课件35张PPT。 Personal Background
个人情况核心语法突破：名词1．I don't think looking after children is just ________ work.
A．woman B．woman's
C．women D．women's本题考查名词复数不规则变化和名词复数的所有格。句意：我认为照顾孩子不仅仅是女士们的工作。女士们：women，女士们的：women's ，不以－s结尾的名词复数的所有格，直接在其后面加 －'s。D2． Cici enjoys dancing. It's one of her ________ .
A．prize B．prizes
C．hobby D．hobbies本题考查one of 短语和名词复数规则变化。one of 短语后接可数名词复数，hobby 是以辅音字母＋y结尾的规则名词， 所以变y为i加－es。D3．I'd like a ________ for dessert. Fruit, you know, is good for health.
A．potato B．banana
C．candy D．pie本题考查名词词义辨析。下句提到Fruit有益健康，而四词中banana是唯一的水果。故选B。B4．Jason likes the ________ of the cake. It is a heart.
A．color B．size C．smell D．shape
5．(2014?河北，30)I want sweet milk. Put some ________ in my cup, please.
A．ice B．soup C．salt D．sugar
本题考查名词词义辨析。由下句It is a heart.可知是喜欢蛋糕的形状。D本题考查名词词义辨析。由上句I want sweet milk.可知我喜欢甜的，所以要加糖sugar。D6．(2015?河北，29)Could you please take my picture? Here is my ________．
A．printer B．radio
C．player D．camera本题考查名词词义辨析。各选项均为电子产品类名词。由上句中的短语take my picture拍照，可知应选照相机camera。D7．(2016?河北，29)Your ________ is very helpful. I guess I'll take it.
A．secret B．advice
C．promise D．purpose本题考查名词词义辨析及固定搭配。由后句 I guess I'll take it.可知前面所缺单词能与take搭配构成短语；而take one's advice 是听从某人建议的意思，其他名词没有这样的搭配，所以应选advice。B8．(2017?河北，72)Every M________ I go to the Buddy Club.
9．(2017?河北，76)We have different ________(class)every day.考查形式：词语运用部分，短文中首字母填空。考点：时间类名词词义及写法。 易错点：本题学生易错填为morning，但从首字母大写，可知应为专有名词；结合前面的Every 可知为时间类名词，再联系上下文得出答案为Monday。onday考查形式：词语运用部分，短文中用所给单词正确形式填空。考点：规则名词的复数用法与写法。易错点：本题学生易错填为class，但从前面的different可知应填可数名词复数。classes名词考点列表名词的分类考点 2 1.规则变化
(1)cap ________ train ________ bed________
pet________ apple ________ house________
advantage ____________
(2)class________ brush ________ dish ________
box________ fox ________ dress________
watch ________ beach________ actress________
waitress________ boss ________capsbeds trainspetsappleshousesadvantagesclassesbrushesdishesboxesfoxesdresseswatchesbeachesactresseswaitressesbosses语法归纳考点1 可数名词的复数变化考点 2 (3)dictionary________ library________ country________ story ________ party ________ strawberry________
baby________ body________ ability________
city ________ activity ________ copy ________
diary________ factory________ family ________ fly________ secretary________ sky________
university________ worry________ boy________ toy________ day________ play ________ weekday ________ Sunday ________ survey ________
dictionarieslibrariescountriesstoriespartiesstrawberriesbabiesbodiesabilitiescitiesactivitiescopiesdiariesfactoriesfamiliesfliessecretariesskiesuniversitiesworriesboystoysdaysplaysweekdaysSundayssurveys(4)zoo________ kangaroo________ photo ________ piano ________ radio ________ kilo ________ hero________ tomato ________ potato ________ zero ________ volcano ________
(5)leaf________ knife ________ wife ________
scarf ________ handkerchief ____________
注意： roof________
(6)truth ________ mouth ________ path ________zooskangaroosphotospianosradioskilosheroestomatoespotatoeszerosvolcanoesleaveskniveswivesscarveshandkerchiefsroofstruthsmouthspaths2．不规则变化
(1)man ________ woman ________ policeman ________ policewoman ___________ tooth ________ foot ________
goose ________ mouse ________ child ________
(2)sheep________ deer________ means ________ works________ fish ________
(3)trousers, pants, shorts, clothes, scissors, goods(货物), glasses(眼镜)只有复数形式
(4)people, police, cattle, staff 等一些集体名词通常用作复数menwomenpolicemenpolicewomenteethfeetgeesemicechildrensheepdeermeansworksfish/fishes2．不规则变化
(1)man ________ woman ________
policeman ________ policewoman ___________
tooth ________ foot ________
goose ________ mouse ________
child ________
(2)sheep________ deer________
means ________ works________
fish ________menwomenpolicemenpolicewomenteethfeetgeesemicechildrensheepdeermeansworksfish/fishes(5)class, family 等部分集体名词既可以作单数(整体)，也可以作复数(成员)
(6)customs(海关), times(时代), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(报纸), manners(礼貌), looks(外表)等词的复数形式表示特别含义(7)表示 “某国人，某洲人”
American__________ Australian ________
Canadian__________ Asian ____________
European__________ Chinese____________
Japanese__________ Portuguese ____________
Swiss__________ Greek____________ German__________ Englishman____________ Frenchman __________
AmericansAustraliansCanadiansAsiansEuropeansChineseJapanesePortugueseSwissGreekGermansEnglishmenFrenchmen考点 2 (8)复合名词daughters－in－law(儿媳)，passers－by (过路人)，story－tellers(讲故事的人)
(9)名词作定语man scientist ______________
woman lawyer ______________
men scientistswomen lawyers1．一杯水 a ________ of water
两条建议 two ________ of advice
三箱牛奶 three ________ of milk
一个好消息 a ________ of good news
两勺蜂蜜 two ________ of honey
五块巧克力 five ________ of chocolate
2．十二个橘子____________
十一箱香蕉___________________cuppiecesboxespiecespoonsbarstwelve orangeseleven boxes of bananas考点2 表示可数或不可数名词的数量1．名词所有格的形式
(1)一般在名词后加 －'s。
eg：Anna的弟弟______________________
吉姆的妈妈 ______________________
我老师的桌子 ______________________
那只狗的名字 ______________________
(2)若以s结尾的词，则在s后加“'”。
eg：那些男孩们的 __________________________
(3)表示几个人共同的东西，只在最后一个人后加 －'s。
eg：Lucy和Lily的妈妈(两人是姐妹)
________________________________________________Anna's younger brotherJim's mothermy teacher's deskthe dog's name the boys' Lucy and Lily's mother考点3 名词所有格：表示“某人的”(4)表示几个人分别有的东西，则每个都加 －'s。
eg：Lucy 的妈妈和Lily的妈妈(两人不是姐妹)
___________________________________________
(5)一般用…of…结构来表示无生命的名词所有格。
eg：房间的门 ________________
一张中国地图 ________________
注意：有生命的也可用of 结构来表达。
eg：我妹妹的照片(照片里是我妹妹)
___________________________________________ Lucy's and Lily's mothers the door of the rooma map of Chinathe photos of my sister考点 2 (6)双重所有格
eg：我爸爸的一个朋友______________________
我的一名同学__________________
2．常考易错点练习
Lily和Lucy共用的书桌____________________________
Lily和Lucy各自的房间____________________________
母亲节______________ 父亲节______________
儿童节______________ 教师节______________
走着/开车/乘车10分钟的路程________________________
在诊所 ______________Lily and Lucy's deskLily's and Lucy's roomsMother's DayFather's DayChildren's DayTeachers' Day10 minutes' walk/drive/rideat the doctor'sa friend of my father'sa classmate of mine1．约翰逊太太 __________ 格林女士__________
史密斯一家__________ 高教授_____________
2．颐和园 _____________ 埃菲尔铁塔 _____________
太平洋 _____________ 泰山_____________
富士山_____________
3．圣诞节 _____________ 感恩节___________________
复活节_____________ 愚人节_____________
元旦 _____________ 春节 _____________Mrs.JohnsonMs.Greenthe SmithsProfessor Gaothe Summer PalaceEiffel Towerthe Pacific OceanMount TaiMount FujiChristmas DayThanks－giving DayEasterApril Fools' DayNew Year's Daythe Spring Festival考点4 专有名词考点 2 端午节__________________
元宵节 _______________
中秋节__________________
4．《泰晤士报》__________ 《中国日报》__________
5．联合国 ________________
9年级14班_______________
308房间 ______________The TimesChina Dailythe United NationsClass14，Grade 9Room 308Dragon Boat FestivalLantern FestivalMid－Autumn Festival1．—The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou won the 2015 Nobel Prize.
—Her ________has saved millions of lives across the world.
A．victory B．story
C．discovery D．industry
2．—It's useful for the deaf people to learn sign language.
—Yes，it's a major way of ________ for them.
A．suggestion B．vacation
C．production D．communicationCD考点5 名词词义辨析3．(2017·南京)—I go swimming everyday.
—Wow! That's a good ________．It keeps you healthy.
A．match B．task C．habit D．dream
4．The mobile phone sells for ￥5, 000.It is much more than its real________.
A．cost B．value C．price D．wealth
5．—It's hot today. Have some ________, please.
—No, thanks. I'm not thirsty at all.
A．water B．potatoes
C．bread D．cakeCBA6．(2017·渝北)My uncle keeps many ________ on the farm .And I often help him feed them.
A．cow B．horse C．pig D．sheep
7．(2017·安徽)The New Silk Road will offer a good ________ for nations to communicate.
A．chance B．habit
C．question D．price
8．Lily often helps her mother do some cooking in the ________.
A．kitchen B．garden
C．bathroom D．bedroomDAA9．—Mike，what club do you want to join?
—Well, I want to join the ________ club. I love painting.
A．chess B．sports
C．art D．English
10．(2017·重庆A)—Judy, I will have a meeting in Canada next week.
—Well, you'd better take a ________ with you, or you may easily get lost.
A．photo B．stamp
C．map D．postcardCC1．Many ______ (hero)have set good examples for us to follow.
2．It's such a beautiful hair band that Annie will surely love it as a birthday ______．
A．date B．law C．present D．list
3．My grandpa knows the history and medical ______ of many plants.
A．wealth B．price C．value D．costheroesCC wealth财富；price 价格；value价值；cost花费。句意：我爷爷知道许多植物的历史及医学价值。根据句意可知选C。4．—Wow, an iPhone 8.What a big surprise! Thanks, darling!
— It's your birthday present. But please read the ________ carefully before you use it.
A．information B．instructions
C．invitation D．instrument
5．There are a lot of ________ on the grassland.________ sheep dog is sitting next to them.
A．sheep; The B．sheep; A
C．sheeps; The D．sheeps; A information信息；instruction说明；invitation邀请；instrument仪器。根据句意可知使用手机之前应先读说明。BB6．—Shall we go on Friday or Saturday?
—Either day is OK. It makes no ________ to me.
A．choice B．change
C．difference D．decision 考查名词词义辨析。句意：——我们星期五还是星期六去？——哪一天都可以，对我来说没什么区别。choice选择；change变化；difference不同；decision决定。根据Either day is OK可知哪一天都可以，所以对我来说没什么区别。故选C。C7．—Who's the woman under the tree?
—She's ________ aunt.
A．Kelly and Joe's B．Kelly's and Joe
C．Kelly's and Joe's D．Kelly and Joe
8．Zhang Lin is a popular ________ in this school and most of her students are her fans.
A．farmer B．doctor C．worker D．teacher 考查名词所有格。两人或多人共有时，只在最后一个名词后加－‘s。AD9．Don't stand too close to North Americans. You'd better give them more personal________．
A．time B．system C．space D．pity
10．These light bulbs look the same, but their ________ on the environment are different.
A．solutions B．methods
C．effects D．secrets information信息；instruction说明；invitation邀请；instrument仪器。根据句意可知使用手机之前应先读说明。CC11．There are more than one hundred teachers in our school, and most of them are ________．
A．men's teachers B．man teachers
C．men teacher D．men teachers 由man 或woman 构成的合成名词，变复数时将名词及man或woman 都变成复数。DThank you课件26张PPT。 Personal Background
个人情况核心语法突破：冠词1．(2010·河北，26)Cindy is ________ amazing singer. She has lots of fans.
A．a B．an
C．the D．不填本题考查不定冠词an的用法。根据句意“一个令人惊叹的歌手”，有“一个”之意，又因为amazing第一个音素是元音，所以用不定冠词an, 故选B。B 2．(2011?河北，26)She learned to play________ piano all by herself.
A．a B．an C．the D．不填
3．(2012?河北，26)The children stood in ________ circle and danced to music.
A．a B．an C．the D．不填
本题考查定冠词的用法。乐器前面要加the, 故选C。C本题考查不定冠词的用法。根据句意“站成一个圆圈”，有“一个”之意，用不定冠词a。故选A。A4．(2013?河北，26)Do you know ________ girl in green? She is our monitor.
A．a B．an
C．the D．不填本题考查定冠词的用法。根据句意那个穿绿衣服的女孩，可知为特指，所以选C。C5．(2014?河北，26)Let's take ________ photo! Everyone, cheese!
A．a B．an C．the D．不填
6．(2015?河北，26)Look at ________ calendar. It's June 22.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
本题考查不定冠词的用法。根据句意“拍一张照片” take a photo是固定短语，有“一个”之意，用不定冠词a。故选A。A本题考查定冠词的用法。根据句意“看这份日历” 可知，是指双方都清楚确定有所指的事物，用定冠词the。故选C。C7．(2016?河北，26)I have ________ pet cat. It is so cute.
A．a B．an C．the D．不填
8．(2017?河北，79)Twice ________ week, we write robot programmes after school.本题考查不定冠词的用法。根据句意“拍一张照片” take a photo是固定短语，有“一个”之意，用不定冠词a。故选A。A本题考查不定冠词的用法。表频度的短语 Twice a week 一周两次，有“一个”之意，用不定冠词a。a不定冠词：a，an
定冠词：the
冠词分类冠词用法一览表冠词考点列表1．泛指：指单一、每一、任一事物。
2．类指：指一类事物。
(1)This is ________ book.这是一本书。
◆用于第一次提到的某人或某物。
(2)________plane is a machine that can fly.
飞机是一种会飞的机器。
◆人或事物的某一类别，以区别于其他种类。
(3)________girl is waiting for you.一个女孩在等你。
◆泛指某人或某物。
aAA语法归纳考点1 不定冠词a/an的用法(4)Take this medicine three times ________day.
这种药一天服三次。
◆用在重量、长度、时间或变量单位的名词前，表“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有one强烈。
(5)There will be ________ strong wind in South China.在中国南部将有一场强风。
It's ________ pleasure for me to work with you.和你一起工作是我的荣幸。
◆用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前，表“一阵、一份、一类、一场”等。
aaa(6)去游泳____________ 去散步 ____________
谈一谈____________ 看一看____________
休息一下________________ 冲个澡____________
去野餐____________ 喝一杯 ____________
玩得开心_________________ 去度假 ____________
感冒 ____________ 发烧 ____________
咳嗽 ____________ 匆匆忙忙____________
一会儿____________ 记日记 ____________ go for a swimhave a walkhave a talkhave a lookhave a rest/breakhave a showerhave a picnichave a drinkhave a good timego on a vacationhave a coldhave a feverhave a coughin a hurryfor a whilekeep a diary帮忙 ____________ 简言之 ____________
从前，很久以前________________
一定数量的____________
许多，大量的________________ 许多____________
相当多____________
◆不定冠词可用于某些固定词组中。
(7)这么好的一本书________________
相当好的一部电影__________________
◆当可数名词被such, quite等词修饰时，不定冠词放在这些词之后。
do sb.a favorin a wordonce upon a timea number ofa large number ofa lot ofquite a fewsuch a good bookquite a good movie1．表特指
(1)I bought ________ book yesterday. ________book is about Trump.昨天我买了一本书，这是一本关于特朗普的书。
◆指上文中提到的人或物。
(2)Do you know________girl in red?
你知道那个穿红衣服的女孩吗？
◆指被限定性修饰语所限定的人或物。
(3)Did you go to ________ opening ceremony?
你参加开幕典礼了吗？
◆指说话双方都知道的人或物。aThethethe考点2 定冠词the 的用法
(4)________earth moves around________ sun.
地球围绕太阳转。
◆世界上独一无二的事物或江河湖海、山川岛屿、沙漠等专有名词。
2．表类指
________ horse is a useful animal.
马是一种有用的动物。
◆指具有共同性质的某类事物。The theThe3．其他特殊用法
(1)________ Greens are watching TV now.
格林一家正在看电视。
◆用在姓氏复数前表示一家人或夫妻俩。
(2)________first lesson is very easy.
第一课非常简单。
He is ________tallest boy in the class.
他是班上最高的男孩。
◆用在形容词、副词的最高级或序数词前(副词最高级前常省略)。
TheThethe
(3)He is________younger of the two.
他是两个人中比较高的。
◆用在两者比较时的形容词或副词比较级前。
(4)I like playing________piano.我喜欢弹钢琴。
________ sun rises in ________ east and sets in ________ west. 太阳东升西落。
◆用在表示方位或西洋乐器的名词前。
(5)We volunteer to help ________ poor.
我们志愿帮助这些穷人。
◆与某些形容词连用表示一类人。thetheThe the thetheeg：Farmers________(be)busy in autumn.
农民们在秋天很忙。are考点3 零冠词＋复数名词/ 不可数名词，侧重指类别中的许多个体。
1．There is ________ big supermarket in the center of our city.
A．a B．an
C．the D．/
2．(原创)England is ________ European country. It's next to France.
A．a B．an
C．the D．/AA European以辅音因素开头，故用冠词a。3．To be a volunteer in a poor village is ________ unusual experience for me.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
4．He is ________ honest boy. I want to become ________ person like him.
A．a; a B．an；a
C．the; a D．an；theunusual 以元音音素开头，故用冠词an。句意：在一个贫穷的村子里当志愿者对我来说是一次不寻常的经历。BB5．—Have you seen ________ TV series The Legend of Miyue (《芈月传》), Mum?
—Yes, it's quite ________ interesting play, so I have seen it twice.
A．a; the B．the; an C．a; an D．the; the
6．Jack is such________ friendly boy. He gets along well with his classmates.
A．a B．an C．the D．/当可数名词被such, quite等词修饰时，不定冠词放在这些词之后。BA7．Shenzhen is on ________ coast near Hong Kong. It was________ small village many years ago.
A．a; the B．the; a
C．/; / D．the; the
8．Nowadays, more and more foreign students come to China to learn ________Chinese.
A．the B．/
C．a D．an表示语言的名词前不加冠词。BB9．We usually go to ________school on weekdays, and sometimes go to ________cinema at weekends.
A．/; the B．the; the
C．the; / D．/; /
10．Christine is selling her house, but on ________ other hand, she doesn't want to move.
A．a B．an
C．the D．/考查固定搭配。go to school去上学；go to the cinema去看电影。AC11．The boys often play________ basketball after school.
A．/ B．a C．an D．the
12．Dangal(《摔跤吧！爸爸》), ________ Indian film, has become one of ________ most popular films in China.
A．the；/ B．a；the C．an；the D．/；the表示球类的名词前不加冠词，但表示乐器的名词前加定冠词the，如play the piano。AIndian以元音音素开头，故用冠词an, an Indian film一部印度电影；“one of the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数”表示“ 最……之一”。C13．—Lily is coming by________ plane tomorrow.
—Let's go to ________ airport to meet her.
A．/；the B．/；a
C．the; the D．a; a
14．________moon is very bright at night.
A．A B．An
C．The D．/A世界上独一无二的事物或江河湖海、山川岛屿、沙漠等专有名词前用定冠词the。C15．—The presidents of China and the USA had ________ interview a short time ago.
—And it was________ great success.
A．an；/ B．the; a
C．an; a D．the; /抽象名词前一般不加不定冠词，但当表示具体的人或事时，前面可用不定冠词，意为“一种……人或物”。a success 一个成功的人/一件成功的事。CThank you课件38张PPT。 Personal Background
个人情况核心语法突破：代词1．(2011?河北，81)Betty is a good friend of m________．We often help each other.
2．(2012?河北，27)Don't worry about me. I'm old enough to think for ________．
A．himself B．herself C．yourself D．myself本题考查名词性物主代词的用法。a friend of mine 双重所有格，意为：我的朋友中的一个，这类短语后面加名词性物主代词。ine本题考查反身代词的用法。短语“think for oneself”有“独立思考”的意思。反身代词的人称和数要与动作的发出者一致，应与主语“I”对应，用myself。故选D。D3．(2012?河北，34)Could you record the football game for me? I can watch ________ later.
A．it B．one C．this D．that
4．(2013?河北，27)It is a good habit of ________ to read a few lines before going to bed.
A．I B．me C．my D．mine本题考查代词it的用法。it 可用来代指前文刚刚提到的单数或不可数名词，此句中代替的是“the football game”，用it。故选A。A本题考查名词性物主代词的用法。a good habit of mine意为我的好习惯之一，这类短语后面加名词性物主代词。故选D。D5．(2013?河北，30)You don't have a drink. Can I get you ________？
A．something B．anything
C．nothing D．everything本题考查不定代词something 的用法。something通常用于肯定句，但在希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中，尤其是请某人吃些或喝些什么的时候，不用any，而要用some，故选A。A6．(2014?河北，27)We must protect plants. They are friends of ________．
A．we B．us C．our D．ours
7．(2014?河北，29)Do you have toys? I'd like to buy ________ for my cousin.
A．it B．one C．this D．that 本题考查名词性物主代词的用法。friends of ours意为“我们的朋友”，这类短语后面加名词性物主代词。故选D。D本题考查代词one的用法。one意为前文提到的同类人或事物之一，此处泛指前文toys中的一个。故选B。B8．(2015?河北，27)My brother likes painting. It's one of ________ hobbies.
A．my B．her C．his D．your
9．(2016?河北，27)Thanks for inviting ________ to dinner, Nancy. I really enjoyed it.
A．her B．him C．you D．me本题考查形容词性物主代词的用法。空后面有名词hobbies，所以前面用形容词性物主代词，所以选C。C本题考查人称代词宾格的用法。因为后面一句说I really enjoyed it可知是邀请我，宾格用me，故选D。D10．(2017?河北，26)—Is this Kate's bicycle?
—No, ________ is under the tree. She put it there this morning.
A．his B．hers C．mine D．yours本题考查名词性物主代词的用法。此处名词性物主代词hers指代前文提到的 Kate's bicycle，Kate 为女名。故选B。B11．(2017?河北，75)He always offers ________ (I)some help. He is a hero in my heart.本题考查人称代词宾格的用法。offer为动词，常用结构offer sb.sth. 意为为某人提供某物，sb.和sth.都是offer的宾语，此处为为我提供帮助，用宾格me，故答案为me。me代词考点列表请根据所给信息将表格补全。语法归纳考点1 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词1.人称代词的用法
(1)I love my country.我爱我的祖国。
We are middle school students.我们是中学生。
◆人称代词主格作________。
(2)Give me a challenge, and I will meet it with joy.
让我迎接挑战，我会欣然受之。
I bought a basketball for him as his birthday gift.
我给他买了一个篮球作为他的生日礼物。
—Who's the baby in the photo？照片中的婴儿是谁？
—It's me.是我。
◆人称代词宾格作及物动词、介词的________或系动词后作________。主语宾语表语2．物主代词的用法
(1)That is our classroom.那是我们的教室。
◆形容词性物主代词：放在名词前作定语。
(2)My idea is quite different from hers.
我的想法与她的完全不同。
◆名词性物主代词：相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”。
(3)He is a friend of mine.他是我的一个朋友。
◆名词性物主代词用于双重所有格中，即“a/an＋名词＋of＋名词性物主代词”。3．反身代词的用法 (★要注意，反身代词使用时要和动作的发出者保持人称和数的一致噢！)
(1)The boy teaches himself English.
这个男孩儿自学英语。
I said to myself that I must catch up with him.
我心里想我一定要赶上他。
◆位于及物动词或介词之后，作宾语。(2)John himself did the work.＝John did the work himself.
约翰亲自做了这项工作。
Did you see Mr. Wang himself?
你见过王先生本人吗？
◆作主语或宾语的同位语，用以加强语气，可以放在主语之后或句尾。
(3)I am not quite myself today. 我今天感觉有些不舒服。
◆用于系动词之后，作表语。4．反身代词常用词组
自学…… teach oneself… ＝learn… by oneself
玩得开心 enjoy oneself 献身于 devote oneself to
恢复常态 come to oneself 心里想 say to oneself
请随意(吃或喝) help oneself to 伤到自己 hurt oneself
独自做……do… by oneself 自动地，自发地 of oneself
给自己穿衣服 dress oneself 相信自己 believe in oneself
专心致志于……，沉迷于…… lose oneself in1．this /these 这个/这些
(1)This is my pen.这是我的钢笔。
These are my books.这些是我的书。
◆指时间或空间上较近的人或物。
(2)Please remember this：No pains, no gains.
请记住：没有付出就没有回报。
◆指后面要提到或刚刚提到的事。考点2 指示代词2．that/those 那个 / 那些
(1)That is her bike.那是她的自行车。
Those apple trees are hers.那些苹果树是她的。
◆指时间或空间上较远的人或物。
(2)He was ill. That is why he didn't go to school.
他生病了，那就是他没有上学的原因。
◆指前面刚刚提到过的事。3．this、that 和those 的特殊用法
(1)Hello! This is Bob (speaking)．Who's that ?
你好！我是鲍勃。你是哪位？
◆在电话用语中，用this表示打电话者，用于介绍自己；用that表示对方。
(2)The population of China is larger than that of Russia.
中国的人口比俄罗斯的人口多。
The computers in your office are more expensive than those in our school.
你们办公室的电脑要比我们学校的电脑更贵。
◆that和those可以用在比较结构中，以避免重复。that代替前面提到的单数名词或不可数名词；those代替前面提到的复数名词。1．Who is that woman? 那个女人是谁？
◆疑问代词who 作主语、宾语或表语。
2．With whom did you go? 你和谁一起去的？
◆who的宾格形式，whom作宾语。
3．Whose book is it? 它是谁的书？
◆who的所有格形式，whose作定语， 常放于名词前。
4．What is he doing? 他正在做什么？
◆what作主语、表语、宾语或定语。
5．Which one is bigger? 哪一个更大？
◆which作主语、宾语或定语。
考点3 疑问代词6．what与which的区别
eg：Which is better, this one or that one?
哪一个更好，这个还是那个？
What color do you like best? 你最喜欢什么颜色？
◆what表示在一个相当大而且界线不清的范围内选择；which表示在特定的范围内选择。
7．who与what在口语中的用法区别
eg：Who is he? 他是谁？
◆询问的是某人的身份或姓名等。
eg：What is he? 他是干什么的？
◆询问的是某人的职业。1．不定代词的分类
(1)普通不定代词
(2)复合不定代词考点4 不定代词2.不定代词的用法
(1)He has some good friends at school.
他在学校有一些好朋友。
Do you have any history books?
你有一些历史书吗？
◆some 和含有some的复合不定代词通常用于肯定句，any 和含有any的复合不定代词常用于否定句或疑问句。
注意：Would you like some juice?
希望得到肯定回答时，尤其是请某人吃或者喝一些东西的时候，疑问句中通常用some 或含有some 的复合不定代词。(2)Do you want anything else?
你还想要其他的东西吗？
There is nothing new in today's newspaper.
今天的报纸上没有什么新东西。
Would you like something to drink?
你想来点喝的吗？
◆复合不定代词的定语要后置：形容词或 else，以及动词不定式修饰不定代词时，通常位于不定代词之后。(3)another, other, the other, others , the others的用法对比
eg：I need another two helpers.
我还需要另外两个帮手。
We have read his two other books.
我们已经读过他的另外两本书。
I have two good friends. One is Tom, and the other is Lucy.
我有两个好朋友，一个是汤姆，另一个是露西。We have different ideas about this movie. Some think it's relaxing while others think it's boring.
我们对这部电影有不同看法。一些人认为它让人感到放松，另外一些人认为它很没意思。
There are five CDs on the desk. Two of them are mine; the others are Lily's.
桌子上有五张CD，其中两张是我的，另外三张是莉莉的。1．This is not my book. It is Jim's.
这不是我的书，是吉姆的。
◆指前面提到过的同一事物。
2．—What's this？这是什么？
—It's a pencil.它是一支铅笔。
◆用来代替指示代词this或that。
3．Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩？
There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman.有人在敲门，一定是邮递员。
◆指性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。考点5 it的用法4．—What's the time now？现在几点了？
—It's ten o'clock.十点。
—What is the weather like today？今天天气怎么样？
—It's sunny.今天天气很晴朗。
How far is it from your school to your home?
你家离学校有多远？
◆指代时间、季节、天气或距离。5．常用于下列句型中：
(1)It is ＋adj.＋ (for sb.)to do sth.中it作形式主语
eg：It is hard for him to make up his mind.
他很难下定决心。
It was foolish of her to say such a thing.
她说那样的话，真是太蠢了。
(2)It's time to do /for sth.
eg：It's time to get up/for lunch.
该起床了。/该吃午饭了。(3)It seems that…
eg：It seems that he is quite happy.
他看起来很高兴。
(4)It's one's turn to do …
eg：It's your turn to sing.该你唱歌了。
(5)It's ＋adj.＋that从句
eg：It is necessary that you attend the meeting.
你有必要参加这个会议。
(6)Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line？
你认为有必要学习排队等候吗？
◆it 作形式宾语。(7)It was in the park that Tom lost his watch.
就是在这个公园，汤姆把表弄丢了。
◆构成强调句型“It is /was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分”。
6．it与one的区别
(1)The book is mine. It's very interesting.
这本书是我的。它很有趣。
◆it特指上文提到的同一对象，是同一事物。
(2)—Who has a pen？谁有钢笔？
—I have one.我有一支。
◆one 泛指上文提及的同类事物中的一个，即同类而不同物。1．The sofa is terribly heavy. Can you move it by y________？
2．Fu Yuanhui is ________ favorite swimmer because she is so funny.
A．I B．my
C．me D．mine
3．I asked ________ to do ________ schoolwork by ________.
A．him; his; himself B．her; her; itself
C．her; his; myself D．him; her; herselfourselfBA4．—Is this________ computer?
—Yes, it's________．My mother bought it for me.
A．you; me B．your; my
C．yours; mine D．your; mine
5．—My mobile phone doesn't work, but I can't find a shop to repair it.
—Oh, let me show you ________ near our school.
A．that B．those C．it D．one考查代词辨析。句意：——我的手机坏了，但我找不到一个店修它。——哦，让我指给你在我们学校附近的一个。it指前面提到的特指的事物，one指前面提到的事物的任一个，故D项符合语境。DD6．Water is important to ________, so there are many water festivals around the world.
A．everyone B．nobody
C．somebody D．something
7．Some children in the villages must look after ________ because their parents work in the cities.
A．them B．their
C．theirs D．themselves
考查不定代词辨析。句意：水对于________是重要的，因此全世界有许多水节。由句意可知水对于每个人都很重要。故选A。AD8．—Don't be angry with your kid when he makes a mistake again, will you?
—No, I won't. I know that ________ of us are perfect after all.
A．none B．neither C．each D．all
9．He got up to get some hot water but found there was ________ left in the bottle.
A．a few B．few C．a little D．little考查不定代词的用法辨析。none(三者或三者以上)都不；neither(两者)都不；each强调个体，“每个”；all(三者或三者以上)全部。由语境可知，此处表达“毕竟我们都不是完美的。”，这里的us指三者以上。故选A。AD10．Dad doesn't always come to you. You have to fight and save ________．
A．yourself B．himself
C．myself D．herself考查反身代词。句意：爸爸不是总能来救你，你得凭自己的力量战斗，救你自己！ save oneself表示挽救自己。后面用反身代词，而且和前面的主语You保持一致，所以用yourself。A11．—There's ________ in the city. Why not have a picnic in the countryside?
—Great. Dawei Mountain might be a good choice.
A．interesting something
B．nothing interesting
C．anything interesting
D．something interesting
12．Do you think ________ acceptable for a group of women to dance to loud music on the square near your house?
A．it B．that
C．this D．itsBA13．—Is this iPad yours?
—Yes. My parents bought ________ for my language learning.
A．one B．it
C．other D．another本题考查代词辨析。句意：——这个iPad是你的吗？——是的，我父母为我学习语言买的它。one一个，指同类不同物的一个；it代指前面的单数名词； other通常修饰名词；another另一个。结合语境可知应该用it ，代指前面的iPad。BThank you课件38张PPT。 Personal Background
个人情况核心语法突破：动词的时态(I)1．(2013·河北，33)We have no more vegetables in the fridge. I________ and buy some.
A．go B．went
C．will go D．was going本题考查一般将来时。此题用语境判断法。由上句可知，现在冰箱里没有蔬菜，所以我将要去买一些。故选C。C2．(2013?河北，37)Ken________ his jacket in the gym. He has to get it back.
A．left B．leaves C．is leaving D．was leaving
3．(2014?河北，39)I'm busy now. I________ to you after school this afternoon.
A．talk B．talked C．will talk D．have talked本题考查一般过去时。由后面一句中的has to 可知是他先把夹克落在了体育馆，所以现在不得不去取回来。故选A。A本题考查一般将来时。根据句意，第一句说我现在很忙，第二句说等放学后我将找你谈，此句中after school this afternoon 为一般将来时时间状语 。故选C。C4．(2014?河北，40)The teacher is already standing here. Do you know when she ________？
A．comes B．came
C．is coming D．was coming本题考查一般过去时。此题用语境判断法。从前面一句中的is already standing here可知老师已经来了，后一句问，你知道她是什么时候来的吗？一般过去时的用法之一，即过去某个时间某个地点，发生了某个动作，强调动作发生的时间或地点时，要用一般过去时。故选B。B5．(2015?河北，31) I ________the shops .Can I get you anything?
A．go to B．went to
C．have gone to D．am going to
本题考查一般将来时。此题用语境判断法。由下句Can I get you anything？可知我打算去商店，be going to ＋ 地点，此处为进行时表将来，故选D。D6．(2015?河北，36) Grace________ this game every time we play.
A．wins B．won
C．will win D．has won本题考查一般现在时。此句中，every time 相当于when，后面引导时间状语从句，意为每次我们玩这个游戏Grace 都赢，可知是通常状况，用一般现在时。故选A。A7．(2016?河北，32) Oh, no! I ________ the book in the lab.
A．leave B．left
C．will leave D．was leaving本题考查一般过去时。此题用语境判断法。根据句意， 可知是他把书落在了实验室，过去的某个时间某个地点，发生了某个动作，用一般过去时，故选B。B8．(2016?河北，33)Grandpa ________ glasses when he reads.
A．wears B．wore
C．has worn D．was wearing本题考查一般现在时。此句中，when he reads为一般现在时时间状语从句，从句意“每当爷爷读书他都戴着眼镜”，可知是通常状况，用一般现在时。故选A。A9．(2016?河北，35)Just go down the road, and you ________ the library next to the bank.
A．see B．saw
C．have seen D．will see本题考查一般将来时。此题用语境判断法。根据句意，沿着这条路走，你就将会看到银行旁边的图书馆。故选D。D10．(2017?河北，29)Grandfather lives with us. We all ________ him.
A．look at B．look for
C．look after D．look like本题考查look 动词短语及一般现在时。第一句中，Grandfather lives with us.为一般现在时，说的是一般状况，所以用一般现在时。look at 朝……看；look for 寻找；look after 照顾；look like 长得像。根据句意可知爷爷(年纪大)和我们住在一起，我们都照顾他。故选C。C11．(2010?河北，84)Steven ________(参加)the school dancing club last year.
12．(2011?河北，84)We Chinese sometimes ________ (借) words from English when talking. 本题考查一般过去时。join the...club 加入……俱乐部；因为后面有典型的一般过去时时间状语last year，因此答案为joined。joined本题考查一般现在时。此句中有时间状语when talking，句意为会借用一些英语词汇，所以用一般现在时。borrow13．(2011?河北，85)Victor ___________(敲)the door before he walked into the room.
14．(2012?河北，82)Nancy often_______________(go swimming) with her friends in summer.本题考查动词短语应用于一般过去时。易错点：丢掉介词at。本句的时间状语从句before he walked into the room 为一般过去时，前面主句的动作也用一般过去时。knocked at本题考查一般现在时。此句中时间状语in summer 为一般现在时时间状语，often为一般现在时标志性频度副词，此句意为在夏天，Nancy经常和朋友去游泳，所以用一般现在时。goes swimming15．(2013?河北，83)In spring, I often__________ (fly a kite)in the Red Star Park.
16．(2014?河北，84)Jim ___________(turn on)the TV and watched the football game.本题考查一般现在时。此句中时间状语In spring 为一般现在时时间状语，often为一般现在时标志性频度副词，此句意为：在春天，我经常在红星公园放风筝，所以用一般现在时。fly a kite本题考查一般过去时。and 连接并列谓语，后面的watched为过去式，前面并列的动词也用过去式。turned on17．(2014?河北，85)Mr. Zhang owns a teahouse. It ________ (serve)tea in special bowls.
18．(2017?河北，80)Our team________ (win)two competitions last term. We were very happy.本题考查一般现在时。前一句中owns为一般现在时，后面一句与之时态呼应，意为“茶馆通常用特殊的碗沏茶”，也用一般现在时。serves本题考查一般过去时及win 的过去式。前一句中后面有典型的一般过去时时间状语last term，而且后一句中were是过去式，因此，此句时态为一般过去时；win的过去式是won。因此答案为won。won一、动词的分类
动词分为：实义动词，系动词，助动词和情态动词四大类。二、英语中最基本的三个时态表达，都与本话题相关；而且在中考的考查中，它们都是必考时态。我们来看看它们的用法与区别吧！1．The old man ________ (take)exercises every morning.
那个老人每天早晨锻炼 。
◆表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
2．Shanghai________ (lie)in the east of China.
上海坐落于中国东部。
◆表示客观真理或客观事实。语法归纳考点1 一般现在时takeslies3．We'll go on a nature tour if it ______________ (not rain) tomorrow.
如果明天不下雨，我们将会去大自然中旅行。
◆在时间及条件状语从句中，当主句从句同时表将来时，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
注意：(1)一般现在时态常见标志词(频度副词)：always, usually, often, sometimes; seldom, hardly ever，never(2)常用时间状语：in the morning/…； every…； once a …； each…doesn't rain4．(1)Here __________(come)our teacher.
我们的老师正朝这边走过来。
(2)There ____________(go)the bell.铃响了。
◆表示说话时正在进行的动作，只限于here, there引导的句型。comesdoesn't rain想一想，填一填：
1．Each year Beijing ___________ (receive)a large number of foreign visitors.
2．She always ________ (give)away her money to charities.
3．The Yellow River ________(rise)in Qinghai.
4．Here________(come)the bus. Let's go.receivesgivesrisescomes1．Mr. Li is out. But he ________ (be)here ten minutes ago.李先生现在不在，但是他十分钟之前在这儿。
◆表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
2．When I was young, I often ________ (swim)in that river. 我小时候，经常在那条河里游泳。
◆表示过去的习惯性动作。考点2 一般过去时wasswam注意：(1)常用于一般过去时的时间状语或标志性结构：yesterday; last…； …ago; just now; in＋过去时间；used to do…(2)一般现在时态常见标志词(频度副词)always, usually, often, sometimes; seldom, hardly ever，never也可以用在一般过去时，表示过去的经常性或习惯性动想一想，填一填：
1．Frank read a comic book yesterday, but his brother ________ (not)．
2．He ________(drive)a city bus for over twenty－five years before he moved here.
3．He used to ________(eat)unhealthy food.didn'tdroveeat1．I'll go and visit her next Friday.
下个星期五我要去拜访她。
◆“主语＋will ＋动词原形＋其他”表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
2．I'm going to attend a meeting next week.
我下个星期要参加一个会议。
◆“主语＋be(am/is/are)＋going to＋动词原形＋其他”通常表计划、打算做某事或表推测。考点3 一般将来时3．(1)My aunt ___________(come) next week.
我姑姑下周要来。
(2)The old man ___________ (die). I feel sorry about it.这位老人即将死去，我为此感到难过。
(3)Sharon has never been to the grassland, but she ___________ (go)there this summer.
莎伦从来没去过草原，但这个夏天她将要去。
◆通常用进行时表将来的词有：go, come, leave, arrive, begin, start, die
is comingis dyingis going4．He is sixty years old. He is about to retire.
他60岁了，就要退休了。
◆be about to do 即将(就要)发生的动作，后不跟具体的时间状语。
注意：(1)be going to强调的是在说话时刻之前已经考虑过的，即强调计划和安排性；will 强调的是主观意愿，具有随意性。(2)一般将来时常见时间状语：tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, soon, in a week, next week/month等。1．I promise I ____________ (send)you an email to explain all of these tomorrow.
2．—How do you usually go to school?
— I________ to school on foot.
A．go B．went
C．was going D．will go
3．—What does your father do after dinner?
—He usually ________ newspapers.
A．reads B．watches
C．looks D．seeswill sendAA 4．—Hello, John. This is Mike. What are you doing now?
—I'm watching a football match. It started at 7：30pm and________on for another one hour.
A．has been B．was
C．will be D．is句意：——你好，约翰，我是迈克。你正在干什么？——我在观看足球比赛。下午七点半开始的，_____一个小时。根据another one hour 另一个小时，可知比赛将会再持续一小时。用一般将来时态。故选C。C5．—Look at my new smart phone.
—Wow, it's so cool. When and where ________ you ________ it?
A．do; buy B．have；bought
C．did；buy D．have；had句意：——看我的新智能手机。——哇，非常酷。你何时何地买的？根据语境可知，这里强调买的时间和地点，应用过去时态表达。故选C。C6．As soon as the rain ________, they will go out to pick apples.
A．stops B．stopped C．will stop D．is stopping
7．There ________a basketball game between these two grades in the gym this afternoon.
A．will B．is going to have
C．is going to be D．will have句意：雨一停，他们就出去摘苹果。as soon as 一……就，引导时间状语从句。其特点是主将从现，故选A。AC根据时间状语this afternoon 可知用一般将来时。there be的一般将来时的结构为“there is going to be”或“there will be”。8．Johnson won't answer the phone if he ________ the number.
A．knew B．doesn't know
C．will know D．didn't know
9．Sue wasn't happy because she ________ the concert given by her favourite singer.
A．misses B．missed
C．will miss D．is missing在条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，即“主将从现”原则。句意：如果Johnson不知道这个号码，他就不会接电话。BB10．—Excuse me, look at the sign NO SMOKING.
—Sorry, I ________ it. I will stop it at once.
A．don't see B．won't see
C．hasn't seen D．didn't see句意：——劳驾，请看一下标识“不准吸烟”。——对不起，我没看到。我立马停止。根据句意可知是刚才没看到，故用一般过去时。D11．We________some robots at home in the future, and there ________some in the office, too.
A．will have; will have B．have; will be
C．will have; will be D．will have; are
12．Our teacher told us that failure ________the mother of success.
A．is B．was C．am D．were CA句意：老师告诉我们失败是成功之母。主句虽然是一般过去时，但从句为表示客观真理或客观事实的句子，故用一般现在时。13．(原创)Tom ________ his finger and hurried to the hospital.
A．cuts B．was cutting
C．cut D．has cut
14．(原创)—Have you ever been to Australia?
—Yes, I ________ there in 2015.
A．go B．went
C．have gone D．will go
15．Everyone will succeed if he________in himself.
A．believe B．believes
C．believed D．will believeCBB16．—I wonder if our foreign teacher Mr. White ________ to his hometown next Tuesday.
—I‘m not sure. But if he ________ to his hometown, I will see him off.
A．returns; returns B．will return；will return
C．will return；returns D．returns; will return第一个if 引导宾语从句，根据next Tuesday可知用一般将来时；第二个if引导条件状语从句，句子时态遵循“主将从现”原则。C17．Next week Steven is leaving for Paris as long as he ________ the work.
A．is finishing B．finishes
C．will finish D．finish
18．The picture ________ nice.
A．looks B．is looked
C．look D．is looking
19．I________ football quite well, but I haven't had time to play since the new year.
A．will play B．have played
C．played D．play BAD20．—Linda is not coming for the party tonight.
—But she________．
A．promises B．promised
C．will promise D．had promised句意：——Linda今晚不来参加聚会了。——但是她承诺了。promise的动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时。BThank you
