2011届高三英语语法复习教学案专题五 动词和动词短语
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| 名称 | 2011届高三英语语法复习教学案专题五 动词和动词短语 |  | |
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2011届高三英语语法复习教学案专题五 动词和动词短语
【知识网络】
表示动作或状态的词叫作动词。根据在句中的功能，可分为四类：实义动词、系动词、助动词、情态动词。根据其后是否带宾语，可分为两类：及物动词和不及物动词。
动词搭配上介词、副词、名词或形容词就构成动词短语。动词短语要注意两点：一是固定搭配，二是及物还是不及物。
【考纲解读】
考纲要求在复习备考中要掌握以下几个方面: 1.动词的词义；2.动词搭配；3.动词短语；4.及物动词和不及物动词的特殊用法；5.常用动词的用法；6.熟记16个高频动词构成的短语用法（break, carry, call, catch, hold, come, do, get, give, go, have, keep, knock, look, make, put, take, turn, help, hand, lead, die, tell, talk, speak, hear, ask, answer, send, set, show, point, agree, pay, try, wait 等）
【命题规律】
动词和动词短语，在历年高考题中所占比例最大，设题时往往都是给出四个不同的
动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。
【疑难考点突破】
【考点】
一、动词be构成的短语动词
1. be known as / be famous as 作为……而闻名
be known for因……而出名 The hill is known for the temple.
be known to为……所知 Lu Xun is known to us as a writer.
be known by凭……而知 One can be known by his words and deeds
2. A marry B = A be married to B 与……结婚 She is married to a musician
3. be tired of对……感到厌倦/ be tired with因……疲倦
He is tired of this kind of life = He is bored with this kind of life.
He was tired with walking so long.
4. be terrified at 被……吓一跳 He is terrified at the snake.
5. be burdened with 负重 He is burdened with a heavy load.
6. be crowded with 挤满 The shop is crowded with people.
7. be dressed in 穿着 She is dressed in red.
8. be experienced in 对……有经验 He is experienced in mending bikes.
9. be equipped with 装备 They are equipped with guns and food.
10. be furnished with 提供，布置 They are furnished with enough food.
11. be engaged in sth 从事，忙于 (=be busy with sth) He has been engaged in writing novels.
12. be engaged to与……订婚 My daughter is engaged to a nice doctor.
13. be about to do sth. When正要做……这时
14. be fit to do / be fit for 胜任；适合于
He is fit to do the work.. These books are not fit for children.
15. be well worth doing 值得做…… The film is worth seeing again.
16. be proud of 以……而自影骄傲 I am proud of being a Chinese.
17. be used to sth. 被用来做某事/ be used to doing sth. 习惯于……
used to do sth.过去常常做某事 My grandpa is not used to living in the noisy city
18. be content to do sth. 甘愿于干……；
be content with sth.满足于…… I am content with your work this time.
19. be concerned about...担心，关心
concerning = regarding= with regard to 关于
20. be up to应由……，轮到…… It's up to her to answer the question.
21. be meant / intended for 打算给，打算用作 Is this valuable painting meant for me
22. be connected with与……有联系 He was also connected with the government.
23. be crazy about 对……狂热 Many young people are crazy about Hip-Hop.
二、动词break构成的短语动词
1. break out 爆发 The Anti-Japanese War broke out in 1937.
2. break in打断；闯入 Two robbers broke in and robbed the bank of a lot of money.
3. break into 闯入；破门而入
They broke into the uncle's bedroom and found the man lying on the floor, dead.
4. break away from 脱离
Lincoln said it was not right for the south to break away from the union.
5. break down（机器，车辆）坏了；失败了；摧毁；分解
We are sorry to arrive late, but the car broke down.
6. break through 突破 The marchers broke through the line of the police.
7. break off 折断；中断；断绝 Let's break off for half an hour and have some tea.
8. break up 驱散，拆散 The police broke up the crowd.
三、动词carry构成的短语动词
1. carry on进行 He had learned enough English to carry on a conversation
2. carry out执行；进行 They were carrying out an important experiment.
3. carry away 拿走 Please carry these desks away.
4. carry off夺走；抢走 Some unknown man carried off the prize
四、动词call构成的短语动词
1. call on 拜访某人，号召
We will call on Mr. Li tomorrow. We are called on to help those in trouble.
2. call at 拜访某地 I called at your office yesterday, but you were not in.
Success called for hard work. call for a doctor 去请医生
4.call in 请来；收回 Mother is badly il1. so call in a doctor at once.
5. call up打电话；征召；回想起 I called Tom up and told him the news.
In most countries men are called up at the age of 18.
As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village called up scenes of my childhood.
6. call off 取消 = cancel The meeting has been called off.
五、动词catch，hold构成的短语动词
1. catch / take / get hold of sth. 抓住事物
Catch / Get / Take hold of the rope, and I'll pull you up.
2. catch up with 赶上 Work hard and I am sure you are able to catch up with others in class.
3. catch fire 着火；烧着 Last night a big building caught fire.
4. catch sight of发现；看到
When the mice caught sight of the cat, the mice ran away as quickly as possible.
5. holdup举起；阻滞（交通等）；阻搁 In the rush hour the traffic is held up.
He held up one of his fingers and showed it to the class.
6. hold back阻止；控制 We must held them back from fighting.
7. hold one's breath 憋住气；屏息 How long can you hold your breath under water
8. hold out坚持；拿出 We must hold out until help comes.
9. hold on 别挂线；坚持住
六、动词come构成的短语动词
1. come into…进入……状态 come into being（事物、局面等）产生；形成
The custom came into being long long ago.
When it comes to …当谈到/涉及到……
2. come along过来；快点 Come along! It' s nearly eight o'clock.
3. come out出来；出版 How did the painting come out
4. come true 实现 I am sure your dream will come true one day.
5. come (back)to life苏醒过来＝ come to (oneself)
When the wounded soldier came back to life, he found himself in hospital.
6. come to the point说到要点，触及问题实质
7. come about 发生；造成 The event came about as he had predicted it.
8. come across 碰见 You're the most beautiful woman I've ever come across.
同义词组：run across I came across an old friend in the street.
9. come to an end 结束 Your duties here have come to an end.
e to light 为人所知，显露 The robbery didn't come to light until the next day
11. come up with提出；想出 He came up with a new suggestion
七、动词do构成的短语动词
1. do well in 在某方面做得好 My cousin is a sailor and he is doing very well in the navy.
2. do good to 对……有好处 Doing morning exercises will do good to your health.
3. do harm to对……害处 Too much noise does harm to our health.
4. What ... do with 处理 What did you do with our goods
How... deal with…
5. do sb. a favour 帮某人的忙 Will you do me a favour to carry it upstairs
6. do up 系纽扣；梳理 Look, your bottom isn't done up.
do up one's hair梳理头发
八、动词get构成的短语动词
1. get in touch with 同……取得联系
2. get up起床 He gets up very early every day.
3. get back 回来；取回 I will get back next weekend.
4. get on 上车 You shouldn't get on the bus until it has stopped completely
5. get over克服；度过 You'll soon get over these difficulties.
6. get off 下车 The bus stopped and the passengers got off.
7. get together 相聚 We should go to a restaurant to get together.
8. get on / along well with 与……相处融洽 I am getting on well with my classmates.
9. get into 进入；陷入 Don’t get into the habit of smoking,,
10. get into trouble陷入麻烦
11. get in a word插话
12. get rid of 除掉 We are doing our best to get rid of pollution.
13. get through通过；接通；完成；经历 I tried to telephone you but I couldn't get through.
I will be with you as soon as I get through this work
14. get to到达 He had to get to the other side of street to attend a meeting.
15. get about / around / round 传开，传出去 The news of the disaster soon get about.
16. get across 使理解
The teacher tried to explain the problem, but the explanation did not get across to the class.
17. get away 离开 I was in a meeting and couldn't get away.
18. get down to (doing) sth. 安心做，开始认真干 You must get down to your studies this year.
19. get out of从……出来，摆脱 He got out of debt.
九、动词give 构成的短语动词
1. give up放弃 I persuaded him to give up the foolish plan.
2. give in 屈服；投降 He wouldn't give in to the enemy.
3. give out 用完；耗尽；发布消息 Our food and water will give out soon.
4. give away分发；捐赠；泄露 Please don't give my secret away.
He gave away most of his fortune to the poor work.
5. give off放出 This engine gives off lots of smoke and steam.
6. give back 归还 Living here has given me back my health.
7. give sb. a fide / lift让某人搭便车
十、动词go构成的短语动词
1. go ahead 继续；干吧 He went ahead with the work and got it done.
--- May I use your phone --- Certainly. Go ahead.
2. go by (时间)过去；经过 (地点) Don’t let the good chance go by.
3. go out (灯、火)熄灭 When they arrived, the fire had gone out.
4. go on(doing)继续做某事 Please go on with your work.
5. go on to do sth. 接着做另外的事 He went on to watch TV after he had finished his home.
6. go over检查；复习
When I came into the teacher's room, our teacher was going over our homework.
7. go through 完成；通过；经历；仔细检察
During the night the computers go through the information.
She went through one hardship after another.
Mother went through the drawer looking for the sweater.
8. go all out(=try / do one's best)竭尽全力 They went all out to build the dam.
9. go about开始着手；到处走动；传开 How does one go about getting the information.
10. go against 违背 They are going against our wishes.
11. go back 回家；追溯 This festival goes back to Roman times.
12. go for 运用于；应用于 The medicine went for nothing.
13. go in for参加；爱好 She went in for a singing competition.
14. go with 相配 I want some shoes to go with these trousers.
15. go without不吃 / 喝/用 The poor boy often has to go without supper.
16. go beyond 超过 That's going beyond a joke.
17. go up上升；上涨 The goods have gone up in quality.
18. go down 下降；降沉；下沉 The moon has gone down.
十一、动词have构成的短语动词
1. have a word with sb. 和某人说句话
Could you spare a few minutes I want to have a word with
2. have words with 争吵 They've had words with her about money.
3. have (deep)effects / influence on 对……有（深远）影响
The book has great effects on his life.
4. have difficulty in doing / find, difficulty in / have trouble in 做……有困难
We have / find difficulty in writing the composition.
We have trouble in writing the composition.
十二、动词keep 构成的短语动词
1. keep on doing sth.继续或反复做某事
Marx kept on studying English and using it when he lived in London.
2. keep up 坚持 Keep up your courage and you will succeed.
3. keep up with 跟上 She can't keep up with others.
4. keep back保留；阻止；隐瞒；拒留 She was in deep sorrow, but she kept back her tears.
5. keep away from 远离 Keep children away from fire.
6. keep out 做……录进入
In the ancient time, the Greta Wall was built in order to keep the enemy out of country.
7. keep one's word 遵守诺言
8. keep in touch with与……保持联系We have kept in touch with each other ,by writing letters.
9. keep silent/silence 保持沉默 He kept silent about the matter.
10. keep / prevent/stop…from doing sth. 制止（防止）……做某事
The heavy rain kept us from going out.
11. keep off使……远离 Please keep off the grass.
Keep your finger off the expensive clothes.
十三、动词knock构成的短语动词
1. knock at/on 敲（门、窗等） Yon should knock at the door before coming in.
2. knock down 撞倒
They make sure that the cows do not knock the young trees down or eat the leaves.
3. knock off撞掉下来 A child ran into the street and knocked the woman off her bicycle.
4. knock into sb./sth.撞上
十四、动词look构成的短语动词
1. look up抬头；查阅 You may look up new word in a dictionary.
2. look / watch out (for)小心 Look out! The pan is on fire.
3. look into调查 We'll further look into the matter.
4. look forward to盼望 We look forward to knowing the results of the exam.
5. look through 仔细看；浏览 You have to look through the papers before you hand them in.
6. look up to 尊敬 Young children should look up to old people.
7. look down upon 瞧不起 The days are gone when women were looked down upon
8. look like 看起来 You look like your father.
9. look on...as(=treat / consider / take / think of.. as)把……看作
He looks on the computer as his friend.
10. look after 照顾 When I am out, my husband looks after our baby.
11. look for 寻找 What are you looking for
十五、动词make 构成的短语动词
1. make a dive for向……猛冲 The dog made a dive for the bone.
2. make an apology to 向……道歉 He apologized / made an apology to her.
3. be made up 组成 Two thirds of the earth's surface is made up of vast ocean.
4. make up组成；化妆；打扮；补充；弥补；编造；捏造；和解
Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the United Kingdom.
It took her more than one hour to make up for the party
Our losses have to be made up with more loans.
The whole story is made up.
5. make room for给……腾地方 Would you like to make room for the old lady
6. make up one's mind 下决心 I have made up my mind to work harder than before.
7. make up for 弥补 We must make up for the time wasted before.
8. make use of 利用 We should make full use of the books in the library
9. make one's way 排除困难前进 After the film ended we made our way out of cinema.
10. make progress in进步 With the teacher’s help, I have made much progress.
11. make repairs修理 They are making repairs in that building
12. make a promise to do sth.许诺言
13. make a living by doing sth.谋生
14. make the best of=make the most of...尽量利用
Mother didn't enjoy his job, but she made the best of it
15. make for走向；前往 They set off by car and made for the nearest town.
16. make out 认出；理解 We made out a figure in the darkness.
It's difficult to make out his ideas.
17. make it 成功；及时达到 After hard-working, we made it at last.
十六、动词put构成的短语动词
1. put away 放好；收起来 Put the books away after reading.
2. put down 记下；平息 Put down the gentleman's address.
3. put out 扑灭；出版 It took the fire-fighters four tours to put out the fire.
4. put up举起；建造；张贴；公布；投宿 Many new high buildings have been put up in our city.
5. put up with(=stand / bear)忍受 He is prepared to put up with it for the time being
6. put on穿上；上演；增加
7. put off延期；拖延 The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather
8. put through完成；（打电话）把……接通 Can you put me through to this number
9. put forward提出建议；拨快（钟等） The doctor put forward a good suggestion..
The piano takes up too much space in the room
十七、动词take构成的短语动词
1.take up占用（时间；空间） The piano takes up too much space in the room.
2. take…out拿出去 We don't allow taking books out of the reading room
3. take sides站在……一边 Switzerland didn't take sides in the First World War.
4. take place 发生 The strike took place just before liberation.
5. take the place of 代替 New cotton can be taken the place of by many other materials.
6. take one's place 就座；代替某人职位 They took their places before the meeting began,
7. take it easy别担忧 Take it easy, and you are not badly i11.
8. take off脱掉；起飞；成功 The plane takes off at eight.
They not just made progress but took off.
9. take part in 参加 Martin Luther King took a leading part in the great march
10. take pride in 以……而自豪 He took pride in being a student in Beijing University.
11. take away (from) 拿走；使停留；使离开 The child was taken away from school.
I2. take in欺骗；吸收 The pretty girl took in my feeling. You'd better take in some fruits.
take on 雇用；接受（工作）；呈现（品质、面貌） Yon have taken on too much.
take over接管 The new bead master took over yesterday.
The frogs can take on the colours of its background.
He is taking over my job while I'm on holiday.
十八、动词turn构成的短语动词
1. turn up 出现；开大（音量）；到达，发生
He didn't turn up until two o'clock yesterday afternoon
2. turn against 背叛 She will never mm against her country
3. turn on 旋开（电灯等）
4. turn off关上（电灯等）
5. mm down 开小（音量）；接待 Would you mind turning down the radio
6. turn over 翻转 It is spring now, and peasants are turning over the fields
7. turn in交出；交 Jane turned in the wallet found at the school gate.
8. turn to找某人寻求帮助；翻到；转向 They always turn tome when they are in trouble.
9. turn into 变成 It turned into a nice day.
10.turn out结果是 / 关掉 / 查明 / 生产 The factory turns out 100 cars per day.
The day turns out fine. Do you think the crops will turn out good this year
十九、动词help, hand, lead, die 构成的短语动词
1. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 I often help my mother with house work.
help sb. out (of trouble) 帮助某人摆脱困境
2. help oneself to sth. 尽管请便；请随便吃 As you like fish, help yourself to it.
3. hand in 交上来 You have to hand in your compositions before weekend.
4. hand out 分发 Would you like to help me to hand oat the books to your classmates
5. hand over 移交
6. hand down = pass down流传
7. in hand 在手头
8. at hand在手边，在附近，即将到来
9. by hand 手工的
10. lead to sth. / doing sth. 导致 Hard work can lead to Success.
11. lead / live a … life过……生活 Einstein led a simple life in America.
12. die of死于……（内因） The old man died of old age.
die from 死于……（外因） Many old people died from air pollution in winter.
13. die out 灭绝 This kind of bird is dying out.
二十、动词tell, talk, speak, hear, ask, answer 构成的短语动词
1. talk to / with sb. 和某人谈话 The woman I talked to just now is in charge oft. he office.
2. speak of/speak about 大胆讲话；大声说出来
He dared to speak about his opinion at the meeting.
3. hear of / about 听说 I don't know him, but I have heard of him.
Hear from接到某人的书信 I haven't heard from him for nearly a year.
4. ask for要；请求 He often asks his parents for money.
5. ask sb. to do sth. 要某人做某事
ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物
6. answer for对……负责 You will have to answer for your behaviour one day
二十一、动词 send, set构成的短语动词
l. send (sb.)for 派人去请 The police were sent for as soon as the accident took place.
2. send out 发出（光亮等） The sun sends out light and heat.
3. send up 发射
A number of man-made satellites have been sent up into space in the past few years.
4. send off寄出，派遣，给……送行send in 寄送某处进行处理
Many of his friends sent him off at the airport. ( see him off)
He sent in 3 drawings for the competition.
5. set about doing sth. (= set out to do sth. / get down to doing sth. )开始……；着手……
We'll set about doing this next month.
6. setout/off出发；开始
We set out to work m five in the early morning and hoped to finish it before dark..
7. set up建立；树立；设立
Many new buildings have been set up in this area in the past ten years.
8. set sb. free 释放 In the end all slaves were set free.
set fire to / set…on fire放火烧…… The man who set fire to the building was arrested.
9. set an example to 树立榜样 His courage set an example to us.
二十二、动词how, point, agree, pay构成的短语动词
1. show sb. in 领某人进来 The man in charge of the shop came up to show us in.
2. show sb. out 领某人出去 Please show the lady out.
3. show sb. around 领某人参观 We were showed around the new factory by the chief engineer.
4. point out指出 I have done anything wrong, please point it out
5. point at指指点点 In part of Asia you must not sit with feet pointing at another person.
6. agree to do sth.同意某人的意见 He agreed to help me with my English.
7. agree with同意某人的意见；适合于 He agreed with me at last.
The climate here doesn't agree with me.
8. agree on意见一致 The building of a new factory was agreed on last month.
9. pay for付钱 I paid l 00 yuan for that shirt.
10. pay off还清债务；没有白费 His efforts paid off at last.
It took the coup1e ten years of hard work to pay off the debts.
11. pay back 把钱还回给某人
I can lend the money to you on condition that you must pay it back in two days.
二十三、动词try, wait构成的短语动词
1. try on 试穿 He is trying on a new suit.
2. try out 试用 Any TV set must be tried out before it leaves the factory.
3. try one's best to do尽力去做…… We all try our best to help others.
4. wait for 等待 Hurry up! They must be waiting for us.
5. wait on服侍；伺候 Mrs. Smith waited on her husband from morning till night.
6. can’t wait to do sth.等不及做某事
二十四、其他短语动词
1. connect with 把……联接起来 The operator will connect you to / with our manager
2. deal with对付；处理；论述；和……做生意 I don' t know how to deal with the problem.
3. depend on依靠 I am your friend. You can depend on me to help you.
4. divide … into把……分成
The train had been divided into two parts in the station where it had stopped.
5. persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
I tried to persuade him to give up smoking, but I failed.
6. drive off把车开走 The traffic is held up, so I can't drive off.
7. drop in (on sb. / at a place) 顺便拜访…… He usually drops in at my place on his way home.
8. refer to指；谈到；参照 When I said some people are stupid, I wasn't referring to you.
9. spend…on sth. / in doing sth.在……花（钱，时间等） She spent lots of her money on clothes.
10. stick to sth. / doing sth. 坚持 Einstein stuck to his opinion and went on with his research
11. stick with和……在一起，保持联系 He stuck with(＝remained in)the firm for 20 years.
12..wear out（使）筋疲力尽 I was worn out from the long walk.
13. work out算出；计算出；想出；锻炼 The maths problem is too difficult for me to work out.
14. struggle against与……作斗争 We are struggling against pollution.
15. quarrel with sb. about sth. 为……争吵
She often quarrels with her husband about housework.
16. devote…to/doing sth. / sth. /sb.献身于；效力于
After he graduated from university, he devoted himself to the teaching work in the countryside.
17. used to do sth.过去常常
There used to be a brook in front of my house when I was a little child.
18. settle down 定居；定下心来 (settle down to sth.)
After years of traveling, Mr. Li decided to settle down.
19. stand for 代表 What does "U. S.'' stand for 7
stand by 支持 No matter what happens, I'11 stand by you.
stand by = support / take part with / take the side of / be in favour (support) of
20. begin at / start with / begin with以……开始
Today we shall begin at page 40. Autumn begins / starts with August
to begin with 首先
21. end up最后落得……的结局/ 下场end (up) with以……结束
22. act on 照……行事 He acts on principles.
23. answer for / be responsible for 对……负责
You will answer for what you said. You will be responsible for what you said.
24. believe in信仰、信奉（真理、宗教、原则等）；信任
believe 相信某人所说的话 I don't believe what she said.
trust相信某人的品德、为人、能力等 I trust you. =I believe in you.
have trust in相信 She has trust in him.
believe it or not 信不信由你 Believe it or not, he walked 12 miles to help you
25. belong to属于 The house belongs to me.
26. burst into突然……起来 She burst into tears at the news.
27. put an end to sth 结束（不好的事）；制止 We must put an end to this foolish behavior.
pare…to把……比作 Man's life is often compared to a candle.
Compare…with… 把……和……比较
Compare this with that, and you'll see which is better.
compared to / with和……比起来（常在句中作状语）
Compared to / with many people, she was indeed lucky.
29. care for喜欢；照料；关心 I don't care for playing the piano.
care about关心；计较；在乎 I don't care about / for what you said.
30. change…for… 用……换取…… He changed his house for a car.
Change...with sb. 和某人交换…… Will you change seats with me
change...into...把……变成…… The fairy changed the cat into a swan.
31. share (in) sth, with sb. 与某人共同使用 He shared her toys with others.
32. base…on根据 (be based on) He based the conclusion on experiments.
33. congratulate...on / upon 祝贺 We congratulated her on winning the contest.
34. consist of/be made up of 由……组成
The United Kingdom consists of/is made up of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
35. clear up 放晴；收拾；整理；澄清；解决 The weather cleared up after the thunderstorm.
Let me clear up the things on the tables. I'd like to clear up two or three points.
副词up与某些动词连用，表示“完全…‘彻底’”或“动作难度等的增加”
We've eaten everything up. He tore up the letter after reading it.
36. up和动词组成的其它短语还有：
look up 查找 tie up 绑好 fasten up固定好 speak up 大声说 blow up 吹起来
save up 储存 add up 加起来 tidy up收拾干净 break up 打碎 speed up加速
lock up 锁好 bring up抚养 set up成立
37. cure…of 治愈；痊愈 The medicine cured him of his headache.
38. treat …for治疗；医治 The doctor treated me for my broken leg.
treat…to…以 ……款待 I'll treat you to dinner.
treat…as …把……当作 The teacher treated us as her friends.
39. owe…to…因……而感激（某人）；把……归功于 Owing to his laziness he failed in the test.
owe…for.欠……的钱（债，人情） He owed five yuan for Mary.
40. operate on 为……手术 He operated on the wounded soldier.
41. quarrel over 为……争吵 quarrel with同……争吵
They quarrelled over the property. She quarrelled with her mother.
42. reply to sb. / sth.答复
43. recover from 恢复 She has recovered from her illness.
44. head for 朝……去 The ship is heading for the nearest port.
45. inspire…with…以……激发 He inspired them with courage.
46. insist on / persist in 坚持 He resisted on / persisted in doing that.
47. join in参加（活动） She also joined in the dancing.
join sb. in. 加入某人做事 He joined us in watering the trees.
48. long for 渴望 I'm longing for a letter from him.
49. learn…by heart背会 She has learnt it by heart.
50. leave for 动身去 He is leaving for Nanjing hex1 week.
51. fix one's eyes on 凝视 He fixed his eyes on the girl.
52. form the habit of/ fall into the habit of / get into the habit of养成……
He formed the habit of smoking. He fell into the habit of smoking.
be in the habit of有……习惯 He is in the habit of getting up early.
get out of the habit of改掉……的习惯 He got out of the habit of smoking:
53. present…with赠送 He presented her with a gold watch.
54. live on靠……生活，以……为主食 Sheep live on grass.
live through 活动，经历过 He has lived through two wars and two revolutions.
live up to 不辜负 We should live up to my parents' will.
live with忍受，容忍 I don't like the noise, but I have to live with it.
55. mix… with 同……混合 Oil and water can't mix with each other.
56. wipe out消灭 The enemy troops have been wiped out.
57. result in导致 result from 由……引起 His illness results from overeating.
Overeating results in / causes / leads to / brings about his illness.
58. rob...of...抢走 The pain robbed him of steep.
remind...of…使（某人）想起……
This reminds me of what we did together during our holidays.
warn…of…以……警告（某人）…… He was warned of the danger.
inform…of…通知（某人）…… Have you informed them of your departure
59. watch out for提防 同义词组：look out for
keep watch看守；值班 be on watch在值班
be off watch不在值班 The soldier is on / off watch.
60. face up to面对；承担 We must face up to the fact.
61. fit in with适合；符合 The clothes fit in with her. =The clothes are fit for her.
62. pay attention to注意 He paid much attention to her life,
63. pass a judgment on The court passed a judgment on the case.
64. add up to总设计 The income adds up to 1. 000 dollars.
65.accuse…of 控告某人 Who accused you of such a thing
66. aim (...) at瞄准，目标是= be aimed at
The huntsman aimed (his gun) at the lion and fired but missed it.
67. allow for 顾及，考虑到 He should have allowed for the price.
68. apply for申请 apply to 应用
I have applied for a passport. The term is rarely applied 1o animals.
69. be (just) around the comer即将到来=be on the way
=draw near = be approaching = be coming
They claimed that recovery was just around the comer.
70. be attached to附属于，依恋 She was so attached to her home.
attach importance to sth.重视
71. be aware of知道，意识到 He was not aware of her presence till she spoke to him.
72. become of发生 They wondered what had become of him.
73. beg for乞求 He came over and begged for a light
74. benefit from sth. 得益于 I benefited from my father's advice.
75. be buried in 埋头于 He was buried in a book
76. centre.., on 集中……于 She centred her attention on the problem.
Concentrate (...) on / focus (...) on / fix.., on/upon...
77. charge…for索价 charge…with控告 We don't charge anything for that.
He was charged by the police with breaking the law.
78. cheat… (out )of 骗取某人某物 He cheated me (out) of my money.
79. cool off变凉, 冷却，冷静 It cooled off after the downpour last night.
80. concentrate(...)on专心于，聚精会神于 Please concentrate on the lesson.
81. take…into consideration/account考虑到
These were all factors which had to be taken into consideration.
82. account for说明原因；解释 He couldn't account for his absence from school.
83. clean up 收拾；整理；天空放晴 You should always clean up after a picnic.
84. dream of/about 梦想；想到 I never dream of its hurting you.
85. drop out(of)辍学；中途退出 If you don't like the idea, drop out.
86. feed on以……为主食 It feeds on a certain kind of fish.
feed…on 用……喂养 What do you feed your dogs on
87. fix up 安装 They are busy fixing up the lights.
88. speed up 加速
89. set foot in / on 踏上，走进 Never set foot on our property again.
90. hang up 挂上电话，挂起来
After she finished her conversation, she hung up. Lester hung up his hat and coat.
91. hunt for 寻找 What do you hurt for
92. know about 了解 I happened to know about him.
He said that he knew of a hotel that might suit him
93. lay down放下 The general told the troops to lay down their arms.
94. leave alone别动，别管，让……单独呆着 Thank you, but leave me alone, please,
leave out遗漏；忽视，不理会；删除 Don't leave me out, please.
95. let alone 更不用说 I couldn't afford to rent a house like that, let alone buy it
let down使失望 I won't let him down in any way
96. light up照亮，点燃，容光焕发
The searchlight lit up the whole area. His face lit up at the news.
throw light upon 阐明，使……清楚 Perhaps you can throw some light on these
97. be lost in 埋头于，迷失在……中 We were lost in the forest
be buried in / be occupied with/be engaged in / be involved in
98. take notice of注意 Don't take any notice of what he says.
99. object to 反对 Do you object to such simple pleasures
100. be occupied wit / in 忙于，从事于 He was occupied in writing letters.
101. sth. occur to sb 被想到 It occurred to me that...
That view of the case did not occur to me before
Sth strike/hit sb.
102. operate on 为……动手术 You can’t get a private doctor to operate on him
103. pass away 去世 He passed away at eighty.
pass by 经过，流逝，忽视 He had a feeling that his friends were passing him by.
pass on 传递，传给，去世 The news was passed on by word of mouth
104. reach for 伸手去拿 Sam reached for his gun.
reach out 伸出 David reached out and took down a small leather-bound book.
105. react to反应，反对 How did he react to the news7
106. remember.….to 代向……问好 Remember me to your family!
107. rise up 起立，起议
The people finally rose up and dethroned (废黜) the unpopular monarch (君主，帝王).
108. round up把……聚拢 Round up the rest of the flowers.
109. seek after / for追求，征求，寻求 What did you seek for
110. serve as担任，充当 Tom served as a soldier for twelve years.
111. shut up 闭嘴，关门，打烊
112. slow down减慢，减速，慢下来 Slow down when you come to the main road.
113. spread out展开，铺开，延伸(spread-spread-spread) Spread out your fingers.
114. stare at 盯着，凝视 The little girl stared at the toys in the window.
115. supply sth. to / for 向……提供 The school supplies books for the children.
116. suspect sb. of怀疑某…… I suspect him of killing the girl.
117. sweep away 冲走，卷走，扫除， The dust has all been swept away.
118. tear down = pull down拆除, Did they tear the building down
tear up 撕碎，连根拨起 I'm afraid I've torn it up.
119. tell apart区分，辨别 The teacher could not tell the twins apart.
120. tidy up整理，收拾 She decided to tidy up the upstairs rooms.
121. be caught doing = catch sb. doing
be caught in遭遇
122. be addicted to sth.沉溺于
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2011届高三英语语法复习教学案专题五 动词和动词短语
【知识网络】
表示动作或状态的词叫作动词。根据在句中的功能，可分为四类：实义动词、系动词、助动词、情态动词。根据其后是否带宾语，可分为两类：及物动词和不及物动词。
动词搭配上介词、副词、名词或形容词就构成动词短语。动词短语要注意两点：一是固定搭配，二是及物还是不及物。
【考纲解读】
考纲要求在复习备考中要掌握以下几个方面: 1.动词的词义；2.动词搭配；3.动词短语；4.及物动词和不及物动词的特殊用法；5.常用动词的用法；6.熟记16个高频动词构成的短语用法（break, carry, call, catch, hold, come, do, get, give, go, have, keep, knock, look, make, put, take, turn, help, hand, lead, die, tell, talk, speak, hear, ask, answer, send, set, show, point, agree, pay, try, wait 等）
【命题规律】
动词和动词短语，在历年高考题中所占比例最大，设题时往往都是给出四个不同的
动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。
【疑难考点突破】
【考点】
一、动词be构成的短语动词
1. be known as / be famous as 作为……而闻名
be known for因……而出名 The hill is known for the temple.
be known to为……所知 Lu Xun is known to us as a writer.
be known by凭……而知 One can be known by his words and deeds
2. A marry B = A be married to B 与……结婚 She is married to a musician
3. be tired of对……感到厌倦/ be tired with因……疲倦
He is tired of this kind of life = He is bored with this kind of life.
He was tired with walking so long.
4. be terrified at 被……吓一跳 He is terrified at the snake.
5. be burdened with 负重 He is burdened with a heavy load.
6. be crowded with 挤满 The shop is crowded with people.
7. be dressed in 穿着 She is dressed in red.
8. be experienced in 对……有经验 He is experienced in mending bikes.
9. be equipped with 装备 They are equipped with guns and food.
10. be furnished with 提供，布置 They are furnished with enough food.
11. be engaged in sth 从事，忙于 (=be busy with sth) He has been engaged in writing novels.
12. be engaged to与……订婚 My daughter is engaged to a nice doctor.
13. be about to do sth. When正要做……这时
14. be fit to do / be fit for 胜任；适合于
He is fit to do the work.. These books are not fit for children.
15. be well worth doing 值得做…… The film is worth seeing again.
16. be proud of 以……而自影骄傲 I am proud of being a Chinese.
17. be used to sth. 被用来做某事/ be used to doing sth. 习惯于……
used to do sth.过去常常做某事 My grandpa is not used to living in the noisy city
18. be content to do sth. 甘愿于干……；
be content with sth.满足于…… I am content with your work this time.
19. be concerned about...担心，关心
concerning = regarding= with regard to 关于
20. be up to应由……，轮到…… It's up to her to answer the question.
21. be meant / intended for 打算给，打算用作 Is this valuable painting meant for me
22. be connected with与……有联系 He was also connected with the government.
23. be crazy about 对……狂热 Many young people are crazy about Hip-Hop.
二、动词break构成的短语动词
1. break out 爆发 The Anti-Japanese War broke out in 1937.
2. break in打断；闯入 Two robbers broke in and robbed the bank of a lot of money.
3. break into 闯入；破门而入
They broke into the uncle's bedroom and found the man lying on the floor, dead.
4. break away from 脱离
Lincoln said it was not right for the south to break away from the union.
5. break down（机器，车辆）坏了；失败了；摧毁；分解
We are sorry to arrive late, but the car broke down.
6. break through 突破 The marchers broke through the line of the police.
7. break off 折断；中断；断绝 Let's break off for half an hour and have some tea.
8. break up 驱散，拆散 The police broke up the crowd.
三、动词carry构成的短语动词
1. carry on进行 He had learned enough English to carry on a conversation
2. carry out执行；进行 They were carrying out an important experiment.
3. carry away 拿走 Please carry these desks away.
4. carry off夺走；抢走 Some unknown man carried off the prize
四、动词call构成的短语动词
1. call on 拜访某人，号召
We will call on Mr. Li tomorrow. We are called on to help those in trouble.
2. call at 拜访某地 I called at your office yesterday, but you were not in.
Success called for hard work. call for a doctor 去请医生
4.call in 请来；收回 Mother is badly il1. so call in a doctor at once.
5. call up打电话；征召；回想起 I called Tom up and told him the news.
In most countries men are called up at the age of 18.
As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village called up scenes of my childhood.
6. call off 取消 = cancel The meeting has been called off.
五、动词catch，hold构成的短语动词
1. catch / take / get hold of sth. 抓住事物
Catch / Get / Take hold of the rope, and I'll pull you up.
2. catch up with 赶上 Work hard and I am sure you are able to catch up with others in class.
3. catch fire 着火；烧着 Last night a big building caught fire.
4. catch sight of发现；看到
When the mice caught sight of the cat, the mice ran away as quickly as possible.
5. holdup举起；阻滞（交通等）；阻搁 In the rush hour the traffic is held up.
He held up one of his fingers and showed it to the class.
6. hold back阻止；控制 We must held them back from fighting.
7. hold one's breath 憋住气；屏息 How long can you hold your breath under water
8. hold out坚持；拿出 We must hold out until help comes.
9. hold on 别挂线；坚持住
六、动词come构成的短语动词
1. come into…进入……状态 come into being（事物、局面等）产生；形成
The custom came into being long long ago.
When it comes to …当谈到/涉及到……
2. come along过来；快点 Come along! It' s nearly eight o'clock.
3. come out出来；出版 How did the painting come out
4. come true 实现 I am sure your dream will come true one day.
5. come (back)to life苏醒过来＝ come to (oneself)
When the wounded soldier came back to life, he found himself in hospital.
6. come to the point说到要点，触及问题实质
7. come about 发生；造成 The event came about as he had predicted it.
8. come across 碰见 You're the most beautiful woman I've ever come across.
同义词组：run across I came across an old friend in the street.
9. come to an end 结束 Your duties here have come to an end.
e to light 为人所知，显露 The robbery didn't come to light until the next day
11. come up with提出；想出 He came up with a new suggestion
七、动词do构成的短语动词
1. do well in 在某方面做得好 My cousin is a sailor and he is doing very well in the navy.
2. do good to 对……有好处 Doing morning exercises will do good to your health.
3. do harm to对……害处 Too much noise does harm to our health.
4. What ... do with 处理 What did you do with our goods
How... deal with…
5. do sb. a favour 帮某人的忙 Will you do me a favour to carry it upstairs
6. do up 系纽扣；梳理 Look, your bottom isn't done up.
do up one's hair梳理头发
八、动词get构成的短语动词
1. get in touch with 同……取得联系
2. get up起床 He gets up very early every day.
3. get back 回来；取回 I will get back next weekend.
4. get on 上车 You shouldn't get on the bus until it has stopped completely
5. get over克服；度过 You'll soon get over these difficulties.
6. get off 下车 The bus stopped and the passengers got off.
7. get together 相聚 We should go to a restaurant to get together.
8. get on / along well with 与……相处融洽 I am getting on well with my classmates.
9. get into 进入；陷入 Don’t get into the habit of smoking,,
10. get into trouble陷入麻烦
11. get in a word插话
12. get rid of 除掉 We are doing our best to get rid of pollution.
13. get through通过；接通；完成；经历 I tried to telephone you but I couldn't get through.
I will be with you as soon as I get through this work
14. get to到达 He had to get to the other side of street to attend a meeting.
15. get about / around / round 传开，传出去 The news of the disaster soon get about.
16. get across 使理解
The teacher tried to explain the problem, but the explanation did not get across to the class.
17. get away 离开 I was in a meeting and couldn't get away.
18. get down to (doing) sth. 安心做，开始认真干 You must get down to your studies this year.
19. get out of从……出来，摆脱 He got out of debt.
九、动词give 构成的短语动词
1. give up放弃 I persuaded him to give up the foolish plan.
2. give in 屈服；投降 He wouldn't give in to the enemy.
3. give out 用完；耗尽；发布消息 Our food and water will give out soon.
4. give away分发；捐赠；泄露 Please don't give my secret away.
He gave away most of his fortune to the poor work.
5. give off放出 This engine gives off lots of smoke and steam.
6. give back 归还 Living here has given me back my health.
7. give sb. a fide / lift让某人搭便车
十、动词go构成的短语动词
1. go ahead 继续；干吧 He went ahead with the work and got it done.
--- May I use your phone --- Certainly. Go ahead.
2. go by (时间)过去；经过 (地点) Don’t let the good chance go by.
3. go out (灯、火)熄灭 When they arrived, the fire had gone out.
4. go on(doing)继续做某事 Please go on with your work.
5. go on to do sth. 接着做另外的事 He went on to watch TV after he had finished his home.
6. go over检查；复习
When I came into the teacher's room, our teacher was going over our homework.
7. go through 完成；通过；经历；仔细检察
During the night the computers go through the information.
She went through one hardship after another.
Mother went through the drawer looking for the sweater.
8. go all out(=try / do one's best)竭尽全力 They went all out to build the dam.
9. go about开始着手；到处走动；传开 How does one go about getting the information.
10. go against 违背 They are going against our wishes.
11. go back 回家；追溯 This festival goes back to Roman times.
12. go for 运用于；应用于 The medicine went for nothing.
13. go in for参加；爱好 She went in for a singing competition.
14. go with 相配 I want some shoes to go with these trousers.
15. go without不吃 / 喝/用 The poor boy often has to go without supper.
16. go beyond 超过 That's going beyond a joke.
17. go up上升；上涨 The goods have gone up in quality.
18. go down 下降；降沉；下沉 The moon has gone down.
十一、动词have构成的短语动词
1. have a word with sb. 和某人说句话
Could you spare a few minutes I want to have a word with
2. have words with 争吵 They've had words with her about money.
3. have (deep)effects / influence on 对……有（深远）影响
The book has great effects on his life.
4. have difficulty in doing / find, difficulty in / have trouble in 做……有困难
We have / find difficulty in writing the composition.
We have trouble in writing the composition.
十二、动词keep 构成的短语动词
1. keep on doing sth.继续或反复做某事
Marx kept on studying English and using it when he lived in London.
2. keep up 坚持 Keep up your courage and you will succeed.
3. keep up with 跟上 She can't keep up with others.
4. keep back保留；阻止；隐瞒；拒留 She was in deep sorrow, but she kept back her tears.
5. keep away from 远离 Keep children away from fire.
6. keep out 做……录进入
In the ancient time, the Greta Wall was built in order to keep the enemy out of country.
7. keep one's word 遵守诺言
8. keep in touch with与……保持联系We have kept in touch with each other ,by writing letters.
9. keep silent/silence 保持沉默 He kept silent about the matter.
10. keep / prevent/stop…from doing sth. 制止（防止）……做某事
The heavy rain kept us from going out.
11. keep off使……远离 Please keep off the grass.
Keep your finger off the expensive clothes.
十三、动词knock构成的短语动词
1. knock at/on 敲（门、窗等） Yon should knock at the door before coming in.
2. knock down 撞倒
They make sure that the cows do not knock the young trees down or eat the leaves.
3. knock off撞掉下来 A child ran into the street and knocked the woman off her bicycle.
4. knock into sb./sth.撞上
十四、动词look构成的短语动词
1. look up抬头；查阅 You may look up new word in a dictionary.
2. look / watch out (for)小心 Look out! The pan is on fire.
3. look into调查 We'll further look into the matter.
4. look forward to盼望 We look forward to knowing the results of the exam.
5. look through 仔细看；浏览 You have to look through the papers before you hand them in.
6. look up to 尊敬 Young children should look up to old people.
7. look down upon 瞧不起 The days are gone when women were looked down upon
8. look like 看起来 You look like your father.
9. look on...as(=treat / consider / take / think of.. as)把……看作
He looks on the computer as his friend.
10. look after 照顾 When I am out, my husband looks after our baby.
11. look for 寻找 What are you looking for
十五、动词make 构成的短语动词
1. make a dive for向……猛冲 The dog made a dive for the bone.
2. make an apology to 向……道歉 He apologized / made an apology to her.
3. be made up 组成 Two thirds of the earth's surface is made up of vast ocean.
4. make up组成；化妆；打扮；补充；弥补；编造；捏造；和解
Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the United Kingdom.
It took her more than one hour to make up for the party
Our losses have to be made up with more loans.
The whole story is made up.
5. make room for给……腾地方 Would you like to make room for the old lady
6. make up one's mind 下决心 I have made up my mind to work harder than before.
7. make up for 弥补 We must make up for the time wasted before.
8. make use of 利用 We should make full use of the books in the library
9. make one's way 排除困难前进 After the film ended we made our way out of cinema.
10. make progress in进步 With the teacher’s help, I have made much progress.
11. make repairs修理 They are making repairs in that building
12. make a promise to do sth.许诺言
13. make a living by doing sth.谋生
14. make the best of=make the most of...尽量利用
Mother didn't enjoy his job, but she made the best of it
15. make for走向；前往 They set off by car and made for the nearest town.
16. make out 认出；理解 We made out a figure in the darkness.
It's difficult to make out his ideas.
17. make it 成功；及时达到 After hard-working, we made it at last.
十六、动词put构成的短语动词
1. put away 放好；收起来 Put the books away after reading.
2. put down 记下；平息 Put down the gentleman's address.
3. put out 扑灭；出版 It took the fire-fighters four tours to put out the fire.
4. put up举起；建造；张贴；公布；投宿 Many new high buildings have been put up in our city.
5. put up with(=stand / bear)忍受 He is prepared to put up with it for the time being
6. put on穿上；上演；增加
7. put off延期；拖延 The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather
8. put through完成；（打电话）把……接通 Can you put me through to this number
9. put forward提出建议；拨快（钟等） The doctor put forward a good suggestion..
The piano takes up too much space in the room
十七、动词take构成的短语动词
1.take up占用（时间；空间） The piano takes up too much space in the room.
2. take…out拿出去 We don't allow taking books out of the reading room
3. take sides站在……一边 Switzerland didn't take sides in the First World War.
4. take place 发生 The strike took place just before liberation.
5. take the place of 代替 New cotton can be taken the place of by many other materials.
6. take one's place 就座；代替某人职位 They took their places before the meeting began,
7. take it easy别担忧 Take it easy, and you are not badly i11.
8. take off脱掉；起飞；成功 The plane takes off at eight.
They not just made progress but took off.
9. take part in 参加 Martin Luther King took a leading part in the great march
10. take pride in 以……而自豪 He took pride in being a student in Beijing University.
11. take away (from) 拿走；使停留；使离开 The child was taken away from school.
I2. take in欺骗；吸收 The pretty girl took in my feeling. You'd better take in some fruits.
take on 雇用；接受（工作）；呈现（品质、面貌） Yon have taken on too much.
take over接管 The new bead master took over yesterday.
The frogs can take on the colours of its background.
He is taking over my job while I'm on holiday.
十八、动词turn构成的短语动词
1. turn up 出现；开大（音量）；到达，发生
He didn't turn up until two o'clock yesterday afternoon
2. turn against 背叛 She will never mm against her country
3. turn on 旋开（电灯等）
4. turn off关上（电灯等）
5. mm down 开小（音量）；接待 Would you mind turning down the radio
6. turn over 翻转 It is spring now, and peasants are turning over the fields
7. turn in交出；交 Jane turned in the wallet found at the school gate.
8. turn to找某人寻求帮助；翻到；转向 They always turn tome when they are in trouble.
9. turn into 变成 It turned into a nice day.
10.turn out结果是 / 关掉 / 查明 / 生产 The factory turns out 100 cars per day.
The day turns out fine. Do you think the crops will turn out good this year
十九、动词help, hand, lead, die 构成的短语动词
1. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 I often help my mother with house work.
help sb. out (of trouble) 帮助某人摆脱困境
2. help oneself to sth. 尽管请便；请随便吃 As you like fish, help yourself to it.
3. hand in 交上来 You have to hand in your compositions before weekend.
4. hand out 分发 Would you like to help me to hand oat the books to your classmates
5. hand over 移交
6. hand down = pass down流传
7. in hand 在手头
8. at hand在手边，在附近，即将到来
9. by hand 手工的
10. lead to sth. / doing sth. 导致 Hard work can lead to Success.
11. lead / live a … life过……生活 Einstein led a simple life in America.
12. die of死于……（内因） The old man died of old age.
die from 死于……（外因） Many old people died from air pollution in winter.
13. die out 灭绝 This kind of bird is dying out.
二十、动词tell, talk, speak, hear, ask, answer 构成的短语动词
1. talk to / with sb. 和某人谈话 The woman I talked to just now is in charge oft. he office.
2. speak of/speak about 大胆讲话；大声说出来
He dared to speak about his opinion at the meeting.
3. hear of / about 听说 I don't know him, but I have heard of him.
Hear from接到某人的书信 I haven't heard from him for nearly a year.
4. ask for要；请求 He often asks his parents for money.
5. ask sb. to do sth. 要某人做某事
ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物
6. answer for对……负责 You will have to answer for your behaviour one day
二十一、动词 send, set构成的短语动词
l. send (sb.)for 派人去请 The police were sent for as soon as the accident took place.
2. send out 发出（光亮等） The sun sends out light and heat.
3. send up 发射
A number of man-made satellites have been sent up into space in the past few years.
4. send off寄出，派遣，给……送行send in 寄送某处进行处理
Many of his friends sent him off at the airport. ( see him off)
He sent in 3 drawings for the competition.
5. set about doing sth. (= set out to do sth. / get down to doing sth. )开始……；着手……
We'll set about doing this next month.
6. setout/off出发；开始
We set out to work m five in the early morning and hoped to finish it before dark..
7. set up建立；树立；设立
Many new buildings have been set up in this area in the past ten years.
8. set sb. free 释放 In the end all slaves were set free.
set fire to / set…on fire放火烧…… The man who set fire to the building was arrested.
9. set an example to 树立榜样 His courage set an example to us.
二十二、动词how, point, agree, pay构成的短语动词
1. show sb. in 领某人进来 The man in charge of the shop came up to show us in.
2. show sb. out 领某人出去 Please show the lady out.
3. show sb. around 领某人参观 We were showed around the new factory by the chief engineer.
4. point out指出 I have done anything wrong, please point it out
5. point at指指点点 In part of Asia you must not sit with feet pointing at another person.
6. agree to do sth.同意某人的意见 He agreed to help me with my English.
7. agree with同意某人的意见；适合于 He agreed with me at last.
The climate here doesn't agree with me.
8. agree on意见一致 The building of a new factory was agreed on last month.
9. pay for付钱 I paid l 00 yuan for that shirt.
10. pay off还清债务；没有白费 His efforts paid off at last.
It took the coup1e ten years of hard work to pay off the debts.
11. pay back 把钱还回给某人
I can lend the money to you on condition that you must pay it back in two days.
二十三、动词try, wait构成的短语动词
1. try on 试穿 He is trying on a new suit.
2. try out 试用 Any TV set must be tried out before it leaves the factory.
3. try one's best to do尽力去做…… We all try our best to help others.
4. wait for 等待 Hurry up! They must be waiting for us.
5. wait on服侍；伺候 Mrs. Smith waited on her husband from morning till night.
6. can’t wait to do sth.等不及做某事
二十四、其他短语动词
1. connect with 把……联接起来 The operator will connect you to / with our manager
2. deal with对付；处理；论述；和……做生意 I don' t know how to deal with the problem.
3. depend on依靠 I am your friend. You can depend on me to help you.
4. divide … into把……分成
The train had been divided into two parts in the station where it had stopped.
5. persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
I tried to persuade him to give up smoking, but I failed.
6. drive off把车开走 The traffic is held up, so I can't drive off.
7. drop in (on sb. / at a place) 顺便拜访…… He usually drops in at my place on his way home.
8. refer to指；谈到；参照 When I said some people are stupid, I wasn't referring to you.
9. spend…on sth. / in doing sth.在……花（钱，时间等） She spent lots of her money on clothes.
10. stick to sth. / doing sth. 坚持 Einstein stuck to his opinion and went on with his research
11. stick with和……在一起，保持联系 He stuck with(＝remained in)the firm for 20 years.
12..wear out（使）筋疲力尽 I was worn out from the long walk.
13. work out算出；计算出；想出；锻炼 The maths problem is too difficult for me to work out.
14. struggle against与……作斗争 We are struggling against pollution.
15. quarrel with sb. about sth. 为……争吵
She often quarrels with her husband about housework.
16. devote…to/doing sth. / sth. /sb.献身于；效力于
After he graduated from university, he devoted himself to the teaching work in the countryside.
17. used to do sth.过去常常
There used to be a brook in front of my house when I was a little child.
18. settle down 定居；定下心来 (settle down to sth.)
After years of traveling, Mr. Li decided to settle down.
19. stand for 代表 What does "U. S.'' stand for 7
stand by 支持 No matter what happens, I'11 stand by you.
stand by = support / take part with / take the side of / be in favour (support) of
20. begin at / start with / begin with以……开始
Today we shall begin at page 40. Autumn begins / starts with August
to begin with 首先
21. end up最后落得……的结局/ 下场end (up) with以……结束
22. act on 照……行事 He acts on principles.
23. answer for / be responsible for 对……负责
You will answer for what you said. You will be responsible for what you said.
24. believe in信仰、信奉（真理、宗教、原则等）；信任
believe 相信某人所说的话 I don't believe what she said.
trust相信某人的品德、为人、能力等 I trust you. =I believe in you.
have trust in相信 She has trust in him.
believe it or not 信不信由你 Believe it or not, he walked 12 miles to help you
25. belong to属于 The house belongs to me.
26. burst into突然……起来 She burst into tears at the news.
27. put an end to sth 结束（不好的事）；制止 We must put an end to this foolish behavior.
pare…to把……比作 Man's life is often compared to a candle.
Compare…with… 把……和……比较
Compare this with that, and you'll see which is better.
compared to / with和……比起来（常在句中作状语）
Compared to / with many people, she was indeed lucky.
29. care for喜欢；照料；关心 I don't care for playing the piano.
care about关心；计较；在乎 I don't care about / for what you said.
30. change…for… 用……换取…… He changed his house for a car.
Change...with sb. 和某人交换…… Will you change seats with me
change...into...把……变成…… The fairy changed the cat into a swan.
31. share (in) sth, with sb. 与某人共同使用 He shared her toys with others.
32. base…on根据 (be based on) He based the conclusion on experiments.
33. congratulate...on / upon 祝贺 We congratulated her on winning the contest.
34. consist of/be made up of 由……组成
The United Kingdom consists of/is made up of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
35. clear up 放晴；收拾；整理；澄清；解决 The weather cleared up after the thunderstorm.
Let me clear up the things on the tables. I'd like to clear up two or three points.
副词up与某些动词连用，表示“完全…‘彻底’”或“动作难度等的增加”
We've eaten everything up. He tore up the letter after reading it.
36. up和动词组成的其它短语还有：
look up 查找 tie up 绑好 fasten up固定好 speak up 大声说 blow up 吹起来
save up 储存 add up 加起来 tidy up收拾干净 break up 打碎 speed up加速
lock up 锁好 bring up抚养 set up成立
37. cure…of 治愈；痊愈 The medicine cured him of his headache.
38. treat …for治疗；医治 The doctor treated me for my broken leg.
treat…to…以 ……款待 I'll treat you to dinner.
treat…as …把……当作 The teacher treated us as her friends.
39. owe…to…因……而感激（某人）；把……归功于 Owing to his laziness he failed in the test.
owe…for.欠……的钱（债，人情） He owed five yuan for Mary.
40. operate on 为……手术 He operated on the wounded soldier.
41. quarrel over 为……争吵 quarrel with同……争吵
They quarrelled over the property. She quarrelled with her mother.
42. reply to sb. / sth.答复
43. recover from 恢复 She has recovered from her illness.
44. head for 朝……去 The ship is heading for the nearest port.
45. inspire…with…以……激发 He inspired them with courage.
46. insist on / persist in 坚持 He resisted on / persisted in doing that.
47. join in参加（活动） She also joined in the dancing.
join sb. in. 加入某人做事 He joined us in watering the trees.
48. long for 渴望 I'm longing for a letter from him.
49. learn…by heart背会 She has learnt it by heart.
50. leave for 动身去 He is leaving for Nanjing hex1 week.
51. fix one's eyes on 凝视 He fixed his eyes on the girl.
52. form the habit of/ fall into the habit of / get into the habit of养成……
He formed the habit of smoking. He fell into the habit of smoking.
be in the habit of有……习惯 He is in the habit of getting up early.
get out of the habit of改掉……的习惯 He got out of the habit of smoking:
53. present…with赠送 He presented her with a gold watch.
54. live on靠……生活，以……为主食 Sheep live on grass.
live through 活动，经历过 He has lived through two wars and two revolutions.
live up to 不辜负 We should live up to my parents' will.
live with忍受，容忍 I don't like the noise, but I have to live with it.
55. mix… with 同……混合 Oil and water can't mix with each other.
56. wipe out消灭 The enemy troops have been wiped out.
57. result in导致 result from 由……引起 His illness results from overeating.
Overeating results in / causes / leads to / brings about his illness.
58. rob...of...抢走 The pain robbed him of steep.
remind...of…使（某人）想起……
This reminds me of what we did together during our holidays.
warn…of…以……警告（某人）…… He was warned of the danger.
inform…of…通知（某人）…… Have you informed them of your departure
59. watch out for提防 同义词组：look out for
keep watch看守；值班 be on watch在值班
be off watch不在值班 The soldier is on / off watch.
60. face up to面对；承担 We must face up to the fact.
61. fit in with适合；符合 The clothes fit in with her. =The clothes are fit for her.
62. pay attention to注意 He paid much attention to her life,
63. pass a judgment on The court passed a judgment on the case.
64. add up to总设计 The income adds up to 1. 000 dollars.
65.accuse…of 控告某人 Who accused you of such a thing
66. aim (...) at瞄准，目标是= be aimed at
The huntsman aimed (his gun) at the lion and fired but missed it.
67. allow for 顾及，考虑到 He should have allowed for the price.
68. apply for申请 apply to 应用
I have applied for a passport. The term is rarely applied 1o animals.
69. be (just) around the comer即将到来=be on the way
=draw near = be approaching = be coming
They claimed that recovery was just around the comer.
70. be attached to附属于，依恋 She was so attached to her home.
attach importance to sth.重视
71. be aware of知道，意识到 He was not aware of her presence till she spoke to him.
72. become of发生 They wondered what had become of him.
73. beg for乞求 He came over and begged for a light
74. benefit from sth. 得益于 I benefited from my father's advice.
75. be buried in 埋头于 He was buried in a book
76. centre.., on 集中……于 She centred her attention on the problem.
Concentrate (...) on / focus (...) on / fix.., on/upon...
77. charge…for索价 charge…with控告 We don't charge anything for that.
He was charged by the police with breaking the law.
78. cheat… (out )of 骗取某人某物 He cheated me (out) of my money.
79. cool off变凉, 冷却，冷静 It cooled off after the downpour last night.
80. concentrate(...)on专心于，聚精会神于 Please concentrate on the lesson.
81. take…into consideration/account考虑到
These were all factors which had to be taken into consideration.
82. account for说明原因；解释 He couldn't account for his absence from school.
83. clean up 收拾；整理；天空放晴 You should always clean up after a picnic.
84. dream of/about 梦想；想到 I never dream of its hurting you.
85. drop out(of)辍学；中途退出 If you don't like the idea, drop out.
86. feed on以……为主食 It feeds on a certain kind of fish.
feed…on 用……喂养 What do you feed your dogs on
87. fix up 安装 They are busy fixing up the lights.
88. speed up 加速
89. set foot in / on 踏上，走进 Never set foot on our property again.
90. hang up 挂上电话，挂起来
After she finished her conversation, she hung up. Lester hung up his hat and coat.
91. hunt for 寻找 What do you hurt for
92. know about 了解 I happened to know about him.
He said that he knew of a hotel that might suit him
93. lay down放下 The general told the troops to lay down their arms.
94. leave alone别动，别管，让……单独呆着 Thank you, but leave me alone, please,
leave out遗漏；忽视，不理会；删除 Don't leave me out, please.
95. let alone 更不用说 I couldn't afford to rent a house like that, let alone buy it
let down使失望 I won't let him down in any way
96. light up照亮，点燃，容光焕发
The searchlight lit up the whole area. His face lit up at the news.
throw light upon 阐明，使……清楚 Perhaps you can throw some light on these
97. be lost in 埋头于，迷失在……中 We were lost in the forest
be buried in / be occupied with/be engaged in / be involved in
98. take notice of注意 Don't take any notice of what he says.
99. object to 反对 Do you object to such simple pleasures
100. be occupied wit / in 忙于，从事于 He was occupied in writing letters.
101. sth. occur to sb 被想到 It occurred to me that...
That view of the case did not occur to me before
Sth strike/hit sb.
102. operate on 为……动手术 You can’t get a private doctor to operate on him
103. pass away 去世 He passed away at eighty.
pass by 经过，流逝，忽视 He had a feeling that his friends were passing him by.
pass on 传递，传给，去世 The news was passed on by word of mouth
104. reach for 伸手去拿 Sam reached for his gun.
reach out 伸出 David reached out and took down a small leather-bound book.
105. react to反应，反对 How did he react to the news7
106. remember.….to 代向……问好 Remember me to your family!
107. rise up 起立，起议
The people finally rose up and dethroned (废黜) the unpopular monarch (君主，帝王).
108. round up把……聚拢 Round up the rest of the flowers.
109. seek after / for追求，征求，寻求 What did you seek for
110. serve as担任，充当 Tom served as a soldier for twelve years.
111. shut up 闭嘴，关门，打烊
112. slow down减慢，减速，慢下来 Slow down when you come to the main road.
113. spread out展开，铺开，延伸(spread-spread-spread) Spread out your fingers.
114. stare at 盯着，凝视 The little girl stared at the toys in the window.
115. supply sth. to / for 向……提供 The school supplies books for the children.
116. suspect sb. of怀疑某…… I suspect him of killing the girl.
117. sweep away 冲走，卷走，扫除， The dust has all been swept away.
118. tear down = pull down拆除, Did they tear the building down
tear up 撕碎，连根拨起 I'm afraid I've torn it up.
119. tell apart区分，辨别 The teacher could not tell the twins apart.
120. tidy up整理，收拾 She decided to tidy up the upstairs rooms.
121. be caught doing = catch sb. doing
be caught in遭遇
122. be addicted to sth.沉溺于
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