2011届高考英语二轮全部语法验收及精析 unit 15 虚拟语气

2011届高考英语二轮全部语法验收及精析
Unit 15 虚拟语气
1. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ______ it without you.
A. can manage B. could have managed
C. could manage D. can have managed
2. Some scientists say it is important that the amount of air pollution in big cities ______.
A. reduce B. be reduced C. reduced D. will be reduced
3. They ordered that for every tree cut down two more ________.
A. must be planted B. have to be planted C. be planted D. plant
4. -- Did you see the film yesterday?
---Yes, but ___________.
A. I'd not rather do it B. I'd rather not have done it
C. I'd better not do it D. I'd rather not doing it
5. The officer commanded that all the soldiers _______ early.
A. must come B. came C. come D. had to come
6. The little boy requested that he _______ to attend the party the next Saturday.
A. could permit B. could be permitted C. must permit D. be permitted
7. It is required that a foreign language student _______ two foreign languages in college.
A. must learn B. learn C. has to learn D. learns
8. --I'd like to see a film tonight, Mum.
-- _________. After all, your final exam is drawing near.
A. I'd rather not B. I'd rather you mustn't
C. I'd rather you didn't D. I'd rather you won't
9. My grandpa can clearly remember his experiences in the long March as though he _______ them just now.
A. were experiencing B. experiences C. has experienced D. experienced
10. How I wish I ________ in medicine instead of history when I was at college!
A. had majored B. should major C. majored D. would major
11. ---I haven't seen Diana at the party.
---If it were not for the fact that she _____ too busy with her work, I _____ her.
A. was; will invite B. should be; would invite
C. is; would invite D. had been: will invite
12. He hadn't got everything ready, otherwise he _______ the job interview the other day.
A. would have passed B. had passed C. would pass D. passed
13. Supposing I _______ the plane this morning, I'm sure I ______ over the Atlantic now.
A. had caught; would be flying B. caught; was flying
C. had caught; would have flown D. catches; will be flying
14. ---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
---But I wish I ________ that now.
A. couldn't do B. haven't done C. hadn't done D. didn't do
15. We all agree on his suggestion that the school _____the money for a new playground.
A. will use B. used C. uses D. use
16. The great changes ________ if there _______ the economic reform in our country.
A. would never have taken place; hadn't been
B. would never take place; wouldn't have been
C. had never taken place; were not
D. had never taken place; wouldn't have been
17. If you ________ the bus, we ________ the wonderful film in the cinema now.
A. don't miss; are enjoying B. didn't miss; are enjoying
C. had not missed; would be enjoying D. had not missed; were enjoying
18. I would like to propose Mr. Harrison _______ the important task.
A. undertake B. undertakes C. undertook D. will undertake
19. Thank you for having given me a hand. I _____ in the experiment without your valuable help.
A. haven't failed B. mustn't have succeeded
C. couldn't have succeeded D. had failed
20. John's mother still insists ________ to the dangerous place alone.
A. that he not go B. not to go C. that he would not go D. not going
21. _________ not busy with my work at the moment, I'd be glad to have a chat with you.
A. I were B. Were I C. If I am D. If am I
22. Mary's pale face suggested that she _____ ill and I suggested that she ______ a doctor.
A. was; see B. be; would see C. be; see D. was; saw
23. It's time that you ________ home and I'd rather you _____ again tomorrow.
A. went; would come B. went; came C. go; are coming D. are going; will come
24. It is high time that you _________ down to some reading, or other students will leave you behind.
A. got B. will get C. have got D. get
25. It is necessary, absolutely, that all the books borrowed form the library _______ this morning.
A. should return B. be returned C. be returning D. must return
26. ________ adequate preparations, we might have succeeded.
A. If we made B. Have we made C. As we made D. Had we made
27. I am not getting on well with my studies. _____ I hadn't wasted so much time playing online games!
A. What if B. Even if C. If only D. Only if
28. I ______ a doctor now if I _______ medical science when I was at university.
A. were; studied B. would be; had studied
C. had been; had studied D. Would have been; studied
29. I forget where I read the article, or I ________ it to you now.
A. will show B. would show C. am going to show D. am showing
30. ---He will come tomorrow.
---But I’d rather he _____ the day after tomorrow.
A. will come B. is coming C. came D. had come
31. The patient insisted that he _______ ill and _______ to the hospital.
A. wasn’t, wasn’t sent B. wasn’t, shouldn’t be sent
C. shouldn’t be, wasn’t sent D. shouldn’t be, shouldn’t be sent
32. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ____ a goal.
A. had scored B. scored C. would score D. would have scored
33. If only he _______ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.
A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie
34. Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night ____ for us to live.
A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldly
C. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly
35. You didn’t let me drive. If we ________ in turn, you ________ so tired.
A. drove; didn’t get B. drove; wouldn’t get
C. were driving; wouldn’t get D. had driven; wouldn’t have got
36. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______.
A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken
37. But for the help you gave me, I _______ the examinations.
A. would have passed B. would pass
C. wouldn’t have passed D. wouldn’t pass
38. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy . (2010年高考浙江卷)
A. would have been saved B. had been saved
C. will be saved D. was saved
39. John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him. (2010年高考天津卷)
A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told
40. ---Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.
---Oh, you __________ have done it as yesterday was the deadline. (2010年高考上海卷)
A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't
41. If we _________ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. (2010年高考陕西卷)
A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken
42. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he _________ more on its culture. (2010年高考江苏卷)
A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused
43. If he my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job. (2010年高考湖南卷)
A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow
44. ---The weather has been very hot and dry.
---Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables _________. (2010年高考北京卷)
A. wouldn't die B. didn't die C. hadn't died D. wouldn't have died
45. This printer is of good quality. If it __________ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. (2009年高考天津卷)
A. would B. should C. could D. might
46. But for their help, we __________ the program in time. (2009年高考安徽卷)
A. can not finish B. will not finish
C. had not finished D. could not have finished
47. He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he _________ it differently. (2009年高考江苏卷)
A. could express B. would express
C. could have expressed D. must have expressed
48. But for the help of my English teacher, I _________ the first prize in the English Writing Competition. (2009年高考福建卷)
A. would not win B. would not have won
C. would win D. would have won
49. The doctor recommended that you ________ swim after eating a large meal. (2009年高考浙江卷)
A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
虚拟语气解析
1. 解析:答案为B。根据本题中提供的语境应该是“我认为如果没有您的帮助,我们不可能已经完成的”,明显是对过去的虚拟,因此应该用情态动词的过去式+完成时态。
2. 【解析】答案为B。在It is / was + important / impossible / natural / necessary / possible ＋ that ... 结构中，that从句使用 “(should)+动词原形”结构。在本句中，reduce与the amount of air pollution之间是动宾关系，故使用被动语态。
3. 【解析】答案为C。order作“要求”讲时，其宾语从句一般使用虚拟语气“(should) + 动词原形”。
4. 【解析】答案为B。从答句中的but可以推断说话者对于这场电影并没有好感。I’d rather not do sth. 我宁愿没有做…；另外，see the film发生在过去，句子是对过去情况的一种虚拟，故用其完成形式，选B。
5. 【解析】答案为C。在command, decide, insist等动词的宾语从句中，谓语动词通常使用“should + 动词原形”这一结构，其中，should可以省略。
6. 【解析】答案为D。request后接that从句作宾语时，从句中的谓语动词常用“（should） + 动词原形”结构。
7. 【解析】答案为B。在“it is required / demand ... + that ...”句型中，从句常常使用虚拟语气，即“should + 动词原形”结构，其中should可以省略。句意：一个学外语的学生在大学时要求学两门外语。
8. 【解析】答案为C。would rather宁愿，后接从句要用虚拟语气，表示对现在或将来情况的假设，从句谓语动词用过去式。根据句中的时间状语tonight可知此处表示与将来事实相反，故选C。I’d rather not. 我宁愿不。
9. 【解析】答案为D。句意：爷爷能够清晰地记起他在长征中的经历，就好像他刚才经历一样。句中can remember表示现在的情况，故as if 从句中用一般过去时来表示虚拟语气。
10. 【解析】答案为A。动词wish后面的宾语从句中的谓语动词需用虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反用一般过去时，表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。根据when I was at college判断，这里要表达的是与过去事实相反的愿望，故用had majored。
11. 【解析】答案为C。根据语境可判断是对与现在事实相反的虚拟语气的考查，主句应是would do; if从句用一般过去时(were)；因她忙于工作是个现在的事实，故使用一般现在时。
12. 【解析】答案为A。句意：他没有做好充分的准备，否则前几天他就通过那次工作面试了。otherwise否则，要不然，后面要跟虚拟语气。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，应该用would have done的形式，故选A项。
13. 【解析】答案为A。 supposing引导的句子是个条件状语从句。由提供语境可知，该句为错综时间的条件句，从句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，应该用had done，而主语是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，且强调正在进行，故选A 。
14. 【解析】答案为C。 考查wish后宾语从句用虚拟语气。根据语境“现在我希望当时没那么做”，应是与过去事实相反，故为hadn’t done。
15. 【解析】答案为D。在名词demand, suggestion, request, order等的同位语从句中, 常用虚拟语气形式 “should+动词原形”, should可以省略。
16. 【解析】答案为A。该句主句和从句都是对过去事实进行虚拟，所以从句动词用had done形式, 主句动词用would have done形式。
17. 【解析】答案为C。句意: 要不是你误了公共汽车的话，我们现在正在电影院看那部精彩的电影呢。该句为错综时间条件句的虚拟语气。从句表示与过去的事实相反，主句表示与现在正在发生的情况相反。因此C项正确。
18. 【解析】答案为A。propose提议，建议，后面的宾语从句应该用虚拟语气，句中谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should可以省略，故选A。
19. 【解析】答案为C。虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反时，主句用couldn’t have done，表示（过去）原本不可能做到。
20. 【解析】答案为A。insist作“坚持要求”讲时,从句谓语动词应用虚拟语气,一般为should +动词原形,should可以省略。本句中从句为其否定式。insist后常加on/upon doing sth,一般不接动词不定式。
21. 【解析】答案为B。本句是与现在事实相反的非真实条件句,条件从句的谓语用be的过去式were。如果条件句中省略了if,则要用倒装结构,将were提到主语之前。
22. 【解析】答案为A。第一个suggest意为“表明；暗示”，后接that从句时，从句中谓语动词一般用陈述语气；而第二个suggest意为“建议”，后接that从句时从句中谓语动词一般要用虚拟语气，即“（should）+动词原形”。
23. 【解析】答案为B。It’s time 后面的从句中的谓语动词用过去式；would rather 后面的从句常用一般过去时，表示强烈的愿望。
24. 【解析】答案为A。It is high time that ... 句型中，从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气，常用过去式，意为“该是做某事的时候了”。句意：该是你安下心来看点书的时候了；否则，你就会落在别的同学后面了。
25. 【解析】答案为B。英语中有一些形容词在意义上与情态或意愿有关，如necessary, essential, important, impossible等。当用it充当形式主语而用它们充当表语时，作真正主语的that从句的谓语动词一般使用虚拟形式“(should) + 动词原形”。本题中return与books之间是动宾关系，所以应该用其被动形式(should) be returned。
26. 【解析】答案为D。从后半句可以看出，“我们”并没有成功，排除A项和C项；少数助动词或情态动词如had, were, should, could, might等在条件句中可以省略if，而用主谓部分的倒装来表示非真实的条件关系。
27. 【解析】答案为C。句意为：我现在的学习情况不是很好，要是我没有浪费那么多时间玩网络游戏就好了。if only表达强烈的愿望或遗憾，意为“要是……就好了”，后常接过去时或过去完成时，表示虚拟语气。
28. 【解析】答案为B。本题考查错综虚拟语气。本句中从句是对过去的虚拟，而主句是对现在的虚拟。句意为：如果我在大学是学医学的话，我现在就当医生了。
29. 【解析】答案为B。根据上文的语境可知句中的 or 隐含有一个虚拟的条件，即 or=if I didn’t forget where I read the article（要是我没忘记我在哪儿读过这篇文章的话——但事实上忘了）。
30. 【解析】答案为C。would rather 后接that 从句时，从句谓语通常要用虚拟语气，即用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成时表示过去。
31. 【解析】答案为B。insist后的从句谓语有时用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，一般说来，若该谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生，或尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气；若该谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生，或已经成为事实，则要用陈述语气。
32. 【解析】答案为D。这是otherwise 引出的含蓄虚拟语气，再根据前面的 hesitated 可进一步知道这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，由此可推知答案选 D。
33. 【解析】答案为C。if only 意为“要是……就好了”，其后的句子谓语要用虚拟语气，同时根据 as the doctor instructed 中的过去时态可知从句是与过去事实相反，故选 C。
34. 【解析】答案为A。without 引出的介词短语为一个与现在事实相反的含蓄条件句。
35. 【解析】答案为D。根据句中的 didn’t let me drive 可知，这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气句，条件句的谓语用 had+过去分词，主句谓语用 would / should / could / might have+过去分词。
36. 【解析】答案为C。as if 引导虚拟语气，表明与现在事实相反。
37. 【解析】答案为C。but for 的意思是“若不是，要不是”，用于引出与事实相反的假设，通常与虚拟语气连用。根据句中的 the help you gave me，可知它表示与过去事实相反。
38.【解析】答案A。本题考查虚拟语气。根据句子的倒装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟语气，原形是：If I had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .表示与过去的事实相反，主句故用would have加过去分词结构。句意为：如果我早知道这个电脑程序，就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。
39.【解析】答案D。考查虚拟语气。前一句是陈述语气，说明动发生在过去，而且后一句的主句已经是would have gone说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构，应该用had +过去分词。句意是：约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我的话，我会跟他一起去的。
40.【解析】答案C。考查虚拟语气。此处表示和过去事实相反的情况，应该用should + have + 过去分词。本来应该做，而未做。句意为：---对不起，斯密斯教授，我昨天没有完成所指派的任务。---哎，你本应该做完的，因为昨天是最后期限。
41.【解析】答案B。考查虚拟语气。根据主句的谓语动词形式might have arrived可知题干是与过去事实相反，故用had+过去分词形式。句意为：如果我们走别的路的话，我们也许能按时到达会场。
42.【解析】答案B。考查虚拟语气。表示与现在时间相反，用动词的过去式。句意为：乔治打算谈论他国家的地理情况，要是他多关注点他国家的文化就更好了。
43.【解析】答案C。考查虚拟语气。根据“wouldn’t have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，故选C项。句意为：要是他听从我的建议，他就不会失去他的工作了。
44.【解析】答案D。考查虚拟语气。根据if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，可知die用couldn’t / shouldn't / wouldn't have done 结构。真实情况是：由于没下一滴雨，我的菜也死了。这件事都发生在过去。句意为：---天又热又干燥。---是啊。要是当时就下一滴雨，现在的情况就好多了！我的蔬菜也就不会死了。
45.【解析】答案B。考查虚拟语气用法。由句意可知，第二句的条件句是对将来事实相反的假设，其形式是：条件句的谓语为be to do, 动词用过去时，或should +动词原形。句意是：这台打印机质量好。如果在第一年内有故障的话，我们会自费修理。
46.【解析】答案D。考查虚拟语气。这是对过去的虚拟。表示与过去的事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用“had+过去分词”，主句中的谓语动词用“would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词” 。例如：If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the examination.(你要是听我的建议的话，你在考试中就不会不及格了。)句意是：要不是有他们的帮助，我们就不会及时完成这项工程。
47.【解析】答案C。考查虚拟语气。he could have expressed it differently.他要是用另一种方式来说该多好啊。could have done表示过去可以做而实际上未能去做的事。句意是：他不后悔说出自己所做的事，但觉得原本可以换个方式来表达。
48.【解析】答案B。考查虚拟语气。此处虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，句子谓语动词用would/should/could/might + have done结构。句意是：要不是有我的英语老师的帮助，我就不能在英语写作比赛中获得一等奖。
49.【解析】答案D。考查虚拟语气的用法。recommend后接的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句中的谓语动词要用“（should）+动词原形”。句意是：医生劝你吃饱饭后不要去游泳。