Finding foods for the future
随着世界人口增长和气候变化，人类在未来可能会面临食物短缺的问题。目前，许多科学家和研究人员正在与时间赛跑，试图找到好的解决办法。
People need to find out new foods because the world has so many mouths to feed. As of 2015, there are more than seven billion people on Earth, according to the United Nations. And by 2100 that number may double, according to some predictions(预测). Feeding all of these people means not only improving the way food is grown, but also finding new sources of foods. And that need is becoming ever more urgent. If nothing changes, within 35 years, the world’s appetite (胃口) will be greater than the amount of food produced. That’s according to a report released last year. It was prepared by the Global Harvest Initiative, a private agriculture group based inWashington, D.C.
Global warming, too, is changing food production. Scientists predict that rising temperatures will reduce the growth of important crops like wheat and corn. Low-income developing countries will be hit the hardest. When harvests fall, crops become more expensive. And since those foods are also used to feed animals like cows and pigs, meat prices, too, will rise.
All over the world, researchers are racing against the clock to figure out how best to feed more people in the future. And some surprising ideas have begun to appear. Three years ago, scientists showed the first hamburger made from meat grown in a lab. Other researchers are developing seeds that can manage to live even during high temperatures and drought. Still others are finding ways to change the genes (基因) of meat animals so they produce more meat and can stand the heat. For example, researchers in South Korea and China are looking into developing a super-pig. These researchers have changed the genes in a type of pig to create an animal that becomes bigger and heavier, packing on more muscle (肌肉). Typically, muscle tissue is the part of an animal that becomes meat for food. Biologist Jin-Soo Kim at Seoul National University in South Korea leads super-pig research there.
Kim sees a lot of possible uses for the editing technology. Such gene correction, he says, might help improve crops, fish and livestock (家畜) kept on a farm. “We’re now working on changing genes in other large animals, such as dogs and cows,”he says.
Don’t go looking for super-bacon at your local grocery just yet. Animals with genes changed in the lab haven’t yet been approved for eating. More studies will be needed to make sure that they’re safe. But Kim and his workmates hope that day won’t be far away.
Unit 3 Tomorrow’ world
Grammar and usage
The passive voice & Modal verbs and the passive voice & Verbs often used in the passive voice
Teaching Aims:
1. Enable students to learn the basic verb forms of the passive voice.
2. Enable students to learn how to use modal verbs in the passive voice.
3. Make students learn some verbs that are often used in Passive Voice.
4. Help the students to learn how to use the passive voice in a reporting article.
Teaching Important and Difficult Points:
1. The use of the passive voice.
2. How to teach the students to use passive voice in different tenses.
Teaching Approaches:
Explaining and practicing
Teaching Aids:
Multimedia and a blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
ⅠThe passive voice
In this step the students will learn the interchange between the passive voice and the active voice, the basic verb form of the passive voice, and some special passive patterns.
Step 1 Lead-in
Show some pictures to help students to something about the passive voice and also introduce the verb, the subject and the object in the sentences
Step 2 Practice
1. Change the following sentences into the passive voice:
1) The cat plays the ball.
2) You are writing a letter.
3) Sharon will bring some books.
4) My mum bought a bag for me.
5) Jane was doing her homework.
6) We had painted some pictures before you came.
7) I am going to water the flowers.
8) He told me that they would hold the meeting the next day.
2. Make a list of the passive voice in the different tenses by showing two pictures.
3. Fill in the blanks to consolidate what they have learnt.
1) I ___________ (give) a new book by my father on my birthday. was given
2) English ___________ (find) very useful. is found
3) The picture ______________ (finish) tomorrow. will be finished
4) The bike ______________ (repair) by them now. is being repaired
5) The building_________________ (build) this time last year. was being built
6) How ______ the flags already _______________(make)? have been made
7) The new railway ___________ (build) by the end of last year. had been built
8) What_________________ (discuss) now? is being discussed
9) Rice ___________ (grow) in the south of the States. is grown
10) Jane said her friends_______________ (invite) to her birthday party the next week. would be invited
Step 3 Model verbs and the passive voice
1. Introduce the model verbs in the passive voice by showing two sentences. And tell them the structure:
modal verb +be done
2. Fill in the blanks.
1) Some viewers might not _____________ (impress) by the RealCine be impressed
2) Special gloves must_________ (wear). be worn
3) A real sense of achievement and happiness may________ (feel). be felt
3. Do the exercise on Page50.
ⅡExercise and summary
In this period seven points have been showed. Make the summary by doing exercise first.
Point 1
He often tells us interesting stories
We are often told interesting stories.
Interesting stories are often told to us.
When verbs like give, lend, offer, send, tell and show can be followed by two objects, in the passive voice we often use the person as the subject, and sometimes the thing is used .
Point2
I hear the girl sing English songs.
The girl is heard to sing English songs.
the active voice → make/see/hear sb. do sth.
the passive voice→ sb. be made/seen/heard to do sth.
Point3
This sweater_______ (wash) well. washes
Your article_______ (read) well. reads
The pen________ (write) smoothly. writes
These verbs used in the active voice give a passive meaning.
Point4
Translate the sentences using get done.
1.我的自行车昨晚被偷了。
My bike got stolen last night.
2.这些蛋已经被打碎了。
The eggs have got broke.
3.工资已经付给了工人们。
The workers have got paid.
Get can also be used in the passive voice instead of be.
Point5
Translate the sentences.
1.据说他很快恢复了。
It is said that he will recover soon.
2.据报道下个月又一本书要出版。
It is reported that another book will be published next month.
It+ passive verb+ that-clause
Subject+ passive verb+ to-infinitive
Another book is reported to be published next month.
Point6
We usually use by to introduce the doer of the action, but we do not mention the doer when it is not necessary or not important, or when it is difficult to say who the doer is.
Point out the passive sentences without mentioning the doer in
NOT just watching a film.
Point7
Some transitive verbs cannot be used in the passive voice, as they indicate states not actions, such as have, like, belong…
Ⅲ Consolidation
Read the four pieces of information on Page49. Then complete the report on the event.
Ⅳ Homework
1. Review what we learned today.
2. Preview Task.
课件32张PPT。Unit 3Unit 3
Tomorrow’s world The passive voice & Modal verbs and the passive voice & Verbs often used in the passive voiceGrammar and usage句子的主动语态和被动语态在意义上区别很小。在主动语态中，句子的主语是动作发出者；在被动语态中，句子的主语是动作的接受者或受影响者。The passive voiceThe lovely robots attracts the visitors.The visitors are attracted by the lovely robots.S.V.O.O.V.S.The Great Wall was visited by many people last year.S.V.O.O.V.S.Many people visited the Great Wall last year.被动语态的基本形式是 be + 过去分词。通过改变be的时态，可以构成不同时态的被动语态。
e.g. Food is kept in the fridge.
The glass was broken by the boy.The passive voice in different tenses:do/doesare/is doneam/is/are doinghas/have doneam/is/are being donehave/has been donebe going to/ will dodidwas/were doinghad donebe going to/will
be donewas/were donewas/were being donehad been done在用被动语态时还要注意以下几点：
在被动语态中，动作发出者往往置于
by之后，但在不必指出动作发出者是
谁、动作发出者并不重要或很难指出
动作发出者是谁时，一般不提及动作
发出者。
e.g. Both the headsets and the gloves are
connected to a computer network. 在 give，lend，offer，send，tell和
show 等动词后，可带有两个宾语，分
别指人和指事物。当带有这些动词作
谓语的句子变为被动语态时，通常用
指人的宾语作句子的主语。有时也可
用指事物的宾语作句子的主语。e.g. Our teacher often tells us some
interesting stories in English.
We are often told some interesting
stories in English.
Some interesting stories are often
told to us in English. 在主动语态中，有些动词后常接宾语和
不带to的动词不定式。在被动语态中，
则使用带to的动词不定式。
e.g. I often hear the girl play the piano in
the afternoon.
The girl is often heard to play the
piano in the afternoon. 在被动语态中，有时get可用来代替
be，如get changed，get dressed和
get hurt等。
e.g. My bike got stolen last night.
You’d better get changed quickly,
as the party will begin soon.
The eggs seem to have got broken. 有些动词可用主动语态形式来表示被
动意义。
e.g. This sweater washes well.
The pen writes smoothly.
The kind of computer sells well in
China. 表示状态的动词不能用被动语态。
e.g. I like pop songs and often listen to
them.
He has a big house near the river.
You can depend on her to deal with
the situation.一些特殊的被动语态句型：
It + 动词的被动语态形式 + that 引导的
从句
e.g. It is said that he will recover soon.
It is believed that the three missing
sailors have drowned.主语 + 动词的被动语态形式 + 动词不定
式
e.g. The Sun was once thought to travel
around the Earth.常用于这类句型的动词有say，believe，report，suppose，know和prove等。Answers:
1. ________ 2. ______________________
3. _____________ 4. _________________
5. _____________ 6. _________________
7. _______________ 8. _______________
9. ______________
10. _______________________are beingthe Electric Wear Companybeen developedwas inventedare usedbeen completedwill be producedwill bebeen announcedare cleaned/can be cleanedRead the information on Page 49 and complete the report on the event.情态动词的被动语态形式可用于谈论
能力、可能性、职责和允诺等。
e.g. Firefighters could be trained
using RealCine.Modal verbs and the passive voice2. 情态动词的被动语态形式是在情态
动词后加be和过去分词。e.g. Computer can work out the position
of the user at any time.
e.g. The position of the user can be
worked out at any time.情态动词+不带to的动词不定式情态动词+be+过去分词Read the table on Page 50 and note the use of these modal verbs in the active and passive voices.Read the first report on Page 50 and
complete the second.Answers:
1. ______________ 2. ______________
3. ______________ 4. ______________
5. _________________can be reducedmust be takenmust be wornmay becomeought to be reducedSome verbs are often used in the passive voice and fun_ction like adjectives.
e.g. The children are getting excited about
the coming holiday.
Don’t you get tired of arguing about
the same thing all the time?Verbs often used in the passive voiceLook at the timeline showing the history of Napster and complete the article on Page 51.
Answers:
1. ______________ 2. _______________
3. ______________ 4. _______________
5. _______________ 6. _______________
7. ______________ 8. _______________bored withinterested inwas foundedwere employedwas surprised atwas accused ofwas closed downwas purchased1. It remains _____ whether Jim’ll be
fit enough to play in the finals.
A. seen B. to be seen
C. seeing D. to see被动语态练习2. – Your job ___ open for your return.
– Thanks.
A. will be kept B. will keep
C. had kept D. had been kept3. – I don’t suppose the police know
who did it.
– Well, surprisingly they do. A man
has been arrested and _____ now.
A. has been questioned
B. is being questioned
C. is questioning
D. has questioned4. Tom sounds very much ____ in the job,
but I’m not sure whether he can
manage it.
A. interested B. interesting
C. interestingly D. interestedly
5. The flowers _____ sweet in the botanic
garden attract the visitors to the
beauty of nature.
A. to smell B. smelling
C. smelt D. to be smelt6. Professor James will give us a lecture
on the Western culture, but when
and where _____ yet.
A. hasn’t been decided
B. haven’t decided
C. isn’t being decided
D. aren’t decidedHomework1. Review what we learned today.
2. Finish exercises on Page 108 of the
Workbook.
3. Preview Task.Unit 3 Tomorrow’s World Grammar
被动语态用法小结
【语境展示】
1. The three words are pronounced in the same way.
2. They were given a warm send-off at the airport.
3. The matter will be looked into in the future.
4. I didn’t expect that I would be asked to speak.
5. The children are being taken care of by their aunt.
6. A new supersonic aircraft was being designed.
7. They have been warned not to swim there.
8. He told me that the factory had been closed down.
【归纳】
语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。英语的语态分为两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态常用于以下几种情况：
1. 不知道动作的执行者是谁。如：
Printing was introduced into Europe from China.
2. 不必提到动作的执行者。如：
Such things are not done twice.
3. 强调或侧重动作的承受者。如：
The girl is liked by everybody.
一、被动语态的构成
被动语态的基本形式是“be + V-ed 形式”。通过改变be 的时态，可以构成不同时态的被动语态。
二、各个时态的被动语态的构成
1. 一般现在时的被动语态：am / is / are + V-ed 形式(如例句1)
2. 一般过去时的被动语态：was / were + V-ed 形式(如例句2)
3. 一般将来时的被动语态：will + be + V-ed 形式(如例句3)
4. 一般过去将来时的被动语态：would + be + V-ed形式(如例句4)
5. 现在进行时的被动语态：am / is / are + being +V-ed形式(如例句5)
6. 过去进行时的被动语态：was / were + being +V-ed形式(如例句6)
7. 现在完成时的被动语态：has / have + been +V-ed形式(如例句7)
8. 过去完成时的被动语态：had + been + V-ed 形式(如例句8)
其他时态或没有被动语态，或极少用被动语态。
三、一些特殊结构的被动形式
1. 双宾动词的被动结构。有些双宾动词（如give，lend，offer，send，show，tell 等）可用于被动结构，在多数情况下都把间接宾语变为主语，而把直接宾语保留下来。有时也可把直接宾语变为主语，把间接宾语改为to 引导的短语。如：
I was given a gift on my birthday.
A gift was given to me on my birthday.
2.“be + V-ed形式+ 动词不定式”结构。如：
She is reported to have broken a world record.
3.“情态动词+ be + V-ed形式”结构。如：
This can’t be done in a short time.
4.“get + V-ed形式”结构。如：
Hundreds of people get killed every year by traffic on the roads.
5.“it + be + V-ed 形式+ that 引导的从句”结构。
常用于此类结构的动词有believe，know，prove，report，say，suppose 等。如：
It is reported that he was driving carelessly.
四、在用被动语态时应注意的几个问题
1. 在被动语态中，动作发出者往往置于by 之后。但在不必指出动作发出者是谁、动作发出者并不重要或很难指出动作发出者是谁时，一般不提及动作发出者。如：
The match had to be put off because of bad weather.
2. 一些感官动词（如feel，hear，look，notice，see，watch 等）及使役动词（如make，let，have 等）在主动语态中一般跟不带to 的动词不定式，但在被动语态中to不可省去。如：
We often hear him play the guitar. → He is often heard to play the guitar.
3. 有些动词可用主动结构来表达被动意义，这类句子的主语通常是指物的，具有某些内在的特征，能够促使动词所表示的动作得以实现或难以实现。如：
My voice doesn’t carry well.
This box doesn’t close properly.
This kind of rice cooks more quickly than that kind.
【即学即用】用所给动词的适当形式补全下列句子。
1. It’s said that the long bridge _____ (build) in two months.
2. As far as I know, the injured workers _____ (treat) at a local hospital now.
3. Many trees and flowers _____ (plant) in our school last year.
4. Sorry to bother you, but you _____ (want) on the phone by a man named Smith.
5. The chairman said that he _____ (invite) to visit America before long.
6. The window which _____ (break) for a week was repaired yesterday.
7. The man turned round from time to time to see if he _____ (follow).
8. The meeting of the old classmates _____ (plan) since the new year.__
Key:
1. will be built 2. are being treated
3. were planted 4. are wanted
5. would be invited 6. had been broken
7. was being followed 8. has been planned
Unit 3 Tomorrow’s World guided writing
Writing a proposal
【写作要求】
本单元的写作要求是Writing a proposal。
【情景呈现】
假定你是某国际学校的高一学生李华。请你用英语给外籍校长写一封信，就你
在使用学校图书馆时遇到的问题提出建议，并说明理由。要点包括：
1. 开放时间较短，建议延长时间；
2. 灯光较弱，建议配置台灯；
3. 书籍较旧，建议购置新书并推出电子图书馆。
注意：
1. 词数150左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数；
3. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：
安装install；过时的outdated
Dear sir,
I am Li Hua, a student from Grade 1. _______________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【写作分析】
根据写作内容可知，我们的写作任务是写一封建议信。
建议信是向收信人就某事提出自己的建议或忠告，并说明理由，以便让对方接受自己的想法或主张，从而解决有关问题。建议信可以写给个人，就某个问题提出自己的看法或观点；也可以写给某个组织或者机构，就改进其服务等提出建议或忠告。
根据题目要求，信的主体可以分为三个部分：第一，表明写作意图；第二，针对你在图书馆使用过程中遇到的问题提出具体的改进建议；第三，希望对方接受自己的建议。此类写作的主要目的是提出建议，观点要合情合理，且语气一定要得当，既要委婉礼貌，又要有说服力。
【参考范文】
Dear sir,
I am Li Hua, a student from Grade 1. I am writing to express my view concerning the library service in our school. I came across some problems while using the library and I’d like to make some suggestions.
First of all, the library closes early. It might be a good idea for the library to stay open longer, especially on weekends. Second, the light in the reading room is not bright enough. It would be better if table lamps could be installed. Students can use the lamps when necessary. Third, I find that the books in our library are a little outdated. I suggest we buy more new books and magazines so that students can get the latest information about the world. Last but not least, I suggest an electronic library be developed so we can have a lot more reading material.
I really hope you will think my suggestions useful and take them into consideration.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【必背佳句】
1. I am writing to express my view concerning the library service in our school.
2. It might be a good idea for the library to stay open longer, especially on weekends.
3. It would be better if table lamps could be installed.
4. I suggest we buy more new books and magazines so that students can get the latest information about the world.
5. I really hope you will think my suggestions useful and take them into consideration.
【举一反三】
假定你是李华，是一名高一学生。为了更好地为学生们服务，你校英文校报现向全体学生征求编写意见。请你根据以下要点用英语写一封信，向校英文报编辑反映你发现的问题，并提出自己的改进办法。
1. 文章多以校内事务为主，建议增加关于时事或学习方法的文章；
2. 版面形式不够活泼，建议增加新板块，用来展示学生自己的作品等。
注意：
1. 词数150左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数；
3. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：
时事current affair；展示display
Dear editor,
I am Li Hua, a student from Grade 1. _____________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
One possible version:
Dear editor,
I am Li Hua, a student from Grade 1. I am writing to tell you some problems I have found while reading our school newspaper as well as my suggestions.
I have read many articles in the school newspaper. I find that almost all the essays in the school newspaper are about the daily routines in our school. It is good for us to know about things that happen in our school, but I think it would be better if there were some articles about current affairs and learning methods. Reading current affairs can open students’ eyes so they can get to know more about the world. Sharing learning methods can help students find the best way to study effectively. Furthermore, I think the form of the newspaper can be livelier. I think it is a good idea to open a new section to display students’ own works, such as paintings and photos.
I would be more than happy if my suggestions could be considered.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
Unit 3 Tomorrow’s World H.G. Wells
H.G. Wells is considered by some to be the father of modern science fiction.
Biography
Herbert George Wells was born in 1866 in Bromley, Kent. His career as an author was fostered by an unfortunate accident as a child. He broke his leg and spent the mandatory rest period reading every book which he could find. Wells was awarded a scholarship and furthered his education at the Normal School of Science in London. It was at the Normal School that Wells came under the wing of the famous biologist Thomas H. Huxley. Wells' "science fiction" (although he never called it such)was clearly influenced by his studies at the Normal School and his interest in biology.
H.G. Wells gained fame with his first major fiction work: The Time Machine in 1895. Soon after the publication of this book, Wells followed with The Island of Dr. Moreau (1895), The Invisible Man (1897), and perhaps his most famous popular work: The War of the Worlds (1898).
Over the years Wells became concerned with the fate of human society in a world where technology and scientific study were advancing at a rapid pace. For a period he was a member of The Fabian Society, a group of social philosophers in London. Wells's later works became less science fiction and more social critique.
The accuracy of the "science" in Wells's work has often been called into question. It is rumored that Wells and the French novelist Jules Verne actually criticized each other's writing. Wells's claim was that "Verne couldn't write himself out of a paper sack" and Verne accused Wells of having "scientifically implausible ideas." The science may not be accurate, but the adventure and philosophy in those books makes Wells' early science fiction fun and fascinating to read.
The major works of H.G. Wells
The Invisible Man
The War of the Worlds
The Island of Doctor Moreau
The Time Machine
The First Men in the Moon
Journey to the Centre of the Earth
The plot can be quickly summarised: Professor Lidenbrock and his nephew Axel discover a document in a twelfth-century Icelandic book which, when deciphered, records the claim of a certain Arne Saknussemm to have gone down into the carter of SnFfells and reached the centre of the Earth. Lidenbrock decides to try this for himself and, dragging Axel away from his fiancée Gr?uben, travels to Reykjavik and across Iceland. With the help of the stoical Hans, they find the crater and travel down through the geological layers of the past, experiencing various adventures. A long way down, they discover a huge caver containing a large sea - plus various biological specimens, some dead and some very much alive. After trying to cross the sea, they discover a path down again, marked with Saknussemm’s runic initials. But it is now blocked. They attempt to blow up the obstacle, while sheltering on the raft, but instead carry part of the sea with them down into the bowels of the Earth. They then start rising again; and end up riding a volcanic eruption, which throws them out on the slopes of Stromboli.
Journey to the Centre of the Earth prefigures many of the ideas of Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Seas, Around the World in Eighty Days, and From the Earth to the Moon. The mood is light-hearted - although hardly optimistic, for it contains tragic, obsessive and sometimes morbid elements. There is even a love-element, of sorts. In this novel, more than elsewhere, Verne seems to let himself go, while at the same time drawing inspiration from many different sources. But before examining these, it is useful to look at Verne’s life and the Extraordinary Journeys as a whole.
Jules-Gabriel Verne was born in 1828, on an island in central Nantes in western France. His father had a successful law practice, and wrote occasional amateur verses. His mother’s maiden name was Allotte de la Fule, derived from a Scottish Allott who had emigrated in the fifteenth century to join Louis XI’s Scottish Guard of archers and eventually been ennobled.
There have been over a dozen biographies of Verne, most notably by his niece Marguerite Allotte de la Fule and his grandson Jean Jules-Verne. The former, however, is embellished ；and even the latter is a mixture of family legends and manuscript sources often readily accessible, including over 1,000 letters from Verne to his parents and publisher. About a dozen interviews are also known to exist, mostly with British and American journalists, plus a brief autobiographical piece, ‘Memories of Childhood and Youth’. Lastly there is Backwards into Britain, a lightly fictionalised account of his visit to England and Scotland in 1859 with his friend Hignard.
A no doubt apocryphal story has Jules running away to sea at the age of 11 to fetch coral on the Coralie for his cousin Caroline. Her rejection of him, several years later, certainly seems to have left its mark on him. But otherwise his schooldays were unexceptional - apart from a passion for messing about on makeshift rafts on the River Loire with his brother Paul.
In 1847 Jules arrived in Paris to study law. For the next ten years, he lived in a succession of single rooms, sometimes with barely enough to eat. He devoted himself during this period to writing plays, at which he was moderately successful: of the total of approximately twenty-nine, seven had been performed or published by 1863, at least one of them with the help of Dumas pPre. In 1856 he met Honorine de Viane, a widow with two daughters, and married her a few months later.
The journey to Britain (his first outside France) had a major impact on him, especially Edinburgh and the Highlands. Although his visit was carefully written up (making it the first book Verne completed), Voyage en Angleterre et en Ecosse was rejected by Hetzel - and lay hidden until 1989, when it was published and hailed as a brilliant piece of travel writing, and a vital document for understanding Verne. It was published in English in 1992.
From 1851–5, Verne published five short stories, in which many of the themes and structures of his novels are already visible. Each one concerns the difficulty of getting things going (like Verne’s own careers). All are set in foreign parts, all are influenced by late Romanticism, and all finish more or less tragically.
In 1862, Hetzel accepted a book entitled Five Weeks in a Balloon. Within months, it had become a huge success, and led to a series of contracts for the next forty years. The principal aims of the collected works, in Hetzel’s immodest announcement, were ‘to sum up all the geographical, geological, physical and astronomical knowledge amassed by modern science, and to rewrite the history of the universe’. At the age of 37, Verne acquired some security, even if the contracts were far from generous (the plays adapted from the novels proved more lucrative). Starting in 1864 with Journey to the Centre of the Earth, one or two books duly appeared each year, eventually totalling sixty-three novels and eighteen short stories.
Verne continued to travel. In 1862 he had visited Norway and Denmark, again with Hignard, and in 1867 he sailed to America on the liner the Great Eastern. He also bought three yachts of successively greater size, on which he went back to Scotland and Scandinavia and visited North Africa. In 1872 the family moved permanently to Amiens. In 1886, for reasons which remain unknown, Verne sold his yacht and gave up travelling.
In 1861 his only child, Michel, had been born. He proved unruly, and was at one stage forcibly packed off to India as an apprentice pilot. In 1883, he eloped with a 16-year-old girl - but eventually divorced his first wife and re-married. He tried his hand at many careers, including scientific journalism and fiction-writing, one of his stories being published in 1889 under his father’s name.
After Verne’s death in 1905, eight novels and three short stories were published in the series of Extraordinary Journeys. These works are slightly different from the previous ones; Michel publicly declared that he had prepared some of them for publication, but denied doing anything more. Only in 1978 was it proved, on the basis of the manuscripts, that he had made considerable changes, including writing whole chapters. Two-thirds of The Survivors of the ‘Jonathan’, for instance, are his, including the many philosophico-political passages; and perhaps even more of the masterpiece ‘The Eternal Adam’, set 20,000 years in the future.
Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world
Language points
Teaching Aims:
Enable the students to learn vocabularies and language points in the text.
Teaching Important and Difficult Points:
Help the students to use these language points properly.
Teaching procedures & ways
Language Points:
1. The RealCine experience will amaze you, …
amaze vt. 失惊奇，使惊诧
e.g. He amazed us by his knowledge of Welsh history.
他对威尔士的历史知之甚多，让我们惊讶。
She is amazed that people still risk travelling without insurance.
对于人们仍然不上保险就冒险去旅行，她很惊愕。
2. Not only will he or she feel every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma, but the user will also experience the cold, smells,
sights and sounds of the surrounding
environment; he or she will enjoy a feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement upon reaching the top.
not only… but also… 不但…… 而且……
1) not only A but also B ＝ B as well as A
2) not only提到句首，它所在分句用部分倒装。
3) not only…but also… 连接并列主语时，谓语遵循“就近原则” 。
e.g. Franklin was considered not only an inventor, but also a statesman.
富兰克林不仅被看作发明家，而且被看作政治家。
= Franklin was considered a statesman as well as an inventor.
Not only does television appeal to those who can read but also to those who can’t.
电视不仅吸引阅读的人，而且也吸引了不会阅读的人。
不但学生反对这个计划，老师也反对。
Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.
Not only the teacher but also the students were against the plan.
upon是介词，相当于on，意思是“当……的时候，一……就……”。
e.g. Upon/On his arrival in Paris, the famous star was warmly welcomed by his fans. 那位明星一到巴黎就受到影迷的热烈欢迎。
Upon/On hearing of his parents’ death, he fainted.
一听到他父母去世的消息，他晕倒了。
3. To add to the virtual world of RealCine, the headsets even have small openings that give out smells to match the environment.
add to 使增强，使增加，使扩大
e.g. The news added to his anxiety.
这个消息增添了他的恐慌。
Buying a new car will add to my debt. 买一辆新车会增加我的债务。
也可以用作add … to…
e.g. A few more names need to be added to the list because more people would like to join us. 还有一些名字要加进名单中，因为还有些人想加入我们。
4. In the world created by RealCine, he became the captain of the Brazilian football team and scored the winning goal in a World Cup final.
winning adj. 制胜的，获胜的
e.g. the leader of the winning party获胜党的领导人
Liu Tao scored the winning goal.
刘涛攻入制胜的一球。
5. An argument has been put forward that some users will be disappointed by RealCine because VR is not real.
put forward 提出，建议
e.g. They have put forward a new plan at the meeting.
Many suggestions have been put forward, but no decision has been made yet.
be disappointed by/at/about 对…… 感到失望
e.g. Are you really disappointed about/at losing the game?
你真的对比赛输了感到失望吗？
The old man was disappointed by his disappointing son.
那位老人对那个令他失望的儿子感到失望。
注：disappointed 某人感到失望
disappointing 令人感到失望
6. For example, firefighters could use RealCine to train safety, without the risk of getting injured in a burning building.
risk n. 危险，风险
e.g. Smoking can increase the risk of developing heart disease.
吸烟会增加得心脏病的危险。
risk 也可作动词， “使……冒风险”，“冒……的风险/危险”
e.g. He risked his life when he tried to rescue the kid from the fire.
他冒着生命危险去救大火中的小孩。
It was a difficult decision but we decided to risk it. 这件事决心难下， 但我们决定冒险一试。
injure vt. 伤害，损害
e.g. Several policemen were injured in the clashes.
几名警察在冲突中受伤。
Don't?let?a?little?dispute?injure?a?greatrelationship.
别让小小的争执伤害到深厚的关系。
难句解析
1. Unlike a film, where a passive audience watches and hears what is happening on a screen, RealCine puts you into the action and connects with your senses of sight, hearing, smell and touch in an active way.
1) 句中where引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词film。由于句中film并非指具体的某一部电影，而是指一个抽象的地点，因此这里只能用关系副词where，而不能用关系代词which。该定语从句中，谓语watches and hears后接一个由what引导的宾语从句。
2) 句中sight和smell都用作不可数名词，指视觉和嗅觉。
2. In reality, he is disabled and can no longer walk, but he was able to see and touch a lion while still in the convenience of the VR studio.
1) 句中while引导时间状语从句，该从句中承前省略了主语和谓语，完整形式为while he was still in the convenience of the VR studio。
2) 词组in reality的意思是“事实上，实际上”。如：
Henry always seems so confident, but in reality he is rather shy.
亨利看上去总是那么自信，但事实上他相当腼腆。
3. This kind of urban planning is in the long term cheaper and more practical, compared with the way most urban planning is done today.
句中compared with…是过去分词短语，用作比较状语；the way后接一个定语从句。
Homework
Learn the new words and phrases by heart.
课件33张PPT。Unit 3Unit 3
Tomorrow’s world Language pointsThe RealCine experience will amaze
you, … 感受RealCine将让你惊叹……
amaze vt. 失惊奇，使惊诧
e.g. He amazed us by his knowledge of
Welsh history. 他对威尔士的历史知
之甚多，让我们惊讶。
She is amazed that people still risk
travelling without insurance.
对于人们仍然不上保险就冒险去旅
行，她很惊愕。2. Not only will he or she feel every step
of climbing Mount Qomolangma, but
the user will also experience the cold,
smells, sights and sounds of the
surrounding environment; he or she
will enjoy a feeling of happiness and a
sense of achievement upon reaching the
top.
他/她不仅能感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰每
一步的艰辛，还能体验到周围环境的寒
冷、气味、景观和声音；到达顶峰时，
他/她将会享受到一种愉悦感和成就感。
not only… but also… 不但…… 而且……
(1) not only A but also B ＝ B as well as A
(2) not only提到句首，它所在分句用部分倒装。
(3) not only…but also… 连接并列主语时，谓语遵循“就近原则” 。e.g. Franklin was considered not only an inventor, but also a statesman.
富兰克林不仅被看作发明家，而且被看
作政治家。
= Franklin was considered a statesman as well as an inventor.
Not only does television appeal to those
who can read but also to those who can’t.
电视不仅吸引阅读的人，而且也吸引
了不会阅读的人。不但学生反对这个计划，老师也反对。
Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.
Not only the teacher but also the students were against the plan. upon是介词，相当于on，意思是“当……的时候，一……就……”。
e.g. Upon/On his arrival in Paris, the
famous star was warmly welcomed by
his fans. 那位明星一到巴黎就受到影
迷的热烈欢迎。
Upon/On hearing of his parents’ death,
he fainted. 一听到他父母去世的消息，
他晕倒了。3. To add to the virtual world of RealCine, the headsets even have small openings that give out smells to match the environment.
给RealCine虚拟世界锦上添花的是，耳机上甚至还有一些小孔，可以释放出与环境相匹配的气味。
add to 使增强，使增加，使扩大
e.g. The news added to his anxiety.
这个消息增添了他的恐慌。 Buying a new car will add to my debt.
买一辆新车会增加我的债务。
也可以用作add … to…
e.g. A few more names need to be added
to the list because more people would
like to join us.
还有一些名字要加进名单中，因为还
有些人想加入我们。4. In the world created by RealCine, he
became the captain of the Brazilian
football team and scored the winning
goal in a World Cup final.
在RealCine创造的虚拟世界中，他成
为巴西足球队队长，并在世界杯决赛
中踢进了致胜的一球。
winning adj. 制胜的，获胜的
e.g. the leader of the winning party
获胜党的领导人
Liu Tao scored the winning goal.
刘涛攻入制胜的一球。
5. An argument has been put forward that some users will be disappointed by RealCine because VR is not real.
有人提出不同意见，认为一些用户可能会对RealCine失望，因为虚拟现实毕竟不是真的。
put forward 提出，建议
e.g. They have put forward a new plan at
the meeting.
他们提出了新计划在会议上。be disappointed by/at/about
对…… 感到失望
e.g. Are you really disappointed about/at losing the game?
你真的对比赛输了感到失望吗？
The old man was disappointed by his
disappointing son.
那位老人对那个令他失望的儿子感到失望。注：disappointed 某人感到失望
disappointing 令人感到失望 6. For example, firefighters could use
RealCine to train safety, without the
risk of getting injured in a burning
building. 例如，消防员可以利用RealCine安全地进行训练，而不需要冒着受伤的危险，闯进着火的大楼。risk n. 危险，风险
e.g. Smoking can increase the risk of
developing heart disease.
吸烟会增加得心脏病的危险。risk 也可作动词， “使……冒风险”，
“冒……的风险/危险”
e.g. He risked his life when he tried to
rescue the kid from the fire.
他冒着生命危险去救大火中的小孩。
It was a difficult decision but we
decided to risk it. 这件事决心难下，
但我们决定冒险一试。injure vt. 伤害，损害
e.g. Several policemen were injured in
the clashes.
几名警察在冲突中受伤。
Don’t?let?a?little?dispute?injure?a?
great relationship.
别让小小的争执伤害到深厚的关系。难句解析Unlike a film, where a passive
audience watches and hears what is happening on a screen, RealCine puts you into the action and connects with your senses of sight, hearing, smell and touch in an active way. 电影仅仅让观众被动地看和听屏幕上发生的事，而RealCine与电影不同，它让你参与到剧情活动中，以一种主动的方式与你的视觉、听觉、嗅觉和触觉联系起来。(1) 句中where引导一个非限制性定语从
句，修饰先行词film。由于句中film并
非指具体的某一部电影，而是指一个
抽象的地点，因此这里只能用关系副
词where，而不能用关系代词which。
该定语从句中，谓语watches and
hears后接一个由what引导的宾语从
句。
(2) 句中sight和smell都用作不可数名词，
指视觉和嗅觉。2. In reality, he is disabled and can no
longer walk, but he was able to see and
touch a lion while still in the convenience
of the VR studio.
在现实中，他因为残疾而不能行走，但
是借助VR工作室里的便利设备，他能
看见并触摸一头狮子。
(1) 句中while引导时间状语从句，该从
句中承前省略了主语和谓语，完整
形式为while he was still in the
convenience of the VR studio。(2) 词组in reality的意思是“事实上，实
际上”。如：
Henry always seems so confident, but
in reality he is rather shy.
亨利看上去总是那么自信，但事实
上他相当腼腆。3. This kind of urban planning is in the
long term cheaper and more practical,
compared with the way most urban
planning is done today.
长远来说，与现在大多数的城市规划方
式相比，这种城市规划方式更经济、更
实用。
句中compared with…是过去分词短
语，用作比较状语；the way后接一个
定语从句。1. More trees have been planted and flowers grown to _______ the beauty of the park.
A. increase B. add to
C. plus D. raise2. _____ the rapid development of IT, more and more business are done on line.
A. For B. As C. With D. To
3. He made a living by ____ milk and bread.
A. sending B. bringing
C. carrying D. delivering4. Not only his parents ___ but also his aunts.
A. there were B. were there
C. have D. were
5. I will not __ for such a small sum of money.
A. take the risk of my life
B. risk my life
C. at the risk of my life D. go the riskComplete the following sentences according to the initials or Chinese.1. We should face the r_____ that nowadays getting a good job is not easy.
2. The e____________ view attracts a large number of tourists every year.ealityxtraordinary3. I like the ________ (巴西的) football
team best.
4. His eyes shone with _________ (幸福).
5. Valuables are left at their owner’s
_____ (风险).Brazilian happiness riskFill in the blanks with proper forms of the given words. 1. It has been snowing ____________
(continue) for several days.
2. Although he is eighty, he is still very
much ______ (live).alivecontinuously3. We could see the stars through an
_________ (open) in the roof.
4. Jean was really lucky that she picked a
_______ (win) number on the first draw.
5. Upon ________ (arrive) in the city, I saw
a huge billboard for the Olympics.arrivingopeningwinningHomework Review what you have learnt.
Preview Word power.Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world
Project
Writing a science fiction story
Teaching Aims:
To learn what a science fiction story is like and how to write a science fiction story.
Teaching Important and Difficult Points:
How to make students understand the science stories better.
How to write a science fiction story.
Teaching Approaches:
Asking-and-answering activity.
Individual, pair or group work to make every student work in class.
Teaching Aids:
Multimedia and a blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Lead-in
Have you ever read any science fiction stories? Do you like them?
Do you know about some science fiction writers? Who are they?
Have you ever heard of Jules Verne or H. G. Wells?
Show them the pictures of Jules Verne and H.G. Wells, tell them about these two persons briefly.
Step 2 Reading
Journey to the Centre of the Earth
Read the first story written by Jules Verne. Then answer the following questions.
With whom did Professor Lindenbrock make the journey?
What was the destination of the journey?
How did they go there?
What did they see during their journey?
Which do you think was the most thrilling experience during their journey, why？
Time machine
Lead to the second science fiction story.
Have you ever read about or seen a film about a time machine?
What do you think a time machine can be used to do?
Many people are interested in such a machine. Can you think of the reason(s)?
Show them a video about time machine.
Ask them to read the story and think about the following questions.
What did the writer decide to see using the time machine the writer had made?
Which year did the writer go to? What did the writer find there?
The writer described a picture about the future. What is his idea about the future of the world? What is your opinion about the future?
4. Ask them to discuss.
If you had a time machine, what would you like to see, the future or the past? Why? What would you expect to see there?
Step 3 Writing a science fiction story (Group Work)
Ask them to discuss the questions on page 59.
What interesting science fiction stories have you read?
Which one do you like best? Why?
What would be a good setting for a story?
Who will be your main characters?
What do the main characters do?
How many paragraphs will your story have?
Who will write each paragraph?
Who will read the story to your classmates?
Step 4 Homework
1. Finish the WB exercises (D1, D2)
2. Finish writing a science fiction story.
课件36张PPT。Unit 3Unit 3
Tomorrow’s world Project: Writing a science fiction storyWarming up1. Have you ever read any science fiction
stories? Do you like them?
2. Do you know about some science
fiction writers? Who are they?
3. Have you ever heard of Jules Verne
or H. G. Wells?Jules Verne (February 8, 1828 —March 24, 1905) was a French author and a pioneer of the science fiction genre. Verne was noted for writing about space, air, and underwater travel long before they were possible. Herbert George Wells (September 21, 1866 - August 13, 1946) was an English writer best known for his science fiction novels such as The War of the Worlds and The Time Machine. Science fiction is a type of writing based on fantasy. Science fiction writers often write about what will happen in ‘tomorrow's world’.Read the first story written by Jules Verne. Then answer the following questions.
With whom did Professor
Lindenbrock make the journey?
Professor Lindenbrock made the
journey with his nephew Axel and
Hans, the guide he hired in Iceland.2. What was the destination of the
journey? How did they go there?
They went to the centre of the Earth.
They went there in the boat they built.3. What did they see during their
journey?
They saw many strange things—a
large ocean in a vast room, huge
mushrooms, two dinosaurs fighting
each other, huge insects and many
strange creatures, including a man,
who was at least four metres tall.4. Which do you think was the most
thrilling experience during their
journey? Why?
The two dinosaurs rose to the surface
of the ocean suddenly and fought each
other. Because they didn’t expect that
they would see dinosaurs there, since
dinosaurs died out millions of years ago.Have you ever read about or seen a film about a time machine?
What do you think a time machine can be used to do?
Many people are interested in such a machine. Can you think of the reason(s)?Read the second story and answer.
1. What did the writer decide to see
using the time machine the writer had
made?
2. Which year did the writer go to?
What did the writer find there?
3. The writer described a picture about
the future. What is his idea about the
future of the world? What is your
opinion about the future?Journey to the Centre of the EarthbookguidereachedfightingexploringpossibleThe Time MachinemadeescapedsignhouseIf you had a time machine, what would you like to see, the future or the past? Why? What would you expect to see there?DiscussionLanguage points1. They came across huge insects and
many strange creatures.
他们遇到了巨型昆虫和很多奇怪的生
物。
come across （偶然）遇到，发现
e.g. She came across some old
photographs in a drawer.
她在抽屉里偶然发现了一些旧照片。come across 还可以表示“被理解”，“使产生……印象”
e.g. He spoke for a long time but his
meaning didn’t really come across.
他讲了很久，并并没有人真正理解
他的意思。
She comes across well in interviews.
她在面试中常给人留下很好的印象。2. Days and nights zipped by and
everything changed before my eyes.
白天、黑夜飞速交替，一切都在眼前
变换。
zip vi./vt. (使沿某方向）快速移动，拉
上拉链
e.g. I’m just zipping into town to buy
some food.
我正急着到镇上买点吃的。
A sports car zipped past us.
一辆跑车从我们身边呼啸而过。
This jacket zips up right to the neck.
这件夹克的拉链一直拉到脖子。
zip 还能作名词，表示“拉链”
e.g. My zip is stuck.
我的拉链卡住了。3. The Morlocks even tried to catch and
kill me, but luckily I was able to use the
Time Machine to escape.
莫洛克人甚至试图抓住并杀掉我，但
幸运的是，我可以用时间机器逃跑。
escape vi./vt. 逃跑，避开，被遗忘
e.g. He escaped from prison this
morning.
他早上从监狱里逃跑了。As a child he would often escape into a dream world of his own.
小时候他常常躲进自己的梦幻世界中。
She managed to escape from the burning car.
她设法从燃烧的汽车里逃出来。难句解析As they were wandering around, they noticed a man sitting against a tree in the distance—he was at least four metres tall.
当他们到处转悠时，发现远处有一个人背靠树坐着——那个人至少四米高。句中as they were wandering around用作时间状语；sitting against a tree in the distance 是现在分词短语，用作宾语a man的补足语。介词against意思为“靠着”。
e.g. My dad placed the piano against the
wall.
我爸爸把钢琴靠着墙放着。Writing a science fiction storyNow you are going to write your own science fiction story. You will be able to start your project after you answer the following questions. What interesting science fiction
stories have you read?
2. Which one do you like best? Why?
3. What would be a good setting for a
story?
4. Who will be your main characters?5. What do the main characters do?
6. How many paragraphs will your
story have?
7. Who will write each paragraph?
8. Who will read the story to your
classmates?Homework1. Finish the WB exercises(D1, D2)
2. Finish writing a science fiction story. Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world
Reading
Not just watching a film…
Teaching Aims:
1. To learn some information about how RealCine works, why it is better than ordinary cinema, and how it can be used in many other ways.
2. To teach students the basic characteristics of a business proposal.
3. To enable students to master the reading strategy and become more competent in reading a business proposal.
Teaching Important and Difficult Points:
1. Make the students understand the reading material better.
2. Master the vocabulary of virtual reality.
3. Improve the students’ reading ability.
4. Know the structure and language for a proposal.
Teaching Approaches:
Discussion before reading to make the students interested in what they will learn.
Fast reading to get a general idea of the text.
Reading in detail to get the detailed information of the text.
4. Pair discussion and group discussion to get students to participate in the classroom activities.
Interaction Patterns: Teachers -class, individuals, pairs
Teaching Aids:
The multimedia, a record and a blackboard.
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Lead-in
Show the video of Avatar and ask students:
Do you like this film? Can you imagine how you feel when you are actually in the film?
Show some pictures of 3D films and tell them virtual reality could change the way we watch films.
3D film
—It is a film people watch with a special pair of spectacles, which gives a three-dimensional effect with images in the dimensions of width, height and depth.
4D film
—It is a 3D film with an added environmental effect, such as water or wind in the cinema.
Virtual reality could change the way we watch films.
Step 2 Skimming
Students are expected to skim the text and find out the answers to the questions in part A. 1.What is the name of the product?
2. How many of the user’s senses does this product connect with?
3. What are the advantages of using RealCine for urban palnning?
Step 3 Scanning
Students are asked to scan the text and answer the questions.
1) What technology is behind this product?
2) What do users wear so they feel that they are really in a new world?
3) What did the teenager experience in RealCine?
4) Why do some people think that users will be disappointed by RealCine?
5) How could firefighters be trained with this new technology?
6) What might people use RealCine for?
Step 4 Detailed-reading
Ask students to find more information about RealCine by asking the question:
How can RealCine excite the viewers’ four senses?
They are asked to fill in the chart according to the proposal
Sense
Things needed
Effects in RealCine
Sight
Hearing
Smell
Touch
True (T) or false (F).
1. RealCine helped the teenager become more confident by creating a basketball game for him. ( F)
2. RealCine can’t help the people who have trouble in walking walk as normal people. ( T )
3.With the help of RealCine, the seventy-year-old grandfather saw and touched a lion in America. ( F )
4. RealCine can allow students to experience the world as an animal while learning biology. ( T )
5. According to the text, the author’s attitude towards the future of RealCine is optimistic. ( T )
Step 5 Consolidation
Ask students to divide the passage into several parts and get the main idea of each part.
Step 6 Reading strategy
Ask students to read the strategy and fill in the blank.
1. A business presentation is a plan or a suggestion that__________________.
2. As a presentation is to be given to those making decisions, it has to be ________________.
3. A good presentation usually includes ________________________.
4. In order to make the presentation objective,______________ is frequently used.
Step 7 Discussion
Part E on Page 45
Answers:
1) presentation 2) users 3) disappointed 4) urban
5) confident 6) put forward 7) studio
课件35张PPT。Unit 3Unit 3
Tomorrow’s world Reading
Not just watching a film…Warming upEnjoy the video.Can you imagine what you feel when you are actually in the film, and everything felt like it was real-life?Let’s learn some information about different kinds of films.3D film
It is a film people watch with a special
pair of spectacles, which gives a three-
dimensional effect with images in the
dimensions of width, height and depth.4D film
It is a 3D film with an added
environmental effect, such as
water or wind.Have you ever watched any of these films?
How do you feel about these kinds of film?
Which films do you like best, normal films, 3-D films or 4-D films? Why? What is the name of the product?
2. How many of the user’s senses does this product connect with?Read the business presentation on Page 42 quickly and answer these questions.RealCine.Four of the use’s senses: sight, hearing, smell and touch.Fast reading3. What are the advantages of using RealCine for urban planning?
Using RealCine, engineers can enter the design of a neighbourhood into a computer, and then ‘walk’ around the neighbourhood, see how it looks and make changes before construction is carried out. It is in the long term cheaper and more practical.1. What technology is behind this product?
The technology behind this product is
virtual reality.
2. What do users wear so they feel that they are really in a new world?
The wear special VR headsets and gloves.Read again carefully and answer the questions according to what you have read.Detailed reading3. What did the teenager experience in RealCine?
He attended a World Cup final as the captain of the Brazilian football team and scored the winning goal.
4. Why do some people think that users will be disappointed by RealCine?
Because VR is not real.5. How could firefighters be trained with
this new technology?
They could train safely without the risk
of getting injured in a burning building.
6. What might people use RealCine for?
They can use it in making films, treating
people with social problems, training
and education, and also urban planning.Pay attention to the structure of the article. Discuss the article and analyse the structure by finding the main idea of each part of the article.(Para 1)(Paras 2-7)the abstract of the
presentationhow RealCine works;
why RealCine is better
than a film;
how it can be used in
other waysTrue (T) or false (F).1. RealCine helped the teenager become more confident by creating a basketball game for him. ( )
2. RealCine can’t help the people who have trouble in walking walk as normal people. ( )
3.With the help of RealCine, the seventy-year-old grandfather saw and touched a lion in America. ( )FTF4. RealCine can allow students to experience the world as an animal while learning biology. ( )
5. According to the text, the author’s attitude towards the future of RealCine is optimistic. ( )TTFind out in which paragraph(s) the
following information can be found.Para 3Para 2Paras 4-7How can RealCine excite the users’ four senses? Special VR
headsetsSpecial VR
headsetsUsers can see in 3-D
all around themUsers can hear the
sound all around themSmall openings in the headsetsSmells are given out to match the environmentSpecial glovesUsers can touch the people and objects they seeLook at the following sentences, think
about the characteristics of the language used in this article.
1. The RealCine experience will amaze you,
and you will agree that this is an
extraordinary technology that deserves
to be developed further.
2. Imagine that a VR user ‘goes’
sightseeing in the Himalayas.3. In scientific studies it has been shown that VR can be a good treatment for people who have social problems.
4. However, with VR we are able to do things that could never be achieved in real life.
5. Finally, RealCine provides fantastic technology for urban planning.As a decision maker, do you think you would finally be persuaded to invest or develop RealCine? Why or why not?
What do you think of the language used in these sentences?Think about it!a safe
b harm yourself or someone else
c when a person cannot use part of his/her body because of an illness, injury, etc.
d visiting a place as a touristMatch the new words with their
meanings in Part D.e a district or an area of a town
f a number of computers that are
connected together
g accepting what happens without
trying to change things
h being useful or easy for someoneAnswers:
passive _____ 2. sightseeing _____
3. network _____ 4. disabled _____
5. convenience _____
6. secure _____ 7. injure _____
8. neighbourhood ______gdfchabeComplete the letter using the given words in Part E.
Answers:
_____________ 2. _____________
3. _____________ 4. _____________
5. _____________ 6. _____________
7. _____________presentationusersdisappointedurbanconfidentput forwardstudioReading strategy1. A business presentation is an introduction of a new product or business idea.
2. As a proposal is to be given to those making decisions, it has to be ___________________.clear and persuasive3. A good presentation usually includes ______________________________
______________________________.
4. In order to make the proposal objective, _____________ is preferred.specific information and convincing facts or examplesthe passive voiceDo you think watching a Harry Potter film or the film Inception in RealCine would be more exciting and interesting than in a cinema? Why or why not?
Could virtual reality be used in schools?
How could it make classes more exciting?DiscussionThose who support virtual reality believe that, with this technology, people can do almost everything, even things that cannot be realized in normal life. We don’t need to travel any more or spend so much time with friends any more. Virtual reality can provide everything that we need in our life.Others insist that real life and interpersonal communication should never be replaced by something imaginary. People should take off the headsets and experience real life themselves.
What do you think of these two opinions? State your reasons. Do you know about any other new
technologies scientists are developing?
What are they?HomeworkRead the passage out and try to find out the language points.
Write an introduction to RealCine.
Do Ex. A1, A2 on Page 106 of the Workbook.Unit 3 Tomorrow’s World sentence explanations
1. The RealCine experience will amaze you, and you will agree that this is an extraordinary technology that deserves to be developed further. (P42)
【分析】这是一个由and 连接的并列复合句。前一个分句是简单句。在后一个分句中，第一个that 引导一个宾语从句，作agree 的宾语；第二个that 引导一个定语从句，修饰technology。
【句意】感受RealCine 将让你惊叹，你一定会认为这是一项卓越的技术，值得进一步发展。
2. RealCine works by making the users feel that they are really in a new world — a world that does not exist except in a computer program. (P42)
【分析】这是一个主从复合句。RealCine works 是主句。by making ... a new world 作方式状语，其中，that 引导一个宾语从句，作feel的宾语。破折号后的部分作a new world的同位语，对其作进一步说明；其中，that引导一个定语从句，修饰a world。
【句意】RealCine 的工作原理是让用户感到他们实际上是在一个新世界——一个只存在于电脑程序中的世界。
3. In scientific studies it has been shown that VR can be a good treatment for people who have social problems. (P42)
【分析】这是一个主从复合句。介词短语In scientific studies 作地点状语。it 作形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的从句that VR ... problems。在该从句中，包含一个由who引导的定语从句，修饰people。
【句意】科学研究已经证明VR技术可以用于治疗有社交障碍的人。
4. When the three of them reached the volcano, they journeyed underground through a small cave. (P58)
【分析】这是一个主从复合句。They journeyed underground through a small cave 是主句，介词短语through a small cave 是方式状语。When the three of them reached the volcano 是由when 引导的时间状语从句。
【句意】他们三人到达火山后，通过一个小山洞，开始地下的旅行。
5. They set sail again, and saw what looked like an exit, but it was blocked by rocks which had fallen down from the ceiling. (P58)
【分析】这是一个由but 连接的并列复合句。在前一个分句中，set 和saw 是并列谓语，what引导一个宾语从句作saw 的宾语；在后一个分句中，which 引导一个定语从句，修饰rocks。
【句意】他们继续航行，看到一个像出口的地方，但是出口被从
洞顶掉下来的石头堵住了。
5. They lived underground, where they kept machines running so that the Eloi would be happy and well fed. (P59)
【分析】这是一个主从复合句。They lived underground 是主句。where they ... well fed 是由where 引导的一个定语从句，修饰underground；其中，还包含一个由so that 引导的目的状语从句。
【句意】他们住在地下，让机器保持运转，这样艾洛伊人就会很开心，被喂养得很好。
Unit 3 Tomorrow’ world
Task
Writing a proposal
Teaching Aims:
Help students to learn how to distinguishing between facts and opinions, asking for information, write formally.
Learn to complete a note, to find more about the computer room.
3. Learn to write a proposal for a computer room.
Teaching Important and Difficult Points:
Improve students’ listening, reading, speaking, and writing ability
How to complete a note sheet.
How to interview someone.
Learn to write a formal proposal.
Teaching Approaches:
Description, explanation and practice
Teaching Aids:
Multimedia, a record and a blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Skills building 1:
1. Show some pictures to help students to understand the definition of facts and opinions.
A fact is a piece of information that is proved to be true.
Facts can tell us numbers, names, places and events.
An opinion is a feeling or belief that is not certain or proved.
People may start the sentences with:
In my opinion,…
I (don’t) believe / think (that) …
It seems (that) / looks like …
2. Read some sentences to tell whether they are facts or opinions.
1).China has a total land area of over 9.6 million km2. Fact
2).On 15th October 2003, China sent its first astronaut into space. Fact
3).I believe our painting is worth quite a lot of money. Opinion
4).Suzhou is over 80 km away from Shanghai. Fact
5).It seems that people prefer living in urban areas. Opinion
6).I think that you should find a secure job. Opinion
7).Mr. Wang came home to find his computer broken. Fact
3. Have students listen to the tape and fine Part B.
Step 1 completing a note sheet
Read a letter concerning problems with the school computer room. And try to complete a note sheet.
Name of student: class:
Date of visit to computer room:
Computer number:
Problems with computer:
Other problems:
Suggestion:
Skills building 2: asking for information
1. Lead-in
We have known much about the computer room from the letter. Do you want to know more information about it? And how?
2.Let them know what information they should know and what questions they should ask questions, when they interview someone?
Information:
1) Usual time for doing a particular activity
2) How often or much it is done
3) Reasons for doing it
4) Problems found when doing it.
5) Suggestion for improving things
Questions
When/what time do you usually …?
How often do you …? How many times a week/a month/… do you…? For what reason(s) do you …?
What problem(s) have you got when you…?
What do you think can be done to solve the problem(s)?
3. Complete the questions according to the answers.
_______ do you usually go to your local cinema to watch a film? When I usually go on Saturday evenings.
___________ do you go there to watch a film? How often I go there twice a month.
______ do you think so many people would like RealCine? Why Lots of people would like RealCine because they can experience something that they might never experience in real life.
_________ problem(s) do you think RealCine could have? What
Tickets for this kind of experience might be too expensive.
______ do you think can be done to solve this problem? What I think better and newer computer technology can be used to reduce the cost of making virtual reality programs.
Step 2: finding out about the computer room
1. Part A Listen to an interview and complete the interview form
Interview form
Usual time of use
How often it is used
Reasons for use
Problems found
Suggestions for improving the computer room
2. Part B Interview someone using the questions and vocabulary on Page55 (pair work)
Skills building 3: formal writing
1. A business proposal, a report or a letter to a stranger: the style is formal and businesslike.
2. Read the general rules:
Always be polite.
Be very serious.
Use formal greetings and endings.
Use titles and surnames.
Use Dear Sir/Madam if you don’t know the person’s name
Do not be personal
Do not tell jokes or try to be funny.
Do not use contractions.
Do not use slang
3. Read some sentences to tell whether they are formal or Casual.
1) .I’m sure you’ll agree it’d be really cool to buy some more computers. Casual
2). Dear Sir/Madam Formal
3). When the book fell off the bookshelf and hit him on the head, I laughed until I
cried！ Casual
4). Thank you for your time. Formal
5).I’m sure the teacher won’t mind you using the computer. Formal
6). I would like to suggest that we buy some new equipment for the computer room. Formal
7) So nice to hear from you again, Geoffrey. Casual
8) I don’t like the young man. He’s really rude and not very helpful. Casual
Step 3: writing a proposal for a new computer room
Part A You have interviewed many students and gathered more information about the school computer room. Read your notes and then complete the summary of the survey. For example,
1. Look at some of your notes first.
no Internet access connect
Monitors, keyboards and mouses are too old Replace
Only one printer Buy more
2. Complete the survey
Part B Write a proposal
*Write a proposal to your headmaster explaining why you would prefer the school to improve the computer room.
1. What may you want to mention?
*The government’s desire for more IT to be taught and used in education.
*The increased use of IT in the lessons of all the subjects
*The importance of computer skills in both studies and work
*Parents’ opinions
2. Useful phrases
*A survey on students’ opinions was carried out.
*Students believe/feel/find/think that …
*It was suggested that…
*As more and more subjects require the use of computer …
*In order to prepare ourselves for the future…
*I am sure that most parents would (not) …
3. Show them a sample and explain the useful phrases, the content they should mention, and how to be formal to them.
Dear Sir,
Recently, a survey regarding the school computer room was carried out. The students find the design of the computer room impractical, and are not interested in studying there for this reason. We believed that the computer room needs improving.
There are not enough computers in our computer room. The computers that we use at the moment are old and slow, and they often crash, which wastes a lot of time. The computers there are not connected to the Internet, so we can not get the information that we need for our homework. There is only one printer in the room, which often breaks down. As more and more subjects involve information technology, the computer room plays a very important role in our studies. We must use computers to do our homework and get information from the Internet. Many factories and companies cannot fun_ction without computers, so those who have computer skills find it easier to find a job. In order to prepare ourselves for the future, we need a well-equipped computer room. I am sure that most parents would agree with our proposal that the computer room should be improved.
It is the government’s policy that we should be taught more information technology, and more subjects are developing rapidly with the help of information technology.
Computer skills are becoming more and more important to our further studies. We will not keep up with the development of society if we are not good at using computers. We therefore really need to have a new computer room and hope that you will seriously consider our request.
Best wishes
(name)
Homework
1. Go through the contents in the Task Part.
2. Preview the Project Part.
课件48张PPT。Unit 3Unit 3
Tomorrow’s world Task
Writing a proposalSkills building 1:distinguishing between facts and opinions
We often need to tell facts from opinions in order to make good judgments and draw conclusions. Look at the following pictures and try to tell facts from opinions.Thanks to the snowfall in November, the ski season has finally opened in Urumqi.factIn my opinion, the lovely child enjoys skiing. Do you think so?opinionA fact is a piece of information that is proved to be true.Facts can tell us numbers
names
places
eventsWhat is a fact?What is an opinion?An opinion is a feeling or belief that is
not certain or proved.People may start the sentences with: In my opinion, …
I (don’t) believe / think (that) …
It seems (that) / looks like …1. China has a total land area of over 9.6 million k㎡.
2. On 15 October 2003, China sent its first astronaut into space.
3. I believe our painting is worth quite a lot of money.Part A Facts or opinions?FactFactOpinion4. Suzhou is over 80 km away from Shanghai.
5. It seems that people prefer living in urban areas.
6. I think that you should find a secure job.
7. Mr. Wang came home to find his computer broken.FactOpinionOpinionFactListen and decide whether each of the speakers is stating a fact or expressing an opinion. Circle the correct words.1 Fact / Opinion 2 Fact / Opinion
3 Fact / Opinion 4 Fact / Opinion
5 Fact / Opinion 6 Fact / Opinion Read the letter concerning problems with the school computer room on Page 53. Try to complete the following notes.Step 1: completing a note Notes
Name of student: ______________ class: ________________________
Date of visit to computer room:
______________________________
Computer number: ____________Cao YingClass 3, Senior High 1Sunday, 2 MarchPC No.7Problems with computer:
____________________________________________________________________________
Other problems :
______________________________________ ______________________________________
Suggestion:
______________________________________
______________________________________keyboards have letters missing, mouses and monitors are not functioning properlyold and slow, sometimes don’t work, not connected to the Internet, printer didn’t workneed to update the computers and other equipmentWe have known much about the computer room from the letter. Do you want to know more information about it? And how?By interviewing other students.To interview someone means asking him or her questions, often of a personal nature. These are the kinds of information often sought in interviews, and the questions used to get that information:Skills building 2: asking for informationusual time for doing a particular
activity
e.g. When/What time do you usually…?
2. how often or much it is done
e.g. How often do you…?
How many times do you…?
3. reasons for doing it
e.g. For what reason(s) do you … ?4. problems found when doing it
e.g. What problem(s) have you got when
you …?
5. suggestions for improving things
e.g. What do you think can be done to
solve the problem(s)?Work in pairs. Complete the questions according to the answers.1. ______ do you usually go to your local cinema to watch a film? I usually go on Saturday evenings.
2. _________ do you go there to watch a film?
I go there twice a month.When How often3. ____ do you think so many people would like RealCine?
Lots of people would like RealCine, because they can experience something that they might never experience in real life.Why5. _____ do you think can be done to
solve this problem? I think better and newer computer
technology can be used to reduce the
cost of making virtual reality programs.What4. _____ problem(s) do you think RealCine could have? Tickets for this kind of experience might be too expensive.WhatListen and complete the interview form.Usual time of use
Frequency of use
Reasons for usein the afternoonMonday, Thursday, Fridayfor school workthree times a week:Step 2: finding out about the
computer room4. Problems found
5. Suggestions for improving the
computer room
keyboards, speed, memory, no Internet connectionbuy new computers and new softwareLook at the picture on Page 55. Suppose one of you is a student who has just used the computer in the computer room and feels quite disappointed at the present state of the computer room. Work in pairsAnd the other is a reporter of school newsletter who wants to find out more about the computer room to support his/her opinion that computers should be changed for new and better ones. Take turns to ask and answer the questions and fill in the interview form. Usual time of use
How often it is used
Reasons for use
Problems found
Suggestions for improving the computer roomSkills building 3: formal writingWhen we write a business proposal, a report or a letter to a stranger, we followed some general rules to make sure that the style is formal and professional. Always be polite.
Be very serious.
Use formal greetings and endings.
Use titles and family names.
Use Dear Sir/Madam if you don’t know
the person’s name.Do Do not be personal.
Do not tell jokes or try to be funny.
Do not use contractions.
Do not use slang.Don’tFormal or casual? Just have a try.1. I’m sure you’ll agree it’d be really cool to buy some more computers.
2. Dear Sir/Madam
3. When the book fell off the bookshelf and hit him on the head, I laughed until I cried!
4. Thank you for your time.FormalCasualCasualFormal5. I’m sure the teacher won’t mind you using the computer.
6. I would like to suggest that we buy some new equipment for the computer room.
7. So nice to hear from you again,
Geoffrey.
8. I don’t like the young man. He’s
really rude and not very helpful.CasualFormalCasualCasualYou have now interviewed many students and gathered more information about the school computer room. Read your notes and then complete the summary of the survey for the school newspaper.Step 3: writing a proposal for a new computer room Design of the computer room not practical:
students do not want to study there
Keyboards and mouses are too old.
Not enough computers.need a new designreplacebuy more Only one printer
Software out of date
No Internet access
Closes too earlybuy moreupdateconnectlonger opening hoursSurvey about the school computer room
Problems Suggestions
1. ___________ ____________
2. ___________ ____________
3. ___________ _____________
4. ___________ _____________
…Write a proposalWrite a proposal to your headmaster explaining why you would prefer the school to improve the computer room. Use the information from Part A and Steps 1 and 2 to help you.You may want to mention:
1. the government’s desire for more information technology to be taught and used in education
2. the increased use of information technology in the lessons of all the subjects3. the importance of computer skills in
both studies and work
4. parents’ opinionsA survey on students’ opinions was carried out.
Students believe/feel/find/think that …
It was suggested that …
As more and more subjects require the use of computers …Useful expressions In order to prepare ourselves for
the future, …
I am sure that most parents
would (not) …A sampleDear Sir,
Recently, a survey regarding the school computer room was carried out. The students find the design of the computer room impractical, and are not interested in studying there for this reason. We believed that the computer room needs improving.There are not enough computers in our computer room. The computers that we use at the moment are old and slow, and they often crash, which wastes a lot of time. The computers there are not connected to the Internet, so we can not get the information that we need for our homework. There is only one printer in the room, which often breaks down. As more and more subjects involve information technology, the computer room plays a very important role in our studies. We must use computers to do our homework and get information from the Internet. Many factories and companies cannot fun_ction without computers, so those who have computer skills find it easier to find a job. In order to prepareourselves for the future, we need a well-
equipped computer room. I am sure that
most parents would agree with our proposal that the computer room should be improved. It is the government’s policy that we should be taught more information technology, and more subjects are developing rapidly with the help of information technology. Computer skills are becoming more and more important to our further studies. We will not keep up with the development of society if we are not good at using computers. We therefore really need to have a new computer room and hope that you will seriously consider our request.
Best wishes
(name)1. Go through the contents in the Task part.
2. Preview the Project part.HomeworkUnit 3 Tomorrow’ world
Welcome to the unit
Teaching Aims:
To make students know and discuss what people could do in the future and imagine what tomorrow’s world would be like.
To practice students’ oral English.
Teaching Important and Difficult Points:
How to develop students’ speaking ability by participating fully in the discussion.
Describe a future world
Teaching Approaches:
Visual-scene teaching method, tasked-based method as well as the approaches of discussion
Emphasis will be put on Ss’ ability of speaking, expressing and brainstorming.
Introduce a rich variety of activities and approaches will be introduced to meet different needs of the Ss.
Make full use of the advantages of multimedia.
Interaction Patterns: Teachers -class, individuals, pairs
Teaching Aids: multimedia and a blackboard
Procedures for teaching:
Step 1 Greeting and Brainstorming
1. Show the posters to the Ss and ask them to discuss:
Have you ever read any science fiction stories? Do you like them?
1). What do you like most about science fiction stories, the characters, plot or the language used?
2). Why are so many people interested in science fiction stories?
Because they allow people to use their imagination and think about what life will be like in the future.
Ok, let’s make up the story together.
2. Show some pictures of the ET film and watch the video.
1). Ask students to make up the story.
2). Answer some questions.
What do you like most about science fiction stories, the characters, plot or the language used?
Why are so many people interested in science fiction stories?
3. Show some pictures of Kid 3000 and ask them to think about what life will be like in 3000 with the help of the pictures.
Step 2 Welcome to the unit
Description: Ask students to form pairs to describe the pictures
Discussion: Ask students to discuss the pictures and do the exercises
Picture 1
1) What is the robot doing?
2) Do you think robots can do everything for humans? Why or why not?
3) Do you think you will have a robot at home in the future?
Picture 2
1) Where are the passengers going?
2) Do you believe that one day travelling to the Moon or planets, like Mars or
Jupiter, would be just like travelling to another city? Why or why not?
3) If you had a chance, would you like to fly to the Moon or Mars?
Picture 3
1) What are the people doing? And how old is the man?
2) Do you think people can live that long in the future? Why or why not?
Picture 4
Can you tell where these people are working?
Can you tell who these people are and what they are doing there?
What problems are the aliens and the people probably talking about?
What is the relationship between them?
Step 3 Consolidation (Group work)
Ask the students to discuss the questions.
1) What developments in science and technology would you like to see happen in the future?
2) Do you think the Moon could be a tourist destination in the future?
3) Do you think robots will replace human beings in the future? What things do
you think robots can’t do?
Step 4 Homework
1. Find more information about robots and science fiction.
2. Preview Reading.
课件24张PPT。Unit 3Unit 3
Tomorrow’s world Welcome to the unit1. What do you like most about science
fiction stories, the characters, plot or
the language used?
2. Why do you think so many people are
interested in science fiction stories?BrainstormingBecause they allow people to use their imagination and think about what life will be like in the future.
Look at the following pictures, try to make up the story together.3. What will life be like in the year 3000?
4. What would you like to happen by 3000?
5. What would you not like to see in 3000?6. If you could use the magic wand to
make one thing happen in the future,
what would it be?Discussion
With the rapid development of science and technology, some of our wildest dreams could come true in the future.
Do you think so? Look at the following pictures and discuss with your partner.Picture 1What is the robot doing?
Serving dinner to his master.1. What else can a robot do?
2. Do you think you will have a robot at home in the future?
3. Do you think robots can do everything for humans? Why or why not?Robots can do a lot of repetitive or tedious
things for human beings. For example, they can help people do housework; with the help of robots, more high-tech products can be produced, which will make people’s lives more convenient; what’s more, robots can help people do boring or dangerous work so that people can have time to relax.Picture 21. Where are the passengers going?
To the moon.
2. Do you believe that one day travelling
to the Moon or planets, like Mars or
Jupiter, would be just like travelling to
another city? Why or why not?
3. If you had a chance, would you like to
fly to the Moon or Mars?Picture 31. What are the people doing?
Having a birthday party.
2. How old is the man?
200 years old.
3. What do you think a 200-year-old man
would look like? Do you think the man
in the picture looks that old?4. Do you think people can live that long
in the future? Why or why not?
With the development of genetic
research, scientists can find out the
secret of longer life. In the future,
human beings can live much longer
than we live today.Picture 4Can you tell where these ‘people’ are
working?
2. Can you tell who these ‘people’ are and
what they are doing there?
Apparently some of the people sitting in the office are not human beings. They are aliens from outer space. The aliens and the human beings are discussing something in the office.In the office.3. What problems are the aliens and the
people probably talking about?
They are probably discussing peace
issues in the Galaxy or trade affairs
between other planets and the Earth.
4. What is the relationship between them?
Workmates.1. What developments in science and technology would you like to see happen in the future?
2. How to protect the earth and human beings when we develop science and technology?Discussion3. Do you think robots will replace human beings in the future? What things do you think robots can’t do?
4. Do you think the Moon could be a tourist destination in the future?Homework
Talk about life in the future.
Pre-view the Reading Part.Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world
Word Power
Forming abstract nouns from verbs and adjectives & Words related to computers and the Internet
Teaching Aims:
1) To learn how to form abstract nouns from verbs and adjectives by adding suffixes.
2) To know some words related to computers and the Internet, and to apply them practically.
Teaching Important and Difficult Points:
1) How to make students master the rules of forming abstract nouns from verbs and adjectives.
2) Make students expand related vocabulary and apply them practically.
Teaching Approaches:
1) Explanation method to make students master the rules of forming abstract nouns from verbs and adjectives.
2) Description method to make students to master some words related to computers.
3) Exercise method to consolidate what have learnt in class.
Teaching Aids: multimedia and a blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Brainstorming
Show them two groups of words and ask them to tell the difference between the two groups of words.
Ask them to think about more abstract nouns. Give them more abstract nouns and ask them to think about how to form abstract nouns from verbs and adjectives.
Step 2 Forming abstract nouns from verbs and adjectives
1. We can form abstract nouns from some verbs and adjectives by adding suffixes.
1). adjectives → abstract nouns
Nouns
Adjectives
Suffix
loyalty
?Loyal
-ty
illness
?Ill
-ness
reality
?Real
-ity
Exercise
2). verbs → abstract nouns
Nouns
Verbs
Suffix
training
train
? + ing
failure
?fail
+ ure
?performance
perform
+ ance
dependence
?depend
+ ence
movement
move
?+ ment
?discussion
discuss
+ ion
information
?inform
+ ation
Exercise
Tips:
Sometimes we need to change the final letters of a word before adding suffix:
produce→production silent→silence
decide→decision pretty→prettiness
please→pleasure
2. Read about the history of the world’s most successful online businesses. Use the plural forms to fill in the blanks.
Answers:
1) development 2) failure 3) connections
4) improvements 5) achievement
Step3 Words related to computers and the Internet
1 Revise names of some parts of the computer.
(screen, monitor, speaker, keyboard, mouse, CD-Rom, printer)
2 Teach Ss to learn more words related to computers, especially the most up-to-date hardware: (hard drive, floppy disk, floppy disk drive, U-Disk, ROM, RAM, CPU)
3 Teach Ss to understand the functions of different parts of a computer.
Part
fun_ction
flash disk
a flat piece of plastic for storing information
keyboard
a set of keys for typing
printer
a machine that puts the words and pictures onto paper
screen
a part where you can see the words and pictures
monitor
a screen that shows information from a computer
Step 4 More words related to computers
scanner 扫描器 sound card声卡 Hyperlink 超链接 network card
cursor 光标 click点击
Ask them to complete the poster on page 47.
Answers:
1) keyboard 2) mouse 3) data 4) CPU
5) e-mails 6) surf 7) download 8) software
Step 5 Homework
1. Revise what we have learnt in this part.
2. Try to find more information about computer science.
3. Preview Grammar and usage.
课件32张PPT。Unit 3Unit 3
Tomorrow’s world Word Power
Forming abstract nouns from verbs and adjectives & Words related to computers and the InternetCompare the following two groups of words. Tell us the part of the speech of each word and then think about the similarities and the differences between the two group.Warming upGroup 1: house, milk, driver, game
Group 2: revision, preparation, decision,
differenceAll the words are nouns, but words in Group 1 refer to physical things and words in Group 2 refer to ideas, actions and qualities. These words are called abstract nouns.An abstract noun is a noun that refers
to an idea, an action, a general quality or something that we cannot see or touch directly.
Most abstract nouns are uncountable.
Only a few of them are countable,
e.g. a hope, an idea, and a situation.Abstract nounsCan you think more abstract words?revision, direction, decision, preparation,
argument, happiness, judgment, civilization, dependence, difference, assistance, pleasure, loyalty, humility, cruelty, action, failure…Try to find the rules of forming abstract nouns from verbs and adjectives.We can form abstract nouns from some verbs and adjectives by adding suffixes.loyalill1. adjectives → abstract nounsreal即时练习：
1.Thanks to his ________ we are all saved, and all of us think he is such a _____ person. (kind; kindness)
2.The man carried the boy to ______ as the train come over, and the boy was ____ at last. (safe; safety)kindnesskindsafetysafe2. verbs → abstract nounsdependperformancefail+ ing+ mentdiscussioninform1. When Julia _____ in the exam, her mother told her “______ is the mother of success”.
2. Many wild animals _______________ because of pollution. We have to take some actions to prevent the
_____________ of wild animals.
(disappearance; disappear) failedFailurehave disappeareddisappearance3. The new motorway between the two cities has finally ________.
The manager made a speech at the _________ ceremony of the supermarket. (open; opening)openedopeningWe sometimes need to remove or change the final letter(s) of a word before adding the suffix:verb produce _________ production
decide _________ decision
please _________ pleasure
adj. silent _________ silence
pretty _________ prettiness-e + tion-de+ sion-e+ ure-t+ ce-y+nessComplete the article about the history of one of the world’s most successful online business on Page 46.
Answers:
1. _____________ 2. _____________
3. _____________ 4. _____________
5. _____________developmentfailureconnectionsimprovementsachievementWords related to computers and the InternetComputers and the Internet are becoming more and more important. A lot of students are interested in using them for both school work and fun.
Do you know any words about computers? Give some examples.Try to recognize the different parts of computers in the pictures:data, download, e-mail, software, CPU, surf, printer, monitor, speaker, mouse, screen, keyboard, flash disk, CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, CPU…monitormonitorCD-ROM/DVD-ROM drivehard drivespeakerkeyboardmousemouse matprinterCD-ROM/ DVD-ROMflash diskROM means Read Only Memory.Let’s fill in the form together.flash diskkeyboardprinterscreenmonitormousespeakerCD-ROM/DVD-ROMhard drivemouse matUse the words we learned to complete the poster on Page 47.
Answers:
1. _________ 2. ________ 3. _________
4. _________ 5. ________ 6. _________
7. _________ 8. ________keyboardmousedataCPUe-mailssurfdownloadsoftwareMore words related to computers:
scanner sound card
Hyperlink network card
cursor click扫描器超链接光标声卡网卡点击I. Fill in the blanks with suitable abstract nouns according to the words given.The ___________ (govern) is trying to
take some ______ (safe) measures to ensure the _______ (grow) of teenagers.
2. His final __________ (appear) was really a great ________ (please) to us.pleasuregovernmentsafetygrowthappearance3. Jack’s _________ (happy) was the
result of many years of ________ (hard).
His struggle did leave a deep __________
(impress) on his friends.
4. The cruel mother showed no _________
(accept) to the poor girl, who suffered a lot
from the _______ (refuse).refusalhappinesshardshipimpressionacceptance5. Once a _______ (decide) is made, you
should carry it out with __________
(confident). Then there’ll be some
_________ (possible) of your success.
6. Since his _________ (child), the boy
knew that _______ (honest) was of great
_________ (important), which would
lead to his great ____________ (achieve).achievement(s)decisionconfidencepossibilitychildhoodhonestyimportance7. In this _________ (king), __________
(leader) should be achieved through
the fierce __________ (move).
8. On the man’s _______ (arrive) in
Liverpool, he began his amazing way
to his _________ (star).stardomkingdomleadershipmovementarrival1. Revise what we have learnt in this part.
2. Try to find more information
about computer science.
3. Preview Grammar and usage.HomeworkUnit 3 Tomorrow’s World words expressions
【语境展示】
1. The strongroom is as secure as we can make it.
我们的保险库建造得十分安全。
2. At last they were able to feel secure about the future.
他们终于觉得不必为将来担忧了。
3. Our victory is secure.
我们胜券在握。
4. She is said to have got a secure job in a big company.
据说她在一家大公司得到一份稳定的工作。
5. A climber needs secure footholds.
攀登的人脚踩的地方要很牢固。
6. They’ve secured government backing for the project.
他们得到政府对该计划的支持。
7. The man secured the ladder with ropes.
那个人用绳子把梯子捆好。
8. The sandbags secured the town during the flood.
沙袋使该镇免受水灾。
【归纳】
1. 根据例句1-5 可知，secure 可作形容词，意为“安全的；安心的；有把握的；
稳固的；牢固的”。
2. 根据例句6-8可知，secure还可作动词，意为“获得；使牢靠；使安全”。
【即学即用】汉译英。
1. 那个小男孩在父母身边感到安心。
__________________________________________________
2. 把所有门窗关好再出门。
__________________________________________________
add to
【语境展示】
1. Fireworks added to the attraction of the festival night.
焰火使节日的夜晚更加生色。
2. His remarks add to the proof that she is innocent.
他的话进一步证明她是无辜的。
3. The old house has been added to from time to time.
这幢老房子一次又一次地在扩建。
【归纳】
根据以上例句可知，add to意为“使增加，使增强，使扩大”。
【拓展】
1. add up意为“把……加起来”。如：
It is strange that the waiter can’t add up.
很奇怪，这个服务员不会算账。
2. add up to意为“总共有”。如：
The words we have learned so far add up to about 3,500.
到目前为止，我们学过的单词总计大约有三千五百个。
【即学即用】用add to，add up 或add up to的适当形式补全下列句子。
1. _____ these figures and you will know the result of the competition.
2. The bad weather _____ our difficulties, but we managed to top the hill.
3. Do you believe that Lincoln ’s education _____ no more than one year?
fun_ction
【语境展示】
1. The school dining room can fun_ction as a meeting place for teachers and students.
学校的餐厅可作为老师和学生的聚会场所。
2. The machine won’t fun_ction well if you don’t oil it.
你若不给机器加油，它就不能很好地运转。
3. The main fun_ction of kidneys is to remove waste products from the blood.
肾脏的主要功能就是把废物从血液中排除掉。
4. The fun_ction of a chairman at a meeting is to lead and control the meeting.
在会上，主席的职责是引导并控制会议。
【归纳】
1. 根据例句1、2 可知，fun_ction 可作动词，意为“起作用；运转”。常用搭配：fun_ction as ... 意为“起……作用；具有……功能”。
2. 根据例句3、4 可知，fun_ction 还可作名词，意为“作用，功能；职责”。
【即学即用】汉译英。
1. 客厅里的沙发在夜里可以当床用。
______________________________________________
2. 桥梁起到提供水上通路的作用。
_____________________________________________
Key：
secure
1. The little boy felt secure near his parents.
2. Secure all the doors and windows before leaving.
add to
1. Add up 2. added to 3. added up to
fun_ction
1. The sofa in the living room functions as a bed at night.
2. Bridges perform the fun_ction of providing access across water.
Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21. Little Margaret only came _____ when she sat down at the piano, playing her favourite song.
A. absent B. alive C. awake D. alike
22. Though out of fashion, my mobile phone is still in good _____, so I won’t change it for a new one for the time being.
A. state B. order C. shape D. condition
23. —Another cup of coffee? It ’s your third since lunch.
—You know I can’t _____ without enough coffee in the afternoon.
A. fun_ction B. operate C. develop D. improve
24. We are left with the _____ that everybody has a chance of being promoted in the company, if they work hard.
A. impression B. Expression C. satisfaction D. devotion
25. —I wonder when we will start off.
—You’d better _____ your bags right now. We’re leaving in an hour.
A. pick up B. take up C. put up D. pack up
26. Teachers should pay _____ attention to their students, communicating with them regularly and trying to reach them.
A. passive B. social C. constant D. opening
27. Sarah is a Welsh girl, although she _____ open a new chapter in her dress designer life when she moved to Australia.
A. was due to B. was about to
C. was able to D. was likely to
28. When you visit our school in September, the new classroom building _____ for new students to study in.
A. has been building B. will be building
C. will have been built D. is being built
29. I was searching my pockets for the door key. _____ I realized that I had left it in the office.
A. All of a sudden B. On the whole
C. Once in a while D. In the first place
30. As the development of technology gives women more power to get involved in international markets, it’s high time that governments _____ that they are rising as champions in many fields at a greater speed than ever before.
A. admit B. will admit C. admitted D. would admit
31. Because Jack and Sam _____ by several major record companies _____ piracy, they had to close down the website.
A. accused; of B. were accused; of C. accused; for D. were accused; for
32. When I was asked to repeat the poem from memory, my mind suddenly became blank and it _____ me.
A. forgot B. escaped C. missed D. avoided
33. The campers set off the next morning, and soon they arrived at _____ seemed to be a good place for them to stop for a rest outside a school which was closed, probably for the weekend.
A. which B. where C. what D. that
34. —Have you decided whether to sell your house in California?
—Yes. I’d _____ it for the time being as house prices are rising sharply at the moment.
A. hold on to B. go back to C. look forward to D. come up to
35. —I think you’d better call Andy immediately and tell him about the details of our plan.
—_____? He’ll come here this afternoon.
A. How come B. So what C. Why not D. Why bother
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I, together with the other two boys, was sitting waiting in one of the coolest hotels I had ever seen when it happened: I got to meet my 36 , Tony Hawk.
I woke up in the early morning and felt very 37 . I knew the interview would be 38 I'd remember for the rest of my life. I left my home 39 what it would be like to meet someone I had 40 since I first saw him on television. I 41 at Tony's hotel and met the other two teens. Then we began to 42 all the questions we would ask Tony.
Soon, there was a knock at the door. I started to 43 . I could not believe the 44 that I was about to meet the best skateboarder of all time. Tony Hawk 45 and sat down across from me. I was very nervous 46 somehow was able to introduce myself. He was very 47 , and gave us honest answers to all our questions. Throughout the interview I 48 thinking, “Wow, he is so cool. Most people in his 49 might be really proud but he was very modest.”He said if we 50 gave up, our dream would come true sooner or later.
After the interview he left 51 . He had to prepare for the MTV Music Award program the following night. I was so 52 to have had the chance to interview the greatest 53 , who has got many champions (冠军) in the USA. I will never forget this 54 and could not wait to get home and 55 it with my family and my friends.
36. A. hero B. friend C. teacher D. cousin
37. A. angry B. calm C. excited D. worried
38. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing
39. A. expecting B. doubting C. forgetting D. wondering
40. A. admired B. missed C. followed D. protected
41. A. looked B. stopped C. arrived D. stayed
42. A. find out B. go over C. reply to D. give up
43. A. laugh B. argue C. shout D. shake
44. A. fact B. lesson C. result D. trouble
45. A. drove in B. jumped up C. climbed out D. walked in
46. A. as B. so C. but D. or
47. A. brave B. friendly C. strict D. shy
48. A. kept B. tried C. hated D. enjoyed
49. A. hotel B. office C. direction D. position
50. A. still B. often C. never D. sometimes
51. A. sadly B. quickly C. quietly D. suddenly
52. A. happy B. busy C. clever D. poor
53. A. dancer B. sailor C. swimmer D. skateboarder
54. A. decision B. promise C. experience D. information
55. A. read B. share C. discuss D. change
第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题，内小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Princess Winter is admired by her people for her grace and kindness, and despite the scars that spoil her face, her beauty is said to be even more breathtaking than that of her stepmother, Queen Levana.
Deciding not to take the abuse (虐待) from her stepmother any more, Winter, together with Cinder and her allies ( 盟友), get the power to stage a revolution (革命) and win a war that’s been raging for far too long ...
Editorial Reviews
School Library Journal 11/01/2015 Year 12+ — In the final installment (一部) of “The Lunar Chronicles” series, readers are introduced to Princess Winter, the beautiful stepdaughter of the evil Queen Levana. Forced to scar her own face as a child and refusing to use her Lunar gift to control people, Winter is still adored by the Lunars, especially her childhood friend and guard Jacin. Meanwhile, Cinder, now aware that she is Princess Selene, the true heir ( 继承人) to Luna, makes her way to Luna with Iko, Kai, Cress, Thorne, and Wolf in order to rescue Scarlet and overthrow
Levana. In a society where bioengineered wolf-men all serve to strengthen Levana’s rule, Cinder must rely on truthfulness and kindness in addition to physical strength if she is going to gain allies and create peace between Earth and Luna. This book may be the series’conclusion, but there are plenty of obstacles (障碍) and battles that the main characters must overcome before they live happily ever after.
Meyer is good at transitioning back and forth between multiple ( 多重的) story lines and exciting readers’ interest. The book has an open-ended conclusion, giving fans hope that further chronicles(编年史) may be on the horizon. Like the previous
entries in this widely appealing series, this title features strong heroines ( 女主人公) taking control of their destinies (命运) set against a fully developed and imaginative world to reach an ambitious and successful finale (结局).
56. The following characters probably decide to overturn Levana’s rule for the same reason EXCEPT _____.
A. Cress B. Iko C.Winter D.Wolf
57. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Winter is the first best-seller of its author Meyer.
B. The writer Meyer constructs a simple plot in the book.
C. Winter is probably suitable for students younger than 12.
D. The writer Meyer doesn’t put down the ending of the story.
58. We can infer from the passage that Luna in the book is _____.
A. the planet taken control by Earth
B. the kingdom whereWinter lives
C. the mysterious gift thatWinter has
D. the obstacleWinter has to overcome
B
We were moving into our new townhouse last year when I met the grandparents next door.
“We hope you'll come by if you need anything,” they said.
They had two grandchildren, and the wife, a reading specialist, had more books than you could count. The neighbors on our other side, also grandparents, offered play dates for when their grandson visited.
As we were being welcomed into this community (社区), I handed some adults my phone number, so they could call me if they saw anything of concern.
To call me, not the police. Unless there was a crime (犯罪行为) taking place or a fire, I hoped they would call me.
In a community where nobody knows your name, maybe your first call is to the police department. But wouldn't it be nicer if neighbors knew your name and you knew the child's name and perhaps even their parents'?
As a nervous parent, I welcome more eyes caring for my child.“What do you do if I fall and hurt my ankle ( 脚踝)?”I asked my daughter one afternoon.
“Go and knock on the neighbors' door and ask for help,” she said. Then we practiced. Yale Parenting Center head Alan Kazdin said, “Talking to children isn't enough. We have to practice the situations so they physically know what to do.” Last week, another child knocked on my door. “Can she play?”
I didn't see any adults with the young boy, who I had just met a day ago. I called out to my child, who knew nothing about this child except that he liked to dance like she did the day before.
“Sure,” I said. They ran off to find my daughter's large collection of Legos.
I called his grandfather, yet another neighbor, to tell him I had his grandson in my house. He thanked me for the call and asked me to send him back when they were done.
59. The author's neighbors on both sides _____.
A. were very friendly to her
B. were reading specialists
C. were young couples
D. were tired of kids
60. Why did the author give her phone number to some adults?
A. To ask them to call her if there was a crime.
B. To ask them to call her if there was a party.
C. To make as many friends as possible.
D. To try to help them if possible.
61. What does Alan Kazdin probably think of the practice between the author and her child?
A. It is doubtful. B. It is worrying. C. It is interesting. D. It is meaningful.
62. The story of the young boy is given to show _____.
A. the author's neighbors trusted her
B. the author's daughter was popular
C. the author was shy but generous
D. the boy was rude but honest
C
Have you ever seen book covers from the 1800s in which the artist attempted to envision and describe a future world? They always seem quaint(离奇有趣的) compared to the contemporary world as it has been realized — a proof that we are so
limited in imagining the unknown that it will always take on shades of what we have in front of us today. Early science fiction is the same way, as we see in Paolo Mantegazza’s The Year 3000: A Dream translated in its entirety into English for the first time by David Jacobson.
Mantegazza’s thirty-first century couple, Paolo and Maria, are going on a global hike to get a marriage license. In one of their last stops in Andropolis, they go to the museum of natural history, which houses samples of all life forms as well as“possible people”. These“possible people” are scientists’impression of alien beings, and Paolo finds them extremely funny:
“Oh, my dear Maria, how comical these creatures are, how grotesque ( 奇形怪状的), above all, how impossible! … We can imagine only anthropomorphic (拟人化的) forms after all.”
This is one of several moments when Mantegazza showed his awareness of his own limitations and obsolescence ( 过时) as one making predictions of the future world. Though he really needn’t, considering that many of his previsions about biology, medicine, global politics and communication weren’t far from the mark. The fun of reading the otherwise very dry book is to imagine Mantegazza imagining us and re-imagining ourselves and our future. The book editor’s useful notes also help us locate ourselves in his time and mind.
Employing elements ( 元素) common to other science fiction writers of the time, such as Félix Bodin and émile Souvestre, Mantegazza creates his world for a greater purpose than simply making fantastic predictions. A physician, surgeon, naturalist, anthropologist and jack-of-all-trades, Paolo Mantegazza combined his interest in science with his investment in moral (道德的) questions of his day in his varied writings.
What is evident is Mantegazza’s optimism about the future and especially about the role of science. In his future world humans all speak a universal ( 共同的) language, and improvements in medicine and infrastructure (基础设施) have made people live longer — to the ripe age of 70! While life of these evolved, efficient, almost na?ve thirty-first century humans seems to be dull, you don’t mind
taking a quiet tour past the statues and beautiful fountains for a few pages.
63. We can know from the passage that the book The Year 3000: A Dream _____.
A. was written in the 19th century
B. was originally written in English
C. is more of a diary than a science-fiction novel
D. was not fully appreciated when it was published
64. The author thinks compared to today’s reality, the previsions made by Paolo Mantegazza are _____.
A. confusing B. dead right C. acceptable D. fairly narrow
65. According to the passage, what makes The Year 3000: A Dream special compared with books written by Félix Bodin and émile Souvestre?
A. The combination of science and morality.
B. Paolo Mantegazza’s creative imagination.
C. Paolo Mantegazza’s optimistic attitude.
D. The great sincerity showed in the book.
D
There are certain people, brought up in exacting circumstances, who end up believing they must get everything right in order to survive. This sounds extreme but it is certainly the belief they have held as children. They may have been given the
message by their parents that they need to know everything and that they mustn’t get anything wrong, or they will fall short. These are life’s perfectionists and if they adhere to their childhood belief, they will have a tough, exhausting path ahead.
Perfectionists have been led to believe there is only one way of doing things and that theirs is the right way. This can considerably narrow down your field of experiences and does not leave a lot of room for spontaneity (自发行为). It is also very tiring as you need to be constantly vigilant (警惕的) to make sure you don’t slip up and get anything wrong. Because these people work very hard to get everything “right” and they are extremely sensitive to criticism ( 批评), they do not recognise how judgmental and critical of others they are when they notice someone has got something “wrong”.
Of course, there are times when being a perfectionist is a plus. If you are in charge of shutting down a nuclear reactor (核反应堆) then it will be most important to get all the details exactly right. However, differentiating between a life-threatening need for attention to detail and a desire to get things “right” is a useful and necessary social skill to learn. Your childhood experiences may not have equipped you with the ability to tell the difference. When you are asked to “perform”, you get back into your childhood state where it was important to get things right and you felt failure life-threatening. Letting go of this outdated belief will be hard.
If you are one of life’s perfectionists, it will be tough trying to get used to it but the benefits in the long term are huge. The probability is that many more people will like you, you will like yourself more and you will free up energy and time previously devoted to getting things right and checking up on other people. You need to release yourself from the incorrect belief that there is only one way to do something. Learn to embrace (欣然接受) other people’s experience and expertise. Be willing to admit that you are not always right, and that other methods are just as good as yours and sometimes even better.
Start slowly by going along with somebody else’s plans even though you think your plans would be the“right”way to proceed. Choose a situation which does not really matter if it goes wrong; for example, work out the quickest route to get somewhere when you have plenty of time to spare. If the route selected by the other person turns out to be longer, you will not lose much. If the route chosen turns out to be quicker, you will gain because you will know a quicker route. If they are the same, you will have learned a valuable lesson — there are many effective ways to achieve the same goal.
As you test different situations, you will begin to see for yourself that rigid (死板的) beliefs can be self-limiting. They also stop you learning new techniques and evolving and refining better ways of doing tasks. Once you let go of the belief that there is a right and wrong way to approach tasks, you will become more approachable and your flexibility (变通能力) will grow.
66. The underlined phrase “adhere to” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to“_____”.
A. appeal to B. get used to C. lead to D. hold on to
67. According to the passage, life’s perfectionists often fail to notice that they are _____.
A. worn out B. sensitive C. particular D. devoted
68. The author thinks the reason behind the problem of life’s perfectionists lies in their inability to _____.
A. tell when they should seek perfection
B. tell the difference between various social skills
C. learn from others’ experience and success
D. get used to the environment they live in
69. How does Paragraph 5 mainly develop?
A. By making a comparison.
B. By providing an example.
C. By following the order of time.
D. By following the order of importance.
70. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Perfectionists are socially disabled
B. Stop being poisoned by perfectionism
C. Seeking perfection does no good to you
D. Deal with your perfectionism with flexibility
第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
Everyone has dreams or goals, big or small — but not everyone makes them come true. Most goals are hard to achieve — that’s why they’re goals.
People tend to think goal-reaching is about willpower, but it’s not, says Heidi Reeder, PhD, who wrote a book about how to realize goals with commitment (专心致志).
“There are many goals that require great breadth of vision,” Reeder says. “Willpower can help me go running on this particular day, but what about 4 months later when I’m still training for that marathon race? The secret to reaching your goals is commitment.”
Here are some tips that help you cultivate (培养) commitment — and devote yourself to achieving your dream.
In our we-want-it-now culture, we often expect to see results right away, but change takes time. To stick to your efforts, celebrate the progress, not just the final outcome. Trying to save $10,000 for a down payment on a house? Shoot for $500 a month, and then reward yourself for meeting your mini-goal.
“Surprisingly, it is often the little, fixable things that get in our way,” Reeder says. Is your gym too far away to get to every day? Sign up at a closer one. Does your boss always bring donuts into the office? Avoid the break room. Instead of making excuses, just fix them.
If your goal is to get higher grades in the final exam, then you shouldn’t allow your thoughts to linger ( 徘徊) on the new video game your friends are playing. If your goal is to finish project A, don’t start imagining about the excitement of project B or C. “Your attention matters,” Reeder says, “so consistently (一直) focus it on your commitment.”
Is your goal something you truly desire, or are you pursuing ( 追寻) it for some other reason? For example, people who wanted to lose weight for personal reasons rather than pressures — such as to please others — were more successful at sticking to their goals, a recent study found. “That applies to all goals,” Reeder says. “If we don’t personally value the idea, we’re less likely to achieve it.”
Let’s say you want to be a successful musician, but you attach a specific condition — for example, you have to have 1 million likes on You Tube in one month. “That may be unrealistic, but the long-term goal, to be a successful musician, is not,” she says. “If you are firm in your commitment, but flexible in exactly what it looks like or how you get there, your chances of success will be increased greatly.”
Teamwork in sports
Introduction
● Not everyone can realize their dream.
● (71) _____ is thought to be key to the realization of a goal, which is in fact against the public view.
How to
commit to
commitment
Break down your goal into smaller pieces:
● Take (72) _____ effort.
● Every step towards your goal deserves a(n) (73) _____.
Address the small problems that (74) _____ your way:
● Don’t stop for the small problems that prevent you from going forward.
● It’s no use finding (75) _____.
Stay (76) _____:
● Get rid of the ideas that have nothing to do with your goals.
● Never (77) _____ to the next step.
Ask yourself why you want this:
● Realizing the (78) _____ of your goal can help you achieve it.
(79) _____ your long-term goal:
● Your mini-goal may be (80) _____, so keep devoting yourself to your long-term goal.
第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）
假定你在某英语论坛上发现一个主题为“If I had a time machine”的帖子。请你根据以下提示，发挥想象，写一篇150词左右的英语短文，作为回帖。
要点提示：
1. 你想用这台时间机器穿越到未来；
2. 谈谈你对未来世界的猜想：科技的发展、人们的生活、世界的环境……；
3. 你想问生活在未来世界的人们什么问题。
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
参考答案
21-25 BDAAD 26-30 CBCAC
31-35 BBCAD 36-40 ACBDA
41-45 CBDAD 46-50 CBADC
51-55 BADCB 56-60 CDBAD
61-65 DAACA 66-70 DCABB
71.Willpower 72. continuous
73. reward 74. block
75. excuses 76. focused
77. skip 78. importance / value
79. Follow 80. unrealistic
One possible version:
If I had a time machine, I hope it could take me to the world some time in the future. If you look back on the developments in the past 20,000 years, then you will feel great to think about how much we would achieve as a society and how much we would learn in the future.
At that time, we may have incredible new technologies available. We may also have discovered amazing new ways to travel — flying cars may have been a reality. Or even we may have moved into space and take control of new planets. But what concerns me most is whether humans could handle the problem of pollution in the future.
If life in the future does not match my expectations, I would ask people living at that time what they would say to people living in the past as their warnings to us.
Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21. —How about going for a swim or a picnic this coming Saturday?
—_____, honey. We do need to get close to nature.
A. That depends??????????? ?????? B. Forget it ?????????
C. Sounds great??????????????????? D. Go ahead
22. —“Learning through use” is _____ good advice on studying a new language.
—True. Practice is of _____ great importance.
A. a; a????????????????????????? ?????? B. a; 不填?????
C. 不填; a?????????????????????????? D. 不填;不填
23. We _____ order too much food; it is a total waste of food and money.
A. can’t ????????????????????? ?????? B. couldn’t ?????????
C. may not ????????????????? ?????? D. shouldn’t
24. The young mother is now hunting for a new job, _____ that doesn’t require her to work at night.
A. one???? ??????????????????????????? B. it??????????????
C. the one?????? ???????????????????? D. that
25. What he said just now _____ me of that famous professor. ?
A. reminded???????????????? ?????? B. informed ????????
C. warned??????????????????????????? D. accused
26. Many species are dying out for lack of protection. _____, it’s high time we did something for them.
A. However ??????????????? ?????? B. Anyway???????????
C. Therefore ?????????????? ?????? D. Meanwhile
27. A healthy and balanced breakfast _____ can make you energetic all day should include some eggs, milk or a little meat.
A. who??? ??????????????????????????? B. which???????
C. what????????? ???????????????????? D. why
28. Time passes at a(n) _____ speed. It cannot be slowed down or speeded up.
A. virtual ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. constant????
C. lightning????????????????? ?????? D. average
29. The young man was wearing a cool new T-shirt he bought online, hoping to make a good _____ on the interviewers.
A. expression??????????????? ?????? B. fun_ction???????????
C. sightseeing?????????????? ?????? D. impression
30. He is now sales manager of a large company, but did you know in order to survive he _____ part-time jobs for six years?
A. does ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. did??????????????????
C. has done?????????????????? ?????? D. has been doing
31. The girl can express herself fluently in English, and that is _____ she has an advantage over other employees.
A. which?????????????? ????????????? B. whether????????????
C. what ?????????????? ????????????? D. where
32. —Do you know the woman with short blonde hair?
—I remember where we met, but her name _____ me now.
A. fails??? ? ?????????? ????????????? B. escapes
C. avoids??????? ????????????? ?????? D. tricks
33. He smiled politely _____ Lisa apologized for not being able to arrive on time.
A. though ?????????????????? ?????? B. unless ??????
C. as???????????????????? ?????? ?????? D. if
34. The problem of air pollution in big cities is likely to worsen unless stronger measures _____ immediately.
A. are taken?????????? ????????????? B. are being taken?
C. will take ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. have been taken
35. I was injured in an accident and the pain in my leg was _____ I could stand. So I had to take several days off.
A. less than??????????? ????????????? B. rather than????????
C. more than????????? ????????????? D. other than
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
?????? 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
If you expect something to turn out badly, it probably will. But the same principle (原则) also ?36 ?the other way. If you expect good things to happen, they ??37 ?do. There seems to be a natural cause-and-effect ?38 ?between optimism and success.
Optimism and pessimism (悲观) are both powerful ?39 , and each of us must choose one to shape our attitudes and our expectations. There are enough good and bad things in everyone’s life — sorrow and happiness, joy and pain — to find a(n) ?40 ?for either optimism or pessimism. We can ?41 ?to laugh or cry, bless or curse. It’s our ?42 . From which aspect do we want to view life? Will we look up in hope or ?43 ?in despair (绝望)?
An optimistic attitude is ?44 . The way you ?45 ?life will determine how you feel, how you perform, and how ?46 ?you will be with other people. Thoughts, attitudes, and expectations ?47 ?each other.
Optimism doesn’t need to be naive (天真的). You can be an optimist and still ?48 ?that problems exist and that some of them are not dealt with ?49 . But what a difference optimism makes is the attitude of the problem solver.
Optimism ?50 ?our attention away from negativism (消极态度) and changes it into positive, constructive ?51 . When you’re an optimist, you’re more concerned with problem-solving than with ?52 ?complaining about problems. ?53 , without optimism, problems as big as poverty have no ?54 ?of solution. It takes a dreamer unlimited confidence to ??55 ?a problem that is big. Which attitude you will choose is your choice.
36. A. works?? ?????????????????B. occurs??????? C. starts?? ???????? D. continues
37. A. actually ? ? ? ? ? B. usually????????????? C. uncertainly????????????D. casually
38. A. problem ? ? ? ? ??B. state C. relationship ??????????D. change
39. A. plans ?? ? ? B. ways???????????????? C. experiences?????????????D. forces
40. A. belief ? ? ? ? ? B. conclusion???????? C. reason ? ? ?? ?D. explanation
41. A. choose? ????????????????B. continue???? C. agree ? ? ? ? ? D. try
42. A. goal ? ? ?? B. decision???? C. turn ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. duty
43. A. through ? ? ? ?? ? ?B. over????????????????? C. down??????????????? ?????? D. out
44. A. possible ?????????????????B. pleasant ?????????? C. normal ? ? ? ? ? D. necessary
45. A. look at?????????????????????B. deal with?????????? C. put up with ?????? D. take part in
46. A. simple??????????????????????B. acceptable???????? C. good???????????????? ????? D. busy
47. A. affect???????????????????????B. improve??????????? C. control ? ? ?? ? D. protect
48. A. realize??????????????????????B. imagine????? ?????? C. expect ?????????????? D. determine
49. A. strictly??????????????????????B. traditionally?????? C. constantly????? D. easily
50. A. draws???????????????????????B. receives???????????? C. removes???????????? D. needs
51. A. activity?????????????????????B. policy?????????????? C. thinking?????? D. understanding
52. A. priceless????? ?????????????B. legal?? C. silent ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. useless
53. A. Therefore??????????????????B. However?????????? C. Otherwise ? ?? ?D. Besides
54. A. experience????????????????B. hope???????????????? C. difficulty ? ? ?? ? ? ?D. skill
55. A. research ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. consider?????????? ? C. solve???????? ?????? D. compare
?
第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
?????? My family has had a cabin at Nutimik Lake since 1992. I was 15, and my brother, Wayne, was 13 during the second summer we spent there.
One morning, my mom and I rode around the cabin grounds and then decided to head for the neighboring campground of Opapiskaw. We knew it wasn’t a long drive as we had driven by it in the car every trip to and from the cabin. So we thought it couldn’t be a very long bike ride. But the ride was more exhausting than expected — we’d forgotten the hilly terrain (地形).
It was mid-morning when we finally got there. We were hot after the long ride, so we found the beach and walked in the cool water. Then we headed back, trying to beat the midday sun. We hadn’t gone very far before my bike got a flat tire (漏气的车胎). The only thing to do was to walk our bikes home.
It was about noon when we saw the distant shape of Wayne riding towards us on his bike. He had expected us to return home in one or two hours, so he decided to look for us. Satisfied that we were all right, Wayne headed back to the cabin.
We were about three quarters of the way when we saw Wayne riding towards us again, this time carrying a plastic bag. Inside, we found a tire pump (打气筒) and the last ice cream from home. Wayne was disappointed when he found that the ice cream had melted (融化), but Mom and I lovingly thanked him and ate it up. Then, with the tire and our stomachs full, we all rode safely home together.
That ice cream may have been the most melted I’ve ever eaten, but it was also the best tasting that anyone’s ever given me.
56. The underlined word “it” (in Paragraph 2) refers to “_____”.
A. the bike????????????????????????? B. the beach???
C. the cabin????????????????? D. the campground ?????
57. Why did Wayne ride to the author and the mother for the first time?
A. He wanted to know the way to the beach.???
B. He hoped to join them for the bike ride.?
C. He was worried about them.?
D. He felt lonely in the cabin.?
58. While eating the melted ice cream, the author _____.
A. was very pleased ??????????? B. felt quite disappointed
C. thought it was useless D. found Wayne was careless
59. What is the best title of the passage?
A. A flat tire in the sun? B. The best ice cream ever
C. A cabin at Nutimik Lake D. The longest bike ride home???
B
The year is 1952. On the small island of Koshima in Japan, some scientists have put out some sweet potatoes on the beach. They are here to study the snow monkeys, and they hope the potatoes will lure some out of hiding. Shortly, a group of furry snow monkeys moves out of the forest and onto the beach. They like the sweet potatoes.
The monkeys sort out the sweet potatoes from the sand on the beach. But the sand feels bad between their teeth. So they pick the sand off the potatoes before they eat them.
Imo, a young monkey in the group, picks at the sand on her sweet potato, but it’s slow going. Suddenly she stands up and carries her potato to a small stream that comes down from the mountain. She puts her potato into the water — once, twice, three times. The sand is gone. Imo eats her potato without sand and her favorite playmate has been watching.
For the next six months, the scientists watch as other monkeys try Imo’s new idea. First her playmate picks up a potato and puts it in the stream. Then Imo’s mother tries it too. Soon most of the young monkeys and their mothers are doing it. Some even follow Imo’s lead as she starts to dip her sweet potato in the sea, even after it is clean. Dip, bite, dip again. The salty water makes the potato taste even better!
Finally, Imo’s new idea spreads through the group until most of the younger monkeys are washing their sweet potatoes. But stubbornly, the older monkeys still brush the sand off slowly with their hands. They don’t want to learn any new tricks.
Now, 60 years later, Imo’s group is still washing their potatoes, as each generation teaches the trick to their children. Where do good ideas start? Sometimes it just takes someone brave enough to try something a little different.
60. The underlined word “lure” (in Paragraph 1) probably means “_____”.
A. ask???? ???????????????? B. help????
C. find??? ????????????????? D. attract
61. What can we learn from the study in 1952?
A. Monkeys often help each other.
B. Monkeys can think like human beings.
C. Young monkeys are receptive to new ideas.
D. Young monkeys learn tricks from their parents.
62. Which of the following can best describe Imo?
A. Stubborn.???? ??????? B. Clever.???
C. Friendly.??? ?????????? D. Careless.
63. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. Time will tell B. Imo tries something new
C. Choosing a monkey leader D. Getting through the hard times
C
When you think of a forest, what do you see? Just trees? Or do you see many other things, such as small insects, worms, restless squirrels, singing birds, and colorful plants?
The forest is a whole world of its own, and it is full of many different living things. However, even though they are all different, they have one thing in common: they all need each other in order to survive.
Trees feed the animals of the forest. They make food in their leaves by using sunlight to combine water and minerals (矿物质) absorbed (吸收) from the soil and air. Their network of roots sticks into the soil and helps trees absorb water, making it possible for creature to live in it.
The earthworms, who live on the forest floor, also help to keep the soil livable and full of nutrients (营养). Their holes in the ground allow air and water, which bear many minerals, to pass freely through the soil.
Insects, who eat the leaves of the trees, are the main food of birds. Feeding on the insects, birds help keep forest life in balance by preventing the insects from overrunning the forest.
Squirrels also play their part. They feed on the seeds of the trees, yet they, like the birds, use the branches of the trees for their homes.
Human beings are like the living things in the forest. We need one another in order to survive. We rely on farmers to grow food, truck drivers to bring it to local stores, and salesmen to sell it. We need people to prepare and cook food, and others to take garbage away. Then, of course, we need doctors and nurses to take care of us when we are sick, mail carriers, telephone operators, and newspaper delivery (递送) people to keep us in touch, as well as scientists, engineers and government leaders to improve how we live.
We also need each other in another way. We need people to talk over our problems with us, to exchange ideas, and just to chat about everyday happenings with us. Think how lonely and unhappy you would be if you lived without the companionship of other people.
Life is a matter of give and take. We need to help other people as much as we need other people to help us. Besides, think what a good feeling you have when you have done something for someone else!
64. What can we know from the passage?
A. Trees make it possible for living things to live in the forest.
B. Earthworms keep the soil wet by producing water.
C. Birds prevent insects from eating too many tree leaves.
D. Trees can gain nutrients from other animals in the forest.
65. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The forest is very crowded.
B. One tree does not make a forest.
C. All living things need one another.
D. Humans are like trees.
66. Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from?
A. A science book. ????????????? B. A guidebook.
C. A lesson plan.?? ???????????? D. An advertisement.
D
Autonomous (自动的) cars, self-driving cars, robotic cars, or driverless cars — whatever you call them — are coming to a showroom near you.
It might take a couple of years, but few people at the Geneva Motor Show would disagree that one day science fantasy (幻想) will become reality.
However, while Google, BMW, Ford and IBM have been working on the technology (技术), less attention has been given to what it means for passengers. The Swiss company, Rinspeed, has tried to show the future with its concept car (概念车), Xchange.
“I wanted to put the passenger at the centre of what is possible, not the autonomous driving technology,” says Rinspeed’s founder Frank Rinderknecht. “Travelling in a driverless car will no longer require me to stare at the road, but will let me spend my time in a more meaningful way. You can work, sleep, read, or do whatever activities you might do on a train or a plane.
“But driverless cars will not mean the death of driving”, Mr Rinderknecht says. There will be times when a driver will want to drive. “Most driving is boring because you are just driving miles and miles. If I go on the motorway from London to Birmingham, it’s not very joyful. However, if I go over a mountain road, I want to drive myself and I don’t want the machine to do it.”
The safety matter will be a big challenge for companies of autonomous cars.
Mr Rinderknecht is already thinking beyond this concept car. “There will come a time when we will be travelling in a container, with no airbags or seatbelts because the chances of an accident will be so small.” But the real challenge may not be technological, but emotional. Convincing people to travel in a driverless car will be difficult.
“We know that nine out of ten plane crashes are due to pilot’s error. But if you go to Heathrow Airport and you are required to make a choice between planes with two pilots or with no pilot, I know which one you will trust. It may require a generation before people accept it, but it will happen”, he says.
67. When developing its Xchange concept car, Rinspeed has focused on _____.
A. ensuring the cars’ safety
B. advancing car-making skills
C. improving passengers’ riding experience
D. developing autonomous driving technology
68. According to Mr Rinderknecht, what will be the real challenge for driverless cars?
A. Ensuring their complete safety.
B. Persuading people to accept them.
C. Making them affordable to the public.
D. Setting out relative laws and rules.
69. According to Mr Rinderknecht, in the future _____.
A. driverless cars will be safer
B. driverless cars will help save more gas
C. driverless cars will be environmentally friendly
D. driving driverless cars will become interesting
70. What’s Mr Rinderknecht’s attitude towards the future of driverless cars?
A. Doubtful.????????? B. Worried.??????????
C. Uncertain.???????? D. Confident.
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第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
In the sports medicine field, a sports physical exam is a physical examination taken before taking part in a new sport, which helps decide whether it’s safe for you to take part in a particular sport. It’s mainly made up of two parts — the medical history and the physical exam. To know your medical history, a doctor will ask you about serious illnesses among your other family members, illnesses you had before or may have now, injuries you got in the past, whether you had chest pain or had trouble breathing during exercise, and so on. The medical history is important, so take time to answer the questions carefully and try to give the right answers.
On the other hand, during the physical exam, the doctor will usually record your height and weight, take your blood pressure and pulse, test your eyesight, and check your heart, lungs, ears, nose, and throat. At the end of the exam, the doctor will either fill out and sign a form if everything checks out OK or, in some cases, recommend a follow-up exam or specific treatment for medical problems.
A sports physical exam is important because it can help you find out and deal with health problems that might affect your participation (参加) in a sport. Your doctor may even have some good training tips and be able to give you some ideas for avoiding injuries. For example, your doctor may recommend specific exercises that help prevent injuries. A doctor can also find out risk factors (因素) that are linked to specific sports. Advice like this will make you a better, stronger athlete.
Taking a sports physical exam once a year is usually enough. But you should have your physical examination about 6 weeks before your sports season begins so there’s enough time to follow it up, if necessary. If you don’t get the “OK” from your doctor, you have to see a specialist. Don’t worry because a sports medicine specialist can help you figure out what is going on and give you suggestions or treatment before the sports season begins. So you can exercise without the risk of further injury to your body. Even if your sports physical exam doesn’t show any problems, it’s always wise to monitor yourself when you play sports. If you notice changes in your physical condition — even if you think they’re small, such as muscle pain or shortness of breath — be sure to tell them to a parent, your PE teacher or coach, in case you need any medication (药物治疗).
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第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）
科学技术的发展给我们的日常生活带来了很大的变化。请你以“Science and technology is changing our life greatly”为话题，谈谈你家三代人购物生活的变化，并畅想未来的购物方式。
注意：词数150左右。
参考答案
21-25 CDDAA ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 26-30 CBBDB
31-35 DBCAC ? ? ? ? ? ? 36-40 ABCDC???
41-45 ABCDA ????? ????? 46-50 CAADA???
51-55 CDABC??? ?????? 56-60 DCABD
61-65 CBBAC ????? ???? 66-70 ACBAD
71. safety ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 72. history?????
73. correctly ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 74. record?????????????
75. Importance ? ? ? ? ? 76. aware?????????????
77. train ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 78. follow?????
79. worried ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 80. changes
One possible version:
With the development of science and technology, our way of life has been changing all the time. Many things that we thought would never happen before are now a reality. For example, the way of shopping has changed in many ways. My grandmother told me she usually covered a long distance to a small shop in town to buy her goods. Later, supermarkets opened in our town, so my mother went shopping in a supermarket near my home because it was very convenient.
In recent years, online shopping has become popular. Many young people like me prefer to buy what we like sitting in front of the computer because it can save us time and labour.
I think, in the future, we may depend on our robot servants to do the shopping as well as the housework. New technology will benefit us a lot and we will enjoy the advantages it brings to us.
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