B.
thunder
C.
wind
D.
storm
【解析】选B。背景常识题。由常识可知,
一般先闪电,
之后是雷鸣(thunder)。
6.
A.
placing
B.
putting
C.
lying
D.
picking
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。place与put作“放”讲时均为及物动词。lie在此意为“躺”。
7.
A.
threw
B.
jumped
C.
flew
D.
rose
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据文意,
“My
valuable
notes”是飞入(flew)空中。说明当时风力不小。
8.
A.
take
B.
catch
C.
draw
D.
stop
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。由于纸被风吹走,
“我”跳起来去抓(catch)。take“带走”;
draw“画”;
stop“停止”。
9.
A.
moved
B.
came
C.
ran
D.
sailed
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。从开着的窗户中纸“飘”了出去用sail。move“移动”;
come“来”;
run“跑”。
10.
A.
Before
B.
As
C.
During
D.
Since
【解析】选B。句式结构题。“当……的时候”用as,
表示前后两个动作几乎同时发生。
11.
A.
fall
B.
rain
C.
throw
D.
burst
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。雨从上而下降用fall“降落”。throw“扔”;
burst“爆发”。
12.
A.
storm
B.
water
C.
wind
D.
rain
【解析】选D。词汇复现题。由上段最后一句提示知选D项,
雨倾盆而下。
13.
A.
walked
B.
fought
C.
went
D.
got
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。因为当时有风,
故关窗子很用力,
用fight生动形象。
14.
A.
dried
B.
cleaned
C.
swept
D.
helped
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。由上句的wet
all
over及本句的with
a
towel知选dried。
15.
A.
noise
B.
scream
C.
voice
D.
sound
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。由下文的“A
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tree
was
broken.
”知选sound(声音)。noise“噪音”;
voice“(人的)嗓音”;
scream“叫喊”。
16.
A.
learn
about
B.
look
for
C.
see
into
D.
find
out
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。find
ou
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t“弄清楚”。learn
about“了解”;
look
for“寻找”;
see
into“调查”。我跑出去的目的是弄清楚发生了什么事。
17.
A.
across
B.
through
C.
over
D.
pass
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。acr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oss
the
floor“横在地板上”,
across指在某物体的表面上,
符合语境。through指从内部“穿过”;
over指从“上面过”;
pass指从“旁边过”。
18.
A.
turned
B.
changed
C.
broken
D.
found
【解析】选C。词语搭配题。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )树砸在桌子上,
桌子断了(break),
这里“was
broken
into
pieces”表示桌子被砸得支离破碎。
19.
A.
give B.
pay
C.
spend
D.
take
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。take在此意为“花心思,
费心”。
20.
A.
good
B.
afraid
C.
thankful
D.
careful
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。由“no
one
was
hurt”知用thankful“庆幸的”。
Ⅳ.
语法填空
阅读下面材料,
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Great
changes
have
taken
place
in
the
countryside
in
our
country.
As
a
child,
I
liv
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed
in
a
poor
family.
The
second-hand
clothes,
rain-leaking
roof
of
the
old
house
became
part
of
my
memory.
1.
,
the
worst
impression
is
that
I
2.
(feel)hungry
all
the
time.
Sometimes
hunger
hit
me
so
severely
3.
I
regarded
dried
sweet
potato
slices
as
delicious
snacks.
At
that
time,
my
dream
was
getting
enough
to
fill
my
empty
stomach.
In
the
early
y
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ears
of
the
1980s,
as
the
reform
and
opening-up
policy
4.
(carry)out,
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur
dream
came
true.
And
then,
5.
dream
became
clearer
and
clearer
in
my
mind.
I
must
try
my
best
to
escape
out
of
my
poor
and
backward
hometown.
I
worked
6.
(hard)at
my
study
than
most
of
my
classmates,
and,
after
luckily
7.
(succeed)in
the
national
college
entrance
examination,
I
realized
my
dream
again:
after
graduation,
I
became
a
citizen
working
in
a
city.
8.
the
first
college
graduate
out
of
a
remote
village,
my
success
set
9.
example
for
my
folks.
They
came
to
realize
that
schooling
is
a
good
way
to
change
one’s
fate.
In
the
following
years,
there
were
fewer
drop-outs
and
more
college
graduates
in
my
village,
10.
I
am
proud
of
even
today.
【文章大意】本文从孩子的角度讲述了农村发生的巨大变化。
1.
【解析】However。前面说生活贫苦,
后面说最坏的记忆,
有转折的意思。
2.
【解析】was
feeling。讲述过去发生的事情,
要用一般过去时,
结合all
the
time强调一直进行,
故用过去进行时。
3.
【解析】that。so.
.
.
that.
.
.
如此……以至于……。
4.
【解析】was
carried。t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
reform
and
opening-up
policy改革开放政策作主语(谓语单数),
和carry
out是被动关系,
要用被动语态。
5.
【解析】another。结合上文,
我们的梦想实现了。这里说的是另一个梦想,
用another。
6.
【解析】harder。句中出现than,
要用比较级。
7.
【解析】succeeding。after后跟动词,
要用动名词。
8.
【解析】As。作为第一个走出偏远小山村的大学生。
9.
【解析】an。固定搭配set
an
example
for
sb.
为某人树立榜样。
10.
【解析】which。非限制性定语从句,
指物用which,
指人用who,
这里指代前面整个句子,
用which。(共73张PPT)
Module
3 The
Violence
of
Nature
Period
2 Reading
and
Vocabulary
要点讲解课
Ⅰ.
根据词性及汉语提示写出单词
1.
_________
n.
飓风
2.
____________
n.
雷暴
3.
_______
n.
柱状物;
柱状体
4.
_______
n.
海流;
潮流
5.
_______
adj.
热带的
6.
__________
v.
经历
hurricane
thunderstorm
column
current
tropical
experience
7.
_______
n.
灾难
8.
_____
v.
发生
9.
______
adj.
强烈的
10.
_____
v.
引起,
导致
disaster
occur
violent
cause
Ⅱ.
根据词性和汉语写出单词,
并注意拓展词汇
1.
________
n.
闪电→light
n.
光→lighten
v.
点亮
2.
__________vt.
经历→experience
n.
经验
→experienced
adj.
有经验的
3.
________
n.
家具→furnish
vt.
陈设;
布置
4.
______adj.
猛烈的;
激烈的;
强烈的→violently
adv.
猛烈地→_______
n.
暴力
lightning
experience
furniture
violent
violence
5.
_____
vt.
&n.
(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击→(过去式)
______→(过去分词)_____________
strike
struck
struck/striken
词
汇
微
空
间
词尾-ce→-t(n.
→adj.
)
importance
n.
重要性→important
adj.
重要的
patience
n.
耐心→patient
adj.
有耐心的
distance
n.
距离→distant
adj.
遥远的
evidence
n.
证据→evident
adj.
明显的
Ⅲ.
补全下列短语
1.
find
___
弄明白
2.
refer
__
参考;
提及
3.
because
__
因为
4.
____
up
结局,
结束
5.
__
all
time
有史以来
6.
pick
___
卷起;
掀起
out
to
of
end
of
up
7.
take
___
去掉;
起飞
8.
___
average
平均起来
9.
___
the
time
到……为止
10.
___
the
late
1890s
到19世纪90年代后期
off
on
by
by
1.
experience
vt.
经历
※Have
you
ever
experienced
a
thunderstorm
你曾经经历过一场雷暴吗
※The
teacher
has
much
experience
in
solving
the
problems
among
students.
该老师在解决同学们之间的问题上很有经验。
※(2016·浙江高考)And
by
doing
so,
I
changed
an
unhappy
experience
into
the
most
amazing
adventure
of
my
life.
通过这样做,
我把人生中这段不开心的经历变为了神奇的冒险过程。
※The
teacher
is
experienced
in
solving
the
conflict
among
the
students.
这个老师在处理学生矛盾上有经验。
【自我归纳】
①experience
n.
_____(不可数名词);
_____(可数名词)
②___________
adj.
有经验的
③_______________
在……方面有经验
经验
经历
experienced
be
experienced
in
【巧学助记】“experience”大变脸
In
our
life,
we
can
experience
many
experiences
which
can
make
us
experienced.
在我们一生中我们会经历许多,
这些经历能让我们变得有经验。
【活学活用】
1.
我曾有过一次不愉快的遭遇。
I
had
___
__________
__________
once.
②我有丰富的英语教学经验。
I
have
got
__
___
__
__________
__
teaching
English.
an
unpleasant
experience
a
lot
of
experience
in
用experience的适当形式填空。
③Only
an
___________
teacher
could
get
the
children
under
control.
④Our
country
has
___________
great
changes
in
the
last
thirty
years.
⑤Yesterday
afternoon,
father
told
me
about
his
__________
as
a
young
man.
experienced
experienced
experiences
⑥(2016·芜湖高一检测)People
all
say
that
he
__
___________
in
looking
after
animals.
is
experienced
2.
bury
vt.
埋葬
※The
cemetery
where
Coghlan
was
buried
was
destroyed
by
the
hurricane.
掩埋科格伦的公墓被飓风摧毁了。
※In
the
evenings
he
buries
himself
in
his
books.
=In
the
evenings
he
is
buried
in
his
books.
每天晚上他都专心读书。
※She
buried
her
face
in
her
hands
and
cried.
她双手捂着脸哭了起来。
【自我归纳】
①________________________
忙于……,
埋头
于……
②__________________________
双手捂脸
bury
oneself
in/be
buried
in
bury
one’s
face
in
one’s
hands
【活学活用】
2.
①他的祖父母都葬在这里。
Both
his
grandparents
_____
______
here.
②他专心在花园里干活。
He
______
_______
__
the
garden.
③萨拉用双手捂住脸,
掩饰着她的痛苦。
Sarah
______
___
____
__
her
hands
to
hide
her
misery.
were
buried
buried
himself
in
buried
her
face
in
3.
occur
vi.
发生
※Almost
all
of
them
occur
in
the
US,
in
the
area
from
Texas
in
the
southeast
to
South
Dakota
in
the
north.
几乎所有的龙卷风都发生在美国,
从东南部得克萨斯州到北部的南达科他州。
※A
brilliant
idea
occurred
to
me.
我想到一个极好的主意。
※(2015·福建高考)It
would
never
have
occurred
to
us
to
deny
Papa
a
request.
我们从没有想过拒绝爸爸的请求。
※(2014·天津高考)It
did
not
occur
to
us
that
walking
was
a
hardship.
我们没有想到走路那么难。
【自我归纳】
①an
idea
occurs
to
sb.
_____________________
②It
occurs
to
sb.
to
do/It
occurs
to
sb.
that_________
___________
某人突然想起一个主意
某人突然
有……想法
【易混辨析】
occur
正式用语,
它可以指偶然地“发生”,
也可以指在指定的时间“发生,
出现”,
还可以表示抽象事物,
如思想等的“产生”。在以具体事物、事件作主语时,
可与happen互换
happen
常用词语,
指“事物或情况偶然或未能预见地发生”,
其后接不定式或用在It
happened
that.
.
.
句型中,
意为“恰好,
碰巧,
偶然”
take
place
指“发生了事先计划或预想到的事情”
break
out
指“(战争、火灾、疾病等)突然发生”
【活学活用】
3.
①我想知道这一事件是什么时候发生的。
I
want
to
know
when
this
event
_________________.
②他们都产生同样的想法。
The
same
thought
________
__
each
of
them.
occurred/happened
occurred
to
③(2013·湖南高考)迈克尔从来没想过有一天他会成为班里的一名顶尖学生。
Not
once
did
__
_____
__
Michael
that
he
could
one
day
become
a
top
student
in
his
class.
it
occur
to
用occur/happen/take
place/break
out填空。
④That
accident
_________
yesterday.
⑤A
fire
_________
during
the
night.
⑥The
meeting
_________
at8:
00as
planned.
⑦I
suppose
it
never
________
to
you
to
phone
the
police.
happened
broke
out
took
place
occurred
4.
take
off去掉;
使分离
观察例句,
写出黑体部分的含义
①They
can
take
the
fur
off
the
back
of
a
cat
and
the
feathers
off
a
chicken.
它们能_____猫背上和鸡身上的毛。
②Take
off
your
wet
clothes.
把你的湿衣服_____。
剥掉
脱掉
③The
plane
took
off
from
the
airport
and
headed
northwards
Zhengzhou.
飞机从机场_____,
往北向郑州方向飞去。
④His
career
as
a
singer
took
off
that
year
and
soon
he
became
popular.
他的歌唱事业在那年_________,
不久他就红了。
起飞
腾飞起来
【巧学助记】巧记take
off的多层含义
【活学活用】
4.
写出下列句子中take
off的含义。
①Tangerines
have
skins
that
are
easy
to
take
off.
(
)
②He
took
off
at
once
and
headed
back
to
the
hotel.
(
)
剥掉
动身
③(2016·江苏高考)Many
businesses
started
up
by
college
students
have
taken
off
thanks
to
the
comfortable
climate
for
business
creation.
(
)
④The
plane
took
off
despite
the
fog.
(
)
⑤Who
has
taken
my
book
off
the
table
(
)
成功
起飞
拿走
5.
on
average平均起来
※We
made
a
loss
today,
but
on
average
we
made
a
profit.
今天结算亏损,
但是平均起来,
我们还是赚钱。
※People
spend
an
average
of
four
hours
a
day
watching
TV.
人们平均每天看四个小时电视。
※His
average
income
is
ten
pounds
a
week.
他的平均收入为一星期10英镑。
※Our
car
averages
550
kilometres
a
week.
我们的汽车平均每周行驶550千米。
※Temperatures
are
above/below
average
for
the
time
of
year.
温度高于/低于此时的年平均气温。
【自我归纳】
①average
adj.
______________;
v.
_________
②_____________
高于平均
③_____________
低于平均
平均的;
一般的
取平均值
above
average
below
average
【活学活用】
5.
①我们平均每天接到20个电话。
We
received20calls
a
day
___
_______.
②他的收入大大低于平均水平。
His
income
is
well
______
_______.
③学生的平均年龄是19岁。
译:
________________________________
on
average
below
average
The
average
age
of
the
students
is
19.
④On
average,
we
receive
5
letters
each
day.
译:
___________________________
⑤(2015·重庆高考)Last
year
was
the
warmest
year
on
record,
with
global
temperature0.
68℃
______
the
average.
(介词填空)
我们每天平均收到五封来信。
above
6.
On
average,
there
are
800
tornadoes
in
the
US
each
year,
causing
about
80
deaths
and
1,
500
injuries.
(P23)平均来说,
美国每年发生800次龙卷风,
造成大约80人死亡,
1
500人受伤。
【句型剖析】
causing
about
80
deaths
and
1,
500
injuries是v.
-ing形式表示主动含义,
作结果状语,
表示一种顺理成章的、必然的结果。
①He
cut
off
the
electricity
quickly,
__________
an
accident.
他迅速切断了电源,
防止了一起意外事故。
②Tom
got
to
the
station
____
__
____
the
train
had
gone.
汤姆到达车站,
却发现火车已经开走了。
preventing
only
to
find
【易混辨析】
v.
-ing形式作结果状语
表示自然而然的结果,
前面可加thus
不定式作结果状语
常表示未曾料到的不愉快的结果,
常用only/just/never
to
do结构
【巧学助记】两种截然不同的“结果”
非谓语表结果,
不定式、分词可。
有区别较明显,
不定式表偶然,
有时only或just前面现。
现在分词表必然。
【活学活用】
6.
①我急急忙忙地赶到他家,
结果却发现他出去了。
I
hurried
to
his
house,
only
__
____
____
___.
②那支足球队在所有的欧洲国家踢球,
这使它出了名。
The
football
team
played
in
all
the
European
countries,
_______
__
_______.
to
find
him
out
making
it
famous
语法填空。
③(2016·天津高考)The
cooling
wind
swept
through
our
bedroom
windows,
_______
(make)
air
conditioning
unnecessary.
④(2016·重庆高一检测)A
small
plane
crashed
into
a
hillside
five
miles
east
of
the
city,
______
(kill)
all
four
people
on
board.
making
killing
⑤(2016·北京高考)Newly-built
wooden
cottages
line
the
street,
_______
(turn)
the
old
town
into
a
dreamland.
turning
【备选要点】
1.
pick
up卷起;
掀起
观察例句,
写出黑体部分的含义。
①Tornadoes
can
pick
up
cars,
trains
and
even
houses
and
put
them
down
in
the
next
street.
龙卷风能把汽车、火车甚至房屋_______,
然后把它们放到另一条街。
卷起来
②(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Sometimes
this
technique
would
not
work,
and
I
had
to
pick
up
the
set
and
shake
it
to
remove
the
sound.
有时这个办法不起作用,
我得要_____电视机,
并晃动来消除噪音。
③(2014·山东高考)Peter
drove
to
Ann’s
house
to
pick
up
his
dog.
彼得开车去了安的家,
去___他的狗。
拿起
接
④Where
did
you
pick
up
your
excellent
English
你一口漂亮的英语是从哪里_______
⑤I
picked
up
the
Voice
of
America
when
I
tried
to
tune
in
Radio
Australia.
我本试图调频到澳大利亚广播电台,
却无意中_______
了“美国之音”。
学会的
收听到
⑥After
three
months’
treatment,
his
health
has
picked
up.
经过三个月的治疗后,
他的健康状况已经_____了。
好转
【巧学助记】巧记pick
up一词多义
【活学活用】
1.
写出下列句子中pick
up的意义。
①If
you
sing
them
several
times,
your
children
will
begin
to
pick
up
the
words.
(
)
②During
the
morning
Mrs
Carter
picked
up
sticks
in
the
yard.
(
)
③A
bit
of
exercise
will
pick
you
up.
(
)
④I
picked
up
Radio
Beijing
last
night.
(
)
偶然学到
拿起,
捡起
好转
收听
⑤She
picked
up
a
valuable
first
edition
at
a
village
book
sale.
(
)
⑥The
train
regularly
stopped
to
pick
up
passengers.
(
)
⑦Twenty
men
fell
into
the
water
and
were
picked
up
by
other
boats.
(
)
⑧The
mother
picked
up
her
baby
as
soon
as
she
arrived
home.
(
)
买到
接人
救起
抱起
2.
strike
vt.
&
n.
(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击
除此含义外,
strike还表示:
打;
撞击;
(钟)敲响报时;
罢
工;
擦(火柴等);
给……以印象;
使某人突然想到等。
品读下列句子,
写出该单词在句中的含义。
①He
had
moved
to
Galveston,
where
he
died
in
1899,
a
year
before
the
hurricanes
truck.
(
)
袭击
②At
midday
the
clock
strikes
twelve.
(
)
③(2014·北京高考)I
struck
the
bear
as
hard
as
I
could
for
five
or
six
times.
(
)
④He
struck
a
match
and
lighted
a
candle.
(
)
⑤They
shouldn’t
be
striking
for
more
money.
(
)
⑥(2013·湖北高考)I
still
love
to
record
ideas
and
quotations
that
strike
me
in
books.
(
)
⑦A
good
idea
struck
me
suddenly.
(
)
报时
打
点火
罢工
给……以印象
使突然想起
【易混辨析】
strike
含义最广,
指任何方式的“打”。当表示“敲钟”时,
只用strike。它还常用于比喻意义,
如“给……以深刻印象,
(灾难)袭击,
突然想到”等
beat
指连续反复地打击,
动作可轻可重。亦可指太阳、风、雨的“照射、吹、打”,
心脏和脉搏的“跳动”
hit
指重重地打击,
侧重“打中”
knock
指敲打并伴有响声。它还有“打倒,
打翻”的意思
【活学活用】
2.
①在这个地方,
大雨、大风、雷击发生频繁。
In
this
area
heavy
rain
and
strong
wind
as
well
as
lightning
______
occurred
frequently.
②钟敲了五下,
这说明刚刚五点了。
The
clock
______
5
times,
which
meant
5
o’clock
just
now.
strikes
struck
选词填空(strike/beat/hit/knock)。
③Someone
is
________
at
the
door.
④An
earthquake
______
that
city
last
week.
⑤He
could
feel
his
heart
_______
fast.
⑥One
of
the
stones
___
the
window.
knocking
struck
beating
hit
句型转换。
⑦It
occurred
to
me
that
we
might
have
made
the
wrong
decision.
→It
______
me
that
we
might
have
made
the
wrong
decision.
struck
3.
They
can
destroy
houses,
but
leave
the
furniture
inside
exactly
where
it
was.
它们能毁掉房屋,
却把里面的家具留在原处。
【句型剖析】
句中leave
the
furniture
inside
exactly
where
it
was是“leave+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。leave表示“使……处于某种状态”。宾语补足语常使用:
形容词/副词/介词短语/名词/现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式/where引导的地点状语从句。
①Leave
the
door
_____
and
you
will
breathe
fresh
air.
让门开着你就会呼吸到新鲜的空气。
②Leave
the
boy
_____,
and
he
can
make
up
his
own
mind.
不要打扰这孩子,
他会自己作决定。
③I
told
him
to
go
away
and
leave
me
__
peace.
我叫他走开,
别来打扰我。
open
alone
in
④The
news
left
me
__________
what
would
happen
next.
这个消息使我想知道接着会发生什么事情。
⑤The
bad
weather
left
the
project
half
_______.
坏天气使工程只完成了一半。
⑥He
left,
leaving
me
__
___
all
the
rest
work.
他走了,
留下我一个人去做剩余的所有工作。
⑦Leave
the
medicine
______
the
children
can’t
reach
it.
把药放在孩子们够不到的地方。
wondering
finished
to
do
where
【活学活用】
3.
①他的病使他的身子很虚弱。
His
illness
has
left
him
very
_____.
②要把东西放在容易找到的地方。
Always
leave
things
______
you
can
easily
find
them
again.
weak
where
单句语法填空。
③(2016·成都高一检测)I’m
sorry
I’ve
left
some
of
your
questions
___________
(answer).
④Don’t
leave
the
water
_______
(run)
while
you
brush
your
teeth.
⑤(2016·泰安高一检测)Leave
the
rice
_______
(cook)
for
20
minutes
at
least.
unanswered
running
to
cook
4.
By
the
time
it
ended,
more
than
700
people
had
been
killed
and
2,
700
had
been
injured.
到这次飓风结束时,
已有700多人死亡,
2,
700多人受伤。
【句型剖析】
本句中by
the
time作连词用,
引导时间状语从句,
意为“到……为止;
不迟于……”。主句则表示在此时间之前某个事件已完成。当从句用过去时时,
主句通常用过去完成时。当从句用一般现在时时,
主句通常用将来完成时。
①By
the
time
she
was
15,
she
____
_______
three
long
novels.
15岁时,
她已经写了三部长篇小说。
②By
the
time
this
letter
reaches
you,
I
____
_____
___
the
country.
当你收到这封信时,
我将已离开这个国家了。
had
written
will
have
left
【活学活用】
4.
单句语法填空。
①(2016·青岛高一检测)By
the
time
we
arrived
at
the
area
stricken
by
the
earthquake,
the
rescue
work
____
_______
(start).
②By
the
time
you
come
here
tomorrow,
I
____
_____
___
(leave).
had
started
will
have
left
【课堂小结】
Ⅰ.
词汇串记
There
are
various
kinds
of
natural
disasters
all
over
the
world,
such
as
floods,
hurricanes,
lightning,
thunderstorm,
tornados,
earthquakes,
volcanoes
and
so
on.
They
all
demonstrate
the
violent
power
of
nature
for
us.
Once
any
of
these
natural
disasters
takes
place,
it
does
cause
great
loss
to
us.
It
is
said
that
30,
000
natural
disasters
occur
every
year
in
the
world
on
average.
Have
you
ever
experienced
a
natural
disaster
For
example,
when
a
flood
strikes
an
area,
houses
with
furniture
may
be
buried
in
mud
completely.
Ⅱ.
句式背诵
1.
His
father
died,
leaving
him
a
lot
of
money.
他父亲去世了,
留给他一大笔钱。
2.
Running
a
marathon
will
leave
you
breathless.
跑一场马拉松比赛会让你上气不接下气。
3.
The
movie
had
begun
by
the
time
we
got
there.
当我们到那儿的时候,
电影已经开始了。
4.
All
night
long
he
lay
awake,
thinking
of
the
problem.
他整夜躺在床上睡不着,
思考着那个问题。(共111张PPT)
Module
3 The
Violence
of
Nature
Introduction
&
Reading
and
Vocabulary
Ⅰ.
词义匹配
1.
lightning
A.
one
of
the
light
soft
things
that
cover
a
bird’s
body
2.
feather
B.
a
powerful
flash
of
light
in
the
sky
caused
by
electricity
and
usually
followed
by
thunder
3.
wave
C.
a
long
box
in
which
a
dead
person
is
buried
4.
coffin
D.
a
line
of
water
that
rises
up
on
the
surface
of
an
ocean,
a
lake,
or
a
river
5.
column
E.
something
that
has
a
tall
narrow
shape
6.
fur
F.
the
thick
soft
hair
that
covers
the
bodies
of
some
animals,
such
as
cats,
dogs,
and
rabbits
答案:
1~6.
BADCEF
Ⅱ.
写出黑体单词在句中的含义
1.
Many
people
had
lost
all
in
the
disaster.
(
)
2.
Smoking
can
cause
lung
cancer.
(
)
3.
She
was
struck
dead
by
lightning.
(
)
4.
A
touring
ship
sank
in
a
violent
storm
in
Changjiang
river.
(
)
5.
People
in
Syria
is
experiencing
sufferings.
(
)
灾难
引起
袭击
强烈的
经历
6.
We
buried
the
general
with
full
military
honors.
(
)
7.
When
did
the
accident
occur？(
)
8.
Many
houses
were
destroyed
by
the
flood.
(
)
埋葬
发生
洪水
Ⅲ.
根据语境猜测黑体短语的含义
1.
Many
houses
have
been
down
to
the
ground
because
of
a
recent
violent
earthquake.
(
)
2.
Do
you
believe
that
tornadoes
can
pick
up
cars,
trains
and
even
houses
into
the
air (
)
3.
He
took
the
feathers
off
the
chicken
and
cut
it
into
pieces.
(
)
由于，因为
卷起，掀起
去掉
4.
How
much
do
you
earn
a
month
on
average (
)
5.
We
agreed
to
have
a
big
dinner
together,
and
somehow
they
ended
up
at
my
house.
(
)
平均
结果为……，以……结束
Ⅳ.
根据语境及汉语提示写出相应的短语
1.
Please
tell
me
who
your
words
_______(指的是,
涉及,
有关).
2.
Would
you
go
and
_______(调查清楚,
弄明白)when
the
train
for
Jinan
leaves
this
afternoon
3.
What
is
the
worst
disaster
_________(有史以来)in
your
opinion
4.
__________(到……时候为止)he
was
ten,
he
had
already
learned
about
7
kinds
of
languages.
refer
to
find
out
of
all
time
By
the
time
Ⅰ.
速读文章判断正误(T/F)
1.
All
tornadoes
have
winds
of
more
than
400
kilometres
per
hour.
( )
2.
There
are
more
tornadoes
occurring
in
the
US
than
in
other
parts
of
the
world.
( )
3.
Tornadoes
can’t
destroy
furniture
because
they
are
not
violent
enough.
( )
4.
In
the
US,
there
are
usually
about
80
people
killed
in
tornadoes
every
year.
( )
5.
The
worst
tornado
in
history
killed
at
least
700
people
in
the
US.
( )
6.
Every
year
there
are
six
Atlantic
hurricanes.
( )
7.
Both
the
worst
tornado
and
the
worst
hurricane
occurred
in
the
US.
( )
8.
The
worst
hurricane
of
all
time
killed
about
one
sixth
of
the
population
in
the
US.
( )
9.
Charles
Coghlan
didn’t
become
famous
until
he
moved
to
New
York.
( )
10.
Coghlan’s
coffin
was
destroyed
by
the
1900
Galveston
hurricane.
( )
答案:
1~5.
FTFFT 6~10.
FTFTF
Ⅱ.
细读文章选择最佳答案
1.
In
1925
the
worst
tornado
of
all
time
affected
the
following
US
states
EXCEPT________
.
A.
Texas
B.
Missouri
C.
Illinois
D.
Indiana
2.
On
average,
tornadoes
cause
about________
deaths
and________
injuries
in
the
US
each
year.
A.
6,
000;
3,
600
B.
6,
000;
37,
000
C.
700;
2,
700
D.
80;
1,
500
3.
Where
did
Charles
Coghlan
become
famous
A.
In
Galveston.
B.
In
New
York.
C.
In
Canada.
D.
In
Ireland.
4.
Which
statement
is
NOT
true
A.
The
worst
tornado
of
all
time
occurred
in
the
US
in
1925.
B.
Hurricanes
usually
occur
in
the
southern
Atlantic
Ocean,
the
Caribbean
Sea
and
the
Gulf
of
Mexico.
C.
Hurricanes
usually
affect
the
west
coast
of
the
US.
D.
The
Irish
actor,
Charles
Coghlan,
died
one
year
before
the
1900
Galveston
hurricane
struck.
5.
Which
of
the
following
happened
most
recently
A.
The
worst
tornado
which
affected
three
US
states.
B.
The
worst
hurricane
which
happened
in
Galveston.
C.
The
destruction
of
Charles
Coghlan’s
cemetery.
D.
The
discovery
of
Charles
Coghlan’s
coffin.
Ⅲ.
复读文章完成空格
A
tornado,
which
is
a
rotating
1.
________
of
air
from
a
thunderstorm
to
the
ground
usually
2.
________
in
the
US,
3.
________
several
US
states
greatly.
Hurricanes,
which
are
strong
4.
________
storms,
usually
5.
________
the
east
coast
of
the
US
from
Texas
to
Maine,
the
6.
________
one
of
which
caused
6,
000
7.
________
,
and
destruction
of
3,
600
buildings.
Here
is
a
story
about
the
worst
hurricane.
Charles
Coghlan,
a
famous
Irish
actor,
moved
to
Canada,
then
New
York,
and
finally
Galveston,
where
he
died
in
1899,
a
year
before
the
hurricane
occurred.
In
the
hurricane,
his
8.
________
was
destroyed
and
his
coffin
9.
________
in
the
sea,
which
was
10.
________
by
the
Gulf
Stream
to
his
home
on
Prince
Edward
Island
in
the
east
of
Canada
eight
years
later.
答案:
1.
column 2.
occurs 3.
affecting 4.
tropical
5.
hit/strike/affect 6.
worst 7.
deaths 8.
cemetery
9.
ended
up 10.
carried
【读而后思】
The
violence
of
nature
is
very
terrible,
especially
earthquakes.
Can
you
tell
us
the
effects
of
earthquakes
____________________________________________________________
_________
___________________________________________________________
_______________________________
________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________
(1)Earthquakes
may
make
many
people
lose
their
home
and
relatives
suddenly.
(2)Sometimes,
earthquakes
can
cause
severe
tsunami,
and
each
of
us
cannot
forget
the
tsunami
in
Japan.
(3)As
far
as
I
know,
most
people
in
the
earthquake-stricken
areas
need
a
long
time
to
get
rid
of
the
bad
effects
caused
by
earthquakes,
especially
those
who
lost
their
relatives.
1.
experience
vt.
经历 n.
经验，经历
Do
you
know
anyone
who
has
experienced
one
of
the
events
你认识经历过这些事件的人吗？
The
city
experienced
over
2,
000
such
accidents
last
year.
去年这座城市发生了2
000多起这样的事故。
【归纳拓展】
(1)have
an
experience
in 有在……方面的经历
from/by
experience 凭经验；从经验中(得出)
(2)experienced
adj.
有经验的，熟练的
be
experienced
in 在……方面有经验
We
have
much
experience
(in)
dealing
with
all
kinds
of
disasters.
我们有很多经验对付各种灾害。
Can
you
tell
me
your
experiences
in
America
你能告诉我你在美国的经历吗？
My
father
is
experienced
in
making
all
kinds
of
furniture.
我父亲在制作各种家具方面很有经验。
【名师点津】experience的双面性
experience作名词，作“经验”讲时，是不可数名词，如rich
experience；作“经历”讲时，是可数名词，如a
terrible
experience一次可怕的经历。作动词时，意为“体验，经历”，是及物动词。
【即学活用】用experience的适当形式完成句子。
①My
teacher
has
_______________in
teaching
English.
我的老师有很多英语教学经验。
②He
___________
a
lot
of
difficulties
(in)
doing
that
work.
做那项工作时，他经历了很多困难。
③He
had
_________________________while
travelling
in
Africa.
他在非洲旅行时,
有许多有趣的经历。
much
experience
experienced
many
interesting
experiences
④(2015·安徽高考)If
you
come
to
visit
China,
you
will a
culture
of
amazing
depth
and
variety.
A.
develop
B.
create
C.
substitute
D.
experience
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
如果你来参观中国,
你将会体验到一种令人惊奇的深奥并且多样的文化。develop发展;
create创造;
substitute替代;
experience体验。结合句意,
选D。
2.
cause
vt.
引起；导致
Do
you
know
anything
about
the
events
For
example,
what
causes
them
你知道这些事件的有关情况吗？比如，什么引起这些事件的？
What
caused
her
to
change
her
mind
是什么使她改变了主意？
【归纳拓展】
(1)cause
sb.
to
do
sth.
引得/使得某人做某事
cause
sb.
sth.
=
cause
sth.
to
sb.
给某人引起/带来……
(2)cause
n.
原因，理由；事业
He
apologized
for
causing
me
some
embarrassment.
=He
apologized
for
causing
some
embarrassment
to
me.
他为给我带来难堪而道歉。
Carelessness
is
often
the
cause
of
fires.
粗心大意常常是火灾的起因。
We
should
work
for
the
cause
of
world
peace.
我们应该为争取世界和平而努力。
【易混辨析】
cause
指产生某种现象或结果的必然原因,
即主要是事实方面的原因,
常用cause
of.
.
.
reason
指用来解释某种现象或结果的理由。这种理由可能是也可能不是真正的原因,
强调逻辑推理方面的理由,
后面接介词for或why引导的定语从句
【即学活用】完成句子。
①Carelessness
is
___________his
failure.
粗心是他失败的原因。
②The
child
_____________________________.
=The
child
_______________________________.
这个孩子给他的父母带来了很多麻烦。
the
cause
of
caused
his
parents
a
lot
of
trouble
caused
a
lot
of
trouble
to
his
parents
③That
area
was
hit
by
an
unexpected
heavy
rain,
and
it________
a
severe
flood.
A.
resulted B.
caused C.
led D.
made
【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意:
那个地区遭受突如其来的暴雨袭击,
并引发了严重的洪水灾害。cause意为“导致,
引起”,
符合题意。result
in和lead
to也表示“导致”;
make制造。
3.
occur
vi.
发生
Almost
all
of
them
occur
in
the
US,
in
the
area
from
Texas
in
the
southeast
to
South
Dakota
in
the
north.
几乎所有的龙卷风都发生在美国，这个地区分布在从东南部的得克萨斯州到北部的南达科他州。
When
he
was
walking
in
the
street
this
morning,
a
new
idea
occurred
to
him.
今天早晨他在街上散步时突然想到了一个新主意。
It
suddenly
occurred
to
me
that
it
might
be
because
of
the
power
failure.
我突然想到，这可能是因为停电了。
【归纳拓展】
sth.
occur(s)
to
sb.
某事浮现在某人的脑海中
It
occurs
to
sb.
that.
.
.
/to
do
sth.
……的念头浮现于(某人)脑海
【易混辨析】
occur
正式用语,
常与to连用,
一般情况下可与happen互换;
当表示在脑海中出现某种想法时用occur
happen
普通用词,
一般指意外事件的发生;
表示“某人发生了某事”,
用sth.
happened
to
sb.
;
表示“碰巧做某事”用happen
to
do
sth.
take
place
通常指某事经过安排而发生
break
out
多指战争、地震、火灾的突然发生
【即学活用】用occur/happen/take
place/break
out完成句子。
①When
the
accident
happened，I
_________
to
be
there.
②Should
another
world
war
_________，what
would
become
of
human
beings
③Anything
unexpected
might
_____________.
④The
wedding
will
_________on
Christmas
Day
in
St.
Peter’s
Church.
happened
break
out
happen/occur
take
place
⑤—Why
are
you
so
late
—I
was
in
the
half
way
when
it to
me
that
I
had
left
my
notebook
at
home,
so
I
had
to
fetch
it.
A.
occurred B.
hit C.
happened D.
reminded
【解析】选A。考查句式结构。句意:
——你怎么来得这么晚 ——我在半路突然想到我把笔记本忘到家里了,
所以我不得不回去拿了。It
occurred
to
sb.
that.
.
.
意为“某人突然想到某事”,
符合句意和句子结构,
选择A项。
【思维延伸】补充练习
(2012·江西高考)It
suddenly
occurred
to
him he
had
left
his
keys
in
the
office.
A.
whether
B.
where
C.
which
D.
that
【解析】选D。考查it的用法和固定句型。句意:
他突然想到他把钥匙忘在办公室里了。It
occurs/occurred
to
sb.
that.
.
.
意为“某人突然想到某事”,
其中it是形式主语,
后面的that从句是真正的主语。其他选项没有此用法。
4.
strike
vt.
&
n.
(strike,
struck,
struck/stricken)(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击
By
the
late
1890s,
he
had
moved
to
Galveston,
where
he
died
in
1899,
a
year
before
the
hurricane
struck.
19世纪90年代后期，他搬到了加尔维斯顿，1899年即发生飓风的前一年在这里去世。
A
moderate
earthquake
struck
the
northeastern
United
States
early
on
Saturday.
美国东北部周六早晨遭遇了一次中等强度的地震。
The
first
thing
that
struck
me
about
my
deskmate
was
his
confidence.
关于我的同桌我想到的第一件事就是他的自信。
【归纳拓展】
(1)sth.
strike(s)
sb.
某人突然想到某事
It
strikes
sb.
+
that-从句
某人一下想到
be
struck
by
被……打动；给……以印象
(2)strike
vt.
打；敲击；(时钟)敲响；罢工
It
struck
me
that
the
man
was
not
telling
the
truth.
我猛地意识到那个人没说真话。
I
was
deeply
struck
by
the
beauty
of
Shangri-La.
香格里拉的美景给我留下了深刻的印象。
Strike
while
the
iron
is
hot.
(谚语)趁热打铁。
The
town
clock
struck
midnight
when
I
got
home.
我到家时镇上的时钟刚刚敲响半夜的钟声。
The
coal
miners
struck
for
better
safety
conditions.
煤矿工人罢工要求改善安全状况。
【易混辨析】
hit
指“打中或对准……来打;
敲打或打击对方的某一点;
受欢迎的人或事物”
beat
着重“连续地打击”。例如:
殴打或体罚;
也指在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方;
也指“心跳”
strike
通常指一下一下地打或敲击;
留下印记等;
还有“打动;
使……着迷;
某种想法突然闪现在脑海里”的含义;
也可指“(钟)敲响”
knock
指敲打并伴有响声,
它还有“打倒,
打翻”的意思
【思维延伸】“某人突然想起……”句型归纳：
It
occurs
to
sb.
that.
.
.
It
strikes
sb.
that.
.
.
It
hits
sb.
that.
.
.
【即学活用】用strike/hit/beat/knock完成句子。
①The
rain
was
_______
against
the
window.
②The
ball
_________
him
on
the
head.
③A
car
________
the
girl
down.
④The
Chinese
Volleyball
team
____
Cuba
by
3∶1
in
the
opening
game.
beating
struck/hit
knocked
beat
5.
pick
up
卷起，掀起
Tornadoes
can
pick
up
cars,
trains
and
even
houses
and
put
them
down
in
the
next
street—or
even
in
the
next
town.
龙卷风能卷起汽车、火车，甚至房子，把它们卷到旁边的街道——甚至能卷到邻近的城镇。
I
picked
up
my
sleeves
and
began
to
plant
trees.
我卷起衣袖开始植树。
【归纳拓展】
pick
up
捡起，拿起；上车，用车接；接收，收听
(节目等)；(偶然)获得，得到；好转；恢复(健康)
pick
out
精心挑选；辨别
The
children
picked
up
many
seashells
at
the
seashore.
孩子们在海边捡到许多贝壳。
He
has
never
studied
French；what
he
knows
is
what
he
picked
up
while
living
in
France.
他从未学过法语，他所懂的(法语)是他在法国居住时偶然学到的。
The
bus
stopped
to
pick
up
the
students.
公共汽车停下来让学生们上车。
My
new
radio
can
pick
up
the
VOA
programmes
clearly.
我新买的收音机能清楚地接收《美国之音》节目。
【即学活用】写出黑体部分短语的含义。
①She
kept
picking
up
magazines
and
putting
them
down
again.
(
)
②If
you
sing
it
several
times，your
children
will
begin
to
pick
up
the
words.
(
)
③I
managed
to
pick
up
an
American
news
broadcast.
(
)
④Shall
I
pick
you
up
at
the
station
(
)
⑤The
world
economy
is
picking
up.
(
)
拿起
学会
收听
用车接
好转
⑥(2012·四川高考)It’s
surprising
that
your
brother________
Russian
so
quickly—he
hasn’t
lived
there
very
long.
A.
picked
up
B.
looked
up
C.
put
up
D.
made
up
【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
你哥哥这么快就学会了俄语真是令人惊讶——他在那儿还没住多长时间呢。pick
up拾起,
捡起,
(偶然)得到,
学会;
look
up仰望,
查阅,
尊敬,
拜访;
put
up举起,
张贴,
提供,
建造,
推举,
提名,
供给……住宿;
make
up组成,
化妆,
整理。
⑦Receiving
good
treatment,
she
was
beginning
to and
soon
came
back
to
work.
A.
pick
up
B.
wake
up
C.
grow
up
D.
show
up
【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
由于接受了很好的治疗,
她的身体开始好转,
很快她就能重新工作了。pick
up好转,
变好;
wake
up苏醒,
醒来;
grow
up成长,
长大;
show
up露面,
出现。根据句意和短语意义选择A项。
6.
take
off
去掉，脱掉；(飞机)起飞，开始受欢迎
They
can
take
the
fur
off
the
back
of
a
cat
and
the
feathers
off
a
chicken.
它们可以将猫背上的皮毛和鸡身上的羽毛拔下来。
The
flight
takes
off
at
midnight
in
Shanghai
and
lands
in
about
one
and
a
half
hours
in
Tianjin.
本次航班午夜在上海起飞，大约一个半小时后在天津着陆。
【归纳拓展】
We’re
taking
in
50
new
staff
this
year.
今年我们要吸收五十名新员工。
This
table
takes
up
too
much
room.
这张桌子太占地方。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①I’m
sorry
to
have
________(占据)
so
much
of
your
valuable
time.
②The
plane
________(起飞)in
five
minutes.
③Who
will
________(接管)
the
business
after
you
have
left
office
④Please
_________(写下)
what
I
said
at
your
notebook.
⑤He
_______(摘掉)his
glasses
and
put
them
into
pocket.
taken
up
takes
off
take
over
take
down
took
off
⑥E-shopping
will when
people
make
sure
that
it
is
safe.
A.
take
off
B.
put
up
C.
set
off
D.
set
up
【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
当人们确信网上购物安全时,
它会受到人们欢迎的。take
off开始走红,
开始受欢迎;
put
up张贴,
举起;
set
off出发,
放出;
set
up建立,
树立。根据句意和短语意义选择A项。
【思维延伸】
(2013·辽宁高考)Briggs
will________
as
general
manager
when
Mitchell
retires.
A.
get
away
B.
take
over
C.
set
off
D.
run
out
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
Mitchell退休后Briggs将接替他任总经理。A项表示“离开,
脱身,
逃掉”;
B项表示“接替,
接管”;
C项表示“动身,
出发”;
D项表示“用光,
耗尽”。
7.
on
average
平均起来
On
average,
there
are
800
tornadoes
in
the
US
each
year,
causing
about
80
deaths
and
1,
500
injuries.
美国平均每年会发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1
500人受伤。
It
takes
me
two
hours
a
day
to
play
table
tennis
on
average.
平均起来，我每天花两小时打乒乓球。
【归纳拓展】
(1)above
average
在平均水平以上
below
average
在平均水平以下
with
the
average
of
平均为
(2)average
adj.
平均的，平均数的
v.
平均，平均为
His
income
is
well
above
average/below
average.
他的收入大大高于/低于平均水平。
The
average
rainfall
was
just
18.
75
cm
last
year,
making
it
the
driest
year
since
California
became
a
state
in
1850.
去年平均降雨只有18.
75厘米，使得去年成为自1850年加利福尼亚州成立以来最干燥的一年。
The
cost
of
living
in
my
home
now
averages
about
2,
000
yuan
per
month.
我家现在的月平均生活费用大约是2
000元。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①These
marks
are
well
_____________.
这些分数远在平均水平以下。
②We
fail
one
student
per
year
__________.
我们平均每年有一个学生不及格。
③______________________
last
month
was
18℃.
上月的平均气温是18摄氏度。
④The
rainfall
here
________
36
inches
a
year.
这里年降雨量平均为36英寸。
below
average
on
average
The
average
temperature
averages
⑤(2015·重庆高考)Last
year
was
the
warmest
year
on
record,
with
global
temperature
0.
68℃ the
average.
A.
below
B.
on
C.
at
D.
above
【解析】选D。考查介词。句意:
去年是有记录以来最温暖的一年,
全球的气温比平均高0.
68摄氏度。above
the
average超过一般水平,
在平均数以上。
8.
end
up
结果为……，以……结束
The
cemetery
where
Coghlan
was
buried
was
destroyed
by
the
hurricane
and
Coghlan’s
coffin
ended
up
in
the
sea.
掩埋科格伦的公墓被飓风所摧毁，他的棺材最后被卷入了大海。
【归纳拓展】
end
up
in
以……结束(接表示结果的名词)
in
with
以……结束(接表示伴随方式的名词)
in
as
作为……而结束
in
doing
以……方式结束
The
movie
ends
up
with
the
wedding
of
the
young
man
and
girl.
电影以男青年与姑娘的婚礼作为结尾。
At
first
he
refused
to
accept
any
responsibility
but
he
ended
up
apologizing.
最初他拒不承认有任何责任，结果还是道了歉。
【名师点津】
end
up
with的反义短语是begin
with/start
with。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①He
___________the
head
of
the
company.
他最后成为这家公司的老板。
②We
were
to
go
out,
but
_________________TV
at
home.
我们原计划外出,
但结果却在家看电视。
③Smell
the
flowers
before
you
go
to
sleep,
and
you
may
just
___________a
sweet
dream.
睡觉前闻一闻花的香味,
你也许会做个好梦。
④Their
effort
___________failure.
他们的努力以失败而告终。
ended
up
as
ended
up
watching
end
up
with
ended
up
in
⑤(2015·天津高一检测)Joining
the
firm
as
a
clerk,
he
got
rapid
promotion,
and________
as
a
manager.
A.
ended
up
B.
dropped
out
C.
came
back
D.
started
off
【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
他加入公司时是一名职员,
很快得到了提升,
最后当上了经理。end
up
as作为……而结束;
drop
out退出,
退学;
come
back回来;
start
off动身,
出发。只有A项符合题意。
【思维延伸】
(2012·安徽高考)The
athlete’s
years
of
hard
training when
she
finally
won
the
Olympic
gold
medal.
A.
went
on
B.
got
through
C.
paid
off
D.
ended
up
【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
当这位运动员最终获得奥运金牌时,
她多年的艰苦训练终于有了回报。A项意为“继续进行”;
B项意为“经历;
通过;
完成”;
C项意为“取得成功;
奏效;
(努力等)有了回报”;
D项意为“结束”。
9.
The
worst
tornado
of
all
time
occurred
in
1925,
affecting
three
US
states:
Missouri,
Illinois
and
Indiana.
有史以来最严重的一次龙卷风发生在1925年,
影响了美国的三个州:
密苏里州、伊利诺伊州和印第安纳州。
【句式分析】
(1)本句中的affecting
three
US
states是现在分词短语作结果状语。
(2)现在分词作结果状语时,
其逻辑主语就是主句的主语;
作结果状语的动词对句子的谓语动词起补充说明的作用。
His
father
died，leaving
him
a
lot
of
money.
他父亲去世了，留给他一大笔钱。
The
child
fell，striking
his
head
against
the
door
and
cutting
it.
小孩摔了一跤，头撞在门上碰破了。
Football
is
played
all
over
the
world,
making
it
a
worldwide
famous
game.
全世界都踢足球，使得它成为一项世界著名的运动项目。
【名师点津】现在分词作结果状语与不定式作结果状语的区别
现在分词作结果状语表自然而然的结果；
不定式作结果状语表意想不到的结果，常用only/just/never
to
do结构。
He
was
caught
in
the
rain,
thus
making
himself
catch
a
cold.
他淋雨了，因此感冒了。
I
hurried
to
the
post
office
only
to
find
it
closed.
我匆匆地去了邮局，却发现它已经关门了。(“邮局关门了”这个结果出乎“我”的意料)
【即学活用】完成句子。
①A
small
plane
crashed
into
a
hillside
five
miles
east
of
the
city,
______
all
four
people
on
board.
一架小飞机在这座城市东部5英里处坠落到山坡上，造成机上四
人全部死亡。
②He
left
his
hometown
at
an
early
age
to
make
a
living,
__________________since
then.
他很早就离开家乡出外谋生，结果再也没有听到他的消息。
killing
never
to
be
heard
of
③(2015·西安高一检测)More
highways
have
been
built
in
China,
________
it
much
easier
for
people
to
travel
from
one
place
to
another.
A.
making B.
made C.
to
make D.
having
made
【解析】选A。考查现在分词作结果状语。句意:
现在中国建成了越来越多的公路,
使得人们从一个地方到另一个地方旅游变得更加容易。句中making
it
much
easier.
.
.
为非谓语动词短语作结果状语,
且动词make与前面所表达的含义为主动关系,
故选择现在分词短语作状语。
10.
By
the
time
it
ended,
more
than
700
people
had
been
killed
and
2,
700
had
been
injured.
等到风停时,
已有700多人死亡,
2
700多人受伤。
【句式分析】
(1)本句中By
the
time作连词用,
引导时间状语从句,
意为“到……为止;
不迟于……”,
此时主句常用完成时态。
(2)由于本句中By
the
time后面的句子中使用了一般过去时,
故主句中应该使用过去完成时。
(3)如果by
the
time后面的句子使用一般现在时,
主句常用将来完成时,
有时也可用一般将来时。
By
the
time
she
was
15,
she
had
written
three
long
novels.
当她15岁时，她已经写了三部长篇小说。
By
the
time
this
letter
reaches
you,
I
will
have
left
the
country.
当你收到这封信时，我已经离开这个国家了。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①By
the
time
he
was
12,
he
____________(travel)to
more
than
30
countries.
②By
the
time
I
graduate
next
year,
I
_____________(live)here
for
5
years.
had
travelled
will
have
lived
③By
the
time
the
fire
caused
by
a
careless
smoker
was
put
out,
the
factory completely.
A.
destroyed
B.
would
be
destroyed
C.
has
destroyed
D.
had
been
destroyed
【解析】选D。考查动词时态。句意:
由一个粗心的吸烟者而引起的火灾被扑灭的时候,
那家工厂已经完全被烧毁了。by
the
time意为“到……时候为止”,
后面的从句是一般过去时时,
主句应该使用过去完成时;
且主语factory与动词destroy是动宾关系,
动词还应该使用被动语态,
故选择D项。
【思维延伸】
①Hurry
up,
or
the
tickets________
out
by
the
time
we
get
there.
A.
will
have
sold
B.
will
sell
C.
will
be
selling
D.
will
have
been
sold
【解析】选D。考查时态和语态。句意:
快点,
否则当我们到达那里时,
票就已经被卖完了。sell
out意为“卖完”,
tickets与sell
out之间为被动关系,
故用被动语态;
由by
the
time
we
get
there可知要用将来完成时。
②By
the
time
you back,
we
will
have
finished
all
the
work.
A.
come
B.
comes
C.
will
come
D.
has
come
【解析】选A。考查动词时态。句意:
到你回来的时候,
我们就已经完成所有的工作了。by
the
time意为“到……时候为止”,
后面的从句是一般现在时表示一般将来时时,
主句使用将来完成时,
故选择A项。
【要点拾遗】
1.
flood
n.
洪水，水灾
v.
淹没；大量涌入
Many
regions
had
been
badly
hit
by
floods.
很多地区遭受了严重的水灾。
Large
numbers
of
immigrants
flooded
into
the
area.
大批移民涌入了这个地区。
【归纳拓展】
a
flood
of
大量的
be
flooded
with
充满
flood
in/into
涌入
I
received
a
flood
of
letters
against
the
time
change.
我收到了大量的信件反对改变时间。
Memories
of
his
childhood
came
flooding
back
into
his
mind.
他童年的往事涌上心头。
The
office
was
flooded
with
complaints.
办事处收到如洪水般涌至的投诉信件。
When
I
drew
the
curtains
back，the
sunlight
flooded
in.
我拉开窗帘，阳光照进房间。
【巧学助记】
Look!
This
place
is
flooded
and
the
person
in
the
flood
is
in
danger.
看！这个地方被洪水淹没了，在洪水中的
这个人正处于危险中。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①The
room
_______________autumnal
sunlight.
那个房间充满了秋天的阳光。
②Fan
letters
_________.
崇拜者的信像潮水般涌来。
③The
river
burst
its
banks
and
________________.
河水冲破堤岸,
淹没了山谷。
was
flooded
with
flooded
in
flooded
the
valley
④Japanese
cars
_______________
the
American
market.
日本汽车已充斥美国市场。
⑤_________________________
in
the
houses
by
the
river.
这场大雨下得河边的房子里都进了水。
have
flooded
into
The
heavy
rain
caused
floods
2.
current
n.
海流；潮流；水流；气流；电流
adj.
当前的；现在的
He
swam
to
the
shore
against
a
strong
current.
他逆着急流游向岸边。
Birds
use
warm
air
currents
to
help
their
flight.
鸟类利用暖气流帮助飞行。
The
current
includes
a
direct
current
and
an
alternating
current.
电流分直流电和交流电。
【归纳拓展】
currently
adv.
目前；当前
current
account
活期存款账户；往来账户
current
affairs
时事
Ministers
are
worried
by
this
current
of
anti-government
feeling.
部长们被这股反政府情绪所困扰。
He
is
your
current
employer.
他是你现在的雇主。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①To
swim
in
this
river
now
is
dangerous,
for
__________
is
too
swift.
现在在这条河里游泳是很危险的,
因为水流太急了。
②Our
director
is
_________
in
London.
我们公司的董事目前在伦敦。
③We
must
be
concerned
about
________________
at
home
and
abroad.
我们必须关注国内外的时事。
the
current
currently
the
current
affairs
3.
furniture
n.
家具
I
can’t
think
of
a
single
piece
of
furniture
in
my
house
that
I
bought
new.
我想不出我家里有一件家具是买的新的。
I
heard
you
were
selling
the
old
furniture
cheap.
我听说你在廉价转让旧家具。
【名师点津】
furniture为不可数名词，不能说a
furniture，也不能说furnitures。表示“一件家具”要说a
piece
of
furniture。
【归纳拓展】
furnish
vt.
为……提供家具；布置
be
furnished
with
装饰有……；陈设有……
The
room
was
furnished
with
a
desk
and
a
telephone.
这个房间配有一张书桌和一部电话。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①She
moved
____________around.
她把家具四处移动。
②They’ve
bought
_____________
for
their
new
house.
他们买了些家具布置新房子。
③The
house
____________
simply.
这个房子陈设简朴。
the
furniture
some
furniture
was
furnished
4.
bury
vt.
埋葬
All
his
family
are
buried
in
the
same
cemetery.
他所有的家人都埋葬在同一个墓地。
He
was
buried
with
his
wife.
他和他的妻子葬在了一起。
In
the
evenings
he
buried
himself
in
his
books.
每天晚上他都埋头读书。
【归纳拓展】
bury
oneself
in
=
be
buried
in
专心致志于
bury
one’s
face
in
one’s
hands
双手掩面
be
buried
alive
被活埋
be
buried
in
thought
在沉思中
She
buried
her
face
in
her
hands
and
cried
bitterly.
她双手掩面痛哭了起来。
She
was
buried
in
thought
and
I
didn’t
know
what
was
in
her
mind.
她在沉思，我不知道她在想什么。
【巧学助记】
情景记忆bury
【即学活用】完成句子。
①I
shall
________________________my
study
if
I
want
to
pass
the
exam.
要想通过考试,
我应该埋头学习。
②She
was
sitting
with
her
head
________
a
newspaper.
她坐着埋头看报纸。
③Where
__
Shakespeare
______
莎士比亚葬于何处
be
buried
in/bury
myself
in
buried
in
is
buried
④The
old
man
____________
his
research
at
the
moment.
这个老人当时在致力于他的研究。
⑤__________________,
he
didn’t
know
that
all
the
others
had
left.
因为专注于学习,
他不知道别人都走了。
was
buried
in
Buried
in
his
studies
5.
violent
adj.
猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的
The
enemies
started
another
violent
attack.
敌人又发动了一轮猛攻。
Being
in
a
violent
temper，he
hit
his
wife
in
the
face.
盛怒之下，他打了妻子一记耳光。
【归纳拓展】
violence
n.
猛烈；暴力(行为)
with
violence
剧烈地
violently
adv.
激/剧/猛烈地
The
violence
of
the
hurricane
caused
great
damage.
猛烈的飓风造成了巨大的损失。
【即学活用】用violent的适当形式填空。
①It
is
the
duty
of
everyone
to
obey
this
law，but
without
using
_______.
②Fortunately，no
one
was
killed
in
this
______
storm
yesterday.
③Several
people
were
________
attacked
in
that
dark
street
within
a
week.
violence
violent
violentlyModule
3
Violence
of
Nature
Period
3
Grammar
课堂10分钟达标
Ⅰ.
用所给词或短语的适当形式填空
1.
By
the
time
Edison
was
ten,
a
chemistry
lab
___________
(build).
2.
The
dish
___________
(eat)up
when
I
got
there.
3.
___________
the
new
plan
___________
(discuss)before
the
meeting
4.
Was
the
boy
reminded
that
his
homework
___________
(not
hand
in)
5.
Which
hospi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tal
___________
Mary
___________
(send)to
before
midnight
答案：1.
had
been
built
2.
had
been
eaten
3.
Had;
been
discussed
4.
had
not
been
handed
in
5.
had;
been
sent
Ⅱ.
单句语法填空
1.
Yesterday
our
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
teacher
told
us
that
light
________
(travel)much
faster
than
sounds.
【解析】travels。句意:
昨天老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快得多。直接引语是客观真理和永恒不变的事实时,
变为间接引语时,
时态不变。
2.
—Were
you
late
for
the
film
—Very
late.
Half
of
it
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
________
(show)by
the
time
we
________
(reach)the
cinema.
【解析】had
been
sh
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )own;
reached。——你看电影迟到了吗
——迟到了,
当我们到电影院的时候,
电影已经演了一半了。by
the
time+时间状语从句,
当从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时,
主句的谓语动词则用过去完成时。
【补偿训练】
By
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
time
he
finished
his
homework,
he
________
(feel)very
tired.
【解析】felt。句意:
到他写完作业的时候,
他觉得累极了。根据句意可知,
finish和feel两个动作几乎同时发生,
所以都使用一般过去时态。
3.
What
made
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
school
famous
was
that
more
than90%
of
the
students
________
________
(admit)to
key
universities.
【解析】had
been
admitted。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句意:
使这所学校出名的是90%多的学生被重点大学录取。more
than90%
of
the
students与admit之间是被动关系,
且admit这一动作发生在谓语动词之前,
故用过去完成时的被动结构。
4.
—Ann,
what
did
the
teacher
say
—She
said
________
film
was
moving.
【解析】that。句意:
——安,
老师说什么了
——她说那部电影很感人。在直接引语中指示代词用this,
在间接引语中用that。
5.
Tim
________
(ask)me
to
repeat
my
address.
【解析】asked。句意:
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )蒂姆要我重复一下我的地址。若直接引语是表示请求或命令的祈使句,
变为间接引语时,
应使用ask
sb.
(not)to
do
sth.
结构。
6.
He
said
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat
he
________
(visit)most
places
of
interest
in
Europe
by
then
and
that
he
________
(leave)for
China
the
next
day.
【解析】had
visite
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d;
would
leave。句意:
他说那时他已经参观了欧洲的大部分名胜,
他将于第二天前往中国。直接引语中的现在完成时转换为间接引语时应改为过去完成时;
直接引语中的一般将来时转换为间接引语时应改为过去将来时。
Ⅲ.
完成下列句子
1.
She
said,
“Do
you
like
to
sing
”
→She
asked
me
_______
_______
liked
to
sing.
2.
“When
will
you
go
fishing
”Jane
asked
her
father.
→Jane
asked
her
father
when
_______
_______
_______fishing.
3.
The
teacher
said
to
the
student,
“Don’t
be
late
again”.
→The
teacher
_______the
student
_______
_______be
late
again.
4.
The
teacher
said,
“The
earth
goes
round
the
sun.
”
→The
teacher
said
that
the
earth
_______
_______the
sun.
5.
He
said
to
me,
“I
was
born
in1973.
”
→He
told
me
that
_______
_______born
in1973.
答案：1.
if
I
2.
he
would
go
3.
told;
not
to
4.
goes
round
5.
he
was
Ⅳ.
语法填空
阅读下面材料,
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Everybody
knows
ho
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w
to
learn.
Learning
is
a1.
_______
(nature)thing.
It
begins
the
minute
we
are
born.
Our
first
teachers
are
our
families.
At
home
we
learn
to
talk
and
to
dress
and
to
feed
ourselves.
We
learn
these
and
other
skills
by2.
_______
(follow).
Then
we
go
to
schoo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l.
Are
we
really
educated
Let’s
think
about
the
real
meaning
of
learning.
Knowing
facts
doesn’t
mean
being
able
to
solve
problems.
Solving
problems
requires3.
_______
(create),
not
just4.
_______good
memory.
Some
people
who
don’t
know
many
facts
can
also
be
good
at
solving
problems.
Henry
Ford
is
a
good
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
example.
He5.
_______(leave)school
at
the
age
of
15.
Later,
his
company
couldn’t
build
cars
fast
enough.
After
the
assembly
line
6.
_______
(think)of,
he
solved
the
problem.
Today
the
answer
seems
simple.
What
does
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )good
teacher
do
We
must
sometimes
remember
facts,
but
a
good
teacher7.
_______
(show)how
to
find
answers.
He
brings
us
to
the
stream
of
knowledge
so
we
can
think
for
ourselves.
When
we
are
thirsty,
we
know
8.
_______we
should
go.
True
learning
com
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bines
intake9.
_______output.
We
take
information
into
our
brains
.
Then
we
use
it.
Think
of
a
computer,
it
stores
a
lot
of
information,
10.
_______it
can’t
think.
It
only
obeys
commands.
A
person
who
only
remembers
facts
hasn’t
really
learned.
Learning
takes
place
only
when
a
person
can
use
what
he
knows.
答案：1.
natural
2.
following
3.
creativity
4.
a
5.
left
6.
had
been
thought
7.
shows
8.
where
9.
with
10.
but
