2018年高考英语热点题型和提分秘籍 特殊句式

特殊句式比较杂乱，掌握起来有一定的难度。其中倒装句是高考的热点，强调句是高考的难点。同时，祈使句与陈述句的区别、省略与替代的合理运用也是高考考查的重点项目。近三年的高考题更加注重考查知识之间的交叉现象，如在考查强调句的同时考查定语从句，把省略、强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句的考查等融合在一起，考查考生综合把握语言知识的能力。
热点题型一 倒装句
例1、In front of the farmhouse ________ (lie) a peasant boy.
【答案】lay
【提分秘籍】
1全部倒装
(1)表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, on the wall, under the tree等置于句首，且主语是名词时。
①John opened the door.There stood a girl he had never seen before.
约翰打开门，那儿站着一位他从来没见过的女孩。
②Just in front of the bus lies an injured man, all covered with blood.
公共汽车的前面躺着一个受伤的人，浑身是血。
(2)代词such放在句首，且在句中作表语时。
Such are the facts; no one can deny them.
这些就是事实；没有人可以否认。
(3)为平衡句子结构或使上下文衔接紧密，常将作表语的形容词、副词、分词或介词短语提到句首，引起全部倒装。
①Seated in the first line are some advanced workers.
坐在第一排的是一些资深工人。
②Present at the meeting were some scientists from China.
许多来自中国的科学家出席了会议。
注意：上述情况中，若主语是人称代词，则不用倒装。
③Away they went.
他们走了。
【举一反三】
________ (sit) under the tree was a charming girl aged about seventeen or eighteen.
【解析】考查动词形式变化。根据句式结构可以判断，该句为全部倒装，句子主语是“a charming girl”，用进行时态，故填sitting。句意：在树下坐着一个十七八岁的女孩。
【答案】Sitting
热点题型二 部分倒装
例2、 From the picture we know, ________ happy do the children feel that they are wild with joy.
【答案】So
【提分秘籍】
(1)so/neither/nor＋助动词/情态动词＋主语(表示前一句中的内容也适合另一人或另一事物)
①If Joe's wife won't go to the party, neither will he.
如果Joe的妻子不参加晚会，他也不去。
②She has been to New York. So have I.
她去过纽约，我也去过。
注意：so表示“是的，确实”时，主谓语不倒装。
－It is too hot.
－So it is.
——天太热了。
——是啊，的确很热。
(2)表示否定意义的副词、连词或短语置于句首时
当not, never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, no, nowhere, not only, not until, at no time, by no means, in no way等词或短语位于句首时。
①Not a single song did she sing at yesterday's party.
在昨天的晚会上她一首歌也没有唱。
②At no time will China be the first to use the nuclear weapon.
在任何情况下中国决不会第一个使用核武器。
(3)在so/such...that...句型中，若so/such...提到句首时
In such a hurry did he leave the office that he forgot to lock the door.
他离开办公室时太匆忙了，结果忘了锁门。
(4)当“only＋状语(副词、介词短语或从句)”置于句首时
Only after my friend came was the computer repaired.
只有在我朋友来了之后，电脑才修好。
(5)表语、状语或动词原形＋as/though＋主语＋其他时，句子要倒装
Much as I like it, I'll not buy it.
尽管我很喜欢它，但我不会买。
Pretty as she is, she is not proud.
尽管她很漂亮，但她一点也不自负。
Try as he would, he might fail again.
尽管他还会试，但可能还会失败。
(6)hardly...when..., no sooner...than..., not only...but also...等引导两个分句时，前一个分句用部分倒装，后一个分句不变。
①Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry.
他一听到这个消息就哭了。
②The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only was teachers' energy saved, but students became more interested in the lessons.
电脑被应用于教学中，结果，不仅节省了老师的精力，学生也对课堂感兴趣了。
(7)在省略if的虚拟条件句中(当条件从句中有were，had, should时)
①Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination.
要是早复习了功课，你有可能就通过考试了。
②Should it not rain, we would go for a picnic tomorrow.
要是明天不下雨，我们就可以去野餐了。
【举一反三】
Only by communicating with each other more frequently ________ they clear away the misunderstandings and solve the conflict.
【解析】根据句式结构可以看出，该题考查的是倒装句，“only＋状语”位于句首，主句要部分倒装，结合语意可知答案是can。句意：只有通过经常沟通，他们才能清除误会，解决问题。
【答案】can
热点题型三 强调句
例3．[2017·天津卷] It was when I got back to my apartment ________ I first came across my new neighbours.
A．who B．where
C．which D．that
【提分秘籍】
1强调句的基本句型是“It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋其他部分”。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语或状语等。
It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits our work most.
给我们工作带来最大益处的不是我们做了多少而是我们将多少爱投入到我们所从事的事业中。
2强调句的特殊句式
强调句的特殊句式
结构构成
例句
一般疑问句
Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？
Was it Tom who was to blame？
就是汤姆应负责任吗？
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋句子其他部分？
The patient looks much better.What is it that has made him what he is today？
那个病人看上去好多了。是什么让他变成今天这样的呢？xk.w
强调句的特殊句式
结构构成
例句
not until句式
It is/was not until...＋that＋句子其他部分
It was not until midnight that we got home because of traffic jams.
因为交通阻塞，直到半夜我们才到家。
not...but...句式
It is not...＋that...，but.../It is not...but...that...
It is not quantity but quality that counts.
重要的不是数量而是质量。
3．用助动词强调谓语
如果要强调时态为一般现在时或一般过去时的肯定句中的谓语动词，我们在该动词前加助动词do, does或did。
①Many of the films are from the USA, but we do give awards to films from other countries.
许多电影来自于美国，但我们的确也给其他国家的影片颁奖。
②He did come to see you last Sunday, but you were out.
他上周日的确来看过你，但是你出去了。
【举一反三】
It was with great joy ________ Tom received the news ________ his lost son had been found.
【解析】第一空考查强调句型，强调的是状语with great joy；第二空考查同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分也不缺少语义，故应填that。句意：Tom非常高兴，他收到了他丢失的儿子被找到的消息。
【答案】that that
热点题型四 省略句
例4、－I'm sorry to tell you that you made a mistake in your test.
－How can that be? I did it as ________ (tell) in class.
【答案】told
【提分秘籍】
1．在when, while, whenever, till, as soon as, if, unless, as if, though, as等引导的状语从句中，若谓语部分含有be动词，而主语又与主句主语相同或主语是it时，从句的主语和be动词常被省略。
①The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if carried out regularly, can improve our health.
实验表明，如果有规律地进行适量运动能强身健体。
②Get up early tomorrow, if not (you don't get up early), you will miss the first bus.
明天早点起床，如果不的话，你会错过早班车。
2．I'm afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess等作答句，后面跟so与not分别等于肯定或否定，宾语从句可省去。
①－Do you think it will rain?
－I hope not (that it will not rain)．
——你认为会下雨吗？
——我希望不下。
②－Do you believe our team will win?
－I guess so.
——你相信我们队会赢吗？
——我猜会赢。
3．不定式省略，单独使用不定式符号to。
(1)用来代替动词不定式后被省略的动词，常在be afraid/glad/happy, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等的后边。
I asked him to see the film, but he didn't want to.
我请他去看电影，但他不想去。
－Will you join in the game?
－I'd be glad to.
——你愿意加入做游戏吗？
——我很高兴加入。
(2)如果不定式中含有be, have, have been，通常保留be, have和have been。
－Are you a sailor?
－No, but I used to be.
——你是海员吗？
——不，但我过去是。
热点题型五 反意疑问句及其他
例5、 A bit more effort, I think, ________ you will settle the problem.
【答案】and
【提分秘籍】
1反意疑问句
(1)祈使句式的反意疑问句
①肯定的祈使句，简短问句用will you/won't you。
②否定的祈使句，简短问句用will you。
③let's和let us引导的祈使句：let's表“建议，征询”之意时，含听话者在内，故简短问句用shall we；let us表“建议、征询”之意时，不含听话者在内，故简短问句用will you。
Let's go out for a walk after supper, shall we?
晚饭后我们散散步，好吗？
1反意疑问句
(1)祈使句式的反意疑问句
①肯定的祈使句，简短问句用will you/won't you。
②否定的祈使句，简短问句用will you。
③let's和let us引导的祈使句：let's表“建议，征询”之意时，含听话者在内，故简短问句用shall we；let us表“建议、征询”之意时，不含听话者在内，故简短问句用will you。
Let's go out for a walk after supper, shall we?
晚饭后我们散散步，好吗？
2句型：祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋简单句(多用将来时)
(1)祈使句/名词短语＋and＋简单句表示“如果……，就……”
①“Only two centimeters higher，and you will break the world record，” encouraged the coach.
“再高两厘米，你将打破世界纪录”，教练鼓励说。
②Bring the flowers into a warm room and they'll soon open.
将花放到暖和的房间里，它们将会很快开放。
(2)祈使句＋or/otherwise＋简单句表示“……否则……”
Don't drive so fast or/otherwise you'll have an accident.
不要开那么快，否则你会出事的。
注意：分词作状语结构＋主句与该句型，如不细心容易弄混，关注有没有连词即可。

1. [2017·天津卷] It was when I got back to my apartment ________ I first came across my new neighbours.
A．who B．where
C．which D．that
【答案】D　【解析】考查强调句型。本句强调的是when I got back to my apartment。强调句的判断方法是先将It is/was与that去掉，然后检验此句是不是一个成分完整的句子。经判断“When I got back to my apartment，I first came across my new neighbours.”句子成分完整，由此可断定本句是强调句，空格处应填that。句意：正是当我回到我的公寓时，我第一次偶然遇见了我的新邻居们。
1.【2015·湖南】31.Always ________ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.
A. to keep B. to have kept
C．keep D．have kept
【答案】C 　
【解析】考查祈使句。这是一个完整的句子，而that引导的是宾语从句，因此只能是祈使句。故选C。句意：永远记住，你的主要任务就是让这个公司平稳运行。
2.【2015·天津】3. Only when Lily walked into the office ______ that she had left the contract at home.
A. she realized B. has she realized
C. she has realized D. did she realize
【答案】D
【解析】句意：只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候，她才意识到她把合同忘家里了。本题考查only位于句首，引导的时间状语从句，主句要主谓倒装。根据时态和句意可知选D。
3.【2015·湖南】21.It was when we were returning home ________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.
A. which B. that C. where D. how
【答案】B
1．(2014·大纲全国卷)Not only ________the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.
【答案】do　
【解析】考查倒装句。句意：护士们不仅希望涨工资，还希望减少工时。not only...连接并列分句置于句首时，其后要用倒装。
2．(2014·湖南卷)Only when you can find peace in your heart ________ good relationships with others.(will you keep, you will keep)
【答案】will you keep　
【解析】考查倒装句式和时态。句意：只有当你能找到内心的安宁时，你才能与他人保持良好的关系。本句以Only开头，故主句部分要用部分倒装，且根据句意可知，主句需用一般将来时。
3．(2014·福建卷)It was the culture, rather than the language, ________made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.
【答案】that　
4．(2014·天津卷)Give me a chance, ________I'll give you a wonderful surprise.
【答案】and　
【解析】考查连词。句意：给我一个机会，我会给你一个惊喜。从句子的意思来看，前后两句为顺承关系。“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”，两个分句之间是顺承关系，其中祈使句可以是名词短语。
5．(2014·陕西卷)No sooner ________ Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
【答案】had　
【解析】本题考查倒装句以及时态。句意：莫言一登上舞台，观众就发出了雷鸣般的掌声。no sooner...than...“一……就……”是一个固定搭配，而且主句通常用过去完成时态；no sooner置于句首时，其后用部分倒装。这个句子转化为陈述句为：Mo Yan had no sooner stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
6．(2014·四川卷)Was it because Jack came late for school ________ Mr. Smith got angry?
【答案】that　
【解析】考查强调句。句意：史密斯先生生气是因为杰克上学迟到了吗？强调句用来引起他人注意，其结构是：“It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who. . . ”，可译为：“正是……”或“就是……”。强调句的一般疑问句结构是：Is/Was it...that/who...？本题中是对原因状语从句“because Jack came late for school”进行强调。
7．(2014·湖南卷)________(make) what you're doing today important, because you're trading a day of your life for it.
【答案】Make　
【解析】考查特殊句式。句意：让你今天所做的(变得)重要，因为你是在以付出你生命中的一天来交换的。“because you're trading”是一个原因状语从句，故前面应是主句，是一个完整的句子，make是动词原形，构成一个祈使句。
8．(2014·湖南卷)All we need ________(be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.
【答案】is　
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：所有我们需要的是我们在一年中生长的季节能种植各种各样果树的一小块土地。All we need相当于All that we need，作主语，谓语动词用单数；且本句表达的是客观需要，故用一般现在时。
9．(2014·湖南卷)It's not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do ________ makes life happy.
【答案】that　
【解析】考查强调句型。句意：让生活快乐的不是做我们喜欢的事，而是喜欢我们必须要做的事。It's...that...是一个强调句型。
10. (2014·四川卷)________me tomorrow and I'll let you know the lab result.
【答案】Call　
【解析】考查特殊句式。句意：明天给我打电话，我就告诉你实验结果。分析句子结构可知，这是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句式，因此应用动词原形开头。
Ⅰ在空白处填上正确的内容(1个单词)。
1． Only when our project has been approved of by the committee ________ we start to carry it out.
答案：can　考查倒装句。“only＋状语”位于句首，主句要部分倒装，根据句意可知填can。句意：只有我们的项目被委员会批准了，我们才可以执行。
2．Try hard ________ I might, I can attach no definite meaning to this rather grand sentence.
答案：as/though　根据结构可知考查as/though引导让步状语从句引起的倒装。其中的名词/形容词/副词/动词提前。句意：尽管我尽力去做，我仍不能明确这个复杂句子的含义。
3． My voice was so little, and the shop owner had to bend down to hear ________ it was that I wanted to buy.
4． ________ he ________ (predict) the disaster, he couldn't have taken his girl friend to the 2015. New Year's Celebration at the Bund, Shanghai.
答案：Had; predicted　根据句子结构可以判断该题考查虚拟语气中省略if后引出的倒装，主句使用“wouldn't have done”可知该虚拟条件表示与过去相反，省略if后要提前Had。句意：如果他能预见灾难发生，他就不会带他女朋友去上海外滩参加新年庆祝活动了。
5．Little ________ we know that the region was rich in natural resources about four decades ago.
答案：did　根据句式结构分析。可以判断该题考查否定词位于句首而引起部分倒装，结合下文中的“was”使用一般过去时，可知答案是did。句意：四十年前我们几乎不知道这个区域有丰富的自然资源。
6．“Not until I knew much about the Nanjing Massacre”，the foreigner says“________ I understand the significance of setting the National Memorial Day”．
答案：did　根据句式结构分析，可以判断该题考查否定词位于句首引起的部分倒装句，从上文中的knew可知答案是did。句意：“直到我了解了南京大屠杀，我才明白设立‘全国哀悼日’的重大意义。”那个外国人说。
7．It doesn't matter if they want to come to your birthday party, ________ it?
答案：does　考查反意疑问句，根据反意疑问句的原则，反意疑问句一般以主句为依据，根据it doesn't matter转换为反意疑问句，故用does。句意：他们来不来参加你的生日派对并不重要，对吗？
8．It's not what you love in your life but ________ you have in your life ________ matters.
答案：what; that　第一空考查“not...but...”句式，强调句型强调的主语被“not...but...”连接起来，主语从句中缺少宾语，故用what；第二空为强调句型中的that。句意：在人生中不是你喜欢什么重要，而是你人生中拥有什么重要。
9．It was the culture, rather than the language, ________ made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.
答案：that　考查强调句型。强调的是句子的主语，主语被rather than连接起来。句意：是文化而不是语言，使他很难适应国外的环境。
10．If you go to the wildlife park, you'll find the places there more dangerous than commonly ________ (suppose)．
答案：supposed　考查省略句，suppose与逻辑主语places之间为被动关系，因此填过去分词supposed。句意：如果你去野生动物园，你会发现那些地方比认为的危险很多。
11．________ (give) a push, an object will move forward and do work.
12．－Did you finish your work?
－No, I wasn't able to, ________ you?
答案：were　考查反意疑问句。句子主语I在反问时换为you, 动词为were，故答案是were。句意：——你完成工作了吗？——没有，我不会，你呢？
13．Comparison may make something appear more beautiful than it is when ________ (see) alone.
答案：seen　考查省略句。省略的是“主＋be”，其中see与something之间为被动关系，故填seen。句意：对比会使一些事物看起来比单独被看时的本色更美。
14．So heavy ________ the load that I felt great relief after taking it off.
答案：was　考查“so...that...”句式中把so的整体部分提前放在句首时的倒装。正常顺序“The load was so heavy that...”。句意：这个负担很重，以致于在卸下来后，我感到如释重负。
15．On the top of the hill ________ (stand) a temple ________ the old man once lived.
答案：stands; where　第一空考查全部倒装，主谓颠倒，主语是a temple，故谓语用单数，第二空考查定语从句，先行词表地点，且从句中不缺主语和宾语，故填where。句意：山顶上有一座庙，庙里曾住着一位老人。
Ⅱ：语篇语法填空(重点考查特殊句式)
Joyce：What do you think of the lead teacher's speech?
Caroline：I think it was ___1___ (interest)．
Joyce：___2___ do I. I hear Mike is likely to win all the prizes in the exams this year.
Caroline：Yes, his teacher says so. He ___3___ (work) hard at his lessons every evening for months. He wants to go to Oxford University next year.xk/w
Joyce：I hope he will realize his goal.
Caroline：I hope so. ___4___ I think he works too hard. I hope he'll go out and enjoy ___5___ for a change. How about your son Carl?
Joyce：Don't mention him. Carl never starts studying.
Caroline：You're joking. I heard that Carl ___6___ (win) the composition prize.
Joyce：You have made ___7___ mistake. That is White Carl. My son is Brown Carl. The Whites live in the same community ___8___ we do. White Carl has always been so hard working. He wants to be a ___9___ (write). My son likes going to the concert. He only likes singing.
Caroline：___10___ he practices singing, he will become a singer in the future.
Joyce：Not all people can become a singer. I don't think he has the talent.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
本文讲述的是Caroline与Joyce在谈论班主任演讲的情况，并对班主任老师的表现进行评述。
1．interesting　考查形容词作表语。指老师的发言有趣，所以填interesting。
2．So　考查so的倒装用法。根据句子意思“我也是这样认为的”所以用so。
3．has been working　考查现在完成进行时。分析句子结构空处是作谓语，根据“is likely to win”和时间状语“for months”知一直在准备直至现在还在进行中，所以用现在完成进行时。
4．But　根据前后完整的两个句子之间的逻辑关系知是转折，所以用but。
5．himself　分析句子结构是作宾语，根据意思是让他自己放松一下，所以用himself。
6．had won　分析句子结构可知空处是作从句的谓语，根据句子的语境知在heard之前发生，表过去的
Ⅲ.完形填空
Mr. Jackson was blind from birth. He owned a fruit ___1___ on a very busy street. ___2___ he was visually disabled, he ran his business pretty handsomely. He could see nothing and he could only ___3___ the things within his reach. ___4___， he was able to handle it and was content with everything he had.
One day his son came to him. He told Mr. Jackson in ___5___ that he read in the newspaper of a ___6___ who could operate on his eyes and allow him to see. The father and son traveled to the doctor and paid for the ___7___.
After the operation, the doctor asked Mr. Jackson: “What is the first thing you are ___8___ to see when I take the bandages off？” He replied, “I really want to see my beautiful ___9___ on my stand！”
The doctor and the son ___10___ Mr. Jackson down to the busy street where his fruit stand had been located for so many years. The doctor ___11___ unwrapped the bandages ___12___ he could lay his eyes on the beautiful fruit! Mr. Jackson was so full of ___13___ that he could finally see his life's work－taking care of his fruit! After a few hours of ___14___ his beautiful fruit stand, he looked down the street both ways and saw there were quite a few fruit stands in both directions. He looked ___15___ the street and saw many other fruit stands. He spent so much time looking at other people's fruit stands and ___16___ the competition that soon his own business ___17___.
From Mr. Jackson's failure, we should know that everyone is a ___18___ individual with different fingerprints, DNA and thinking. What we need to do is just be ourselves and ___19___ everyone else to be who they are. Mind our own business and we should never be afraid of the ___20___.
该文通过杰克逊的故事告诉我们：每个人都是独一无二的，我们要做的就是做自己，管好自己的事情，这样我们将不怕与他人竞争。
1．A.stand　　　　　　　　　B．company
C．store D．center
答案：A 根据下文第9题处“I really want to see my beautiful __9__ on my stand”的提示可知，杰克逊有一个水果摊。
2．A.Because B．As
C．Although D．When
答案：C'此处表示尽管他失明了，但是他的生意做得相当好。根据语境中的逻辑关系，应选择C。
3．A.remember B．describe
C．imagine D．feel
答案：D 根据文章第一句及前文的“He could see nothing”可知，杰克逊失明了，什么也看不见，所以他只能感受(feel)他手边的东西。
4．A.Therefore B．However
C．Otherwise D．Besides
答案：B 下文说他能够应对这一切，与前文构成转折关系，因此选择B。therefore“因此”；however“然而”；otherwise“否则”；besides“而且”。
5．A.pride B．doubt
C．excitement D．surprise
6．A.doctor B．nurse
C．chemist D．volunteer
答案：A 根据定语从句的内容及下文的“The father and son traveled to the doctor”可知，此处应指一名医生能治好杰克逊的眼睛。
7．A.information B．medicine
C．service D．operation
答案：D 根据前文的“who could operate on his eyes”及下文的“After the operation, the doctor asked Mr.Jackson”可知，此处应指为手术付了款。
8．A.nervous B．lucky
C．eager D．afraid
答案：C 根据下文的“I really want to see”可知，手术后，医生问杰克逊：“当我拆掉绷带时，你渴望见到的第一件东西是什么？”be eager to do sth.“渴望做某事”。
9．A.flowers B．vegetables
C．fruit D．clothing
答案：C 根据第1题处可知，他有一个水果摊，所以他想看看水果摊上的水果。
10．A.sent B．accompanied
C．followed D．invited
答案：B 此处指医生和儿子陪同杰克逊去他的水果摊。send“派遣”；accompany“陪同”；follow“跟随”；invite“邀请”。
11．A.suddenly B．curiously
C．carefully D．firmly
答案：C 医生小心地解开绷带。Suddenly“突然地”；curiously“好奇地”；carefully“小心地”；firmly“坚定地”。
12．A.so that B．in case
C．even if D．if only
答案：A 医生解开绷带以便让杰克逊看到美丽的水果。So that“以便”，引导目的状语从句。In case“以防，万一”；even if“即使”；if only“要是……就好了”。
13．A.regret B．joy
C．courage D．relief
答案：B 杰克逊终于能看到他的水果了，他感到非常高兴。Regret“遗憾”；joy“欢欣，喜悦”；courage“勇气”；relief“缓解，宽慰”。
14．A.enjoying B．checking
C．judging D．making
答案：A 杰克逊对自己的水果摊欣赏几个小时后，他看到街两旁有很多水果摊。Enjoy“欣赏，喜爱”；check“核查”；judge“判断”；make“制造”。
15．A.above B．within
C．through D．across
答案：D 他往街对面看，看到了许多其他的水果摊。Look across“向对面看，眺望”。注意look through表示“浏览”。
16．A.preparing for B．focusing on
C．worrying about D．taking up
17．A.improved B．failed
C．appeared D．expanded
答案：B 根据下文的“From Mr. Jackson’s failure”可知，不久他自己的生意失败了。Improve“改善”；fail“失败”；appear“出现”；expand“扩大”。
18．A.simple B．reliable
C．unique D．perfect
答案：C 根据下文的“with different fingerprints, DNA and thinking”可知，每个人都是一个有不同指纹、DNA和思想的独一无二的人。Simple“简单的”；reliable“可靠的，可信赖的”；unique“独一无二的，独特的”；perfect“完美的”。
19．A.force B．require
C．persuade D．allow
答案：D 我们需要做的是仅仅做自己，并允许别人成为他们自己。Force“强迫，迫使”；require“要求”；persuade“说服”；allow“允许”。
20．A.competition B．change
C．difference D．disability
答案：A 根据第16题处可知，此处应是劝诫我们：管好自己的事，我们应该决不害怕竞争。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
There is a very instructive incident involving the life of Alexander the Great, King of Greek. Alexander, after conquering many kingdoms, was returning home. On the way, he fell ill and it took him to his death bed. With death staring him in his face, Alexander realized his conquests, his great army, his sharp sword and all his wealth were of no consequence. So, he lay helplessly waiting to breathe his last. He called his generals and said, “I will depart from this world soon, and I have three wishes. Please carry them out without fail.”
“My first desire is that，” said Alexander, “my physicians alone must carry my coffin.” After a pause, he continued, “Secondly, I desire that when my coffin is being carried to the grave, the path leading to the graveyard be strewn(撒满) with gold, silver and precious stones which I have collected.” The King continued, “My third and last wish is that both my hands should be kept hanging out of my coffin.” Alexander's favorite general kissed his hand and pressed them to his heart. “Oh King, we assure you that your wishes will all be fulfilled. But tell us why do you make such strange wishes？”
Alexander took a deep breath and said, “I would like the world to know of the three lessons I have just learnt. I want my physicians to carry my coffin because people should realize that no doctor can really cure any bodies. They are powerless and cannot save a person from the clutches of death. So let people not take life for granted.
“The second wish of strewing gold, silver and other riches on the way to the graveyard is to tell people that not even a bit of gold will come with me. I spent all my life earning riches but cannot take anything with me. Let people realize that it is just a waste of time to chase wealth.
“And about my third wish of having my hands hanging out of the coffin, I wish people to know that I came emptyhanded into this world and empty-handed out of this world.” With these words, the King closed his eyes. Soon he let death conquer him and breathed his last.x+kw
本文主要讲述了亚历山大大帝临死前的三个愿望和他想传递给人们的一些启示。
1．The first paragraph suggests that Alexander ________.
A．was conquering many kingdoms
B．realized that what he got in his life was nothing to him at all
C．wanted to leave as he came empty-handed
D．regarded his conquests, his great army, his sharp sword and all his wealth as the most important things
答案：B 考查推理判断。根据文章第一段的“Alexander realized his conquests, his great army, his sharp sword and all his wealth were of no consequence”可知，亚历山大大帝意识到他一生中所得的对他来说毫无意义，故B项正确。
2．The underlined word “clutches” in Paragraph 3 means “________”．
A．sentence B．attention
C．control D．shadow
3．The author intends to________.
A．tell us the story of Alexander
B．introduce readers to the instructive lessons of Alexander
C．stress the power of Alexander the Great
D．persuade people to realize what Alexander said
答案：B 考查写作意图。根据第一段的第一句话可知，B项正确。
4．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．The Death of Alexander
B．The Greed of Alexander
C．Three Wishes of Alexander
D．The Life of Alexander
答案：C 考查主旨大意。本文主要讲述了亚历山大大帝死前的三个愿望和他想通过这三个愿望传递给人们的启示，故C项正确。
Ⅴ.语法填空
A beggar found a leather purse that someone 1 (drop)in the marketplace. 2 (open)it，he discovered that it contained 100 pieces of gold.Then he heard a merchant shouting，“A reward！A reward to the one who finds my leather purse！”
Being 3 honest man，the beggar came forward.He handed the purse to the merchant saying，“Here is your purse.May I have the reward now？”
“Reward？”scoffed the merchant， 4 (greedy)counting his gold.“Why？The purse I dropped had 200 pieces of gold in it.You have already stolen 5 (much)than the reward！You are a thief.Go away quickly 6 I'll call the police.”
“Please believe in my 7 (honest)，”said the beggar defiantly.“If not，let's take this matter to the court.”
In court the judge patiently listened to both 8 (side)of the story and said，“I believe you 9 ．Justice is possible！Merchant，you stated that the purse you lost contained 200 pieces of gold.But the purse this beggar found had only 100 pieces of gold. 10 ，it couldn't be the one you lost.”And，with that，the judge gave the purse and all the gold to the beggar.
【语篇解读】　本文通过讲述一位乞丐捡到商人的钱包后所发生的一系列事情，阐述了要诚实做人的道理。
1．had dropped　[考查动词的时态。根据常识可知，应该是钱包先掉在地上，然后才有人发现。句中find用了一般过去时，那么drop这一动作发生在过去的过去，故应用过去完成时。]
2．Opening　[考查非谓语动词。所给动词open 和句子主语he之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。在本句中，Opening it作时间状语，相当于When he opened it。]
3．an　[考查冠词。对于纯空格类的语法填空题，如果空格出现在名词前面、系动词后面，很可能会填冠词。句中空格前面为Being，空格后面为单数名词，根据语境可知此处表示泛指概念，故应用不定冠词；又因为honest的发音以元音音素开头，故应用an。]
4．greedily　[考查词性转换。句中counting为动词，应用副词修饰。所给单词greedy为形容词，表示“贪婪的”，以字母y结尾的形容词转化为副词时往往将y变为i再加-ly。]
5．more　[考查形容词比较级。要想正确解答此题，注意空格后面的than，因为than是要使用比较级的标志词，much的比较级是more。全句表示你偷的钱比酬金多。]
6．or　[考查固定句型中的连词。“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”是一个固定句型，其中祈使句相当于条件
10．Therefore　[考查副词以及对上下文逻辑意义的理解。空格前面提到双方对钱包里面钱的金额的陈述不一致，后面提到乞丐捡到的钱包不可能是那位商人的，由此可看出空格前后之间为因果关系，故填Therefore。]
Ⅵ.短文改错
Great changes have been taken place since a new teaching approach is carried out in our school.In the past，our teachers almost took up all the time in class，writing on the blackboard，explain points and asking questions.Our students were just listening and busy making notes.And now，students take up most of the time in class，discussing questions，exchanging ideas，and solving problems，while teachers just give some advices.Meeting with problems，we turn the library or the Internet for help after asking teachers.I like a new teaching approach because it give me the chance to try different ways to find solutions.
【答案】　
Great changes have taken place since a new teaching approach carried out in our school.In the past，our teachers almost took up all the time in class，writing on the blackboard， points and asking questions. students were just listening and busy making notes.