Module 2 The natural world Unit 3 the earth Grammar课件

课件31张PPT。Unit 3 Grammar Countable & Uncountable Noun观察下面的句子并小结：
1.This is a pen./ That is an apple.
2.The dress is beautiful./The water is clean.
3.We have four/many/some/lots of books.
4.We drink some/lots of water.
5.Some bread is on the table.小结：1.____________（可数名词/不可数名词）表示具体个别存在的事物，有单、复数形式，表示__________（单数/复数）时与不定冠词a／an连用，表示______（单数/复数）时，名．词之后通常要加-s或-es，可与数词，以及表示一定数量的many , some , lots of 等连用, 如例1、3；_____________（可数名词/不可数名词）没有复数形式，不可与不定冠词a／an或数词连用。
2.定冠词the和数词，以及表示一定数量的_________, _________等既可位于可数名词前，也可位于不可数名词前，如例2、3、4、
3.不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，be 动词要用__________（is/are）,如例2、5。????可数名词单数复数不可数名词somemanyisI want to eat______an applesome apples an egg eggsan orange two orangesa watchtwo watchesfive mangoesthree applestwo tomatoesbook---books desk---desks pen---pens… one baby two babiestomato-tomatoesmango-mangoes radio- radiosa shelf（架子）three shelvesa knifethree knives下面的名词哪些是可数名词？哪些是不可数名词？
Bread egg lemon biscuit apple potato milk coffee juice tomato
可数名词：______________________________________________________________________________
不可数名词：______________________________________________________________________________你能写出下面名词的复数形式吗？
1. animal________ 2. map _________
3. nose __________ 4. class________
5. story ________ 6. day ________
7.life _________ 8. tomato ________
9. photo_________ 10. mouth________ 可数名词复数的构成方法：A. 规则变化：
1.一般的名词词尾直接加-s。如：
　　book→books room→rooms　　house→houses day→days
　　2.以s，ss，ch，sh，x结尾的名词，在词尾加-es。如：
　　bus→buses glass→glasses
　　watch→watches
　　dish→dishes box→boxes
3.以"辅音字母+y"结尾的名词，要先将y改为i再加-es。如：
　　city→cities body→bodies
　　factory→factories等等。
　4.以f或fe结尾的名词，要将f或fe改为v再加-es。如：
　　half→halves leaf→leaves
　　knife→knives wife→wives　B.不规则变化：
[悄悄话：特例常常考，要记住。]
　　①child→children
　　②man→men woman→women
　　policeman→policemen
　　(规律：man→men)
　　③tomato→tomatoes
　　potato→potatoes
　　[悄悄话：初中英语以o结尾的名词变复数时只有这两个词加-es，其余的当然加-s喽！如：photo→photos]
　　④foot→feet tooth→teeth
　　[悄悄话：oo变成ee。]
　　⑤sheep，Chinese，Japanese单、复数同形[悄悄话：变复数时词形不变。]
　　⑥people单数形式表示复数意义，要求谓语动词用复数；people的复数形式peoples通常指“多个民族”写出下列名词的复数形式：
1. desk _________ 2. dish__________ 3. watch_________
4. bridge________ 5. way_________ 6. knife_________
7. half_________ 8. potato_________ 9.hero__________ 10.path_________ 11.tooth__________ 12.Chinese___________ 13.country_________ 14.child_________ 15.woman__________
16. sheep________ 17.city________用所给名词的适当形式填空：
1. How many________(sheep) are there on the hill?　　
2. There is some________(food) in the basket.
3. The baby has only two________(tooth) now.
4. There is a lot of________(water) in the bottle.
5. There are five________(people) in his family.
6. Let's take________(photo), OK? 7. I have lots of________(tomato) here.
　　8. The________(leaf) on the tree turn yellow.
　　9. The________(child) are playing games on the playground now.
　　10. Their________(dictionary) look new.
　　11. I see you have a few white________(hair).
　　12. They are________(woman) doctors.
　　13. Can you give me some bottles of ____ (orange), please?
　　14. There are many________(fox) in the picture.
　　15. I would like some apple________(juice). I am very thirsty.观察下面的句子并小结：
1. There is a big library near my school.
2.There is lots of pollution in the city .
3.There are many students in the classroom
4. There is a pen , a ruler and two pencils on the desk.
5.There are four pictures and a map on the wall.小结：
通过观察，我们可知there be句型的具体用法：
1．在there be句型中，当be之后接的主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时，be动词_______（单数/复数）形式，如例1、2；当be之后接的主语是可数名词复数时，be动词用_________（单数/复数）形式，如例3：
2．在there be句型中，当be之后接的主语是两个或两个以上的名词（短语）时，be动词的形式通常与其最近的__________保持数的一致，即遵循“就近原则”，如例4、5。There is a beautiful world under the water.
There is a lot of pollution on Earth.
Is there any water in the glass?
肯定回答: Yes, there is.
否定回答: No, there isn’t.B Using there is / are …We often use there is … or there are … to say that something exists somewhere.There are different plants and animals on Earth.
Are there five apples in the bag?
肯定回答: Yes, there are.
否定回答: No, there aren’t.
There be 句型表示人或物的存在★ 常见的 There be 形式如下：
肯定式：There is / are …
否定式：There is / are not …
疑问式：Is / Are there …?
★ There is + 单数可数名词或不可数名词
There are + 复数可数名词
There be 句型中，be动词的单复数遵循“就近原则”例如：
There is a glass of water and three apples on the table.
There are three apples and a glass of water on the table.We use _________ with a singular noun or an uncountable noun.
We use __________ with a plural noun.there isthere areWork out the ruleJane: _______ pollution in the sea. What can
we do to help protect the sea?
Danny: ________ many things we can do. We
can have a beach clean-up day. You
see, ________ always many bottles on
the beaches. They pollute the sea. There isThere arethere areJane is asking Danny about what can do to help protect the sea. Complete their conversation with there is (not), is there, there are or are there.Jane: That’s a good idea! What else can we
do?
Danny: We can ask people not to eat shark fin
soup. ________ a seafood restaurant
near your home?
Jane: No,_________. _________ any other
things we can do to help?Is therethere isn’tAre there根据句意，用 be 动词的适当形式填空。
1. There ____ four seasons in a year.
2. There ____ a basketball under the bed.
3. There ____(not) any stamps on the envelope
(信封).
4. There ____ three glasses of water on the table.
5. There ____ lots of apple juice in the bottle.areisaren’tareis6. ____ there any birds in the tree?
7. There ____ too many students in the playground.
8. There ____ some tomatoes and beef in the basket.
9. — ____ there a post office near your school?
— Yes, there ____. AreareareIs isHomework：Finish the exercise paperThank you!