全国通用2011届高考英语语法专题名师导读精析精练集：形容词、副词

全国通用2011届高考英语语法专题名师导读精析精练集：形容词、副词
高考考点导向
对形容词和副词的考查力度会保持相对稳定，词义辨析、形容词、副词比较级和最高级的用法仍会是考查热点，尤需注意比较级在特定结构中的含义与结构省略。此外也要掌握多个形容词修饰同一名词时的排列次序。形容词及副词的考题在单项选择中原则上会出现，不 超过15道题的题量，不可能每年都考查到，但在完形填空和短文改错中肯定会考查。
高考考题解析
[考题1](NMET典型例题 It's always difficult being in a foreign country，_________if you don't speak the language．
A．extremely B．naturally C．basically D．especially
[解析]句意是“在国外生活总是困难重重，特别是你如果不会说这种语言的话。”表示特别在某种状况下，需用especially。选项A中的extremely表示“非常地”，选项B中的naturally表示“自然地”，选项C中的basically表示“基本地；基础地”。
[答案]D
[考题2](NMET 典型例题 _________to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills．
A． Brave enough students B． Enough brave students
C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave
[解析]enough修饰形容词时其位置应在形容词的后面，因此可排除B、D两项。从题干结构来看，students应是句子主语，修饰主语的brave enough相当于一个定语从句，其位置应在主语后面。
[答案]C
[考题3](NMET 典型例题t is generally believed that teaching is _________it is a science.
A. an art much as B. much an art as
C. as an art much as D. as much an art as
[解析]本题主要涉及副词的同级比较以及同级比较中插入名词、冠词后的语序问题。 as．．．as结构形式如下：as + adj． +a/an+ n． +as．．．或as + adv．+as。例如：
He is as clever a boy as you．
选项D正好与此结构相符。
类似用法的还有：how，so，too等。例如：How clever a girl she is!
[答案]D
[考题4](典型例题)
Many people have helped with canned food, however, the food bank needs _________for the tx)or.
A. more B. much
C. many D. most
[解析]句意是：许多人拿罐头食品提供了帮助，但穷人需要更多的库存食物。food bank指“库存食物”，bank此处是“库，库存”。在本句中，many people与the poor进行比较，所以要用比较级more。
[答案]A
[考题5](典型例题)
I am surprised that you should have been fooled by such a (an)_________trick.
A. ordinary B. easy C. smart D. simple
[解析]句意是：你被如此简单的一种诡计所愚弄，我真感到惊奇。simple表示“简单的，不复杂的”，易被“破解”的。选项C中的smart表示“聪明的”，ordinary意思为“平常的”，而具迷惑性的easy指“容易的”，易被“理解”的。例如：The text is easy (difficult) to understand．
[答案]D
[考题6](典型例题)
—I'm very _________with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.
—Mm, it does have a _________smell.
A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased
C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasant
[解析]be pleased with表示“对……满意”。pleasant的意思是“令人愉快的；讨人喜欢的；称心的等”。也就是说pleased表示自己感到满意，pleasant表示让别人感到快乐等。
[答案]D
[考题7](典型例题)
—You're always working. Come on, let's go shopping.
—_________ you ever want to do is going shopping.
A. Anything B. Something C. All D. That
[解析]最后一句话的意思是：你所想干的事只是逛商店。all表示“所有(你想干的事)”。句中ever的意思是“永远地，不断地，老是”。例如：He's ever ready to find fault．他总喜欢挑(别人的)的毛病。
[答案]C
[考题8](典型例题)
Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea._________, neither of them could swim.
A. In fact B. Luckily
C. Unfortunately D. Naturally
[解析]“两个中年游客掉进海里，他们两个谁都不会游泳。”这显然是一件不幸的事。
[答案]C
[考题9](典型例题)
All the people _________at the party were his supporters.
A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important
[解析]present作后置定语意思是“在场的”，作前置定语意思是“目前的”。本题题意是“参加聚会的人都是他的支持者”。
[答案]A
[考题10](典型例题春招)
Americans eat _________vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.
A. more than twice B. as twice as many
C. twice as many as D. more than twice as many
[解析]more than twice表示数量，放在as．．．as．．．结构前的意思是“是……的两倍多”。本题题意是“美国人现在每人所吃的蔬菜是1910年的两倍多”。
英语中表示倍数的句式有：
倍数十as十形容词(副词)原级十as
倍数十形容词(副词)比较级十than
倍数+the+(size，weight，height，depth，length，width等名词)十of．．．
形容词比较级+than．．．+by．．．倍数
倍数十what从句
[答案]D
[考题11](典型例题)
As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn,_________.
A. the more for life are you equipped B. the more equipped for life you are
C. the more life you are equipped for D. you are equipped the more for life
[解析]从所提供的情景the more you leam，并结合所给的选项可以确定这是“the+形容词(副词)的比较级+陈述句，the+形容词(副词)的比较级十陈述句”的句型，表示“越……越……”。本题题意是“我认为，教育是关于学习的事，你学得越多，你对生活准备得越充分。”
[答案]B
[考题12](典型例题)
It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood _________to her mother.
A. close B. closely C. closed D. closing
[解析]close和closely皆可作副词，但意义有别：close指“近地”“接/靠近地”；closely常用比喻性意义，意为“密切地”。Close to意为“接近”，本句中做状语。本题题意是“天下着大雨。小玛丽感到很冷，所以她紧紧地站在母亲身旁。”
[答案]A
[考题13](NMET典型例题oris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has _________IQ.
A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest
[解析]本题考查的是形容词比较级的用法。根据题意： “Boris，智力超群。事实上，我怀疑班里是否有人智商超过他。”答案应在B和C项中选择，选用形容词的比较级。形容词的比较级+名词，名词前加不定冠词a表示泛指。例如：
If there were no examinations, we should have a much happier time at schoo1.
但要注意下列句型：
Which is the larger country，Canada or Australia?
(如果没有名词country，则可以直接用形容词的比较级，省略the)
If the manager had to choose between the two，he would say John was the better choice．
He is the better of the two．
[答案]B
[考题14](典型例题)
—You don't look very _________Are you iii?—No, I'm just a bit tired.
A. good B. well C. strong D. healthy
[解析]well作形容词，意为“身体好”，指一时的情况；good指“(为人)心地好”； healthy指长时间身体和精神方面的总情况；strong指“强壮”。
[答案]B
[考题15](典型例题)
—I was riding along the street and all of a sudden, a car cut in and knocked me down.
—You can never be _________careful in the street.
A. much B. very C. so D. too
[解析]“can never + v. +too．．．”，意为“越……越好”，“再……也不为过”。
[答案]D
[考题16](典型例题春招)
According to the recent survey, cancer is the leading cause of death among young adults in this area, _________women.
A. apparently B. especially C. exactly D. probably
[解析]especially意为“尤其”，用来加强语气，符合本题语境。
[答案]B
[考题17](典型例题春招)
After supper she would sit down by the fire, sometimes for _________an hour, thinking of her young and happy days.
A. as long as B. as scon as
C. as much as D. as many as
[解析]as long as意为“(时间)长达……”，与其后的an hour这个时间名词相对应。
[答案]A
[考题18](典型例题春招)
Many students signed up for the _________race in the sports meeting to be held next week.
A. 800-metre-long B. 800-metres-long
C. 800 metre length D. 800 metres length
[解析]在由名词构成的复合形容词里面，可数名词均为单数形式。
[答案]A
[考题19](NMET 典型例题llen had to call a taxi because the box was _________to carry all the way home.
A. much too heavy B. too much heavy
C. heavy too much D. to heavy much
[解析]此题考查词汇知识。语法环境是在系表结构be + adj．中adj．的修饰词问题。语言环境是“日常生活中的乘出租车”问题。利用词语辨析即可获解。而且该题所考查的词组，最容易排除的便是C、D两项，在这两个选项中，词的修饰关系非常混乱，故为错误选
项；B项too为“太……”，much为修饰不可数名词的“多……”，因此too much应该用来修饰不可数名词，意为“太多的……”，如：too much money；too much time，其近义词为too many“太多……”，如：too many people；too many books等。答案应为A。much too与后面的to构成“too．．．to．．．”结构意为“太……而不能……”，从而判断出修饰heavy的核心应是too，much是进一步限制too。
[答案]A
[考题20](典型例题)
Come and see me whenever_________.
A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient
C. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you
[解析]convenient作表语，不能用人作主语；在时间状语从句中，应用一般时代替将来时。
[答案]C
[考题21](典型例题)
Our neighbor has _________ours.
A. as a big house as B. as big a house as
C. the same big house as D. a house the same big as
[解析]在as．．．as．．．结构中，前一个as是副词，修饰形容词，然后加冠词及名词；same作形容词，其后只能接名词。
[答案]B
[考题22](典型例题)
The house rent is expensive. I've got about half the space I had at home and I'm paying_________here.
A. as three times much B. as much three times
C. much as three times D. three times as much
[解析]倍数的表达式通常在前面，因此可确定答案为D。另外，as后引导的比较状语从句常省略，即as much (the rent as I should pay for double the space)。
[答案]D
[考题23](典型例题)
The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _________pic-tures of them.
A. many of B. masses of
C. the number of D. a large amount of
[解析]masses of意为“大量的”，后可接可数名词，也可接不可数名词；a larse amount of之后只能接不可数名词。
[答案]B
[考题24](典型例题)
Shanghai is really a fascinating city and we've decided to stay for _________two weeks.
A. another B. other C. the other D. other's
[解析]another two weeks意为“另外两周”，相当于two more/other weeks。应特别注意another与more，other的位置区别。
[答案]A
[考题25](典型例题)
It is believed that if a book is _________it will surely _________the reader.
A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interested
C. interested; be interesting D. interesting; interest
[解析]表达事物的性质或特征时，需用现在分词，而指人时一般用过去分词；interest用作及物动词，意思是“使(某人)(对……)感兴趣”。
[答案]D
[考题26](典型例题)
My grandfather is as _________as a young man and hates sitting around doing nothing all day.
A. enthusiastic B. energetic C. talkative D. sensitive
[解析]energetic；精力充沛的；enthusiastic：热心的；talkative：健谈的；sensitive：敏感的。
[答案]B
[考题27](典型例题)
Broadly speaking, I would agree with Shirley, though not_________.
A. widely B. thoroughly C. entirely D. extensively
[解析]entirely表示全体意义，和not连用表示部分否定。
[答案]C
[考题28](典型例题)
We went in _________when we left that we forgot the airline tickets.
A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush
C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush
[解析]本题考查了冠词和形容词在句中的位置。Such + a(n)+ adj．+n．=so + a (n) +a (n) +n.，such是形容词，其中心词应是名词；so是副词，其中心词是形容词或副词。
[答案]D
[考题29](NMET 典型例题 must be getting fat—I can _________do my trousers up.
A. fairly B. hardly C. nearly D. seldom
[解析]do my trousers up指“扣上裤子”的纽扣，因此hardly与getting fat一致。句意为“我一定在发胖——我几乎扣不上裤子”。
[答案]B
[考题30](典型例题春季)
Although I can walk about, there is still a _________pain in my leg.
A. weak B. slight C. tender D. soft
[解析]slight adj．轻微的。如：I have a slight headache．我有点轻微的头疼。
[答案]B
[考题31](典型例题春季)
I have worked with him for some time and have found that he is _________than John.
A. more efficiency a worker B. a more efficient worker
C. more an efficient worker D. a worker more efficiently
[解析]注意冠词、形容词比较级和名词的位置关系。
[答案]B
[考题32](NMET 典型例题)
The _________house smells as if it hasn't been lived in for years.
A. little white wooden B. little wooden white
C. white wooden little D. woolen white little
[解析]关于多个形容词作定语的排列顺序问题总体上遵循一个规律，即表客观的、不可改变的形容词离名词近，主观的则离得较远。little带有主观性，离最远；wooden最能说明其特色，离最近。
[答案]A
[考题33](典型例题春季)
Finnish President said Finland-China relations had progressed _________with fruitful co-operation in new and high-tech fields.
A. peacefully B. highly C. quietly D. smoothly
[解析]smoothly adv．平稳地，此处说明两国关系平稳地向前发展。
[答案]D
[考题34](典型例题春季)
_________, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.
A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely
C. Strange enough D. Enough strange
[解析]enough修饰形容词、副词通常后置。此处：“奇怪的是”用副词。
[答案]A
高考仿真训练
1. John plays football_________, if not better than, David.
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
2. Of the two shirts, I'd like to choose _________one.
A. the less expensive B. the most expensive
C. less expensive D. most expensive
3. Can you believe that in _________a rich country there should be _________many poor people?
A. such; such B. such; so C. so; so D. so; such
4.—How was your recent visit to Qingdao?
—It was great. We visited .some friends, and spent the _________days at the seaside.
A. few last sunny B. last few sunny
C. last sunny few D. few sunny last
5. It was _________late to catch a bus after the party, therefore we called a taxi.
A. too very B. much too C. too much D. far
6. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard_________.
A. the better voice B. a good voice
C. the best voice D. a better voice
7._________book of this writer is East and West.
A. Known to be the best B. It was the best known
C. Known as the best D. The best known
8. _________friends Betty had made there were all invited to her birthday party.
A. Few of B. Few C. The few D. A few
9. When I came back, my mother was not _________ready for meals.
A. almost B. nearly C. fairly D. hardly
10. There are things people accept less _________you defend them.
A. as B. while C. the moment D. the more
参考答案
1．B．从句提示的信息是：即使John足球踢得不比David好的话，至少也踢得与他一样好。这是表示双方在程度或特征等某方面不相上下。
2．A．“Of the two shirts”这一前置句首的介词短语所提示的语境是：选择的范围就在这两件衬衫之间。因此可排除B、D两个选项，而被选中的那一件属特指，因此需在名词前用定冠词，故选A：the less expensive。
3．B．前一空待选项所修饰的是单数可数名词country，因此需用形容词such。后一空待选项所修饰的是复数意味的集合名词people前的many。当复数名词前有many、few，不可数名词前有much，little等表示“量”的形容词时，该用so而不用such。
4．B．本题中三个形容词，last属序数词类，few属基数词类，sunny属描述性类形容词。当有多个形容词修饰同一名词时，种类不同，其次序如何排列，其原则是按照越表示人(或物)内在特征的，其位置则越靠近被修饰的那个词语。
5．B．此句中表示的意义是“天太晚，赶不上公交车了。”选项C的toomuch的意思是“许多”“大量的”，有超过某种需要与程度的含义(more than enough)，这一结构中的中心词是形容词的原级much，too是修饰much的，表示强调。
6．D．“a better voice”是“比她唱得更好”的另一种说法。此题并没有直接表明比较的范围和对象，而是通过上下文所提示的语境做出暗示，进行比较，所以需用形容词的比较级来修饰名词voice(嗓音)。
7．D．此题的主语是book，其后的of this writer是对前面主语做出限定，用最高级修饰book，说明该作家最著名的一本书是“East and West”。B选项用his．．。句型，句中结构不对。
8．C题干中“Betty had made there'’是定语从句，其先行词是friends。全句句意为：Betty在那儿结交的为数不多的朋友都被邀请来参加她的生日聚会。
9．D．almost不可与not连用，not nearly相同于hardly，not nearly．．．意思为：远远不(够)。此题考查对副词的理解和运用。
10．D．本句句意为“有些事你越为它们辩解，人们越不愿接受”。people would．．．是定语从句，修饰the things。