2011届高考二轮专题复习课件（新课标湖南专用）：阅读理解专题5 文化教育类
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| 名称 | 2011届高考二轮专题复习课件（新课标湖南专用）：阅读理解专题5 文化教育类 |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 76.5KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2011-01-10 12:58:00 | ||
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课件35张PPT。专题五 文化教育类
专题 五 │文化教育类专题 五 │ 专题导读 文化教育类阅读理解属高考常选材料之一，它以中西文化差异作为选材的重点，常涉及文化、教育、法制、宗教等方面的文学艺术、发明创造、文化遗产保护、宗教与文化、风俗与习惯、道德与法制、中外文学名著节选、各国学校教育、家庭教育等，重视语言和文化的关系。阅读材料更多地涉及社会文化背景知识。因此，要通过阅读更多地涉及社会文化背景知识，更多地了解并丰富自己的知识。这类材料的命题点往往落在主旨大意题、事实细节题上。 专题 五 │ 专题导读 在做这类阅读理解题时，应注意以下几个方面：(1)采用先题后文：先读题目，再带着问题读文章。这类阅读理解文章相对来说事实细节题稍多一点，如果带着问题读文章，有利于我们抓细节。(2)先做细节题。因为做完了局部性的事实细节题后，自然会加深我们对文章的理解，这样更有利于做主旨大意题。(3)重点敲定主旨题。主旨大意题提问的形式主要有两大类：一类是main idea型；一类是topic或title型。专题 五 │ 真题再现 [2010·全国Ⅰ改编]
EDGEWOOD—Every morning at Dixie Heights High School，customers pour into a special experiment：the district’s first coffee shop run mostly by students with special learning needs.
Well before classes start，students and teachers order Lattes，Cappuccinos and Hot Chocolates.Then，during the first period，teachers call in orders on their room phones，and students make deliveries.专题 五 │ 真题再现 By closing time at 9：20 a．m.，the shop usually sells 90 drinks.
“Whoever made the chi tea，Ms.Schatzman says it was good，”Christy McKinley，a second year student，announced recently，after hanging up with the teacher.
The shop is called the Dixie PIT，which stands for Power in Transition.Although some of the students are not disabled，many are，and the PIT helps them prepare for life after high school.专题 五 │ 真题再现 They learn not only how to run a coffee shop but also how to deal with their affairs.They keep a timecard and receive paychecks，which they keep in check registers.
Special-education teachers Kim Chevalier and Sue Casey introduced the Dixie PIT from a similar program at Kennesaw Mountain High School in Georgia.
Not that it was easy.Chevalier’s first problem to overcome was product-related.Should schools be selling coffee？What about sugar content?专题 五 │ 真题再现 Kenton County Food Service Director Ginger Gray helped.She made sure all the drinks，which use non-fat milk，fell within nutrition (营养) guidelines.
The whole school has joined in to help.
Teachers agreed to give up their lounge(休息室) in the mornings.Art students painted the name of the shop on the wall.Business students designed the paychecks.The basketball team helped pay for cups.专题 五 │ 真题再现( )1. What is the text mainly about?
A. A best-selling coffee.
B. A special educational program.
C. Government support for schools.
D. A new type of teacher-student relationship.
( )2. The Dixie PIT program was introduced in order
to________.
A. raise money for school affairs
B. do some research on nutrition
C. develop students’ practical skills
D. supply teachers with drinks专题 五 │ 真题再现( )3. How did Christy McKinley know Ms.
Schatzman’s opinion of the chi tea?
A. She met her in the shop.
B. She heard her telling others.
C. She talked to her on the phone.
D. She went to her office to deliver the
tea.专题 五 │ 真题再现( )4. We know from the text that Ginger Gray
________.
A. manages the Dixie PIT program in
Kenton County
B．sees that the drinks meet health
standards
C. teaches at Dixie Heights High School
D．owns the school’s coffee shop专题 五 │ 真题再现( )5.Which of the following is not true about
the Dixie PIT?
A．Lattes and Cappuccinos may be two
kinds of the coffee supplied in the
Dixie PIT.
B．It’s run mostly by students with
special learning needs.
C．The Dixie PIT helped many disabled
students prepare for life after
graduation.
专题 五 │ 真题再现 D．The Dixie PIT is intended not only to
bring the teachers much convenience but
also to help them learn a lot.
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍Dixie Heights High School实施的一项帮助自己学生就业的特殊教育项目。
1. B 主旨概括题。本文主要介绍Dixie Heights High School实施的一项帮助自己学生就业的特殊教育项目。
2. C 推理判断题。依据第五段the PIT helps them prepare for life after high school可知该项目有助于孩子们掌握实用技能，便于将来就业。专题 五 │ 真题再现 3. C 细节理解题。依据第四段Ms. Schatzman says it was good 和after hanging up with the teacher推断，两者是通过电话了解信息的。hang up挂断电话。
4. B 推理判断题。依据倒数第三段She made sure all the drinks, which use non-fat milk, fell within nutrition (营养) guidelines推断，Ginger Gray要确保这里制作的咖啡要符合健康标准。专题 五 │ 真题再现 5．D 细节理解题。文章多处告诉我们这是一家咖啡店，以及倒数第四段的“Should schools be selling coffee? What about sugar content？”得知，这两种被预订的很可能是咖啡，故A正确。由文章第一段可知B正确。由第五段“Although some of the students are not disabled, many are, and the PIT helps them prepare for life after high school.”可知C正确，D错误。此店的开办目的主要是为了帮助那些有特殊学习需求的残疾学生，而不是为了老师。专题 五 │ 专题预测 (一)
Poorer children would be offered the chance to attend lessons on Saturday to help catch up with their middle class peers (同龄人), the shadow school’s secretary, Michael Gove said today. The Conservatives would give English state schools the freedom to choose to have longer teaching hours and extra classes at the weekend, he told the Association of Teachers and Lecturers’ annual conference.专题 五 │ 专题预测 Gove said the move would help to close the achievement gap with richer children whose parents could afford extras such as tutoring and music lessons.
He told delegates (代表)in Manchester, “For children who come from homes where parents don’t have the resources to provide additional stretch and cultural experiences, there are benefits in having those children in the learning environment, in school, for longer.”专题 五 │ 专题预测 “Parents would love to have schools starting earlier in some circumstances, and certainly going on later in the afternoon, given the reality of their working lives，” he said. He held up the example of Kipp (Knowledge is Power Program)schools in the US, which are often based in the poorest communities and open from 7：30 am to 5 pm on weekdays, plus Saturdays.
But it would be up to schools to decide to offer longer hours, Gove added.专题 五 │ 专题预测 Parents said Saturday classes could become a “badge of dishonor” if pupils were forced to go, while teachers raised concerns about their workload.
Margaret Morrissey, of Parents Outloud, said, “I think the suggestion the government made about one-to-one teaching for these kids would be a more preferable way of improving these children’s performance. I’m just not sure whether taking away a child at weekends is actually going to make them cleverer in the week.”专题 五 │ 专题预测 The ATL’s general secretary, Mary Bousted, said, “If we want Saturday schools, then we need more teachers doing the extra hours, not the same teachers working longer.”
( )1.The program is intended for children
________.
A．who are from middle-class families
B．whose parents can’t afford extra
help
C．who perform poorly academically
D．whose weekends are mostly unoccupied 专题 五 │ 专题预测( )2.“Additional stretch” in Paragraph 3
probably refers to ________.
A．music lessons
B．physical relaxation
C．entertainment activities
D．out-of-school improvement
( )3.Why did Gove mention Kipp schools in the
US?
A．To make a comparison.
B．To introduce a new program.
C．To seek supportive evidence.
D．To prove his program is better.专题 五 │ 专题预测( )4.What is Margaret Morrissey’s opinion
about the new program?
A．Favourable. B．Doubtful.
C．Optimistic. D．Acceptable.
( )5.Which of the following is true?
A．Teachers may not like the program.
B．Schools are trying to make profits.
C．The program is already under way.
D．The program is popular with children. 专题 五 │ 专题预测 【文章大意】 国外教育要改革了，周六也要上课了。对此，有何反应呢？不同的人有不同的观点。
1．B 细节理解题。由第三段“For children who come from homes where parents don’t have the resources to provide additional stretch and cultural experiences”可知。
2．D 词义猜测题。根据第二段 “such as tutoring and music lessons. 和倒数第二段…improving these children’s performance.”可知。专题 五 │ 专题预测 3．C 细节理解题。举例以说明自己的言论正确。
4．B 主观判断题。根据Margaret Morrissey的话，我们可以判断他对整件事情的看法“I’m just not sure whether taking away a child at weekends is actually going to make them cleverer in the week.”
5．A 细节判断题。根据倒数第三段和最后一段，我们可以判断出老师的看法和意见。专题 五 │ 专题预测 (二)
Students are being forced to take additional exams to get into leading universities because good A-levels do not always indicate the brightest candidates.
专题 五 │ 专题预测 Sixth-formers applying to courses such as medicine and law are being asked to sit American-style aptitude(智能)tests, which are designed to assess(评价)thinking skills, among fears that too many A-level candidates are getting top grades. Last year, almost one in six students applying to universities such as Oxford and Cambridge from independent schools had to sit additional test to secure a place.专题 五 │ 专题预测 Head teachers criticized the move, which they said would pile more pressure on schools and students. But universities insisted that the reforms were unavoidable, because A-level exams were no longer an accurate barometer(标准)of ability.专题 五 │ 专题预测 In 1986, 40 percent of students starting at Oxford achieve straight. As at A-level, Mike Nicholson, its admissions director, said that this year almost every candidate offered a place would get perfect grades. It meant the university had to stage additional test to identify the most able candidates. “The ability to achieve three A grades is no longer the end-point in the admissions process，” he said. “The potential to achieve three A grades will allow them to enter the race for a place.”专题 五 │ 专题预测 Oxford is not the only university turning to aptitude tests. At Cambridge, the number of students taking the university’s Thinking Skills Assessment shot up 26 percent to more than 3,000.A survey of 16,830 sixth formers applying to higher education from private schools last year showed that 2,860 had to sit at least one exam.专题 五 │ 专题预测 Earlier this year, the National Foundation for Educational Research recommended that most sixth formers should sit SAT tests—a standard reasoning exam widely used in American colleges—to make it easier to pick out the best candidates.
( )1.What is the attitude of head teachers to
the reform?
A．Approving. B．Doubtful.
C．Opposed. D．Neutral(中立的)．专题 五 │ 专题预测( )2.Which British university first started
to use aptitude tests to pick out the
best candidates?
A．Harvard. B．Oxford.
C．Cambridge. D．Washington D．C.专题 五 │ 专题预测( )3.What can we know about the A-level
system?
A．It can indicate the brightest
candidates.
B．It was designed to assess students’
thinking abilities.
C．It is longer an accurate way to
assess students’ abilities.
D．It was recommended by the National
Foundation for Educational Research.专题 五 │ 专题预测( )4.What can we infer from the passage?
A．The reform is more popular in
American colleges than in British ones.
B．The reform will be applied by all
universities in the future.
C．Universities used to depend on the
A-level system to choose the best
students.
D．Passing additional tests will allow the
student to enter Oxford, regardless of
whether he or she gets As.专题 五 │ 专题预测( )5.What is the passage mainly about?
A．How to get into leading universities.
B．The disadvantages of the A-level
system.
C．Different ways to identify students’
abilities.
D．Universities using extra exams to
choose students.专题 五 │ 专题预测 【文章大意】 A-level不再是学生进入大学的唯一评判标准，因为得到分数A的学生太多了，A-level不能再准确地区分出最好的学生。学生们需要参加额外的考试才能进入一流的大学。
1．C 细节理解题。根据第三段“Head teachers criticized the move, which they said would pile more pressure on schools and students.”可知答案。
2．B 细节理解题。根据第五段的第一句“Oxford is not the only university turning to aptitude tests.”可知答案为B。专题 五 │ 专题预测 3．C 细节理解题。文章第一段就提出了“good A-levels do not always indicate the brightest candidates”，结合后面的内容可知答案为C。
4．C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But universities insisted that the reforms were unavoidable, because A-level…”可推知答案为C。
5．D 主旨大意题。文章开头就指出学生必须通过额外的考试才能进入一流大学，接下来分析了原因：现在得到分数A的学生太多了，A-level不能再准确地区分出最好的学生，故选D最佳。
专题 五 │文化教育类专题 五 │ 专题导读 文化教育类阅读理解属高考常选材料之一，它以中西文化差异作为选材的重点，常涉及文化、教育、法制、宗教等方面的文学艺术、发明创造、文化遗产保护、宗教与文化、风俗与习惯、道德与法制、中外文学名著节选、各国学校教育、家庭教育等，重视语言和文化的关系。阅读材料更多地涉及社会文化背景知识。因此，要通过阅读更多地涉及社会文化背景知识，更多地了解并丰富自己的知识。这类材料的命题点往往落在主旨大意题、事实细节题上。 专题 五 │ 专题导读 在做这类阅读理解题时，应注意以下几个方面：(1)采用先题后文：先读题目，再带着问题读文章。这类阅读理解文章相对来说事实细节题稍多一点，如果带着问题读文章，有利于我们抓细节。(2)先做细节题。因为做完了局部性的事实细节题后，自然会加深我们对文章的理解，这样更有利于做主旨大意题。(3)重点敲定主旨题。主旨大意题提问的形式主要有两大类：一类是main idea型；一类是topic或title型。专题 五 │ 真题再现 [2010·全国Ⅰ改编]
EDGEWOOD—Every morning at Dixie Heights High School，customers pour into a special experiment：the district’s first coffee shop run mostly by students with special learning needs.
Well before classes start，students and teachers order Lattes，Cappuccinos and Hot Chocolates.Then，during the first period，teachers call in orders on their room phones，and students make deliveries.专题 五 │ 真题再现 By closing time at 9：20 a．m.，the shop usually sells 90 drinks.
“Whoever made the chi tea，Ms.Schatzman says it was good，”Christy McKinley，a second year student，announced recently，after hanging up with the teacher.
The shop is called the Dixie PIT，which stands for Power in Transition.Although some of the students are not disabled，many are，and the PIT helps them prepare for life after high school.专题 五 │ 真题再现 They learn not only how to run a coffee shop but also how to deal with their affairs.They keep a timecard and receive paychecks，which they keep in check registers.
Special-education teachers Kim Chevalier and Sue Casey introduced the Dixie PIT from a similar program at Kennesaw Mountain High School in Georgia.
Not that it was easy.Chevalier’s first problem to overcome was product-related.Should schools be selling coffee？What about sugar content?专题 五 │ 真题再现 Kenton County Food Service Director Ginger Gray helped.She made sure all the drinks，which use non-fat milk，fell within nutrition (营养) guidelines.
The whole school has joined in to help.
Teachers agreed to give up their lounge(休息室) in the mornings.Art students painted the name of the shop on the wall.Business students designed the paychecks.The basketball team helped pay for cups.专题 五 │ 真题再现( )1. What is the text mainly about?
A. A best-selling coffee.
B. A special educational program.
C. Government support for schools.
D. A new type of teacher-student relationship.
( )2. The Dixie PIT program was introduced in order
to________.
A. raise money for school affairs
B. do some research on nutrition
C. develop students’ practical skills
D. supply teachers with drinks专题 五 │ 真题再现( )3. How did Christy McKinley know Ms.
Schatzman’s opinion of the chi tea?
A. She met her in the shop.
B. She heard her telling others.
C. She talked to her on the phone.
D. She went to her office to deliver the
tea.专题 五 │ 真题再现( )4. We know from the text that Ginger Gray
________.
A. manages the Dixie PIT program in
Kenton County
B．sees that the drinks meet health
standards
C. teaches at Dixie Heights High School
D．owns the school’s coffee shop专题 五 │ 真题再现( )5.Which of the following is not true about
the Dixie PIT?
A．Lattes and Cappuccinos may be two
kinds of the coffee supplied in the
Dixie PIT.
B．It’s run mostly by students with
special learning needs.
C．The Dixie PIT helped many disabled
students prepare for life after
graduation.
专题 五 │ 真题再现 D．The Dixie PIT is intended not only to
bring the teachers much convenience but
also to help them learn a lot.
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍Dixie Heights High School实施的一项帮助自己学生就业的特殊教育项目。
1. B 主旨概括题。本文主要介绍Dixie Heights High School实施的一项帮助自己学生就业的特殊教育项目。
2. C 推理判断题。依据第五段the PIT helps them prepare for life after high school可知该项目有助于孩子们掌握实用技能，便于将来就业。专题 五 │ 真题再现 3. C 细节理解题。依据第四段Ms. Schatzman says it was good 和after hanging up with the teacher推断，两者是通过电话了解信息的。hang up挂断电话。
4. B 推理判断题。依据倒数第三段She made sure all the drinks, which use non-fat milk, fell within nutrition (营养) guidelines推断，Ginger Gray要确保这里制作的咖啡要符合健康标准。专题 五 │ 真题再现 5．D 细节理解题。文章多处告诉我们这是一家咖啡店，以及倒数第四段的“Should schools be selling coffee? What about sugar content？”得知，这两种被预订的很可能是咖啡，故A正确。由文章第一段可知B正确。由第五段“Although some of the students are not disabled, many are, and the PIT helps them prepare for life after high school.”可知C正确，D错误。此店的开办目的主要是为了帮助那些有特殊学习需求的残疾学生，而不是为了老师。专题 五 │ 专题预测 (一)
Poorer children would be offered the chance to attend lessons on Saturday to help catch up with their middle class peers (同龄人), the shadow school’s secretary, Michael Gove said today. The Conservatives would give English state schools the freedom to choose to have longer teaching hours and extra classes at the weekend, he told the Association of Teachers and Lecturers’ annual conference.专题 五 │ 专题预测 Gove said the move would help to close the achievement gap with richer children whose parents could afford extras such as tutoring and music lessons.
He told delegates (代表)in Manchester, “For children who come from homes where parents don’t have the resources to provide additional stretch and cultural experiences, there are benefits in having those children in the learning environment, in school, for longer.”专题 五 │ 专题预测 “Parents would love to have schools starting earlier in some circumstances, and certainly going on later in the afternoon, given the reality of their working lives，” he said. He held up the example of Kipp (Knowledge is Power Program)schools in the US, which are often based in the poorest communities and open from 7：30 am to 5 pm on weekdays, plus Saturdays.
But it would be up to schools to decide to offer longer hours, Gove added.专题 五 │ 专题预测 Parents said Saturday classes could become a “badge of dishonor” if pupils were forced to go, while teachers raised concerns about their workload.
Margaret Morrissey, of Parents Outloud, said, “I think the suggestion the government made about one-to-one teaching for these kids would be a more preferable way of improving these children’s performance. I’m just not sure whether taking away a child at weekends is actually going to make them cleverer in the week.”专题 五 │ 专题预测 The ATL’s general secretary, Mary Bousted, said, “If we want Saturday schools, then we need more teachers doing the extra hours, not the same teachers working longer.”
( )1.The program is intended for children
________.
A．who are from middle-class families
B．whose parents can’t afford extra
help
C．who perform poorly academically
D．whose weekends are mostly unoccupied 专题 五 │ 专题预测( )2.“Additional stretch” in Paragraph 3
probably refers to ________.
A．music lessons
B．physical relaxation
C．entertainment activities
D．out-of-school improvement
( )3.Why did Gove mention Kipp schools in the
US?
A．To make a comparison.
B．To introduce a new program.
C．To seek supportive evidence.
D．To prove his program is better.专题 五 │ 专题预测( )4.What is Margaret Morrissey’s opinion
about the new program?
A．Favourable. B．Doubtful.
C．Optimistic. D．Acceptable.
( )5.Which of the following is true?
A．Teachers may not like the program.
B．Schools are trying to make profits.
C．The program is already under way.
D．The program is popular with children. 专题 五 │ 专题预测 【文章大意】 国外教育要改革了，周六也要上课了。对此，有何反应呢？不同的人有不同的观点。
1．B 细节理解题。由第三段“For children who come from homes where parents don’t have the resources to provide additional stretch and cultural experiences”可知。
2．D 词义猜测题。根据第二段 “such as tutoring and music lessons. 和倒数第二段…improving these children’s performance.”可知。专题 五 │ 专题预测 3．C 细节理解题。举例以说明自己的言论正确。
4．B 主观判断题。根据Margaret Morrissey的话，我们可以判断他对整件事情的看法“I’m just not sure whether taking away a child at weekends is actually going to make them cleverer in the week.”
5．A 细节判断题。根据倒数第三段和最后一段，我们可以判断出老师的看法和意见。专题 五 │ 专题预测 (二)
Students are being forced to take additional exams to get into leading universities because good A-levels do not always indicate the brightest candidates.
专题 五 │ 专题预测 Sixth-formers applying to courses such as medicine and law are being asked to sit American-style aptitude(智能)tests, which are designed to assess(评价)thinking skills, among fears that too many A-level candidates are getting top grades. Last year, almost one in six students applying to universities such as Oxford and Cambridge from independent schools had to sit additional test to secure a place.专题 五 │ 专题预测 Head teachers criticized the move, which they said would pile more pressure on schools and students. But universities insisted that the reforms were unavoidable, because A-level exams were no longer an accurate barometer(标准)of ability.专题 五 │ 专题预测 In 1986, 40 percent of students starting at Oxford achieve straight. As at A-level, Mike Nicholson, its admissions director, said that this year almost every candidate offered a place would get perfect grades. It meant the university had to stage additional test to identify the most able candidates. “The ability to achieve three A grades is no longer the end-point in the admissions process，” he said. “The potential to achieve three A grades will allow them to enter the race for a place.”专题 五 │ 专题预测 Oxford is not the only university turning to aptitude tests. At Cambridge, the number of students taking the university’s Thinking Skills Assessment shot up 26 percent to more than 3,000.A survey of 16,830 sixth formers applying to higher education from private schools last year showed that 2,860 had to sit at least one exam.专题 五 │ 专题预测 Earlier this year, the National Foundation for Educational Research recommended that most sixth formers should sit SAT tests—a standard reasoning exam widely used in American colleges—to make it easier to pick out the best candidates.
( )1.What is the attitude of head teachers to
the reform?
A．Approving. B．Doubtful.
C．Opposed. D．Neutral(中立的)．专题 五 │ 专题预测( )2.Which British university first started
to use aptitude tests to pick out the
best candidates?
A．Harvard. B．Oxford.
C．Cambridge. D．Washington D．C.专题 五 │ 专题预测( )3.What can we know about the A-level
system?
A．It can indicate the brightest
candidates.
B．It was designed to assess students’
thinking abilities.
C．It is longer an accurate way to
assess students’ abilities.
D．It was recommended by the National
Foundation for Educational Research.专题 五 │ 专题预测( )4.What can we infer from the passage?
A．The reform is more popular in
American colleges than in British ones.
B．The reform will be applied by all
universities in the future.
C．Universities used to depend on the
A-level system to choose the best
students.
D．Passing additional tests will allow the
student to enter Oxford, regardless of
whether he or she gets As.专题 五 │ 专题预测( )5.What is the passage mainly about?
A．How to get into leading universities.
B．The disadvantages of the A-level
system.
C．Different ways to identify students’
abilities.
D．Universities using extra exams to
choose students.专题 五 │ 专题预测 【文章大意】 A-level不再是学生进入大学的唯一评判标准，因为得到分数A的学生太多了，A-level不能再准确地区分出最好的学生。学生们需要参加额外的考试才能进入一流的大学。
1．C 细节理解题。根据第三段“Head teachers criticized the move, which they said would pile more pressure on schools and students.”可知答案。
2．B 细节理解题。根据第五段的第一句“Oxford is not the only university turning to aptitude tests.”可知答案为B。专题 五 │ 专题预测 3．C 细节理解题。文章第一段就提出了“good A-levels do not always indicate the brightest candidates”，结合后面的内容可知答案为C。
4．C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But universities insisted that the reforms were unavoidable, because A-level…”可推知答案为C。
5．D 主旨大意题。文章开头就指出学生必须通过额外的考试才能进入一流大学，接下来分析了原因：现在得到分数A的学生太多了，A-level不能再准确地区分出最好的学生，故选D最佳。