中考总复习 名词

名词
考点一 名词词义辨析
1 高频考词
experience excuse. instruction information advice message matter plan choice decision result expression……【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
类别划分
job
Food
animal
sport
2. 常考几组近义词辨析
（1）family house home
（2）job work
（3）problem question
（4）voice noise sound
考点二 名词的可数性和不可数性
1.可数名词的复数形式
（1）规则变化：
（2）不规则变化
a 国人变复数：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面。
b 以o结尾加es是 黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿。
c 名词修饰名词，若前面的名词是man woman ，变复数，前后两个名词都变复数。
变复数
Japanese. Frenchman. American. German. Australian. Potato. tomato. photo. piano. bamboo. woman driver. Apple tree
2 不可数名词的数
（1）
表示方法：不可数名词需要计量时，用“数词或冠词＋计量名词＋不可数名词”来表示。
（2）常考短语
一则新闻. 一条建议. 一片面包. 一份工作. 一瓶水. 一篮子食物. 一副眼镜. 一条裤子. 一张纸. 一块面包21教育网
考点三. 名词所有格
1 名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系。有两种表示形式：一种是，，'s 所有格，另一种of 所有格。
2 用and 连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系，这时只在最后一个名词加 ’s，分别拥有时，两个名词都在词尾加’s。21世纪教育网版权所有
3以s结尾的名词，在s后加’，不以s结尾的词在词尾加’s。
4 of 所有格常用来表示无生命的东西。
5 双重所有格有两种形式：a of＋名词所有格。b of ＋名词性物主代词
6 表示店铺，医院，诊所，住宅等名称时，常在名词后加上’s 代表全称。
7一些具有名词性质的复合不定代词，如someone,everybody等和else 连用时， 's 应加在else后。www.21-cn-jy.com
8. 表示时间，距离，国家，城市等无生命的东西的名词，也可以在词尾加's 或' 来构成所有格。
（1）用于时间（2）用于度量（3）用于价值（4）用于天体（5）用于国家（6）用于城市
9双重所有格和of 所有格的区别
Eg: He is a friend of your father's.
He is a friend of your father.
常考所有格
中国的首都
教师节
儿童节
玛丽和她的妹妹的卧室（共有的）
房间的门
在诊所
别人的笔
骑车一小时的路程
两个星期的时间
模拟练习
1. If you work hard ，you will have another ______to play the violin at a concert
A sleep. B chance. C mistake. D problem
2. Lily，could you please pass me the _____？ I want to cut the apple.2·1·c·n·j·y
Sure , here you are .
A pen B pencil C book D knife
3. Katherine was excited to receive a dozen of roses from her husband on _____Day.
A Woman B Women. C Woman's D Women's
4. Will you fix up the machine according to the _____, David?www-2-1-cnjy-com
No problem
A instructions B inventions. C invitations D interviews21*cnjy*com
5. Is the school bag under the desk yours?
No, it's my _____. He left it there just now.
A brother B brother 's C brothers'
6. Nobody knows which team will win the 2014 World Cup in Brazil.【出处：21教育名师】
Yes . That is the _____of the beautiful game.
A question B luck. C hope. D magic
7. You may go to Milan for a free trip.
It's a very kind _____, but I really can't accept it.21*cnjy*com
A excuse. B offer. C promise. D decision
8. More and more people come to visit Mount Huangshan .21·cn·jy·com
That's true . It has become the _____of Anhinga.
A pride. B effort. C praise. D courage
9. What _____bowl of noodles would you like , small, medium or large?
A large bowl beef noodles ,please .
A color. B price. C size. D kind
10. Our school uniforms are out of _____. We think young people should look smart .
A luck. B sight. C reach. D fashion
11. Mum, I want to buy an iPhone 5s for a change .
Well, I think there is no _____. It's almost the same as an iPhone 4s
A reason. B need. C answer. D way
12. _____is one of the four great inventions of ancient China .21cnjy.com
A The car. B The train C Paper-making D The computer.
13. Yesterday for dinner I had a piece of beef ,vegetables and _____.
A some rice. B a few rice. C a little rices. D a rice
14. Jack, I have _____ working out the math problem.
Don't worry. Let me help you.
A fun. B trouble. C experience
15. Look at my stamps .
They are beautiful! You've got a wonderful _____.2-1-c-n-j-y
A instruction. B description. C collection. D expression 21教育名师原创作品
16. The student didn't find much _____about the topic on that website
A report. B article. C information. D story
17. More and more people would like to go on vacation abroad. They should remember to be _____with good manners .
A visitors. B players. C volunteers
18. This week, the _____seems to change every day : one day is hot ; the next day is cold .
A time. B season. C weather. D way
19. David, why are you so excited?
My father has made a _____that he will take me Tibet next month.
A face. B promise. C mistake
20. Mr White, the principal, has made a great _____to the growth of the school .
A contribution. B progress. C invention. D protection
21. I am sure Cindy will be able to find the hotel --she has a pretty good _____of direction.
A idea. B feeling. C experience. D sense
22. It's a wise _____to wear the white tie .
It matches your shirt well .
Thank you very much.
A choice. B support. C mixture. D honour
23. Why didn't Sally play the violin at the concert last night ?
She said that her hand hurt , but that was only a _____. I saw her play tennis just now .
A matter. B excuse. C result. D expression
24. The students of Grade 7 visited Mike's farm and saw many _____there .
A bird. B duck. C sheep. D rabbit
25. Dear friends , please read every sentence carefully . Details decide _____or not . If you take it seriously, you'll achieve your goal!
A success. B successful. C succeed
26. Could you tell me how to remember new words quickly ?
Yes , I think a _____tree can help you a lot .
A grammar. B equation. C punctuation. D vocabulary 【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
27. I have great _____ in learning math and I'm so worried . Could you help me ?
Sure . I'd be glad to.
A trouble B interest. C joy. D fun
28. Boys and girls , feeling peaceful is the first step to become _____in the exam. So please take a deep breath and calm down.
A runners. B winners. C players
29. Mrs. Black , could you give me some advice on how to write an application letter?
With pleasure . Remember that the letter should be written in the formal _____.
A value. B style. C effect. D mood
30. The theme park is about _____ride from the museum. You should start out right now.
A two hour. B two hour's. C two hours'. D two-hours
31. Look! The kites in the sky are in different _____. Some are big and some are small.
A size. B sizes. C color. D colors
32. Father's Day is coming . What should I buy for my father?21·世纪*教育网
Why not _____? He likes sports
A a scarf. B a key ring. C a pair of jeans D a pair of running shoes
33. Kate has a beautiful _____. Listen! She is singing very well.
A voice. B sound. C noise. D smell
34. The land in the southwest of China is in great need of _____.
Yes, it hasn't rained for a long time here .
A people. B food. C water
35. What makes you so upset?
I wanted to explain why I was late , but Mr. White didn't give me a _____.
A way. B chance. C idea. D excuse
36. Why not give Linda some _____? She has failed in Chinese several times
A notice. B suggestion. C advice. D warning
37. You look worried . What's your _____?
I have trouble learning English.
A name. B question. C problem. D job
38. Your broken watch needs a new part . You'll have to take it back to the shop.
That'll be a _____because I didn't buy it . It was a gift .
A question. B excuse. C problem. D reason
39. Pandas are special animals. They only eat bamboo _____.
A meals. B leaf. C food. D leaves
40. What is your _____of keeping fit and slim?
I do exercise thirty minutes every day and have a balanced diet.
A trouble. B mistake. C advantage. D secret
41. It's your _____ as Chinese to protect the environment.
A duty. B hobby. C habit. D manner
42. The child finally completed the race because of his parents' _____.
A experience. B excuse. C encouragement. D expression
43. Taking a walk after supper is a good _____.
So it is . It keeps us healthy.
A habit. B event. C rule. D favor
44. Can you see the picture clearly?
Sure. There are many _____in it .
A flower B grasses. C tree. D sheep
45. My father is a reporter . He works in a _____.
A bank. B school. C hospital. D TV station
46. Whose desk is this? Is it the _____?
Yes . It is _____.
A Twins'. ; Tom and Tony's. B twin's ; Tom's and Tony's【版权所有：21教育】
C Twins' ; Tom and Tony. D twins' ; Tom's and Tony
47. Mom, could you pass me some _____? It's delicious.
OK, but only a little
A butter. B apples. C tomatoes. D sandwiches
48. Shall we go shopping now ?
Sorry , It's not the right _____. I'm too tired .
A way. B weather. C place. D moment
49. I don't know how to use the washing.
Follow the _____. You can do it easily.
A advertisement. B direction. C information. D instruction
50. Could you please move over a little and make some _____for me ?
Sure, please .
A place. B seat. C room. D ground