2011届高考二轮专题复习课件（新课标湖南专用）：阅读理解专题6 历史地理类
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| 名称 | 2011届高考二轮专题复习课件（新课标湖南专用）：阅读理解专题6 历史地理类 |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2011-01-10 12:58:00 | ||
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课件37张PPT。专题六 历史地理类
专题 六 │历史地理类专题 六 │ 专题导读 历史地理类文章一般涉及某个国家、地区、河流、山脉、海洋、城镇等的地理位置以及与之相关的社会生活、社会风情、政治经济、人文历史、自然资源、文化习俗、文化遗产等方面的情况，相当一部分文章还附有图表供理解或参考。专题 六 │ 专题导读 文章选材来源于英语国家的主要名胜或历史事件，历史年代；命题以细节题为主，有一定主观推断题；涉及一定的地理常识或历史知识。阅读史地类阅读文章时，要重点弄清楚各个地名、人名之间的相互关系和各个国家、地区或城镇之间的地理方位。如果文章或试题有附图或附表，一定要把附图或附表看懂、看明白。附图或附表的存在就是帮助我们更好地读懂和理解文章，辅助我们做好有关试题。专题 六 │ 真题再现 [2010·重庆改编]
Sitting on the peaceful coast of Galapagos Islands，Ecuador，watching the sun move quietly into the sea，you shouldn’t forget that Charles Darwin (1809—1882) arrived here in 1835.He stayed on the islands for five weeks，observing various animals.This finally inspired (启发) his famous work，On the Origin of Species.You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to the islands.专题 六 │ 真题再现 The islands are certainly a paradise(天堂) for wildlife，as there are no natural killers on the islands and the number of boats and visitors is under government control.Though you cannot walk freely as Darwin did about 200 years ago，each day is as impressive as it could be.专题 六 │ 真题再现 The most well-known animal of the Galapagos is the giant tortoise(巨型陆龟)，which can be seen moving slowly around the highlands of Santa Cruz，the second largest island in the archipelago(群岛)．Some of these creatures are so old that they might have been seen in their youth by Darwin himself.专题 六 │ 真题再现 Despite strict control over activities and timing，your stay on the Galapagos will be remembered as a chain of incomparable pictures：diving with sea lions that swim and play within inches of you；feeling small sharks touch your feet as you swim；and，most magically，seeing a whale and her baby surface with a great breath of air.专题 六 │ 真题再现 Traveling between the islands and observing the wildlife that so inspired Darwin，you will feel as though you are getting a special view of an untouched world.At night you will sleep on board the ship，leaving the wildlife in complete occupation of the islands，which are as undisturbed now as they have been since the beginning of time.专题 六 │ 真题再现( )1. What do we know about Darwin’s visit to
the islands?
A. He studied different creatures on the
islands.
B. He completed his famous book on the
islands.
C. He was touched by the geography of the
islands.
D. He was attracted by well-known animals
of the islands.专题 六 │ 真题再现( )2. Which of the following plays a role in
making the islands “a paradise for
wildlife”？
A. Animals on the islands feed on grass.
B. Local government forbids killing
wildlife.
C. People cannot visit the islands as they
wish.
D. Tourists are not allowed to touch the
animals. 专题 六 │ 真题再现( )3. Your stay on the islands will be most
impressive mainly because of ________.
A. the beautiful sea views
B. Darwin’s inspiring trip
C. a closer view of animals
D. various daring activities专题 六 │ 真题再现( )4. Which of the following would be the best
title for the passage?
A. A Unique Attraction for Wildlife
Lovers
B. Galapagos as a Paradise for
Adventurers
C. Charles Darwin as a Symbol of
Galapagos
D. A Successful Example of Wildlife
Protection专题 六 │ 真题再现( )5.The intended readers of the passage are
those who ________.
A．want to study the origin of species
B．are fond of traveling around the world
C．are interested in studying wild life
D．want to be inspired by natural beauty专题 六 │ 真题再现 【文章大意】 本文介绍了一个冒险家的乐园Galapagos Islands，达尔文曾在这儿受到启发写出了《物种起源》一书，同时，由于这儿保护得很好，直到现在依然是旅游的好去处。
1. A 细节理解题。由第一段“He stayed on the islands for five weeks, observing various animals.”知道达尔文在岛上观察各种动物。
2. C 细节理解题。由第四段“Despite strict control over activities and timing…”可知答案。专题 六 │ 真题再现 3. C 推理判断题。从文章最后三段的描写中知道，在岛上能够给人印象深刻的就是和动物近距离的接触，例如：海里小鲨鱼的顽皮，海边海龟的悠闲等。
4. A 主旨大意题。纵观整篇文章，作者描写了岛屿的美丽风景，丰富的生物，较好的自然保护，故选A。
5．B 推理判断题。综合全文再结合第一段“You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to the islands.”可知，全文旨在介绍一个旅游的好去处，由此可推断文章主要为那些爱好旅游者所写，故选B。专题 六 │ 专题预测 Winter weather may have come late to parts of the United States this year, but the Midwest and Northeast are finally firm in winter’s icy grasp.
Travel, Interrupted
The freezing cold has created dangerous driving conditions across the country. Icy roads have led to at least 13 deaths in seven states. Minnesota police reported 290 accidents during rush hour on Tuesday.专题 六 │ 专题预测 Air travel has been disrupted as well. More than 140 flights were canceled at O’Hare International Airport in Chicago, Illinois. Some travelers had to camp out in terminals(终点站)overnight. Ted Bushelman, a spokesman for the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport, said that a few hundred passengers spent the night there. “All the hotel rooms in the area were taken, not just because of canceled flights but because highway travel was almost impossible，” he said. 专题 六 │ 专题预测The Big Chill(寒流)
Some areas in upstate New York have received more than five feet of snow over a two-day period. Weather forecasters said the region could get more than eight feet of snow before the weekend.
On Tuesday, West Virginia experienced the coldest temperatures recorded in the state in February since 1996, the weather service said. 专题 六 │ 专题预测Sunny Outlook
There is some sign of relief to come. On Wednesday, temperatures in Chicago rose slightly to 0 degrees Fahrenheit, with a wind chill of minus 14 degrees Fahrenheit. That’s an improvement from Monday when the wind chill made it feel as if it were minus 30 degrees Fahrenheit. National Weather Service meteorologist(气象学家)Tim Seeley said that the area should expect temperatures in the low 20s by the weekend. 专题 六 │ 专题预测 For some the heavy snowfall was cause for celebration. Ski resorts that had been suffering from the mild winter welcomed more white on the slopes. “It was the perfect storm，” said Joe Stevens, spokesman for the West Virginia Ski Areas Association. “Over four feet of snow has fallen since the middle of January, which has really turned the situation around for the resorts that were experiencing…above normal temperatures earlier in the season.”专题 六 │ 专题预测( )1.The main idea discussed in the passage
is ________.
A．traffic accidents in America
B．cold weather in America
C．difficult road conditions
D．heavy snow in America专题 六 │ 专题预测( )2.Deaths and accidents were caused by
________.
A．roads covered with ice and snow
B．strong cold winds blowing at a high
speed
C．heavy snow
D．too cold weather专题 六 │ 专题预测( )3.Why were the hotels full in this area?
A．Because there were so many people having
their home destroyed.
B．It was too cold for people to go out.
C．Because air and highway travel were cut off.
D．There were not enough hotels in this area.专题 六 │ 专题预测( )4.Which of the following about West
Virginia is TRUE?
A．It was hit by the heaviest snow in
his story.
B．Its roads were cut off by the
snowstorm.
C．It would face fine weather very soon.
D．It experienced very low temperature.
( )5.Which of the following welcomed the cold
weather and heavy snow?
A．Farmers. B．Ski resorts.
C．Drivers. D．Officials.专题 六 │ 专题预测 【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了美国的一次寒流的情况，包括交通事故、乘客滞留、对滑雪胜地有利等。
1．B 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了美国的一次寒流的情况，包括交通事故、乘客滞留、对滑雪胜地有利等，都围绕着寒流展开。
2．A 归纳判断题。死亡和交通事故都是由于冰雪路滑引起的。由第二段第二句得出答案。专题 六 │ 专题预测 3．C 分析概括题。航空和公路交通由于恶劣天气中断，乘客滞留，致使旅馆爆满。由第三段最后一句可知。
4．D 细节理解题。West Virginia经历了一次温度非常低的寒流。由第五段得出答案。
5．B 段落归纳题。几家欢乐几家愁，滑雪胜地非常喜欢这场大雪，因为他们正为暖冬少雪而发愁呢。专题 六 │ 专题预测 (二)
The engineer Camillo Olivetti was 40 years old when he started the company in 1908.At his factory in Ivrea，he designed and produced the first Italian typewriter.Today the company’s head office is still in Ivrea, near Turin, but the company is much larger than it was in those days and there are offices all around the world.
By 1930 there was a staff of 700 and the company turned out 13,000 machines a year.Some went to customers in Italy，but Olivetti exported more typewriters to other countries.专题 六 │ 专题预测 Camillo’s son, Adriano, started working for the company in 1924 and later he became the boss.He introduced a standard speed for the production line and he employed technology and design specialists. The company developed new and better typewriters and then calculators(计算器)．In 1959 it produced the ELEA computer system. This was the first mainframe(主机)computer designed and made in Italy.专题 六 │ 专题预测 After Adriano died in 1960, the company had a period of financial problems. Other companies, especially the Japanese, made faster progress in electronic technology than the Italian company.
In 1978, Carlo de Benedetti became the new boss.Olivetti increased its marketing and service networks and made agreements with other companies to design and produce more advanced office equipment. 专题 六 │ 专题预测 Soon it became one of the world’s leading companies in information technology and communications. There are now five independent companies in the Olivetti group—one for personal computers，one for other office equipment, one for systems and services, and two for telecommunications.专题 六 │ 专题预测( )1. From the text we learn that ________.
A. by 1930 Olivetti produced 13,000
typewriters a year
B. Olivetti earned more in the 1960s
than in the 1950s
C. some of Olivetti’s 700 staff
regularly visited customers in Italy
D. Olivetti set up offices in other
countries from the very beginning专题 六 │ 专题预测( )2. What was probably the direct result of
Olivetti’s falling behind in
electronic technology?
A. Adriano’s death.
B. A period of financial problems.
C. Its faster progress.
D. Its agreements with other companies.专题 六 │ 专题预测( )3. What do we know about Olivetti?
A. It produced the best typewriter in
the world.
B. It designed the world’s first
mainframe computer.
C. It exported more typewriters than
other companies.
D. It has five independent companies
with its head office in Ivrea.专题 六 │ 专题预测( )4. The best title for the text would be
________.
A. The Origin of Olivetti
B. The Success of Olivetti
C. The History of Olivetti
D. The Production of Olivetti专题 六 │ 专题预测( )5.What do we know about Carlo de Benedetti?
A．He is the grandson of Camillo Oliver.
B．He became the new boss since Adriano
was not capable of management.
C．He took some effective measures and
then changed the situation of
Olivetti.
D．He introduced a standard speed for
the production line and he employed
technology and design specialists.专题 六 │ 专题预测 【文章大意】 本文介绍了Oliver Group的创立过程、发展的阶段、革新的举措和如今的现状。让我们了解这家公司的历史。
1. A 从第二段第一句可知。选项B文章没提到。选项C它的一些员工没有定期接触消费者。Some went to customers in Italy中some是指machines。选项D不是一开始而是现在，注意 there are offices all around the world.的时态。专题 六 │ 专题预测 2. B 由第四段知经济上的问题导致了落后。
3. D 选项A和B说是世界上最好的或第一个，都不对；选项C没提到，根据最后一段选D。
4. C 本文按时间顺序讲述了它的发展过程。
5．C 细节理解题。由最后一段可知。
专题 六 │历史地理类专题 六 │ 专题导读 历史地理类文章一般涉及某个国家、地区、河流、山脉、海洋、城镇等的地理位置以及与之相关的社会生活、社会风情、政治经济、人文历史、自然资源、文化习俗、文化遗产等方面的情况，相当一部分文章还附有图表供理解或参考。专题 六 │ 专题导读 文章选材来源于英语国家的主要名胜或历史事件，历史年代；命题以细节题为主，有一定主观推断题；涉及一定的地理常识或历史知识。阅读史地类阅读文章时，要重点弄清楚各个地名、人名之间的相互关系和各个国家、地区或城镇之间的地理方位。如果文章或试题有附图或附表，一定要把附图或附表看懂、看明白。附图或附表的存在就是帮助我们更好地读懂和理解文章，辅助我们做好有关试题。专题 六 │ 真题再现 [2010·重庆改编]
Sitting on the peaceful coast of Galapagos Islands，Ecuador，watching the sun move quietly into the sea，you shouldn’t forget that Charles Darwin (1809—1882) arrived here in 1835.He stayed on the islands for five weeks，observing various animals.This finally inspired (启发) his famous work，On the Origin of Species.You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to the islands.专题 六 │ 真题再现 The islands are certainly a paradise(天堂) for wildlife，as there are no natural killers on the islands and the number of boats and visitors is under government control.Though you cannot walk freely as Darwin did about 200 years ago，each day is as impressive as it could be.专题 六 │ 真题再现 The most well-known animal of the Galapagos is the giant tortoise(巨型陆龟)，which can be seen moving slowly around the highlands of Santa Cruz，the second largest island in the archipelago(群岛)．Some of these creatures are so old that they might have been seen in their youth by Darwin himself.专题 六 │ 真题再现 Despite strict control over activities and timing，your stay on the Galapagos will be remembered as a chain of incomparable pictures：diving with sea lions that swim and play within inches of you；feeling small sharks touch your feet as you swim；and，most magically，seeing a whale and her baby surface with a great breath of air.专题 六 │ 真题再现 Traveling between the islands and observing the wildlife that so inspired Darwin，you will feel as though you are getting a special view of an untouched world.At night you will sleep on board the ship，leaving the wildlife in complete occupation of the islands，which are as undisturbed now as they have been since the beginning of time.专题 六 │ 真题再现( )1. What do we know about Darwin’s visit to
the islands?
A. He studied different creatures on the
islands.
B. He completed his famous book on the
islands.
C. He was touched by the geography of the
islands.
D. He was attracted by well-known animals
of the islands.专题 六 │ 真题再现( )2. Which of the following plays a role in
making the islands “a paradise for
wildlife”？
A. Animals on the islands feed on grass.
B. Local government forbids killing
wildlife.
C. People cannot visit the islands as they
wish.
D. Tourists are not allowed to touch the
animals. 专题 六 │ 真题再现( )3. Your stay on the islands will be most
impressive mainly because of ________.
A. the beautiful sea views
B. Darwin’s inspiring trip
C. a closer view of animals
D. various daring activities专题 六 │ 真题再现( )4. Which of the following would be the best
title for the passage?
A. A Unique Attraction for Wildlife
Lovers
B. Galapagos as a Paradise for
Adventurers
C. Charles Darwin as a Symbol of
Galapagos
D. A Successful Example of Wildlife
Protection专题 六 │ 真题再现( )5.The intended readers of the passage are
those who ________.
A．want to study the origin of species
B．are fond of traveling around the world
C．are interested in studying wild life
D．want to be inspired by natural beauty专题 六 │ 真题再现 【文章大意】 本文介绍了一个冒险家的乐园Galapagos Islands，达尔文曾在这儿受到启发写出了《物种起源》一书，同时，由于这儿保护得很好，直到现在依然是旅游的好去处。
1. A 细节理解题。由第一段“He stayed on the islands for five weeks, observing various animals.”知道达尔文在岛上观察各种动物。
2. C 细节理解题。由第四段“Despite strict control over activities and timing…”可知答案。专题 六 │ 真题再现 3. C 推理判断题。从文章最后三段的描写中知道，在岛上能够给人印象深刻的就是和动物近距离的接触，例如：海里小鲨鱼的顽皮，海边海龟的悠闲等。
4. A 主旨大意题。纵观整篇文章，作者描写了岛屿的美丽风景，丰富的生物，较好的自然保护，故选A。
5．B 推理判断题。综合全文再结合第一段“You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to the islands.”可知，全文旨在介绍一个旅游的好去处，由此可推断文章主要为那些爱好旅游者所写，故选B。专题 六 │ 专题预测 Winter weather may have come late to parts of the United States this year, but the Midwest and Northeast are finally firm in winter’s icy grasp.
Travel, Interrupted
The freezing cold has created dangerous driving conditions across the country. Icy roads have led to at least 13 deaths in seven states. Minnesota police reported 290 accidents during rush hour on Tuesday.专题 六 │ 专题预测 Air travel has been disrupted as well. More than 140 flights were canceled at O’Hare International Airport in Chicago, Illinois. Some travelers had to camp out in terminals(终点站)overnight. Ted Bushelman, a spokesman for the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport, said that a few hundred passengers spent the night there. “All the hotel rooms in the area were taken, not just because of canceled flights but because highway travel was almost impossible，” he said. 专题 六 │ 专题预测The Big Chill(寒流)
Some areas in upstate New York have received more than five feet of snow over a two-day period. Weather forecasters said the region could get more than eight feet of snow before the weekend.
On Tuesday, West Virginia experienced the coldest temperatures recorded in the state in February since 1996, the weather service said. 专题 六 │ 专题预测Sunny Outlook
There is some sign of relief to come. On Wednesday, temperatures in Chicago rose slightly to 0 degrees Fahrenheit, with a wind chill of minus 14 degrees Fahrenheit. That’s an improvement from Monday when the wind chill made it feel as if it were minus 30 degrees Fahrenheit. National Weather Service meteorologist(气象学家)Tim Seeley said that the area should expect temperatures in the low 20s by the weekend. 专题 六 │ 专题预测 For some the heavy snowfall was cause for celebration. Ski resorts that had been suffering from the mild winter welcomed more white on the slopes. “It was the perfect storm，” said Joe Stevens, spokesman for the West Virginia Ski Areas Association. “Over four feet of snow has fallen since the middle of January, which has really turned the situation around for the resorts that were experiencing…above normal temperatures earlier in the season.”专题 六 │ 专题预测( )1.The main idea discussed in the passage
is ________.
A．traffic accidents in America
B．cold weather in America
C．difficult road conditions
D．heavy snow in America专题 六 │ 专题预测( )2.Deaths and accidents were caused by
________.
A．roads covered with ice and snow
B．strong cold winds blowing at a high
speed
C．heavy snow
D．too cold weather专题 六 │ 专题预测( )3.Why were the hotels full in this area?
A．Because there were so many people having
their home destroyed.
B．It was too cold for people to go out.
C．Because air and highway travel were cut off.
D．There were not enough hotels in this area.专题 六 │ 专题预测( )4.Which of the following about West
Virginia is TRUE?
A．It was hit by the heaviest snow in
his story.
B．Its roads were cut off by the
snowstorm.
C．It would face fine weather very soon.
D．It experienced very low temperature.
( )5.Which of the following welcomed the cold
weather and heavy snow?
A．Farmers. B．Ski resorts.
C．Drivers. D．Officials.专题 六 │ 专题预测 【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了美国的一次寒流的情况，包括交通事故、乘客滞留、对滑雪胜地有利等。
1．B 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了美国的一次寒流的情况，包括交通事故、乘客滞留、对滑雪胜地有利等，都围绕着寒流展开。
2．A 归纳判断题。死亡和交通事故都是由于冰雪路滑引起的。由第二段第二句得出答案。专题 六 │ 专题预测 3．C 分析概括题。航空和公路交通由于恶劣天气中断，乘客滞留，致使旅馆爆满。由第三段最后一句可知。
4．D 细节理解题。West Virginia经历了一次温度非常低的寒流。由第五段得出答案。
5．B 段落归纳题。几家欢乐几家愁，滑雪胜地非常喜欢这场大雪，因为他们正为暖冬少雪而发愁呢。专题 六 │ 专题预测 (二)
The engineer Camillo Olivetti was 40 years old when he started the company in 1908.At his factory in Ivrea，he designed and produced the first Italian typewriter.Today the company’s head office is still in Ivrea, near Turin, but the company is much larger than it was in those days and there are offices all around the world.
By 1930 there was a staff of 700 and the company turned out 13,000 machines a year.Some went to customers in Italy，but Olivetti exported more typewriters to other countries.专题 六 │ 专题预测 Camillo’s son, Adriano, started working for the company in 1924 and later he became the boss.He introduced a standard speed for the production line and he employed technology and design specialists. The company developed new and better typewriters and then calculators(计算器)．In 1959 it produced the ELEA computer system. This was the first mainframe(主机)computer designed and made in Italy.专题 六 │ 专题预测 After Adriano died in 1960, the company had a period of financial problems. Other companies, especially the Japanese, made faster progress in electronic technology than the Italian company.
In 1978, Carlo de Benedetti became the new boss.Olivetti increased its marketing and service networks and made agreements with other companies to design and produce more advanced office equipment. 专题 六 │ 专题预测 Soon it became one of the world’s leading companies in information technology and communications. There are now five independent companies in the Olivetti group—one for personal computers，one for other office equipment, one for systems and services, and two for telecommunications.专题 六 │ 专题预测( )1. From the text we learn that ________.
A. by 1930 Olivetti produced 13,000
typewriters a year
B. Olivetti earned more in the 1960s
than in the 1950s
C. some of Olivetti’s 700 staff
regularly visited customers in Italy
D. Olivetti set up offices in other
countries from the very beginning专题 六 │ 专题预测( )2. What was probably the direct result of
Olivetti’s falling behind in
electronic technology?
A. Adriano’s death.
B. A period of financial problems.
C. Its faster progress.
D. Its agreements with other companies.专题 六 │ 专题预测( )3. What do we know about Olivetti?
A. It produced the best typewriter in
the world.
B. It designed the world’s first
mainframe computer.
C. It exported more typewriters than
other companies.
D. It has five independent companies
with its head office in Ivrea.专题 六 │ 专题预测( )4. The best title for the text would be
________.
A. The Origin of Olivetti
B. The Success of Olivetti
C. The History of Olivetti
D. The Production of Olivetti专题 六 │ 专题预测( )5.What do we know about Carlo de Benedetti?
A．He is the grandson of Camillo Oliver.
B．He became the new boss since Adriano
was not capable of management.
C．He took some effective measures and
then changed the situation of
Olivetti.
D．He introduced a standard speed for
the production line and he employed
technology and design specialists.专题 六 │ 专题预测 【文章大意】 本文介绍了Oliver Group的创立过程、发展的阶段、革新的举措和如今的现状。让我们了解这家公司的历史。
1. A 从第二段第一句可知。选项B文章没提到。选项C它的一些员工没有定期接触消费者。Some went to customers in Italy中some是指machines。选项D不是一开始而是现在，注意 there are offices all around the world.的时态。专题 六 │ 专题预测 2. B 由第四段知经济上的问题导致了落后。
3. D 选项A和B说是世界上最好的或第一个，都不对；选项C没提到，根据最后一段选D。
4. C 本文按时间顺序讲述了它的发展过程。
5．C 细节理解题。由最后一段可知。