课时讲练通2017_2018学年高中英语必修3 Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia（课件试题）（打包26套）外研版必修3

(共32张PPT)
Module
4
Sandstorms
in
Asia
Reading
and
Vocabulary
(Ⅱ)
1.
Learn
some
language
points
about
sandstorms.
2.
Improve
the
ability
to
solve
problems.
Learning
aims
Leading
-
in
1.major
adj.主要的，
多数的
Sandstorms
have
been
a
major
disaster
for
many
Asian
countries
for
centuries.
几个世纪以来沙尘暴一直是许多亚洲国家面临的主要灾害。
I
don’t
think
that
is
a
major
problem.
我认为那不是一个主要问题。
Language
points
【知识拓展】
major
n.专业
vi.
主修，专攻
major
in
主修
majority
n.多数，大部分
the
majority
of=most
of=the
mass
of
a
majority
of
……的大多数
I
majored
in
English
in
the
university.
我在大学主修英语。
She
was
elected
by
a
majority
of
3,749.
她以3,749票的多数票当选。
【即学即练】
判断下列句子中major的词性并翻译整个句子。
1).
There
are
a
lot
of
students
majoring
in
psychology
now.
2).
Exercise
plays
a
major
part
in
preventing
disease.
现在有很多学生主修心理学。
在预防疾病方面，锻炼起着重要的作用。
动词的非谓语形式
形容词
2.
A
mass
campaign
has
been
started
to
help
solve
it.
一场大规模的解决（沙尘暴）问题的行动已经开始了。
1)mass
adj.
大量的；大规模的
a
mass
of
=masses
of=plenty
of
一大堆的，一大团的，许多的，大量的
（可用来修饰可数名词，也可用来修饰不可数名词）
The
sky
was
full
of
dark
masses
of
clouds.
天空乌云密布。
His
heart
is
linked
with
the
hearts
of
the
masses.
他和群众心连心。
the
masses
群众
2)campaign
n.
战役；活动
an
anti-smoking
campaign
禁烟运动
an
advertising
campaign
广告宣传活动
We
are
going
to
begin
a
campaign
against
the
pollution
of
the
environment.
我们准备开展一场反对环境污染的活动。
3.
so
+adj./adv.
+that
…
如此……以至于……
They
are
often
so
thick
that
you
cannot
see
the
sun.
沙尘常常很厚以至于你连太阳都看不见。
【知识拓展】
so
+many/much/little/few
+
n.
+that…
so
+
adj.
+a
/an
+
n.
+that…
such
+a/an
+
adj.
+n.
+
that…
such
+
adj.
+
n.(复数）+that…
such
+adj.
+
n.(不可数）+that…
【辨析】
such/so
…that
引导的是状语从句
such/so
…as
引导的是定语从句
She
is
such
a
charming
girl
that
we
all
love
her.
她是如此有魅力的女孩以至于我们都喜欢她。
She
is
such
a
charming
girl
as
we
all
love.
她是如此有魅力的女孩，我们都喜欢她。
【即学即练】完成句子。
1.
Jack
knows
_______________that
he
has
never
found
an
exciting
job.
杰克懂得如此少的英语以至于他从来没有找到令人高
兴的工作。
2.
He
has
_________________his
life
is
lonely.
他的朋友很少以至于他的生活非常孤单。
so
little
English
so
few
friends
that
4.
be
caught
in
突然遭遇（风暴等）
To
have
been
caught
in
a
sandstorm
was
a
terrible
experience.
遇上沙尘暴是一次可怕的经历。
to
have
been
caught
in
a
sandstorm
不定式的完成式作主语,表示已经发生的动作。例如：
To
have
been
bitten
by
a
dog
was
not
a
delightful
experience.
被狗咬不是一次愉快的经历。
【知识拓展】catch
构成的常见短语:
1.
catch
sb.
doing
sth.
偶然发现某人正在做某事。例如:
The
teacher
caught
him
sleeping
in
class.
老师发现他在上课时睡觉。
2.
catch
up
with
赶上。例如:
You’ll
have
to
work
harder
to
catch
up
with
him.
你将不得不努力学习赶上他。
3.
catch
hold
of
抓住，握住。例如：
Do
you
catch
hold
of
our
teaching
methods
now

现在你掌握了我们的教学方法了吗？
【即学即练】完成句子。
He
had
a
bad
cold,
because
________________
the
heavy
rain
on
his
way
home
after
school.
他得了重感冒，因为他在放学回家的路上碰上了大雨。
2.
You
walk
on
and
I'll
_____________you
later.
你继续走，我会随后赶上。
he
was
caught
in
catch
up
with
5.
appear
vt.似乎，看起来
Sandstorms
in
China
appear
to
have
increased
in
recent
years
as
a
result
of
“desertification”.
“沙漠化”导致沙尘暴近几年在中国似乎有所增加。
appear
to
do
似乎/好像要做……(不用进行时态）；appear
+adj
.(构成系表结构）
It
appears
(to
sb.)
that…
某人觉得……
She
appears
to
want
to
leave.她看起来想要离开。
She
appeared
very
tired.她看起来非常疲惫。
【即学即练】
完成句子
①他显得很老。
He
appears
_______.
②他似乎感冒了。
He
appears
___________________.
③我觉得有点不对。
__________________
something
is
wrong.
very
old
to
have
caught
a
cold
It
appears
to
me
that
6.
strength
[U]
力量;力气;意志力;[C]
优势，长处，优点
The
strength
of
the
storm
sometimes
surprises
people.
有时沙尘暴的强度惊人。
Where
did
you
find
the
strength
to
keep
trying
你不断进行尝试的意志力是从哪儿来的？
【知识拓展】
strengthen
v.
加强
build
up
one’s
strength
/
body
强身健体
with
all
one’s
strength
用尽全身的力气
At
present
America
is
taking
some
measures
to
strengthen
the
economy.
目前美国正在采取措施以加强经济。
He
has
been
doing
morning
exercises
to
build
up
his
strength.
他一直进行晨练以强身健体。
【即学即练】完成句子。
1.
It
may
take
a
few
weeks
for
you__________________
_________again
after
the
illness.
病后可能需要几个星期你才能恢复体力。
2.
His
visit
is
intended
_____________ties
between
the
two
countries.
他此次访问旨在增进两国间的关系。
to
build
up
your
strength
to
strengthen
7.
This
is
a
process
that
happens
when
land
becomes
desert
because
of
climate
changes
and
because
people
cut
down
trees
and
dig
up
grass.
沙漠化是一个由于气候变化或者人类砍伐树木、挖掘
植被而使陆地变成沙漠的过程。
cut
down
砍倒；
削减，删减
Your
article
is
too
long,
so
please
cut
it
down
to
500
words.你的文章太长，所以请把它删减到500字。
(2)
dig
up
从地里挖出(某物)；
掘到，掘出
We
dug
up
the
tree
by
its
roots.
我们将树连根挖起。
An
old
vase
was
dug
up
here
last
month.
上个月这里挖掘出了一个古老的花瓶。
1.The
new
coat
looked
too
large
on
Mary,
so
her
mother
had
to
_____________.
这件新外套玛丽穿着太大了，因此她妈妈不得不为她改小一些。
【即学即练】
cut
it
down
2.In
order
to
get
more
market,
we
________________
of
products.
cut
down
the
price
为了获得更大的市场份额，我们降低了产品价格。
8.
make
it
+
adj.
+
to
do
sth.使做某事……
The
thick
dust
makes
it
difficult
to
see.
浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。
it是形式宾语,
to
do
sth.
是真正的宾语。
The
heavy
rain
made
it
impossible
for
us
to
get
there
on
time.大雨使我们不能按时赶到那儿。
This
book
makes
it
easier
for
us
to
understand
this
question.这本书使我们更加容易明白这个问题。
【知识拓展】
find
consider
think
+
it
+
adj./
n.
+
for
sb.
to
do
sth.
believe
that
从句
feel
make
【即学即练】完成句子。
1.
It’s
too
late.
I
can’t
_______________to
get
to
the
airport
on
time.
(make)
太晚了。我不可能准时到达机场了。
2.
The
chairman
___________________to
invite
Professor
Smith
to
speak
at
the
meeting.（think)
主席认为邀请史密斯教授在会上演讲是必要的。
make
it
possible
thought
it
necessary
9.
prevent
/stop/keep…
from
doing
sth.
阻止……做某事
To
prevent
it
coming
nearer,
the
government
is
planting
trees.
为阻止沙漠逼近，政府正在种树。
【名师点津】
keep
sb.
from
doing
中from
不可以省略，因为keep
sb.
doing
sth.
意为“让某人一直做某事”。其他两个词组中from省略后意思不变。
I’m
sorry
to
keep
you
waiting
so
long.
我很抱歉让你等了这么久。
We
must
keep
him
from
complaining
all
day.
我们不能让他整天抱怨了。
【即学即练】
完成句子
1.What
prevented
your
plan
from
_________________
(carry
out)
2.
Tom
was
stopped
_____________(sleep)
in
class.
being
carried
out
from
sleeping
Little
Tom
made
that
a
rule
to
read
aloud
and
recite
ten
English
words
every
morning.
2.
The
majority
of
people
seem
like
watching
football
games.
Class
exercises
改错。
it
to
3.
You
are
always
full
of
strong.
Can
you
tell
me
the
secret
4.
The
children
appear
to
enjoy
themselves
at
the
party.
Let’s
not
stop
them,
OK
strength
be
enjoying
5.
It
was
so
a
heavy
box
he
had
to
ask
for
help．
such
6.
He
has
masses
letters
to
answer.
He
has
to
work
from
morning
to
night.
of
Homework
Review
language
points
we
have
learned
this
class.
A
friend
in
need
is
a
friend
indeed.
患难见真情。(共39张PPT)
Module
4　Sandstorms
in
Asia
Period
3　Grammar
语法专题课　
动词不定式及but用于动词不定式
【课前热身】阅读下列句子,
根据提示完成句子并体会其用法
①Scientists
have
tried
many
ways
_______(solve)this
problem.
②The
wind
is
sometimes
strong
enough
_______(move)
sand
dunes.
to
solve
to
move
③“__________________(catch)in
a
sandstorm
was
a
terrible
experience,
”he
said.
④Traffic
moves
very
slowly
because
the
thick
dust
makes
it
difficult
_____(see).
⑤When
a
sandstorm
arrives
in
the
city,
weather
experts
advise
people
not
_____(go)out.
To
have
been
caught
to
see
to
go
【课堂诠解】
Ⅰ.
动词不定式的形式
(以do为例,
不及物动词没有被动形式)
时态/语态
主　动
被　动
一般式
to
do
to
be
done
进行式
to
be
doing
/
完成式
to
have
done
to
have
been
done
否定形式
not
(to)
do
1.
不定式的一般式:
表示的动作通常与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,
或在它之后发生。
①He
seems
to
know
this.
他似乎知道这件事。(同时发生)
②I
hope
__
___you
again.
我希望再见到你。(之后发生)
to
see
2.
不定式的进行式:
表示的动作通常与谓语动词表示的
动作同时发生。
①He
seems
to
be
eating
something.
他似乎在吃什么东西。
②He
pretended
__
__
_____his
lessons
when
his
mother
came
in.
他母亲进来时,
他假装在做功课。
to
be
doing
3.
不定式的完成式:
表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。
①I’m
sorry
to
have
given
you
so
much
trouble.
我很抱歉给你带来这么多麻烦。
②He
seems
__
____
______a
cold.
他好像感冒了。
to
have
caught
Ⅱ.
动词不定式的句法功能
1.
作主语。
动词不定式作主语时,
为了避免句子头重脚轻,
往往用it作形式主语,
不定式放在谓语动词之后。
①To
get
there
by
bike
will
take
us
half
an
hour.
骑自行车到那儿将花费我们半个小时。
②It’s
our
duty
__
____good
care
of
the
old.
照顾好老人是我们的责任。
③(2014·山东高考)It’s
standard
practice
for
a
company
like
this
one
__
_______a
security
officer.
像这样的公司常规做法是要雇用一位安全人员。
to
take
to
employ
④It
is
difficult
__
__
__
_____writing
the
composition
in
a
quarter
of
an
hour.
我们难以在四分之一小时内写完这篇作文。
⑤It’s
very
nice
__
___
__
____me.
你来帮助我真是太好了。
for
us
to
finish
of
you
to
help
【名师指津】用for还是用of
动词不定式的逻辑主语,
用for还是of取决于前面的形容词。如果表示事物的特征特点,
表示客观形式的形容词时用for;
常见的此类形容词有important,
necessary,
possible等。表示性格、品德、心智能力、主观感情或态度的形容词时用of。这一句式有时相当于Sb.
is+形容词+to
do句式。这些形容词有careless,
clever,
good,
foolish,
honest,
kind,
lazy,
nice,
right,
silly,
stupid,
wise等。
2.
作宾语。
常用带to的不定式作宾语的动词有afford,
agree,
arrange,
ask,
choose,
decide,
demand,
desire,
expect,
hope,
learn,
manage,
offer,
pretend,
promise,
refuse,
want,
wish,
like,
hate,
prefer,
continue,
try,
start,
forget,
mean,
intend,
begin等。有时用“疑问词+不定式”结构。如果作宾语的不定式结构有自己的补语,
用it作形式宾语代替后面的真正宾语。
①The
driver
failed
to
see
the
other
car
in
time.
司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
②I
happen
__
_____the
answer
to
your
question.
我碰巧知道你的问题的答案。
to
know
③I
found
__
necessary
__
___
__him
again.
我发现有必要再和他谈一谈。
④We
think
__
quite
important
for
us
__
_____a
foreign
language
well.
我们都认为学好一门外语对我们来说非
常重要。
it
to
talk
to
it
to
learn
【名师指津】
不定式与疑问词who,
which,
when,
where,
how,
what等连用,
在句中起名词的作用,
可充当主语、表语、宾语等。在与why连用时,
不定式不带to。
How
to
solve
the
problem
is
very
important.
(主语)
My
question
is
when
to
start.
(表语)
3.
作宾语补足语。
在复合宾语中,
动词不定式可充当宾语补足语。可以接带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有ask,
tell,
order,
command,
beg,
request,
require,
invite,
force,
cause,
forbid,
get,
allow,
permit,
wish,
want,
expect,
encourage,
advise,
persuade,
warn,
would
like,
wait
for,
long
for等。
(用括号中所给词的正确形式填空)
①Father
will
not
allow
us
__
____(play)
in
the
street.
父亲不会允许我们在街上玩耍。
②We
consider
Tom
__
___(be)one
of
the
best
students
in
our
class.
我们认为汤姆是我们班上最好的学生之
一。
③He
asked
me
__
___(do)the
work
with
him.
他让我同他一起工作。
to
play
to
be
to
do
④Teenagers
should
be
allowed
__
______(choose)their
own
clothes.
年轻人应该被允许选择自己的衣服。
to
choose
【巧学助记】巧记省略to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词
不定式作宾语补足语省略to的情况有下列口诀:
一感(feel)二听(hear,
listen
to)三让(make,
let,
have)五看(see,
watch,
notice,
look
at,
observe)半帮助(help)
注意:
help可省略to也可不省略。但当上述动词用于被动语态时,
其后要带上to。此时的宾语补足语就成了主语补足语。
He
is
often
heard
to
sing
the
song.
人们经常会听到他唱歌。
4.
作表语。
不定式可用来作系动词的表语。一般说来,
不定式前面的to不能省略,
但当主语部分含有实义动词do时,
to可以省略。
①My
job
is
to
help
the
patients.
我的工作就是帮助病人。
②My
hope
is
to
become
a
pop
singer.
我希望成为一名流行歌手。
③What
he
wants
to
do
is
(to)
__
__________in
that
river.
他想做的事就是去那条河里游泳。
go
swimming
5.
作定语。
不定式作定语通常只能放在被修饰的名词或代词之
后。
①Have
you
got
anything
to
do
this
evening
今晚你有事吗
②I
have
some
books
for
you
__
_____.
我有一些供你阅读的书。
to
read
【名师指津】
不定式作定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系:
主谓关系,
动宾关系和同位关系。处于动宾关系的情况下,
如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,
它后面应加上必要的介词。
He
is
looking
for
a
room
to
live
in.
他正在寻找一个居住的房间。
He
is
a
pleasant
person
to
work
with.
和他一起工作很愉快。
6.
作状语。
不定式可以作目的状语、结果状语、原因状语和条件状语。
①He
hurried
to
the
school
to
find
nobody
there.
他匆忙赶到学校,
却发现那儿没有人。(结果状语)
②We
were
very
excited
to
find
nobody
there.
发现没有人在那儿,
我们非常兴奋。(原因状语)
③(2016·北京高考)___
_____(make)it
easier
to
get
in
touch
with
us,
you’d
better
keep
this
card
at
hand.
为了更容易地和我们取得联系,
你最好随身带着这张
名片。(目的状语)
④__
____
__
____,
you
would
like
him.
去看一下他,
你会喜欢他的。(条件状语)
To
make
To
look
at
him
【名师指津】
(1)too.
.
.
to
do,
so.
.
.
as
to
do.
.
.
,
such.
.
.
to
do,
enough
to
do.
.
.
,
come
to
do.
.
.
(逐渐……),
only
to
do.
.
.
可构成结果状语。
(2)so
as
to
do.
.
.
(不能位于句首),
in
order
to
do.
.
.
可构成目的状语。
Ⅲ.
不定式符号to的省略及but用于动词不定式
1.
句中含有动词do时,
but,
except,
besides,
such
as或nothing
but,
后面to可省略。但如果but之前的动词不是do,
其后的不定式一般要带to。即“前有do,
后省略to”,
否则带to。
①She
could
do
nothing
but
cry.
她除了哭别无办法。
②I
had
nothing
to
do
but
______
TV.
我除看电视外无事可做。
③I
have
no
choice
but
__
____.
我除了等待别无选择。
watch
to
wait
2.
在can’t
but.
.
.
和can’t
help/choose
but.
.
.
结构中,
but后要用动词原形。
(翻译句子)
①我不得不告诉她真相。
_________________________
②我们只能等待。
______________________
I
can’t
but
tell
her
the
truth.
We
can’t
choose
but
wait.
③听了他的故事,
我们禁不住大笑起来。
______________________________________________
We
couldn’t
help
but
laugh
when
we
heard
his
story.
3.
同一结构并列,
由and或or连接,
一般可省略后一个不
定式前的to。
①He
didn’t
know
whether
to
leave
or
stay.
他不知道是走还是留。
但也有时为了强调两者对比,
后一个不定式就不宜省去
to。
②笑比哭好。(翻译)
___________________________
It’s
better
to
laugh
than
to
cry.
【名师指津】
如果不定式中有be或have时,
be或have常保留。
—Is
there
a
shop
nearby
—No,
but
there
used
to
be.
【课堂小结】
1.
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式,
但是也具有一般时、进行时和完成时的形式变化。
2.
动词不定式具有多种句法功能,
如:
主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。
3.
要注意不定式和分词的区别。
4.
在短语but+动词不定式中,
省略不定式符号to的条件是:
but之前有动词do的某种形式;
或构成固定短语can’t
help/choose
but.
.
.
。odule
4
Sandstorms
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
Asia
Period
1
Introduction
Reading
and
Vocabulary
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
There
has
been
a
dram
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atic
increase
in
the
number
of
natural
disasters
over
the
past
few
years,
and
it
is
assumed
that
global
warming
and
climate
change
could
cause
even
more
disasters
in
the
future.
Some
of
the
world’s
leading
cities
are
facing
disasters
like
floods
and
heat
waves.
London
London’s
flood
defenc
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es
are
getting
older.
Since
1982,
the
Thames
Barrier(水闸)has
protected
the
city
from
the
threat
of
flooding,
but
it
was
only
designed
to
last
until
2030
and
close
once
every
two
or
three
years.
About
26
years
later
the
barrier
now
closes
five
or
six
times
a
year
and
according
to
Environment
Agency
predictions,
by
2050
the
barrier
will
be
closed
on
almost
every
tide
if
the
problem
is
not
addressed.
There
are
26
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )underground
stations,
400
schools,
16
hospitals,
an
airport
and
80
billion
worth
of
property
in
London’s
flood
risk
area,
so
large
scale
flooding
would
be
disastrous.
Paris
Over
a
six
week
per
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iod
in
July
and
August
2003,
more
than
11,
400-mainly
elderly
people-died
in
France
from
dehydration(脱水)and
extremely
high
body
temperature
in
a
deadly
heat
wave.
Heat
waves
of
similar
intensity(强度)are
expected
every
seven
years
by
2050,
so
what
can
be
done
to
make
sure
such
a
disaster
does
not
happen
again
One
solution
is
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
have
air-conditioners
installed
in
elderly
care
homes.
But
this
is
considered
a
short-term
solution,
as
the
increase
in
demand
for
electricity
also
increases
carbon
emissions(排放).
In
Paris
the
loca
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l
authorities
are
encouraging
architects
to
design
new
types
of
buildings
such
as
the
building
“Flower
Tower”,
which
uses
a
covering
of
bamboo
to
act
as
a
natural
air-conditioner.
Shanghai
Shanghai
is
one
of
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
fastest
growing
cities
on
Earth.
It
has
a
population
of
18
million
and
is
only
4
meters
above
sea
level.
Sea
levels
are
predicted
to
rise
by
20
cm
within
the
next
century.
An
estimated
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )250,
000
people
move
to
Shanghai
every
year
in
search
of
work,
placing
extra
demands
on
energy
consumption.
China
relies
heavily
on
coal-fired
power
stations,
but
these
emissions
increase
temperatures
and,
in
turn,
warmer
seas
increase
the
risk
of
typhoons.
【语篇概述】近年来全球自
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )然灾害的数量剧增,
据预测,
在将来,
全球变暖等气候变化将会导致更多的灾难。让我们看一看世界上的大城市将会面临什么样的灾难。
1.
What
problem
should
be
settled
now
in
London
A.
How
to
protect
the
city’s
property.
B.
Where
to
build
its
flood
defences.
C.
How
to
use
the
Thames
Barrier
to
protect
the
city.
D.
How
to
improve
the
function
of
the
old
flood
defences.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。由“London”部分的首句可知,
伦敦的防洪设施正在老化,
可推知D项正确。
2.
Which
of
the
fol
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lowing
measures
CAN’T
solve
the
heat
wave
disaster
in
Paris
A.
Putting
up
new
types
of
buildings
with
a
covering
of
bamboo.
B.
Having
air-conditioners
installed
in
elderly
care
homes.
C.
Forbidding
the
city
to
build
“Flower
Tower”.
D.
Encouraging
architects
to
design
new
types
of
buildings.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由“.
.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).
encouraging
architects
to
design
new
types
of
buildings
such
as
the
building
‘Flower
Tower’”可知鼓励设计“Flower
Tower”式的建筑物而不是禁止。
3.
The
major
threats
to
Shanghai
are　　　.
A.
increasing
population
and
coal-fired
power
stations
B.
rising
sea
levels
and
typhoons
C.
extremely
high
temperature
and
rising
sea
levels
D.
extra
demands
on
energy
consumption
and
typhoons
【解析】选B。细节理解题。由文章最
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )后两段中的“Sea
levels
are
predicted
to
rise.
.
.
warmer
seas
increase
the
risk
of
typhoons.
”可知上海面临的主要自然灾害是海平面上升和台风。
4.
The
purpose
of
the
passage
is　　　.
A.
to
tell
us
how
to
protect
the
big
cities
B.
to
give
advice
on
how
to
defend
natural
disasters
C.
to
explain
what
causes
flood
and
heat
waves
D.
to
warn
us
of
the
increasing
natural
disasters
in
big
cities
【解析】选D。目的意图题。由文章第一段最
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )后一句“Some
of
the
world’s
leading
cities
are
facing
disasters
like
floods
and
heat
waves.
”可知D项正确。
5.
Which
of
the
following
would
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage
A.
Big
Cities
Facing
Big
Disasters
B.
Big
Disasters
in
the
Future
C.
The
Increase
of
Natural
Disasters
D.
Solutions
to
Natural
Disasters
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。全文描述了世界各大城市将会面临的各种自然灾害,
故A项正确。
B
We
already
know
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
fastest,
least
expensive
way
to
slow
down
climate
change:
use
less
energy.
With
a
little
effort,
and
not
much
money,
most
of
us
could
reduce
our
energy
diets
by
25
percent
or
more—doing
the
Earth
a
favor
while
also
helping
our
wallets.
Not
long
ago,
my
wi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fe,
PJ,
and
I
tried
a
new
diet—not
to
lose
a
little
weight
but
to
answer
an
annoying
question
about
climate
change.
Scientists
have
reported
recently
that
the
world
is
heating
up
even
faster
than
predicted
only
a
few
years
ago,
and
that
the
consequences
could
be
severe
if
we
don’t
keep
reducing
emission(排放)of
carbon
dioxide(CO2)and
other
greenhouse
gases
that
are
trapping
heat
in
our
atmosphere.
We
decided
to
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry
an
experiment.
For
one
month
we
recorded
our
personal
emission
of
CO2.
We
wanted
to
see
how
much
we
could
cut
back,
so
we
went
on
a
strict
diet.
The
average
US
household
produces
about
150
pounds
of
CO2a
day
by
doing
common
things
like
turning
on
air
conditioning
or
driving
cars.
That’s
more
than
twice
the
European
average
and
almost
five
times
the
global
average,
mostly
because
Americans
drive
more
and
have
bigger
houses.
But
how
much
should
we
try
to
reduce
For
an
answer,
I
ch
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ecked
with
Tim
Flannery,
author
of
The
Weather
Makers:
How
Man
Is
Changing
the
Climate
and
What
It
Means
for
Life
on
Earth.
In
his
book,
he
had
challenged
readers
to
make
deep
cuts
in
personal
emission
to
keep
the
world
from
reaching
extremely
important
tipping
points,
such
as
the
melting(融化)of
the
ice
sheets
in
Greenland
or
West
Antarctica.
“To
stay
below
that
point,
we
need
to
reduce
CO2emission
by
80
percent,
”he
said.
Good
advice,
I
though
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t.
I’d
opened
our
bedroom
windows
to
let
the
wind
in.
We’d
gotten
so
used
to
keeping
our
air-conditioning
going
around
the
clock.
I’d
almost
forgotten
the
windows
even
opened.
We
should
not
let
this
happen
again.
It’s
time
for
us
to
change
our
habits
if
necessary.
【语篇概述】文章作者通过讲述自己一家人切实有效地减少温室气体排放量的行动,
向我们证明了“节约能源从家庭做起,
从我做起”的重要性。
6.
Why
did
the
author
and
his
wife
try
a
new
diet
A.
To
take
special
kinds
of
food.
B.
To
respond
to
climate
change.
C.
To
lose
weight.
D.
To
improve
their
health.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )据文章第二段“not
to
lose
a
little
weight
but
to
answer
an
annoying
question
about
climate
change”可知,
作者和妻子这么做的目的是回答一个令人烦恼的气候变化问题。
7.
The
underlined
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ords
“tipping
points”
most
probably
refer
to“　　　”.
A.
freezing
points　　　　　
B.
burning
points
C.
melting
points
D.
boiling
points
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。在他的书中,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
他要读者大幅减少个人温室气体排放量,
以免世界来到“熔点”,
下面给出的例子“such
as
the
melting
of
the
ice
sheets
in
Greenland
or
West
Antarctica”,
可以判断出C项正确。
8.
According
to
the
passage,
Tim
Flannery　　　.
A.
made
deep
cuts
in
his
personal
emission
of
CO2
B.
wrote
a
book
about
the
climate
changes
C.
succeeded
in
reducing
CO2emission
by
80
percent
D.
was
an
author
popular
among
readers
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第四段
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第一句可知,
Tim
Flannery的书是有关the
climate
changes的,
故B项正确。
9.
Which
of
the
following
would
be
the
best
title
for
this
passage
A.
Saving
Energy
Starts
at
Home
B.
Changing
Our
Habits
Begins
at
Work
C.
Changing
Climate
Sounds
Reasonable
D.
Reducing
Emission
of
CO2Proves
Difficult
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。文章作者通过讲述自
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )己一家人切实有效地减少温室气体排放量的行动,
向我们证明了“节约能源从家庭做起,
从我做起”的正确性。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
For
many,
running
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )has
never
quite
been
their
favorite
activity.
But
running
can
certainly
be
a
great
way
to
get
fit
and
stay
healthy.
Getting
started
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )extremely
difficult.
1.
________
Running
can
be
boring
at
times,
but
the
effect
on
your
body
and
mind
is
well
worth
that
struggle
of
just
getting
up
and
running.
2.
________
Every
ma
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )jor
city
and
many
smaller
cities
have
running
communities(团体).
They
are
quite
organized
and
willing
to
help.
They
will
help
you
see
your
running
goals
through.
Start
with
short
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )distances.
Though
the
running
community
would
love
to
have
a
new
long-distance
runner
tomorrow,
the
fact
is
that
it
will
not
happen
overnight.
Try
running
one
mile
every
day
for
the
next
3
weeks.
After
that,
add
it
to
two
miles
and
so
on.
3.
　　　
Take
part
in
a
rac
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e.
By
signing
up
for
a
race
in
the
near
future,
you
will
focus
on
a
goal
and
be
motivated
to
keep
practicing
for
that
event.
I
suggest
signing
up
for
a5-kilometer
race
that
will
occur
within
one
month.
4.
　　　
5.
________
Motivat
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion
is
a
major
factor(因素)in
running
success.
Bring
a
friend
along
to
push
you
through
the
times
and
motivate
them
in
their
own.
A.
Join
a
group.
B.
One
step
at
a
time.
C.
Bring
a
friend
along.
D.
Most
of
you
will
have
no
problem
finding
a
great
race.
E.
Shorter
distances
are
a
step
to
longer
and
more
successful
runs.
F.
You
will
ge
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
the
chance
to
see
the
seasons
change
and
breathe
in
fresher
air.
G.
There
are
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )so
many
activities
people
would
rather
be
doing
than
running.
答案:
1～5.
GAEDC
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在阅读理解A篇中找出下列单词和短语,
写出它们的意义
1.
dramatic　　　　　　adj.
__________
2.
defence
n.
_________
3.
design
vt.
_________
4.
address
vt.
_________
5.
disastrous
adj.
_________
6.
install
vt.
_________
7.
rely
on
_________
8.
in
turn
_________
答案：1.急剧的
2.保护
3.设计
4.解决
5.灾难性的
6.安装
7.依赖
8.反过来
阅读理解
Sandstorms(沙尘暴)happen
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
suddenly
and
have
effects
on
large
areas.
One
example
was
a
sandstorm
on
the
Western
Route.
It
moved
quickly
southward(向南)from
May
4th
to
6th,
1993,
having
effects
on
a
total
area
of
1.
1
million
sq
km,
from
northern
Xinjiang
to
the
Hexi
area
of
Gansu,
western
Inner
Mongolia
and
most
of
the
Ningxia
Hui
Autonomous
Region.
The
wind
speed
reached
37.
9
m/s,
and
the
visibility(可见度)was
less
than
50m.
In
Xinjiang,
Gansu,
Inner
Mongolia
and
Ningxia,
85
persons
died
and
264
were
injured;
4,
412
houses
were
damaged,
and
120,
000
animals
died
or
went
missing.
The
direct
economic
losses(直接的经济损失)were
about
550
million
yuan,
which
further
damaged
the
environment
and
economic
development.
Another
example
was
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
sandstorm
which
happened
from
April
16th
to
18th,
1998.
Blowing
from
west
to
east,
it
even
reached
the
lower
reaches
of
the
Yangtze
River.
This
never
happened
in
history.
A
sandstorm
meeting
rain
over
Beijing
formed
“muddy(多泥的)rain”there.
Floating
dust
troubled
the
Inner
Mongolia
Autonomous
Region,
Beijing,
Ji’nan
of
Shandong
Province
and
Nanjing.
【语篇概述】本文通过对1993年和1998年发生的沙尘暴进行描述,
介绍了沙尘暴的危害。
1.
How
many
areas
did
the
sandstorm
in
1993
have
effects
on
A.
Three.
　　
B.
Four.
　　
C.
Five.
　　
D.
Six.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知1993年的沙尘暴影响了4个地区。
2.
How
many
persons
were
injured
in
the
sandstorm
in
1993
A.
85
B.
264
C.
4,
412
D.
120,
000
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中“264
were
injured”可知B项正确。
3.
The
sandstorm
in
1998
started
blowing
from　　　.
A.
east
B.
south
C.
west
D.
north
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中“Blowing
from
west
to
east”可知C项正确。
4.
Which
of
the
following
is
true
according
to
the
article
A.
The
sandstorm
in
1998
lasted
three
days.
B.
Sandstorms
just
happen
in
the
west
of
China.
C.
Sandstorms
like
the
one
in
1993
never
happened
in
history.
D.
A
person
could
see
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
building
100
meters
far
from
him
in
the
sandstorm
in
1993.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段第一句中“from
April
16th
to
18th”可知1998年的沙尘暴持续了3天。Module
4
Sandstor
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ms
in
Asia
Period
1
Introduction
Reading
and
Vocabulary
Ⅰ.
根据首字母或汉语释义写出单词的正确形式
1.
Before
the
rain,
there
was
a
m
__________
of
clouds.
2.
She
married
an
American
man
and
became
a
US
c
__________
.
3.
I
read
a
f
__________
story
which
took
place
in
a
haunted(闹鬼的)house.
4.
Hurricane
has
been
f
__________
for
tomorrow
afternoon.
5.
I
am
unable
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
to
c
__________
to
school
because
my
bicycle
is
broken.
6.
During
his
el
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ection
__________
(活动)he
promised
to
put
the
economy
back
on
its
feet.
7.
Producing
a
dictionary
is
a
slow
__________
(过程).
8.
A
__________
(沙尘暴)kicked
up
while
we
drove
through
the
desert.
答案：1.
mass
2.
citizen
3.
frightening
4.
forecast
5.
cycle
6.
campaign
7.
process
8.
sandstorm
Ⅱ.
用所给短语的适当形式完成句子
as
a
result
of,
be
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
caught
in,
cut
down,
dig
up,
in
this
situation,
one
after
another,
prevent.
.
.
from.
.
.
,
protect.
.
.
against,
sweep
away,
wake
up
to
1.
What
should
you
do
to
__________
yourself
__________
a
sandstorm
2.
If
a
sandstorm
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is
happening,
what
do
you
think
happens
to
traffic
____________

3.
We
__________
the
storm
and
got
drenched.
4.
He
hasn’t
yet
__________
the
seriousness
of
the
situation.
5.
Further
treatment
will
__________
cancer
__________
developing.
6.
You
smoke
too
much—you
should
try
to
__________
.
7.
Sometimes
we
would
play
games
_________________
.
8.
An
old
Greek
statue
was
__________
here
last
month.
9.
Her
heart
was
slightly
damaged
__________
her
long
illness.
10.
Let’s
__________
the
broken
glass.
答案：1.
protect;
against
2.
in
this
situation
3.
were
caught
in
4.
woken
up
to
5.
prevent;
from
6.
cut
down
7.
one
after
another
8.
dug
up
9.
as
a
result
of
10.
sweep
away
Ⅲ.
阅读理解
A
Strong
winds,
san
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
in
the
air,
poor
visibility(能见度),
we
all
know
the
characteristics
of
a
sandstorm.
But
what
else
do
you
know
about
them
Do
you
know
for
ex
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ample,
that
the
first
sandstorm
of
2009
hit
north
China’s
Inner
Mongolia
late
February
Sandstorms
are
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )day
a
special
treat
of
life
in
northern
China
because
of
desertification
and
the
retreat(退化)of
northern
grasslands.
They
usually
occur
between
February
and
May.
Fortunately,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
sandstorms
this
year
should
be
fewer
than
in
past
years
in
north
China,
according
to
the
National
Meteorological
Center.
And
the
chanc
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es
of
sandstorms
hitting
Beijing
are
small,
because
recent
rain
has
stopped
drought(旱灾).
Tree
planting,
as
well
as
other
measures
taken
by
the
government,
has
also
helped
decrease
the
chances
of
sandstorms
in
the
city.
Sandstorms
can
b
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
dangerous.
However,
there
are
measures
you
can
take
to
protect
yourself
from
harm.
·Wear
a
mask.
Cov
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er
your
nose
and
mouth
with
a
mask
that
can
keep
out
sand,
or
use
a
wet
handkerchief.
·If
you
are
drivin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g
and
the
storm
is
far
away
from
you,
it
may
be
possible
to
outrun
it.
If
it
looks
like
you
will
be
caught
in
the
storm,
stop
and
wait
it
out.
·Take
cover.
If
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )here
is
no
shelter,
then
lie
down.
Keep
eyes,
nose
and
mouth
covered.
Cover
your
head
with
your
arms
or
a
backpack
to
protect
yourself
against
flying
objects.
If
you
are
caught
in
a
desert
sandstorm,
take
the
following
action.
·Mark
your
directio
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
before
lying
down.
It
is
easy
to
get
lost
in
a
desert.
·Keep
plenty
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )water
at
hand.
If
you
get
lost,
you
need
water
to
keep
your
life
until
you
find
your
way
or
help
arrives.
·Stay
togeth
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er
if
traveling
in
a
group.
Lock
arms
if
caught
in
a
sandstorm.
The
most
useful
meas
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ure
would
actually
be
to
make
sandstorms
disappear
forever.
To
make
this
goal
come
true,
people
should
plant
trees,
and
stop
desertification.
Today,
the
strai
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ght-line
distance
between
Tian’
anmen
Square
and
a
desert
called
Tianmo
in
Hebei
Province
is
only
about
80
km.
If
desertification
is
not
stopped,
environmental
protection
experts
say,
it
will
probably
not
be
long
until
Beijingers
can
catch
a
camel
to
work.
【文章大意】文章讲述沙尘暴的特点,
人们遇到它时的防护手段,
以及预防沙尘暴的措施。
1.
Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
the
characteristics
of
a
sandstorm
A.
Strong
winds.
　　　
B.
Sand
in
the
air.
C.
Poor
visibility.
D.
Heavy
snow.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第一段第一句可知答案。
2.
According
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
passage,
which
of
the
following
statements
is
TRUE
A.
So
far
in
2009
no
sandstorm
has
happened.
B.
Sandstorms
usually
happen
in
spring.
C.
Sandstorms
are
a
part
of
life
in
China.
D.
In
sandstorms,
what
you
need
to
do
is
just
to
lie
down.
【解析】选B。推理判断题
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。根据第三段中“They
usually
occur
between
February
and
May.
”可知B项正确。由第二段中“.
.
.
the
first
sandstorm
of
2009
hit
north
China’s
Inner
Mongolia
.
.
.
”可知A项错;
由第三段中“Sandstorms
are
today
a
special
treat
of
life
in
northern
China
.
.
.
”可知C项错;
由第六段中“.
.
.
there
are
measures
you
can
take
.
.
.
”可知D项错。
3.
In
order
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )protect
you
from
harm
in
a
sandstorm,
which
may
NOT
be
the
right
action
to
take
A.
Finding
a
shelter.
B.
Covering
your
head
with
a
bag.
C.
Lying
down
to
wait.
D.
Speed
up
and
rush
through
the
sandstorm.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )八段中“If
it
looks
like
you
will
be
caught
in
the
storm,
stop
and
wait
it
out”可知D项错误。
4.
What
can
we
infer
from
the
passage
A.
North
China
has
been
hitting
by
sandstorms
for
several
years.
B.
80
km
has
made
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
chances
of
sandstorms
hitting
Beijing
small
this
year.
C.
Planting
trees
can
help
make
sandstorms
disappear.
D.
It
is
more
danger
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ous
in
cities
because
there
are
more
flying
objects.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。由第四
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段中“Fortunately,
sandstorms
this
year
should
be
fewer
than
in
past
years
in
north
China”说明过去的几年发生过。C项为文章中明确提到的;
B、D两项表述不正确。
5.
What’s
the
best
title
of
this
passage
A.
Protecting
Environment
B.
Flying
Objects
C.
The
Realities
of
Sandstorms
D.
Strong
Winds
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。文章主要讲述沙尘暴的特点及其形成因素,
以及人们遇到沙尘暴时所要采取的措施,
故C项正确。
B
(2015·陕西高考)
　　The
production
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
coffee
beans
is
a
huge,
profitable
business,
but,
unfortunately,
full-sun
production
is
taking
over
the
industry
and
bringing
about
a
lot
of
damage.
The
change
in
how
coffee
is
grown
from
shade-grown
production
to
full-sun
production
endangers
the
very
existence
of,
certain
animals
and
birds,
and
even
disturbs
the
world’s
ecological
balance.
On
a
local
level,
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
damage
of
the
forest
required
by
full-sun
fields
affects
the
area’s
birds
and
animals.
The
shade
of
the
forest
trees
provides
a
home
for
birds
and
other
species(物种)that
depend
on
the
trees’
flowers
and
fruits.
Full-sun
coffee
growers
destroy
this
forest
home.
As
a
result,
many
species
are
quickly
dying
out.
On
a
more
glob
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al
level,
the
destruction
of
the
rainforest
for
full-sun
coffee
fields
also
threatens(威胁)human
life.
Medical
research
often
makes
use
of
the
forests’
plant
and
animal
life,
and
the
destruction
of
such
species
could
prevent
researchers
from
finding
cures
for
certain
diseases.
In
addition,
new
coffee-growing
techniques
are
poisoning
the
water
locally,
and
eventually
the
world’s
groundwater.
Both
locally
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
and
globally,
the
continued
spread
of
full-sun
coffee
plantations(种植园)could
mean
the
destruction
of
the
rainforest
ecology.
The
loss
of
shade
trees
is
already
causing
a
slight
change
in
the
world’s
climate,
and
studies
show
that
the
loss
of
oxygen-giving
trees
also
leads
to
air
pollution
and
global
warming.
Moreover,
the
new
growing
techniques
are
contributing
to
acidic(酸性的)soil
conditions.
It
is
obvious
that
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
way
much
coffee
is
grown
affects
many
aspects
of
life,
from
the
local
environment
to
the
global
ecology.
But
consumers
do
have
a
choice.
They
can
purchase
shade-grown
coffee
whenever
possible,
although
at
a
higher
cost.
The
future
health
of
the
planet
and
mankind
is
surely
worth
more
than
an
inexpensive
cup
of
coffee.
【文章大意】咖啡豆从遮荫种植变成全日照种植,
威胁到一些动物的存在,
破坏了全世界的生态平衡。
6.
What
can
we
lear
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
about
full-sun
coffee
production
from
Paragraph
4
A.
It
limits
the
spread
of
new
growing
techniques.
B.
It
leads
to
air
pollution
and
global
warming.
C.
It
slows
down
the
loss
of
shade
trees.
D.
It
improves
local
soil
conditions.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第二句可知,
全日照种植咖啡豆导致遮荫树的减少,
造成了空气污染和全球变暖。故选B。
7.
The
purpose
of
the
text
is
to　　　.
A.
entertain　
B.
advertise　
C.
instruct　
D.
persuade
【解析】选D。目的意图题。文章主要讲了
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )咖啡豆种植方式的改变带来的危害,
在最后一段又提到人类未来的健康要比一杯并不昂贵的咖啡更重要得多,
由此可知作者意在劝服人们注意保护环境,
故选D。entertain娱乐;
advertise广告;
instruct指导;
persuade劝说。
8.
Where
does
this
text
probably
come
from
A.
An
agricultural
magazine.
B.
A
medical
journal.
C.
An
engineering
textbook.
D.
A
tourist
guide.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。文章主要讲的是咖啡豆种植方式的改变,
属于农业类的,
故选A。
9.
Which
of
the
following
shows
the
structure
of
the
whole
text
(P:
Paragraph)
【解析】选A。篇章结构题。文章第
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一段提出咖啡豆种植方式转变,
产生危害;
接下来三段都是分别阐述了具体的危害;
最后一段回扣话题,
呼吁人们重视环境。
Ⅳ.
阅读填句
(2015·葫芦岛高一检测)
　　根据短文内容,
从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sure,
we’ve
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll
heard
that
we
should
get
more
sleep.
The
realities
of
life
often
make
it
become“we
should
get
more
sleep
later.
”　1　The
result
is
that
you
wake
up
the
next
day
feeling
like
a
role
of
The
Walking
Dead.
Here
are
four
ways
you
can
adjust
your
biology
in
order
to
pay
less
for
staying
up.
·Move
around.
Exercising
before
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
bed
is
a
sure
way
to
keep
awake.
That’s
why
you
shouldn’t
do
it
when
you
want
to
go
to
sleep,
and
it
is
also
why
hitting
the
gym,
or
even
some
fast
push-ups
can
tell
your
body
that
it’s
not
time
for
bed.
Being
physically
exhausted
isn’t
fun
when
you
are
trying
to
stay
up
late.
　2 　
·Eat
more
protein.
Few
people
thi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nk
about
the
fact
that
the
brain
and
body
use
a
lot
more
energy
when
we’re
awake.
If
you
are
pulling
an
all-nighter,
you’re
going
to
need
a
lot
more
food
than
you
are
used
to
eating.
　3　To
stay
awake,
plan
to
eat
larger
meals
than
normal
and
to
eat
them
more
frequently.
·Drink
the
right
stuff.
It’s
tempting(诱人的)t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
switch
to
sugary
caffeine
drinks
like
Red
Bull,
but
the
sugar
will
lead
to
a
crash.
Instead,
if
you
want
to
use
caffeine,
drink
early
in
the
evening
so
that
it’ll
wear
off
by
the
time
you
want
to
sleep.
　4　Don’t
make
it
worse
by
drinking
sugar.
·　5
Turn
the
lights
down
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at
night
because
bright
lights
keep
you
awake.
For
three
or
four
hours
after
you’re
exposed
to
bright
white
light,
your
body
won’t
make
melatonin,
a
must
for
deep
sleep.
You
will
sleep
better
if
you
turn
the
lights
a
little
bit
down.
A.
Turn
the
lights
off.
B.
Avoid
bright
lights.
C.
Just
do
enough
to
get
energy.
D.
And
your
body
can
never
bear
something
like
that.
E.
Your
brain
can
use
up
to
25
percent
of
your
total
calories.
F.
When
you
stay
up
late,
your
blood
sugar
becomes
abnormal.
G.
There
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )either
more
work
to
be
done,
or
more
fun
to
be
had,
or
both.
答案:
1~5.
GCEFBModule
4
Sandstorms
in
Asia
Period
3
Grammar
Ⅰ.
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.
He
does
nothing
but
__________
(talk).
2.
The
man
could
do
nothing
but
__________
(wait).
3.
We
have
no
choice
but
__________
(leave).
4.
—How
did
you
spend
your
weekend,
Joe
—I
didn’t
fin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
anything
interesting
for
me
but
__________
(do)some
washing
instead
of
my
mother.
5.
She
wished
tha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
he
was
as
easy
__________
(please)as
her
mother,
who
was
always
delighted
with
perfume.
6.
The
work
ne
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eds
__________________________
(complete)by
the
end
of
the
week.
7.
Tom
preten
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ded
__________
(write)something
when
his
mother
came
in.
8.
The
news
reporter
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
hurried
to
the
airport,
only
__________
(tell)the
film
stars
had
left.
9.
It’s
my
honour
__________
(invite)to
spend
time
with
you.
10.
The
doctor
ur
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ged
me
__________
(have)an
X-ray
test,
and
then
he
could
make
a
conclusion.
答案：1.
talk
2.
wait
3.
to
leave
4.
to
do
5.
to
please
6.
to
be
completed/completing
7.
to
be
writing
8.
to
be
told
9.
to
be
invited
10.
to
have
Ⅱ.
完成句子
1.
这把椅子坐起来很舒服。
The
chair
is
comfortable
__________
.
2.
他病得太重,
不能完成那个项目。
He
was
too
ill
__________
that
program.
3.
我不知道要不要去开会。
I
don’t
know
____________________________
or
not.
4.
我迫使他们把钱还给我。
I
_____________
me
the
money
back.
5.
为了赶上火车,
我们最好赶紧乘出租车去车站。
________________
,
we’d
better
hurry
to
the
station
by
taxi.
6.
我不得不告诉她真相。
I
__________
tell
her
the
truth.
7.
她什么都不想做,
只想哭一场。
She
wanted
nothing
__________
.
8.
他搬起石头砸了自己的脚。
He
lifted
a
rock
__________
it
on
his
own
feet.
9.
Fred没有钱,
所以他决定找一份工作。
Fred
didn’t
have
any
money,
so
he
decided
________________
.
10.
请允许我介绍Mr
White给你们。
Please
allow
me
___________________
to
you.
答案：1.
to
sit
on
2.
to
carry
out
3.
whether
to
go
to
the
meeting
4.
made
them
give
5.
To
catch
the
train
6.
can’t
but
7.
but
to
cry
8.
only
to
drop
9.
to
look
for
a
job
10.
to
introduce
Mr
White
Ⅲ.
完形填空
(2015·烟台高一检测)
Do
you
find
yourself
p
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ulling
away
from
others,
especially
if
you’ve
experienced
deep
sadness
Maybe
the
most　1　thing
most
of
us
can
do
is
to
be
with
people
when
we
don’t
feel
like
being
around
anybody.
A
man
whose
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wife
died
of
cancer
found
himself
wanting
to
be　2　.
In
time
he
dropped
out
of
his
community
and　3　all
its
activities.
After
work
he
returned
straight
home
to
a(n)　4　house.
His
free
time
was
spent
watching
TV
or
working
in
the
basement.
His
friends
be
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )came　5　.
One
came
and
invited
him
over
for　6　the
next
evening.
The
two
old
friends
sat
by
a
warm
fireplace.
The
visitor
mentioned
the
invitation
and　7　him
to
come.
“You
may
need
to
allow
others
to
share
your　8　.
”
The
man
responded
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that
he
figured
he
was
better
off　9　being
around
other
people.
He
said,
“It’s
too
difficult
to　10　any
more.
”
They
sat
in　11　wa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tching
the
wood
burn
in
the
fireplace.
Then
the
visitor
did
an
unusual
thing.
He
took
the
tongs
by
the
fireplace,
reached
into
the
fire,
　12　a
flaming
ember(炭块)and
laid
it
down
by
itself
on
the
ground.
“That’s
you,
”he
said.
The
men
sat　13　t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
red-hot
ember
quietly.
It
slowly　14　its
light.
Neither
man
looked
away
as
the
once-hot
coal　15　became
cold.
Then
the
man
said,
“I
know
what
you
want
to
tell
me.
I’ll　16　and
dine
with
you
tomorrow
evening.
”
We
cannot　17　in
any
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
healthy
way
by
ourselves.
The
leaf
needs
the
branch.
The
branch
needs
the
trunk.
The
trunk
needs
the
roots.
And
the
roots
need
the
rest
of
the　18　.
This
means
we
are　19　.
And
in
that
connection,
life
and
vitality(活力)are
found.
So
next
time
when
you
are
sad,
don’t　20　to
open
your
heart
to
others.
【文章大意】烧红的炭块离开火炉就会渐渐熄
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )灭,
一个人脱离了群体和朋友就会变得暗淡无光。故事中的男主人公沉浸在丧妻之痛中无法自拔,
将自己封闭起来,
不与外界接触。但在朋友的劝说下,
他最终重新参与到了社交活动中。
1.
A.
brilliant
B.
necessary
C.
difficult
D.
surprising
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据下
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文故事中男主人公的经历——因为丧妻之痛不愿意与人接触——可知,
此处要表达的意思是:
当我们不想跟别人在一起的时候,
与别人在一起就是一件很“难(difficult)”的事情。下文的It’s
too
difficult
to.
.
.
也是提示。
2.
A.
protective
B.
alone　
C.
aware　
D.
brave
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )据下文中的he
dropped
out
of
his
community及returned
straight
home可知那个男人只想“独处(alone)”。
3.
A.
arranged　
B.
criticized　
C.
ruined
D.
refused
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据下文His
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
free
time
was
spent
watching
TV
or
working
in
the
basement可知他“拒绝(refused)”参加一切活动。
4.
A.
empty　
B.
imaginary
C.
regular
D.
untidy
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据语境“那个男人的妻子死了”及他在家所做的事可判断:
他回到“空荡荡的(empty)”家里,
形单影只。
5.
A.
bored　　
B.
worried　
C.
hopeless　
D.
impatient
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据那个男人的表现和下文他的朋友对他的邀请和规劝可以看出,
他的朋友开始“担心(worried)”起他来了。
6.
A.
dance
B.
lunch
C.
entertainment
D.
supper
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据下文的th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
next
evening和dine
with
you可知,
那个朋友请他第二天晚上共进“晚餐(supper)”。
7.
A.
helped
B.
allowed
C.
encouraged
D.
instructed
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。朋友此行的目的就是希望他振作起来,
故“鼓励(encouraged)”他接受邀请,
跟他们一起吃晚饭。
8.
A.
pain　
B.
opinion　
C.
life　
D.
love
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。这里指让别人分享他的“痛楚(pain)”,
即丧妻之痛。文章第一段的deep
sadness也是提示。
9.
A.
at　
B.
without　
C.
on　
　
D.
except
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。那个男人起先拒
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )绝接受邀请,
他觉得还是“别(without)”跟别人在一起的好。正因为他的态度,
才有下文中朋友用炭作比喻给他讲道理这一情节。
10.
A.
turn
around
B.
stand
up
C.
take
up
D.
get
out
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。那个男人不想去,
故说他很难再“走出去(get
out)”。
11.
A.
excitement
B.
shock
C.
silence
D.
joy
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。那个男人拒绝接受邀请,
气氛应该有点尴尬,
所以两个人都“没说话(in
silence)”。
12.
A.
knocked
B.
fetched
C.
broke
D.
shook
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据la
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )id
it
down
by
itself
on
the
ground可知那个朋友“夹出(fetched)”了一块燃烧的炭。
13.
A.
pressing
B.
holding
C.
touching
D.
watching
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。下句描写的是放在地上的炭块的变化,
故此处指他们静静地“注视着(watching)”炭块。
14.
A.
lost　
B.
showed　
C.
proved　
D.
hid
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据下文became
cold可知炭块被取出来后,
慢慢地熄灭了。四个选项中只有lost可以和light搭配,
表示“熄灭”。
15.
A.
deeply
B.
unwillingly
C.
gradually
D.
actually
【解析】选C。燃烧的炭块从火红到变凉是一个渐变的过程,
故选“渐渐地(gradually)”。
16.
A.
benefit　
B.
go　
C.
think　
D.
change
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。由I
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )know
what
you
want
to
tell
me可知,
那个男人明白了朋友想要表达的意思,
故答应“前往(go)”,
跟他们共进晚餐。
17.
A.
suffer
B.
cry
C.
communicate
D.
survive
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。上文故事中的炭离开
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )火炉的后果是熄灭,
下文中讲到树的各个部分相互依存,
同样的道理,
我们单凭个人是不可能在这个世界上健康地“生存(survive)”下去的。
18.
A.
tree　
B.
root　　
C.
trunk　　
D.
leaf
【解析】选A。背景常识题。叶离不开枝,
枝离不开干,
干离不开根,
同样,
树根无法离开“树(tree)”的其他部分而存活。
19.
A.
amazed
B.
frightened
C.
connected
D.
involved
【解析】选C。作者用一棵树作比喻,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
告诉我们人都是彼此“联系在一起的(connected)”。下文的in
that
connection也是提示。
20.
A.
stop
B.
hesitate　
C.
try　
D.
wish
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。作者告诫我们不要封闭自己,
伤心的时候,
一定要向别人敞开心扉,
不要“犹豫(hesitate)”。
Ⅳ.
语法填空
(2015·德州高一检测)
阅读下面材料,
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Kurt:
Hello,
Lena.
Lena:
Hi,
Kurt.
Ho
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w
are
you It
1.
　　　　　(be)a
long
time
since
I
last
saw
you.
Don’t
you
live
in
the
dorm
any
more
Kurt:
No,
I
2.
　　　　　(move)out
at
the
beginning
of
last
semester.
Lena:
Where
are
you
living
now
Kurt:
I
moved
to
the
O
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ak
Creek
apartment.
I’m
3.
　　　　　(share)a
unit
with
three
other
people,
one
from
Brazil,
one
from
Japan,
and
one
from
Hong
Kong.
Lena:
That
sounds
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
4.
　　　　　(interest).
How
are
you
getting
along
with
your
5.
　　　　　
Kurt:
Everything
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
working
out
just
fine,
at
least
up
to
now.
We
all
share
the
cooking
and
I
do
the
shopping
since
I
have
a
car.
Lena:
I
gues
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
that
would
work
out.
You
6.
　　　　　have
all
kinds
of
foods
from
different
countries.
Kurt:
That’s
right.
I’m
really
7.
　　　　　(enjoy)my
mealtimes!
Lena:
How
nice!
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I’d
love
8.
　　　　　(come)over
and
meet
your
roommates
sometime
next
week.
Kurt:
OK.
How
9.
　　　
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )　　coming
for
dinner I’ll
ask
them
about
it
10.
　　　　　let
you
know.
Lena:
Great.
1.
【解析】has
been　考查固定句型“It
has
been+一段时间+since引导的从句”。
2.
【解析】moved　根据last
semester可知本句用一般过去时。
3.
【解析】sharing　根据上文中的now可知,
本句用现在进行时。
4.
【解析】interesting　interesting有趣的。
5.
【解析】roommates　根据
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )前文的I’m　　　　(share)a
unit
with
three
other
people可知是“室友roommates”。
6.
【解析】must　must在此处表肯定推测。
7.
【解析】enjoying　本句用现在进行时。
8.
【解析】to
come　would
love
to
do
sth.
乐意做某事。
9.
【解析】about　考查固定句型How
about
doing
sth.
……怎么样
10.
【解析】and　and连接并列句。(共23张PPT)
Module
4　Sandstorms
in
Asia
Period
1　Introduction
&
Reading
and
Vocabulary文本研读课
Ⅰ.
根据汉语提示及课文语境写出正确的单词
1.
The
______(内地的;
内陆的)region
has
more
__________(沙尘暴)than
the
one
near
the
sea.
2.
Scientists
have
tried
many
ways
to
solve
this
problem
and
in
China,
a
_____(大量的;
大规模的)
_________(战
役;
活动)has
been
started
to
help
solve
it.
inland
sandstorms
mass
campaign
3.
Sandstorms
in
China
appear
to
have
increased
in
recent
years
as
a
result
of
“_____________(土地的沙
漠化)”.
4.
This
is
a
_______(进程;
过程)that
happens
when
land
becomes
desert.
5.
To
be
______(骑自行车)in
s
sandstorm
is
__________(吓人的;
可怕的).
desertification
process
cycling
frightening
Ⅱ.
匹配词义
1.
cut
down
A.
建议某人做某事
2.
as
a
result
of
B.
在一个特定的时间
3.
dig
up
C.
一个接一个地
4.
wake
up
to
D.
阻止……做某事
5.
in
this
situation
E.
突然遭遇(风暴等)
6.
be
caught
in
F.
在这种情况下
7.
prevent.
.
.
(from)doing
sth.
G.
清楚地意识到
8.
one
after
another
H.
挖掘
9.
at
a
particular
time
I.
由于
10.
advise
sb.
to
do
sth.
J.
砍倒
11.
sweep
away
K.
清除
答案:
1～5.
JIHGF
6～11.
EDCBAK
Ⅲ.
阅读导引
1.
查阅有关沙尘暴的资料,
了解故事发生的背景。
2.
找出课文中描述沙尘暴的词汇和句型。
Step
1　Leading
in
Look
at
the
pictures
and
fill
in
the
blanks.
1.
_____________is
the2.
_______by
which
a
piece
of
land
becomes
dry,
empty,
and
unsuitable
for
growing
trees
or
crops
on.
It
is
the
main
cause
of
a3.
__________,
a
kind
of
bad4.
_______which
usually
happens
in
5.
______and
autumn.
When
a
sandstorm
comes,
the
6.
_____blows
strongly
with7.
____and
sand.
Sometimes
trees
are
even
8.
___down,
and9.
______moves
very
slowly.
It
is
very10.
__________.
Desertification
process
sandstorm
weather
spring
wind
dust
cut
traffic
frightening
Step
2　Fast
Reading
Scan
the
passage
and
match
each
paragraph
with
its
main
idea.
A.
Sandstorms
sometimes
affect
Beijing.
B.
Sandstorms
do
a
lot
of
damage
to
people.
C.
The
government
plants
trees
to
prevent
sandstorms.
D.
Sandstorms
have
been
a
major
disaster
for
many
Asian
countries
for
centuries.
E.
Sandstorms
in
Asia.
F.
Sandstorms
in
China
appear
to
have
increased.
Para.
1
Para.
2
Para.
3
Para.
4
Para.
5
Para.
6
D
E
F
A
B
C
Step
3　Careful
Reading
Ⅰ.
Read
the
text
carefully
and
finish
the
following
tasks.
1.
When
sandstorms
happen,
what
will
you
wear
if
you
go
out
A.
A
hat.
　　B.
A
coat.
　　C.
A
mask.
　　D.
A
tie.
2.
How
many
kilometres
is
the
desert
away
to
the
west
of
Beijing
A.
350.
B.
250.
C.
150.
D.
200.
3.
According
to
the
text,
we
can
learn
that
sandstorms
　　　.
A.
cause
people
to
buy
more
masks
B.
are
difficult
to
deal
with
C.
are
not
dangerous
but
frightening
D.
will
disappear
within
five
years
Ⅱ.
Sentence
explanation.
This
is
a
process
that
happens
when
land
becomes
desert
because
of
climate
changes
and
because
people
cut
down
trees
and
dig
up
grass.
分析:
that
happens.
.
.
是定语从句,
修饰先行词
_______。定语从句中有两个状语从句,
一个是_____引
导的时间状语从句,
另一个是_______引导的原因状语
从句。
process
when
because
句意:
这(沙尘暴)就是_____________________________
_________而使陆地变成沙漠时的一个过程。
因为气候变化和人们砍伐树木、
挖掘草地
Step
4　Retelling
Try
to
retell
the
main
idea
of
the
passage.
Sandstorms
have
been
a
major1.
_______for
many
Asian
countries
for
centuries.
Scientists
have
tried
many
ways
to2.
_____this
problem.
disaster
solve
Sandstorms
are
strong,
dry
winds
that
carry
sand.
They
are
often
3.
__thick
that
you
cannot
see
the
sun,
and
the
wind
is
sometimes
strong
enough
to
move
sand
4.
______.
The
four
mainplaces
in
the
world
5.
______
there
are
sandstorms
are
Central
Asia,
North
America,
Central
Africa
and
Australia.
Ren
Jianbo
described
a
terrible
sandstorm
he
experienced
as
a
child
in
the
desert,
so
dunes
where
“To
6.
____
____
______
_
a
sandstorm
was
a
terrible
7.__________.
”he
said.
“It
was
the
most
8.
__________
and
the
most
dangerous
9.
________
I’ve
ever
been
in.
You
just
had
to
hope
you’d10.
_______.
I
thought
I
was
going
to
disappear
under
the
sand.
”
have
been
caught
in
frightening
situation
survive
experience
Step5　Discussion
　　What
should
people
do
to
protect
themselves
when
a
sandstorm
comes
__________________________________________
____________________________________________
___________________________
People
should
wear
glasses
and
masks
to
protect
their
eyes
and
faces.
If
possible,
they
should
stay
at
home
when
a
sandstorm
comes.Module
4
Sand
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )storms
in
Asia
Period
1
Introduction
Reading
and
Vocabulary
A
sandstorm,
al
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )so
known
as
a
dust
storm,
is
exactly
what
it
sounds
like.
A
very
strong
windstorm
especially
in
the
desert
carries
clouds
of
sand
or
dust
that
greatly
reduces
visibility.
This
wind
is
usually
caused
by
convection
currents(对流气流),
which
are
created
by
intense
heating
of
the
ground,
and
is
usually
strong
enough
to
move
entire
sand
dunes.
Air
is
unstable
when
heated,
and
this
instability
in
the
air
will
cause
higher
winds
to
mix
with
winds
in
the
lower
atmosphere,
producing
strong
surface
winds.
Sandstorms
can
disturb
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
people’s
travel,
and
can
sometimes
destroy
whole
roads,
and
dry
flat
areas.
Similar
dust
storms
can
be
found
on
the
planet
Mars,
and
are
thought
to
be
seasonal.
Today,
the
destruction
of
forests
and
too
much
farming
of
farmland
can
lead
to
sandstorms.
Too
much
use
of
water
resources
can
also
cause
sandstorms.
In
the
United
Stat
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es
of
America,
sandstorms
are
rare
because
of
the
lack
of
large
deserts
and
more
importantly
the
development
of
proper
agricultural
techniques.
The
last
recorded
destructive
sandstorm
in
American
history
was
the
Dust
Bowl,
which
occurred
on
July16,
1971and
was
widely
recorded
by
meteorologists(气象学家).
To
protect
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hemselves
from
sandstorms,
some
people
wear
protective
suits.
Special
equipment
can
be
fixed
in
some
cars
to
prevent
sand
from
getting
into
the
engine.
Sandstorms
can
cause
coughs,
and
the
sand
and
dust
has
also
been
known
to
carry
“infectious
diseases”.
Sand
particles,
unlike
dust
ones,
will
block
air
passages,
and
cause
a
person
who
breathes
them
in
to
choke.
Dust
particles
may
cause
an
allergic(过敏的)reaction.
Ⅰ.
Skim
the
passage
and
find
the
main
idea
quickly.
____________________________________________________________
答案：The
passa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ge
aims
to
tell
us
the
formation
and
damage
of
sandstorms.
Ⅱ.
Read
the
passage
again
and
choose
the
best
answers.
1.
Which
of
the
fo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )llowing
plays
the
first
part
in
forming
sandstorms
A.
The
instability
of
the
sand.
B.
The
instability
of
the
wind.
C.
The
intense
heating
of
the
ground.
D.
The
speed
of
the
wind.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。从第一段的句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子“This
wind
is
usually
caused
by
convection
currents,
which
are
created
by
intense
heating
of
the
ground”可知沙尘暴的最初形成是因为地面的热量。
2.
From
the
second
paragraph,
we
can
learn
that
at
present　　　.
A.
sandstorms
are
more
often
seen
on
Mars
than
on
Earth
B.
sandstorms
have
led
to
the
lack
of
clean
water
resources
C.
farming
brings
more
harm
than
benefits
to
humans
D.
human
activities
are
a
major
cause
of
sandstorms
【解析】选D。细节理解题。从第二段的句子
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“Today,
the
destruction
of
forests
and
too
much
farming
of
farmland
can
lead
to
sandstorms.
Too
much
use
of
water
resources
can
also
cause
sandstorms.
”可知现在沙尘暴的形成主要是因为人的活动。
3.
The
author
will
most
probably
agree
that
________
.
A.
there
will
soon
be
no
sandstorms
in
the
USA
B.
humans
haven’t
thought
of
any
way
to
deal
with
sandstorms
C.
death
caused
by
sandstorms
is
increasing
all
the
time
D.
humans
should
make
more
efforts
to
stop
soil
turning
into
desert
【解析】选D。推理判断题。从第三段的句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子“In
the
United
States
of
America,
sandstorms
are
rare
because
of
the
lack
of
large
deserts
and
more
importantly
the
development
of
proper
agricultural
techniques.
”可知作者认为人类应该努力不让土地变成沙漠。(共105张PPT)
Module
4　Sandstorms
in
Asia
Period
4　Integrating
Skills
要点讲解课
Ⅰ.
阅读下列句子,
理解并识记黑体部分单词,
在括号内
写出其汉语意思
1.
This
chemical
acts
as
an
acid
in
our
experiment.
　
(
)
2.
We
should
protect
the
environment
from
pollution.
　(
)
3.
The
ice
will
melt
when
the
sun
shines
on
it.
　(
)
化学药品
环境
融化
4.
The
new
law
will
reduce
pollution
of
the
rivers.
　
(
)
5.
Recycling
of
rubbish
costs
money
and
requires
special
equipment.
(
)
6.
Naturally
we
were
concerned
for
him
when
we
heard
of
the
accident.
(
)
7.
There
wasn’t
enough
evidence
to
prove
him
guilty.
　
(
)
污染
回收利用
担心的
根据
8.
The
task
is
so
urgent
that
it
allows
of
no
hesitation.
　
(
)
9.
She
often
complains
that
he
is
dishonest.
　(
)
10.
Don’t
worry.
Your
voice
sounds
absolutely
fine.
　
(
)
紧急的
抱怨
绝对地
Ⅱ.
补全短语
1.
have
a
bad
effect
___　
对……有坏影响
2.
____in
吸收
3.
____out
放出;
发出
4.
__a
nutshell
简言之;
概括地讲
5.
look
_______
浏览
on
take
give
in
through
6.
be
_________
about
关心;
担忧
7.
have
difficulty
__
_____sth.
做某事有困难
8.
____away
拿走;
解除
9.
________about
抱怨
10.
if
_______
如果可能的话
concerned
in
doing
take
complain
possible
读The
Green
Movement选择正确的答案
1.
How
is
the
garbage
dealt
with
in
Germany
A.
The
garbage
is
thrown
away.
B.
The
garbage
is
burned.
C.
The
garbage
is
buried.
D.
The
garbage
is
recycled,
if
possible.
2.
When
did
the“Green”movement
begin
A.
In1970.
　　　　　　
B.
In
the1970s.
C.
In
the1960s.
D.
The
passage
doesn’t
tell
us.
3.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
NOT
the
responsibility
of
the“Green”movement
A.
Toget
governments
to
think
seriously
about
the
environment.
B.
To
collect
information
about
how
industry
is
damaging
the
environment.
C.
To
give
information
of
damaging
environment
to
newspapers.
D.
To
stop
the
pollution
activities.
4.
According
to
the
passage,
which
of
the
following
statements
is
NOT
true
A.
All
the
countries
in
the
world
are
looking
after
the
environment
best.
B.
The
“Green”
movement
has
already
spread
all
over
Europe.
C.
The
“Green”
movement
tries
to
get
governments
to
think
about
the
environment
carefully.
D.
People
in
Germany
are
not
allowed
to
burn
too
much
coal.
1.
concerned
adj.
关心的;
担心的
※She
is
very
concerned
about
her
son’s
study.
她很关心儿子的学习。
※I
was
concerned
that
I
was
not
protected
and
would
get
sunburn.
我担心我未作任何防护可能会被晒伤。
※We
could
not
prove
he
was
concerned
with/in
the
crime,
so
we
had
to
release
him.
我们无法证明他与此罪行有关,
因此不得不释放了他。
※(2013·浙江高考)As
far
as
your
body
is
concerned,
it’s“use
it
or
lose
it”!
就你的身体而言,
非用即失!
※We
have
several
discussions
concerning
the
matter.
关于这件事,
我们已讨论了好几次。
【自我归纳】
①_______　　　　　
vt.
与……有关;
涉及;
使担心
②be
concerned
about/that.
.
.
__________________
③__________________
与……有关
④_____________________________
就……而言
⑤__________
prep.
关于
concern
关心……;
担心……
be
concerned
with/in
as/so
far
as
sth.
/sb.
be
concerned
concerning
【活学活用】
1.
①当我自己待在外面的时候,
母亲总是很担心我的安
全。
Mother
___
_________
______my
safety
when
I
stayed
outside
by
myself.
②我和那件事再也没有关系了。
I
___
__
_________
_____that
matter
any
longer.
was
concerned
about
am
not
concerned
with
③就我们而言,
你们随时可以走。
__
___
__
_____
_________,
you
can
go
whenever
you
want.
As
far
as
we’re
concerned
单句语法填空。
④The
lawyer
unearthed
some
new
evidence
__________
(concern)the
case.
concerning
2.
give
out放出;
发出
※The
sun
gives
out
light
and
heat.
太阳发出光和热。
※Please
give
out
the
examination
papers.
请把试卷分发下去。
※After
a
day’s
walk,
both
the
horse
and
the
man
gave
out.
走了一天后,
人和马都筋疲力尽了。
※He
has
refused
to
give
out
any
information
on
the
matter.
他已拒绝公布有关此事的任何消息。
※He
plans
to
stay
there
until
his
money
gives
out.
他计划在那里待到钱用光为止。
【自我归纳】
　　give
out除了表示“发出;
放出”外,
还有“_____、
_________、_____、_____”等意思。
分发
筋疲力尽
公布
用光
【巧学助记】give
out多棱镜
【知识延伸】
give
away赠送;
泄露;
出卖　
give
back送还;
使恢复
give
in让步;
投降;
交上
give
off释放出;
发出
give
up投降;
放弃
【活学活用】
2.
用give的相关短语完成句子。
①The
monitor
helped
the
teacher
____
___the
new
books
to
the
class.
②We
heard
a
shot.
The
smoke
had
_____
us
_____.
③Officials
say
they
won’t
____
__to
the
workers’
demands.
give
out
given
away
give
in
④Have
you
_____
___drinking
whisky
before
breakfast
⑤I
must
give
_____
the
two
books
to
the
library
before
Friday.
单句改错。
⑥We
must
go
home.
Our
money
has
been
given
out.
_________
given
up
back
去掉been
句型转换。
⑦I’ve
been
on
the
run
all
day
and
I’m
exhausted.
→I’ve
been
on
the
run
all
day
and
my
strength
____
___.
gave
out
3.
look
through浏览
品读例句,
体会黑体部分的含义。
①I
have
the
habit
of
looking
through
newspapers
after
supper.
我有晚饭后_____报纸的习惯。
浏览
②You
should
look
through
your
paper
before
handing
it
in.
交试卷之前你应该_________一下。
③She
looked
through
her
notes
before
the
examination.
考试前她_____了一遍笔记。
仔细检查
温习
【知识延伸】
look
for寻找　　　　
look
after照顾;
照看
look
into往里看;
调查
look
out当心
look
up查阅;
抬头看
look
forward
to期盼
look
down
on轻视,
看不起
【活学活用】
3.
用look的相关短语完成句子。
①A
working
party
has
been
set
up
to
____
____the
problem.
②I
______
________some
magazines
while
I
waited
in
the
bookstore.
look
into
looked
through
③I
______
________my
homework
to
make
sure
that
nothing
had
been
missed.
④You
should
____
___the
right
pronunciation
of
this
word
in
the
dictionary.
looked
through
look
up
4.
I
couldn’t
agree
with
you
more.
我再同意你的观点不过了。(我非常同意你)
It
couldn’t
be
worse.
再糟糕不过了。
【句型剖析】
这两句都是用比较级的形式表示最高级的含义。否定
词与比较级连用,
比如not,
never与形容词或副词的比
较级连用,
表示最高级含义。意为:
“_____________
___________”或“________”。
再没有比……
更……的了
最,
非常
①I
have
never
seen
_
_____
________before.
这是我见
到的最高的建筑了。
②The
weather
_______
__
______.
天气再糟糕不过了。
a
taller
building
couldn’t
be
worse
【活学活用】
4.
单句改错。
①(2013·浙江高考)I
couldn’t
have
enjoyed
myself
most—it
was
a
perfect
day.
___________
②If
you
say“I
couldn’t
be
happy”you
mean
that
you
are
extremely
happy.
_____________________
most→more
第一个happy→happier
【备选要点】
1.
complain
vi.
抱怨;
发牢骚
※You
have
no
reason
to
complain.
你没有理由抱怨。
※The
couple
complained
to
us
about
the
high
cost
of
visiting
Europe.
这对夫妇向我们抱怨到欧洲旅行的高额花销。
※He
complained
to
the
police
that
the
boys
had
stolen
his
apples.
他向警方控告那些男孩偷了他的苹果。
※She
often
complains
that
he
is
dishonest.
她常埋怨他不诚实。
※If
you
want
to
make
a
complaint,
you
should
see
the
manager.
如果你想投诉,
你应该找经理。
【自我归纳】
①_________________________________　　
向某人抱怨/投诉某事
②__________________
抱怨……
③_________
n.
抱怨,
不满,
投诉
④make
a
_________about/of
sth.
/doing
sth.
抱怨/诉说某事/做某事
complain
to
sb.
about
sth.
/that-clause
complain
that-clause
complaint
complaint
【巧学助记】complain含义面面观
【活学活用】
1.
①所有的客人都抱怨外面的噪音。
All
the
guests
__________
______the
noise
outside.
②她向我抱怨他的粗鲁。
She
__________
___me
_____
his
rudeness.
complained
about
complained
to
about
③有人抱怨说房间不干净而且也不是很舒服。
Someone
__________
____the
room
was
not
clean
and
that
it
was
not
very
comfortable
either.
④他说他会向经理投诉。
He
said
he
would
_____
_
__________to
the
manager.
complained
that
make
a
complaint
单句改错。
⑤If
the
service
is
awful,
a
customer
has
the
right
to
complain
for
the
manager.
_______
⑥Self
do,
self
have.
I’ve
really
got
nothing
to
complain.
_________________
for→to
complain后加about
2.
urgent
adj.
紧急的
※We
have
an
urgent
thing.
我们有一件紧急的事情。
※She
was
urgent
for
the
doctor
to
come.
她催促医生快点来。
※The
earthquake
victims
are
in
urgent
need
of
medical
supplies.
地震灾民迫切需要医疗用品。
※It
is
most
urgent
that
the
patient
should
get
to
hospital.
那个病人应该马上去医院。
【自我归纳】
①be
urgent
for　　　　　　___________
②__________________
急切需要
③It
be
urgent
that-clause
_______________(从句中
用should+v.
急切地催促
be
in
urgent
need
of
迫切地需要……
【知识延伸】
urge　　　　　　　
vt.
推进,
极力主张;
催促,
激励
urge
sb.
to
do.
.
.
敦促某人做……
urge
sb.
into
doing.
.
.
敦促某人做……
urge
sb.
against
强烈反对某人
urge
sb.
on
鼓励;
激励;
为某人加油
【活学活用】
2.
①洪水过后居民急需食品和洁净水。
Residents
____
__
______
____
__food
and
clean
water
after
the
flood.
②我国急需建立学术抄袭惩戒法律制度。
It
__
_____
___China
to
establish
a
punishing
system
for
academic
misconduct.
were
in
urgent
need
of
is
urgent
for
单句语法填空。
③It
is
urgent
that
food
and
clothing
______________
(send)to
the
sufferers.
④He
urged
me
_______(drive)carefully
on
the
icy
roads.
(should)
be
sent
to
drive
3.
evidence
n.
根据;
证明
※(2013·江苏高考)Not
a
single
Triassic
specimen
showed
evidence
of
that
sort
of
injury.
在三叠纪的标本里,
没有任何证据显示这种伤害。
※(2014·重庆高考)There’s
plenty
of
evidence
that
fatness
runs
in
families.
有很多证据显示肥胖具有家族遗传性。
※It
was
early,
and
few
pedestrians
were
in
evidence
on
the
city
streets.
天还很早,
显而易见城市街道上的行人很稀少。
【自我归纳】
①_____________
……的证明/依据
②there’s
plenty
of
evidence
that.
.
.
___________________
③be
in
evidence
______________
evidence
for/of
有很多证据显示……
明显,
显而易见
【知识延伸】
evident　　　　　　　
adj.
明白的,
明显的
It
is
evident
that.
.
.
很明显……
evidently
adv.
明显地,
显然地
【活学活用】
3.
①A
scientist
must
produce
evidence
in
support
of
his
theory.
译:
_________________________________
②有证据显示,
那个国家的经济正在复苏。
_____
_
_____
_________that
economy
is
recovering
in
that
country.
科学家必须提供证据以支持其理论。
There
is
some
evidence
③科学家发现了月球上有水的新证据。
Scientists
found
new
________
_____water
on
moon.
④她那一头红发在人群中格外醒目。
Her
red
hair
was
much
__
________in
the
crowd.
evidence
for/of
in
evidence
单句语法填空。
⑤It
is
_______(evidence)that
passengers
on
trains
without
free
WiFi
will
use
their
smartphones
and
other
mobile
devices
less.
⑥She
walked
slowly
down
the
road,
________
(evidence)
in
pain.
evident
evidently
4.
have
a
bad
effect
on对……有坏影响
※(2016·四川高考)These
hormones
also
have
a
positive
effect
on
the
heart
and
blood
flow.
荷尔蒙还同样对心脏和血液的流动有积极的影响。
※(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Your
house
may
have
an
effect
on
your
figure.
你的房子会影响到你的体形。
※His
reply
is
in
effect
an
apology.
他的答复事实上是一种道歉。
※The
new
tax
law
will
not
take
effect(=come
into
effect
)until
next
month.
新税法要到下个月才开始实施。
【自我归纳】
①effect　　　
n.
_______________
②____________________
对……有影响
③______________=take
effect
生效
④_______
事实上,
实际上
影响;
效果;
作用
have
an
effect
on/upon
come
into
effect
in
effect
【名师指津】
(1)effect是名词,
“影响”,
搭配短语:
have
an
effect
on
sth.
=have
an
influence
on
sth.
对……有影响。
(2)affect是动词,
“影响”,
直接跟宾语,
affect
sth.
对……有影响,
且通常指不利的影响。
【活学活用】
4.
一句多译。
①含酒精的饮料会对你的身体有坏的影响。
Alcoholic
drink
can
_____
__
____
_____
___
your
body.
=Alcoholic
drink
can
_____
__
____
________
___
your
body.
=Alcoholic
drink
can
_____
your
body
badly.
have
a
bad
effect
on
have
a
bad
influence
on
affect
②新交通法规已于2016年1月1日开始生效了。
The
new
traffic
laws
have
_____
___
______since
January
1st,
2016.
=The
new
traffic
laws
have
_____
_____since
January
1st,
2016.
come
into
effect
taken
effect
③他说他是牛津毕业的,
但实际上他从没上过大学。
He
said
he
graduated
from
Oxford,
while
__
_____,
he
never
went
to
college.
④But
bad
weather
does
not
affect
our
mood.
(句型转换)
→But
bad
weather
___
__
_____
___our
mood.
in
effect
has
no
effect
on
5.
take
in吸收
※Trees
take
in
carbon
dioxide
and
give
out
oxygen.
树吸收二氧化碳释放氧气。
※We
were
completely
taken
in
by
his
story.
我们完全被他的故事欺骗了。
※The
kind
old
lady
offered
to
take
in
the
poor
homeless
stranger.
那位好心的老太太愿意收留这个贫困的无家可归的陌生人。
※The
students
couldn’t
take
in
the
lecture.
学生们不能理解这个讲座。
【自我归纳】
　　take
in除了表示“吸收”外,
还有“_____、_____、
_____”等意思。
欺骗
收留
理解
【知识延伸】
take
away　
拿走
take
over
接收,
接管
take
off
起飞;
匆匆离开;
脱下
take
on
呈现;
雇用
take
up
占去;
开始从事,
着手处理
【活学活用】
5.
用适当的介、副词填空。
①Scientific
research
has
proved
that
fish
take
__
oxygen
through
their
gills.
②When
do
you
guess
the
airplane
will
take
___to
New
York
③He
wants
to
know
who
has
take
_____his
dictionary.
in
off
away
④Peter
will
take
____as
managing
director
when
Bill
retires.
⑤The
trees
began
to
turn
green,
and
it
took
___the
look
of
spring.
⑥I
must
get
rid
of
this
large
table;
it
takes
___too
much
room.
over
on
up
⑦(2015·太原高一检测)她说话时我正在想别的事情,
我没有真正理解她说的话。
I
was
thinking
of
something
else
while
she
was
speaking
and
I
didn’t
really
____
__what
she
was
saying.
take
in
6.
The
garbage
is
then
taken
away
and,
if
possible,
recycled.
然后垃圾被带走,
如果可能的话,
进行回收利用。
【句型剖析】
(1)if
possible是_____________的省略形式,
意为“如果
可能的话”。
(2)在if,
when,
while,
once,
whether,
unless引导的从句
中,
如果从句的主语与主句的主语相同,
并且从句中含
有系动词be的某种形式时,
或从句的主语是it时,
从句中
的主语及部分谓语(be动词)可省略。
if
it
is
possible
①I
will
go
to
Beijing
this
week;
__
(__
__)_______,
I’ll
take
my
girlfriend
with
me.
这个星期我要去北京,
可能的话,
我将带着我的女朋友
一块儿去。
②He
was
knocked
down
while(
__
____)_______
____
_____.
过马路时他被撞倒了。
if
it
is
possible
he
was
crossing
the
street
【知识延伸】if引导省略的情况常有下列几种:
if
any　　　
如果有的话
if
necessary
如果需要的话
if
so
如果是这样的话
if
ever
如果曾经有的话
if
not
不这样的话
【活学活用】
6.
①There
are
not
many
novels
in
our
library,
__
___.
如果有的话,
我们图书馆的小说也不多。
②__
_______,
I
will
do
everything
to
help
you.
如果可能的话,
我将尽全力帮助你。
if
any
If
possible
③(2015·北京高考)__
________for
the
job,
you’ll
be
informed
soon.
如果接受你做这件工作,
你将很快得到通知。
④这儿气候宜人,
如果曾经有过(高温)的话,
夏天温度
也很少达到30摄氏度。
(2014·福建高考)The
climate
here
is
quite
pleasant,
the
temperature
rarely,
_
_____,
reaching30℃in
summer.
If
accepted
if
ever
【课堂小结】
Ⅰ.
词汇串记
As
the
development
of
economy
we
have
been
polluting
the
environment.
The
factories
pour
chemicals
into
the
rivers
and
give
out
carbon
dioxide
into
the
air.
Of
course,
the
factories
also
produce
much
garbage.
There
is
evidence
that
many
major
cities,
including
coastal
ones,
are
polluted
one
after
another.
It’s
true
that
most
of
us
are
concerned
about
the
environmental
protection.
But
it’s
no
use
complaining
about
the
present
urgent
and
scary
situation.
We
must
take
action
to
save
and
recycle
resources.
In
a
nutshell,
it’s
every
citizen’s
duty
to
fight
against
pollution
and
protect
the
environment.
Ⅱ.
句式背诵
1.
I
have
never
heard
a
better
story.
我从没听过这么好的故事。
2.
You’d
better
drive
over
to
pick
me
up,
if
possible.
如果可能的话,
你最好开车过来接我。
3.
You
can
learn
how
to
look
after
life
after
you
have
a
pet.
养一个宠物,
你会学到如何关照生命。
4.
There
are
many
bad
customs
and
rules
that
ought
to
be
abolished.
有许多不良的习俗和法规应予以废除。
如何写环境保护类文章
　　环境保护类文章就是针对不断恶化的环境问题提出解决措施,
并呼吁人们采取行动保护环境的文章。其体裁多样,
包括议论文、演讲稿等。通常采用三段式:
第一段描述环境的现状及危害,
第二段提出有效的措施,
第三段号召大家保护环境,
回扣主题。
假如你正在参加学校举行的英语演讲比赛,
就如何应对全球变暖这一话题发表自己的见解,
号召同学们过低碳生活,
为减少二氧化碳(CO2)排放做贡献。请就这一话题写一篇演讲稿,
陈述你自己的观点。(词数:
120个左右)
演讲稿应包括以下内容:
1.
节能减排,
低碳生活,
人人可为;
2.
改变以往的家庭生活习惯(如用电、用水);
3.
出行使用公共交通工具或骑自行车;
4.
你的看法。
参考词汇:
低碳生活low
carbon
life;
碳排放carbon
emissions;
燃料fuel
Step1　审题谋篇
体　裁
演讲稿
话　题
如何应对全球变暖
时　态
一般现在时
人　称
第三人称
段　落
布　局
开头:
点明主题
主体:
过低碳生活的措施
结尾:
发出倡议
Step2　遣词造句
1.
我的题目是怎样过低碳生活。
①过着一种……生活　　　　　___________
②根据下列示例仿写句子:
示例:
His
problem
is
how
to
finish
the
job
in
a
short
time.
仿写:
My
topic
today
____________a
low
carbon
life.
live
a.
.
.
life
is
how
to
live
2.
众所周知,
地球由于全球气候变化正逐渐变得越来
越暖和。
①(我们都知道)众所周知
_____________
②越来越暖
__________________
③由于
________________
as
we
all
know
warmer
and
warmer
because
of(due
to)
④用定语从句将下列简单句连接成一个复合句:
We
all
know.
The
earth
is
becoming
warmer
and
warmer
because
of
the
global
climate
change.
____________________________________________
_______________________________________
As
we
all
know,
the
earth
is
becoming
warmer
and
warmer
because
of
the
global
climate
change.
3.
许多人可能认为低碳生活距我们很远。
①距……远
_____________
②翻译此句:
Many
people
may
think
that
low
carbon
life
__________
________.
far
away
from
is
far
away
from
us
4.
只有我们知道在日常生活中怎样做,
并过低碳生活
我们才能有所改变。
①在我们日常生活中
______________
②做出改变
________________
in
our
daily
life
make
a
difference
③根据下列示例仿写句子:
示例:
Only
if
we
know
where
he
is
can
we
go
to
find
him.
仿写:
______we
know
what
we
do
in
our
daily
life
and
live
a
low
carbon
life
______________________.
Only
if
can
we
make
a
difference
Step
3　润色组篇
(注意使用however,
firstly,
secondly,
instead
of等关联词)
Good
morning,
everyone,
My
topic
today
is
how
to
live
a
low
carbon
life.
As
we
all
know,
the
earth
is
becoming
warmer
and
warmer
because
of
the
global
climate
change.
Many
people
may
think
that
low
carbon
life
is
far
away
from
us.
However,
every
one
of
us
can
reduce
our
daily
carbon
emissions
by
doing
something.
Firstly,
changing
our
previous
living
habit
of
wasting
things
is
the
first
step.
We
can
use
energy
saving
electricity
lights
instead
of
the
traditional
lights.
Never
leave
the
water
running
when
we
don’t
use
it.
When
we
need
to
contact
someone,
it’s
better
to
send
an
e-mail
than
use
paper
to
write
letters.
Secondly,
use
the
public
transport
or
ride
our
bicycles
instead
of
driving
private
cars
when
we
travel
somewhere.
It
is
believed
that
the
global
climate
change
is
due
to
the
human’s
activities.
Only
if
we
know
what
we
do
in
our
daily
life
and
live
a
low
carbon
life
can
we
make
a
difference.
【策略点拨】
Ⅰ.
关于环境保护方面的文章一般应注意以下三个方面:
1.
观点明确,
证据充分,
时态正确。
2.
条理清晰,
内容连贯;
可以使用It
is
well-known/As
we
allknow/As
is
known,
however/but,
on
the
other
hand等过渡性词汇。
3.
环保议论文一般按照“三段论”来写:
介绍现象(提出问题)——提出相关应对措施——呼吁人们增强环保意识,
自觉保护环境。
Ⅱ.
常用句式:
1.
With
the
increasingly
rapid
economic
development,
more
problems
are
brought
to
our
attention.
随着经济的日益迅速发展,
更多的问题受到我们的关注。
2.
Pollution
has
been
making
more
and
more
water
unable
for
drinking.
污染正在使得越来越多的水不能饮用。
3.
Air
pollution
has
become
a
danger
to
people’s
life.
空气污染已经成为人们生活的威胁。
4.
Environmental
problems
are
becoming
more
and
more
serious
all
over
the
world.
在全世界,
环境问题正在变得越来越严重。
5.
I
think
environmental
protection
is
of
vital
importance
because
we
are
faced
with
the
danger
of
lack
of
energy.
我认为环境保护是至关重要的,
因为我们正面临着缺乏能源的危险。
6.
On
one
hand,
we’d
better
launch
a
campaign
to
raise
people’s
awareness
of
environmental
protection.
On
the
other
hand,
do
what
we
can
to
influence
people
around
us
to
go
to
work
or
school
on
foot
or
by
bike.
一方面,
我们最好发起一项运动,
来提高人们对环境保护的意识。另一方面,
我们要竭尽全力影响周围的人步行或骑车去上班或上学。
7.
In
my
opinion,
there
are
many
things
we
can
do.
In
our
daily
life,
we
shouldn’t
waste
any
food
or
paper.
It
is
also
advisable
to
refuse
to
use
disposable
chopsticks
and
plastic
bags.
依我之见,
我们可以做很多事情。在日常生活中,
我们不应浪费食物和纸张。也建议拒绝使用一次性筷子和塑料袋。
8.
If
everyone
makes
a
contribution
to
environmental
protection,
the
world
will
become
much
more
beautiful.
如果每个人都为保护环境做出贡献,
世界会变得更加美好。
9.
When
everyone
realizes
the
significance
of
environmental
protection
and
adopts
some
feasible
measures,
I
am
fully
confident
that
we
can
enjoy
a
cleaner
environment.
当每个人都充分意识到环境保护的重要性,
并采取可行的措施,
我坚信我们能享有更干净的环境。
10.
Both
governments
and
ordinary
citizens
should
join
hands
to
make
this
world
a
better
place
to
live
in,
not
only
for
ourselves,
but
also
for
future
generations.
不仅仅是为了我们自己,
更是为了我们的后代,
政府和普通公民应该联合起来,
使这个世界变成更美好的家园。(共72张PPT)
Module
4　Sandstorms
in
Asia
Introduction
&
Reading
and
Vocabulary
　
Ⅰ.
根据音标和词义写出下列单词
1.
_____
(adj.
)大量的;
大规模的
2.
_________
(n.
)战役;
活动
3.
_______
(n.
)进程;
过程
4.
____
(n.
)沙尘;
灰尘
5.
_____
(n.
)面罩
mass
campaign
process
dust
mask
Ⅱ.
写出黑体单词在句子中的含义
1.
A
sandstorm
is
a
strong
wind
in
a
desert
area,
which
carries
sand
through
the
air.
(
)
2.
That
city
is
not
a
coastal(沿海的)
city
but
an
inland
city.
(
)
3.
He
threw
it
forward
with
all
his
strength.
(
)
沙尘暴
内陆的
力气
4.
The
teacher
forecast
that
15
of
his
pupils
would
pass
the
examination.
(
)
5.
It
was
a
very
frightening
experience
and
they
were
very
courageous.
(
)
6.
All
the
citizens
must
follow
the
rules
of
the
city.
(
)
7.
She
has
decided
to
cycle
to
work,
so
she
wants
to
buy
a
new
bike.
(
)
预测
吓人的
市民
骑自行车
Ⅲ.
根据语境猜测黑体短语的含义
1.
There
is
pollution
in
most
places
partly
because
of
having
cut
down
too
many
trees.
(
)
2.
I
was
caught
in
a
heavy
rain
yesterday,
as
a
result
I
was
late
for
the
visit
of
the
gallery.
(
)
3.
When
the
meeing
was
over,
we
went
out
of
the
room
one
after
another.
(
)
4.
He
was
digging
up
the
tree
to
move
it.
(
)
砍倒
突然遇上
一个接一个地
挖出，掘出
Ⅳ.
根据语境及汉语提示写出相应的短语
1.
The
____________has
more
sandstorms
than
the
one
near
the
sea.
(内陆地区)
2.
Everyone
has
duty
to
_________the
environment.
(关注)
3.
What
would
you
do
______________ (在这种形势下)
inland
region
look
after
in
this
situation
4.
Sandstorms
have
been
a
_____________for
many
Asian
countries
for
centuries.
(主要的灾难)
5.
In
our
city,
a
______________has
been
started
to
reduce
pollution.
(大规模的运动)
6.
Did
you
experience
a
terrible
sandstorm
_________ (小时候)
major
disaster
mass
campaign
as
a
child
7.
That
morning
I
__________my
flooded
bedroom.
(醒来发觉；认识
到，意识到)
8.
There
is
too
much
dust
on
the
floor
of
our
bedroom,
please
______
it
_____.
(扫除，扫掉)
woke
up
to
sweep
away
Ⅰ.
速读文章完成下列习题
1.
What
is
the
best
description
about
a
sandstorm
according
to
the
passage
A.
It
is
a
major
disaster
for
many
Asian
countries
for
centuries.
B.
It
is
a
strong
wind
carrying
sand.
C.
It
is
a
way
to
cause
land
to
become
desert.
D.
It
is
a
kind
of
natural
disaster
that
can’t
be
treated.
2.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
passage
A.
a
Major
Disaster
for
Many
Asian
Countries
B.
A
World
Disaster
C.
A
Major
Disaster
and
Ways
to
Deal
With
This
Problem
in
Many
Asian
Countries
D.
Try
to
Solve
This
Problem
Ⅱ.
细读文章并选出最佳答案
1.
When
sandstorms
happen,
what
will
you
wear
if
you
go
out
A.
A
hat.
B.
A
coat.
C.
A
mask.
D.
A
tie.
2.
How
many
kilometres
is
the
desert
away
to
the
west
of
Beijing
A.
350.
B.
250.
C.
150.
D.
200.
3.
Which
statement
is
WRONG
A.
People
sometimes
can’t
forecast
the
strength
of
a
storm.
B.
The
government
plans
to
continue
planting
trees
for
the
next
ten
years.
C.
Northwest
China
is
part
of
the
sandstorm
center
in
Central
Asia.
D.
Sandstorms
sometimes
affect
Beijing.
4.
According
to
the
text,
we
can
learn
that
sandstorms　　　.
A.
cause
people
to
buy
more
masks
B.
are
difficult
to
deal
with
C.
are
not
dangerous
but
frightening
D.
will
disappear
within
five
years
Ⅲ.
复读文章并完成短文
　　Sandstorms
which
begin
in
1.
______
areas
are
strong,
dry
winds
that
carry
sand.
The
wind
is
strong
enough
to
move
sand
2.
______.
Sandstorms
mainly
occur
in
four
places
in
the
world
including
3.
_______
Asia,
with
4.
_________
China
as
the
center.
Sandstorms
have
increased
in
recent
years
as
a
result
of
5.
_____________.
Beijing
is
sometimes
affected
by
sandstorms.
They
affect
the
city’s
6.
______
because
the
thick
dust
makes
it
difficult
to
see.
Sandstorms
can
desert
dunes
Central
Northwest
desertification
traffic
be
7.
_______
some
weeks
before,
but
the
8.
________
of
the
storm
sometimes
surprises
people.
When
a
sandstorm
occurs,
weather
experts
advise
people
not
to
go
out,
they
have
to
wear
a
9.
_____
because
it’s
difficult
to
10.
_______
and
the
dust
makes
people
ill.
To
prevent
sandstorms
from
coming
nearer,
the
government
of
Beijing
is
planting
trees.
forecast
strength
mask
breathe
【读而后思】
As
far
as
you
are
concerned,
what
are
the
causes
of
sandstorm
___________________________
_______________________
______________________________
______________________________
__________________________________
_____________________
___________________________
①cutting
down
too
many
trees;
②desertification(沙漠化);
③high
temperature
and
little
rain;
④serious
air
and
water
pollution;

⑤the
growing
population
of
the
world;
⑥improper
use
of
land;
⑦rapid
spread
of
urbanization
1.
frightening
adj.
吓人的；可怕的
It
has
lasted
for
ten
hours
and
was
very
frightening.
它(沙尘暴)持续了十个小时，真是太可怕了。
I
can’t
forget
that
frightening
experience.
我无法忘记那段令人恐惧的经历。
【归纳拓展】
(1)frighten
vt.
(使)惊恐
frighten
sb.
into
doing
sth.
吓唬某人做某事
frighten
sb.
out
of
doing
sth.
吓唬某人使其不敢做某事
(2)frightened
adj.
感到恐惧的；害怕的
be
frightened
at/of
害怕……；对……感到恐惧
be
frightened
to
do
sth.
害怕去做某事
You
needn’t
be
frightened
at
the
dog.
你不必怕那条狗。
【名师点津】
　　frightening意为“令人恐惧的；可怕的”，一般用于指事物。frightened意为“受惊的，害怕的”，一般修饰人，表示人的感受。
【即学活用】用frighten的适当形式填空。
①The
big
earthquake
was
very
__________.
这场大地震非常可怕。
②The
little
boy
was
_________
by
the
fierce
dog.
那个小孩被恶狗吓坏了。
③Nothing
can
_______
this
fearless
boy.
什么也吓不住这个勇敢的男孩。
frightening
frightened
frighten
④(2015·本溪高一检测)The
robber
said
in
a________
voice
and
the
students
felt________
.
A.
frightening;
frightened
B.
frightened;
frightening
C.
frightened;
frightened
D.
frightening;
frightening
【解析】选A。考查形容词辨析。句意:
盗贼说话的声音令人害怕,
学生们十分恐惧。frightening令人害怕的;
frightened感到害怕的。故选A。
2.
cut
down
砍倒；缩减，减少
Do
not
cut
down
the
tree
that
gives
you
shade.
[谚]遮荫之树不可砍。
I
haven’t
given
up
smoking
but
I’m
cutting
down.
我没有戒烟，但是吸烟少了。
【归纳拓展】
cut
in
插嘴，打断
cut
off
切断，阻断，隔绝
cut
out
剪除，切掉，删除
cut
up
切碎
Don’t
try
to
cut
in
while
others
are
talking.
别人谈话时不要插嘴。
He
was
cut
off
from
his
fellows.
他和同伴失去了联系。
【即学活用】用cut的短语完成句子。
①The
heavy
wind
______
the
wire.
大风刮断了电线。
②The
doctor
told
me
to
______
meat
for
my
fat.
由于肥胖，大夫叫我停止吃肉。
③I
wish
you
would
not
_____
when
I’m
speaking.
我在说话的时候，希望你不要插嘴。
④______
the
carrot
before
you
put
them
into
the
pot.
把胡萝卜切碎后再放进锅内。
cut
off
cut
out
cut
in
Cut
up
⑤(2013·陕西高考)My
uncle
hasn’t
been
able
to
quit
smoking,
but
at
least
he
has________
.
A.
cut
out
　
B.
cut
down
C.
cut
up
D.
cut
off
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
我叔叔一直没能把烟戒掉,
但是至少他吸烟少了。cut
out停止运转,
删去;
cut
down砍倒,
缩减;
cut
up切碎;
cut
off切断,
切除。根据句意,
应选B。
3.
be
caught
in
突然遭遇(风暴等)
“To
have
been
caught
in
a
sandstorm
was
a
terrible
experience,
”
he
said.
“遭遇沙尘暴真是一个可怕的经历，”他说。
He
was
caught
in
a
traffic
jam
this
morning.
今天上午他遇上了堵车。
【归纳拓展】
be/get
caught
up
in
热衷于……，着迷于……；牵连，卷入
catch
sb.
doing
sth.
发现/撞见某人正在做某事
be
caught
doing
sth.
被撞见做某事
He
looked
around
and
caught
a
man
putting
his
hand
into
the
pocket
of
a
passenger.
他环顾四周，发现一个男人正把手伸进一个乘客的口袋。
The
boys
were
caught
fishing
out
of
season.
这群男孩在禁捕季节捕鱼被人抓住了。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①He
always
_______________his
own
work.
他总是埋头于自己的工作。
②We
_____________the
thundershower
yesterday.
昨天我们遇到了雷阵雨。
③She
__________________in
the
exam.
她考试作弊被抓到了。
gets
caught
up
in
were
caught
in
was
caught
cheating
4.
strength
n.
力量，力气；意志力；长处
The
Chinese
Central
Weather
Station
can
forecast
a
sandstorm
some
weeks
before
it
arrives
in
Beijing,
but
the
strength
of
the
storm
sometimes
surprises
people.
沙尘暴在来到北京之前几周中央气象台就能预测到，但是它的强度有时让人非常吃惊。
I
have
hardly
enough
strength
left
to
move
my
feet.
我连移动双脚的力气都几乎没有了。
【归纳拓展】
(1)have
the
strength
to
do
有做……的力气/意志力
build
up
one’s
strength
增强体力
with
all
one’s
strength
尽全力
(2)strengthen
v.
加强
strong
adj.
强壮的
A
famous
player
must
build
up
his
strength.
一个著名的运动员必须增强他的力量。
【易混辨析】
strength
强调“体力,
力量,
力气”
force
指武力,
暴力。表示“力量”时,
指人或事物撞击时所用的力,
其复数形式常指“兵力,
军队”
power
指“能力,
权力”,
着重指行动所根据的能力(本领)或职权
energy
主要指人的精力、活力,
也指自然界的能量
【思维延伸】(1)strength表示“优势”时,
其反义词是weakness,
均常用其复数形式。
(2)strength的动词是在其后加后缀-en,
即strengthen。我们已学过的加后缀-en的词有shorten,
widen,
deepen,
lengthen等。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①You
must
____________________
after
your
recovery.
你在病愈后必须要增强体力。
②I
don’t
_______________
to
do
that
again.
我已经没有力气再那样做了。
build
up
your
strength
have
the
strength
③(2012·福建高考)—Why
do
you
choose
to
work
in
an
international
travel
agency
—Well,
you
know,
English
is
my________
.
So
it
is
my
best
choice.
A.
strength　　　B.
talent　　　C.
ability　　　D.
skill
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
——你为什么选择在国际旅行社工作 ——噢,
你知道,
英语是我的强项。因此这是我最好的选择。A项strength长处;
B项talent才华,
天赋;
C项ability能力;
D项skill技能。故选A。
5.
Sandstorms
in
China
appear
to
have
increased
in
recent
years
as
a
result
of“desertification”.
近些年来沙漠化导致的沙尘暴在中国似乎有所增加。
【句式分析】
　　本句中appear
to
have
done为不定式的完成式,
表示一个更早的动作,
发生在主要动词所表示的动作之前。其中appear意为“似乎,
好像”。
He
appeared
to
have
caught
a
cold.
他似乎得了感冒。
They
appear
to
have
misunderstood
me.
他们似乎误解了我。
【名师点津】
表示“似乎，好像”时，seem和appear一样，也可以用于上述结构。
I
seem
to
have
lost
my
car
keys.
我好像把汽车钥匙给弄丢了。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①She
____________________an
athlete.
她看起来当过运动员。
②______________
that
you
are
all
mistaken.
我觉得你们全搞错了。
appeared
to
have
been
It
appears
to
me
③I’d
rather
read
than
watch
television;
the
programs
appear________
all
the
time.
A.
to
get
worse
B.
to
be
getting
worse
C.
to
have
got
worse
D.
getting
worse
【解析】选B。句意:
我宁愿看书也不愿看电视,
电视节目好像越来越差了。动词appear后应接不定式作宾语;
词组all
the
time的意思是“始终、一直”,
相当于continuously,
因此句中相应的动词要用进行时。
6.
The
storms
sometimes
continue
all
day
and
traffic
moves
very
slowly
because
the
thick
dust
makes
it
difficult
to
see.
暴风有时会持续一整天,
车辆开得很慢,
因为浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。
【句式分析】
(1)这是一个并列复合句，and连接两个并列分句，because引导一个原因状语从句。
(2)句中makes
it
difficult
to
see中的make是使役动词，意为“使(某人或某物处于某种状态)”，其中it为形式宾语，difficult为宾语补足语，不定式短语to
see为真正的宾语。make常用结构为：make
it
＋adj.
/
n．(for
sb.
)
to
do.
.
.
。
The
heavy
snow
made
it
impossible
for
them
to
get
there
on
time.
这场大雪使得他们不可能按时到达那儿。
He
makes
it
a
rule
to
recite
a
poem
every
morning.
他把每天早晨背诵一首诗作为一个习惯。
【名师点津】
(1)作形式宾语的词只能使用代词it。
(2)it作形式宾语时，后面的宾语补足语除了形容词外还可以使用名词。
I
make
it
my
duty
to
help
others
with
their
English.
我把帮助别人学习英语当作我的职责。
【归纳拓展】
it作形式宾语的情况还用在下面句式中：feel/think/believe/find/consider+it＋adj.
/n.
＋(for
sb.
)
to
do
/
that.
.
.
【即学活用】完成句子。
①Tom’s
illness
made
________________________
the
work
on
time.
汤姆病了,
使得我们不可能按时完成这项工作。
②The
heavy
rain
________________________________________
survivors
in
a
passenger
ship
which
sunk
in
Yangtze
River
on
June
1.
大雨使得救援队伍挽救在6月1日沉在长江的客轮中的幸存者更加困难。
it
impossible
for
us
to
finish
made
it
more
difficult
for
rescue
teams
to
save
③(2015·资阳高一检测)We
have
made________
clear
that
we
are
strongly
against
smoking
in
the
office.
A.
this
B.
that
C.
it
D.
one
【解析】选C。考查it作形式宾语。句意:
我们已经明确了我们强烈反对在办公室吸烟(的态度)。在“make
it+adj.
+that从句”中,
that引导的是宾语从句,
it是形式宾语,
故选C项。
④The
chairman
thought　　　necessary
to
invite
Professor
Smith
to
speak
at
the
meeting.
A.
that
B.
it
C.
this
D.
him
【解析】选B。考查代词。句意:
主席认为邀请史密斯教授在会上演讲是必要的。根据句意和句子结构可知,
此处it作形式宾语,
真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。
【要点拾遗】
1.
mass
adj.
大量的；大规模的
In
China,
a
mass
campaign
has
been
started
to
help
solve
it.
中国开展了一场大规模的运动以助于解决这个问题。
Their
latest
product
is
aimed
at
the
mass
market.
他们的最新产品瞄准了大众市场。
【归纳拓展】
masses
of/a
mass
of
大量；许多
the
mass
of
大多数；大部分
the
masses
群众；平民
There
were
masses
of
dark
clouds
in
the
sky.
天上有很多乌云。
We
must
believe
in
and
rely
on
the
masses.
我们必须相信和依靠群众。
【名师点津】
a
mass
of/masses
of后可跟可数名词复数或不可数名词，且谓语动词与该名词的数保持一致。
【思维延伸】表示“许多”的短语
【即学活用】完成句子。
①After
harvest
we
will
have
____________.
秋收后,
我们将获得大量稻谷。
②We
must
keep
in
close
contact
with
__________.
我们必须密切联系群众。
③We
are
going
to
begin
_______________
against
the
pollution
of
the
environment.
我们准备开展一场大规模的反对污染环境的运动。
a
mass
of
rice
the
masses
a
mass
campaign
④The
young
dancers
looked
so
charming
in
their
beautiful
clothes
that
we
took　　　pictures
of
them.
A.
many
of
B.
masses
of
C.
the
number
of
D.
a
large
amount
of
【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意:
那些年轻的舞者穿着漂亮的衣服,
看上去那么迷人,
我们给她们拍了许多照片。many修饰可数名词复数时不用of,
故A不可选。number用来表示“大量、很多”时,
应为a
number
of,
故C不可选。a
large
amount
of用来修饰不可数名词,
故D也不可选。B项masses
of后可跟可数名词复数。
2.
prevent
vt.
阻止，防止
To
prevent
it
coming
nearer,
the
government
is
planting
trees.
为了防止沙漠的逼近，政府正在植树。
Nobody
can
prevent
him
from
running
the
risk.
没有人能够阻止他去冒险。
【归纳拓展】
stop
sb.
(from)
doing
sth.
keep
sb.
from
doing
sth.
Why
not
stop
them
(from)
polluting
the
river
为什么不阻止他们污染这条河呢？
阻止某人做某事
【名师点津】
　　主动句中prevent/stop.
.
.
from.
.
.
中的
from
可省略，在被动句中from
不可省略，而keep.
.
.
from中的from无论在主动句还是被动句中都不能省略。
The
heavy
rain
prevented/stopped
us(from)
going
out.
＝We
were
prevented/stopped/kept
from
going
out
by
the
heavy
rain.
大雨使我们不能出去。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①Nothing
can
_____________________________.
什么都不能阻止他离开。
②Nothing
can
_________________________________________.
什么也无法阻挡我们去实施这个计划。
③Nothing
can
_____________________________________
smoothly.
什么也不能阻止救援工作的顺利进行。
prevent/keep/stop
him
from
going
prevent/keep/stop
us
from
carrying
out
the
plan
prevent
rescue
operation
from
progressing
3.
They
are
often
so
thick
that
you
cannot
see
the
sun，and
the
wind
is
sometimes
strong
enough
to
move
sand
dunes.
它们常常很浓密，以致遮住了太阳，有时风力大得足以移动沙丘。
【句式分析】
(1)本句中的so.
.
.
that.
.
.
意为“如此……以致……”。so是副词，修饰形容词或副词；that引导结果状语从句。
He
got
up
so
early
that
he
was
the
first
to
get
to
school.
他起床很早，结果第一个到达学校。
There
were
so
many
people
there
that
I
wasn’t
able
to
pick
her
out.
那儿有很多人，以致我没能认出她来。
The
temperature
in
India
is
so
high
that
many
people
die
from
the
heat
wave.
印度气温如此高以至于许多人被热死了。
【归纳拓展】
(1)so＋adj.
/adv.
＋that
从句
so＋adj.
＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋that从句
so＋many/few/much/little＋可数名词复数或不可数名词＋that从句
(2)such＋a/an＋adj.
＋可数名词单数＋that从句
such＋adj.
＋不可数名词＋that从句
such＋adj.
＋可数名词复数＋that
从句
【名师点津】
①so和such放到句首时，主句要部分倒装。
②当little
表示“小”而不表示“少”时，必须用such，如such
a
little
boy/such
little
boys；而当little
表示“少”而不表示“小”时，用so,
如so
little
water。
So
excited
was
he
that
he
could
not
speak.
他如此兴奋，以致说不出话来。
(2)句中的strong
enough
to
move
sand
dunes
属于“adj.
/adv.
＋enough＋to
do”结构。此处enough作副词，位于形容词或副词之后，enough作形容词修饰名词时，放在名词前后均可，构成“enough＋n.
＋to
do”或“n.
＋enough＋to
do”。
She’s
old
enough
to
have
the
freedom
to
do
as
she
likes.
她足够大了，有自由做她喜欢做的事。
Would
you
be
kind
enough
to
do
it
for
me
劳驾你帮我做这件事好吗？
【即学活用】完成句子。
①Do
you
_______________________the
paper
你有足够的时间写完论文吗
②He
ran
__________________the
thief.
他跑得很快,
足以抓住那小偷。
③He
has
________________
his
life
is
lonely.
他的朋友很少以致他的生活非常孤单。
have
enough
time
to
finish
fast
enough
to
catch
so
few
friends
that
4.
It
was
the
most
frightening
and
the
most
dangerous
situation
I’ve
ever
been
in.
那是我所遇到的最可怕、最危险的情况。
【句式分析】
(1)本句是一个复合句,
其中I’ve
ever
been
in是限制性定语从句,
修饰situation。此定语从句中省略了关系代词that。
(2)当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,
常用关系代词that。
I
think
that
was
the
most
violent
sandstorm
(that)
I
had
experienced
in
my
life.
我认为那是我一生中经历过的最为猛烈的沙尘暴。
This
is
the
most
interesting
book
that
I
have
ever
read.
这是我读过的最有趣的书。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①那是我们开展过的最大规模的向污染宣战的群众运动。
That
was
the
largest
mass
campaign
______________
against
pollution.
②我认为沙漠化是人类遭遇的最为可怕的灾难。
I
think
desertification
is
the
most
frightening
disaster
__________
_________________.
that
we
had
had
that
human
beings
have
been
in
③He
got
himself
into
a
difficult
situation________
he
must
make
a
final
decision
all
by
himself.
A.
which　　　B.
what　　　C.
when　　　D.
where
【解析】选D。句意:
他让自己陷入了一个艰难的处境,
在这种情形下他必须完全靠自己做出最终决定。从结构可知situation后是定语从句,
从句句意完整,
应该用关系副词引导从句,
而situation是抽象地点名词,
所以用where引导。故选D项。(共29张PPT)
Module
4
Sandstorms
in
Asia
Introduction
&
Reading
and
Vocabulary
(Ⅰ)
1.
Learn
some
new
words
and
phrases.
2.
Learn
to
get
useful
information
from
the
passage.
Learning
aims
How
beautiful
it
is!
Leading
-
in
What
are
they
doing
Cut
down
trees
Dig
up
grass
What
happened
one
day
Desertification
They
are
starting
a
_________
(运动)
against
smoking.
2.
Do
you
know
the
chemical
________
(过程)
involved
in
the
change
3.
The
weatherman
has
_______
(预报)
that
it
will
be
fine
tomorrow.
4.
We
are
trying
our
best
to
fight
against
all
kinds
of
________(污染).
campaign
process
forecast
pollution
Word
Challenge
atmosphere
evidence
concerned
environment
5.
She
tried
hard
to
provide
a
proper
____________
(环境)
for
her
child.
6.
The
meeting
went
on
in
a
good
__________
(气氛).
7.
We
have
enough
_______
(证据)
to
give
him.
8.
Your
mother
is
really
_________
(关心)
about
you.
9.
She
took
a
knife
along
with
her
for
her
own
__________(保护).
10.
He
___________
(抱怨)
that
the
office
was
not
businesslike.
protection
complained
Pre-reading
Look
at
the
photos.
Answer
the
questions.
1.What
is
happening
2.What
are
the
cyclists
wearing
and
why
3.What
do
you
think
happens
to
traffic
in
this
situation
And
why

4.What
do
you
think
experts
advise
people
to
do
in
this
situation
Answers:
1.There
is
a
sandstorm
blowing.
2.They’re
wearing
hoods,
masks
and
glasses
to
protect
themselves.
3.It
moves
very
slowly.
Because
it
is
not
clear
to
see
everything
on
the
road
and
people
must
take
great
care.
4.
Stay
at
home.
Para.1
a.
the
description
of
sandstorms
Para.2
b.
the
causes
of
sandstorms
Para.3
c.
a
major
disaster
in
Asia
Para.4
d.
the
effects
of
sandstorms
Para.5
e.
the
government’s
measures
Para.6
f.
the
forecast
and
suggestions
Read
the
passage
quickly
and
match
the
main
idea
of
each
paragraph.
Fast
reading
Sandstorms
in
Asia
1.
What
is
a
sandstorm
Sandstorms
are
strong,
dry
winds
that
carry
sand.
Read
the
first
three
paragraphs,
and
then
answer
the
questions.
Careful
reading
2.
What
are
the
four
main
places
where
there
are
sandstorms
Central
Asia,
North
America,
Central
Africa,
Australia.
B
C
D
A
Central
Asia
North
America
Central
Africa
Australia
3.
Which
place
of
China
is
part
of
the
sandstorm
centre
Northwest
China.
Xinjiang
Inner
Mongolia
Gansu
4.
Where
is
Ren
Jianbo
from
Inner
Mongolia.
5.
What
does
he
think
of
the
sandstorm
he
has
experienced
Terrible,
frightening,
dangerous.
Climate
changes,
people’s
cutting
down
trees
and
digging
up
grass.
How
about
sandstorms
in
China
in
recent
years
7.
What
caused
the
desertification
Sandstorms
in
China
appear
to
have
increased
in
recent
years
as
a
result
of
“desertification”.
沙漠化
Reading
(Paras.4～6)
Beijing
1.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
RIGHT
A.
The
dust
is
usually
orange
in
the
sandstorms.
B.
The
strong
wind
makes
traffic
move
quickly.
C.
A
sandstorm
can
be
forecast
early.
D.
People
needn’t
wear
a
mask
at
all.
I.
Choose
the
correct
answers.
2.
From
the
last
paragraph,
we
know
____
A.
the
government
is
taking
measures
to
prevent
sandstorms.
B. the
distance
between
the
desert
and
the
center
of
Beijing
is
only
250
kilometres.
C.
30
million
trees
have
been
planted
in
Beijing
.
D.
the
government
won’t
plant
any
trees
in
the
future.
the
thick
dust
makes
it
difficult
to
see
prevent
the
desert
coming
nearer
II.
Complete
the
sentences
according
to
the
passage.
1.
In
the
sandstorms
traffic
moves
very
slowly
because
___________________________________.
2.
The
government
is
planting
trees
in
the
west
of
Beijing
to
_________________________________.
Ⅲ.
Can
you
guess
the
meaning
of
the
underlined
word
It’s
difficult
to
breathe
and
the
dust
makes
me
___.
A.
unhealthy
B.
uncomfortable
C.
unlucky
D.
harmful
ill
2.
Which
sentence
in
Para.
5
can
be
replaced
by
the
following
one
People
should
not
leave
home
during
the
sandstorm,
which
is
weather
experts’
advice.
When
a
sandstorm
arrives
in
the
city,
weather
experts
advise
people
not
to
go
out.
Sandstorms
have
been
a
major
_______
for
many
Asian
countries
and
scientists
have
tried
many
ways
to
_____
this
problem.
Sandstorms
are
strong,
dry
winds
that
_____
sand.
They
often
happen
in
four
main
places
in
the
world.
And
as
a
_____
of
“desertification”,
sandstorms
in
China
______
to
have
________
in
recent
years.
Sandstorms
sometimes
_____
Beijing
and
make
disaster
solve
carry
result
appear
increased
Fill
in
the
blanks.
affect
Post
reading
______
move
very
slowly.
To
reduce
sandstorms
and
to
_______
the
desert
_______
nearer,
the
Beijing
government
is
planting
more
and
more
trees.
coming
prevent
traffic
sandstorm
a
_____,
____
wind
with
much
______
an
______
sky
athick,
__________
dust
very
dirty
How
to
describe
a
sandstorm
brown-yellow
strong
dry
sand
orange
Class
exercises
Choose
your
title
and
make
up
a
dialogue
or
a
story.
A
B
Why…
C
The
Last
Green
追
We
must
love
and
protect
our
home
—the
earth,
to
make
it
less
hurt
by
natural
disasters
and
make
it
a
better
place
for
living.
Homework
Recite
the
words
in
this
text
and
then
retell
the
passage
after
class.
Let’s
cross
the
bridge
when
we
come
to
it.
船到桥头自然直。(共33张PPT)
M4
Sandstorms
in
Asia
Objectives
To
learn
about
sandstorms
in
Asia
To
learn
what
cause
the
sandstorm
To
learn
how
to
prevent
the
sandstorm
We’ve
learned
about
many
natural
disasters
in
Module
3.
Do
you
remember
them
earthquake
flood
tornado
lightning
Beautiful
landscapes!
But
one
day
something
happened.
How
horrible!
1.
What
happened
in
these
pictures
2.
How
about
the
sky
3.
Why
do
they
wear
masks
Discussion
The
sky
is
yellow
and
it
is
difficult
for
us
to
see
things
clearly
Huang
Xiaomei
,
who
lives
in
Beijing
says,
“To
be
cycling
in
a
sandstorm
is
frightening.
The
winds
are
very
strong.
It’s
difficult
to
breathe
and
the
dust
makes
me
ill.
So
if
you
want
to
go
out,
you’d
better
wear
a
mask.”
生活在北京的黄晓梅说，“在沙尘暴中骑自行车真可怕，风很大。呼吸起来很困难，并且沙尘使我感到不舒服。所以如果你想出去你最好戴上口罩。
How
frightening
(吓人的，可怕的)!
What
natural
disaster
is
it
It
is
a
sandstorm.
cycle/wear/mask
The
sand
almost
buries
the
house.
Look
at
the
picture
below.
Complete
the
sentences
using
the
correct
form
of
these
words.
There
has
been
a
_________.
It_____
______
for
ten
hours
and
was
very
__________.
The
wind
___________
the
sand
high
around
the
houses,
and
some
cars
were
almost
completely
______
by
the
sand.
sandstorm
lasted
frightening
was
blowing
buried
blow
bury
frightening
last
(v)
sandstorm
has
A
C
B
Inner
Mongolia
Gansu
Xinjiang
major
sandstorm
centers
in
China
Gansu
and
Western
Inner
Mongolia
Beijing
and
Northeast
Inner
Mongolia
Inner
Mongolia
sees
many
sandstorms
every
year.
It
is
far
away
from
the
sea,
so
it
is
an
inland（内地的）
region.
Causes:
1.
Cutting
down
too
many
trees.
2.
Desertification
(沙漠化).
3.
High
temperature
and
little
rain.
4.
Serious
air
and
water
pollution.
5.
The
growing
population
of
the
world.
6.
Improper
use
of
land…
In
your
opinion
what
caused
the
sandstorm
Discussion
Measures:
1.
We
should
plant
more
trees
and
grow
more
grass.
2.
Control
air
and
water
pollution.
3.
Build
green
fences
along
the
desert.
4.
Forecast
sandstorm’s
real
time
to
prevent
disaster.
5.
All
countries
should
join
hands
to
propose
a
plan
in
sandstorms
control
and
prevention.
What
should
we
do
to
prevent
sandstorm
The
day
before
yesterday
Yesterday
Today
Look
at
these
pictures.
Now
work
in
pairs.
Discuss
what
we
should
do
to
protect
our
environment.
Useful
words
and
expressions:
throw
the
rubbish
into
dustbins
(将垃圾扔进垃圾桶);
cut
down
trees(砍树);
pour
waste
water
into
…(把废水倒入……)
;
save
(节约);
plastic
bags
(塑料袋);
dig
up
grass
(破坏植被);
plant
more
trees;
recycle
useful
rubbish
(回收有用垃圾)
…
What
can
we
do
to
protect
our
environment
Plant
more
trees
and
grow
more
grass
Reduce
air
pollution,
live
a
low
carbon
dioxide
life
(低碳生活)
Put
different
garbage
into
different
bags
Recycle
useful
rubbish
Use
some
new
energy,
such
as
wind,
water
and
sun
Use
fewer
plastic
bags.
Take
the
bus
or
walk
instead
of
driving
cars.
Don’t
eat
too
much
meat.
Don’t
use
disposable
chopsticks.
Other
suggestions
on
protecting
our
environment:
For
example:
Good
morning,
everyone,
I’m
glad
to
stand
here
to
make
a
speech.
My
topic
is
how
to
protect
our
environment.
In
my
opinion,
firstly,
we
can
plant
more
trees…
Make
a
speech
Homework
Preview
the
part
of
Reading
and
Vocabulary.Module
4
Sandstorms
in
Asia
Period
3
Grammar
课堂10分钟达标
Ⅰ.
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.
George
returne
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
after
the
war,
only_____________
(tell)that
his
wife
had
left
him.
2.
He
told
us
whether
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____________
(have)a
picnic
was
still
under
discussion.
3.
The
children
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )all
turned_____________
(look
at)the
famous
actress
as
she
entered
the
classroom.
4.
His
first
b
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ook_____________
(publish)next
month
is
based
on
a
true
story.
5.
We
have
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )start
somewhere
if
we
want
to
learn
how_____________
(write)plays.
6.
There
were
ma
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ny
talented
actors
out
there
just
waiting_____________
(discover).
7.
It
is
right_____________
(give)up
smoking
at
any
time
for
anyone.
答案：1.
to
be
told
2.
to
have
3.
to
look
at
4.
to
be
published
5.
to
write
6.
to
be
discovered
7.
to
give
Ⅱ.
单句改错
1.
I
have
a
lot
of
rea
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dings
complete
before
the
end
of
this
term.
　(
)
2.
If
you
watch
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
carefully
the
process
of
the
experiment
you
will
see
what
to
do
it
by
yourself.
　
(
)
【补偿训练】
I
hav
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
thought
over
your
suggestion,
but
I
still
haven’t
decided
how
to
do.
　
(
)
3.
The
purpo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se
of
new
technologies
is
to
make
life
easier,
not
make
it
more
difficult.
　
(
)
4.
He
couldn’t
go
to
E
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ngland
for
further
education.
He
regretted
miss
such
a
good
chance.
　
(
)
5.
She
was
ask
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed
not
make
so
much
noise
because
her
little
brother
was
sleeping.
　
(
)
6.
Travellin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g
can
broaden
our
view
and
it
can
make
us
feeling
relaxed
after
a
long
period
of
studying.
　
(
)
7.
They
preten
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ded
to
reading
when
the
teacher
came
in.
　
(
)
8.
—How
did
you
spend
your
weekend,
Joe
—I
didn’t
find
any
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )thing
interesting
for
me
but
do
some
washing
instead
of
my
mother.
　
(
)
9.
After
the
meetin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g,
we
went
to
the
supermarket
to
do
some
shopping,
only
find
that
it
was
being
decorated.
　
(
)
10.
The
work
needs
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ompleted
by
the
end
of
the
week.
　
(
)
答案：1.
complete前加to
2.
what→how
【补偿训练】
I
how→what或do后加it
3.在not后加to
4.
miss→missing
5.
not后加to
6.
feeling→feel
7.
to后加be
8.
but后加to
9.
only后加to
10.
completed→completing
Ⅲ.
语法填空
阅读下面材料,
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Having
lost
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )my
job,
I
was
feeling
a
little
blue.
While
walking
on
the
street
one
day,
I
heard
piano
music
and
a
song1.
_______
(rise)above
the
noise
of
people.
I
walked
up
to
find
out2.
_______it
came
from.
Then
I
saw
a
young
lady
sitting
at
a
piano.
She
was
singing
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ongs
about
love,
having3.
_______
(confident)in
herself
and
keeping
on
trying,
4.
_______made
me
a
little
comfortable.
I
stood
there
5.
_______
(quiet),
watching
her
playing
in
such
a
crowded
New
York
square.
I
thought
she
must
be
brave
enough
6.
_______
(perform)before
so
many
people.
I
walked
over
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
and
told
her
how
good
her
music
sounded.
“I’ve
been
going
through
a
hard
time
recently,
but
you’ve
made
me7.
_______
(hope)again.
”I
said
to
her.
“Thank
you,
”She
said,
“I’m
glad
that
I
can
help.
I’ve
seen
lots
of
unhappy
people
around
and
I
wish
to
cheer8.
_______
(they)up
by
playing
music.
”“You
should
smile
more
and
lift
your
head
up.
”She
added,
“Chances
come
in
different
9.
_______
(way)and
if
your
head
is
down,
you
might
not
see
them.
”
I
smiled
at
he
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r,
realizing
that
no
difficulties
could
keep
me10.
_______going
on.
答案：1.
rising
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2.
where
3.
confidence
4.
which
5.
quietly
6.
to
perform
7.
hopeful
8.
them
9.
ways
10.
from
完成句子
1.
Premier
Li
K
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eqiang
said
it
was
an“important
task”
________
________
________for
all
the
university
graduates.
李克强总理说帮助所有高校毕业生找到工作是一项“重要任务”。
2.
The50th
annive
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rsary
of
the
August1963march
in
Washington
is
a
moment________
________
how
close
the
U.
S.
has
come
to
Martin
Luther
King
Jr.
‘s
dream.
1963年8月华盛顿大游行的50周年纪念日给人们提供了一个契机,
思考美国距离马丁·路德·金的梦想已经有多近。
【知识拓展】
　　名词moment,
decision
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
wish,
chance,
attempt,
ability,
plan,
promise,
warning等常可用不定式作后置定语。例如:
I
don’t
trust
his
promise
to
come
for
a
visit.
我不相信他来访的诺言。
He
said
he
had
no
plans
to
go
there.
他说他没有要去那里的计划。
3.
—It’s
no
use
having
ideas
only.
—Don’t
worry.
Peter
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )can
show
you________
________
________
an
idea
into
an
act.
——光有主意没用。
——不用担心,
彼得可以教你怎样把主意变为行动。
4.
Some200people
were
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reported________
________
________
________
in
the
earthquake.
据报道,
大约有200人在地震中死亡。
5.
If
he
takes
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
on
the
work,
he
will
have
no
choice
but________
________
an
even
greater
challenge.
如果他承担这项工作,
他将别无选择只有面对更大的挑战。
6.
Though
he
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
had
often
made
his
little
sister________
,
today
he
was
made________
________
by
his
little
sister.
尽管他经常把他妹妹惹哭,
但是今天他被他妹妹惹哭了。
7.
Your
job
is________
________
________
.
你的工作是刷盘子。
8.
________
________
________
________
________
is
necessary
for
a
college
student.
掌握一门外语对大学生来说很有必要。
9.
The
teache
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r
told
his
students________
________
________
________
their
pronunciation.
老师让学生注意他们的发音。
10.
Some
scie
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntists
went
to
Germany________
________
a
medical
conference.
一些科学家去德国参加医学大会。
答案：1.
to
find
jobs
2.
to
consider
3.
how
to
turn
4.
to
have
been
killed
5.
to
meet
6.
cry;
to
cry
7.
to
wash
dishes
8.
To
master
a
foreign
language
9.
to
pay
attention
to
10.
to
attend(共100张PPT)
Module
4　Sandstorms
in
Asia
Period
2　Reading
and
Vocabulary
要点讲解课
Ⅰ.
根据词性和汉语写出单词
1.
__________　
n.
沙尘暴
2.
______
adj.
内地的;
内陆的
3.
_________
n.
战役;
活动
4.
_______
n.
进程;
过程
5.
_______
vt.
预报;
预告
6.
_____
n.
面罩
sandstorm
inland
campaign
process
forecast
mask
Ⅱ.
根据词性和汉语写出单词,
并注意拓展词汇
1.
__________adj.
吓人的;
可怕的→fright
n.
恐怖;
可
怕的东西→frighten
v.
(使)惊恐;
(使)害怕→frightened
adj.
受惊的;
害怕的
2.
_____adj.
大量的;
大规模的n.
团,
块,
堆;
大量,
众多
→massive
adj.
大规模的
frightening
mass
3.
_____________n.
(土地的)沙漠化→desert
n.
沙漠v.
抛弃;
放弃
4.
______n.
公民;
市民→city
n.
城市
5.
____n.
沙尘;
灰尘→dusty
adj.
满是灰尘的;
枯燥的
desertification
citizen
dust
6.
________n.
力量;
力气→strengthen
v.
加强;
巩固
→strong
adj.
坚强的;
强壮的→strongly
adv.
坚强地
7.
_____vi.
骑自行车→cyclist
n.
骑自行车/摩托车的人
8.
______adj.
主要的;
多数的
v.
主修→majority
n.
大多
数
strength
cycle
major
词
汇
微
空
间
v.
+-ing→adj.
excite
v.
(使)激动→exciting
adj.
令人激动的
move
v.
(使)感动→moving
adj.
令人感动的
interest
v.
(使)感兴趣→interesting
adj.
令人感兴趣的
disappoint
v.
(使)失望→disappointing
adj.
令人失望的
Ⅲ.
补全下列短语
1.
cut
_____　　　　　
砍倒
2.
as
a
_____of
由于
3.
dig
___
挖掘
4.
wake
up
__
清楚地意识到
5.
__this
situation
在这种情况下
down
result
up
to
in
6.
be
caught
__
突然遭遇(风暴等)
7.
prevent.
.
.
(from)
_____sth.
阻止……做某事
8.
one
_____another
一个接一个地
9.
__a
particular
time
在一个特定的时间
10.
advise
sb.
__
___sth.
建议某人做某事
in
doing
after
at
to
do
1.
frightening
adj.
吓人的;
可怕的
※It
is
frightening
to
most
children
to
waken
and
find
a
stranger.
对多数小孩来说,
醒来发现一个陌生人是很可怕的。
※Don’t
shout
or
you’ll
frighten
the
baby.
别那么大声,
会吓着孩子的。
※They
frightened
him
into
telling
them
the
secret.
他们恐吓他以使他说出秘密。
※Most
children
are
frightened
by
the
sight
of
blood.
大多数孩子见到血就害怕。
※He
was
frightened
at
the
thought
of
his
coming
exam.
他一想到即将到来的考试就惊恐。
【自我归纳】
①frightening和frightened都是形容词,
前者意思是
“可怕的”,
后者意思是“______________”。
②_______　　　　　　vt.
(使)惊恐;
(使)害怕
害怕的;
受惊的
frighten
③_______________________________
吓得某人做/不做某事
④_______________
被……吓坏(吓一跳)
⑤_________________
对……感到惊恐
frighten
sb.
into/out
of
doing
sth.
be
frightened
by
be
frightened
at.
.
.
【活学活用】
1.
用frighten的适当形式填空。
①__________children
were
calling
for
their
mothers.
②Going
to
hospital
can
be
very
__________for
a
child.
③It
________me
every
time
I
have
to
walk
home
late
in
the
dark.
Frightened
frightening
frightens
④这个小孩被恶狗吓坏了。
The
little
baby
___
_________
___the
fierce
dog.
⑤突然停车有时会是很可怕的经历,
尤其是你高速行进
的时候。
(2016·浙江高考)A
sudden
stop
can
be
a
very
__________experience,
especially
if
you
are
travelling
at
high
speed.
was
frightened
by
frightening
2.
mass
adj.
大量的;
大规模的
※These
instruments
have
already
gone
into
mass
production.
这些仪器已经大规模投入生产。
※(2015·北京高考)He
gathered
a
huge
mass
of
snow
and
dug
out
a
hole
in
the
middle.
他堆了一大堆雪,
并在中间挖了个洞。
※I
have
masses
of
work
to
do.
我有大量工作要做。
※The
masses
have
boundless
creative
power.
群众有无限的创造力。
※They
massed
well-equipped
troops
on
the
frontier.
他们在边境上集结了装备精良的军队。
【自我归纳】
①mass除了作形容词,
表示“大量的;
大规模的”外,
还作名词,
表示“___________________”,
作动词,
表示
“__________”等意思。
②_________________大量的,
修饰可数名词或不可数
名词(修饰名词作主语时,
谓语动词的数由mass或
masses决定)。
③__________群众(指民众时多用复数形式)。
团,
块,
堆;
大量,
许多
集结;
聚集
a
mass
of/masses
of
the
masses
【巧学助记】情景记忆各种mass
【活学活用】
2.
①他的书桌上有大堆的书籍和文件。
On
his
desk
is
_
____
__books
and
papers.
②看,
乌云密布,
一场雷阵雨即将到来。
Look,
dark
clouds
_______
and
a
thunderstorm
is
round
the
corner.
a
mass
of
massed
③他对群众的关怀给我们留下深刻的印象。
His
concern
for
___
_______made
an
deep
impression
on
us.
the
masses
单句语法填空。
④(2016·泗水高一检测)There
___(be)masses
of
students
in
the
classroom
and
they’re
waiting
for
Professor
Li.
⑤(2016·莱芜高一检测)There
__(be)a
mass
of
people
in
the
cafeteria
today.
are
is
3.
cut
down砍倒
cut
down除表示“砍倒”外,
还有“改小,
减少”等意
思。
①He
cut
down
the
tree
and
cut
it
up
for
firewood.
他把树_____,
并把它劈成烧火用的小块。
②She
is
cutting
down
her
dress
for
her
younger
sister.
她正把自己的衣服_____,
准备给妹妹穿。
砍倒
改小
③(2014·北京高考)If
you
want
to
cut
down
on
your
spending,
a
good
goal
would
be
making
morning
coffee
at
home
instead
of
going
to
a
cafe.
如果你想_____开支,
早晨在家煮咖啡,
而不去咖啡馆是
个好目标。
减少
【知识延伸】
cut
in插嘴,
打断
cut
off切断,
阻断
cut
out剪下,
删除
cut
through抄近路通过
cut
up切碎
【活学活用】
3.
用适当的介、副词填空。
①Do
not
cut
_____
the
tree
that
gives
you
shade.
②He
cut
_______a
forest
to
get
home.
down
through
③(2016·浙江高考)When
their
children
lived
far
away
from
them,
these
old
people
felt
cut
___from
the
world.
④He
showed
me
the
pictures
he
had
cut
___from
the
magazine.
⑤Don’t
try
to
cut
__while
others
are
talking.
off
out
in
4.
be
caught
in突然遭遇(风暴等)
※I
am
afraid
that
we’ll
be
caught
in
a
traffic
jam.
我担
心我们会遇到交通堵塞。
※(2013·辽宁高考)In
our
home
office
anyone
caught
doing
something
ungreen
might
be
punished.
在我们总
公司任何人被发现做有害环境的事都可能会受惩罚。
(catch
sb.
doing
sth.
意为:
_________________________
_______)
发现或撞见、逮住某人正在
做某事
【知识延伸】
catch
up
with
sb.
赶上某人　　
catch
fire着火
catch
sight
of看到
catch
hold
of抓住
catch
a
cold/fever患感冒(发烧)
catch
one’s
eyes吸引某人的注意力
【活学活用】
4.
①我们的车被困在雪里五个小时。
Our
car
___
______
__the
snow
for
five
hours.
②我突然在人群中看见了她。
I
suddenly
______
____
__her
in
the
crowd.
③要想赶上其他同学,
我得特别努力才行。
I
have
to
work
hard
to
_____
__
_____the
other
students.
was
caught
in
caught
sight
of
catch
up
with
5.
They
are
often
so
thick
that
you
cannot
see
the
sun,
and
the
wind
is
sometimes
strong
enough
to
move
sand
dunes.
它们经常如此浑浊以至于人们连太阳都看不见,
而且风有时候刮得很大足可以移动沙丘。
【句型剖析】
(1)and连接两个并列分句,
so.
.
.
that在此引导一个结果状语从句。
常用句型:
①The
girl
is
__
______that
everyone
likes
her.
这个女孩如此可爱,
以至于大家都喜欢她。
②He
got
up
__
_____that
he
was
the
first
to
get
to
school.
他起床很早,
结果第一个到达学校。
③There
were
__
_____
_______there
that
I
wasn’t
able
to
pick
her
out.
那儿有很多人,
我没能认出她来。
so
lovely
so
early
so
many
people
④(2016·天津高考)Its
difficulties
appear
__
____
____,
however
hard
we
work,
we
fail
again
and
again.
它的困
难显得如此之大,
结果无论我们怎样努力做,
我们一次
又一次地失败。
⑤She
is
____
_
____
_______that
all
of
us
love
and
respect
her.
她是一位很好的老师,
我们都敬爱她。
so
great
that
such
a
good
teacher
(2)句中的strong
enough
to
move
sand
dunes属于“形
容词/副词+enough+to
do”结构,
此处enough作副词。
enough作形容词修饰名词时,
放在名词前后均可,
构成
“enough+名词+to
do”或“名词+enough+to
do”。
①He
didn’t
run
___
_______to
catch
the
train.
他跑得不够快,
没赶上火车。
fast
enough
②This
plastic
bag
is
not
___
_______to
hold
so
many
things.
这个塑料袋不够大,
装不下这么多东西。
③We
have
_______
____/____
_______to
read
the
reference
books.
我们有足够的时间来阅读这些参考书。
big
enough
enough
time
time
enough
【活学活用】
5.
①她非常诚实,
大家都信赖她。(一句多译)
a.
She
is
__
______
____
everybody
trusts
her.
b.
She
is
____
___
______
___that
everybody
trusts
her.
c.
She
is
__
______
__
___
that
everybody
trusts
her.
so
honest
that
such
an
honest
girl
so
honest
a
girl
②这些书非常有趣,
我想再读一遍。
They
are
____
_________
_____
____I
want
to
read
them
once
more.
③街上围观大火的人太多了,
消防队员无法靠近大楼。
There
were
__
_____
______in
the
street
watching
the
fire
that
firefighters
could
not
get
close
to
the
building.
such
interesting
books
that
so
many
people
④我已经足够大了,
有权去做我喜欢做的事。
I’m
old
______
__
_____the
freedom
to
do
as
I
like.
⑤他很明智,
在感到不舒服时,
便不开车。
He
was
wise
______
___
__
_____when
he
was
feeling
ill.
enough
to
have
enough
not
to
drive
单句改错。
⑥The
house
costs
such
much
money
that
I
won’t
be
able
to
buy
it.
________
⑦This
book
is
easy
enough
for
a
six-year-old
child
read.
__________
such→so
read前加to
【备选要点】
1.
campaign
n.
战役;
活动
※They
carried
on
an
air
campaign.
他们发起了一场空中战役。
※They
started
a
sales
campaign.
他们开展了促销活动。
【自我归纳】
①carry
on
a
campaign　
_________
②a
sales
campaign
_________
发起运动
促销活动
【易混辨析】
campaign
指为特定目的所做的一连串战斗,
可能由数次battle组成
war
指大规模的战争,
是战争的通称
battle
指一次会战或战斗
【活学活用】
1.
选词填空(campaign/war/battle)。
①His
grandfather
had
ever
fought
in
the
North
African
_________.
②He
had
his
leg
shot
off
in
a
_____.
③Britain
declared
____on
Germany
in1914.
④The
advertising
_________didn’t
have
much
effect
on
sales.
campaign
battle
war
campaign
⑤这是太平洋战役中的一次重要会战。
This
is
an
important
_____in
the
Pacific
_________.
⑥这个公司为了他们的新产品将发起一个销售活动。
The
company
is
going
to
launch
_
____
__________for
their
new
product.
battle
campaign
a
sales
campaign
2.
process
n.
进程;
过程
除了有以上含义外,
process还意为:
n.
步骤(流程);
工序;
vt.
加工;
处理。
品读下列句子,
写出该词在句中的含义。
①(2015·江苏高考)Many
wastes
produced
in
the
producing
process
are
harmful
as
well.
　(
)
过程
②We
will
process
your
orders
as
soon
as
possible.
　
(
)
③He
explained
the
process
of
building
a
boat.
　(
)
④Each
process
serves
different
needs.
　(
)
处理
工序
步骤
【知识延伸】
in
process　　　　　　　　　　
进行中
in
the
process
of
sth.
/
doing
sth.
在……的进行过程中
【活学活用】
2.
①重新获得健康是一个漫长、缓慢的过程。
Getting
fit
again
has
been
_
____
____
______.
②那辆车正在修理中。
The
car
is
__
__
_______
__repair.
a
long
slow
process
in
the
process
of
③他刚完成一部书,
另一部正在写作中。
He
has
just
finished
one
book
and
has
another
__
_______.
④Supermarkets
sell
many
vegetables
that
have
been
processed.
译:
_______________________________
in
process
超市出售许多已经加工过的蔬菜。
单句语法填空。
⑤(2016·天津高一检测)We
are
in
the
process
of
______
(sell)our
house.
selling
3.
forecast
vt.
预报;
预告
※Now
scientists
can
forecast
the
weather
accurately.
现在科学家们能准确地预报天气。
※(2013·山东高考)Forgetting
to
check
the
weather
forecast
before
heading
out
should
result
in
you
getting
wet.
出门前忘记看天气预报会使你淋得湿透。
※Cosgrave’s
forecast
turned
out
to
be
quite
wrong.
科斯格雷夫的预测最后证明是大错特错。
【自我归纳】
①forecast后可以跟名词或_____
②forecast
n.
_______________
③forecast的过去式和过去分词有两种形式,
即_______,
________或forecasted,
forecasted
从句
预报,
预测,
预料
forecast
forecast
【活学活用】
3.
①我们不能预测这场足球赛的结果。
We
_____
_______the
result
of
the
football
match.
②我们无法预测战争会持续多久。
We
cannot
_______
____
____the
war
will
last.
can’t
forecast
forecast
how
long
③It
is
hard
to
forecast.
You’d
better
pray
to
the
God
to
bless
you.
译:
______________________________
这很难说,
你最好祈求上帝保佑。
单句语法填空。
④(2016·泗水高一检测)Rain
__________________
(forecast)for
tonight,
but
it
would
be
fine
during
the
day.
is
forecast/forecasted
4.
major
adj.
较大的;
多数的;
主要的;
严重的
※The
major
part
of
the
town
was
ruined
by
the
earthquake.
这城镇的大部分已在这次地震中成为一片废墟。
※They
suffered
some
major
setbacks
during
the
fighting.
在这次战斗中,
他们遭到了严重挫折。
※(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Now
this
former
royal
palace
is
open
to
the
public
as
a
major
tourist
attraction.
现在这个前皇家宫殿作为一个主要的旅游胜地对公众开放。
※He
is
a
history
major.
(=His
major
is
history.
=History
is
his
major.
)
他是主修历史的学生。(=他的专业是历史。=历史是他的主修科目。)
※She
majored
in
maths
and
physics
at
university.
她在大学期间主修数学和物理。
【自我归纳】
major
n.
①_________;
主修某专业的学生
vi.
②_____(常与__连用)
主修科目
主修
in
【知识延伸】
the
majority
of　　
……的大多数(作主语时谓语动
词用复数形式)
be
in
a/the
majority
占大多数,
构成大部分
by/with
a
majority
of
以……多数
【活学活用】
4.
①我们来这里的主要目的之一是参观长城。
One
of
our
_____
_____of
coming
here
is
to
visit
the
Great
Wall.
用major的适当形式填空。
②My
_______
were
French
and
history
at
Stanford.
major
aims
majors
③He
________
in
chemistry
before
leaving
university.
④The
Democratic
________
is
composed
of
workers.
majored
majority
单句语法填空。
⑤(2016·日照高一检测)The
majority
of
doctors
______
(believe)smoking
is
harmful
to
health.
believe
5.
as
a
result
of作为……的结果;
由于
※(2015·安徽高考)We
are
not
becoming
people
with
poor
memories
as
a
result
of
the
Internet.
我们没有因为互联网而变成记忆力低下的人。
※(2015·陕西高考)As
a
result,
many
species
are
quickly
dying
out.
结果,
很多物种在迅速灭绝。
※Many
hair
problems
result
from
what
you
eat.
很多头发问题都是由饮食引起的。
※Fifty
percent
of
road
accidents
result
in
head
injuries.
50%的道路交通事故都会导致头部损伤。
【自我归纳】
①as
a
result　
_____
②__________
由……造成
③________
导致
结果
result
from
result
in
【活学活用】
5.
①久病使她的心脏受到轻微损伤。
Her
heart
was
slightly
damaged
__
_
_____
__her
long
illness.
②他的失败是由工作不够努力造成的。
His
failure
_______
_____not
working
hard
enough.
as
a
result
of
resulted
from
③结果,
店主不得不多加了点儿盐。
___
_
_____,
the
shopkeeper
had
to
add
a
little
more
salt.
④在这次交通事故中,
粗心驾驶导致了两名乘客死亡。
Careless
driving
_______
___the
death
of
two
passengers
in
this
traffic
accident.
As
a
result
resulted
in
6.
prevent.
.
.
(from)
doing
sth.
阻止……做某事
※To
prevent
it
coming
nearer,
the
government
is
planting
trees.
=To
stop
it
(from)
coming
nearer,
the
government
is
planting
trees.
=To
keep
it
from
coming
nearer,
the
government
is
planting
trees.
为阻止它(沙尘暴)逼得更近,
政府正在植树。
※The
government
has
done
much
to
protect
the
dam
against
the
possible
flood.
政府花费了很大精力以防大坝受可能的洪水的袭击。
【自我归纳】
①prevent.
.
.
(from)doing
sth.
_______________
②____.
.
.
(from)doing
sth.
阻止……做某事
③_____.
.
.
from
doing
sth.
阻止……做某事(from不
能省略)
④_______
sb.
from/against(doing)sth.
保护某人不受……伤害
阻止……做某事
stop
keep
protect
【活学活用】
6.
①这是防止这样的事再次发生的最好办法。
This
is
the
best
way
to
________________
such
a
thing
_____
happening
again.
②如果你有事耽搁不能来的话,
请告诉我一声好吗
If
you
are
________________
________will
you
let
me
know
stop/prevent/keep
from
prevented/stopped
coming,
单句语法填空。
③(2016·青岛高一检测)Something
must
be
done
to
protect
the
environment
from
_____________(pollute).
being
polluted
单句改错。
④They
have
taken
some
measures
to
prevent
the
tree
cut.
____________
⑤We
must
try
to
keep
the
river
being
polluted.
_____________
cut前加being
being前加from
7.
strength
n.
力量;
力气
除了有以上含义外,
strength还意为:
实力;
长处。
品读下列句子,
写出该词在句中的含义。
①The
strength
of
the
storm
sometimes
surprises
people.
　(
)
②The
great
strength
of
our
plan
lies
in
its
simplicity.
　
(
)
力量
长处
③We
can
win
the
football
match
in
the
end
by
strength.
　(
)
④That
man
has
surprising
strength
and
can
move
the
big
stone.
　(
)
实力
力气
【易混辨析】
energy
主要指人的精力,
物理能量
strength
用于指人时指力量,
用于物理指强度
power
主要指动力、功率、电力或权力
force
主要指武力、暴力或指感情的力量、军事力量
【活学活用】
7.
用strength,
energy,
power或force填空。
①The
solar
cell
can
turn
the
______of
sunlight
into
electric
energy.
②If
you
drop
something,
the
_____of
gravity
will
pull
it
to
the
floor.
③He
lifted
the
stone
with
all
his
________.
④He
has
lost
the
______of
walking.
energy
force
strength
power
⑤(2016·四川高考)Summer
makes
me
full
of
______
and
I
feel
I
have
the
________to
do
the
most
difficult
things
in
my
life.
energy
strength
8.
It
was
the
most
frightening
and
the
most
dangerous
situation
I’ve
ever
been
in.
那是我遭遇过的最可怕的、最危险的境况。
【句型剖析】
It
+be+序数词/最高级+名词+从句(一般用现在完成时
态或过去完成时态)。
①It
is
the
first
time
that
I
____
_______letters
in
English.
这是我第一次用英语写信。
have
written
②Shanghai
is
the
most
beautiful
city
that
I
____
_____
_____
to.
上海是我去过的最美丽的城市。
③It
was
one
of
the
most
frightening
films
I
___
_____by
the
end
of
last
year.
这是截止到去年年底我看过的最吓
人的电影之一。
have
ever
been
had
seen
【活学活用】
8.
①这是我所听过的最美妙的音乐会。
It
is
the
most
wonderful
concert
that
I
____
_______
__.
②这个男孩还是第一次同外国人说话。
It
is
the
first
time
that
the
boy
___
_______to
a
foreigner.
have
listened
to
has
spoken
单句语法填空。
③(2016·哈尔滨高一检测)It
was
the
third
time
that
he
_________(make)the
same
mistake.
had
made
9.
The
storms
sometimes
continue
all
day
and
traffic
moves
very
slowly
because
the
thick
dust
makes
it
difficult
to
see.
暴风有时会持续一整天,
并且由于浓浓的尘埃使能见度变低,
交通变得非常缓慢。
【句型剖析】
(1)这是一个并列复合句,
and连接两个并列分句,
because引导一个原因状语从句。
(2)句中的makes
it
difficult
to
see中的make是使役动词,
意为“使某人或某物处于某状态中”,
其中it为形式宾语,
difficult为宾语补足语,
不定式短语to
see为真正的宾语,
其结构为:
make
it
+adj.
/n.
(for
sb.
)to
do.
.
.
。
①The
heavy
snow
_____
_
__________for
them
to
get
there
on
time.
这场大雪使得他们不可能按时到达那儿。
②He
______
__
__
____
to
recite
a
poem
every
morning.
他把每天早晨背诵一首诗作为一项规定。
made
it
impossible
makes
it
a
rule
【知识延伸】
常用于该结构的动词还有:
feel,
think,
believe,
find,
consider等。构成:
feel/think/believe/find/consider+it+adj.
/n.
+(for
sb.
)to
do/
doing/that.
.
.
※I
don’t
think
it
possible
to
master
a
foreign
language
without
good
memory.
我认为没有好的记忆力,
掌握一门外语是不可能的。
※We
found
it
difficult
to
get
along
with
him.
我们发现与他相处很难。
【活学活用】
9.
①西方国家的人习惯在圣诞节时购买礼物给亲属和
朋友。
People
in
the
West
_____
__a
rule
__
____Christmas
presents
for
their
relatives
and
friends.
②医药方面的进步使人们更长寿成为了可能。
Progress
in
medicine
_____
_
________for
people
to
live
longer.
make
it
to
buy
made
it
possible
③市民们觉得骑自行车上班是减少污染的方法之一。
The
citizens
_____
__one
of
the
ways
of
reducing
pollution
__
_____to
work.
④我们觉得保护环境免遭污染是我们的责任。
We
feel
__
our
duty
__
_______environment
from
being
polluted.
think
it
to
cycle
it
to
protect
【课堂小结】
Ⅰ.
词汇串记
With
people’s
cutting
down
trees,
desertification
which
is
a
process
that
happens
when
land
becomes
desert,
has
been
threatening
us,
and
the
sandstorms
are
forecast
more
frequently
these
years,
especially
in
inland
China.
It’s
absolutely
frightening
and
scary
when
you
are
caught
in
a
sandstorm.
Citizens
have
to
cycle
with
all
their
strength
and
wear
a
mask
to
protect
themselves
from
dust.
In
a
word,
the
problem
of
pollution
is
becoming
more
and
more
serious,
so
a
mass
campaign
has
been
started
to
solve
it.
Ⅱ.
句式背诵
1.
He
was
so
clever
that
he
was
able
to
work
out
all
the
difficult
questions.
他是如此聪明,
以至于能够解出所有难题。
2.
Don’t
you
think
my
arm
is
strong
enough
to
carry
a
shopping
basket
难道你不觉得我的胳膊足够强壮,
可以提动购物篮吗
3.
It
was
the
best
tea
that
I
had
ever
drunk.
这是我喝过的最好的茶了。
4.
Spaceship
make
it
possible
to
travel
to
the
moon.
宇宙飞船使去月球旅行成为可能。Module
4
Sandstorms
in
Asia
Period
3
Grammar
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
Most
of
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sandstorms
that
had
swept
China
last
year
came
from
foreign
land,
a
Chinese
official
in
charge
of
desertification
control
said
on
Monday.
And
the
invasions(入侵)could
partly
explain
the
frequent
sandstorms
in
the
country
in
recent
years
despite
its
achievements
in
desertification
control.
Since
the
start
of
l
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ast
spring,
the
northern
and
northwestern
Chinese
regions
had
been
hit
by
17
sandstorms,
of
which,
a
dozen
came
from
foreign
land.
Situated
in
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
central-Asia
sandstorm
region,
one
of
the
world’s
four
largest
sandstorm
sources,
China
also
suffers
from
sandstorms
from
outside
the
country
while
being
blamed
as
a
sand
source
to
northeast
Asia.
The
other
three
major
sources
are
in
Africa,
North
America
and
Australia.
The
land
sufferi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng
from
desertification
has
been
decreasing
by
7,
585
square
kilometres
annually
in
China,
and
the
area
of
sandy
land
has
also
been
falling
by
1,
284
square
kilometres
a
year.
The
shrinkag
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e(收缩)forms
a
clear
contrast
to
the
fact
that
the
land
suffering
from
desertification
and
sandy
feature
was
added
by
10,
400
square
kilometres
and
3,
436
square
kilometres
late
last
century,
respectively.
Currently,
the
des
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ertification
land
in
China
makes
up
2.
64
million
square
kilometres,
accounting
for
27.
46
percent
of
the
nation’s
land,
and
its
sandy
land
totals
1.
74
million
square
kilometres,
accounting
for
18.
1
percent
of
the
country’s
total.
【语篇概述】本文主要讲了中国遭受沙尘暴侵袭,
通过治理在控制沙漠化方面取得了一定成效。
1.
Where
do
most
of
the
sandstorms
in
China
come
from
A.
The
northwestern
Chinese
regions.
B.
The
northern
Chinese
regions.
C.
The
western
part
of
China.
D.
Foreign
countries.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和第二段可知,
中国遭受沙尘暴侵袭的沙尘大部分来源于外国。
2.
Which
of
the
follow
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing
is
believed
to
be
the
sand
source
to
northeast
Asia
A.
Mongolia.
　　　　　　
B.
Africa.
C.
China.
D.
Australia.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知,
中国被认为是东北亚风沙的来源地。
3.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“decreasing”
mean
in
Paragraph
4
A.
Going
down.
B.
Going
up.
C.
Coming
from.
D.
Taking
up.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第四段
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )最后的“has
also
been
falling
by
1,
284
square
kilometres
a
year”可知,
该词的意思是“减少”,
与fall的意思接近,
故选A项。
4.
What
can
we
infer
from
this
passage
A.
The
land
in
China
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
suffering
from
desertification
has
been
increasing
greatly.
B.
China
has
made
achievements
in
its
own
desertification
control.
C.
The
desertificatio
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
land
makes
up
nearly
half
of
China’s
territory.
D.
Little
pr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ogress
has
been
made
in
controlling
desertification
in
China.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章的第四段提供的数据可以看出,
中国在控制沙漠化方面取得了成效。
Ⅱ.
语法填空
　　阅读下面材料,
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Anne’s
siste
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r
Margo
was
very
upset
that
the
family
had
to
move.
1.
________,
she
knew
that
she
had
got
to
go
2.
________all
the
difficulties
with
her
family.
She
found
3.
________difficult
to
settle
and
calm
4.
________in
the
hiding
place,
because
she
was
5.
________
(concern)about
whether
they
would
be
discovered.
She
suffered
from
6.
________
(lonely),
but
she
had
to
learn
to
like
it
there.
What
she
really
missed
was
going
outdoors
and
walking
the
dog
for
her
neighbour.
It
was
such
fun
7.
________
(watch)it
run
in
the
park.
She
8.
________
(wish)she
could
tell
her
neighbour
face
to
face
that
she
was
sorry
not
to
be
able
to
do
it
any
9.
________
(long),
but
she
knew
that
was
too
10.
________
(danger).
答案：1.
However
2.
through
3.
it
4.
down
5.
concerned
6.
loneliness
7.
to
watch
8.
wished
9.
longer
10.
dangerous
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据阅读理解句式仿写
1.
排球是我很喜欢的运动。(of
which引导定语从句)
______________________________________________________
2.
有些小孩在河里游泳。(现在分词作定语)
_____________________________________________________
3.
我们不得不正视这样的现实:
我们已经做错了。(the
fact
that同位语从句)
_____________________________________________________
答案：1.
Volleyball
is
a
sport
of
which
I
am
very
fond.
2.
There
were
some
children
swimming
in
the
river.
3.
We
have
to
face
the
fact
that
we
have
done
wrong.(共87张PPT)
Module
4　Sandstorms
in
Asia
Integrating
Skills　
Ⅰ.
根据英文释义写出相对应的英语单词
1.
waste
material,
such
as
paper,
empty
containers,
and
food
thrown
away　(
)
2.
facts
or
signs
that
show
clearly
that
something
exists
or
is
true　
(
)
3.
very
large
or
important,
when
compared
to
other
things
or
people
of
a
similar
kind　(
)
garbage
evidence
major
4.
very
important
and
needing
to
be
dealt
with
immediately
(
)
5.
to
say
that
you
are
annoyed,
not
satisfied,
or
unhappy
about
something
or
someone　(
)
urgent
complain
Ⅱ.
根据语境写出黑体词汇的正确的词义
1.
The
young
in
our
society
need
care
and
protection.
(
)
2.
She
put
worms,
snakes
and
scary
things
into
the
pot.
(
)
3.
It
might
be
something
absolutely
wonderful.
(
)
4.
Do
you
think
people
should
recycle
newspapers (
)
5.
Bicycle
is
a
good
exercise;
moreover,
it
does
not
pollute
the
air.
(
)
保护
恐怖的
绝对地
重新利用
污染
Ⅲ.
根据语境猜测黑体短语的含义
1.
Smoking
has
a
bad
effect
on
your
health.
(
)
2.
The
soil
is
dry
enough
to
take
in
a
lot
of
water.
(
)
3.
A
gas
lamp
gave
out
a
pale
yellowish
light.
(
)
4.
I’ve
looked
through
all
my
papers
and
I
have
not
found
any
spelling
mistakes.
(
)
5.
It’s
a
long
story,
but
to
put
it
in
a
nutshell,
he
has
been
living
happily
now
in
a
small
town.
(
)
对……有坏影响
吸收
放出，发出
浏览
简言之，概括地讲
Ⅳ.
根据语境及汉语提示写出相应的短语
1.
People
____
enough
_____(关心)
the
environment.
2.
You’d
better,
_________(如果可能的话),
get
here
by
the
noon.
3.
If
you
_______________(做某事有困难)
finishing
the
exercises,
please
come
to
my
help.
care
about
if
possible
have
difficulty
in
4.
We
have
to
get
our
government
to
_____
seriously
_____(考虑)
the
environment
problems.
5.
I
have
to
______(戴上)
my
glasses;
I
can’t
read
the
sign
from
here.
think
about
put
on
1.
have
a
bad
effect
on
对……有坏影响
Violent
TV
programs
have
a
bad
effect
on
children.
暴力电视节目对孩子有不好的影响。
El
Nino
phenomenon
has
a
bad
effect
on
the
climate
all
over
the
world.
厄尔尼诺现象对全球的气候有坏影响。
【归纳拓展】
in
effect
实际上，事实上；有效
take
effect
生效，起作用
bring/put/carry.
.
.
into
effect
实行；使生效
come/go
into
effect
开始生效；开始实施
These
laws
are
in
effect
in
twenty
states.
这些法律在二十个州有效。
We
must
put
this
policy
into
effect.
我们必须把这个政策付诸实施。
【即学活用】用effect的短语填空。
①The
medicine
__________________me.
那种药对我有良好的功效。
②Some
ancient
laws
now
are
still
_______.
有些古时的法律现在仍然有效。
③The
new
train
timetable
will
______________
tomorrow.
新的火车时刻表明天开始生效。
had
a
good
effect
on
in
effect
come
into
effect
2.
concerned
adj.
关心的，担心的
We
are
all
concerned
about
his
health.
我们都关心他的健康。
Please
don’t
be
concerned
about
me.
请不要为我担心。
【归纳拓展】
(1)be
concerned
with/in
与……有关的，有牵连的
as
far
as
sb.
is
concerned
(口)在某人看来；就某人而言
(2)concern
n.
忧虑，担心，关切；担心的事情，关切的事情
v.
使担心，使忧虑；与……有关；对……有影响
His
new
book
is
concerned
with
Africa.
他的新书是关于非洲的。
As
far
as
I
am
concerned,
I
think
sports
are
good
for
you.
就我来说，我认为体育运动对你有好处。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①Both
of
them
_________________
the
case.
他们二人都涉嫌那个案子。
②______________________,
I’m
not
against
your
plan.
就我而言,
我并不反对你的计划。
are
concerned
with
As
far
as
I
am
concerned
③The
meeting
was
concerned________
education
reforms
and
many
parents,
concerned________
the
future
of
their
children,
were
present.
A.
with;
with　B.
with;
about　C.
for;
about　D.
about;
with
【解析】选B。句意:
会议是关于教育改革的,
许多关心孩子未来的家长出席了会议。be
concerned
with意为“涉及;
关心”,
be
concerned
about意为“对……担心或忧虑”。根据句意判断第一个空应选with,
表示“这次会议是关于教育改革的”;
第二个空应选about,
表示“关心孩子们的未来”。
3.
take
in
吸收；理解，欺骗
Trees
take
in
carbon
dioxide
and
give
out
oxygen.
树木吸收二氧化碳并放出氧气。
If
you
believe
him,
you’ll
certainly
be
taken
in.
如果你相信他，就肯定会受骗。
I
could
hardly
take
in
what
the
old
man
said.
我几乎听不懂那个老人说了什么。
【归纳拓展】
take
away
拿走；使离开
take
down
记下来；拆掉
take
on
呈现；雇用
take
over
接收，接管，取代
take
up
占去，占据；开始；从事
This
table
takes
up
too
much
room.
这张桌子太占地方了。
The
reporter
took
down
everything
I
said.
记者把我说的一切都记下来了。
【即学活用】用适当的介、副词填空。
①Many
a
person
was
taken
__
by
that
trick
yesterday.
②Then
you
can
retire
and
let
him
take
____.
③The
insect
can
take
___
the
color
of
its
surroundings.
④Books
cannot
be
taken
_____
from
this
room.
in
over
on
away
⑤These
teenagers
don’t
know
much
of
the
world
yet;
that’s
why
they
are
so
easily________
.
A.
taken
in
B.
taken
on
C.
taken
up
D.
taken
over
【解析】选A。take
in意为“吸收;
欺骗”;
take
on意为“呈现”;
take
up意为“占据;
从事”;
take
over意为“接管;
占领”。根据句意判断应选A项,
表示“那就是他们很容易受骗的原因”。
4.
give
out
放出；发出
The
sun
gives
out
light
and
heat
to
the
earth.
太阳给地球光和热。
I’ll
be
back
as
soon
as
I
give
out
these
forms.
我发完这些表就回来。
【归纳拓展】
give
out
分发；疲劳，累坏；用尽，耗光；宣布，公布，发表
give
in
让步；投降；上交
give
away
赠送；泄露；出卖
give
up
投降；放弃
After
a
month,
their
food
supplies
gave
out.
过了一个月，他们的食物已消耗殆尽。
The
hunted
animal’s
strength
finally
gave
out.
被追猎的动物终于精疲力竭。
【名师点津】
　　表示“发出、放出(光线、热量、声音、气体等)”时,
give
out
和give
off用法相同,
都是及物动词短语;
表示“分发”时,
give
out和hand
out用法相同,
都是及物动词短语;
而表示“(人体部位)出毛病,
疲劳,
累坏”和“用尽,
耗光”时,
give
out是不及物动词短语。
【巧学助记】
give
out含义面面观
【即学活用】用适当的介、副词填空。
①The
teacher
gave
___
the
examination
papers.
②The
enemy
were
forced
to
give
__.
③The
doctor
advised
me
to
give
___
smoking.
④He
gave
_____
his
books
to
a
circulating
library.
out
in
up
away
5.
complain
vi.
抱怨，发牢骚；投诉
You’ve
got
nothing
to
complain
about.
你没什么可抱怨的。
She
complained
to
him
about
the
pressure
of
her
job.
她向他抱怨工作的压力。
Some
parents
complain
that
their
children
are
burdened
with
heavy
homework.
有些家长抱怨他们的孩子的家庭作业繁重。
【归纳拓展】
(1)complain
to
sb.
of/about
sth.
向某人抱怨某事
complain
that.
.
.
抱怨……
(2)complaint
n．抱怨，牢骚，投诉
make
a
complaint
to
sb.
about
sth.
为某事向某人投诉
I’d
like
to
make
a
complaint
about
the
noise.
我要就噪音问题提出投诉。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①The
neighbours
always
______________
the
noise.
邻居们总是抱怨噪音问题。
②I
want
to
________________
about
his
bad
attitude.
我要因他的恶劣态度投诉他。
③She
_____________________
his
rudeness.
她向我抱怨他的鲁莽。
④The
tourists
__________________________________.
游客们抱怨说房间太脏了。
complain
about
make
a
complaint
complained
to
me
about
complained
that
the
room
was
too
dirty
6.
look
through
浏览，仔细查看；翻阅，翻找
Please
look
through
your
work
carefully.
请仔细检查你的工作。
She
looked
through
her
notes
before
the
exam.
她考试前匆匆浏览了一下笔记。
【归纳拓展】
look
after
照顾；照看
look
into
往里看；调查
look
up
查阅；抬头看
look
forward
to
期盼
look
down
on/upon
轻视，看不起
We
look
forward
to
the
return
of
spring.
我们期待着春天的回归。
It’s
wrong
of
you
to
look
down
upon
the
poor.
你看不起穷人是错误的。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①He
______________the
article
and
handed
it
back.
他看完了那篇文章后把它还了回去。
②I
took
my
turn
to
_________the
baby.
轮到我照顾那个婴儿了。
③We
shouldn’t
______________the
disabled.
我们不应该瞧不起残疾人。
④I
____________________you
again
soon.
我盼望不久再见到您。
looked
through
look
after
look
down
upon
look
forward
to
seeing
7.
I
couldn’t
agree
with
you
more.
我非常同意你的观点。
【句式分析】
该句为简单句，句中使用了couldn’t.
.
.
more结构。当比较级用于否定形式的句子中，句子表达的是最高级的含义，意为“最……，非常……，再没有比……更……的了”。
You
can’t
find
a
better
hotel
than
mine.
你再也找不到比我这旅馆更好的了。
What
a
wonderful
novel！I
have
never
read
a
more
moving
one.
多么好的一部小说呀！我从来没有读过比这部更感人的小说。
【归纳拓展】
与此句含义相同的其他表示法还有：
can’t/couldn’t
.
.
.
＋
too＋adj.
/adv.
无论……都不为过
can’t/couldn’t.
.
.
＋adj.
/adv.
＋enough
无论……都不为过/都不过分
You
can’t
be
careful
enough
when
driving.
你开车时怎样小心都不为过。
You
cannot
praise
him
too
much.
你再怎样称赞他都不过分。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①Let’s
have
our
dinner
here—
____________________________
________.
我们就在这里吃饭吧——我们再也找不到比这儿更好的地方了。
we
can’t
find
a
better
place
than
this
one
②—What
about
the
football
match
last
night
—　　　.
I
might
as
well
have
stayed
at
home
and
had
a
good
rest.
A.
It
couldn’t
have
been
any
better
B.
It
couldn’t
have
been
any
worse
C.
It
was
the
best
one
D.
There
was
no
better
one
【解析】选B。从答语中的“I
might
as
well
have
stayed
at
home
and
had
a
good
rest(我倒不如也待在家里好好休息一下)”可知“昨晚的足球赛再糟不过了”,
It
couldn’t
have
been
any
worse.
意为“再糟不过”。
③—What
about
going
out
for
a
walk
after
supper
—________
.
Shall
we
ask
Betty
to
go
with
us
A.
I
couldn’t
agree
more
B.
I
don’t
think
so
C.
It’s
a
matter
of
habit
D.
That’s
right
【解析】选A。考查交际用语。句意:
——晚饭后去散步怎么样 ——我非常同意。让贝蒂和我们一起去好吗 I
couldn’t
agree
more我非常同意;
I
don’t
think
so我认为不是这样;
It’s
a
matter
of
habit这是一个习惯的问题;
That’s
right那是正确的。由此可知选A。
8.
The
garbage
is
then
taken
away
and,
if
possible,
recycled.
然后将垃圾运走;
倘若可能的话,
予以回收利用。
【句式分析】
(1)句中的if
possible意为“如果可能的话”,
是一个状语从句的省略形式,
其完整形式为:
if
it
is
possible。
(2)在if,
when,
while,
once,
whether,
unless等引导的从句中如果含有be动词的某种形式,
从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it时,
从句的主语和be可以省略。
I
want
to
get
back
by
five
o’clock
if
possible.
如果可能的话，我想五点之前回来。
He
was
knocked
down
while
(he
was)
crossing
the
street.
过马路时他被撞倒了。
【归纳拓展】
if
so
如果是这样
if
not
如果不是这样的话，如果没有的话
if
any
如果有的话(也不多)
if
ever
如果有过的话
if
necessary
如果有必要的话
If
necessary,
I’ll
be
glad
to
run
you
about
with
my
car.
如果需要，我乐意用汽车接送你。
He
seldom,
if
ever,
reads
a
book.
他几乎从来不看书。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①You
can
use
these
reference
books,
__________.
如果必要，你可以用这些参考书。
②Please
check
over
the
speech
draft
and
correct
the
mistakes,
_____.
请把演讲稿检查一遍，如果有错误，请改正过来。
③____,
we’ll
have
to
put
the
meeting
off.
如果是这样，我们只好把会议推迟。
if
necessary
if
any
If
so
④—Have
you
got
any
particular
plans
for
the
coming
holiday
—Yes.
________
,
I’m
going
to
visit
some
homes
for
the
old
in
the
city.
A.
If
ever
　
B.
If
busy
C.
If
anything
D.
If
possible
【解析】选D。答语句意:
是的。如果可能的话,
我打算去参观城市的敬老院。if
ever意为“如果有过的话”;
if
busy意为“如果忙的话”;
if
anything用以表达无把握的看法;
if
possible意为“如果可能的话”。
【要点拾遗】
1.
atmosphere
n.
大气；大气层
The
atmosphere
of
the
city
is
very
much
polluted.
那个城市的空气受到严重污染。
The
meeting
proceeded
in
a
friendly
atmosphere.
会议在友好的气氛中进行。
【归纳拓展】
atmosphere
n.
空气；气氛，氛围,
情调
in
a
friendly
atmosphere
在友好的气氛中
【即学活用】完成句子。
①The
hotel
offers
___________________
and
personal
service.
这家宾馆服务周到，气氛友好。
②The
talk
was
conducted
_____________________.
会谈是在友好的气氛中进行的。
a
friendly
atmosphere
in
a
friendly
atmosphere
③The
teacher
likes
to
create
a(n)　　　in
which
the
students
can
learn
easily.
A.
atmosphere
B.
message
C.
care
D.
energy
【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意:
这位老师喜欢创造一种能让学生们轻松学习的氛围。atmosphere氛围,
气氛;
message信息;
care关心;
energy精力,
能源。根据句意可知选A。
2.
urgent
adj.
紧急的
She
was
speaking
to
him
in
an
urgent
voice.
她正急迫地跟他说话。
The
task
is
very
urgent.
We
must
seize
time.
这项任务十分紧迫，我们要抓紧时间。
【归纳拓展】
(1)It
is
urgent
that.
.
.
(should＋)+动词原形很紧迫的是……
(2)urge
vt.
催促，力劝；推进，激励
urge
sb.
to
do
sth.
＝
urge
sb.
into
doing
sth.
敦促某人做某事
(3)urgently
adv.
紧急地，急迫地
He
urged
us
to
go.
=He
urged
that
we
should
go.
=He
urged
(our)going.
=He
urged
us
into
going.
他催我们快走。
It
is
urgent
that
immediate
measures
should
be
taken
to
stop
the
situation.
很紧迫的是应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①There
is
_____________
for
qualified
teachers.
迫切需要合格教师。
②__________
that
we
operate.
我们得马上动手术。
③I
strongly
__________
give
up
smoking.
我力劝你戒烟。
an
urgent
need
It
is
urgent
urge
you
to
3.
protection
n.
保护
He’s
devoted
his
whole
life
to
the
protection
of
the
rare
animals.
他终生献身于珍稀动物的保护。
Her
coat
gave
her
protection
from
the
rain.
她的外套使她免受雨淋之苦。
【归纳拓展】
(1)under
the
protection
of.
.
.
在……的保护下
(2)protect
v．保护
protect.
.
.
from/against.
.
.
使……免受……
An
umbrella
will
protect
you
from
the
rain.
雨伞可以保护你免受雨淋。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①We
need
______________
the
sun’s
ray.
我们需要保护自己免受紫外线的照射。
②Try
to
___________________________the
sun.
尽量保护皮肤不被太阳晒。
③The
quilt
is
not
thick
enough
to
_______________
the
cold.
被子的厚度不足以为他御寒。
protection
from
protect
your
skin
from/against
protect
him
from
4.
in
a
nutshell
简言之；概括地讲
In
a
nutshell,
it
was
not
my
cup
of
tea.
简单地说，它不合我的胃口。
He
told
me
the
story
in
a
nutshell.
他告诉了我这个故事的大概。
【归纳拓展】
in
a/one
word
简言之，总之，一句话
in
short
总之，简单地说，总而言之
on
the
whole
总的看来，总体而言
in
brief/
to
be
brief
简言之
in
conclusion
总之；最后
In
conclusion,
I’d
like
to
thank
you
for
all
you
had
done
for
me.
最后，我要感谢你们为我所做的一切。
In
short,
I
am
interested
in
all
of
the
sports.
简而言之，我对一切运动都感兴趣。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①That,
___________,
is
what
we’re
doing.
简单地说，那就是我们正在做的事情。
②A
dance
was
given
____________.
最后举行了舞会。
in
a
nutshell
in
conclusion
③　　　,
I’m
coming
tonight
only
to
inform
you
of
the
date
of
the
meeting.
A.
As
a
result
　B.
In
case
C.
In
a
nutshell
D.
In
all
【解析】选C。考查介词短语。句意:
简言之,
我今晚来就是为了通知你会议的日期。as
a
result因此;
in
case以防;
in
a
nutshell简言之;
in
all总共。根据句意选C。
5.
have
difficulty(in)doing
sth.
在做某事上很困难
I
always
have
difficulty
in
pronouncing
new
words.
对新单词的发音我总是有困难。
I
have
difficulty
in
learning
English.
我学习英语有困难。
【归纳拓展】
(1)have
some/great/no/little
difficulty(trouble)
in
doing
sth.
/
with
sth.
做某事有/有很大/没有/几乎没有困难
(2)There
is
some
difficulty
(trouble)
in
doing
sth.
/
with
sth.
在(做)某事上有困难
(3)with
difficulty
困难地；艰难地
without
difficulty
轻而易举地
【即学活用】完成句子。
①Tom
_____________________
the
lesson.
汤姆学这课有困难。
②He
finished
work
_______________.
他毫不费力地完成了工作。
③The
students
_________________this
type
of
sentence.
学生们对这种类型的句子感到困难。
has
difficulty
in
learning
without
difficulty
have
difficulty
with
6.
get
sb.
to
do
sth.
让某人做某事
The
“Green”
movement
tries
to
get
governments
to
think
seriously
about
the
environment
and
how
to
look
after
it.
“绿色”运动极力使各国政府认真考虑环境问题，并考虑如何保护环境。
Can
you
get
us
to
do
the
experiment
你能让我们做这个试验吗？
He
couldn’t
get
the
car
to
start
and
went
by
bus.
他因无法发动车子，所以乘公共汽车去了。
【归纳拓展】
get的常用结构有：
get＋宾语＋adj.
使……成为(某种状态)
get＋宾语＋to
do
sth.
让/使……做……
get＋宾语＋done
使……被……
get＋宾语＋doing
sth.
使……开始某动作
We
must
get
everything
ready
today.
今天我们必须把一切准备好。
I
must
get
my
bike
repaired.
我得叫人给我修理自行车。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①Where
are
you
going
to
_______________
你打算到哪里去理发？
②He
has
_______________.
他把上衣弄脏了。
③Soon
they
_________________.
不久他们就让火着了起来。
get
your
hair
cut
got
his
coat
dirty
got
the
fire
burning
④Jenny
hopes
that
Mr
Smith
will
suggest
a
good
way
to
get
her
written
English________
in
a
short
period.
A.
improved
B.
improving
C.
to
improve
D.
improve
【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意:
珍妮希望史密斯先生能给她推荐一个短时间内提高英语书写能力的好方法。get
sth.
done是固定句型,
表示“使……被……”。
环境保护类作文
【文体感知】
　　和环境保护相关的作文一般都是夹叙夹议类的文章。
　　注意事项:
　　1.
要点明环境问题的现状及环境问题产生的原因;
　　2.
说明环境问题对生活的影响,
并指出针对此环境问题应采取的措施。
　　3.
对问题的描述要采用客观表述,
避免主观色彩。
　　假设你是山东某中学的学生李华,
请根据以下提示,
针对山东北部遭受沙尘暴袭击的情况,
向某英语报社投稿,
呼吁大家植树造林,
保护环境。
　　1.
过去家乡树木成林;
　　2.
如今人们毁林种地建房;
　　3.
气候变化,
土地荒漠化;
　　4.
植树造林,
人人有责。
　　注意:
1.
词数为120个左右;
　　　　
2.
开头和结尾已给出,
但不计入总词数。
【审题谋篇】
1.
体裁:
_________
2.
话题:
_________
3.
时态:
_______________________
4.
人称:
_________
5.
结构:
夹叙夹议
环境保护
一般过去时和一般现在时
第三人称
第一部分是_____________________
第二部分_______________
第三部分是_________
对家乡过去的总体介绍
论述现在的状况
解决措施
【词汇推敲】
1.
在……过程中
______________
2.
砍伐
________
3.
引起,
导致
___________
4.
对……关切的
_________________
5.
保护
_______________________
6.
防止
_______________________
7.
依我看
_________________________________
in
the
process
of
cut
down
cause/lead
to
be
concerned
about
protect.
.
.
from/against.
.
.
prevent.
.
.
from/against.
.
.
in
my
opinion/as
far
as
I’m
concerned
【句式锻造】
1.
一句多译。
①然而,
由于气候的变化,
现在下雨少了。
However,
_______________________,
it
rains
little
now.
However,
_________________________,
it
rains
little
now.
②随着时间的推移,
森林遭受了严重破坏。
______________,
the
forests
were
seriously
destroyed.
_________________,
the
forests
were
seriously
destroyed.
because
of
climate
changes
as
a
result
of
climate
changes
As
time
went
on
With
time
going
on
2.
按要求完成句子。
①我的家乡过去绿草茵茵,
森林环绕,
是一个美丽的地方。(将两个
句子合并为一个简单句)
My
hometown
used
to
be
a
beautiful
place.
Thick
forests
and
green
grass
could
be
seen
everywhere.
→________________________________________________________
_____________________
My
hometown
used
to
be
a
beautiful
place,
with
thick
forests
and
green
grass
everywhere.
②沙尘暴不时地袭击我们的家乡,
我们深受其害。(将并列句改为非
限制性定语从句)
Sandstorms
struck
us
now
and
then,
and
we
suffered
from
them
a
lot.
→_________________________________________________________
Sandstorms
struck
us
now
and
then,
from
which
we
suffered
a
lot.
【妙笔成篇】
(注意使用however,
in
order
to,
as
a
result,
then等关联词)
Dear
Editor,
　　I’m
a
student
at
a
middle
school
of
Shandong.
I’m
writing
to
express
my
views
concerning
the
environment
in
my
hometown.
My
hometown
used
to
be
a
beautiful
place.
Thick
forests
and
green
grass
could
be
seen
everywhere.
However,
because
of
climate
changes,
it
rains
little
now.
In
order
to
build
houses
and
grow
more
crops,
people
there
cut
down
more
and
more
trees.
As
time
went
on,
the
forests
were
seriously
destroyed.
As
a
result,
sandstorms
struck
us
now
and
then,
from
which
people
suffered
a
lot.
To
prevent
desertification,
I
hope
all
the
people
take
good
care
of
the
forests
and
plant
more
trees
instead
of
cutting
them
down.
Then
our
living
conditions
will
soon
be
improved.
　　I’m
looking
forward
to
hearing
from
you.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Yours,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Li
Hua
【写作指导】
Ⅰ.
策略指导
1.
明确文章类型:
本文是夹叙夹议的文章。
2.
明确主题:
本文是环境保护类的文章,
常用一般现在时和一般过去时。
3.
掌握分类:
描述文和议论文。
4.
文章结构要清晰:
先写环境问题的现状;
再写环境问题的原因;
然后写环境问题对生活的影响;
最后写应采取的措施。
Ⅱ.
常见的句型
1.
With
the
development
of
industry
and
agriculture,
cars
make
noises
and
give
off
poisonous
gas.
2.
Pollution
has
been
making
more
and
more
water
unable
for
drinking.
3.
Cars
have
made
the
air
unhealthy
for
people
to
breathe
and
poisonous
gas
is
given
off
by
factories.
4.
Water
pollution
has
for
a
long
time
been
a
major
concern
among
the
environmental
problems.
5.
Environmental
problems
are
becoming
more
and
more
serious
all
over
the
world.
6.
Massive
destruction
of
environment
has
brought
about
negative
effects.(共35张PPT)
Module
4
Sandstorms
in
Asia
Listening
&
Speaking
&Writing
1.
Students
can
understand
the
new
words
in
the
listening
part.
2.
Students
can
get
the
main
information
from
the
listening
passage.
Learning
aims
__________
__________
__________
pollution
environment
atmosphere
Look
at
the
pictures
,
and
see
what
words
you
will
think
of
Leading
-
in
1.
atmosphere
2.
damage
3.
chemical
4.
environment
5.
melt
6.
recycle
7.
carbon
dioxide
8.
the
Poles
9.
garbage
10.
pollution
Finish
the
exercise
at
Activity
1,
Page
35.
Pre-
listening
Answers:
1.E
2.D
3.C
4.B
5.A
Listen
to
the
tape
and
finish
Activity
2
,
Page
35.
Then
talk
about
the
relationship
between
them.
Listening
practice
Listen
to
the
tape,
then
finish
the
exercise
at
Activity
3,
Page
35.
Answers:
1.
The
climate.
2.
New
York
and
Shanghai.
3.
Because
pollution
is
stopping
the
sun’s
heat
leaving
the
atmosphere.
4.
Carbon
dioxide
from
cars.
5.
There
is
less
oxygen
and
more
carbon
dioxide
in
the
atmosphere.
6.
Optimistic.
environment
in
a
nutshell
urgent
climate
a
lot
of
evidence
Hotter
warmer
Listen
to
the
tape,
then
fill
in
the
blanks.
Int:
David,
what
do
you
see
as
the
main
problems
with
the
____________
D.U:
Well,
____________,
the
most
______
problem
of
all
is
the
________.
The
world’s
climate
seems
to
be
getting
warmer.
Int:
We’ve
seen
______________
of
that,
haven’t
we
_______
summers,
________
winters,
that
kind
of
thing.
D.U:
Yes,
we
have.
Also,
scientists
have
found
that
the
ice
at
the
Poles
is
beginning
to
______.
Int:
We’ve
heard
that
too.
Is
that
really
happening
D.U:
Yes,
I’m
afraid
it
is.
And
____________
in
the
future,
the
ice
may
melt
___________.
Then
it’s
possible
that
the
sea
could
rise
and
___________
like
New
York
and
Shanghai
could
disappear
under
water.
Int:
It
sounds
very
___________.
D.U:
I
couldn’t
agree
with
you
more.
It’s
______!
melt
at
sometime
completely
coastal
cities
frightening
scary
Int:
Can
you
explain
why
the
climate’s
getting
warmer
D.U:
Well,
I’ll
do
my
best!
It’s
_________
that’s
the
problem.
Gases
from
cars
enter
the
____________
and
_____
the
sun’s
heat
from
_______
the
atmosphere.
And
factories
_________
chemicals
that
do
the
same
thing.
So
__________,
the
climate
is
getting
warmer.
Int:
From
_________________,
carbon
dioxide
from
cars
is
a
major
problem.
pollution
atmosphere
stop
leaving
give
out
as
a
result
what
I
understand
D.U:
You’re
absolutely
right.
Carbon
dioxide
is
the
gas
that
does
most
_________
to
the
atmosphere.
But
we
have
a
problem
with
trees
too.
You
see,
trees
________
oxygen
and
_______
carbon
dioxide.
So
they’re
very
useful
because
they
_______
the
carbon
dioxide.
Int:
I
know
what
you’re
going
to
say.
We’re
_____________
all
the
trees.
damage
give
out
take
in
cutting
use
up
down
furniture
situation
all
the
garbage
D.U:
Yes,
we
cut
them
down
because
we
need
the
land,
and
because
we
use
the
wood
for
paper
and
_________.
That
leaves
more
carbon
dioxide
in
the
atmosphere.
Int:
It’s
a
terrible
_________.
D.U:
Yes,
and
another
problem
is
_______________
that
we
produce.
We
burn
a
lot
of
garbage,
and
once
again,
the
gases
pollute
the
atmosphere.
That
situation
couldn’t
be
worse,
really.
Int:
We
should
_______
garbage,
not
burn
it.
D.U:
Of
course
we
should.
Int:
It’s
strange,
we
know
all
this,
and
yet
we
do
____________________
it.
I
can’t
help
but
feel
very
___________.
D.U:
Yes,
well,
it
is
_________.
But
governments
are
beginning
to
do
something
about
it.
I
don’t
think
it’s
too
late.
recycle
nothing
but
talk
about
concerned
worrying
Function
Agreements
Disagreements
①I
couldn’t
agree
with
you
more.
②I
think
you’re
absolutely
right.
③I
disagree
with
you.
④I
am
afraid
I
cannot
agree
with
you.
⑤I
don’t
think
so.
①
②
③
④
⑤
Function:
Matching
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
phrases
in
activities
1
and
2.
1.A:
We
need
to
plant
more
trees.
B:____________________________________________
_________________
________________________________________The
traffic
in
this
city
just
doesn’t
move.
3.
A:
People
don’t
care
enough
about
the
environment.
B:____________________________________________
___________________
________________________________________
I
can’t
see
anything.
There’s
sand
everywhere.
I
couldn’t
agree
with
you
more./
I
think
you’re
absolutely
right.
It
couldn’t
be
worse.
/
It’s
absolutely
hopeless.
I
couldn’t
agree
with
you
more.
/
I
think
you’re
absolutely
right.
It
couldn’t
be
worse.
/
It’s
absolutely
hopeless.
Speaking
1.What
are
the
causes
of
sandstorms
2.What
can
we
do
to
stop
the
sandstorm
Work
in
pairs
to
discuss
the
following
questions
Speaking
Causes
of
sandstorms
digging
up
grass
cutting
down
trees
climate
changes
overgrazing(过度放牧)
bad
farming
methods
Cues(提示）：
What
can
we
do
Keep
more
grass.
Plant
trees.
Reuse/Recycle.
Don’t
use
disposable
chopsticks.
Ban
bad
farming
methods.
Writing
introduction
causes
&
results
people’s
attitudes
measures
conclusion
Writing:
Discussion
If
you
are
to
write
the
article
describing
one
environment
problem,
how
many
parts
will
you
include
in
it
What
will
you
write
in
each
part
Are
you
clear
what
happens
Do
you
know
the
writer’s
attitude
and
emotion
Are
there
any
good
connecting
words
or
phrases
Are
there
any
good
phrases
or
sentences
Are
there
any
spelling
mistakes
Writing:
Read
your
writing
to
your
partner.
Check
and
rewrite
your
writing
according
to
the
following.
Then
share
it
with
the
whole
class.
Writing:
Describe
the
pictures
and
say
what
we
should
do.
Everyday
English
These
words
and
expressions
are
taken
from
Listening
and
vocabulary
activity
2.
Choose
the
right
answers.
1.
in
a
nutshell
means______.
(a)
in
my
opinion
(b)
to
explain
something
very
simply
2.
It’s
scary
means______.
(a)
It’s
frightening
(b)
It’s
interesting
4.
from
what
I
understand
means______.
(a)
This
is
what
I
understand
(b)
I
think
I
understand
5.
You’re
absolutely
right
means_______.
(a)
You’re
completely
right
(b)
You’re
almost
right
3.
I’ll
do
my
best
means
______.
(a)
This
is
the
best
(explanation
)
(b)
I’ll
try
as
hard
as
I
can
Language
Points
Trees
take
in
carbon
dioxide
and
give
out
oxygen.
树木吸收二氧化碳并且放出氧气。
take
in
此处意为“吸收,吸入(空气、水等)”。
【拓展】
take
in的常见意思还有:
(1)
把……拿进。例如:
Please
take
your
clothes
in
in
case
it
rains.
请把你的衣服拿进去，以防下雨。
(2)
收容(留)某人住宿。例如:
The
teacher
took
in
several
students.
这位老师留几名学生住宿。
give
out
此处意为“放出,散发出”,
多指气味、热量等的释放。例如:
The
rotating
machine
gave
out
a
lot
of
heat.
旋转的机器散发出许多热。
【知识拓展】
give
out的常见意思还有:
(1)
发(书、报)等。例如:
The
teacher
gave
out
the
exam
papers.
老师分发了试卷。
(2)
用完,耗尽。例如:
After
five
months,
their
food
supply
finally
gave
out.
五个月后，他们的食物供给最终用完了。
How
to
write
Part
1:
the
environment
problems
Part
2:
take
actions
Part
3:
call
on
people
to
care
for
it
Class
exercises
参考范文：
Help
the
Planet
As
we
all
know,
the
environment
pollution
is
more
and
more
serious
during
these
years.
What
we
can
do
is
to
make
great
efforts
in
protecting
the
environment
.
In
fact,
we
can
do
many
things
to
improve
the
environment,
such
as
planting
trees,
reusing
the
things
that
can
be
recycled.
We
had
better
not
use
plastic
bags
any
more.
No
one
can
stand
the
“white
pollution”.
Write
to
the
local
newspapers
to
remind
everybody
to
take
care
of
it.
The
most
important
thing
is
to
let
everybody
know
its
importance
and
everybody
should
make
a
contribution
to
it
.
As
long
as
we
try,
we
can
make
it.
We
strongly
believe
that
we
can
do
it
!
Let’s
do
it
together!
Let’s
take
actions
together!
Homework
Work
in
groups
to
encourage
people
to
protect
the
environment.
God
helps
those
who
help
themselves.
自助者，天助之。Module
4
Sandstorms
in
Asia
Period
4
Integrating
Skills
Ⅰ.
完形填空
　　A
thousand
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
years
ago
Hong
Kong
was
covered
by
a
thick
forest
like
the
forests
we
now
find
in
Malaysia
and
Thailand.
As
more
and
more　1　came
to
live
in
Hong
Kong,
these
trees
were
cut
down
and
burnt.
Now
there
is
no
forest
left,
　2　there
are
still
some
areas
covered
in
trees.
We
call
these　3　.
Elephants,
tigers,
mon
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )keys
and
many
other
animals
used
to
live
in
the　4　forests
of
Hong
Kong,
and
there
were
even
crocodiles
in
the　5　and
along
the
coast.
When
people
came
to
live　6　Hong
Kong,
the
animals
began
to
die
out.
Early
farmers
drained(排干)the
valleys
to　7　rice
and
to
keep
pigs
and
chickens.
They　8　the
trees
and
burnt
them.
They
needed
fires
to
keep
themselves　9　in
winter,
to
cook
their
food,
and
to
keep
away
from　10　animals.
Elephants
quickly
disappeared
because
there
was
not
enough　11　for
them.
So
did
most
of
the
wolves,
leopards
and
tigers.
Monkeys,
squirrels
and
many
other
animals
soon
died
out
in
the
same
way.
You
might
think
that
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
there
are　12　any
animals
in
Hong
Kong,
except
in
the
zoos.
You
might
think
that
there
cannot
be
any
wild
animals
in
such
a　13　place,
with
so
many
cars
and
buildings.
But
there
is　14　a
good
deal
of
countryside
in
Hong
Kong
and
the
New
Territories(新界),
and
there
are
still
about
thirty-six
different
kinds
of
animals
living
there.
One
of
the
most
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )interesting
of
Hong
Kong’s　15　is
the
barking(吠叫)deer.
These
are
beautiful
little
creatures(生物)with
a
rich,
brown
coat
and
a
white
patch(斑)under
the
tail.
They
look
like
deer
but
they
are
much　16　.
They
are
less
than
two
feet
high.
The
male
barking
deer
has
two
small
horns(角)but
the
female
has
none.
They
make
a　17　rather
like
a
dog
barking.
Barking
deer
live
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in
thick
shrub(灌木)country
and
are
very
good
at　18　.
They
eat
grass
and
shrubs,
and
go
outside
mainly
in
the
very
early
morning
and
late
afternoon
and
evening.
This
is
when
you
are
most
likely
to
see
one
but
you
will
need
to
be
very
quiet
and
to
have
very
sharp　19　.
In
Hong
Kong
the
ba
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rking
deer
has
only
one　20　—man.
Although
it
is
illegal(非法的),
people
hunt
and
trap(诱捕)these
harmless
little
animals.
As
a
result,
there
are
now
not
many
left.
There
are
a
few
on
Hong
Kong
Island
but
hardly
any
in
the
New
Territories.
【语篇概述】一千年前,
香港
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )也像马来西亚和泰国一样,
被茂密的森林覆盖。随着人们的涌入,
森林被毁,
现在几乎没有了森林,
只有屈指可数的树林。
1.
A.
people　　
B.
children　　
C.
ladies　　
D.
women
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。四个选项均为
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )表示人的名词,
根据空白后came
to
live
in
Hong
Kong的语境判断,
到香港来定居的是各种人,
故填集体名词people。
2.
A.
as
B.
since
C.
though
D.
because
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。空白后的从句与其前的主句是让步关系,
故填连词though,
引导一个让步状语从句。
3.
A.
deserts
B.
shades
C.
fields
D.
woods
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。四个
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )选项的名词填入空白都可以作宾语补足语,
但是只有填入表示“树林”的woods,
才能与上文中covered
in
trees的语境相吻合。
4.
A.
thin
B.
thick
C.
short
D.
dying
【解析】选B。背景常识题。根据常识,
大象、老虎、猴子及其他野生动物,
通常生活在具有隐蔽条件的茂密的森林里,
故填thick。
5.
A.
rivers
B.
hills
C.
sky
D.
mountains
【解析】选A。背景常识题。根据常识,
鳄鱼属水生动物。四个选项的名词,
只有rivers符合鳄鱼生活的条件,
故选A。
6.
A.
from
B.
near
C.
in
D.
outside
【解析】选C。固定搭配题。live表示“居住”“生活”,
是不及物动词,
表示住在某处,
其后要加介词in。
7.
A.
buy
B.
sell
C.
harvest
D.
grow
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。四个选项均为及物动
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词,
根据句意,
早先的农民排干山谷,
其目的是种稻和养猪养鸡,
故填grow,
表示“种植”。
8.
A.
planted
B.
looked
after
C.
cared
for
D.
cut
down
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。由空白后并列的谓语动词burnt,
可以确定此空应填动词短语cut
down,
表示“砍倒”。
9.
A.
cold
B.
cool
C.
warm
D.
hot
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“keep+名词/代词(作宾语)+形容词(作宾语补足语)”是一个keep带复合宾语的句型,
表示“使……继续保持某种状态”。空白后的介词短语in
winter表明,
此空应填形容词warm,
keep
warm是“取暖”的意思。
10.
A.
gentle
B.
useful
C.
safe
D.
dangerous
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。空白前的动词短语keep
away
from表明,
人们砍树取火的一个目的是赶走危险的动物,
免受其袭击和伤害。
11.
A.
air
B.
food
C.
water
D.
clothes
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。上文“They
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )　　　the
trees
and
burnt
them.
”已暗示出,
原先的森林里已没有充足的食物供大象吃。
12.
A.
never
B.
always
C.
no
D.
no
longer
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。上文已
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )经叙述了农民伐木烧树,
导致许多野生动物因没有充足的食物而灭绝。此空填no
longer表示“不再”是拿现在和以前相比。下文表明,
人们认为香港除了在动物园里不再有任何动物是一种错误认识。
13.
A.
free
B.
busy
C.
big
D.
large
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。空
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )白后作状语表示伴随情况的介词短语“with
so
many
cars
and
buildings”,
说明了香港是一个十分繁华的城市,
此空应填busy,
意为“繁华的”。
14.
A.
no
more
B.
nearly
C.
still
D.
hardly
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。由于有许
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )多汽车和高楼大厦,
给人的错觉是香港不会有任何野生动物。由But所表示的转折意义及下文“there
are
still
about
thirty-six
different
kinds
of
animals
living
there”可以判断出在香港和新界,
仍然有着供动物生存的乡村,
故此空应填表示持续状态的副词still。
15.
A.
animals
B.
plants
C.
fishes
D.
birds
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。四个选项均为表示
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )动植物的名词,
填在空白处都能作介词of的宾语,
但句中表语the
barking
deer说明,
此空应填animals。
16.
A.
greater
B.
larger
C.
smaller
D.
heavier
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。吠叫鹿
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )看起来像鹿,
但体形却比鹿小得多,
这一点是可以根据下文“They
are
less
than
two
feet
high.
”做出正确判断。
17.
A.
noise
B.
voice
C.
song
D.
living
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。由空白后
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作状语的介词短语like
a
dog
barking.
可以判断出,
此空应填noise。make
a
noise是固定的动词短语,
此处意为“高声叫”。
18.
A.
barking
B.
eating
C.
planting
D.
hiding
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。上文叙述了吠叫鹿生
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )活在茂密的灌木丛中,
再由下文“This
is
when
you
are
most
likely
to
see
one
but
you
will
need
to
be
very
quiet
and
to
have
very
sharp　　　.
”可以判断出此空应填hiding,
表示吠叫鹿非常擅长躲藏。
19.
A.
ears
B.
eyes
C.
mouths
D.
noses
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。四个选项均为
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )表示人体部位的名词,
填入空白处都可以作动词have的宾语,
但根据上文“They
eat
grass
and
shrubs,
and
go
outside
mainly
in
the
very
early
morning
and
late
afternoon
and
evening.
This
is
when
you
are
most
likely
to
see
one.
.
.
”这一语境判断,
此空应填eyes。
20.
A.
neighbour
B.
brother
C.
enemy
D.
friend
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。四个选项均为单数可数名词,
填在空白处语法都正确,
但根据下文“Although
it
is
illegal,
people
hunt
and
trap
these
harmless
little
animals.
”可以判断出,
人类是吠叫鹿的唯一敌人,
故此空应填enemy。
Ⅱ.
短文改错
　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,
每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:
在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),
并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:
把多余的词用斜线(＼)画掉。
修改:
在错的词下画一横线,
并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.
只允许修改10处,
多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dalian,
a
city
by
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ea,
is
quite
beautiful
and
the
air
there
is
so
good
to
breathe.
It
is
easy
to
go
here
by
train;
beside,
you
can
take
a
bus
or
plane
as
well.
Together
with
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )my
parents,
I
went
to
Dalian
for
a
trip
in
last
month.
We
visited
many
interesting
place,
having
lots
of
fun.
Dalian
is
such
wonderful
a
city
as
even
many
foreigners
go
and
work
there.
I
met
some
foreigners
there
and
talk
with
them.
Most
of
them
said
they
enjoyed
our
stay
in
Dalian.
After
staying
there
for
ten
days,
we
returned
home,
tired
and
happy.
答案:
Dalian,
a
city
by
∧
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sea,
is
quite
beautiful
and
the
air
there
is
so
good
to
breathe.
the
It
is
easy
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )go
here
by
train;
beside,
you
can
take
a
bus
or
plane
as
well.
Together
there
besides
with
my
parents
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
I
went
to
Dalian
for
a
trip
in
last
month.
We
visited
many
interesting
place,
having
lots
of
fun.
Dalian
is
such
wonderful
a
city
as
even
places
so
that
many
foreign
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ers
go
and
work
there.
I
met
some
foreigners
there
and
talk
with
them.
talked
Most
of
them
said
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )they
enjoyed
our
stay
in
Dalian.
After
staying
there
for
ten
days,
their
we
returned
home,
tired
and
happy.
butModule
4
Sandstorms
in
Asia
Period
4
Integrating
Skills
Ⅰ.
根据汉语提示写出单词
1.
The
hotel
had
a
lovely
relaxed
__________
(气氛).
2.
This
morning
a
bomb
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
in
a
__________
(垃圾)bag
exploded
and
injured
15
people.
3.
It
is
warmer
now,
and
the
snow
is
__________
(融化).
4.
There
is
a
l
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ot
of
__________
(证明,
根据)that
stress
is
partly
responsible
for
disease.
5.
Such
a
diet
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
widely
believed
to
offer
__________
(保护)against
a
number
of
cancers.
6.
If
you
feel
you
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
have
any
cause
for
__________
(抱怨)about
the
service,
you
should
write
to
the
Hospital
Administrator.
7.
Exercise
has
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
a
__________
(主要的)part
to
play
in
preventing
disease.
8.
The
move
follows
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )growing
public
__________
(担心)over
the
spread
of
the
disease.
9.
Garbage
that
can
be
__________
(回收利用)should
be
collected.
10.
The
Pand
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a
Base
at
Wolong
Giant
Panda
Protection
and
Research
Center
has
sent
keepers
to
help
the
pandas
better
adapt
to
their
new
__________
(环境).
答案：1.
atmosphere
2.
garbage
3.
melting
4.
evidence
5.
protection
6.
complaints
7.
major
8.
concern
9.
recycled
10.
environment
Ⅱ.
完成句子
1.
The
event
___________________
our
country.
这个事件给我们国家带来好的影响。
2.
I
found
it
easy
to
__________
what
the
teacher
had
taught.
我发现很容易就能明白老师讲的内容。
3.
Roses
__________
a
sweet
smell.
玫瑰花发出芬芳的气息。
4.
I’ll
__________
to
find
out.
我将尽最大努力查清楚。
5.
I
will
__________
her
child
when
she
is
on
a
business
trip.
她出差时我将照看她的孩子。
6.
The
poor
parents
h
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ad
to
__________
their
son
__________
from
school.
穷困的父母不得不让儿子辍学。
7.
She
___________________
your
safety.
她担心你的安全。
8.
You
should
__________
your
paper
before
handing
it
in.
交试卷之前你应该仔细检查一下。
9.
I
___________________
remembering
names.
我很难记住人名。
10.
Soon
he
__________
and
went
out.
他很快穿好衣服出去了。
答案：1.
had
a
good
effect
on
2.
take
in
3.
give
out
4.
try
my
best
5.
look
after
6.
take；away
7.
is
concerned
about
8.
look
through
9.
have
difficulty(in)
10.
got
dressed
Ⅲ.
阅读理解
You’re
standing
with
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )your
classmates.
Everyone
is
talking
except
you.
Perhaps
you’re
afraid
they
will
laugh
at
what
you
say.
Or
maybe
you
just
aren’t
brave
enough
to
speak.
I’ve
been
there,
an
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
so
have
many
other
people
all
over
the
world.
Shyness
is
like
a
snake
that
crawls
into
our
mouths
and
stops
us
speaking.
But
we
shouldn’t
let
it
stay
there.
I
am
29
years
old.
E
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ven
today,
that
snake
still
sometimes
visits
me.
But
when
I
was
in
high
school,
I
was
so
shy
that
I
wouldn’t
talk
to
anyone
except
my
parents
and
best
friends.
If
a
stranger
asked
me
the
way
to
a
local
shop,
it
was
as
if
I’d
forgotten
how
to
talk.
One
summer,
I
got
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )job
in
a
restaurant
and
that
helped
a
lot.
It
meant
I
had
to
talk
to
customers.
I
had
to
tell
them
how
much
their
meals
cost.
I
had
to
ask
them
if
they
wanted
to
drink
Coke
or
Sprite.
I
had
to
tell
the
people
in
the
kitchen
if
someone
wanted
pickle(泡菜)on
his
sandwich.
This
job
taught
me
how
to
speak
with
people.
You
may
not
be
old
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
enough
to
find
a
part-time
job.
But
you
can
look
for
other
chances
to
speak
with
people.
You
can
offer
to
help
an
old
woman
carry
her
heavy
bag.
Or
you
can
go
to
get
a
newspaper
for
your
family.
If
you
do
thes
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
things
for
a
while,
the
“shyness”snake
will
soon
begin
to
leave
you
alone.
It’ll
look
for
another
mouth
to
crawl
into.
【文章大意】羞涩是很多人,
尤其是青少年的性格表现,
只要你发现机会、创造机会多与人交流,
情况很快会得以改善。
1.
The
example
in
the
first
paragraph
is
used
to　　　　.
A.
show
that
everyone
has
the
right
to
speak
in
class
B.
tell
readers
that
it
is
not
right
to
laugh
at
others
C.
introduce
the
fact
that
many
people
have
a
shyness
problem
D.
argue
that
it
is
alright
to
keep
silent
in
public
【解析】选C。推理判断题。文章的第一段举
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )例的目的在于引出话题:
你可能害怕被嘲笑,
或者不够勇敢,
不敢与人说话。也就是说,
很多人都有害羞的毛病。故选C。
2.
The
underlined
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
sentence
in
the
second
paragraph
probably
means“　　　　”.
A.
he’s
been
in
many
situations
that
make
other
people
feel
shy
B.
he
is
confident
that
he
can
find
a
way
to
get
over
shyness
C.
he
is
sad
because
he
knows
he
will
always
be
shy
D.
like
many
other
people
he
once
was
troubled
by
shyness
【解析】选D。细节理解题。从
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第一段以及所在句子的下一句Shyness
is
like
a
snake
that
crawls
into
our
mouths
and
stops
us
speaking.
可知该画线句子告诉我们:
作者也和其他人一样曾经有害羞的毛病。故选D。
3.
The
author’s
duties
in
the
restaurant
included　　　　.
A.
cooking
the
meals
for
customers
B.
taking
the
customers’
orders
C.
discussing
the
menu
with
the
manager
D.
helping
people
in
the
kitchen
【解析】选B。细节理解题。文
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )章的第四段陈述作者在饭店工作时需要做的事:
与顾客交流(告诉他们账单花费、问他们喝可乐还是雪碧)、告诉厨师客人的要求。由此可知B符合语境。
4.
What
would
be
the
best
title
of
the
passage
A.
I
am
shy　　　　　　
B.
How
to
overcome
shyness
C.
What
is
shyness
D.
Everybody
is
shy
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。从文章的最后一段可以明显地看出文章的主旨就是告诉那些害羞的青少年克服羞涩的办法。故选B。
Ⅳ.
短文改错
(2015·沈阳高一检测)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )之间交换修改作文,
请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,
每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:
在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),
并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:
把多余的词用斜线(\)画掉。
修改:
在错的词下画一横线,
并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.
每处错误及修改均仅限一词;
2.
只允许修改10处,
多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last
Sunday
morning,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
when
I
was
having
a
walk
in
the
park
near
my
home,
I
came
across
a
crew
make
a
new
film
with
one
of
my
favourite
actor.
I
didn’t
have
my
camera
with
me
at
that
time,
but
I
rushed
back
home
to
get.
Unfortunately,
by
the
time
I
got
back,
they
have
finished
the
scene
and
the
actor
couldn’t
be
seen
everywhere.
I
was
really
disappointing
and
about
to
leave
when
he
walked
out
a
building.
He
was
right
there
in
the
front
of
me!I
couldn’t
believe
my
luck—not
only
did
I
had
my
photo
taken
with
him,
but
he
signed
his
name
on
my
shirt!
答案:
Last
Sunday
mornin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g,
when
I
was
having
a
walk
in
the
park
near
my
home,
I
came
across
a
crew
make
a
new
film
with
one
of
my
favourite
actor.
I
didn’t
making
actors
have
my
camera
with
m
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
at
that
time,
but
I
rushed
back
home
to
get
∧.
so/and
it
Unfortunately,
by
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
time
I
got
back,
they
have
finished
the
scene
and
the
actor
had
couldn’t
be
seen
everywhere.
I
was
really
disappointing
and
about
to
anywhere
disappointed
leave
when
he
walked
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut
∧a
building.
He
was
right
there
in
the
front
of
me!
I
of
couldn’t
believe
my
lu
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ck—not
only
did
I
had
my
photo
taken
with
him,
but
he
signed
have
his
name
on
my
shirt!
1.
【解析】第一句的make→making。making是现在分词作宾语补足语。
2.
【解析】第一句的actor→actors。根据前文的one
of可知后面用复数。
3.
【解析】第二句的but→so/and。前后表示并列或因果关系。
4.
【解析】第二句的get后加it。it代替前面的camera。
5.
【解析】第三句的have→had。根
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )据前文的by
the
time
I
got
back,
可知本动作发生在过去的过去,
故用过去完成时。
6.
【解析】第三句的everywhere→anywhere。anywhere用于否定句。
7.
【解析】第四句的disappointing→disappointed。disappointed感到失望的。
8.
【解析】第四句的out后加of。walk
out
of
the
building走出大楼。
9.
【解析】第五句的the去掉。in
front
of在……前面;
in
the
front
of在……前部。
10.
【解析】第六句的had→have。本句用倒装句,
前面有did,
后面用动词原形have。(共35张PPT)
Module
4
Sandstorms
in
Asia
Grammar
1.
Learn
the
use
of
Infinitive.
2.
Learn
some
important
words
and
phrases.
Learning
aims
Find
out
the
sentences
from
the
text
that
contain
the
infinitive：
1.
Scientists
have
tried
many
ways
to
solve
this
problem.
2.
The
wind
is
sometimes
strong
enough
to
move
sand
dunes.
3.
To
have
been
caught
in
a
sandstorm
was
a
terrible
experience.
Leading
-
in
4.
There
was
nothing
to
be
done.
5.
Sandstorms
in
China
appear
to
have
increased
in
recent
years
as
a
result
of
“desertification”.
6.
To
be
cycling
in
a
sandstorm
is
frightening.
7.
To
prevent
it
coming
nearer,
the
government
is
planting
trees.
动词不定式
To
do
that
sort
of
thing
is
foolish.
He
refused
to
help
us
last
night.
All
you
have
to
do
is
to
finish
it
quickly.
We
found
a
house
to
live
in.
She
came
here
to
study
English.
I
warned
the
patient
not
to
drink
cold
water
after
the
operation.
主语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
宾语补足语
一、不定式的句法功能
1.
作主语:
往往放在谓语动词之后,
用it作形式主语。
To
see
is
to
believe.
It
is
right
to
give
up
smoking.
如今掌握一门外语真的很重要。
__________________________is
really
important
nowadays.
放弃吸烟是对的。
__________________is
right.
Grammar不定式的用法
To
master
a
foreign
language
To
give
up
smoking
2.
作宾语:
作宾语时如果还带有宾语补足语,
往往把不
定式放在宾语补足语之后,而用it
作形式宾语。
He
wanted
to
go.
I
find
it
interesting
to
study
English.
Fred
没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。
Fred
didn’t
have
any
money,
so
he
decided
________________.
他答应不告诉任何人这事。
He
promised
not
____________________.
to
look
for
a
job
to
tell
anyone
about
it
3.
作宾语补足语：在feel,
hear,
listen
to,
look
at,
notice,
observe,
see,
watch,
have,
let,
make等词后作宾语补足语时,
不定式不带
to。
He
let
me
do
the
work
with
him.
他让我和他一起做工作。
她叫我待在这儿。
She
asked
me___________.
请允许我介绍怀特先生给你们。
Please
allow
me__________________________.
to
stay
here
to
introduce
Mr.
White
to
you
有些动词后面的不定式不带to，如feel（一感）hear,
listen
to（二听）make,
have,
let（三让）
see,
watch,
notice,
observe（四看）help(半帮助)。
I
heard
them
sing
a
pop
song
.
The
teacher
made
me
answer
the
question.
We
watched
them
play
football
.
【知识拓展】
不定式作宾语补足语省略to
的情况有下列口诀：一感二听三让四看半帮助。但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时,
就必须带上to。
I
often
hear
him
sing
the
song.
He
is
often
heard
to
sing
the
song.
4.
作定语：当作定语的不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作发生的地点、工具等时,
不定式后面必须有相应的介词。
We
found
the
river
dangerous
to
swim
in.
He
is
looking
for
a
room
to
live
in.
当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时,
不定式既可以用主动语态,
也可以用被动语态。但含义有所不同。
试比较：
I’m
going
to
the
market.
I
have
something
to
buy.
我要去集市买一些东西。
I’m
going
to
the
market.
Have
you
anything
to
be
bought？
我要去集市。你有什么东西要（我帮忙）买吗？
5.
作状语：表示目的、
原因、结果。
I
came
here
(in
order)
to
see
you.
We
were
very
excited
to
find
nobody
there.
He
hurried
to
the
station
only
to
find
the
train
had
already
left.
目的
原因
结果
常用于形容词后
和only结合，表示出乎意料的结果
完成句子
She
seemed
surprised
________(meet)
us.
Yesterday
I
went
to
see
him
only
_______（find)
he
had
been
away
on
business.
3.
_______(catch)
the
first
bus
in
the
morning,
he
must
get
up
very
early
every
day.
to
meet
To
catch
【即学即练】
to
find
6.
作表语：
My
job
is
to
help
the
patient.
我的工作是帮助病人。
My
dream
is
to
become
an
outstanding
scientist.
我的梦想是成为一名杰出的科学家。
【名师点津】
不定式作表语侧重于目的，强调动作将要发生。不定
式作表语时，系动词翻译为“是”，不然就成了固定短语“be
to
do…”。
【知识拓展】
A.
动词不定式的否定式只须在to前加
not。
My
father
decided
not
to
take
up
the
job.
The
teacher
told
us
not
to
be
late
again.
B.
带疑问词的动词不定式在to前加疑问词。
Mr.
Lin
will
teach
us
how
to
use
the
computer.
Can
you
tell
me
where
to
get
the
book
C.
作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省去to
后面的动词，只保留to。
A:
Would
you
like
to
come
to
my
party
Mary
wanted
to
use
my
bike,
but
I
asked
her
not
to
(
use
my
bike).
B:
Yes
,
I’d
love
to
(
go
to
your
party).
Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。
【高考链接】
1.
(2016 北京高考)_________(make)
it
easier
to
get
in
touch
with
us,
you’d
better
keep
this
card
at
hand.
2.(2014·陕西高考)_________(work)
out
the
difficult
maths
problem,
I
have
consulted
Professor
Russell
several
times.
不定式作目的状语
To
make
To
work
3.
(2014·山东高考)It’s
standard
practice
for
a
company
like
this
one
__________(employ)
a
security
officer.
动词不定式作真正的主语
to
employ
二、不定式的时态和语态
1.
不定式的一般形式所表示的动作通常与谓语的动作(状态)同时(或几乎同时)发生,
或是在它之后发生。
I
saw
him
go
out.(同时）
I
plan
to
attend
the
meeting.(之后）
2.
如果谓语表示的动作发生时,
不定式表示的动作正在进行,
这时要用进行时。
I
am
very
glad
to
be
working
with
you.
They
seem
to
be
talking
about
something
important.
(不定式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生）
3.
如果不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前,
就要用完成时。
I’m
sorry
to
have
kept
you
waiting
so
long.
He
seems
to
have
seen
the
film.
(不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前）
4.
当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,
不定式一般要用被动形式。
He
asked
to
be
sent
to
work
in
the
countryside.
This
book
was
said
to
have
been
translated
into
many
languages.
1.
All
the
rooms
in
the
house
require
__________（clean)
.
2.
The
news
reporters
hurried
to
the
airport,
only
________(tell)
the
film
star
had
left.
【即学即练】
to
be
cleaned
to
be
told
三、but+不定式的用法
1.
不定式在介词
but,
except后面时,
如果这些介词之前有行为动词do
(非助动词)的各种形式时,
那么这些介词后面的不定式不带to,否则带to。
She
could
do
nothing
but
cry.
I
have
no
choice
but
to
wait.
2.
当句子的谓语动词是can’t,
can’t
help,
can’t
choose
等结构时,
but,
except后的不定式符号to也省略。
can’t
help
doing
=
can’t
help
but
do
sth.
情不自禁做某事，不得不做某事
We
can’t
help
but
admire
his
bravery.
我们情不自禁地赞扬他的勇敢。
We
can’t
choose
but
wait.
我们只能等待。
【即学即练】
完成句子
1.
Mike
could
do
nothing
but
________（admit)to
his
teacher
that
he
was
wrong.
2.
The
students
did
nothing
except
_____(play)
all
day
long.
admit
play
Language
points
1.
concerned
adj.关心的；担心的；有关的
We
were
all
concerned
for/about
his
safety.
我们大家都担心他的安全。
Everyone
concerned
in
it
was
questioned
by
the
police.
与这件事有关的每个人都受到警方的盘问。
【知识归纳】
be
concerned
about/for
关心，挂念
be
concerned
with
与……有关；涉及
as/so
far
as…be
concerned
就……而言
be
concerned
in
牵涉到；与……有关
【知识拓展】
concern
n.
担心
vt.
使关心；使担忧;
牵涉
concerning
prep.
关于
The
speech
which
he
made___________________
bothered
me
greatly.
他所做的与这个项目有关的演讲使我大为烦恼。
2.
______________________,
I’m
not
against
your
plan.
就我而言，我并不反对你的计划。
【即学即练】
concerning
the
project
As
far
as
I
am
concerned
2.
complain
v.抱怨；发牢骚；投诉
He
does
nothing
but
complain.
他除了抱怨之外什么也不做。
【知识拓展】
complain
about/of
抱怨
complain
that…
抱怨……
complain
to
sb.
向某人投诉/抱怨
complaint
n.
诉苦；抱怨；牢骚
make
a
complaint
提出投诉
She
often
complains
about
not
feeling
appreciated
at
work.
她因为感到自己在工作中不受赏识而经常发牢骚。
I.改错。
1.
Sleep
late
in
the
afternoon,
Bob
turned
off
the
alarm.
__________________
2.
Her
wish
is
becoming
a
doctor.
_________________________
Class
exercises
Sleep
改为To
sleep
becoming
改为to
become
3.
With
a
lot
of
problems
to
be
settled,
the
newly-elected
president
is
having
a
hard
time.
_________________
be
settled
改为settle
【解题关键】本题考查with的复合结构，不定式作宾语补足语，优先考虑其和主句中逻辑主语的关系，显然the
newly-elected
president和settle是主动关系，故需用不定式的主动结构。
Tom
took
a
taxi
to
the
airport,
only
_______(find)
his
plane
high
up
in
the
sky.
2.
If
he
takes
on
this
work,
he
will
have
no
choice
but
________(meet)
an
even
greater
challenge.
II.
单句语法填空。
to
find
to
meet
Homework
复习动词不定式的用法
Great
hopes
make
great
man.
远大的希望，造就伟大的人物。Module
4
Sandstorms
in
Asia
Period
4
Integrating
Skills
课堂10分钟达标
Ⅰ.
根据汉语提示写出单词
1.
Nowadays
pe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople
use
too
many_________
(化学药品)in
their
life,
which
is
bad
for
the
living
conditions.
2.
They’ve
made
an_________
(紧急的)request
for
international
aid.
3.
We
should
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
pay
more
attention
to
the
pollution
of
the_________
(大气).
4.
Many
people
are
worried
about
the
pollution
of_________
(环境).
5.
He_________
(抱怨)to
the
manager
about
the
poor
service.
6.
At
the
same
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
time
we
are
taking
measures
to_________
(保护)wild
resources.
7.
It
was_________
(绝对地)impossible
for
him
to
go
abroad
yesterday.
8.
More
and
more
people
are
concerned
about
the_________
(污染的)air.
9.
Do
you
have
any_________
(证据)to
support
this
statement
10.
Her
parents
are
very_________
(担忧)about
her
behavior.
答案：1.
chemicals
2.
urgent
3.
atmosphere
4.
environment
5.
complained
6.
protect
7.
absolutely
8.
polluted
9.
evidence
10.
concerned
Ⅱ.
单句语法填空
1.
The
police
are
anx
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ious
to
hear
any
information____________
(concern)his
whereabouts.
2.
At
present
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
America
is
taking
some
measures
to____________
(strength)the
economy.
【知识拓展】“名词+en”变
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )动词
height
+en→
heighten(
vt.
提高)
threat
+en→
threaten(
vt.
威胁)
strength
+en→
strengthen(
vt.
加强;
加固)
length
+en→
lengthen(
vt.
使变长)
3.
In
the
nursing
profession,
women
are
in
the____________
(major).
4.
What
is
the
most____________
(frighten)experience
you’ve
had
5.
Many
customer
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
made____________
(complain)about
the
bad
service
the
hotel
offered.
答案：1.
concerning
2.
strengthen
3.
majority
4.
frightening
5.
complaints
Ⅲ.
句型转换
1.
Both
diet
and
exercise
affect
blood
pressure.
=Both
diet
and
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )exercise________
________
________
________blood
pressure.
2.
In
my
opinion,
what
he
said
is
not
true
at
all.
=________
________
________
________
________
,
what
he
said
is
not
true
at
all.
3.
It
is
the
most
interesting
novel
I’ve
ever
read.
=I
have
never
read________
________
________
novel.
4.
If
it
is
pos
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sible,
he
wanted
proof
before
he
would
believe
something.
=________
________
,
he
wanted
proof
before
he
would
believe
something.
5.
He
didn’t
like
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
meal
so
he
made
a
complaint
to
the
manager
of
the
restaurant.
=He
didn’t
like
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
meal
so
he________
________
the
manager
of
the
restaurant.
答案：1.
have
an
effect/influence
on
2.
As
far
as
I’m
concerned
3.
a
more
interesting
4.
If
possible
5.
complained
to
Ⅳ.
完成句子
1.
Early
people______
______
______
______
(对……几乎没有多少影响)the
environment.
2.
He
called
the
pol
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ice
because
he______
______
______
(担心)Tim’s
safety.
3.
I
read
the
whole
page
without______
anything______
(理解).
4.
The
lamp
doesn’
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t______
______
(发出)a
lot
of
light,
so
the
classroomis
a
little
dark.
5.
I
must______
______
(仔细查看)these
bills
and
check
them
before
I
pay
them.
答案：1.
had
little
effect
on
2.
was
concerned
about
3.
taking;
in
4.
give
out
5.
look
throughModule
4
Sandstorms
in
Asia
Period
2
Reading
and
Vocabulary
Ⅰ.
完形填空
　　In
the
morning,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Slim
got
up
and
prepared
breakfast
for
his
wife
as
usual.
Nicole,
his
wife
was
listening
to
music
in
the
bedroom.
　1　,
he
felt
that
his
body
was
shaking.
Slim
had
the　2　response
that
there
was
an
earthquake!
He　3　quickly,
“Dear,
earthquake!
Go
to
the
toilet!
”Nicole
heard
the
shouting,
　4　the
first
aid
box
quickly
and
ran
into
the
toilet.
The
house
was　5　even
more
dramatically.
Bathroom
was
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
next
door
to
the
kitchen.
Slim
picked
up
a
kitchen　6　and
two
pieces
of
bread
outside
the
kitchen.
Slim
tried
to
run
along
the
wall
to
help
Nicole.
　7　,
it
got　8　suddenly
with
an
explosion.
The
house　9　down
and
many
things
fell
from
above.
Nicole
was
quickly
buried
in　10　.
She
felt
breathing
very
difficult.
She
tried
to
stand
up,
but　11　.
A
few
minutes
later,
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
land
was　12　.
Nicole
heard
the
sound
of
short　13　and
thought
it
was
Slim!
She
shouted
to
him
but
no　14　!
He
probably
fainted.
Nicole
kept
saying
his
name
and
she
finally
heard
a
response.
Two
people
encouraged
and　15　each
other.
They
knew
that
there
must
be
a
way
to　16　.
Slim
found
that
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y
were
close
and
were　17　by
the
fallen
stones
and
some
powder.
He
started
to
dig
with
the
kitchen
knife.
He
felt　18　from
his
fingers.
Finally,
he
removed
the
last
piece
of
larger
stones.
Slim
touched
Nicole’s
one
hand,
then
dug
the　19　stones
of
her
body.
Finally,
Nicole
had
a　20　breathing
slowly.
Two
people
sat
on
the
ground
and
hugged
together.
【语篇概述】本文描述了在一次地震中,
一对夫妻互相鼓励、相互帮助,
一起战胜困难,
最终幸免于难的感人故事。
1.
A.
Suddenly　　　　　　　
B.
Actually
C.
Unfortunately
D.
Really
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据文意判断,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )大地震的发生是很突然的。suddenly突然地;
actually实际上;
unfortunately不幸地;
really真实地,
确实。
2.
A.
recent　　
B.
rapid　　
C.
second　　
D.
best
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据语境可知,
丈夫反应很快,
马上意识到发生了地震。
3.
A.
warned
B.
frightened
C.
jumped
D.
shouted
【解析】选D。词汇复现题。丈夫大声呼喊,
让
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )妻子到洗手间躲避地震。下文的shouting也有暗示。warn警告,
往往指事情发生之前的行为,
不符合语境。
4.
A.
used
up
B.
found
out
C.
took
up
D.
put
away
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。妻子拿起急救
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )箱,
向洗手间跑去。take
up当“拿起”讲,
符合语境。use
up用光,
耗尽;
find
out找到,
发现;
put
away收藏起来,
储存起来。
5.
A.
burning
B.
shaking
C.
falling
D.
moving
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据语境可知,
房子在地震中剧烈地摇晃起来。
6.
A.
tool
B.
cook
C.
fork
D.
knife
【解析】选D。前后照应题。最后一段有提示,
丈夫用刀子在废墟中挖掘,
寻找妻子。
7.
A.
However
B.
Therefore
C.
Instead
D.
Besides
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。前后是转折关系,
丈夫想帮助妻子,
但突然的爆炸使周围变得漆黑一片。however然而;
therefore因此;
instead作为代替,
反而;
besides而且,
另外。
8.
A.
bright
B.
cloudy
C.
dark
D.
blank
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据后文可知,
突然的爆炸,
使得周围漆黑(dark)一片。其他选项不符合语境。
9.
A.
lay
B.
crashed
C.
broke
D.
bent
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。此处指房子轰然倒塌。crash当“撞碎”讲,
符合语境。break
down的意思是“中断,
分解”。
10.
A.
ruins
B.
ashes
C.
dirt
D.
pieces
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据语境和常
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )识可知答案,
Nicole很快被埋在了废墟中。ruins废墟;
ash灰烬;
dirt尘土;
piece碎片。
11.
A.
senseless
B.
impractical
C.
impossible
D.
invaluable
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。已
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )经被埋,
想站起来是不可能的,
senseless无意义的;
impractical不切实际的;
impossible不可能的;
invaluable非常宝贵的。
12.
A.
normal
B.
usual
C.
flat
D.
silent
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。地震过后一切陷入沉寂。flat平的,
此处强调的是两人的听觉,
而不是视觉,
因此不符合逻辑。normal正常的;
usual平常的;
silent寂静的。
13.
A.
steps
B.
breath
C.
movements
D.
pauses
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。short
breath“短促的呼吸声”,
符合语境。
14.
A.
response
B.
sign
C.
hope
D.
result
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。由下一句“他可能昏过去了”可知,
妻子呼唤丈夫,
但丈夫没有应答。response回应;
sign迹象;
hope希望;
result结果。
15.
A.
touched
B.
held
C.
calmed
D.
called
【解析】选C。前后照应题。跟前面的“鼓励”构成并列关系,
此处只能表示“安慰,
让对方镇静下来”。
16.
A.
relax
B.
communicate
C.
succeed
D.
escape
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据语境可知,
夫
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )妇两人充满信心,
认为他们一定能够逃出去。relax放松;
communicate交流;
succeed成功;
escape逃离。
17.
A.
wrapped
B.
separated
C.
fastened
D.
limited
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据前文“两
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )人挨得很近”可知,
此处强调两人被碎石等隔开。wrap包裹,
缠绕;
separate分开;
fasten系牢;
limit限制。
18.
A.
pain
B.
cold
C.
water
D.
warmth
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。丈夫使劲在废墟中挖掘,
手指都疼了。pain疼痛;
cold寒冷;
water水;
warmth温暖。
19.
A.
sticking
B.
dealing
C.
surrounding
D.
spreading
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。最后丈夫把围在妻子身边的碎石等清理掉。
20.
A.
complete
B.
constant
C.
steady
D.
weak
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。丈夫把妻子从废墟中
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )解救了出来,
因此她的呼吸开始变得平稳。complete完全的;
constant不断的;
steady平稳的;
weak虚弱的。
Ⅱ.
阅读理解
A
Have
you
ever
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
thought
about
leaving
your
apartment
and
digging
yourself
a
nice,
comfortable
hobbit
hole
in
a
hill
Cosmo
and
Elfie’s
family
lives
in
such
a
house
in
a
village
in
Wales.
“Our
round
ho
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )use
is
really
one
big
room.
”Elfie
says.
“It’s
easy
to
talk
to
each
other!
If
Mom
is
cooking
and
I’m
playing
with
my
toys,
we’re
still
in
the
same
place.
”
Cosmo
and
Elfie’s
pare
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts
built
their
unusual
home
using
stone,
mud(泥),
and
wood
from
the
forest
near
their
house
and
recycled
materials.
They
use
solar
energy
for
electricity,
and
their
running
water
is
from
a
nearby
river.
Everything
was
designed
to
work
in
harmony
with(与……协调一致)the
environment.
Cosmo
says
he
prefers
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
their
village
to
an
ordinary
neighborhood
because
it
gives
him
the
freedom
to
run
around
the
fields
and
ride
his
bike
without
worrying
about
traffic.
In
fact,
encouraging
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )other
people
to
live
like
them
is
one
of
the
goals
of
Cosmo’s
family.
They
believe
that
by
growing
their
own
food,
recycling,
and
using
local
sources
for
energy
and
supplies,
they
are
protecting
the
earth
from
further
damage
caused
by
modern
living.
Cosmo
and
Elfie’s
par
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ents
will
soon
begin
to
build
their
third
self-built
woodland
home.
“Mom
and
Dad
are
b
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uilding
a
three-bedroom
hobbit
house
next,
”Elfie
says.
She
says
she
looks
forward
to
living
in
it
when
she
grows
up.
Like
his
sister,
C
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )osmo
also
says
he
plans
to
continue
living
like
a
hobbit
when
he
is
older.
“When
I
grow
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )up,
I
really
would
like
to
live
in
a
round
house,
”Cosmo
says,
“but
I
would
have
more
rooms.
”
【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )了一户在Wales的家庭,
就地取材,
用大自然的资源在山坡上建了自己很满意的家——霍比特屋。用实际行动鼓励人们关注环境变化,
保护地球。
1.
We
can
learn
from
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Paragraph
2
that
Elfie
thinks
their
round
house
is　　　.
A.
nice
B.
safe
C.
noisy
D.
boring
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段的“r
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eally
one
big
room”和“It’s
easy
to
talk
to
each
other!
”可以看出Elfie是在说明这个house的优点,
所以A项正确。B、C、D三项文中没有提到。
2.
Which
of
the
fol
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lowing
words
can
best
describe
the
lifestyle
of
Cosmo
and
Elfie’s
family
A.
Busy.
B.
Hard.
C.
Healthy.
D.
Expensive.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段的第二句“They
use
solar
energy
for
electricity,
and
their
running
water
is
from
a
nearby
river.
”以及“in
harmony
with
the
environment”可知,
Cosmo和Elfie一家生活方式很健康。选项A、B、D在文章中没有体现。
3.
Cosmo
and
Elfie’s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
family
lives
in
a
hobbit-hole-like
house
because
they　　　.
A.
need
more
freedom
B.
want
to
be
special
C.
want
to
protect
the
earth
D.
love
living
in
the
countryside
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据全文大意尤其是第五段的介绍,
这个家庭的目的就是以自己的行动来带动大家保护环境,
保护地球,
因此C项正确。
4.
What’s
the
best
title
for
the
text
A.
How
to
Live
Like
a
Hobbit
B.
How
to
Build
a
Hobbit
House
C.
How
to
Save
Energy
D.
How
to
Escape
from
Modern
Living
【解析】选A。标题归纳题。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文章通过讲述Cosmo和Elfie一家的生活状态,
说明他们如何像霍比特人一样生活。本题可以用排除法。文章只是提及了建屋所用的材料,
并没有讲怎么建,
排除B项。C项如何节省能源不是文章的重点。文章不是讲怎么去逃离现代生活,
而是在讲另外一种环保的生活方式,
故排除D项。
B
Some
scientists
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
say
that
animals
in
the
oceans
are
increasingly
threatened(威胁)by
noise
pollution
caused
by
human
beings.
The
noise
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at
affects
sea
creatures
comes
from
a
number
of
human
activities.
It
is
caused
mainly
by
industrial
underwater
explosions,
ocean
drilling,
and
ship
engines.
Such
noises
are
added
to
natural
sounds.
These
sounds
include
the
breaking
of
ice
fields,
underwater
earthquakes,
and
sounds
made
by
animals
themselves.
Decibels(分贝)measured
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
water
are
different
from
those
measured
on
land.
A
noise
of
one
hundred
and
twenty
decibels
on
land
causes
pain
to
human
ears.
In
water,
a
decibel
level
of
one
hundred
and
ninety-five
would
have
the
same
effect.
Some
scientists
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )have
suggested
setting
a
noise
limit
of
one
hundred
and
twenty
decibels
in
oceans.
They
have
observed
that
noises
at
that
level
can
frighten
and
confuse
whales.
A
team
of
American
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and
Canadian
scientists
discovered
that
louder
noises
can
seriously
injure
some
animals.
The
research
team
found
that
powerful
underwater
explosions(爆炸)were
causing
whales
in
the
area
to
lose
their
hearing.
This
seriously
affected
the
whales’
ability
to
exchange
information
and
find
their
way.
Some
of
the
whales
even
died.
The
explosions
had
caused
their
ears
to
bleed(流血)and
become
infected.
Many
researchers
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
whose
work
depends
on
ocean
sounds
are
against
a
limit
of
one
hundred
and
twenty
decibels.
They
say
such
a
limit
would
mean
an
end
to
important
industrial
and
scientific
research.
Scientists
do
not
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
know
how
much
and
what
kinds
of
noises
are
harmful
to
ocean
animals.
However,
many
scientists
suspect(怀疑)that
noise
is
a
greater
danger
than
they
believed.
They
want
to
prevent
noises
from
harming
creatures
in
the
ocean.
【语篇概述】噪音是工业革命不断发展的弊端之一,
它不仅影响了人类,
现在海洋里的生物也遭受人类噪音带来的不良后果,
甚至还会因此丧命。
5.
According
to
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
passage,
which
of
the
following
is
increasingly
dangerous
to
sea
creatures
A.
The
noises
of
human
activities.
B.
The
noises
made
by
themselves.
C.
The
sound
of
earthquakes.
D.
The
sound
of
the
ice-breaking.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段可知,
现在海洋里的生物越来越受到人类噪音的威胁。
6.
Which
of
the
following
is
discussed
in
the
third
paragraph
A.
Different
places
with
different
types
of
noises.
B.
Human
ears
sensitive
to
all
types
of
noises.
C.
The
same
noise
measured
differently
on
land
and
in
the
ocean.
D.
The
ocean
animals’
reaction
to
noises.
【解析】选C。段落大意题。这一段主要讲了陆地上和海洋里测量的分贝有所不同。
7.
According
to
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
passage,
what
will
scientists
most
probably
do
in
the
future
A.
They
will
try
their
best
to
stop
industry
in
the
ocean.
B.
They
will
pass
laws
to
reduce
ocean
noise
pollution.
C.
They
will
study
the
effect
of
different
noises.
D.
They
will
protect
animals
from
harmful
noises.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的最后一句可知,
科学家们想阻止噪音伤害海洋里的生物。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在阅读理解A中找出下列单词和短语,
写出它们的意义
1.
dig　　　　　　　　　
vt.
__________
2.
unusual
adj.
_________
3.
recycled
adj.
_________
4.
harmony
n.
_________
5.
supplies
n.
_________
6.
protect.
.
.
from.
.
.
_________
7.
look
forward
to
_________
答案：1.
挖
2.不寻常的
3.回收的
4.
和谐
5.生活必需品
6.保护……免遭……
7.
期待(共45张PPT)
Module
4　Sandstorms
in
Asia
Grammar　
动词不定式及but用于动词不定式结构
【新知导引】
用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.
If
there’s
a
lot
of
work
_____(do),
I’m
happy
to
just
keep
on
until
it
is
finished.
2.
My
parents
have
always
made
me
____
(feel)
well
about
myself,
even
when
I
was
twelve.
3.
Lots
of
empty
bottles
were
found
under
the
old
man’s
bed.
He
must
have
done
nothing
but
_____
(drink).
to
do
feel
drink
4.
Sandstorms
in
China
appear
_______________(increase)
in
recent
years
as
a
result
of
“desertification”.
5.
We
cannot
help
but
_______
(admire)
his
courage.
to
have
increased
admire
【知识详解】
一.
动词不定式
1.
动词不定式的形式。
不定式的一般式(表示不定式的动作通常与谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生)
to
do(主动)
to
be
done(被动)
不定式的进行式(表示不定式的动作正在进行且与谓语动作同时发生)
to
be
doing(主动)
不定式的完成式(表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前)
to
have
done(主动)
to
have
been
done(被动)
I’m
glad
to
meet
you.
见到你我很高兴。(动词不定式表示主动且其表示的动作与谓语所表示的状态同时进行)
I’d
like
to
be
told
what’s
going
on.
我希望被告知正在发生什么。(动词不定式表示的动作与主语之间是被动关系，且与谓语动作同时发生)
He
is
said
to
be
studying
abroad
but
I
don’t
know
which
country
it
is.
据说他正在国外学习，但我不知道是哪个国家。(动词不定式表示动作正在进行)
They
seem
to
have
cleaned
the
house.
他们好像已经打扫了这个房子。(动词不定式表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前且与主语是主动关系)
The
factory
is
reported
to
have
been
burnt
down.
据报道这个工厂已经被烧毁了。(动词不定式表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前且与主语是被动关系)
【名师点津】
①在intended，expected，hoped，promised，wanted，wished，thought等后用动词不定式的完成式，表示过去没有实现的愿望、期待或计划等。
I
hoped
to
have
finished
the
work
earlier．
我本希望早点儿完成那项工作。
②在seem,
appear,
think,
consider,
believe等表示看法与想法的动词后用动词不定式的完成式，表示该动作先于另一个动作发生。此结构也常用以it作形式主语的结构代替。
He
seems
to
have
bought
the
new
book．
=It
seems
that
he
has
bought
the
new
book.
他好像已买了那本新书。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①He
wants
______________.
他想学英语。
②She
happened
__________________
when
I
came
in.
当我进来的时候，她碰巧正在写一封信。
③The
novel
was
said
to
__________________.
据说那部小说已经出版了。
to
study
English
to
be
writing
a
letter
have
been
published
2.
动词不定式的语法功能。
(1)作主语：当动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语,
把不定式后置。
To
develop
good
habits
is
very
important.
=It
is
very
important
to
develop
good
habits.
养成好习惯很重要。(动词不定式作主语)
(2)作表语：
①不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。
②如果主语是不定式(表示条件)，表语也是不定式(表示结果)。
③如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或是what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语对主语起补充说明作用。
My
job
is
to
drive
them
to
the
company
every
day.
我的工作就是每天开车送他们去公司。(动词不定式作表语)
(3)作宾语：
Do
you
want
to
visit
the
Great
Wall 你想参观长城吗？(动词不定式作宾语)
【巧学助记】巧记用动词不定式作宾语的动词
三个希望两答应:
hope,
wish,
want,
agree,
promise
两个要求莫拒绝：demand,
ask,
refuse
设法学会作决定：manage,
learn,
decide
不要假装在选择：pretend,
choose
(4)作宾语补足语：
The
teacher
advised
us
to
have
a
rest
first.
老师建议我们先休息。(动词不定式作宾语补足语)
【名师点津】①在“一感(feel)二听(hear,
listen
to)三让(let,
have,
make)四看(observe,
see,
watch,
look
at)”等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式不带to,
但当以上动词用于被动语态时要带to。
②help后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时，动词不定式可带to也可不带to。
(5)作定语：
Liu
Yang
was
the
first
woman
astronaut
to
be
sent
into
space
in
China.
在中国刘洋是第一位飞上太空的女航天员。(动词不定式作定语)
【名师点津】①动词不定式作定语时要放在被修饰词的后面。
②在the
first/second.
.
.
last(+n.
)的后面要用动词不定式作定语。
(6)作状语：
She
reads
China
Daily
every
day
to
improve
her
English.
为了提高英语水平，她每天读《中国日报》。(动词不定式作目的状语，此时相当于in
order
to
或so
as
to。so
as
to不能位于句首)
He
is
too
weak
to
do
the
work.
他身体太弱了不能做这项工作。(动词不定式作结果状语)
【名师点津】①“too.
.
.
to.
.
.
”结构常表示“太……而不能”，但too之前如果有only,
此时不定式表肯定。因为only
too
表示“非常，很”。
②too后如果是happy,
glad之类的形容词时，不定式也表肯定意义。
③“形容词/副词＋enough＋不定式”结构中，动词不定式也表示结果。
④动词不定式还可表示意外的结果。
They
are
only
too
lucky
to
go
abroad
for
a
visit.
他们很幸运去国外访问。
He
hurried
to
see
his
girlfriend,
only
to
find
she
had
left.
他匆忙去见他的女朋友，结果却发现她已经离开了。
(7)疑问词+不定式结构：
疑问词who，what，which，when，where和how后加不定式可构成一种特殊的不定式短语。它在句中可以用作主语、表语或宾语。例如:
When
to
start
has
not
been
decided.
何时动身尚未决定。(主语)
The
difficulty
was
how
to
cross
the
river.
困难在于如何过河。(表语)
I
can
tell
you
where
to
get
this
book.
我可以告诉你哪里可以买到此书。(宾语)
【思维延伸】动词不定式的主动形式表被动意义
(1)动词不定式作定语与被修饰词构成动宾关系，同时与句中另一名词或代词有逻辑上的主谓关系时。
We
have
masses
of
work
to
do
today．Hurry
up！
今天，我们有很多工作要做。快点儿！
(2)在“be
+性质形容词+动词不定式”结构中。
The
water
is
not
fit
to
drink，so
hold
out
until
we
get
to
a
shop.
这水不能喝。坚持住，我们会找到商店的。
(3)动词不定式与疑问代词连用时。
What
to
do
next
hasn’t
been
decided.
下一步该做什么还没有决定。
(4)在“be
to
blame”中常用主动形式表示被动意义。
I
felt
I
was
to
blame
for
this
bicycle
accident.
我觉得这次自行车事故怪我。
(5)当动词不定式的逻辑主语不清楚或不是句子的主语时，此时主动和被动结构都可用，而且在语意上并没有多大区别。
He
is
the
very
man
to
choose/to
be
chosen
for
the
work．
他正是这项工作的最佳人选。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①Many
graduates
want
_________to
Tibet.
许多大学毕业生想被分配到西藏去。
②It
is
a
good
thing
for
him
____________________.
他受到批评是件好事。
③He
didn’t
know
________________.
他不知道该怎样回答她。
to
be
sent
to
have
been
criticized
how
to
answer
her
二.
but用于不定式结构
but作连词，意为“除了”时可以用于不定式结构。
1.
用于cannot
but，cannot
choose
but，cannot
help
but等短语后，其不定式通常不带to。这些短语相当于have
to。
can’t
help
but
do.
.
.
(不得不做……;
不可能不做某事)；can’t
but
do.
.
.
(禁不住，情不自禁……)
I
couldn’t
choose
but
speak
the
truth.
我不能不说真话。
2.
当but(表示“除……之外”)前有实义动词do的某种形式时，其后的不定式通常不带to。其他情况下不定式通常都要带to。
There
was
nothing
to
do
but
wait
till
he
came
back.
没什么事可干了，除了等他回来。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①他允许我们用他的电脑。
He
allows
us
_____
his
computer.
②我经常听到他拉小提琴。
I
often
hear
him
_____________.
③除了等待之外，我别无选择。
I
have
no
choice
but
______.
to
use
play
the
violin
to
wait
【典题研习】
用所给动词的适当形式填空
(2014·北京高考)There
are
still
many
problems________
(solve)before
we
are
ready
for
a
long
stay
on
the
moon.
【思路演示】
分析句式:
句子的主要成分是There
are
still
many
problems,
空格处在句中作定语修饰名词problems。
理清句意:
在我们准备长期待在月球上之前,
仍然有许多问题要去解决。
抓取关键:
关键看still这个词,
表示动作发生在将来;
根据problems和solve的关系可知用被动语态。根据非谓语动词作定语的规则:
现在分词表示主动和正在发生;
过去分词表示被动和完成;
不定式表示将要发生。
断定答案:
to
be
solved。
【即学活用】
1.
(2015·福建高考)________(learn)more
about
Chinese
culture,
Jack
has
decided
to
take
Chinese
folk
music
as
an
elective
course.
【解析】To
learn。考查非谓语动词。句意:
为了了解更多的关于中国文化的知识,
杰克已决定把中国民乐作为选修课。不定式表示目的。
2.
(2015·北京高考)________(catch)the
early
flight,
we
ordered
a
taxi
in
advance
and
got
up
very
early.
【解析】To
catch。考查非谓语动词。句意:
为了赶上早班飞机,
我们提前订了出租车并且起得很早。根据句意和结构可知,
应该用不定式作目的状语。
3.
(2014·江西高考)He
is
thought________
(act)foolishly.
Now
he
has
no
one
but
himself
to
blame
for
losing
the
job.
【解析】to
have
acted。句意:
他被认为举止愚蠢。现在除了他自己没人为他失去这份工作负责。be
thought后应该接不定式,
act的动作发生在think动作之前,
故应该用不定式的完成式。
4.
(2014·山东高考)It’s
standard
practice
for
a
company
like
this
one________
(employ)a
security
officer.
【解析】to
employ。句意:
对于一个像这样的公司来说,
雇用一个保安是常规做法。句中的it是形式主语,
to
employ
a
security
officer是真正的主语。
5.
(2014·天津高考)Anxiously,
she
took
the
dress
out
of
the
package
and
tried
it
on,
only________
(find)it
didn’t
fit.
【解析】to
find。句意:
她急切地从包装袋里拿出裙子,
试穿了一下,
结果发现它不合身。根据句子的前半句“Anxiously,
she
took
the
dress
out
of.
.
.
”可知她是焦急地拿出裙子,
这与“.
.
.
it
didn’t
fit.
”联系可知是出现了意料之外的结果,
故用only
to
do形式。
【真题备选】
1.
(2014·湖南高考)________
(free)ourselves
from
the
physical
and
mental
tensions,
we
each
need
deep
thought
and
inner
quietness.
【解析】To
free。句意:
为了避免身体上和精神上的紧张,
我们每一个人都需要沉思和内心的寂静。此处用不定式表目的。
2.
(2014·陕西高考)________
(work)the
difficult
maths
problem,
I
have
consulted
Professor
Russell
several
times.
【解析】To
work
out。句意:
为了解出那道数学难题,
我去向Russell教授咨询过好几次。所填词作目的状语,
用动词不定式。
3.
(2014·四川高考)—I
hope
to
take
the
computer
course.
—Good
idea.
________
(find)more
about
it,
visit
this
website.
【解析】To
find
out。句意:
——我希望学习电脑。——好主意。为了了解更多,
(你)去访问一下这个网站。此处动词不定式位于句首作目的状语,
意为“为了”。
4.
(2013·山东高考)I
stopped
the
car________
(take)a
short
break
as
I
was
feeling
tired.
【解析】to
take。句意:
我感到累了,
因此停下车休息了一小会儿。to
do不定式在句中作目的状语。
5.
(2013·四川高考)The
airport________
(complete)next
year
will
help
promote
tourism
in
this
area.
【解析】to
be
completed。句意:
明年将要完工的机场会有助于促进这一地区的旅游业发展。根据时间状语next
year可知表示将要被完成,
用不定式的被动形式。
6.
(2013·重庆高考)The
engine
just
won’t
start.
Something
seems________
(go)wrong
with
it.
【解析】to
have
gone。句意:
发动机无法启动。看起来它出了些问题。sb.
/sth.
seems加不定式,
为固定句式,
常指“似乎发生了什么”。而此处故障已经发生了,
故使用to
have
gone。
7.
(2013·湖南高考)________
(stay)warm
at
night,
I
would
fill
the
woodstove,
then
set
my
alarm
clock
for
midnight
so
I
could
refill
it.
【解析】To
stay。句意:
为了在晚上保持温暖,
我会往炉子里添柴,
并把闹钟定到午夜以便我可以起来给炉火添柴。to
stay为不定式在句中作目的状语。
8.
(2012·山东高考)George
returned
after
the
war,
only________
(tell)that
his
wife
had
left
him.
【解析】to
be
told。句意:
乔治战后归来,
却被告知他的妻子已经离他而去。only
to
be
told表示出乎意料的结果,
George与tell之间是被动关系,
故用to
be
told。
9.
(2014·重庆高考)Group
activities
will
be
organized
after
class________
(help)children
develop
team
spirit.
【解析】to
help。动词不定式表示目的。
10.
(2013·北京高考)Volunteering
gives
you
a
chance________
(change)lives,
including
your
own.
【解析】to
change/of
changing。句意:
志愿服务给你一个改变生活的机会,
包括你自己的生活。题干中已经有谓语动词gives,
故只能用非谓语形式,
chance后往往接of
doing
sth.
或to
do
sth.
,
即,
give
sb.
a
chance
to
do
sth.
/of
doing
sth.
给某人做某事的机会。(共72张PPT)
Module
4　Sandstorms
in
Asia
Introduction
&
Reading
and
Vocabulary
　
Ⅰ.
根据音标和词义写出下列单词
1.
_____
(adj.
)大量的;
大规模的
2.
_________
(n.
)战役;
活动
3.
_______
(n.
)进程;
过程
4.
____
(n.
)沙尘;
灰尘
5.
_____
(n.
)面罩
mass
campaign
process
dust
mask
Ⅱ.
写出黑体单词在句子中的含义
1.
A
sandstorm
is
a
strong
wind
in
a
desert
area,
which
carries
sand
through
the
air.
(
)
2.
That
city
is
not
a
coastal(沿海的)
city
but
an
inland
city.
(
)
3.
He
threw
it
forward
with
all
his
strength.
(
)
沙尘暴
内陆的
力气
4.
The
teacher
forecast
that
15
of
his
pupils
would
pass
the
examination.
(
)
5.
It
was
a
very
frightening
experience
and
they
were
very
courageous.
(
)
6.
All
the
citizens
must
follow
the
rules
of
the
city.
(
)
7.
She
has
decided
to
cycle
to
work,
so
she
wants
to
buy
a
new
bike.
(
)
预测
吓人的
市民
骑自行车
Ⅲ.
根据语境猜测黑体短语的含义
1.
There
is
pollution
in
most
places
partly
because
of
having
cut
down
too
many
trees.
(
)
2.
I
was
caught
in
a
heavy
rain
yesterday,
as
a
result
I
was
late
for
the
visit
of
the
gallery.
(
)
3.
When
the
meeing
was
over,
we
went
out
of
the
room
one
after
another.
(
)
4.
He
was
digging
up
the
tree
to
move
it.
(
)
砍倒
突然遇上
一个接一个地
挖出，掘出
Ⅳ.
根据语境及汉语提示写出相应的短语
1.
The
____________has
more
sandstorms
than
the
one
near
the
sea.
(内陆地区)
2.
Everyone
has
duty
to
_________the
environment.
(关注)
3.
What
would
you
do
______________ (在这种形势下)
inland
region
look
after
in
this
situation
4.
Sandstorms
have
been
a
_____________for
many
Asian
countries
for
centuries.
(主要的灾难)
5.
In
our
city,
a
______________has
been
started
to
reduce
pollution.
(大规模的运动)
6.
Did
you
experience
a
terrible
sandstorm
_________ (小时候)
major
disaster
mass
campaign
as
a
child
7.
That
morning
I
__________my
flooded
bedroom.
(醒来发觉；认识
到，意识到)
8.
There
is
too
much
dust
on
the
floor
of
our
bedroom,
please
______
it
_____.
(扫除，扫掉)
woke
up
to
sweep
away
Ⅰ.
速读文章完成下列习题
1.
What
is
the
best
description
about
a
sandstorm
according
to
the
passage
A.
It
is
a
major
disaster
for
many
Asian
countries
for
centuries.
B.
It
is
a
strong
wind
carrying
sand.
C.
It
is
a
way
to
cause
land
to
become
desert.
D.
It
is
a
kind
of
natural
disaster
that
can’t
be
treated.
2.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
passage
A.
a
Major
Disaster
for
Many
Asian
Countries
B.
A
World
Disaster
C.
A
Major
Disaster
and
Ways
to
Deal
With
This
Problem
in
Many
Asian
Countries
D.
Try
to
Solve
This
Problem
Ⅱ.
细读文章并选出最佳答案
1.
When
sandstorms
happen,
what
will
you
wear
if
you
go
out
A.
A
hat.
B.
A
coat.
C.
A
mask.
D.
A
tie.
2.
How
many
kilometres
is
the
desert
away
to
the
west
of
Beijing
A.
350.
B.
250.
C.
150.
D.
200.
3.
Which
statement
is
WRONG
A.
People
sometimes
can’t
forecast
the
strength
of
a
storm.
B.
The
government
plans
to
continue
planting
trees
for
the
next
ten
years.
C.
Northwest
China
is
part
of
the
sandstorm
center
in
Central
Asia.
D.
Sandstorms
sometimes
affect
Beijing.
4.
According
to
the
text,
we
can
learn
that
sandstorms　　　.
A.
cause
people
to
buy
more
masks
B.
are
difficult
to
deal
with
C.
are
not
dangerous
but
frightening
D.
will
disappear
within
five
years
Ⅲ.
复读文章并完成短文
　　Sandstorms
which
begin
in
1.
______
areas
are
strong,
dry
winds
that
carry
sand.
The
wind
is
strong
enough
to
move
sand
2.
______.
Sandstorms
mainly
occur
in
four
places
in
the
world
including
3.
_______
Asia,
with
4.
_________
China
as
the
center.
Sandstorms
have
increased
in
recent
years
as
a
result
of
5.
_____________.
Beijing
is
sometimes
affected
by
sandstorms.
They
affect
the
city’s
6.
______
because
the
thick
dust
makes
it
difficult
to
see.
Sandstorms
can
desert
dunes
Central
Northwest
desertification
traffic
be
7.
_______
some
weeks
before,
but
the
8.
________
of
the
storm
sometimes
surprises
people.
When
a
sandstorm
occurs,
weather
experts
advise
people
not
to
go
out,
they
have
to
wear
a
9.
_____
because
it’s
difficult
to
10.
_______
and
the
dust
makes
people
ill.
To
prevent
sandstorms
from
coming
nearer,
the
government
of
Beijing
is
planting
trees.
forecast
strength
mask
breathe
【读而后思】
As
far
as
you
are
concerned,
what
are
the
causes
of
sandstorm
___________________________
_______________________
______________________________
______________________________
__________________________________
_____________________
___________________________
①cutting
down
too
many
trees;
②desertification(沙漠化);
③high
temperature
and
little
rain;
④serious
air
and
water
pollution;

⑤the
growing
population
of
the
world;
⑥improper
use
of
land;
⑦rapid
spread
of
urbanization
1.
frightening
adj.
吓人的；可怕的
It
has
lasted
for
ten
hours
and
was
very
frightening.
它(沙尘暴)持续了十个小时，真是太可怕了。
I
can’t
forget
that
frightening
experience.
我无法忘记那段令人恐惧的经历。
【归纳拓展】
(1)frighten
vt.
(使)惊恐
frighten
sb.
into
doing
sth.
吓唬某人做某事
frighten
sb.
out
of
doing
sth.
吓唬某人使其不敢做某事
(2)frightened
adj.
感到恐惧的；害怕的
be
frightened
at/of
害怕……；对……感到恐惧
be
frightened
to
do
sth.
害怕去做某事
You
needn’t
be
frightened
at
the
dog.
你不必怕那条狗。
【名师点津】
　　frightening意为“令人恐惧的；可怕的”，一般用于指事物。frightened意为“受惊的，害怕的”，一般修饰人，表示人的感受。
【即学活用】用frighten的适当形式填空。
①The
big
earthquake
was
very
__________.
这场大地震非常可怕。
②The
little
boy
was
_________
by
the
fierce
dog.
那个小孩被恶狗吓坏了。
③Nothing
can
_______
this
fearless
boy.
什么也吓不住这个勇敢的男孩。
frightening
frightened
frighten
④(2015·本溪高一检测)The
robber
said
in
a________
voice
and
the
students
felt________
.
A.
frightening;
frightened
B.
frightened;
frightening
C.
frightened;
frightened
D.
frightening;
frightening
【解析】选A。考查形容词辨析。句意:
盗贼说话的声音令人害怕,
学生们十分恐惧。frightening令人害怕的;
frightened感到害怕的。故选A。
2.
cut
down
砍倒；缩减，减少
Do
not
cut
down
the
tree
that
gives
you
shade.
[谚]遮荫之树不可砍。
I
haven’t
given
up
smoking
but
I’m
cutting
down.
我没有戒烟，但是吸烟少了。
【归纳拓展】
cut
in
插嘴，打断
cut
off
切断，阻断，隔绝
cut
out
剪除，切掉，删除
cut
up
切碎
Don’t
try
to
cut
in
while
others
are
talking.
别人谈话时不要插嘴。
He
was
cut
off
from
his
fellows.
他和同伴失去了联系。
【即学活用】用cut的短语完成句子。
①The
heavy
wind
______
the
wire.
大风刮断了电线。
②The
doctor
told
me
to
______
meat
for
my
fat.
由于肥胖，大夫叫我停止吃肉。
③I
wish
you
would
not
_____
when
I’m
speaking.
我在说话的时候，希望你不要插嘴。
④______
the
carrot
before
you
put
them
into
the
pot.
把胡萝卜切碎后再放进锅内。
cut
off
cut
out
cut
in
Cut
up
⑤(2013·陕西高考)My
uncle
hasn’t
been
able
to
quit
smoking,
but
at
least
he
has________
.
A.
cut
out
　
B.
cut
down
C.
cut
up
D.
cut
off
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
我叔叔一直没能把烟戒掉,
但是至少他吸烟少了。cut
out停止运转,
删去;
cut
down砍倒,
缩减;
cut
up切碎;
cut
off切断,
切除。根据句意,
应选B。
3.
be
caught
in
突然遭遇(风暴等)
“To
have
been
caught
in
a
sandstorm
was
a
terrible
experience,
”
he
said.
“遭遇沙尘暴真是一个可怕的经历，”他说。
He
was
caught
in
a
traffic
jam
this
morning.
今天上午他遇上了堵车。
【归纳拓展】
be/get
caught
up
in
热衷于……，着迷于……；牵连，卷入
catch
sb.
doing
sth.
发现/撞见某人正在做某事
be
caught
doing
sth.
被撞见做某事
He
looked
around
and
caught
a
man
putting
his
hand
into
the
pocket
of
a
passenger.
他环顾四周，发现一个男人正把手伸进一个乘客的口袋。
The
boys
were
caught
fishing
out
of
season.
这群男孩在禁捕季节捕鱼被人抓住了。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①He
always
_______________his
own
work.
他总是埋头于自己的工作。
②We
_____________the
thundershower
yesterday.
昨天我们遇到了雷阵雨。
③She
__________________in
the
exam.
她考试作弊被抓到了。
gets
caught
up
in
were
caught
in
was
caught
cheating
4.
strength
n.
力量，力气；意志力；长处
The
Chinese
Central
Weather
Station
can
forecast
a
sandstorm
some
weeks
before
it
arrives
in
Beijing,
but
the
strength
of
the
storm
sometimes
surprises
people.
沙尘暴在来到北京之前几周中央气象台就能预测到，但是它的强度有时让人非常吃惊。
I
have
hardly
enough
strength
left
to
move
my
feet.
我连移动双脚的力气都几乎没有了。
【归纳拓展】
(1)have
the
strength
to
do
有做……的力气/意志力
build
up
one’s
strength
增强体力
with
all
one’s
strength
尽全力
(2)strengthen
v.
加强
strong
adj.
强壮的
A
famous
player
must
build
up
his
strength.
一个著名的运动员必须增强他的力量。
【易混辨析】
strength
强调“体力,
力量,
力气”
force
指武力,
暴力。表示“力量”时,
指人或事物撞击时所用的力,
其复数形式常指“兵力,
军队”
power
指“能力,
权力”,
着重指行动所根据的能力(本领)或职权
energy
主要指人的精力、活力,
也指自然界的能量
【思维延伸】(1)strength表示“优势”时,
其反义词是weakness,
均常用其复数形式。
(2)strength的动词是在其后加后缀-en,
即strengthen。我们已学过的加后缀-en的词有shorten,
widen,
deepen,
lengthen等。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①You
must
____________________
after
your
recovery.
你在病愈后必须要增强体力。
②I
don’t
_______________
to
do
that
again.
我已经没有力气再那样做了。
build
up
your
strength
have
the
strength
③(2012·福建高考)—Why
do
you
choose
to
work
in
an
international
travel
agency
—Well,
you
know,
English
is
my________
.
So
it
is
my
best
choice.
A.
strength　　　B.
talent　　　C.
ability　　　D.
skill
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
——你为什么选择在国际旅行社工作 ——噢,
你知道,
英语是我的强项。因此这是我最好的选择。A项strength长处;
B项talent才华,
天赋;
C项ability能力;
D项skill技能。故选A。
5.
Sandstorms
in
China
appear
to
have
increased
in
recent
years
as
a
result
of“desertification”.
近些年来沙漠化导致的沙尘暴在中国似乎有所增加。
【句式分析】
　　本句中appear
to
have
done为不定式的完成式,
表示一个更早的动作,
发生在主要动词所表示的动作之前。其中appear意为“似乎,
好像”。
He
appeared
to
have
caught
a
cold.
他似乎得了感冒。
They
appear
to
have
misunderstood
me.
他们似乎误解了我。
【名师点津】
表示“似乎，好像”时，seem和appear一样，也可以用于上述结构。
I
seem
to
have
lost
my
car
keys.
我好像把汽车钥匙给弄丢了。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①She
____________________an
athlete.
她看起来当过运动员。
②______________
that
you
are
all
mistaken.
我觉得你们全搞错了。
appeared
to
have
been
It
appears
to
me
③I’d
rather
read
than
watch
television;
the
programs
appear________
all
the
time.
A.
to
get
worse
B.
to
be
getting
worse
C.
to
have
got
worse
D.
getting
worse
【解析】选B。句意:
我宁愿看书也不愿看电视,
电视节目好像越来越差了。动词appear后应接不定式作宾语;
词组all
the
time的意思是“始终、一直”,
相当于continuously,
因此句中相应的动词要用进行时。
6.
The
storms
sometimes
continue
all
day
and
traffic
moves
very
slowly
because
the
thick
dust
makes
it
difficult
to
see.
暴风有时会持续一整天,
车辆开得很慢,
因为浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。
【句式分析】
(1)这是一个并列复合句，and连接两个并列分句，because引导一个原因状语从句。
(2)句中makes
it
difficult
to
see中的make是使役动词，意为“使(某人或某物处于某种状态)”，其中it为形式宾语，difficult为宾语补足语，不定式短语to
see为真正的宾语。make常用结构为：make
it
＋adj.
/
n．(for
sb.
)
to
do.
.
.
。
The
heavy
snow
made
it
impossible
for
them
to
get
there
on
time.
这场大雪使得他们不可能按时到达那儿。
He
makes
it
a
rule
to
recite
a
poem
every
morning.
他把每天早晨背诵一首诗作为一个习惯。
【名师点津】
(1)作形式宾语的词只能使用代词it。
(2)it作形式宾语时，后面的宾语补足语除了形容词外还可以使用名词。
I
make
it
my
duty
to
help
others
with
their
English.
我把帮助别人学习英语当作我的职责。
【归纳拓展】
it作形式宾语的情况还用在下面句式中：feel/think/believe/find/consider+it＋adj.
/n.
＋(for
sb.
)
to
do
/
that.
.
.
【即学活用】完成句子。
①Tom’s
illness
made
________________________
the
work
on
time.
汤姆病了,
使得我们不可能按时完成这项工作。
②The
heavy
rain
________________________________________
survivors
in
a
passenger
ship
which
sunk
in
Yangtze
River
on
June
1.
大雨使得救援队伍挽救在6月1日沉在长江的客轮中的幸存者更加困难。
it
impossible
for
us
to
finish
made
it
more
difficult
for
rescue
teams
to
save
③(2015·资阳高一检测)We
have
made________
clear
that
we
are
strongly
against
smoking
in
the
office.
A.
this
B.
that
C.
it
D.
one
【解析】选C。考查it作形式宾语。句意:
我们已经明确了我们强烈反对在办公室吸烟(的态度)。在“make
it+adj.
+that从句”中,
that引导的是宾语从句,
it是形式宾语,
故选C项。
④The
chairman
thought　　　necessary
to
invite
Professor
Smith
to
speak
at
the
meeting.
A.
that
B.
it
C.
this
D.
him
【解析】选B。考查代词。句意:
主席认为邀请史密斯教授在会上演讲是必要的。根据句意和句子结构可知,
此处it作形式宾语,
真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。
【要点拾遗】
1.
mass
adj.
大量的；大规模的
In
China,
a
mass
campaign
has
been
started
to
help
solve
it.
中国开展了一场大规模的运动以助于解决这个问题。
Their
latest
product
is
aimed
at
the
mass
market.
他们的最新产品瞄准了大众市场。
【归纳拓展】
masses
of/a
mass
of
大量；许多
the
mass
of
大多数；大部分
the
masses
群众；平民
There
were
masses
of
dark
clouds
in
the
sky.
天上有很多乌云。
We
must
believe
in
and
rely
on
the
masses.
我们必须相信和依靠群众。
【名师点津】
a
mass
of/masses
of后可跟可数名词复数或不可数名词，且谓语动词与该名词的数保持一致。
【思维延伸】表示“许多”的短语
【即学活用】完成句子。
①After
harvest
we
will
have
____________.
秋收后,
我们将获得大量稻谷。
②We
must
keep
in
close
contact
with
__________.
我们必须密切联系群众。
③We
are
going
to
begin
_______________
against
the
pollution
of
the
environment.
我们准备开展一场大规模的反对污染环境的运动。
a
mass
of
rice
the
masses
a
mass
campaign
④The
young
dancers
looked
so
charming
in
their
beautiful
clothes
that
we
took　　　pictures
of
them.
A.
many
of
B.
masses
of
C.
the
number
of
D.
a
large
amount
of
【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意:
那些年轻的舞者穿着漂亮的衣服,
看上去那么迷人,
我们给她们拍了许多照片。many修饰可数名词复数时不用of,
故A不可选。number用来表示“大量、很多”时,
应为a
number
of,
故C不可选。a
large
amount
of用来修饰不可数名词,
故D也不可选。B项masses
of后可跟可数名词复数。
2.
prevent
vt.
阻止，防止
To
prevent
it
coming
nearer,
the
government
is
planting
trees.
为了防止沙漠的逼近，政府正在植树。
Nobody
can
prevent
him
from
running
the
risk.
没有人能够阻止他去冒险。
【归纳拓展】
stop
sb.
(from)
doing
sth.
keep
sb.
from
doing
sth.
Why
not
stop
them
(from)
polluting
the
river
为什么不阻止他们污染这条河呢？
阻止某人做某事
【名师点津】
　　主动句中prevent/stop.
.
.
from.
.
.
中的
from
可省略，在被动句中from
不可省略，而keep.
.
.
from中的from无论在主动句还是被动句中都不能省略。
The
heavy
rain
prevented/stopped
us(from)
going
out.
＝We
were
prevented/stopped/kept
from
going
out
by
the
heavy
rain.
大雨使我们不能出去。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①Nothing
can
_____________________________.
什么都不能阻止他离开。
②Nothing
can
_________________________________________.
什么也无法阻挡我们去实施这个计划。
③Nothing
can
_____________________________________
smoothly.
什么也不能阻止救援工作的顺利进行。
prevent/keep/stop
him
from
going
prevent/keep/stop
us
from
carrying
out
the
plan
prevent
rescue
operation
from
progressing
3.
They
are
often
so
thick
that
you
cannot
see
the
sun，and
the
wind
is
sometimes
strong
enough
to
move
sand
dunes.
它们常常很浓密，以致遮住了太阳，有时风力大得足以移动沙丘。
【句式分析】
(1)本句中的so.
.
.
that.
.
.
意为“如此……以致……”。so是副词，修饰形容词或副词；that引导结果状语从句。
He
got
up
so
early
that
he
was
the
first
to
get
to
school.
他起床很早，结果第一个到达学校。
There
were
so
many
people
there
that
I
wasn’t
able
to
pick
her
out.
那儿有很多人，以致我没能认出她来。
The
temperature
in
India
is
so
high
that
many
people
die
from
the
heat
wave.
印度气温如此高以至于许多人被热死了。
【归纳拓展】
(1)so＋adj.
/adv.
＋that
从句
so＋adj.
＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋that从句
so＋many/few/much/little＋可数名词复数或不可数名词＋that从句
(2)such＋a/an＋adj.
＋可数名词单数＋that从句
such＋adj.
＋不可数名词＋that从句
such＋adj.
＋可数名词复数＋that
从句
【名师点津】
①so和such放到句首时，主句要部分倒装。
②当little
表示“小”而不表示“少”时，必须用such，如such
a
little
boy/such
little
boys；而当little
表示“少”而不表示“小”时，用so,
如so
little
water。
So
excited
was
he
that
he
could
not
speak.
他如此兴奋，以致说不出话来。
(2)句中的strong
enough
to
move
sand
dunes
属于“adj.
/adv.
＋enough＋to
do”结构。此处enough作副词，位于形容词或副词之后，enough作形容词修饰名词时，放在名词前后均可，构成“enough＋n.
＋to
do”或“n.
＋enough＋to
do”。
She’s
old
enough
to
have
the
freedom
to
do
as
she
likes.
她足够大了，有自由做她喜欢做的事。
Would
you
be
kind
enough
to
do
it
for
me
劳驾你帮我做这件事好吗？
【即学活用】完成句子。
①Do
you
_______________________the
paper
你有足够的时间写完论文吗
②He
ran
__________________the
thief.
他跑得很快,
足以抓住那小偷。
③He
has
________________
his
life
is
lonely.
他的朋友很少以致他的生活非常孤单。
have
enough
time
to
finish
fast
enough
to
catch
so
few
friends
that
4.
It
was
the
most
frightening
and
the
most
dangerous
situation
I’ve
ever
been
in.
那是我所遇到的最可怕、最危险的情况。
【句式分析】
(1)本句是一个复合句,
其中I’ve
ever
been
in是限制性定语从句,
修饰situation。此定语从句中省略了关系代词that。
(2)当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,
常用关系代词that。
I
think
that
was
the
most
violent
sandstorm
(that)
I
had
experienced
in
my
life.
我认为那是我一生中经历过的最为猛烈的沙尘暴。
This
is
the
most
interesting
book
that
I
have
ever
read.
这是我读过的最有趣的书。
【即学活用】完成句子。
①那是我们开展过的最大规模的向污染宣战的群众运动。
That
was
the
largest
mass
campaign
______________
against
pollution.
②我认为沙漠化是人类遭遇的最为可怕的灾难。
I
think
desertification
is
the
most
frightening
disaster
__________
_________________.
that
we
had
had
that
human
beings
have
been
in
③He
got
himself
into
a
difficult
situation________
he
must
make
a
final
decision
all
by
himself.
A.
which　　　B.
what　　　C.
when　　　D.
where
【解析】选D。句意:
他让自己陷入了一个艰难的处境,
在这种情形下他必须完全靠自己做出最终决定。从结构可知situation后是定语从句,
从句句意完整,
应该用关系副词引导从句,
而situation是抽象地点名词,
所以用where引导。故选D项。(共28张PPT)
Module
4
Sandstorms
in
Asia
Cultural
Corner
1.
Learn
some
information
about
the
Green
Movement.
2.
Learn
some
important
words.
Learning
aims
World
Environment
Day
Leading
-
in
World
Environment
Day
was
established
by
the
United
Nations
in
1972.
It
is
on
5th
June
every
year
.
World
Environment
Day
can
be
celebrated
in
many
ways,
including
street
rallies（集会）,
bicycles
parades（游行）,
green
concerts,
essay
and
poster
competitions
in
schools,
tree
planting,
recycling
efforts,
clean-up
campaigns（活动）and
much
more.
Do
you
know
the
organizations
of
China
whose
aims
are
to
protect
the
environment
China
Environment
Department
China
Environmental
Management
World
Wide
Fund
For
Nature
世界自然基金会是世界上最大的、经验最丰富的独立性非政府环境保护机构
1.保护世界生物多样性；
2.确保可再生自然资源的可持续利用；
3.推动减少污染和浪费性消费的行动。
Kick
the
habit,
towards
a
low
carbon
economy.
Many
Species.
One
Planet.
One
Future.
A
new
lifestyle
is
called
low
carbon
life
.
It
means
low
energy
and
no
waste.
If
people
do
a
lot
of
things
to
improve
the
environment,
what
is
this
movement
called
Red/Green/White
Movement.
Pre
-
reading
Listen
to
the
passage
and
decide
true
or
false.
People
in
Germany
put
their
garbage
into
the
same
bags.
2.
CFCs,
chemicals
which
are
found
in
refrigerators
and
aerosol
cans,
are
allowed.
3.
There
are
laws
that
allow
people
to
burn
too
much
coal.
4.
In
the
1960s,
the
Green
Movement
began.
5.
It
collects
information
about
how
industry
is
damaging
the
environment
and
gives
this
information
to
TV.
F
F
F
F
F
Please
answer
the
following
questions.
How
do
countries
in
Europe
try
to
improve
the
environment
2.
What
does
CFCs
stand
for
3.
When
did
the
“Green”
movement
start
4.
What
does
the
“Green”
movement
aim
to
do
5.
What
does
it
mainly
do
Careful
reading
Let’s
check
the
answers.
How
do
countries
in
Europe
try
to
improve
the
environment
2.
What
does
CFCs
stand
for
3.
When
did
the
“Green”
movement
start
They
recycle
everything,do
different
collections
of
rubbish
and
have
a
green
movement.
It
stands
for
chlorofluoro-carbons,which
are
found
in
refrigerators
and
aerosol
cans
.
It
started
in
the
1970s.
4.
What
does
the
“Green”
movement
aim
to
do
5.
What
does
it
mainly
do
The“
Green
”movement
tries
to
get
governments
to
think
seriously
about
the
environment
and
how
to
look
after
it.
It
collects
information
about
how
industry
is
damaging
the
environment
and
gives
this
information
to
newspapers.
Read
the
text
and
fill
in
the
blanks.
after
Some
countries
are
better
than
others
at
_______
_____the
environment.
In
Europe,
Germany
and
the
northern
European
countries
work
very
hard
to
improve
the
environment.
People
in
countries
such
as
________
put
their
_______
into
different
bags
—paper
in
one
bag,
______
in
another
bag,
etc.
The
garbage
is
then
taken
away
and,
___
________,
recycled.
Germany
garbage
plastic
if
possible
looking
Post
reading
CFCs,
chemicals
which
are
found
in
___________
and
aerosol
cans,
are
not
allowed.
There
are
laws
that
do
not
allow
people
to
burn
too
much
coal.
In
the
1970s,
as
people
______
more
______
environmental
problems,
the
“Green”
_________
tries
to
get
governments
to
think
________
about
the
environment
and
how
to
look
after
it.
It
collects
information
about
how
_______
is
_________
the
environment
and
gives
this
information
to
newspapers.
refrigerators
learnt
about
movement
seriously
industry
damaging
Language
points
1.
allow
vt.
允许，许可
There
are
laws
that
do
not
allow
people
to
burn
too
much
coal.
他们制定了法律禁止人们大量烧煤。
【知识拓展】
常用结构：
allow
/
permit
sb.
to
do
sth.
允许某人做某事
allow
/
permit
doing
sth.
允许做某事
We
are
not
allowed
to
smoke
here.
我们不允许在这里吸烟。
【点津】
allow
vt.
“允许，许可”，与permit
意思基本相同，多数情况下可以互换。但准确地说，allow
有默许的意思，permit比较正式一点。
翻译句子：
①
法律不容许这种行为。
The
law
doesn’t
allow
such
an
action.
②
警察不允许在街上停车。
The
police
don’t
allow
parking
in
the
street.
③
仆人不让他进入房子。
The
servant
didn’t
allow
him
to
enter
the
house.
【即学即练】
2.
spread
v./n.
延伸，展开，流传，传播，蔓延
The
“Green”
movement
began
and
soon
spread
all
over
Europe.
“绿色”行动开始了，并且很快扩展到欧洲。
spread
表示消息、谣言、知识的传开时，是不及物动词，因此没有被动语态。
spread
—
spread
—
spread
【即学即练】
①How
terrible!
The
forest
fire
______________
真可怕！森林大火蔓延得很快。
②He
______________to
welcome
us.
他张开双臂欢迎我们。
spread
quickly.
spread
his
arms
3.
if
possible
如果可能
The
garbage
is
then
taken
away
and,
if
possible,
recycled.
然后这些垃圾被运走，如果可能的话将会被回收利用。
if
possible
如果可能的话；用于表示时间、地点、条件或让步的从句中，如果谓语是动词be，主语又和主句的主语一致，或者主语是it，
则常可以把从句的主语和be动词省略。
【知识拓展】if的省略结构
if
so
如果是这样
if
any
如果有的话
if
ever
通常与seldom连用，
表示“极少”、“难得”
if
necessary
如果必要的话
If
(it
is)
necessary,
please
call
me
at
home.
如果有必要，可往我家里打电话。
Discussion
What
should
we
do
to
protect
our
environment
Class
exercises
1.
We
can
go
to
school
by
bike
or
on
foot
instead
of
taking
a
taxi,
or
a
bus.
2.
Use
paper
bags
instead
of
plastic
bags.
3.
Recycle
the
waste
water,
paper
and
other
waste.
4.
Turn
off
the
lights,
throw
rubbish
into
different
rubbish
bins.
5.
Plant
more
trees,
grow
grass
and
flowers.
6.
Write
to
the
local
newspapers
to
remind
everybody
to
take
care
of
it.
Let
us
take
action,
starting
from
the
soul.
Let
us
live
in
harmony
with
the
natural
environment!
Give
us
a
green
future!
Now
I
want
to
say：Let’s
do
our
best
to
make
our
world
more
beautiful!
Homework
Design
a
poster
that
encourages
people
to
look
after
the
environment.
An
idle
youth,
a
needy
age.
少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。Module
4
Sandstorms
in
Asia
Period
2
Reading
and
Vocabulary
Ⅰ.
根据首字母或汉语释义写出单词的正确形式
1.
Before
the
rain,
there
was
a
m
__________
of
clouds.
2.
She
married
an
American
man
and
became
a
US
c
__________
.
3.
I
read
a
f
__________
story
which
took
place
in
a
haunted(闹鬼的)house.
4.
Hurricane
has
been
f
__________
for
tomorrow
afternoon.
5.
I
am
unable
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to
c
__________
to
school
because
my
bicycle
is
broken.
6.
During
his
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )election
__________
(活动)he
promised
to
put
the
economy
back
on
its
feet.
7.
Producing
a
dictionary
is
a
slow
__________
(过程).
8.
A
__________
(沙尘暴)kicked
up
while
we
drove
through
the
desert.
答案：1.
mass
2.
citizen
3.
frightening
4.
forecast
5.
cycle
6.
campaign
7.
process
8.
sandstorm
Ⅱ.
用所给短语的适当形式完成句子
as
a
result
of,
be
ca
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ught
in,
cut
down,
dig
up,
in
this
situation,
one
after
another,
prevent.
.
.
from.
.
.
,
protect.
.
.
against,
sweep
away,
wake
up
to
1.
What
should
you
do
to
__________
yourself
__________
a
sandstorm
2.
If
a
sandstorm
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
happening,
what
do
you
think
happens
to
traffic
____________

3.
We
__________
the
storm
and
got
drenched.
4.
He
hasn’t
yet
__________
the
seriousness
of
the
situation.
5.
Further
treatment
will
__________
cancer
__________
developing.
6.
You
smoke
too
much—you
should
try
to
__________
.
7.
Sometimes
we
would
play
games
_________________
.
8.
An
old
Greek
statue
was
__________
here
last
month.
9.
Her
heart
was
slightly
damaged
__________
her
long
illness.
10.
Let’s
__________
the
broken
glass.
答案：1.
protect;
against
2.
in
this
situation
3.
were
caught
in
4.
woken
up
to
5.
prevent;
from
6.
cut
down
7.
one
after
another
8.
dug
up
9.
as
a
result
of
10.
sweep
away
Ⅲ.
阅读理解
A
Strong
winds,
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and
in
the
air,
poor
visibility(能见度),
we
all
know
the
characteristics
of
a
sandstorm.
But
what
else
do
you
know
about
them
Do
you
know
for
examp
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le,
that
the
first
sandstorm
of
2009
hit
north
China’s
Inner
Mongolia
late
February
Sandstorms
ar
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
today
a
special
treat
of
life
in
northern
China
because
of
desertification
and
the
retreat(退化)of
northern
grasslands.
They
usually
occur
between
February
and
May.
Fortunately,
sand
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )storms
this
year
should
be
fewer
than
in
past
years
in
north
China,
according
to
the
National
Meteorological
Center.
And
the
chances
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
of
sandstorms
hitting
Beijing
are
small,
because
recent
rain
has
stopped
drought(旱灾).
Tree
planting,
as
well
as
other
measures
taken
by
the
government,
has
also
helped
decrease
the
chances
of
sandstorms
in
the
city.
Sandstorms
can
be
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
dangerous.
However,
there
are
measures
you
can
take
to
protect
yourself
from
harm.
·Wear
a
mask.
Cover
yo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur
nose
and
mouth
with
a
mask
that
can
keep
out
sand,
or
use
a
wet
handkerchief.
·If
you
are
d
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )riving
and
the
storm
is
far
away
from
you,
it
may
be
possible
to
outrun
it.
If
it
looks
like
you
will
be
caught
in
the
storm,
stop
and
wait
it
out.
·Take
cover.
If
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re
is
no
shelter,
then
lie
down.
Keep
eyes,
nose
and
mouth
covered.
Cover
your
head
with
your
arms
or
a
backpack
to
protect
yourself
against
flying
objects.
If
you
are
caught
in
a
desert
sandstorm,
take
the
following
action.
·Mark
your
di
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rection
before
lying
down.
It
is
easy
to
get
lost
in
a
desert.
·Keep
plenty
of
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ater
at
hand.
If
you
get
lost,
you
need
water
to
keep
your
life
until
you
find
your
way
or
help
arrives.
·Stay
together
if
tra
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )veling
in
a
group.
Lock
arms
if
caught
in
a
sandstorm.
The
most
useful
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )measure
would
actually
be
to
make
sandstorms
disappear
forever.
To
make
this
goal
come
true,
people
should
plant
trees,
and
stop
desertification.
Today,
the
straight-
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )line
distance
between
Tian’
anmen
Square
and
a
desert
called
Tianmo
in
Hebei
Province
is
only
about
80
km.
If
desertification
is
not
stopped,
environmental
protection
experts
say,
it
will
probably
not
be
long
until
Beijingers
can
catch
a
camel
to
work.
【文章大意】文章讲述沙尘暴的特点,
人们遇到它时的防护手段,
以及预防沙尘暴的措施。
1.
Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
the
characteristics
of
a
sandstorm
A.
Strong
winds.
　　　
B.
Sand
in
the
air.
C.
Poor
visibility.
D.
Heavy
snow.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第一段第一句可知答案。
2.
According
to
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
passage,
which
of
the
following
statements
is
TRUE
A.
So
far
in
2009
no
sandstorm
has
happened.
B.
Sandstorms
usually
happen
in
spring.
C.
Sandstorms
are
a
part
of
life
in
China.
D.
In
sandstorms,
what
you
need
to
do
is
just
to
lie
down.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段中“They
usually
occur
between
February
and
May.
”可知B项正确。由第二段中“.
.
.
the
first
sandstorm
of
2009
hit
north
China’s
Inner
Mongolia
.
.
.
”可知A项错;
由第三段中“Sandstorms
are
today
a
special
treat
of
life
in
northern
China
.
.
.
”可知C项错;
由第六段中“.
.
.
there
are
measures
you
can
take
.
.
.
”可知D项错。
3.
In
order
to
protect
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
you
from
harm
in
a
sandstorm,
which
may
NOT
be
the
right
action
to
take
A.
Finding
a
shelter.
B.
Covering
your
head
with
a
bag.
C.
Lying
down
to
wait.
D.
Speed
up
and
rush
through
the
sandstorm.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第八段
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中“If
it
looks
like
you
will
be
caught
in
the
storm,
stop
and
wait
it
out”可知D项错误。
4.
What
can
we
infer
from
the
passage
A.
North
China
has
been
hitting
by
sandstorms
for
several
years.
B.
80
km
has
made
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
chances
of
sandstorms
hitting
Beijing
small
this
year.
C.
Planting
trees
can
help
make
sandstorms
disappear.
D.
It
is
more
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dangerous
in
cities
because
there
are
more
flying
objects.
【解析】选A。推理判断题
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。由第四段中“Fortunately,
sandstorms
this
year
should
be
fewer
than
in
past
years
in
north
China”说明过去的几年发生过。C项为文章中明确提到的;
B、D两项表述不正确。
5.
What’s
the
best
title
of
this
passage
A.
Protecting
Environment
B.
Flying
Objects
C.
The
Realities
of
Sandstorms
D.
Strong
Winds
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。文章主要讲述沙尘暴的特点及其形成因素,
以及人们遇到沙尘暴时所要采取的措施,
故C项正确。
B
(2015·陕西高考)
　　The
production
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )coffee
beans
is
a
huge,
profitable
business,
but,
unfortunately,
full-sun
production
is
taking
over
the
industry
and
bringing
about
a
lot
of
damage.
The
change
in
how
coffee
is
grown
from
shade-grown
production
to
full-sun
production
endangers
the
very
existence
of,
certain
animals
and
birds,
and
even
disturbs
the
world’s
ecological
balance.
On
a
local
level,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
damage
of
the
forest
required
by
full-sun
fields
affects
the
area’s
birds
and
animals.
The
shade
of
the
forest
trees
provides
a
home
for
birds
and
other
species(物种)that
depend
on
the
trees’
flowers
and
fruits.
Full-sun
coffee
growers
destroy
this
forest
home.
As
a
result,
many
species
are
quickly
dying
out.
On
a
more
glob
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al
level,
the
destruction
of
the
rainforest
for
full-sun
coffee
fields
also
threatens(威胁)human
life.
Medical
research
often
makes
use
of
the
forests’
plant
and
animal
life,
and
the
destruction
of
such
species
could
prevent
researchers
from
finding
cures
for
certain
diseases.
In
addition,
new
coffee-growing
techniques
are
poisoning
the
water
locally,
and
eventually
the
world’s
groundwater.
Both
locally
and
globa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lly,
the
continued
spread
of
full-sun
coffee
plantations(种植园)could
mean
the
destruction
of
the
rainforest
ecology.
The
loss
of
shade
trees
is
already
causing
a
slight
change
in
the
world’s
climate,
and
studies
show
that
the
loss
of
oxygen-giving
trees
also
leads
to
air
pollution
and
global
warming.
Moreover,
the
new
growing
techniques
are
contributing
to
acidic(酸性的)soil
conditions.
It
is
obvious
that
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
way
much
coffee
is
grown
affects
many
aspects
of
life,
from
the
local
environment
to
the
global
ecology.
But
consumers
do
have
a
choice.
They
can
purchase
shade-grown
coffee
whenever
possible,
although
at
a
higher
cost.
The
future
health
of
the
planet
and
mankind
is
surely
worth
more
than
an
inexpensive
cup
of
coffee.
【文章大意】咖啡豆从遮荫种植变成全日照种植,
威胁到一些动物的存在,
破坏了全世界的生态平衡。
6.
What
can
we
l
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )earn
about
full-sun
coffee
production
from
Paragraph
4
A.
It
limits
the
spread
of
new
growing
techniques.
B.
It
leads
to
air
pollution
and
global
warming.
C.
It
slows
down
the
loss
of
shade
trees.
D.
It
improves
local
soil
conditions.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第二句可知,
全日照种植咖啡豆导致遮荫树的减少,
造成了空气污染和全球变暖。故选B。
7.
The
purpose
of
the
text
is
to　　　.
A.
entertain　
B.
advertise　
C.
instruct　
D.
persuade
【解析】选D。目的意图题。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文章主要讲了咖啡豆种植方式的改变带来的危害,
在最后一段又提到人类未来的健康要比一杯并不昂贵的咖啡更重要得多,
由此可知作者意在劝服人们注意保护环境,
故选D。entertain娱乐;
advertise广告;
instruct指导;
persuade劝说。
8.
Where
does
this
text
probably
come
from
A.
An
agricultural
magazine.
B.
A
medical
journal.
C.
An
engineering
textbook.
D.
A
tourist
guide.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。文章主要讲的是咖啡豆种植方式的改变,
属于农业类的,
故选A。
9.
Which
of
the
following
shows
the
structure
of
the
whole
text
(P:
Paragraph)
【解析】选A。篇章结构题。文章第一段提
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )出咖啡豆种植方式转变,
产生危害;
接下来三段都是分别阐述了具体的危害;
最后一段回扣话题,
呼吁人们重视环境。
Ⅳ.
阅读填句
(2015·葫芦岛高一检测)
　　根据短文内容,
从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sure,
we’ve
all
hear
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
that
we
should
get
more
sleep.
The
realities
of
life
often
make
it
become“we
should
get
more
sleep
later.
”　1　The
result
is
that
you
wake
up
the
next
day
feeling
like
a
role
of
The
Walking
Dead.
Here
are
four
ways
you
can
adjust
your
biology
in
order
to
pay
less
for
staying
up.
·Move
around.
Exercising
bef
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ore
bed
is
a
sure
way
to
keep
awake.
That’s
why
you
shouldn’t
do
it
when
you
want
to
go
to
sleep,
and
it
is
also
why
hitting
the
gym,
or
even
some
fast
push-ups
can
tell
your
body
that
it’s
not
time
for
bed.
Being
physically
exhausted
isn’t
fun
when
you
are
trying
to
stay
up
late.
　2 　
·Eat
more
protein.
Few
people
think
about
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
fact
that
the
brain
and
body
use
a
lot
more
energy
when
we’re
awake.
If
you
are
pulling
an
all-nighter,
you’re
going
to
need
a
lot
more
food
than
you
are
used
to
eating.
　3　To
stay
awake,
plan
to
eat
larger
meals
than
normal
and
to
eat
them
more
frequently.
·Drink
the
right
stuff.
It’s
tempting(诱人
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的)to
switch
to
sugary
caffeine
drinks
like
Red
Bull,
but
the
sugar
will
lead
to
a
crash.
Instead,
if
you
want
to
use
caffeine,
drink
early
in
the
evening
so
that
it’ll
wear
off
by
the
time
you
want
to
sleep.
　4　Don’t
make
it
worse
by
drinking
sugar.
·　5
Turn
the
lights
do
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wn
at
night
because
bright
lights
keep
you
awake.
For
three
or
four
hours
after
you’re
exposed
to
bright
white
light,
your
body
won’t
make
melatonin,
a
must
for
deep
sleep.
You
will
sleep
better
if
you
turn
the
lights
a
little
bit
down.
A.
Turn
the
lights
off.
B.
Avoid
bright
lights.
C.
Just
do
enough
to
get
energy.
D.
And
your
body
can
never
bear
something
like
that.
E.
Your
brain
can
use
up
to
25
percent
of
your
total
calories.
F.
When
you
stay
up
late,
your
blood
sugar
becomes
abnormal.
G.
There
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )either
more
work
to
be
done,
or
more
fun
to
be
had,
or
both.
答案:
1~5.
GCEFBModule
4
Sandstorms
in
Asia
Period
2
Reading
and
Vocabulary
课堂10分钟达标
Ⅰ.
根据首字母或汉语提示完成句子
1.
Mary
is
an
En
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )glish
m_________student
and
she
also
m_________in
German.
2.
The
most
f_________thing
of
all
was
that
not
a
sound
could
be
heard.
3.
D_________resu
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lts
from
the
serious
environmental
and
social
economy
problems.
4.
According
to
the
we
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ather
f_________,
a
hurricane
is
likely
to
hit
Guangdong
Province
tonight.
5.
To
play
better,
all
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
players
have
to
know
their
_________
(优点)and
weaknesses.
6.
As
is
known
to
al
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l
of
us,
all
the
_________
(公民)should
enjoy
equal
rights.
7.
We
planned
and
carr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ied
out
many
advertising
_________
(活动)for
our
new
product.
8.
It
took
me
half
an
hour
to
_________
(骑车)to
work
in
sandstorm.
9.
In
spring,
there
are
lots
of_________
(沙尘暴)in
northern
China.
10.
Suddenly,
in
came
a
man
with
a
_________
(面罩)on
his
face.
答案：1.
major;
majors
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
2.
frightening
3.
Desertification
4.
forecast
5.
strengths
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
6.
citizens
7.
campaigns
8.
cycle
9.
sandstorms
10.
mask
Ⅱ.
完成句子
1.
When
people_______
_______
(砍倒)trees,
generally
they
can
only
use
the
land
for
a
year
or
two.
2.
He
was
late
aga
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in,
because
he_______
_______
_______
(被困在)the
heavy
snow
last
night.
3.
There
are_______
_______
(许多的)students
in
the
classroom
and
they
are
waiting
for
Professor
Li.
4.
The
house
is
still_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______
_______
_______
_______
(在……的过程中)being
built.
5.
Alice
overslept
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is
morning.
_______
_______
_______
(结果),
she
was
late
for
work.
答案：1.
cut
down
2.
was
caught
in
3.
masses
of
4.
in
the
process
of
5.
As
a
result
Ⅲ.
从下面的方框中选择合适的单词或词组,
用其适当形式填空
a
mass
of,
cut
d
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )own,
strength,
forecast,
frighten,
process,
make
it
a
rule,
kill,
such.
.
.
that,
(be)caught
in
1.
—It’s
hard
for
me
to
go
to
sleep.
—Try
to____________
the
amount
of
coffee
you
drink
during
the
day.
2.
____________
work
has
been
done
to
prevent
the
water
being
polluted.
3.
Desertificatio
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
is
a
long____________
that
takes
place
when
climate
changes
and
people
cut
down
trees
limitlessly.
4.
After
the
operati
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on,
Bill
has
been
doing
a
lot
of
physical
exercise
to
build
up
his____________
.
5.
Little
Tom_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )___________
to
read
aloud
and
recite
ten
English
words
every
morning.
6.
____________a
tra
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ffic
jam,
the
newspaper
reporter
got
to
the
murder
scene
an
hour
later.
7.
The
teacher____________that15of
his
pupils
would
pass
the
examination.
8.
I
felt
really__
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__________
to
hear
the____________
sound
over
my
head.
【知识拓展】-ed形式的形容词与-ing形
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )式的形容词
frightening,
frightened是frighten的分词形式,
现已转化成了形容词,
frightening意为“令人惊恐的、恐怖的”,
常用来说明事物的性质、特征。frightened意为“感到恐惧的、害怕的、受惊的”,
常用来说明主语所处状态,
大多数都是指人所处状态。两者都可用作表语或定语。
(1)类似的-ing形式的形容词有:
exciting,
interesting,
disappointing,
puzzling,
surprising,
shocking,
astonishing,
moving,
amusing,
boring,
encouraging,
delighting,
inspiring,
pleasing,
tiring,
worrying等。
(2)类似的-ed形式的形容词有:
excited,
interested,
disappointed,
puzzled,
surprised,
shocked,
astonished,
moved,
amused,
bored,
encouraged,
delighted,
inspired,
pleased,
tired,
worried等。
一般来说,
-ing形式的形容词表主动含义,
-ed形式的形容词表被动含义。
9.
He
is______
a
care
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )less
boy______
he
has
made
so
many
mistakes
in
the
final
exams.
10.
As
more
and
more
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
animals
are
dying
out,
more
measures
should
be
taken
to
protect
animals
from____________.
答案：1.
cut
down
2.
A
mass
of
3.
process
4.
strength
5.
made
it
a
rule
6.
Caught
in
7.
forecast
8.
frightened;
frightening
9.
such;that
10.
being
killed
Ⅳ.
句型转换
1.
The
wind
is
very
strong,
so
that
it
moves
sand
dunes.
=The
wind
is______
______
to
move
sand
dunes.
=The
wind
is______
strong______
it
can
move
sand
dunes.
2.
It
was
a
terrible
experience
to
have
been
caught
in
a
sandstorm.
=______
______
______
______in
a
sandstorm
was
a
terrible
experience.
3.
We
have
a
lot
to
do
to
protect
our
environment.
=There
is
a
lot______
______
______
to
protect
our
environment.
4.
It
was
impossi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ble
for
us
to
get
there
on
time
because
of
the
heavy
rain.
=The
heavy
rain______
______
______
for
us
to
get
there
on
time.
5.
Carl
was
late
again.
As
a
result,
he
lost
his
job.
=Carl
lost
his
job______
______
______
______
being
late
again.
6.
I
hadn’t
read
a
more
interesting
story
than
this
one.
=It
was______
______
______
story
that
I______
______
.
答案：1.
strong
enough;
so;
that
2.
To
have
been
caught
3.
to
be
done
4.
made
it
impossible
5.
as
a
result
of
6.
the
most
interesting;
had
read